1049 About the Authors Chapter C.28 Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL, USA [email protected] Jonathan Almer received the PhD degree in 1998 from Northwestern University. After a postdoc in Linkoping, Sweden, he joined the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory in 2000, where he is currently working as a physicist. His research interests include materials analysis using wide- and small-angle x-ray scattering, particularly performed in~situ under thermal and mechanical loads. Archie A.T. Andonian Chapter D.29 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Akron, OH, USA [email protected] Archie A.T. Andonian has received the PhD degree in Engineering Science and Mechanics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and S.U. in 1978. He joined Goodyear Research in 1984 after teaching for 5 years at the University of Illinois. He is currently a Senior R & D Associate and his research interests are in the general areas of experimental stress analysis, optical methods, fracture mechanics, composite materials, and tire mechanics. He has published more than 250 research papers and has numerous trade secrets proprietary to Goodyear to his name. He teaches a graduatelevel course, accredited by Akron University, at Goodyear Institute of Technology. He is a long-time member of the Society for Experimental Mechanics. He has served the society as Application Committee Chair, Technical Activities Council Chair, Executive Board member, and SEM President for 2007–2008. David F. Bahr Chapter B.16 Washington State University Mechanical and Materials Engineering Pullman, WA, USA [email protected] Dave Bahr received the PhD degree from the University of Minnesota in 1997. He has been at Washington State University since 1997 and is currently a Professor in Mechanical and Materials Engineering. He received the US Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers in 2000 and is active in the area of nanomechanical behavior and experimental deign and testing of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). Chris S. Baldwin Chapter B.14 Aither Engineering, Inc. Lanham, MD, USA [email protected] Dr. Baldwin currently serves as Technical Director with Aither Engineering, Inc. He has over 10 years of experience developing and integrating fiber-optic sensors and systems for various applications. Projects include fiber-optic-based acoustic sensors, fiber-optic accelerometers, embedded strain sensors for composite materials, multipoint strain and temperature sensor systems, and shape sensing systems. Stephen M. Belkoff Chapter D.31 Johns Hopkins University International Center for Orthopaedic Advancement, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, MD, USA [email protected] Stephen Belkoff graduated from Michigan State University in Applied Mechanics (Biomechanics) under the mentorship of Roger Haut in 1990. Prior to joining the faculty at Johns Hopkins University, he was at the University of Maryland. He has taught mechanical engineering courses and conducted orthopaedic research with a primary focus on osteoporosis and fracture fixation for almost two decades. Authors Jonathan D. Almer 1050 About the Authors Authors Hugh Bruck Chapter D.32 University of Maryland Department of Mechanical Engineering College Park, MD, USA [email protected] Dr. Bruck received the PhD degree in Materials Science from the California Institute of Technology in 1995. He is the recipient of the ONR Young Investigator Award, the Fulbright Scholar Award, and the A.J. Durelli Innovative Researcher Award from the SEM. He is author or co-author on over 80 technical publications on materials processing and characterization involving digital image correlation, interferometry, scanning probe microscopy, functionally graded materials, bioinspired structures, and smart structures. Ioannis Chasiotis Chapter B.17 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Aerospace Engineering Urbana, IL, USA [email protected] Ioannis Chasiotis received the PhD degree in Aeronautics from the California Institute of Technology in 2002. He is a member of the faculty at the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His research focuses on the experimental deformation and failure mechanics of thin films, micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS), and nanostructured materials. He is a recipient of an NSF CAREER award in 2008, an ONR Young Investigator Award in 2007, a Xerox Award for Faculty Research in 2007, and the Founder’s Prize from the American Academy of Mechanics in 2000. Gary Cloud Chapter C.18 Michigan State University Mechanical Engineering Department East Lansing, MI, USA [email protected] Gary Cloud is University Distinguished Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Director of the Composite Vehicle Research Center at Michigan State University. He is a Registered PE, Chartered Scientist, Chartered Physicist, Fellow of both the SEM and the Institute of Physics, and is recipient of numerous awards for teaching and research. His research involves development and applications of optical techniques in experimental mechanics. Wendy C. Crone Chapter A.9 University of Wisconsin