‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
ّ
ّ
‫ﺣـــﻔــﻆ ﺍﻟـﻨـﻔــﺲ ﻭﺍﻟـﺤـــﻖ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟـﺤـﻴـﺎﺓ‬
ّ
ّ
‫ﺃﻫــﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ ﺍﻟﺸــﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳــﻼﻣﻴـﺔ‬
#‫" ! )(آ‬#$%‫ إ‬.‫د‬
‫ ا‬،ّ‫ر ا‬
‫ا !ا ا ا‬
"#‫ﺕی‬
:‫ﻡﻡ‬
öΝ3
ä Ρ¯ &r ρu $WZ 7t ã
t Ν
ö 3
ä ≈Ψo )
ø =n z
y $ϑ
y Ρ¯ &r Ο
ó Fç 7ö ¡
Å s
y ùs &r  : ' ), ) +&)* &( &' %#
"#$ ( :) 〈 β
t θèã _
y ö ?è ω
Ÿ $Ζu Šø 9s )Î
〈
š
ϑ
Ï =n ≈èy =ù 9jÏ πZ Ηt q
ô ‘y ω
)Î š ≈Ψo =ù ™
y ‘ö &r $! Βt ρu  :&)/0 3/( 2
1 :-./0( $
: /( .(56 :43(*)
%
). #0)>( &
3 ?0 =4( – "
8 90 $/ :; & &' 3A3 3D ? E#. %' F ,G( ' C80 &A B & 2
3#@ "
$
23
)$G ),1 2)HI ")A 2)J
I 2. 2
3/(0 , DD – 2D
)R3
P -) Q3G O/A L ; M N$ -3/0 %#@ ' /K( 2
3#@
3
) $ ' HJ3 ;03 $
R - T3 SR - :(0' ,3 2
3'G
) ( G03 G03 P,V P ;$ +2/38G % IU0 2 ( & .2
/
N0,( M
00 B 2 %
. .$/ X)$(0 -3H( T3 -WH3 -H 3 % ,3
)
3J0 "' Z 2
3#@ 2/3X)G $ &' &( Y
$ O
%H( - 28
%#@ 2
3D &' &( 3U0 0U> [ 0 &08 &; 2H :; Z OW
.3/( 2
@ -0/3G $ ' -0
B 2
33 -0'
-8\ )$' , & $/ ; & "3 ?3A0( %#@ 4( D 3@ Z
−
١−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
2) ) )$/ -3' 30 "3U ]L 3R $
P ( ?H8 ZA( >
8 1 -30 > M ?(.1 ,3 >
,3 B (> %3W0 B % T '( /03 3 2$ G %3W0
U
03 2/3)G %,B & 23G "W( 2(0,( 03 3$$0 %/ ;B M
)U* &' NU( 2
/ %#@ ?
3W 2/3)G ?
3, %,* ' & 2(0,
.3H0 ZA %,* :; ZA
)30 2)'D ); ND) -'G Q3$> * %#0> ; %#@
%/ $ \ H 4 Y$ NU M, QG 30 : 23(/
%0)3' &) 3H0 [#$( -#$ 20 Y
$ %/ %W WH ; Z3)G0 ( %3 -3 G3/3 %/ ?U %33B 3( %03 G 2, %0('
)03 D(0) C* & [#$1 / & [#$ 20 ' -( H8,
2/3X))G %)/ $ 3 [#$@ & 2'D0> &0 ( Z3U Z 3(0
Y$ 30( M ,3 8 1 3 ^3/0 %W WH ( C* "' & 2
3#@
."H 2$ &/ -( 8 03 N &' H N0U
/ TH8 3
WH :_; T ?3A
&' 2W( %#@ 4U );U( >1 %)W %30)3> 3) 3 Y$ %3 & (> -8* +N8 %3/8 "U8 ? "a & ^#0 &1 3 & 2
* 2 ?` ?80 \ 3$0
> )$ :); & ;$ WH &1 ZU0 2/3G O3,0 » :_(DG %@ 3
),0 B E). 2)
3U ),0 B &). 2
3A ,0 B ;B :%B 2.#. c/0V
.()«2
330
)$ ) Q)G B » "a 3 & T Y$ 30( 00 2/3)G
8 $
:%# (' ( I/ Ua U/ & B (e)« 2
33
2
3* Y$ 21 Z3)G0(
2)U` 2U' B 2U` B 2U' 2$ >1 -,B f, Q)G3 % -( B %'»
(g)« Y$ NU0 B H B0 1 : Y$ 8, 2/3G» : %
). «:(' &' - #
= AH0
.(h)« ZG %W/ M /( O/ ;H 3
Y$ %W/ » : , %0 %0/ %#$ %0 %/H -3 , &; 3 & T Y$
.#
= U` B #
= U' 1 H Z A
* NU0 &' %;'3
&')G %, , B %' H Z T Y$ NU 23
'G %,* ? −
٢−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
.f/ 3* 30 B H B Z B Y$ B )390 I 1
)H,0 &)0 %),* UB QG ;' >1 "a 3
& 2$ » 3' WH ;U31
.( )« T) )3
( >1 Ua U/ & "a 3 & "H M03 % %3, QG 1
. 3( U31 Z ' /(K (0U &1 %;GB %;8 ); UB G( ZA ?3 ' &; %#@ %,B B M &1 OAK3
&)1 :'3 -H f'I % ' U0 0H O 0 0(3; \
&)HB )
%/3 ' * 23'G %,* %0 2H %' 20>
.(i)Y$ H %/3
2) 23' ( 23/ TH WH +2
3A 23#@ 2/3G $ %
;B 1 %
.
)WH &) 2)J( M) ' H Z3 Y$ NU3 %,* ?')G
2)$/ T)H* &); WH( 2/3G ?3' &0 TH* .3' 40'> 4 03$
&W0 O3, +%#
* N0 & N TH B *( / B 23IU B %#@(
. 2/3G WH(
); ( O3,08 ?93 % 23G( 2'D0> ?' 8B 2
3#@ 2/3G j( %
;B &)/0 -3 U &)$B ( N8D03 8 U B & &80 @ 2D ' S
: -) 〈 $γy èy ™
ó ρã ω
)Î $¡
² ø Ρt !
ª #$ #
ß =kÏ 3
s ƒã ω
Ÿ  :-) (i :(J0) 〈 Λ÷ ä è÷ Ü
s Ft ™
ó #$ $Βt !
