BILIARY TRACT
Study
Population
1817 white male
FF from 24
states.
MA et al. 1998
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Biliary Tract= 10
MOR= 1.1
0.6-2.1
Comments
BLADDER CANCER
Study
Beaumont et al.
1991
Guidotti et al. 1993
Population
3066 San Fran FF employed
b/w 1940-1970
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
Risk estimate
95% CI
5
Rate ratio=
0.57
Comments
Expected rates based upon US
death rates for white males adjusted
0.19-1.35 for age and calendar time
4
SMR= 315.7
86.0-808.3
FF who entered cohort
before 1920
3
SMR=710.0
p<.05
FF with 40-49 yrs of latency
3
SMR=1392.8
p<.05
Only 1 other case of bladder cancer
(1940s). Both time periods were
before widespread use of plastics
and PAHs, PCBs
Cases with greater years of latency
had higher SMRs
Exposure index reflects time during
each year of FF service conducted in
close proximity to fires by each job
classfication. Weights: FF lieutenant
and captain = 1.0, safety or training
officer = 0.2, district chief or
volunteer FF= 0.0.
Sama et al. 1990
FF with 40-49 yrs of latency
and exposure index greater
than or equal to 10.
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
315 white male FF. Used
policemen and statewide
males as ref pops.
Demers et al. 1992
Musk et al. 1978
Aronson et al. 1994
FF 55-74 yrs old
4546 FF employed in Seattle
and Tacoma, WA and
Portland, OR (b/w 19451989)
5655 male Boston FF
5995 Toronto FF
Demers et al. 1994
Obs. # cases
3
SMR=1704.5
p<.01
18
SIR= 1.2
0.7-1.9
26
18
SMOR= 159
SMOR=211
SMOR=219
102-250
107-414
99-484
Relative to statewide males
Relative to policemen
Relative to policemen
Bladder and other
urinary cancers= 2
Genitourinary= 64
Bladder mortality= 7
SMR= 0.23
SMR= 92
SMR= 128
0.03-0.83
N/A
51-263
Relative to US pop
Based on MA males.
Relative to Ontario male pop
BLADDER CANCER
Study
Vena et al. 1987
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Burnett CA et al.
1994
Eliopulas E et al.
1984
Population
1867 white male FF from
Buffalo employed min 5 yrs
w/ at least 1 yr as a FF
FF employed 40+ yrs
FF who died b/w 1960-1969
FF hired before 1930
FF w/ 40-49 yrs latency
FF w/ 50+ yrs latency
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Bladder mortality= 9
Bladder mortaility= 4
Bladder mortality= 7
Bladder mortality= 9
Bladder mortality=5
Bladder mortality= 3
SMR= 286
SMR= 571
SMR= 636
SMR=474
SMR= 453
SMR= 638
130-540
p<.05
p<.05
p<.05
p<.01
p<.01
Compared to general pop
Compared to general pop
Compared to general pop
Compared to general pop
Compared to general pop
Compared to general pop
0.9-1.6
All causes of deaths except cancers
used as reference from same
occupational mortality database
where FF cancer deaths obtained.
MOR=1.3
-
All causes of deaths except cancers
used as reference from same
occupational mortality database
where FF cancer deaths obtained.
SMR= 125
77-200
Relative to US white males
PMR= 99
PMR= 101
70-137
46-193
Relative to all causes in FF
Relative to all causes in FF
SPMR= 1.08
0.29-2.76
Bladder mortality= 48
66 Black male FF from 24
states
Bladder mortality= 1
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Bladder mortality= 17
White male FF from 27
states
Bladder mortality= 37
White male FF <65 yrs old
Bladder mortality= 9
973 Western Australian Fire
Brigade.
Genitourinary= 4
MOR= 1.2
BONES AND JOINTS
Study
MA et al. 1998
Population
1817 white
male FF from
24 states.
Obs. # cases
Risk
estimate
Bones and Joints= 3 MOR= 1.0
95% CI
Comments
-
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where
FF cancer deaths obtained.
BRAIN AND OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM
Study
Population
Beaumont et al. 1991
Guidotti et al. 1993
3066 San Fran FF employed b/w
1940-1970
3328 FF from 2 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Brain and other nervous system= 5
0.81
0.26-1.90
Brain= 3
SMR=146.6
30.3-428.5
SIR= 1.1
0.3-2.9
SMOR= 86
SMOR= 152
34-215
39-592
Relative to statewide
males
Relative to policemen
SMR= 2.09
1.31-3.17
Relative to US pop
SMR= 2.07
1.23-3.28
Relative to US pop
SMR= 2.20
0.60-5.62
Relative to US pop
Brain and nervous tumors= 8
SMR= 3.53
1.5-7.0
Relative to US pop
Brain and nervous tumors= 6
Brain and nervous tumors= 14
SMR= 2.45
SMR= 2.63
0.9-5.3
1.4-4.4
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Brain and nervous tumors= 5
Brain and nervous tumors= 6
Brain and other CNS= 8
SMR= 3.75
SMR= 2.34
SMR= 103
1.2-8.7
0.9-5.1
N/A
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Based on MA males
Sama et al. 1990
2447 FF from Seattle and Tacoma
Brain= 4
315 white male FF. Used
policemen and statewide males as
ref pops.
Brain and other nervous system= 5
Demers et al. 1992
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR
(b/w 1945-1989)
Demers et al. 1994
Musk et al. 1978
FF with 10-19 years exposed
employment
Time since first employment: < 20
years
≥ 30 years
FF mortality by age at risk: 18-39
yrs old
≥ 65 years old
5655 male Boston FF
Petruska et al. 1991
1 31 yr old man with gliobastoma
multiforme
Heyer et al. 1990
2289 Seattle FF from 1945-1983.
Tornling et al. 1994
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
Brain and nervous system tumors
=22
Brain and nervous system
cancers= 18
Unspecified nervous system
tumors= 4
Comments
Case Study of man who
worked at a gas pumping
station for 12 years.
Exposed to PCBs and
developed brain cancer.