Department of Engineering Physics Madison, WI, USA [email protected] Professor Crone is an accomplished researcher in the area of experimental mechanics, with expertise in improving fundamental understanding of mechanical response of materials, enhancing material behavior through surface modification and nanostructuring, and developing new applications and devices. She is a Fellow of the University of Wisconsin–Madison Teaching Academy and was granted a CAREER Award by the National Science Foundation. James W. Dally Chapter A.11 University of Maryland Knoxville, TN, USA [email protected] James W. Dally obtained the BS and MS degrees, both in Mechanical Engineering, from the Carnegie Institute of Technology. He earned a Doctoral degree in Mechanics from the Illinois Institute of Technology. Currently he is a Glenn L. Martin Professor of Engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park. He is a fellow of the American Society for Mechanical Engineers, Society for Experimental Mechanics, and the American Academy of Mechanics. He was appointed as an honorary member of the Society for Experimental Mechanics in 1983 and elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1984. Professor Dally has co-authored several textbooks, has written over 200 scientific papers, and holds five patents. James F. Doyle Chapter A.10 Purdue University School of Aeronautics & Astronautics West Lafayette, IN, USA [email protected] Professor James F. Doyle received the PhD degree in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from the University of Illinois in 1977. He joined Purdue University the same year as an Assistant Professor and is currently a Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics. About the Authors Chapter A.3 University of Ljubljana Center for Experimental Mechanics Lubljana, Slovenia [email protected] Igor Emri has made major experimental and theoretical contributions to the understanding of the effect of thermomechanical loading on the time-dependent behavior of polymers in the nonequilibrium solid state, and in the process of their solidification. He is a Member of the Russian Academy of Engineering (1996), the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (1997), the Slovenian Academy of Engineering (1998), the European Academy of Sciences and Arts (2006), and an Associate Member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (2005). Yimin Gan Chapter C.23 Universität GH Kassel Fachbereich 15 – Maschinenbau Kassel, Germany [email protected] Yimin Gan received the BSc degree from Shanghai University of Technology and Science, China, in 1993. From 1993 to 1998 he was an engineer in the field of noise and vibration in the construction of vehicles and Diesel engines at Shanghai Automobile Industry Company (SAIC). In 2002 and 2007 he received the Diploma and PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Kassel in Germany, respectively. Currently he is the leader of the Metrology and Developement Department at Vibtec GmbH, Germany. Prior to joining Vibtec GmbH, he was employed in the Laboratory for Photoelasticity, Holography, and Shearography at the Department of Machine Elements and Construction of the University of Kassel. Ashok Kumar Ghosh Chapter D.35 New Mexico Tech Mechanical Engineering and Civil Engineering Socorro, NM, USA [email protected] Dr. Ashok Kumar Ghosh is an Assistant Professor in Mechanical and Civil Engineering at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. His areas of special interest include the macro behavior of composites, biomechanics, finite element analysis, structural health monitoring, restoration construction materials, and project management. He has completed more than 15 industry-sponsored projects of which the World Bank funded 3 projects. He has been awarded two Indian patents. He has published more than 35 research papers. Richard J. Greene Chapter C.26 The University of Sheffield Department of Mechanical Engineering Sheffield, UK [email protected] Dr. Richard John Greene received the PhD degree in experimental mechanics from The University of Sheffield, UK, in 2003 and is currently a lecturer in solid mechanics at the same institution. His professional interests include thermoelastic stress analysis, thermal nondestructive evaluation (NDE), digital image correlation, and photoelastic stress analysis, with particular emphasis on their use in aerospace and biomechanical applications. Bongtae Han Chapter C.22 University of Maryland Mechanical Engineering Department College Park, MD, USA [email protected] Bongtae Han received the PhD degree in Engineering Mechanics from Virginia Tech in 1991. He is currently a Professor of the Mechanical Engineering Department of the University of Maryland at College Park. His research interest is centered on design optimization of microelectronics devices for enhanced mechanical reliability using various experimental techniques for full-field deformation measurements. He is responsible for development of portable moiré systems (PEMI and SM-NT) and holds related patents. He was a recipient of the 2002 SEM Brewer Award for his contributions to experimental characterization of microelectronics devices. He is a