© #$ #( θ)
à ?¨ $$ ùs 
-)0D "' N8D03 @ %3,0 * +(eki : "() 〈 µÏ /Î $Ψo 9s πs %s $Û
s ω
Ÿ $Βt $Ψo =ù ϑ
dÏ s
y ?è ω
Ÿ ρu $Ζu /− ‘u 
S) O3,0 2$ 30 2/3)8G $ * 3D3 > ( Ol,V 3K # 2
3@
&) 2.0 2/38G $ 83 > "
U 23'G 2$ &1 3 > 2'D0> '
.#( (/ B [#$
B 2
3@ -0, E3 4 I
30 %0;( %3, ` & @ &W ) m O)3,80 %3,80 : &/0 3 &/0 &0 – ((2#)) 2WH (0/0 23 - E3
%W WH C* "' ; 2
3#@ 2/3G %/ $ 1 2, :; &' >
I(B
20 ' -( H8, ( %3 3 3H0 [#$( #$ 0 3 ^3/0
−
٣−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
Z) 3()0 )03 D(0 C* & [#$1 / & / & [#$1 .(6)Z3U
:#-60‫دئ ا‬5‫ن (
ا‬3+‫ا‬
(B m 1 ; E3 m @( 23/ ,0 B ; 2
3#@ 2/3G $ 1
= )1 -, 0 n ?H3AB 1 :; * @ ( 23/ .,B
TH( D TH( E
0 B NU >
8 1 ? ?, , -* T3
.U UG 03 3 ' 2U
); N() )30( (>
= B) ) Y0 &0 &; +@ ( @ 2
3\( 23/
)/U0 -3 - ( -3' W I30> ; N( $ /U0 (f3.) I30>
) U N( ; I30> ; Z C/03 > %4#03 ( @ -U
(=..)
) TB II
/3 Y( /U ( TB Z3A3 Y(( M03 , , > &0 @
.-3
3
M0 UB 2,/ :; 2, :; , 8 0 ( o :; @ 0 (
.(k)@ If 30 #
= 3AH0 23
$$ M; BM
G> o
%)0 ,0 23@ 23J :; 80 23$B j( 2/3G ?
B D ; :_3 j( :; %;B @ 23@ 2/3)G
23U $ B 23A $ ?, 4 " # :!
)G [#$1 2/3)G 23p * $ , & 2A (/ Y$ 2330 $ B
?(/ .23@ % ;U00 %$ %03 0 &0 H D* 4 ..H 4 ?'G ?(/ 3 2@ ?'G
C)0 %3,0 Z &00 2G * M % " & '( '( :$
&) 23'X))G 2)$ B( 2/3X)G ?B D ; .@ 231 %0 B(
> %0D N3 OH O3,0 ( & 4> / q?
R 0 C H, 2G ?>
..3D3 > ( %3' 8 G3
.2)W =(B =, I
30 D & ,3 &, )* +,) -) . :$$
&) ,3 &, -(` -0D -0W( 8/00 @ ?/ 2W
8 f,B 2/3G ?
B ..%3,0 0
−
٤−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
)/ %W, /)* 0 ( 10,) 2 ' 3 :
E3 * 2, ;1 N & %($0p 4 HD* 0 &0( 3.0
..T8 Dp D(
23')G ' %#@ 4 r$ +@ 23#@ 2/3G %0 D :); )(0' %#@ 4' -3' ZUB .2 ` 23'G s$ "0
:&3 ' :; %
;B _#@ -H -3' &( '
-)03p &')G O)3,80 B ")' :; 2, : &5 ( % 54
Y)A )W ); .3D3 > ( @ O3,0 2G S Z [#$1 > [#$@
.._'G O3,0 U & @ 231 %0>
@ "3 ' A
Z "' :; 2, : 18 17
56
&)' =)WH ?(G ?/D =
, 03 B - IU +"A
2 &H
$ϑ
y Ρ¯ )Î  =D)A 3J -( X ;B 3I % %
203 ,93 B - 3
%33 +-03
Iξùs Š7 $ã
t Ÿωρu ø
8 $/t u%ö î
x §Ü
ä Ê
ô #$ Çϑ
y ùs ( !
« #$ Î%ö ót 9Ï µÏ /Î ¨≅δ
Ï &é $! Βt ρu Í ƒ“Ì Ψ‚
Ï 9ø #$ zΝs
ó 9s ρu tΠ$
¤ !#$ ρu sπGt Šø ϑ
y 9ø #$ ãΝ6
à ‹ø =n æ
t tЧ m
y
15 &1 -( &AH 3G ^D/ 2 & NG3 B - ..(6g :"() 〈 Ν
z Oø )Î Ï µ‹ø =n ã
t
9ƒ”Í ∴z
Å Ν
z s
ó 9s ρ÷ &r %n
· θ
à ¡
ó Β¨ $ΒY Šy ρ÷ &r πº Gt Šø Βt χ
š
θ3
ä ƒt β&r ω
H )Î …ÿ µç ϑ
ß èy Ü
ô ƒt Ο
5 ã
Ï $Û
s ’
4 ?n ã
t $Β· § tp Χè ’
¥ <n )Î 
z r
Ç ρ&é $! Βt ’ûÎ ‰
ß `
É &r ω
H ≅%è 
:%/*) 〈 Ο
Ò ‹m
Ï ‘§ ‘Ö θ
à î
x š /− ‘u β
¨ *Î ùs Š7 $ã
t ω
Ÿ ρu ø
8 $/t u %ö î
x § Ü
ä Ê
ô #$ 
Ç ϑ
y ùs 4 µÏ /Î !
« #$ Î %ö ót 9Ï ≅
¨ δ
Ï &é $)
¸ ¡
ó ùÏ ρ÷ &r [
ê
ô ‘Í …µç Ρ¯ *Î ùs
_
B2)03 B , 〈 [_
ô ‘Í  : &; 2/U 28/ + 9G 23a( >0> -U (h
ãϑ
ô ƒs :ø #$ $ϑ
y Ρ¯ )Î 
:&/0 - 〈 [_
ô ‘Í  M, 〈[_
ô ‘Í  3I % B [H %
n Q8G s8 , ..(t5 : ") 〈 Ç ≈Ü
s ‹ø ±
¤ 9#$ ≅
È ϑ
y ã
t 
ô ΒiÏ §
Ó _
ô ‘Í Ν
ã ≈9s —ø {
F #$ ρu >
Ü $Á
| Ρ{
F #$ ρu ç £
Å Šø ϑ
y 9ø #$ ρu
ÿµÏ ΖÏ ≈ϑ
y ƒ)Î ‰
Ï è÷ /t 
. ΒÏ !
« $$ /Î t x 2
Ÿ
Βt  : H, 2,( D 1 2, ,( -03 ' Z3 B
$ » :&(DG %@ 3 ; & .(5i :8) 〈 
Ç ≈ϑ
y ƒ}
M $$ /Î 
B ⌡È ϑ
y Ü
ô Βã …µç 6ç =ù %s ρu νo Ì 2
ò &é 
ô Βt ω
)Î
); , =30 =(' ,3 &0 +:; 23' ' O8, S1 2/3G ZA &'8G
.(t)« =DA u('
B( ;1 & 23
#@ 2/3G 2W' 8,0 $ %,* ..' j( :;
−
٥−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
(T) ?