1
Brain/nervous system cancer =3
Benign/unspecified, brain=2
SMR= 95
SMR=218
20-279
26-789
Brain =5 (mortality)
SMR=279
91-651
Relative to general
Stockholm pop
BRAIN AND OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM
Study
Population
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
MA et al. 1998
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Brain =5 (incidence)
SMR=137
44-320
FF 65+ yrs old
Brain cancer incidence= 5
SMR= 435
140-1015
FF w/ 30-40 yrs latency
Brain cancer mortality =3
SMR= 507
105-1481
FF exposed to > 1000 fires
Brain cancer mortality= 4
Brain and other nervous system
mortality= 14
Brain and other nervous system
mortality= 6
SMR= 496
135-1270
SMR= 201
110-337
SMR= 283
104-616
Relative to general
Stockholm pop
Relative to general
Stockholm pop
Relative to general
Stockholm pop
Relative to general
Stockholm pop
Relative to Ontario male
pop
Relative to Ontario male
pop
Brain and other CNS mortality= 6
Brain and other CNS= 3
Brain and other CNS= 3
Brain and other CNS= 3
Brain and other CNS= 4
Brain and other CNS= 3
Brain and other CNS= 3
SMR= 236
SMR=375
SMR= 500
SMR= 273
SMR= 494
SMR= 402
SMR= 458
86-513
p<.05
p<.05
p<.05
p<.05
p<.01
p<.01
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
0.8-1.4
All causes of deaths
except cancers used as
reference from same
occupational mortality
database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
3.0-16.0
All causes of deaths
except cancers used as
reference from same
occupational mortality
database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
5995 Toronto FF
FF w/ <20 yrs since first exposure
1867 white male FF from Buffalo
employed min 5 yrs w/ at least 1
yr as a FF
FF employed 20-29 yrs
FF who died b/w 1950-1959
FF who died b/w 1970-1979
FF hired b/w 1940-1949
FF w/ <20 yrs latency
FF w/ 20-29 yrs latency
1817 white male FF from 24 states.
66 Black male FF from 24 states
Brain and CNS mortality= 41
Brain and CNS mortality= 5
MOR= 1.0
MOR=6.9
BRAIN AND OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM
Study
Population
Baris et al. 2001
Grimes et al. 1991
Burnett CA et al. 1994
Brownson RC et al. 1990
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
7789 Philly FF employed b/w 19251986
Brain mortality= 8
SMR= 61
31-122
205 male FF from Honolulu
Brain and other CNS= 3
Risk Ratio= 3.78
1.22-11.71
Caucasian FF
Brain and other CNS= 2
Risk Ratio= 4.15
1.04-16.51
Hawaiian FF
Brain and other CNS= 1
Risk Ratio= 3.60
0.49-26.46
Brain and nervous system= 38
PMR=103
73-141
White male FF <65 yrs old
Brain and nervous system= 19
PMR= 85
52-134
Relative to US white
males
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to all causes in
FF
Relative to all causes in
FF
Firefighters
Brain Cancer
OR= 2.0
0.4-9.6
Relative to white males
with other types of cancer
White male FF from 27 states
BRAIN AND OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM
Study
Population
Carozza et al. 2000
Krishnan et al. 2003
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Firefighters ever employed with no
latency period
Firefighters ever employed with 10
year latency period
Gliomas
OR= 2.7
0.3-26.1
Gliomas
OR= 2.7
0.3-26.1
Firemen with astrocyctic tumors
Gliomas
OR= 3.6
0.4-36.1
Firefighter- longest held occupation
Gliomas
OR= 5.88
0.7-49.01
Firefighter-ever employed
Gliomas
OR= 2.85
.77-10.58
Comments
Controls obtained from
random-digit dialing
Controls obtained from
random-digit dialing
Controls obtained from
random-digit dialing
Controls obtained from
random-digit dialing
Controls obtained from
random-digit dialing
Breast
Study
Demers et al. 1994
Population
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
1
SIR= 2.4
0.1-13.3
Comments
BUCCAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX
Population
3066 San Fran FF employed b/w 19401970
Beaumont et al. 1991
Study
Demers et al. 1992
2447 FF from Seattle and Tacoma
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR (b/w
1945-1989)
Aronson et al. 1994
5995 Toronto FF
Demers et al. 1994
MA et al. 1998
1817 white male FF from 24 states.
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Total= 11
Lip= 2
Tongue= 2
Pharynx= 4
Oral and
pharynx= 11
Oral and
pharyngeal
cancers= 7
Pharynx
mortality= 4
Rate ratio= 1.43
Rate ratio= 6.17
Rate ratio= 1.06
Rate Ratio= 1.17
0.71-2.57
0.75-22.29
0.13-3.86
0.32-3.00
SIR= 1.1
0.6-2.0
SMR= 0.81
0.33-1.66
SMR= 139
38-357
Relative to Ontario male pop
-
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
1.9-18.3
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
Nasal cavity= 2
Lip = 3
MOR= 5.9
Relative to US pop
MOR= 7.6
1.3-46.4
7789 Philly FF employed b/w 1925-1986
Nasopharynx= 1
Buccal cavity
and pharyx
mortality= 19
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
SMR= 136
87-214
Relative to US white males
FF in Engine company only
Buccal cavity
and pharynx= 11
SMR= 200
111-363
Relative to US white males
FF hired before 1935
Buccal cavity
and pharnyx= 10
SMR= 211
113-391
Relative to US white males
66 Black male FF from 24 states
Baris et al. 2001
MOR= 1.2
Comments
Deschamps et al. 1995
830 male firefighters from Paris, France
Pharynx cancer=
2
SMR= 0.81
0.10-2.93
Relative to French males
HEMATOPOIETIC & LYMPHATIC
Study
Population
3066 San Fran FF
employed b/w 19401970
Beaumont et al. 1991
Guidotti et al. 1993
3328 FF from 3 cohorts
in Edmonton and
Calgary
Feuer et al. 1986
271 FF from NJ.
Demers et al. 1994
2447 FF from Seattle
and Tacoma
Sama et al. 1990
315 white male FF.
Used policemen and
statewide males as ref
pops.
