Special Eurobarometer
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
AVIAN INFLUENZA
Fieldwork
March-April 2006
Special Eurobarometer 257 – Wave 65.2 – TNS Opinion & Social
Publication June 2006
This survey was requested by Directorate General Health and Consumer Protection and
coordinated by Directorate General Communication
This document does not represent the point of view of the European Commission.
The interpretations and opinions contained in it are solely those of the authors.
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Table of contents
PRESENTATION ....................................................................................................... 3
1.
HEALTH RISKS LINKED TO AVIAN INFLUENZA .............................................. 5
1.1
Knowledge of human risks of contamination by the virus
5
2. POLICIES IMPLEMENTED TO FIGHT THE SPREAD OF THE VIRUS....................... 9
2.1
Knowledge of EU legislation, institutional structures and general measures
adopted by the European Union to fight the virus
9
2.2
virus
Knowledge of concrete measures adopted by the European Union to fight the
12
3. CHANGES IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR ............................................................. 15
3.1
Declared changes in consumer behaviour
15
3.2
Reasons given for the reduced consumption of poultry products
17
2.3
Planned changes in consumer behaviour
18
4. CONFIDENCE OF CITIZENS IN THE MEDIA AND EUROPEAN UNION PUBLIC
AUTHORITIES ..................................................................................................... 20
CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 26
ANNEXES
Technical note
Questionnaire
Tables of results
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PRESENTATION
The recent spread of the H5N1 strain of the Avian influenza virus1, which erupted in SouthEast Asia in 2003, is the most serious and most international outbreak of its kind ever
reported. Since August 2005, the epizootic, which affects both domestic poultry and wild
birds (mostly water fowl), has spread from Asia to Siberia, Europe, the Middle East and
Africa. The virus does not transmit efficiently to humans, but it has caused around 150
deaths around the globe; the people infected had been in very close contact with infected
birds, mostly backyard poultry flocks or had cared for a family member infected with the
virus.
The virus spread to the European Union in February 2006 through the migration of infected
swans. As at July 2006, it had been confirmed in wild birds in 13 Member States (in
chronological order Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Hungary, Austria, Germany, France, Slovakia,
Sweden, Poland, Denmark, Czech Republic and UK) and in domestic poultry in 5 Member
States (in chronological order France, Sweden, Germany, Denmark and Hungary). Although
there has been a steady decline in the number of cases since April, a number of domestic
poultry farms were infected in Hungary as recently as June. The threat of avian influenza is
therefore by no means over and there is also a likelihood that the virus could re-emerge in
various European countries after the summer, with the new migratory season.
Avian influenza is not a new threat and specific EU legislation is in place detailing the
measures that Member States have to take to contain outbreaks. With the rapid spread of
the virus with migratory birds, an additional legislative framework has been put in place to
enable the competent authorities to react very rapidly.
This legislation sets out rules on monitoring, control and eradication measures that must be
taken in the event of a highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak. It also provides for
preventive vaccination against avian influenza and gives the Commission full flexibility to
adopt ad hoc measures as it is impossible to provide for every possible scenario in advance.
Before being adopted by the Commission, such measures must be agreed on by Member
States within the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health (SCFCAH)2.
The Directorate General for Health and Consumer Protection (DG SANCO) Commissioned the
present Eurobarometer study, which was conducted among 24,693 respondents in
the 25 Member States3, two acceding countries (Bulgaria and Romania), and two
candidate countries (Croatia and Turkey).
This study has three fundamental objectives:
1
2
3
•
To determine the level of knowledge of citizens regarding the health risks linked to
avian influenza;
•
To determine the level of knowledge of citizens regarding policies implemented to
fight the spread of the virus;
•
To obtain a better understanding of declared and planned changes in consumer
behaviour as a consequence of the virus outbreak.
Commonly known as “Bird flu”
http://ec.europa.eu/food/committees/regulatory/index_en.htm
The area of Cyprus not controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus was also included in the survey.
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The report presents the main results of the survey. For each of the themes, results are
analysed in terms of the European average and, if necessary, evaluated at national level.
When necessary, several brief comments are added on the basis of the social-demographic
variables of respondents.4
The study was conducted between 27 March and 1 May 2006 in the 25 Member States,
acceding countries and candidate countries. Media coverage of avian influenza had decreased
when the survey data were compiled and we therefore consider that no particular event that
could have had a significant impact on public opinion occurred during the fieldwork period.
More details about methodology can be found in the Technical Note.
4
In certain cases, as a result of the rounding procedure, cumulative proportions may vary by one percentage point
when compared with proportions for individual categories.
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1. HEALTH RISKS LINKED TO AVIAN INFLUENZA
This chapter analyses the knowledge of citizens of the health risks linked to avian influenza.
1.1
Knowledge of human risks of contamination by the virus
- A majority of EU citizens are well informed about the health
risks linked to avian influenza -
Questionnaire source: QE1
List of statements
Seven statements were used to test the objective knowledge of EU citizens as well as citizens
of the candidate and acceding countries regarding the health risks linked to the avian
influenza virus. Respondents were asked whether they knew that5 :
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
The avian influenza virus cannot be easily transmitted between humans
Even when it is contaminated poultry is not a health risk if it is thoroughly cooked
Humans can catch avian influenza by touching contaminated birds
The vaccination against seasonal influenza is not effective against avian influenza
The avian influenza virus contained in an egg or present on its shell can be eliminated
by prolonged cooking
If a chicken is contaminated by avian influenza on a farm, all the poultry on that farm
must be destroyed immediately
It is not dangerous to eat the meat of a chicken vaccinated against avian influenza
Analysis of results at EU level
Overall, a majority of European citizens are well informed about the health risks linked to the
virus.