A &) TH8 WH 3
WH 3( B @ "3 TH WH
W)H 3
) WH X , 3
&1 Q
L TH8 WH TH8 WH &1 '3 3
1 %I#0
.-H ? & v 2U30 2
,3 B ,3 TH8
)/U0 )G* )A* S +%H ( 8/03 3 &#@ S8 (0/3
30 O3,0 2H$ &' &@ 40> N & 03 &/0 23
(/ D & )G(
2)
)1 )3 "1 20> ?
3, &' &( %#
4( 2,0G 2$
..3/(
:‫ن‬39 ‫ة‬#‫ ا‬#‫ﺡ‬
I)330 N()B ) @ TU -( &/0 s
( Y3$0 %` 2$
&
: A 3I 3AH0
#Z ³
| 0o ,
7 =Î ≈z
y ’ΤoÎ )Î πÏ 3
s ×Í ≈¯ =n ϑ
y =ù 9Ï 7
y /• ‘u Α
t $%s Œø )Î  :&/0 :3( &a G( TU -8B m
èπ3
s ×Í ≈¯ =n ϑ
y 9ø #$ ‰
y f
y ¡
| ùs ∩∠⊄∪ 
t ‰
Ï f
É ≈™
y …µç 9s #( θèã )
s ùs r
Ç ρ‘• ΒÏ µÏ ŠùÏ M
à ‚
÷ x Ρt ρu …µç Gç ƒ÷ θ§ ™
y #Œs *Î ùs ∩∠⊇∪ 
& Û
Ï ΒiÏ
β&r 7
y èy Ζu Βt $Βt §
ß Š=Î /ö *Î ≈¯ ƒt Α
t $%s ∩∠⊆∪ 
t Í Ï ≈3
s 9ø #$ 
z ΒÏ β
t %.x ρu u 9y 3
õ Ft ™
ó #$ §
} Š=Î /ö )Î ω
H )Î ∩∠⊂∪ β
t θèã Ηu d
ø &r Ν
ö γ
ß =6 2
à
(6 m6 :s) 〈 “
£ ‰
y ‹u /Î M
à )
ø =n z
y $ϑ
y 9Ï ‰
y f
à ¡
ó @n
’ΤoÎ )Î πÏ 3
s ×Í ≈¯ =n ϑ
y =ù 9Ï 7
y /• ‘u Α
t $%s Œø )Î ρu  :&/0 - &a G( TU & wH -8B m
…µç 9s #( θèã )
s ùs r
Ç ρ‘• ΒÏ µÏ ŠùÏ M
à ‚
÷ x Ρt ρu …µç Fç ƒ÷ θ§ ™
y #Œs *Î ùs ∩⊄∇∪ β
5 θΖã ¡
ó Β¨ *: ϑ
y m
y 
ô ΒiÏ ≅
9 ≈Á
| =ù ¹
| ΒiÏ #\ ±
t 0o ,
7 =Î ≈z
y
.(etmek :U) 〈 t ‰
Ï f
É ≈™
y
§ΝOè $γ
y =¯ .ä u $! ÿo œ
ô {
F #$ Πt Šy #u Ν
z =¯ æ
t ρu  :&)/0 ) -' &a G( TU %8' -8B m
- (g :"() 〈 t %Ï ‰
Ï ≈¹
| Ν
ö Fç Ζ.ä β)Î Ï ω
I σà ≈¯ δ
y Ï $! ϑ
y ™
ó 'r /Î ’ΤÎ θ↔ä 6Î Ρ/ &r Α
t $)
s ùs πÏ 3
s ×Í ≈¯ =n ϑ
y 9ø #$ ’?n ã
t Ν
ö κå Î
y Az ä
t
.(hm :)) 〈 βt $‹u 6t 9ø #$ µç ϑy =¯ ãt ∩⊂∪ z ≈¡
| Σ}
M #$ Y
š
=n {
y ∩ ⊄∪ β
t #u ö )
à 9ø #$ Ν
z =¯ æ
t ∩ ⊇∪ 
ß ≈Ηo q
÷ § 9#$  :&/0
š/• ‘u Α
t $%s Œø )Î ρu &/0 %3,0 O3)G0 '
f AH 3I :; q?V.8 ’ûÎ Ν
ö γ
ß ≈Ψo =ù Ηu q
x ρu Πt Šy #u 
û _Í /t $Ψo Βø § .x ‰
ô )
s 9s ρu  9: (g5 :"() 〈 πZ x ‹=Î z
y Ú
Ç ‘ö {
F #$ ’ûÎ ≅
× ã
Ï %`
y ’ΤoÎ )Î πÏ 3
s ×Í ≈¯ =n ϑ
y =ù 9Ï
+(65 :4@) 〈 ξ
W ŠÒ
Å ø ?s $Ψo )
ø =n z
y 
ô ϑ
£ ΒiÏ 9 %VÏ 2
Ÿ
4 ?n ã
’
t Ο
ó γ
ß ≈Ζu =ù Ò
ùs ρu M
Ï ≈7t ŠhÍ Ü
© 9#$ ∅
š
ΒiÏ Νγ
ß ≈Ψo %ø —y ‘u ρu Ì s
ó 7t 9ø #$ ρu hÎ 9y 9ø #$
−
٦−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
+%a U( 2,# B 3 M @ 8 B m 40( – ' N800
: U C* & 2H3 ,3 %
, ; * +"(' U > ..%3,0 U
4 Y$ NU 3( 2I0 2
3' & 0' C* & O#0> % +s$
:4@) 〈 $ΖY ŠÛ
Ï M
| )
ø =n z
y 
ô ϑ
y 9Ï ‰
ß ∨
ß ™
ó &r u  J( U3 B &(B T3(1 U , T3 H
2H$ -0/3(D 2
33 #
= 8/ +.,B > X B > &3D L , f U %a :U & B E3 (i
$B &1 3/8 W (e :O'*) 〈 & Û
Ï ΒÏ …µç Gt )
ø =n z
y ρu ‘9 $Ρ¯ ΒÏ _Í Ft )
ø =n z
y µç Ζ÷ ΒiÏ × %ö z
y $O Ρt &r  :-
E3 -8, OG TB ; 2#( O3G0 &
$/ &1 W3 % $/
..-3,0( -
, ..-' -8' ..- -3 wH ..:3( %` -89( [
$ &/0 B
Y3$ s
x 2( & = =3 23a & , T3(1 T3 Y($9 C* & -H0
%B B
( 9D N,0 B T3(1 , .〈 t ‰
Ï f
É ≈™
y …µç 9s #( θèã )
s ùs  〈 Πt Šy ψ
K #( ρ‰
ß f
à ™
ó #$ 
.(5)
30 29 & T8 >I> TB ; YA s8
ãΝ3
ä /− ‘u #( θ)
à ?® #$ ¨
â $Ζ¨ 9#$ $κp ‰š 'r ≈¯ ƒt  :&)/0 " "y B " 2
3@ /U %.