FF 55-74 yrs old
compared with
policemen
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Total= 14
Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma= 4
Leukemia and aleukemia= 6
Rate Ratio= 0.65
Rate Ratio= 0.89
Rate Ratio= 0.61
0.35-1.09
0.24-2.29
0.22-1.33
Leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma= 10
SMR=126.5
60.6-232.5
PMR= 1.86
NS
PMR= 1.77
NS
Leukemia = 4
PMR= 2.76
p<.05
Hodgkin's disease= 1
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma=7
Leukemia= 6
SIR= 0.7
SIR= 0.9
SIR= 1.0
0-4.1
0.4-1.9
0.4-2.1
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma= 14
SMOR=159
89-284
Relative to statewide
males
SMOR= 327
119-898
Relative to policemen
Lymphoma= 10
SMOR= 538
Leukemia= 6
SMOR= 112
150-1924 Relative to policemen
Relative to statewide
48-259 males
SMOR= 267
62-1154
Ref group: US white
male
Ref group: NJ white
male
Ref group: white NJ
police
Relative to policemen
HEMATOPOIETIC & LYMPHATIC
Study
Population
4546 FF employed in
Seattle and Tacoma,
WA and Portland, OR
(b/w 1945-1989)
Demers et al. 1992
FF with more than 30
years exposed
employment
Musk et al. 1978
Heyer et al. 1990
Time since first
employment:
≥30 years old
FF mortality by age at
risk:
≥
65 years old
5655 male Boston FF
2289 Seattle FF from
1945-1983.
FF w/ more than 30
years of exposure
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Lymphatic/haematopoietic= 37
Lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma= 7
Hodgkin's disease= 3
Leukemia= 15
Other lymphatic/haematopoietic= 12
SMR= 1.31
SMR= 1.42
SMR= 1.05
SMR= 1.27
SMR= 1.40
0.92-1.81
0.57-2.93
0.22-3.08
0.71-2.09
0.72-2.44
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Lymphatic/haematopoietic= 12
Leukemia= 7
SMR= 2.05
SMR= 2.60
1.1-3.6
1.0-5.4
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
Lymphatic/haematopoietic=27
SMR= 1.48
1.0-2.2
Relative to US pop
Lymphatic/haematopoietic= 19
Lymphatic/haematopoietic= 22
SMR= 1.61
SMR= 63
1.0-2.5
N/A
Lymphatic/hematopoetic cancer= 12
SMR= 126
Leukemia and aleukemia= 7
SMR= 173
Other lymphatic/haematopoietic= 3
SMR= 225
Leukemia= 3
SMR= 503
Relative to US pop
Based on MA males
Relative to US white
65-222
males
Relative to US white
70-358
males
Relative to US white
47-660
males
Relative to US white
104-1470
males
Relative to US white
120-3571
males
Other lymphatic/hematopoietic cancers= 2
SMR= 989
Stockholm FF
employed for at least 1
yr from 1931-1983.
All hematopoietic cancer= 3 (mortality)
SMR= 44
9-127
SMR= 32
Jun-92
5995 Toronto FF
All hematopoietic cancer= 3 (incidence)
Lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue
mortality= 18
SMR= 98
58-156
Lymphosarcoma =3
SMR= 204
42-596
Hodgkin's disease= 1
SMR= 47
1-259
Multiple myeloma= 1
SMR= 39
1-215
Lymphatic leukemia= 4
SMR= 190
52-488
Myeloid leukemia= 4
SMR= 120
33-309
Relative to Stockholm
pop
Relative to Stockholm
pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Relative to Ontario
male pop
Lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue
mortality= 5
SMR= 55
18-129
Relative to general
pop
1867 white male FF
from Buffalo employed
min 5 yrs w/ at least 1
yr as a FF
HEMATOPOIETIC & LYMPHATIC
Study
Population
MA et al. 1998
1817 white male FF
from 24 states.
66 Black male FF from
24 states
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Leukemia mortality= 60
MOR= 1.1
0.8-1.4
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma= 76
MOR= 1.4
1.1-1.7
Hodgkin's disease= 13
MOR= 2.4
1.4-4.1
Multiple myeloma= 28
MOR= 1.1
0.8- 1.6
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma= 1
MOR= 0.8
-
Multiple myeloma= 1
MOR= 0.8
-
Comments
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths
except cancers used
as reference from
same occupational
mortality database
where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
HEMATOPOIETIC & LYMPHATIC
Study
Population
7789 Philly FF
employed b/w 19251986
Baris et al. 2001
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Non-hodgkin's lymphoma= 20
SMR= 141
91-219
Multiple myeloma= 10
SMR= 168
90-311
Leukemia= 15
SMR= 83
50-137
Multiple myeloma= 6
SMR= 231
104-516
Multiple myeloma= 6
SMR= 254
115-568
Leukemia= 4
SMR= 275
103-733
Non-hodgkins lymphoma= 10
SMR= 219
118-407
FF w/ <3323 runs
205 male FF from
Honolulu
Non-hodgkins lymphoma= 11
SMR= 236
131-426
Lymphatic system= 4
Risk Ratio= 0.95
0.36-2.50
Caucasian FF
Lymphatic system= 1
Risk Ratio= 0.66
0.09-4.63
Hawaiian FF
White male FF from 27
states
White male FF <65 yrs
old
White male FF from 27
states
White male FF <65 yrs
old
White male FF from 27
states
White male FF <65 yrs
old
White male FF from 27
states
White male FF <65 yrs
old
Lymphatic system= 2
Risk Ratio= 0.97
0.24-3.84
Lymphatic system= 169
PMR= 130
111-151
Lymphatic system= 85
PMR= 161
129-199
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas= 66
PMR= 132
102-167
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas= 35
PMR= 161
112-224
Multiple myelomas= 34
PMR= 148
102-207
Multiple myelomas= 11
PMR= 136
68-243
Leukemia= 61
PMR= 119
91-153
Leukemia= 33
PMR= 171
118-240
Lymphohaematopoietic= 3
SPMR= 1.88
0.39-5.50
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas= 4
SIR= 1.85
.50-4.74
FF with ≥ 20 years
employment
FF in engine company
only
FF in ladder company
only
FF hired b/w 19351944
Grimes et al. 1991
Burnett CA et al. 1994
Eliopulas E et al. 1984
Giles et al. 1993
973 Western Australian
Fire Brigade.
2865 male FF from
Melbourne, Australia
Comments
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males.