Fellow of the SEM and the ASME. Authors Igor Emri 1051 1052 About the Authors Chapter D.30 Pennsylvania State University Department of Mechanical Engineering University Park, PA, USA [email protected] Aman Haque received the PhD degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2002. He then joined the Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. His research interests are in multiphysics of nanoscale materials and interfaces, nanofabrication, and miniaturization of experimental techniques. He has published over 30 journal papers in these areas. Authors M. Amanul Haque Craig S. Hartley Chapter A.2 El Arroyo Enterprises LLC Sedona, AZ, USA [email protected] Dr. Hartley holds degrees in Metallurgical Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the Ohio State University. After a career in academia and government, he retired to Sedona, AZ, where he continues his professional activities as a consultant in materials research and education. Dr. Hartley is Emeritus Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Florida Atlantic University and Program Manager Emeritus in the Air Force Research Laboratory. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, ASM International, and ASME. Dr. Hartley’s principal research areas are in the mechanics and mechanical behavior of metallic materials. He has made contributions in the areas of dislocation theory and the mechanics of metal deformation processing. Roger C. Haut Chapter D.31 Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories East Lansing, MI, USA [email protected] Roger C. Haut is a University Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University in the Colleges of Engineering and Osteopathic Medicine. He is the Director of the Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories in the College of Osteopathic Medicine. His research in soft-tissue biomechanics deals primarily with the mechanisms of joint trauma, and the development of methods of disease intervention and prevention. Jay D. Humphrey Chapter A.7 Texas A&M University Department of Biomedical Engineering College Station, TX, USA [email protected] Jay D. Humphrey received the PhD degree from The Georgia Institute of Technology in Engineering Science and Mechanics and completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Cardiovascular Science at The Johns Hopkins University. He is currently Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Texas A&M University. He has authored a graduate textbook (Cardiovascular Solid Mechanics), co-authored an undergraduate textbook (An Introduction to Biomechanics Peter G. Ifju Chapter A.4 University of Florida Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Gainesville, FL, USA [email protected] Dr. Peter Ifju is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Florida (UF). Before arriving at UF in 1993, Dr. Ifju performed a Postdoc at NASA Langley Research Center. He received the PhD degree in Materials Engineering Science from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1992, the MS degree in Engineering Science and Mechanics in 1989, and the BS degree in Civil Engineering in 1987. He is an expert in the areas of experimental stress analysis, optical methods (moiré interferometry, luminescent photoelastic coatings), composite materials, and micro air vehicles. About the Authors Chapter A.3 California Institute of Technology-GALCIT 105-50 Pasadena, CA, USA [email protected] Wolfgang G. Knauss, von Kàrmàn Professor of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics at the California Institute of Technology, has been on the faculty there since 1965. His mostly experimental work is devoted to understanding the mechanics of timedependent behavior of materials and, in particular, to the fracture of polymeric materials so as to enable prediction of the long-term failure of structures made from or incorporating time-dependent materials. Dr. Knauss has also been a Visiting Professor at several distinguished foreign universities and a consultant to many companies and agencies. Dr. Knauss received all his academic degrees, including the PhD, from the California Institute of Technology and is a fellow of the ASME, the Society for Experimental Mechanics, the American Academy of Mechanics, and the Institute for the Advancement of Engineering. Albert S. Kobayashi Chapter A.1 University of Washington Department of Mechanical Engineering Seattle, Washington, USA [email protected] Dr. Albert S. Kobayashi has been Professor Emeritus in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, since June 1997. Dr. Kobayashi received the BE degree in l947 from the University of Tokyo, the MS degree in Mechanical Engineering in l952 from the University of Washington, and the PhD degree in l958 from Illinois Institute of Technology. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineers, a Fellow of the ASME, Honorary Life Member of the Society for Experimental Mechanics, and Member of the American Academy of Mechanics. He was the President of SEM for 1989–1990. His publications, which exceed 500, cover the fields of experimental stress analysis, finite element analysis, and biomechanics in addition to his main interest in fracture mechanics. He was elected to the Mechanical Engineering Hall of Fame of the University of Washington in 2006. Sridhar Krishnaswamy Chapter C.27 Northwestern University Center for Quality Engineering & Failure Prevention Evanston, IL, USA [email protected] Sridhar Krishnaswamy obtained the PhD degree in Aeronautics from the California Institute of Technology in 1989. He has been on the faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Northwestern University since 1990. Professor Krishnaswamy is actively involved in the areas of nondestructive materials characterization, optical metrology, and structural health monitoring where he and his co-workers have developed several photoacoustic methods. He is a Fellow of the ASME and a Member of SPIE. He is currently the Director of the Center for Quality Engineering and Failure Prevention at Northwestern University. Yuri F. Kudryavtsev Chapter B.15 Integrity Testing Laboratory Inc. PreStress Engineering Division Markham, Ontario, Canada [email protected] Dr. Yuri F. Kudryavtsev obtained the MS degree in Mechanical Engineering from the National Technical University (KPI), Kiev, Ukraine in 1977 and the PhD degree from the Paton Welding Institute of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in 1984. Dr. Kudryavtsev is a recognized authority in fatigue of welded elements and residual stress analysis. He is a Delegate of Canada for the Commission XIII "Fatigue behavior of welded components and structures" of the International Institute of Welding (IIW) and a member of a number of professional societies. Pradeep Lall Chapter D.36 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Advanced Vehicle Electronics Auburn, AL, USA [email protected] Pradeep Lall is the Thomas Walter Professor with the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Associate Director of the NSF Center for Advanced Vehicle Electronics at Auburn University. He received the MS and PhD degrees from the University of Maryland and the MBA from Kellogg School of Management. He has published extensively in the area of electronic packaging with emphasis on modeling and predictive techniques. Authors Wolfgang G. Knauss 1053 1054 About the Authors Chapter D.34 University of Texas Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics Austin, TX, USA [email protected] Kenneth M. Liechti is a Professor of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at the University of Texas at Austin, where he has been since 1982. Dr. Liechti’s research deals with the mechanics of adhesion and friction over a range of length and time scales. Applications range from primary structural adhesive joints and composite materials to microelectronics devices and micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). He is coauthor with Marc Bedford of the book Mechanics of Materials. He is a Fellow of the Society for Experimental Mechanics, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Adhesion Society, and the American Academy of Mechanics. Authors Kenneth M. Liechti Hongbing Lu Chapter A.3 Oklahoma State University School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Stillwater, OK, USA [email protected] Dr. Hongbing Lu is a Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Oklahoma State University. He received the MS degree in Engineering Mechanics from Tsinghua University, China in 1988, the MS degree in Solid Mechanics at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 1986, and the PhD degree in Aeronautics from Caltech in 1997. He is recepient of the NSF Career award in 2000. His research is primarily on the mechanics of time-dependent materials, including such materials as polymers, biomaterials, and porous nanostructured crosslinked aerogels. Ian McEnteggart Chapter B.13 Instron Buckinghamshire, UK Ian McEnteggart has a physics degree from Birmingham University and works for Instron in the UK. He has been involved in developing both contacting and noncontacting extensometers for use in materials testing. He is currently responsible for electromechanical testing machine operations in Europe and is actively involved with the development of international standards for materials testing and extensometer calibration. Dylan J. Morris Chapter B.16 National Institute of Standards and Technology Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory Gaithersburg, MD, USA [email protected] Dylan Morris received the PhD degree from the University of Minnesota in 2004. He was at Washington State University from 2004 to 2007 working in nanomechanics and MEMS technologies. Dylan is now Project Leader for Nanoindentation Measurements and Standards in the Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Sia Nemat-Nasser Chapter A.8 University of California Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering La Jolla, CA, USA [email protected] Sia Nemat-Nasser is a Distinguished Professor of Mechanics of Materials and Director of the Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials at the University of California (UC) San Diego. He is Founding Director of UC San Diego’s Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program and is recipient of numerous Awards and Medals. He