M ( :4) 〈 [ $! ¡
| ΣÎ ρu #Z %WÏ .x ω
Z %`
y ‘Í $Κu κå ]÷ ΒÏ ]
£ /t ρu $γ
y _
y ρ÷ —y $κp ]÷ ΒÏ ,
t =n z
y ρu ο; ‰
y n
Ï ≡ρu §
< ø Ρ¯ ΒiÏ /3
ä )
s =n {
s “%
Ï !© #$
%) ), 2
3) H 4J@ 3 3(
; &@ $* "( 3@ B
&)0 $B "8090 " T Yq w ...$/ I330 O31 TU
[( @ &' &/0 %/B , 2
3@ 2, 30 23 =/3U TB &;
Ĩ$Ψ¨ 9#$ †ûÎ µÏ /Î ´
Å ϑ
ô ƒt #‘Y θΡç …µç 9s $Ψo =ù èy _
y ρu µç ≈Ψo V÷ Šu m
ô 'r ùs $G\ Šø Βt β
t %.x Βt ρu &r  5 3 (3@) "3
3D 2(
3D "3 S 2
. B (ee :%/*) 〈 $κp ]÷ ΒiÏ l
8 ‘Í $ƒs 2
¿ §
} Šø 9s M
Ï ≈ϑ
y =è à
— 9#$ ’ûÎ …&ã #é Ws Β¨ ϑ
y .x
$s
[ =Î ≈¹
| ≅
Ÿ ϑ
Ï ã
t 
ô Βt  -)
(D -( %I0 3( %3/ S Z(0 ; 1 n 3 & "/
(#θΡç $2
Ÿ
$Βt 
Ç ¡
| m
ô 'r /Î Νδ
è t _
ô &r Ο
ó γ
ß Ψ¨ ƒt “Ì f
ô Ζu 9s ρu ( πZ 6t ŠhÍ Û
s οZ θ4 ‹u m
y …µç Ζ¨ Vt ‹Í s
ó Ζã =n ùs 
Ö ΒÏ σ÷ Βã θu δ
è ρu 
4 \s Ρ&é ρ÷ &r @ 2
Ÿ Œs ΒiÏ
C)'B ; 1 M
A 2G3/ ",8 "3 >
8 1 3 @ B (t6 :) 〈 β
t θ=è ϑ
y è÷ ƒt
〈 %3
Z ΨÊ
| πZ ±
t ŠèÏ Βt …&ã !s β
¨ *Î ùs “Ì 2
ò ŒÏ ã
t Ú
u t ã
ô &r 
ô Βt ρu  )` = )3D -H 0 z M '
+@ 2, I3 Y($3 E3( 2,0 sH %3, I3I/ - ( M +(eh :-D)
-H -
3 -D' @ /( D &(, u3/ ; 8 Y
$ / 08 −
٧−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
&)' ") 2)
) s M +40 -( %P;3K 3 23
n
)H/ =0 "(/( m 3,G , 1 – (/ "3 sH Y( (0 O)G0
&
< = 5>? ;] : 3(G* E3 & , 2
3'U "(@ N/ &' "{ Z YH
$
)( ..&A "3 :; ,0 #
8 +()
[DE 9 +
< 5 ! C B ? 3A @ ..-)/ )G3/3 3)8 T8 Z0U %B 23..-( %B 23
..23 &;
Ÿ≅™
Å ‘ö &é 
š
%
Ï !© #$ 
£ =n ↔t ¡
ó Ψo =n ùs  :&/0 U 3A %B 23 %B 23
.(e) (i :O'*) 〈 t =Î ™
y ö ϑ
ß 9ø #$ ∅
=n ↔t ¡
ó Ψo 9s ρu Ο
ó γ
Î ‹ø 9s )Î
:‫ى‬6‫ة (
ا ; ا‬#‫ ا‬:‫ﺡ‬
2) )1 &) -0 T3 23@ -0 =, ,3 9( NVD % 1
2)3/ 23. "3 ' 2(J 2 30 &1 ?W T S1 3/(
&')U )30 "), 30 2 0 %3 2 2* G3/0 &0
)/ 3,)G0 )33J0 )3U0 0U> 3,H0 2 2 &1 ~A ZU0
.(g) _ ?3; 4A & %#@ -/$ O $
"3 2 23
#@ 2/3G ? (TH WH) "3 & - @ 2, UB :(0' @ TH 0 %#@ %
0( 3' 40'> %' 2 :; WH @
È≅_
ô &r 
ô ΒÏ  M 3,90 & &/0 .23n 2/ WH /U ( , 23n 2U
23U
Ÿ≅Ft %s $ϑ
y Ρ¯ 'r 6
x ùs Ú
Ç ‘ö {
F #$ ’ûÎ Š7 $¡
| ùs ρ÷ &r §
C ø Ρt Î %ö ót /Î $¡
G ø Ρt ≅
Ÿ Ft %s Βt …µç Ρ¯ &r ≅
Ÿ ƒÏ ℜu ó )Î 
û _Í /t ’
4 ?n ã
t $Ψo ;ö Ft 2
Ÿ
y 9Ï ≡Œs
7
2/3G :; %W'B (ge :") 〈 $èY ‹ϑ
Ï _
y ¨
} $Ψ¨ 9#$ $Šu m
ô &r $! Κu Ρ¯ 'r 6
x ùs $δ
y $Šu m
ô &r 
ô Βt ρu $èY ‹ϑ
Ï _
y ¨
} $Ζ¨ 9#$
& +%' 2/(B OB &' 3I3 ( %/ &1 ?I &0 23@ TH 23 & J(B &) >1 23U G( O>a ( ? 0 (0/3 B & Z0U ZD03 % ?
)G( T)U ")(1 B "0 % 2/ 23/U 3D ' 0 3 (h) thk %'
?)/U 0 s$ / 0 & 23#@ 2/3G ?(UB 3' NV / 23U
) )03 B % T3 , 0 &' :3H0 0( &A %, $ /( 0 &
Ÿωρu  :&/0 - M 3,90 & 9. B( TB &' %#@ ( U3 , O#( 0
(#θΖã Βt #u 
t %
Ï !© #$ $κp ‰š 'r ≈¯ ƒt  :&/0 %. ( :%/*) 〈 ,
dÈ s
y 9ø $$ /Î ω
)Î !