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to other
males from Hawaii
Relative to other
males from Hawaii
Relative to other
males from Hawaii
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
Relative to all causes
in FF
INTESTINE & COLON
Study
Population
Beaumont et al. 1991
3066 San Fran FF employed
between 1940-1970
Time since first employment
3-19 years
20-29 years
30-39 years
40+ years
Length of Employment
3-9 years
10-19 years
20-29 years
30+ years
Guidotti et al. 1993
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
FF with a latency of 20-29 years
and exposure index b/w 1-9
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Intestine except rectum= 24
Rectum= 13
Rate Ratio= 0.99
1.45
0.63-1.47
0.77-2.49
Intestine = 4
Rectum = 2
Intestine = 2
Rectum= 2
Intestine = 8
Rectum = 3
Intestine = 10
Rectum = 6
2.27
2.64
0.45
1.05
1.06
1.04
0.94
1.77
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Intestine = 1
Rectum = 0
Intestine = 4
Rectum= 2
Intestine = 7
Rectum = 6
Intestine = 12
Rectum = 5
0.92
0
1.67
2.19
0.64
1.45
1.22
1.42
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Colon and Rectum= 14
SMR=161.4
88.3-270.9
Intestine and Rectum= 3
SMR=1146.3
p<.01
Comments
Exposure index reflects time
during each year of FF
service conducted in close
proximity to fires by each job
classfication. Weights: FF
lieutenant and captain = 1.0,
safety or training officer =
0.2, district chief or
volunteer FF= 0.0.
INTESTINE & COLON
Study
Demers et al. 1994
Sama et al. 1990
Demers et al. 1992
Firth et al. 1996
Musk et al. 1978
Heyer et al. 1990
Population
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
315 white male FF. Used
policemen and statewide males
as ref pops.
4546 FF employed in Seattle
and Tacoma, WA and Portland,
OR (b/w 1945-1989)
Protective services workers:
males 15-64 yrs old from New
Zealand.
5655 male Boston FF
2289 Seattle FF from 19451983.
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Colon= 23
Rectum= 12
SIR= 1.1
SIR= 1.0
0.7-1.6
0.5-1.8
Colon= 33
SMOR= 120
SMOR= 104
80-182
59-182
Relative to statewide males
Relative to policemen
Rectum= 22
SMOR= 135
SMOR= 97
84-219
50-188
Relative to statewide males
Relative to policemen
Colon= 24
Rectum= 8
SMR= 0.85
SMR= 0.95
0.54-1.26
0.41-1.87
Digestive= 153
SIR (std for age)=
144
SIR (std for age
and
socioeconomic
level)= 148
SMR= 80
110-195
N/A
Relative to US pop
Relative US pop
Used New Zealand male
pop aged 15-64 with full or
part-time employment as
standard.
Used New Zealand male
pop aged 15-64 with full or
part-time employment as
standard.
Based on MA males
Digestive= 29
SMR= 106
71-152
Relative to US white males
Intestine= 7
SMR= 79
32-164
Relative to US white males
Rectal= 2
SMR= 65
8-237
Relative to US white males
Colon= 50
107-191
INTESTINE & COLON
Study
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
Population
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
5995 Toronto FF
1867 white male FF from
Buffalo employed min 5 yrs w/
at least 1 yr as a FF
FF employed 40+ yrs
FF who died b/w 1970-1979
FF hired before 1930
FF hired b/w 1930-1939
FF w/ 40-49 yrs of latency
FF employed 40+ yrs
MA et al. 1998
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
66 Black male FF from 24
states
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Colon mortality= 6
SMR= 85
31-185
Relative to Stockholm pop
Rectum and anus mortality= 8
Colon incidence= 8
SMR= 207
SMR= 90
89-408
39-177
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Rectum and anus incidence= 10
SMR= 170
81-312
Relative to Stockholm pop
Colon mortality= 11
Rectum and rectosigmoid
junction= 13
SMR= 60
30-108
SMR= 171
91-293
Rectum mortality= 7
Colon mortality= 16
Colon mortality= 8
Colon mortality= 9
Colon mortality= 10
Colon mortality= 4
Colon mortality= 7
Digestive cancer= 16
SMR= 208
SMR= 183
SMR= 471
SMR= 220
SMR= 227
SMR= 235
SMR= 265
SMR= 308
83-428
105-297
p<.05
p<.05
p<.05
p<.05
p<.01
p<.05
Colon mortality= 149
Rectum= 27
Colon mortality= 9
MOR= 1.0
MOR=1.1
MOR= 2.1
0.9-1.2
0.8-1.6
1.1-4.0
Relative to Ontario male
pop
Relative to Ontario male
pop
Relative to general pop
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
INTESTINE & COLON
Study
Baris et al. 2001
Grimes et al. 1991
Burnett CA et al. 1994
Orris P et al. 1992
Population
7788 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Rectum mortality= 14
SMR= 99
59-168
Relative to US white males
Colon mortality= 64
SMR= 151
118-193
Relative to US white males
FF ≤ 9 years employment
Colon mortality= 18
SMR=178
112-282
Relative to US white males
FF≥ 20 years employment
Colon mortality= 30
SMR= 168
117-240
Relative to US white males
FF in engine company only
Colon mortality= 33
SMR= 194
138-273
Relative to US white males
FF hired between 1935- 1944
Colon mortality= 28
SMR= 200
138-290
Relative to US white males
FF hired after 1944
Colon mortality= 20
SMR= 160
103-249
Relative to US white males
FF w/ <3323 runs (low)
FF w/ ≥ 3323 & < 5099 runs
(medium)
Colon mortality= 23
SMR= 193
129-291
Relative to US white males
Colon mortality= 16
SMR= 222
136-362
205 male FF from Honolulu
Colon mortality= 5
Risk Ratio= 0.91
Caucasian FF
Colon mortality= 1
Risk Ratio= 0.71
White male FF from 27 states
Rectum mortality= 37
PMR= 148
105-205
Relative to all causes in FF
White male FF <65 yrs old
Rectum mortality= 18
PMR= 186
110-294
Relative to all causes in FF
3084 white Chicago FF
Rectum mortality
PMR= 164
114-230
Relative to US white males
Intestine mortality
PMR= 131
104-165
Relative to US white males
Intestinal mortality= 4
SPMR= 1.59
0.43-4.07
Colorectal= 9
SIR= 1.36
.62-2.59
3084 white Chicago FF
973 Western Australian Fire
Brigade.
Eliopulas E et al. 1984
2865 male FF from Melbourne,
Australia
Giles et al. 1993
Orris P et al. 1992
Relative to US white males
Relative to other males from
0.37-2.20
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
0.10-5.02
Hawaii
INTESTINE & COLON
Study
Population
Deschamps et al.