is a Member of NAE, an Honorary Member of World Innovation Foundation, and an Honorary Member of ASME. In 2008 the ASME Materials Division established ’The Sia Nemat-Nasser Early Career Medal’ to recognize research excellence by young investigators. Dr. Nemat-Nasser’s current research is on multifunctional composites with tunable electromagnetic functionality, thermal management, self-healing, and self-sensing; polyelectrolytes composites as soft actuators/sensors; shape-memory alloys; advanced metals; ceramics; elastomers; and granular materials. About the Authors Chapter C.19 Universität Stuttgart Institut für Technische Optik Stuttgart, Germany [email protected] Wolfgang Osten received the BS degree from the University of Jena in 1979 and the PhD degree from the Martin-Luther-University Halle– Wittenberg in 1983. In 1991 he joined the Bremen Institute of Applied Beam Technology (BIAS) where he established and directed the Department of Optical 3-D Metrology. Since September 2002 he has been a Full Professor at the University of Stuttgart and Director of the Institute for Applied Optics. His research is focused on new concepts for industrial inspection and metrology by combining modern principles of optical metrology, sensor technology. and image processing. Special attention is paid to the development of resolution-enhanced technologies for the investigation of micro- and nanostructures. Eann A. Patterson Chapter C.26 Michigan State University Department of Mechanical Engineering East Lansing, MI, USA [email protected] Dr. Patterson’s research interests include computational biomechanics, experimental fracture mechanics, and the application of experimental mechanics in the aerospace industry. He was elected a Fellow of the SEM in 2007 and is a Fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London. He is Chair of Mechanical Engineering at Michigan State University. Daniel Post Chapter C.22 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Blacksburg, VA, USA [email protected] Daniel Post received the PhD degree in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in 1957 from the University of Illinois. He served in government, industry, and academia prior to retirement from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He was instrumental in the development of experimental techniques of stress and strain analysis throughout his career, and their extensive use in solid mechanics and materials science. His developments spanned the fields of electrical strain gages, optical interferometry, photoelasticity, holography, moiré, and moiré interferometry. He completed a comprehensive book (High Sensitivity Moiré) together with coauthors B. Han and P.G. Ifju. Ryszard J. Pryputniewicz Chapter C.24 Worcester Polytechnic Institute NEST – NanoEngineering, Science, and Technology CHSLT – Center for Holographic Studies and Laser Micro-Mechatronics Worcester, MA, USA [email protected] Ryszard J. (Rich) Pryputniewicz, educated both in Poland and in the USA, is the K.G. Merriam Professor of Mechanical Engineering as well as Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and, since 1978, founding Director of the Center for Holographic Studies and Laser micro-mechaTronics (CHSLT) at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) in Worcester, MA. In his work, he emphasizes unification of analytical, computational, and experimental solutions (ACES) methodologies. He is a Registered Professional Engineer (PE), Fellow of the SPIE and the SEM, and Chairman of the Education Committee of the IEEE Nanotechnology Council. He has over 350 publications to his name and has organized over 100 conferences, symposia, and workshops. Rich was appointed as a professor in several countries in Europe and Asia and has received numerous awards including the 2002 ASME International Award and the 2004 Sigma Xi Senior Faculty Research Award. Authors Wolfgang Osten 1055 1056 About the Authors Chapter D.33 Johns Hopkins University Department of Mechanical Engineering Baltimore, MD, USA [email protected] Professor K.T. Ramesh’s research interests include nanostructured materials, high-strain-rate behavior, dynamic failure of materials, biomechanics, and planetary impact. He received his doctorate from Brown University in 1987 and did his postdoctoral fellowship at University of California San Diego. He joined the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at the Johns Hopkins University in 1988, was Department Chair from 1999–2002, and became the Director of the Center for Advanced Metallic and Ceramic Systems in 2001. Authors Kaliat T. Ramesh Krishnamurthi Ramesh Chapter C.25 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Department of Applied Mechanics Chennai, India [email protected] Professor Ramesh is currently heading the Department of Applied Mechanics at IIT Madras. His areas of interest are digital photoelasticity, fracture mechanics, and educational technology. He has developed an e-book on Engineering Fracture Mechanics published by IIT Madras, which mimics the classroom environment. He is a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering and a member of several National and International professional