ª #$ Πt § m
y LÉ 9© #$ [
š
ø Ζ¨ 9#$ #( θ=è Gç )
ø ?s
−
٨−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
) (6k :"() 〈 4 \s Ρ{
W $$ /Î 
4 \s Ρ{
W #$ ρu ‰
Ï 7ö èy 9ø $$ /Î ‰
ß 6ö èy 9ø #$ ρu hÌ tç :ø $$ /Î ” tç :ø #$ ( ‘=n F÷ )
s 9ø #$ ’ûÎ É
Þ $Á
| )
É 9ø #$ Ν
ã 3
ä ‹ø =n æ
t =
| GÏ .ä
ÈβŒè {
W $$ /Î χ
š
Ώ {
W #$ ρu #
É Ρ{
F $$ /Î #
y Ρ{
F #$ ρu 
È ÷ èy 9ø $$ /Î 
š
÷ èy 9ø #$ ρu §
Ä ø Ζ¨ 9$$ /Î §
} ø Ζ¨ 9#$ β
¨ &r $! κp YùÏ Ν
ö κÍ Yö =n ã
t $Ψo ;ö Ft .x ρu  :&/0
-3' ?P{ =3' 9 R 03K =1 0 (h :") 〈 É
Ò $Á
| %Ï y
y ρã f
à 9ø #$ ρu 
dÇ ¡
bÅ 9$$ /Î 
£ ¡
bÅ 9#$ ρu
)' & ?$ "3., ?3(D0 M; .- ,{ a = , R -HB QU
K =HB QU
R R
.Y
$ O
%
3B 3G 4H ( ) [C" C" 2 < C,: C" ;: <] : : " '
C
33 B : M ( TB ' . (i) [C C <] : "3I( & 23 &
q?9€ )R9 )3 &
&0 o #B ..#B M( ; / : 3 3U 3( 23U TB
.(6)3U 3( -B C
K &( -( 9 O0' ..3 V P 9 B(
4).9 =)A3B 3G 4H ' ( + ' &' ; $03 %
)3 &) 33$ 4; =(G s/ ( ' ( QI $ s/ ( ' 23>
N)D ( ' 3 3B &1 -,G3 -3' &U %9 D( $ NA (
&)1 )$ NG 3,* ( 9 M,G A &3 N; :- %)W TU -( & &'03 $ &1 2H3 9 2H3 &1 :,G Z IU
=W &(A (' ( &1 GB) ; 1 3 3B 3 :2H3 =(D 23#'
:"G -0 ' &1 ' W 3,* ( 9 N; M31 :,GB 9( -0'0
( NA :- -0 - _,G -U0 %. o=B %0B %0 T %0(/0 &0
N)A3 B 3 3B -31 ND _U -H s0 B /( .M(A , 3,* (
( ' ' YH$ NG , ..N,0 N,0 -;U( -( I0' -H s/ ( '
.(k)3 3B 3 &(A R ?(A :=3H0, s/
X )W &) %0
3)1 %0,( /G T8 B 2
$ :; & 3U0 8 03 ). ‚O>` Z0 ?, .(03 ;,03 3J( %;B VDK3 2= D B &0 %#@
/)G , =B uB ( M
3 # %;3p ' & (,B ; 2. :;
H)
4.' %8GU03 8 G N,3 %W /U 2
3#@ 2
OV, & -0, -8( H
.(t)23p$ =B U0 -0,VG B Z3A3 -8 9( =. " 23 &1 $ 3D
%) )3p % "3 0 % 2 30 & " B( %#@ B −
٩−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
-) -)3 -) 2)$' 4A / 2/ & " 8 - %#@ & &
ª!#$ ¤
| ã
t  :&/0 .-0/ 3 O 3 %3, ` & 4U -A'
t%
Ï !© #$ 
Ç ã
t !
ª #$ /â 3
ä 8γ
y Ψ÷ ƒt ω
∩∠∪ Λ× m
Ï ‘§ ‘Ö θ
à î
x !
ª #$ ρu 4 Ö ƒ‰
Ï %s !
ª #$ ρu 4 οZ Š¨ θu Β¨ Νκå ]÷ ΒiÏ ΝFç ƒ÷ Šy $ã
t 
t %
Ï !© #$ 
t ÷ /t ρu /ö 3
ä Ψo V÷ /t ≅
Ÿ èy gø †
s β&r
∩∇∪ 
t Ü
Ï ¡
Å )
ø ϑ
ß 9ø #$ =
R tÏ †
ä !
© #$ β
¨ )Î 4 Ν
ö κÍ Yö 9s )Î #( θþ Ü
ä ¡
Å )
ø ?è ρu Ο
ó δ
è ρ• 9y ?s β&r Ν
ö .ä Ì ≈ƒt ŠÏ ΒiÏ /.ä θ_
ã Ì ƒø †
ä Ο
ó 9s ρu 
È ‰
dÏ 9#$ ’ûÎ Ν
ö .ä θ=è GÏ ≈)
s ƒã Ν
ö 9s
β&r Ν
ö 3
ä _
Å #t z
÷ )Î ’
# ?n ã
t #( ρã γ
y ŧ
s ρu Ν
ö .ä Ì ≈ƒt ŠÏ ΒiÏ Ο2
à θ_
ã t z
÷ &r ρu 
È ‰
dÏ 9#$ ’ûÎ Ν
ö .ä θ=è Gt ≈%s 
t %
Ï !© #$ 
Ç ã
t !
ª #$ Ν
ã 3
ä 9κp ]÷ ƒt $ϑ
y Ρ¯ )Î
.(t – 6 :20) 〈 β
t θϑ
ß =Î ≈à
© 9#$ Ν
ã δ
è š ×Í ≈¯ 9s ρ' 'é ùs Ν
ö λç ;° θu Ft ƒt Βt ρu 4 Ν
ö δ
è θö 9© θu ?s
(e5) [
E G< 3 DF ;: <] : &( ' s/ ( ' : 3
.(e) [
E G< 3 I ;F A
D : ;: <]
2)3 ; 0( $ 81 -0 & $ ; 8H, [B ;I1 ,3 %
, : 0 U 3J( (Q@ 2
U
K ( B) 3
2\( 23 ,B &80 +2
3 TH8 4((
.(ee)&B
£κÍ Yö =n ã
t “%
Ï !© #$ ≅
ã W÷ ΒÏ 
£ λç ;m ρu &/0 U( 0 "3 & "B %0 9G( B
£κÍ Yö =n ã
t Α
É $_
y hÌ =9Ï ρu  ); -)3' s
B & >
8 1 +U 23 & (eek :"() 〈 ∃
Å ρXá è÷ Rp Qù $$ /Î
óΟγ
ß Ò
Ÿ è÷ /t !