830 male firefighters from Paris,
France
1995
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Digestive cancer= 5
SMR= 1.14
0.37-2.66
Relative to French males
KIDNEY & URETER
Study
Population
3066 San Fran FF employed
b/w 1940-1970
Beaumont et al. 1991
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
Guidotti et al. 1993
FF with 40-49 yrs of latency
Demers et al. 1994
FF with 40-49 yrs of latency
and exposure index greater
than or equal to 10
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
Demers et al. 1992
4546 FF employed in Seattle
and Tacoma, WA and
Portland, OR (b/w 1945-1989)
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Kidney= 4
Rate Ratio= 0.68
0.19-1.74
Kidney and ureter= 7
SMR=414.0
166.4-853.1
Kidney and ureter= 4
SMR=2129.4
Comments
p<.05
Cases with greater years
of latency had higher
SMRs
Exposure index reflects
time during each year of
FF service conducted in
close proximity to fires
by each job
classfication. Weights:
FF lieutenant and
captain = 1.0, safety or
training officer = 0.2,
district chief or volunteer
FF= 0.0.
Kidney and ureter= 4
SMR=2554.2
p<.01
Kidney= 3
SIR= 0.5
0.1-1.6
Kidney= 2
SMR= 0.27
0.03-0.97 Relative to US pop
KIDNEY & URETER
Study
Delahunt et al. 1995
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
1060 male cases of Renal
Cell Carcinoma from New
Zealand
N/A
RR=3.51
Comments
Controls are males
registered during same
period with active
2.09-5.92 occupational code
RR=4.89
Compared to
occupations of males
with cases of nonurinary tract malignancy
reported to registry over
2.47-8.93 same period.
N/A
RR= 4.69
Compared to
occupations of males
with cases of nonurinary tract malignancy
reported to registry over
same period. Stratified
data by smoking history
2.47-8.93 and age
Kidney mortality =4
SMR= 110
30-281
Kidney incidence =2
Kidney and ureter
mortality= 2
SMR= 36
4-129
SMR= 43
5-156
Relative to Stockholm
pop
Relative to Stockholm
pop
Relative to Ontario male
pop
Kidney mortality= 3
SMR= 130
26-380
Relative to general pop
N/A
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
5995 Toronto FF
1867 white male FF from
Buffalo employed min 5 yrs w/
at least 1 yr as a FF
95% CI
KIDNEY & URETER
Study
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Population
Obs. # cases
1817 white male FF from 24 Kidney and renal pelvis
states.
mortality= 49
Risk estimate
MOR= 1.3
95% CI
Comments
1.0-1.7
All causes of deaths
except cancers used as
reference from same
occupational mortality
database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
Ureter
MOR= 1.0
-
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Kidney mortality= 12
SMR= 107
61-188
FF employed ≥ 20 yrs
Kidney mortality= 10
SMR= 220
118-408
FF hired b/w 1935-1944
Kidney mortality= 8
SMR= 211
106-424
Burnett CA et al.
1994
White male FF from 27 states
Kidney mortality= 53
PMR= 144
108-189
Kidney mortality= 24
PMR= 141
90-210
Giles et al. 1993
Deschamps et al.
1995
White male FF <65 yrs old
2865 male FF from
Melbourne, Australia
830 male firefighters from
Paris, France
Urinary tract= 4
SIR= 1.02
.28-2.62
GU = 2
3.29
.40-11.88
All causes of deaths
except cancers used as
reference from same
occupational mortality
database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to US white
males
Relative to all causes in
FF
Relative to all causes in
FF
Relative to French
males
LARYNX
Study
Beaumont et al. 1991
Demers et al. 1994
Demers et al. 1992
Firth et al. 1996
Population
Obs. # cases
3066 San Fran FF employed b/w
1940-1970
3
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
5
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR
(b/w 1945-1989)
2
Protective services workers:
males 15-64 yrs old from New
Zealand.
13
Protective services workers:
males 15-54 (removed men aged
55-64 to reduce misclassification
bias due to early retirement)
FF aged 15-54
Aronson et al. 1994
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
3
FF aged 15-64
5995 Toronto FF
4
1
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Larynx
mortality= 13
Larynx
mortality= 5
Risk estimate
95% CI
Rate Ratio= 0.80
0.17-2.35
SIR=1
0.3-2.3
SMR= 0.47
0.06-1.70
Comments
SIR w/ age std= 238
Used New Zealand male pop
aged 15-64 with full or part126-409 time employment as standard.
SIR w/ age and SES std= 260
Used New Zealand male pop
aged 15-64 with full or part138-446 time employment as standard.
SIR= 345
Used New Zealand male pop
aged 15-64 with full or part147-682 time employment as standard.
SIR w/ age and SES std= 1348
Used New Zealand male pop
aged 15-64 with full or part254-3991 time employment as standard.
SIR w/ age and SES std= 1074
SMR= 37
MOR= 0.8
SMR= 75
Used New Zealand male pop
aged 15-64 with full or part279-2776 time employment as standard.
1-206 Relative to Ontario male pop
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
0.4-1.3
cancer deaths obtained.
31-181
Relative to US white males
LIVER
Study
Beaumont et al. 1991
Demers et al. 1992
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Population
Obs. # cases
3066 San Fran FF employed b/w Billiary passages,
liver, gall bladder= 9
1940-1970
Time since first employment
3-19 years
0
20-29 years
2
30-39 years
6
40+ years
1
Length of Employment
3-9 years
0
10-19 years
0
20-29 years
2
30+ years
7
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR Biliary passages and
(b/w 1945-1989)
liver cancer= 6
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
Liver mortality= 4
Liver incidence= 4
Liver and bile ducts
5995 Toronto FF
mortality= 2
1867 white male FF from Buffalo
employed min 5 yrs w/ at least 1 yr
as a FF
Liver mortality= 2
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
Liver mortality= 31
7789 Philly FF employed b/w 19251986
Liver mortality= 8
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Rate Ratio= 1.91
0.87-3.63
0
1.84
3.87
0.60
NS
NS
p<.05
NS
0
0
0.91
3.87
NS
NS
NS
p<.05
SMR= 1.19
0.44-2.59
Relative to US pop
SMR= 149
SMR= 85
41-381
23-218
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
SMR= 84
10-305
Relative to Ontario male pop
SMR= 98
11-352
Relative to general pop
MOR= 1.2
0.9-1.7
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
SMR= 82
41-164
Relative to US white males
LUNG
Study
Beaumont et al.