societies such as the SEM, BSSM, OSI, and ISTAM. Krishnaswamy Ravi-Chandar Chapter A.5 University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA [email protected] Dr. Ravi-Chandar is interested in the characterization of deformation and failure of brittle and ductile materials subjected to extreme loads in short durations. The main objectives of this work are to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of deformations and to develop quantitative models for use in engineering design. Guruswami Ravichandran Chapter A.6 California Institute of Technology Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories Pasadena, CA, USA [email protected] Guruswami Ravichandran is the John E. Goode, Jr. Professor of Aeronautics and Mechanical Engineering at the California Institute of Technology. He received the PhD degree in Solid Mechanics and Structures from Brown University. He is a Fellow of the ASME and the recipient of a Presidential Young Investigator award from the NSF and B.J. Lazan award from the SEM. Robert E. Rowlands Chapter C.26 University of Wisconsin Department of Mechanical Engineering Madison, WI, USA [email protected] Professor Rowlands received the BASc degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada and the PhD (1967) degree in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from the University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. He was affiliated with the IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL from 1967 to 1974 and has been at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI since 1974. He has one patent and over 100 publications in experimental mechanics. He is a Fellow of ASME and the Society for Experimental Mechanics. His honors include the Hetenyi (1970, 1976) and Frocht (1987) Awards of the Society for Experimental Mechanics (1982). He is a Registered Professional Engineer and consults to industry, including as a legal expert witness. About the Authors Chapter D.30 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, 2101D Mechanical Engineering Laboratory Urbana, IL, USA [email protected] Taher Saif received the BS and MS degrees in Civil Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology and Washington State University, respectively, in 1984 and 1986. He obtained the PhD degree in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from Cornell University in 1993. Currently, he is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His current research includes mechanosensitivity of single living cells, and electro-thermo-mechanical behavior of nanograined metals. Jeffrey C. Suhling Chapter D.36 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn, AL, USA [email protected] Jeffrey C. Suhling is the Quina Distinguished Professor with the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Auburn University, where he also serves as Director of the NSF Center for Advanced Vehicle Electronics (CAVE). He received the PhD degree in Engineering Mechanics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research concerns studies of reliability, mechanics, and materials issues for modern electronic packaging. Michael A. Sutton Chapter C.20 University of South Carolina Center for Mechanics, Materials and NDE Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia, SC, USA [email protected] Michael A. Sutton is a Carolina Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of South Carolina. A Fellow of both the Society for Experimental Mechanics and the American Society for Mechanical Engineers and a past President of SEM, Prof. Sutton has received numerous honors for both his computer vision developments and applications in solid mechanics and his contributions in ductile fracture mechanics. His current areas of research are experimental and analytical fracture mechanics, 2-D and 3-D computer vision, and numerical methods, with recent emphasis on noncontacting measurements in biological materials. Robert B. Watson Chapter B.12 Vishay Micro-Measurements Sensors Engineering Department Raleigh, NC, USA [email protected] Robert Watson received the BS degree in Engineering Science and Mechanics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1980. He then joined the engineering department at Vishay Micro-Measurements, where he presently serves as Senior Manager in the Sensors Engineering R&D. His professional career has been devoted to the development, production, and understanding of electrical resistance strain gages. He has served as Chairman of the SEM Technical Committee on Strain Gages and of ASTM Subcommittee E28.14 on Strain Gages. Robert A. Winholtz Chapter C.28 University of Missouri Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Columbia, MO, USA [email protected] Robert "Andy" Winholtz received the PhD degree in 1991 from Northwestern University. He joined the University of Missouri in 1991 where he is currently an Associate Professor in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and a Senior Research Scientist at the Research Reactor Center (MURR). Research interests include the use of neutrons and x-rays to study materials. Authors Taher Saif 1057
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