ª #$ ≅
Ÿ Ò
ùs $ϑ
y /Î Ï $! ¡
| ΨiÏ 9#$ ’?n ã
t χ
š
θΒã ≡θ§ %s Α
ã %`
y hÌ 9#$  :&/0 -( ;
2U
:; ،〈 π× _
y ‘u Šy
;ο‰
y n
Ï ≡ρu §
< ø Ρ¯ ΒiÏ /3
ä )
s =n {
s “%
Ï !© #$ Ν
ã 3
ä /− ‘u #( θ)
à ?® #$ ¨
â $Ζ¨ 9#$ $κp ‰š 'r ≈¯ ƒt  :&/0 %. (gh :4) 〈 Ù
< è÷ /t ’
4 ?n ã
t
K5) 5J] : &)( ( :4) 〈 [ $! ¡
| ΣÎ ρu #Z %WÏ .x ω
Z %`
y ‘Í $Κu κå ]÷ ΒÏ ]
£ /t ρu $γ
y _
y ρ÷ —y $κp ]÷ ΒÏ ,
t =n z
y ρu
.(eg) [; E
23@ TH &' 2W( %#@ %0; "3 & @ 23 ;W 3,90 &' 23#> 2/3G ?,B .%303 D3 HD &' 2W( %0;>
H@ 2'A & -( %#@ %0; =3,90 "3 ;B 03 HD
’?n ã
t ρu 4 πs ã
t $Ê
| § 9#$ Λ¨ É ƒã β&r Šy #‘u &r 
ô ϑ
y 9Ï ( 
È ÷ =n ΒÏ %.x 
È ,÷ !s θö m
y 
£ δ
è ‰
y ≈9s ρ÷ &r 
z è÷ Ê
Å ö ƒã N
ß ≡$
t !Î ≡θu 9ø #$ ρu  :&/0 .-3'
׊θ9ä θö Βt ω
Ÿ ρu $δ
y $
Ï !s θu /Î ο8 $
t !Î ≡ρu ‘§ $! Ò
Ÿ ?è ω
Ÿ 4 $γ
y èy ™
ó ρã ω
)Î §
ë ø Ρt #
ß =¯ 3
s ?è ω
Ÿ 4∃
Å ρã è÷ Rp Qù $$ /Î 
£ κå Eè θu ¡
ó .Ï ρu 
£ γ
ß %è —ø ‘Í …&ã !s ŠÏ θ9ä θö Rp Qù #$
-'A1 ' Z00 B % T3 HD 2'A .(egg : "() 〈 νÍ $Ï !s θu /Î …µç 9©
−١٠−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
."G( HD N3$3 M * +#
= . -3(9( =A1
&) 3U( 0; =A3B ( N 3 HD( D T3 23
#> 2/3G %0;
3U ? &1 &AH NA B f * -
B C
/0 2 & ()J) ), -0> ( -
B D(
? 3; 0B ?00 : "3; &(B ' M 3,90 & .-03
a =0 D( &
")p 3U 23 B &A &( &1 $0 D( & 00 U( * ;1
. (eh)0' &' "B 2
3 &A ‚"3 B u('
)B -(( O0/3 > ; "3 & -8 D38( %0;> &' %#@ s ,
-)( 2)3/ -D0 NUB ( +-, & -,0 %' 3 &' &#@ QG
8 NUB % 1 a C/( ' %.@ D %A/( CH ( % 1 3 &' 23H, C -/U
3 C 9L0 ( : D# I :~ 3 .Z3U &' %.@ +B -( %3
.(e ) 3 M, < J 9,) /9L0 3M 9# ( & - -03
` %0 - 2H, =$ =0; %303 23#> 2/3G q?VcB€ :&/0 .%3, ` ?3` 3/ & M -( ;@ A@ %' "3
: %. .(ee5 : "() 〈 Νö 3
ä Ρç ≡θu z
÷ *Î ùs Ν
ö δ
è θÜ
ä 9Ï $ƒs B
é β)Î ρu ( × %ö z
y Ν
ö λç ;° y
Ó ξ
Ÿ ¹
ô )Î ≅
ö %è ( ’
4 ϑ
y ≈Gt Šu 9ø #$ 
Ç ã
t 7
y Ρt θ=è ↔t ¡
ó „o ρu 
!$δ
y θ=è .ä 'ù ?s ω
Ÿ ρu ( Ν
ö λç ;m ≡θu Βø &r Ν
ö κÍ Yö 9s )Î #( θþ èã ùs Š÷ $$ ùs #‰
Y ©
ô ‘â Ν
ö κå ]÷ ΒiÏ Λä ¡
ó Σn #u β
÷ *Î ùs y
y %3
s ΖiÏ 9#$ #( θóä =n /t #Œs )Î 
# L¨ m
y ’
4 ϑ
y ≈Gt Šu 9ø #$ #( θ=è Gt /ö #$ ρu 
:4) 〈 ∃
Å ρXá è÷ ϑ
y 9ø $$ /Î ≅
ö .ä 'ù Šu =ù ùs #Z %)
É ùs β
t %.x Βt ρu ( #
ô Ï è÷ Gt ¡
ó Šu =ù ùs $‹| ΨÏ î
x β
t %.x Βt ρu 4 #( ρç 9y 3
õ ƒt β&r #‘· #‰
y /Î ρu $ù] #u ó )Î
〈 ∩⊇∠∪ Ο
z ‹KÏ ‹u 9ø #$ β
t θΒã Ì 3
õ ?è ω
≅/t ( ξ
.x  : .(t :&A) 〈 ∩∪ ö γ
y )
ø ?s ξ
Ÿ ùs Ο
z ŠKÏ Šu 9ø #$ $Β¨ 'r ùs  : .(i
4’ϑ
y ≈Gt Šu 9ø #$ ρu 
t /Î t %ø {
F #$ ρu 
È ø ‰
y 9Ï ≡θu =ù =Î ùs 9 %ö z
y 
ô ΒiÏ ΟFç )
ø x Ρ&r $! Βt ≅
ö %è ( β
t θ)
à Ï Ζƒã #Œs $Βt š Ρt θ=è ↔t ¡
ó „o  : .(6 :UH)
$ϑ
y Ρ¯ )Î $ϑ
¸ =ù ß
à ’
4 ϑ
y ≈Gt Šu 9ø #$ Α
t ≡θu Βø &r β
t θ=è 2
à 'ù ƒt 
t %
Ï !© #$ β
¨ )Î  : & .(e
: "() 〈 ≅
È ‹6Î ¡
¡ 9#$ 
È ⌠ø #$ ρu 
È 3
Å ≈¡
| Rp Qù #$ ρu
.(5 : 4) 〈 #‘Y $Ρt Νö γÎ ΡÏ θÜ
ä /ç ’ûÎ β
t θ=è 2
à 'ù ƒt
=0 -3' OD/ -03 -03' 3D ' =3 %303( &$B 5) 3 9( 1 ,) ( 1 ] : .23, "3 & - "3 & -03a
5 ( 3 ;(0 ] :=A3B (ei) [9J K) 3 9( 1 ,), 1 /9J
.(e6) [9O 0
%) %0U 4A 3,0 0 3
/03 = IU/ & 3'D ƒ3G
−١١−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
3) &' %#@ C .%3, ^3/ "3 & 3a 2. 230 [5 %5,( /0 Q R 3 3 <] : &( .% / %30 %03'
.(et) [0 S: R 3 3 < S %] : 23 & .(ek)
.%(B &' %( 23/ "IU/ ƒ3G 23' B 23#> 2/3G 4 ,B M( &/0 . ?3( %3' H0 2 &' NU M ' Z3 NB % U3 > 3
!S J T ] : ._#@ Z0U & &'0U> ,0 30 &1
T U( / 〈 Νö κÍ ¦
Å à Ρ&r 
ô ΒÏ 
š
ΖÏ ΒÏ σ÷ ϑ
ß 9ø $$ /Î ’
4 <n ρ÷ &r 
Y <É Ζ¨ 9#$  : 3E J K: / ( 9
.(g5) [C! U( U,( D"7 /DV< + /0 9" 9$,( !D + /1
%)3 ;W 23
(U31 ?I0 -' N08 03 -03 & n &$G %3,0 .-)0;1 -)>1 -9)G ) , Z -0 > II0' W0 &0 /* C/((
GB s3 > % .%3,0 %0; -8 00 29 : ?D'B 23
#> 2/3G
.2(0 = ,0 B (# +%;II'1 3a %0 &' s
8 ) ; @ 3( ;B 23* B "3 (0/3 : %)/0 -)0 )' 23
( (D0{ :U ' B(0 :/( n *
.