1991
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
3066 San Fran FF employed
Trachea, bronchus, and lung= 60 Rate ratio=0.84 0.64-1.08
b/w 1940-1970
Time since first employment
3-19 years
20-29 years
30-39 years
40+ years
2
12
25
21
0.37
0.71
0.97
0.89
NS
NS
NS
NS
3
5
27
25
0.82
0.63
0.79
0.98
NS
NS
NS
NS
24
Comments
Guidotti et al. 1993
Feuer et al. 1986
Length of Employment
3-9 years
10-19 years
20-29 years
30+ years
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
271 FF from NJ.
Respiratory = 23
SMR=142
PMR= 0.98
PMR= 0.92
PMR= 1.02
Demers et al. 1994
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
Lung, trachea, bronchus= 45
SIR= 1.0
0.7-1.3
Hansen ES 1990
Civil servants and salaried men
aged 15-69 from Denmark. 886
exposed, 47,694 unexposed. FF
contributed 8,625 person-years;
unexposed civil servants
contributed 461,940 person
years at risk.
9
SMR= 163
75-310
SMR=317
117-691
Not break down # obs for each
age category
Sama et al. 1990
FF aged 60-74
315 white male FF. Used
policemen and statewide males
as ref pops.
SMOR= 122
SMOR= 130
87-169
84-203
Relative to statewide males
Relative to policemen
Lung, trachea, bronchus= 71
91.0-211.4
NS
Ref group: US white male
NS
Ref group: NJ white male
NS
Ref group: White NJ police
LUNG
Study
Demers et al. 1992
Musk et al. 1978
Heyer et al. 1990
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Grimes et al. 1991
Population
4546 FF employed in Seattle
and Tacoma, WA and Portland,
OR (b/w 1945-1989)
5655 male Boston FF
2289 Seattle FF from 19451983.
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
95
Respiratory = 70
SMR= 0.96
SMR= 88
0.77-1.17
N/A
Relative to US pop
Based on MA males
FF 65+ yrs old
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
Respiratory= 32
Lung= 29
Lung= 18
SMR= 101
SMR= 97
SMR= 177
69-143
65-139
105-279
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Bronchus and lung mortality= 18
SMR= 90
53-142
Relative to Stockholm pop
SMR= 89
51-145
Relative to Stockholm pop
5995 Toronto FF
Bronchus and lung incidence= 16
Trachea, bronchus, and lung
mortality= 54
SMR= 95
71-124
Bronchus and lung mortality= 633
Pleura= 4
MOR= 1.1
MOR= 1.8
1.0-1.2
-
Relative to Ontario male pop
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
66 Black male FF from 24 states Bronchus and lung mortality= 15
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Lung mortality= 162
FF employed ≤ 9 yrs
Lung mortality= 50
205 male FF from Honolulu
Respiratory system= 18
Caucasian FF
Respiratory system= 6
Hawaiian FF
Respiratory system= 9
MOR=0.8
0.5-1.3
SMR=113
SMR= 152
Risk Ratio=
1.28
Risk Ratio=
1.09
Risk Ratio=
0.96
97-132
116- 201
0.82-2.00
0.51-2.36
0.51-1.79
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
LUNG
Study
Burnett CA et al.
1994
Eliopulas E et al.
1984
Giles et al. 1993
Deschamps et al
1995
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
White male FF from 27 states
White male FF <65 yrs old
973 Western Australian Fire
Brigade.
2865 male FF from Melbourne,
Australia
830 males firefighters from
Paris, France
Lung mortality= 562
Lung mortality= 236
PMR= 102
PMR= 98
94-111
86-112
Relative to all causes in FF
Relative to all causes in FF
Respiratory mortality= 7
SPMR= 1.04
0.42-2.13
Lung= 6
0.77
.28-1.68
Respiratory Cancer= 7
1.12
.45-2.30
Relative to French males
OCULAR MELANOMA
Study
Population
2447 FF from Seattle
and Tacoma
Demers et al. 1994
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
2
SIR=5.2
0.6-18.8
Comments
PANCREAS
Study
Beaumont et al. 1991
Population
3066 San Fran FF employed b/w
1940-1970
Time since first employment
3-19 years
20-29 years
30-39 years
40+ years
Demers et al. 1994
Length of Employment
3-9 years
10-19 years
20-29 years
30+ years
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
FF with 50+ yrs of latency
2447 FF from Seattle and Tacoma
Sama et al. 1990
315 white male FF. Used policemen
and statewide males as ref pops.
Guidotti et al. 1993
Demers et al. 1992
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR (b/w
1945-1989)
Stockholm FF employed for at least
1 yr from 1931-1983.
5995 Toronto FF
1867 white male FF from Buffalo
employed min 5 yrs w/ at least 1 yr
as a FF
Obs. # cases
17
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Rate Ratio= 1.25 0.73-2.00
3
5
7
2
2.85
1.74
1.56
0.38
NS
NS
NS
NS
1
4
7
5
1.64
2.78
1.11
0.96
NS
NS
NS
NS
5
3
6
SMR=155.1
SMR=716.4
SIR= 1.1
50.4-362.0
p<.05
0.4-2.3
6
SMOR= 98
SMOR= 319
42-226
72-1415
14
SMR= 0.89
0.49-1.49
Relative to US pop
Pancreas mortality= 5
Pancreas incidence= 6
Pancreas mortality= 14
SMR= 84
SMR= 119
SMR= 140
27-196
44-260
77-235
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Ontario male pop
Pancreas mortality= 2
SMR= 38
4-136
Relative to general pop
Relative to statewide males
Relative to policemen
PANCREAS
Study
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Giles et al. 1993
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
1817 white male FF from 24 states.
Pancreas mortality= 88
MOR= 1.2
1.0-1.5
66 Black male FF from 24 states
7789 Philly FF employed b/w 19251986
FF w/ ≤9 yrs employment
2865 male FF from Melbourne,
Australia
Pancreas mortality= 5
MOR= 2.0
0.9-4.6
Comments
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where FF
cancer deaths obtained.
Pancreas mortality= 23
Pancreas mortality= 13
SMR= 96
SMR= 233
64-144
136-402
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Pancreas= 1
1.03
.01-5.75
PROSTATE
Study
Beaumont et al. 1991
Guidotti et al. 1993
Demers et al. 1994
Demers et al. 1992
Population
Obs. # cases
3066 San Fran FF
employed b/w 1940-1970
8
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
8
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
66
FF with 20-29 yrs
experience compared to
local county rates
47
FF with 30+ yrs since first
employment relative to
local county rates
60
4546 FF employed in
Seattle and Tacoma, WA
and Portland, OR (b/w
1945-1989)
30
FF mortality by years since
first employment: ≥ 30
years
30
FF mortality by age at risk:
≥ 65 years old
26
Firth et al. 1996
Protective services
workers: males 15-64 yrs
old from New Zealand.
Tornling et al. 1994
Stockholm FF employed
for at least 1 yr from 19311983.
22
Risk estimate
95% CI
Rate Ratio= 0.38
0.16-0.75
SMR=146.1
63.1-287.9
SIR= 1.4
1.1-1.7
SIR=1.5
1.1-2.0
SIR= 1.3
1.0-1.7
SMR= 1.34
0.90-1.91
Relative to US pop
SMR= 1.42
1.0-2.0
Relative to US pop
SMR= 1.46
1.0-2.1
SIR w/ age std= 196
SIR w/ age and SES std= 188
Prostate
mortality= 14
Prostate
incidence= 28
Comments
Relative to US pop
Used New Zealand male
pop aged 15-64 with full or
part-time employment as
123-297 standard.
Used New Zealand male
pop aged 15-64 with full or
part-time employment as
118-285 standard.
SMR= 121
66-202
Relative to Stockholm pop
SMR= 114
76-165
Relative to Stockholm pop
PROSTATE
Study
Aronson et al. 1994
Vena et al. 1987
MA et al. 1998
Baris et al. 2001
Grimes et al. 1991
Population
5995 Toronto FF
Obs. # cases
Prostate
mortality= 16
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
SMR= 132
76-215
Relative to Ontario pop
1867 white male FF from
Buffalo employed min 5 yrs
w/ at least 1 yr as a FF
Prostate
mortality= 5
SMR= 71
23-165
Relative to general pop
1.0-1.3
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where
FF cancer deaths obtained.
MOR= 1.9
1.2-3.2
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference
from same occupational
mortality database where
FF cancer deaths obtained.
SMR= 96
68-137
Relative to US white males
SMR= 236
142-391
Risk Ratio= 2.28
1.28-4.06
GU system= 7
Risk Ratio= 3.02
1.49-6.15
GU system= 4
Prostate
205 male FF from Honolulu mortality= 9
Prostate
Caucasian FF
mortality= 6
Prostate
Hawaiian
mortality= 3
Risk Ratio= 3.52
1.32-9.36
Risk Ratio= 2.61
1.38-4.97
Risk Ratio= 3.70
1.71-8.05
Risk Ratio= 3.35
1.07-10.45
Relative to US white males
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
Relative to other males
from Hawaii
1817 white male FF from
24 states.
66 Black male FF from 24
states
7789 Philly FF employed
b/w 1925-1986
Prostate
mortality= 16
Prostate
mortality= 31
Prostate
FF≤ 9 yrs employment
mortality= 15
Genito-urinary
205 male FF from Honolulu system= 11
Caucasian FF
Hawaiian FF
Grimes et al. 1991
Prostate
mortality= 189
MOR= 1.2
PROSTATE
Study
Giles et al. 1993
Population
2865 male FF from
Melbourne, Australia
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Prostate= 5
SIR= 2.09
.67-4.88
Comments
SALIVARY GLANDS
Study
MA et al. 1998
Population
1817 white male FF
from 24 states.
Obs. # cases
Salivary glands= 3
Risk
estimate
95% CI
1.3
-
Comments
SINUS
Study
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Demers et al. 1994
2447 FF from Seattle
and Tacoma
1
SIR= 2.2
0.1-12.4
Comments
SKIN
Study
Beaumont et al. 1991
Guidotti et al. 1993
Feuer et al. 1986
Demers et al. 1994
Sama et al. 1990
Demers et al. 1992
Tornling et al. 1994
Aronson et al. 1994
Population
3066 San Fran FF
employed b/w 1940-1970
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
271 FF from NJ.
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
315 white male FF. Used
policemen and statewide
males as ref pops.
FF 55-74 yrs old
4546 FF employed in
Seattle and Tacoma, WA
and Portland, OR (b/w
1945-1989)
Stockholm FF employed for
at least 1 yr from 19311983.
5995 Toronto FF
Obs. # cases
7
0
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Rate Ratio= 1.69 0.68-3.49
4
0
PMR= 2.70
PMR= 1.90
PMR= 1.35
9
SIR=1.2
18
SMOR= 292
SMOR= 138
SMOR= 513
170-503 Relative to statewide males
60-319 Relative to policemen
150-1750 Relative to policemen
SMR= 0.98
0.36-2.13
Relative to US pop
SMR= 79
9-287
Relative to Stockholm pop
SMR= 151
49-353
Relative to Stockholm pop
SMR= 73
9-263
Relative to Ontario male pop
11
6
Malignant
melanoma of skin
incidence= 2
Skin (melanoma
excl) incidence= 5
Malignant
melanoma
mortality= 2
0-331.2
p<.05 Ref group: US white males
NS
Ref group: NJ white males
NS
Ref group: White NJ police
0.6-2.3
SKIN
Study
MA et al. 1998
Population
1817 white male FF from
24 states.