j( &/0 2 23 & -, ;W & n 8 ; "3 8 .%#@ W & 23U (0/3 -3' 40' , :U31 & A n T3
)0 I)3U0 Z)G C/( ?, w30 NB & D :0' 8 ; ,
&' ? "3 8 D M B 23( B 2)/ T3 m =3B – &X)03 48 *
@ 3 %;
D ; I3 > ?( B - 8 3 m23
;U & m N* , *
OV)cB z)RU
K &R;c9€ „ =' fW fU 43(* 03 f3., A ? & &08 Z)$ ' NU0 #
= @ "3 ,0 f3., QG / ;
3 > &0 ?p… .G 30 ?B 23*
&' @ &/ #'@ s "3 &' ,8 0 "$/ 3. ?4U %.
2)3H0> ?)$ (g/")) «-$G 2# 23 "3 & ,» : M
&3 "3 & &/3(D 1 ,» -B 233 23 @ 23
&#@ #'@ s (Oi/%) «_H/0 ,G( -03 B IU3 > ;
−١٢−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
)1 , 2H, &; 2(; "3» : 23#1 2J3$( ; &' @ [ );I1 I)U3 > -3' 40' , ; 23 ?/0U * &'
.(g) (Oe/%) «_'G &A0 !D )* ) &)' NU3 ..3U &0 1 , 2/3G & H, "3 2)I# 390 NU Z 40' , ; 23 D$$ 2 W$ Z0U
23'G %,B "' M &' &(3 .O> %' * 4 %/D 4J -A
:$0( ;,
2/D s$( T
$ "3 8 * "
N(* >
8 1 :@ 0 %30 m
( :%/*) 〈 ,dÈ s
y 9ø $$ /Î ω
)Î !
ª #$ tΠ§ m
y LÉ 9© #$ [
š
ø Ζ¨ 9#$ #( θ=è Gç )
ø ?s ω
Ÿ ρu  :&/0 - 2J
M -0, &1 "G@ Z s$ ; 0 2( 2(/ %3, `
$κp ‰š 'r ≈¯ ƒt  :&/0 (6t :"() 〈 =
É ≈6t 9ø {
F #$ ’<Í ρ' 'é ≈¯ ƒt ο× θ4 Šu m
y É
Ä $Á
| )
É 9ø #$ ’ûÎ Ν
ö 3
ä 9s ρu  :&/0 -(
23 NU3 9D 0 Z \ (6k :"() 〈 ‘=n F÷ )s 9ø #$ ’ûÎ É
Þ $Á
| )
É 9ø #$ Ν
ã 3
ä ‹ø =n æ
t =
| GÏ .ä #( θΖã Βt #u 
t %
Ï !© #$
.&U &' "H8 , Z -0. -3' &U fA3/0
&)/0 2(; &; ( ($ =, 23 & ?3 "3 * :! 3 me
2)3U )0> %#@ (0' E3 3' 40'> - 3 # ($ 3 & 2B [
5 KX 9)L ;: ] : B "a & N/ GB -($ N/3
.(ge) [
3 9 YSI"
? )H 1 - 9 v %.@ ?(.3 ( * ' Q ; :; I* 3 mg
.?3 &3 &/0 >1 -3 O$0 IU3 > "3 *
-) 2;@ / Z B ?(.@ )3$G 3( 00> &; :M 3 mh
;5) :: / ( ; ;( L) ,) IJ] :% -3' &$
.(gg) [9 ;: ," W 0 :;: Z; ; /
-)3 N)U 4)0'( f' $ \ % & 3U 0 ; :.* 3 m
.2, 23 -3 NU0 ? %. f3 I 1 23 G' O$ &; "{J
Y3)(0 ?)A» :")' 4)H )H0( : ," 8L, 18 J mi
.«?W
−١٣−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
& 0,0 B 3(/G B 303( 3( 0 /03 ' M :[ 2 K(J m6
30 &' @ &#@ #'@ s M 2B B N/G A B ` A
)(, "
) 2,0H 2* -3 ?
D0 A $' & 2$ 4( ;
M)0H G 2B ;3p 2/G B 2333, B 23.U B 23 B 23
.N 4.B &0 ƒ3G HD* 43(* N3$3 &U@
)3 % 23 &' 4A 30 ", 4/ U %
D ; .(gh):3G0 -3W0 "
$ & >
81
Z)A )n ? "3 23 & 4J 23
#> 2/3G %,B &; :;
), &1 $0 % 230
ZG 2/3G J(0 % &0 23 M0 23H, ?A
0( %3, ` ( &0B 81 23 ?/3G0 B 23 ?3H0> 3. 03'
.2 2/(B OB .,B 2
:=‫ا‬
")3/ :; -31 QU
( :3$ B =.(' -3 % 9( 0/3 @ 1
-)30 '&/)3 f$ -03 B MB O> #A Q3A E(/ -$80
-0D)GB -31 & I,03 E3 D(@ ./(0 -( &03 &
f / 2= 3 :U
> ) )D /( O$00 &0 3 , & -G0 &' " 2D " &1 2H0
(0) 4 ) &1 :W 03 -DJA ,( Z IU03 " .) :)' Z3)A3
. &1 40> E3 N3
:/(
)( 0)$ 23#)@ 2/3)G $ ' "I3U ?1 "I3U' ?431 :
: &3 # s0 @
.@ T* &3 D &; 2
3#@ 2/3G $ 1 m
-) Z)H8 NU( M :$ 30 @ UB #
= $B 4U O3 QG
8 1 me
C* &) O0) -), + &' WH 23/ 23' A -' A
Z
%3)/ -3/0( 2
3/ -0#3;90 - -3 wH 3( 2
3V -03,0( 0/
.%3,
"/ 4'0( 3 &/ 3(D0 & ,3 @ &3 3(D0 1 mg
−١٤−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
?/)G 23' &' $0> G , 30 23$ "3/( %I0# "U
2)3. 2)3(0 23, 23$0 233 :23/0 O;* @ ( "U0
.230 Y$
3) W)H &; 23)A
Y$ ;B ?U &' @ Y$ S
00 mh
&)0 23U Y$ &090 %. WH C/ B WH / WH TH WH
.B B & $0 $ ,0 &0 2330 Y$ %. 2 $ &'0
);B 30 2/3G %/ D@ 3( & 2J( 23;B 2/3G $ 2/ 1m
)0U> &) "@ "' O; I(1 Y3U0 2 2 &' 2/ 23
.D(0>
0> Z 3' 2W) &' s D A9( TH U31 %#@ %W mi
3)U &0 1 , "3 / / &' s$ NUB 3' 40'>
23) 2)39( )G( Q) 41 % TH &' WH ' "A ?W [(B
.2330
N)U9 2)3, )@ "3 WH s$ N C/ WH 1 mk
Z) #)* %3 AB Z ;$ Z$B & 23G( %0 &0 3' WH Q)G
2)( * 23 =WH fU "* %,B & 4H NB _(0 N* D#0
.Z0U & &*
) WH "3 ( 2
3#@ 2/3)G $ ]( %0;> M X , W3
)@ / 2@ * 3( 2(0 ?I0 ?(U (0/0 &0 @ ( &
3
.2'U f @ G 23' "
.% -($ -` &' 3( &' &$
.〈 
š
ϑ
Ï =n ≈èy 9ø #$ >
bÉ ‘u !