66 Black male FF from 24
states
Baris et al. 2001
Burnett CA et al. 1994
Giles et al. 1993
7789 Philly FF employed
b/w 1925-1986
FF w/ ≥ 3323 & < 5099
runs (medium)
White male FF from 27
states
White male FF <65 yrs old
2865 male FF from
Melbourne, Australia
Obs. # cases
Melanoma of Skin
mortality= 35
Other skin= 9
Melanoma of Skin
mortality= 0
Other skin= 0
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
MOR= 1.4
MOR= 1.0
1.0-1.9
0.5-1.9
0
0
-
Skin mortality= 10
SMR=118
64-144
Relative to all whites in US
Skin mortality= 5
SMR= 310
129-746
Relative to all whites in US
Skin mortality= 38
PMR= 163
115-223
Relative to all causes in FF
Skin mortality= 24
PMR= 167
107-248
Relative to all causes in FF
Melanoma= 5
SIR= 1.08
.35-2.53
SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA
Study
MA et al. 1998
Population
Obs. # cases
1817 white male
FF from 24
Soft tissue
states.
sarcoma= 14
Risk
estimate
95% CI
MOR= 1.6
1.0-2.7
Comments
STOMACH & ESOPHAGEAL
Study
Population
3066 San Fran FF employed
Beaumont et al. 1991
b/w 1940-1970
Time since first employment
3-19 years
20-29 years
30-39 years
40+ years
Length of Employment
3-9 years
10-19 years
20-29 years
30+ years
Guidotti et al. 1993
Feuer et al. 1986
3328 FF from 3 cohorts in
Edmonton and Calgary
271 FF from NJ.
Demers et al. 1994
2447 FF from Seattle and
Tacoma
Demers et al. 1992
4546 FF employed in Seattle and
Tacoma, WA and Portland, OR
(b/w 1945-1989)
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Esophagus = 12
Stomach= 22
Rate Ratio= 2.04
1.31
1.05-3.57
0.82-1.99
Esophagus=2
Stomach= 2
Esophagus= 2
Stomach= 2
Esophagus= 5
Stomach= 5
Esophagus= 3
Stomach= 14
5.22
1.31
1.41
0.26
2.34
0.91
1.55
2.32
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
p<.05
Esophagus= 0
Stomach= 2
Esophagus= 2
Stomach= 2
Esophagus= 6
Stomach= 8
Esophagus= 4
Stomach= 11
0
1.56
3.47
1.15
2.10
1.03
1.82
1.67
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
Stomach= 6
Digestive= 20
SMR = 80.9
PMR= 1.45
PMR= 1.11
PMR= 0.91
Esophagus= 4
Stomach= 8
SIR= 1.3
SIR= 1.4
0.4-3.3
0.6-2.7
Esophagus= 6
Stomach= 16
SMR= 0.83
SMR= 1.07
0.30-1.80
0.61-1.73
Comments
29.7-176.0
NS
Ref group: White US males
NS
Ref group: White NJ males
NS
Ref group: White NJ police
Relative to US pop
Relative to US pop
STOMACH & ESOPHAGEAL
Study
Population
Heyer et al. 1990
2289 Seattle FF from 1945-1983.
Tornling et al. 1994
Stockholm FF employed for at
least 1 yr from 1931-1983.
Aronson et al. 1994
FF with >30 yrs employment
FF with <30 yrs latency
FF with 30-40 yrs latency
FF exposed to >1000 fires
5995 Toronto FF
Vena et al. 1987
MA et al. 1998
1867 white male FF from Buffalo
employed min 5 yrs w/ at least 1
yr as a FF
1817 white male FF from 24
states.
66 Black male FF from 24 states
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Esophageal= 1
Stomach= 6
SMR= 44
SMR= 113
1-250
41-247
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Stomach mortality= 12
Stomach incidence= 18
Stomach incidence= 12
Stomach incidence= 5
Stomach incidence= 12
Stomach incidence= 12
Esophagus mortality= 4
Stomach mortality= 7
SMR= 121
SMR= 192
SMR= 289
SMR= 481
SMR= 606
SMR= 264
SMR= 139
SMR= 40
62-211
114-304
149-505
155-1122
313-1059
136-461
38-357
20-105
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Stockholm pop
Relative to Ontario pop
Relative to Ontario pop
Esophagus mortaity= 3
Stomach mortality= 7
SMR= 134
SMR= 119
27-391
48-246
Esophagus= 37
MOR= 0.9
0.7- 1.3
Stomach= 52
MOR=1.2
0.9-1.6
Esophagus= 4
MOR=1.4
-
Relative to general pop
Relative to general pop
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
STOMACH & ESOPHAGEAL
Study
Population
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Stomach= 3
MOR=1.2
-
Comments
All causes of deaths except
cancers used as reference from
same occupational mortality
database where FF cancer
deaths obtained.
STOMACH & ESOPHAGEAL
Study
Population
7789 Philly FF employed b/w
1925-1986
Baris et al. 2001
Grimes et al. 1991
Grimes et al. 1991
Eliopulas E et al. 1984
Eliopulas E et al. 1984
Deschamps et al. 1995
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Comments
Esophagus= 6
Stomach= 24
SMR=56
SMR= 90
25-124
61-135
205 male FF from Honolulu
Digestive system= 18
Risk Ratio= 1.01
0.65-1.57
Caucasian FF
Digestive system= 3
Risk Ratio= 0.70
0.23-2.13
Hawaiian FF
Digestive system= 9
Risk Ratio= 1.17
0.63-2.20
205 male FF from Honolulu
Stomach= 4
Risk Ratio= 0.79
0.30-2.09
Caucasian FF
Stomach= 1
Risk Ratio= 1.17
0.17-8.20
Hawaiian FF
973 Western Australian Fire
Brigade.
973 Western Australian Fire
Brigade.
830 Firefighters from Paris,
France
Stomach= 2
Risk Ratio= 0.76
0.19-3.01
Relative to US white males
Relative to US white males
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Relative to other males from
Hawaii
Stomach= 5
SPMR= 2.02
0.65-4.70
Other digestive cancer= 3
SPMR= 0.88
0.18-2.58
Digestive Cancer= 5
SMR= 1.14
0.37-2.66
Relative to French males
TESTICULAR
Study
Stang et al. 2003
Aronson et al. 1994
MA et al. 1998
Giles et al. 1993
Population
Obs. # cases
269 cases, 797 controls matched
on age and region. 3 controls and 4
cases were ever FF.
Testicular Incidence= 4
5995 Toronto FF
Testes mortality =3
1817 white male FF from 24 states.
2865 male FF from Melbourne,
Australia
Risk estimate
95% CI
OR= 4.3
252
0.7-30.5
52-737
Testis= 1
MOR= 0.6
-
Testis= 2
SIR= 1.15
.13-4.17
Comments
Thyroid
Study
Demers et al. 1994
MA et al. 1998
Population
2447 FF from Seattle
and Tacoma
1817 white male FF
from 24 states.
Obs. # cases
Risk estimate
95% CI
Thyroid Incidence= 1
0.8
0.2-4.2
Thyroid Mortality= 3
MOR= 1.3
-
Comments