¬ ‰
ß ϑ
ô tp :ø #$ ρu ∩⊇∇⊇∪ 
š
=Î ™
y ö ϑ
ß 9ø #$ ’?n ã
t Ν
í ≈=n ™
y ρu ∩⊇∇⊃∪ χ
š
θ
à Á
Å ƒt $Η¬ å
x οÍ “¨ èÏ 9ø #$ >
bÉ ‘u 7
y /nÎ ‘u 
z ≈s
y 6ö ™
ß 
−١٥−
#‫*ﻡ‬%+‫ن ا‬-./ /$0‫ ا‬1/2‫ا‬
:>‫اﻡ‬-?‫ا‬
) ` ) )( )G ")3(' (B : 30 /
; ( 1( &(DG & & ( %3;(1 ()
.6/e tt6 ( : Z3I0 G H' ( D
.i/e /-H $ (e)
%e55 )( : ?)3( 2)3/ N)0, 35\ ( 30\ ": %# (' ( I3I/ (' 3 I' (g)
.t/
.h/ ( $ %#
(' ( 3 I' (h)
)U &)$/ ) )( ) (' ZU 2330 ( %#@ w3G -( 2 2330 ( %3 (' ( B ( )
.g6/t ); gtk D -(
&)H Z)U 2)U 95# 9#57 : A5)* 5 ( & '( 3 ( (' ( Y$ . (i)
.heh : s %e55 m ); hee G' Z( / &#@
4)A3( 2)
3(/ ") 2)(0, )); gke 50 A)* &H #' 28#/ : W (6)
.he : s
m )); heg (k6) )/ 2)* N)0, 2) /5)* 5 ;5: 5)* )J &3 B ..B (k)
.h mh5 : s D 2( 23#@ G O* "I %e55e
.tekt/e /) &(DG %@ (t)
) B ); T3)(1 T) : ) 〈 & Û
Ï ΒÏ …µç Gt )
ø =n z
y ρu ‘9 $Ρ¯ ΒÏ _Í Ft )
ø =n z
y  :&)/0 - & ' (5)
.T33( >
8 1 TG ?(' T3(1 T B : 33 ( ' .T
%#) % ttk m )); hk e D &). )8U 358 ]5 )L 3., ( 3'1 3
' : W
.e6g : s 43H :&)/0 -) ) ); -) :()$ 3I - &' &( 2HG 3( E3 ; & : U ( ()
55 G55 -55 55( /〈 
š
ϑ
Ï =n ≈èy =ù 9jÏ πZ Ηt q
ô ‘y ω
)Î š ≈Ψo =ù ™
y ‘ö &r $! Βt ρu  : -)) 〈 Ν
ö γ
ß 9s M
| Ζ9Ï !
« #$ 
z ΒiÏ π7 ϑ
y m
ô ‘u $ϑ
y 6Î ùs 
g5 / 6 C3 : Z3I0 G 2(3D % e55 D /-
T
R )8  9)3 : ) /〈 t =Î ™
y ö ϑ
ß 9ø #$ ∅
=n ↔t ¡
ó Ψo 9s ρu Ο
ó γ
Î ‹ø 9s )Î ≅
Ÿ ™
Å ‘ö &é 
š
%
Ï !© #$ 
£ =n ↔t ¡
ó Ψo =n ùs  : &)/0 -) & T
(' ( ' (e)
5" 5 '5 )(D )3U )( )
)H/U (B : W .J8( ' 3  9c3R 3 (UB '
"I)3U : 2)'(D )U % e55 D &),80 ) )(' )( )(' : )30 ] -] ;U
.ih/5
)$ )0U# &). )/( /(5 ( #J ( T) - 0L ( 1! - 3(' ' (g)
.&#@ N0, G $1
.h6 : s /) ' &3 B ..B : W (h)
−١٦−
‫أث وو ا ام ا
وا‬
.(h 6) %( /9" 9 ;$ C" ;: Y /) &0U E/G* ( 3 (B ( )
.(h6 g) %( /, ) Y /) & N3/G ( B (' (B (i)
5( `5 15$ Y5 %) (ehg) %)( `* ( 0I Y ( : -3' H0 (6)
.(hh ) %( ;
: )$ %tti D T)(' )1 : )30 5 0I5 ( ( :W (k)
.e5 me5t/ g ( – ?3(
:s ";) : 2)(; 2)(0, ));ghg D /A5)* '5 5( ,) a A O3 . (t)
.g mg5
.(gii) %( 3 R F ;: 3$ Y ( (e5)
.(h6i6) %( F ;: 38 Y & (e)
: 2)/ %tt6 D &5 85L 5 5( 5J &5 5R _3()8G N3D : W (ee)
.e66/h ?3(
.(g) %( A, -( 8) ( K Y 0 " ( &3' (B (eg)
. (it5) %( ," ! " ," ; Y ( : -3' H0 (eh)
.(hhk ) %( ; ( Y Y %
D )J( M)( )B. : )30 5 15! #,) 30\ ( &' (B (e )
.geg :s ?3, : 2(30 ( 2(0, %tkt .(gk5) %( 3 Y 2U ( (ei)
.(g6) %( 9J ) 3 9( 1 1 Y /H N* ( (e6)
.(hth ) %( ( Y (B (ek)
.(e5hh) %( « 3(, OG O/3 » : 23 & (e5hg) %( ( Y 0 (et)
.(egtt) %( + ," A Y ( (g5)
m )); heg (k6) )/ 2)* N)0, 2) /5)* %) ..
&3I ..B (g)
.5g : s D 2( 23#@ G O* "I %e55e
%) ")$ : 2)'(D 4) ));hee D 2( 0 %30 N( 3\ &/G T31 ( (ge)
.(eigk)
.(b4) T 3F)( / ,U( ,: T LE# J Y ( : -3' H0 (gg)
.(cdbe) 3: /L) ,) 9 IJ Y /%
.(O
$0() 5h : s ) ' &3I ..B (gh)
−١٧−