However, there are considerable differences in the answers from one statement to another –
the proportion of correct answers varies from 47% to 84%.
European citizens gave the highest proportion of right answers regarding the
destruction of contaminated poultry on farms - 84% of EU25 citizens answered
correctly that if a chicken is contaminated by avian influenza on a farm, all the poultry on
that farm must be destroyed immediately. Moreover, 76% of Europeans correctly replied that
vaccination against seasonal influenza is not effective against avian influenza. A similar
proportion of European citizens (74%) is aware that humans can be infected by the virus if
they touch contaminated birds. The majority of Europeans are aware that they can easily
avoid contamination by cooking poultry meat or eggs before consumption and 63% answered
correctly that even when it is contaminated poultry does not represent a health risk if it is
cooked. A similar proportion (61%) is aware that the virus contained in an egg or present on
its shell can be eliminated by prolonged cooking, while 60% of Europeans also know that the
5
For the exact wording of the question, see graph page 6. Some simplification of the language used had to be done
to allow an easy understanding of the question. This mainly concerns the question on human to human transmission
which is possible but in very specific cases and on the cooking of poultry which has to be thorough meaning at a
sufficiently high temperature for a number of minutes, which is usually done when cooking poultry meat.
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virus cannot be transmitted between humans6. The lowest average in terms of correct
answers was recorded for the last statement, i.e. the potential danger of vaccinated
poultry if eaten7 - only 47% of Europeans answered correctly that it is not dangerous to eat
the meat of a chicken vaccinated against avian influenza.
QE1 For each of the following statements tell me whether,
in your opinion, it is true or false…
Correct answers at the EU25 level
If a chicken is contaminated by avian influenza
on a farm, all the poultry on that farm must be
destroyed immediately (Item 6)
84%
The vaccination against seasonal influenza is
also effective against avian influenza (Item 4)
76%
Human can catch avian influenza by touching
contaminated birds (Item 3)
74%
Even when it is contaminated poultry is not a
health risk if it is cooked (Item 2)
63%
The avian influenza virus contained in an egg or
present on its shell can be eliminated by
prolonged cooking (Item 5)
61%
The avian influenza virus can be transmitted
betw een humans (Item 1)
60%
It is not dangerous to eat the meat of a chicken
vaccinated against avian influenza (7)
47%
Analysis of results by country
A comparison of the various results by country reveals several specificities. Citizens in
France, Germany, Denmark and Belgium seem to be the best informed about the
health risks. Each of those had a high proportion of correct answers for almost all the
statements used in the test. For example, France had the highest proportion of correct
answers for statement 2 (85%) and statement 1 (81%). On the other hand, Spain,
Ireland, Portugal and Italy were the EU countries where the lowest proportion of
citizens gave the right answers about health risks linked to the virus. Each of those
countries had low proportions of correct answers for all the statements used for the test. For
example, relatively low proportions of Spaniards gave correct answers for statement 7 (40%)
and statement 5 (41%).
6
See footnote five
Meat from vaccinated poultry is not harmful for human health as the virus included in the vaccine is killed and
cannot multiply; for more information, consult the following web site:
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/ten_key_facts_about_avian_influenza.pdf
7
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The averages of correct answers for the 7 different statements between polled
countries8 illustrate the previous conclusions, as shown in the graph bellow.
QE1 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it
is true or false…
Average of correct answers for 7 items (QE1.1-QE1.7)
79%
74%
73%
73%
72%
72%
71%
71%
70%
69%
67%
67%
66%
66%
66%
65%
64%
62%
62%
62%
60%
60%
58%
54%
54%
52%
FR
DE
DK
PL
BE
CZ
EL
LU
FI
NL
EE
LT
SI
EU25
SE
SK
HU
LV
CY
AT
MT
UK
IT
PT
IE
ES
63%
CY (tcc)
HR
TR
BG
RO
49%
0%
65%
62%
59%
100%
*The dark blue co lo ur is attributed to co untries affected by the virus (CA V)
The graph shows that the overall level of awareness of citizens is influenced by
whether or not the country was affected by the virus, with the level and type of
contamination playing a determinant role. The countries with the highest level of awareness
are France which reported the first outbreak in commercial poultry, Germany which was very
severely affected with many dead swans in the Isle of Rugen, and Denmark and Poland
which were affected to a lesser extent, but which have borders with Germany’s most affected
regions. On the other hand, the EU countries with the lowest level of awareness are Spain,
Ireland, and Portugal which were not at all affected.
8
A proportion attributed to a certain country in the graph represents the average of the % of the population having
given the correct answers for each of the analysed items.
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Socio-demographic analysis
The analysis of socio-demographic categories reveals a cleavage between different
categories. As would be expected, the occupation and education of respondents has an
important influence on the level of knowledge regarding health risks.
Managers (75% of correct answers on average) and people with the highest level of
education (73%) are the best informed while people looking after the home (62%) and those
who finished their education at the age of 15 (61%) have the lowest average of correct
answers. It is also noteworthy that households with children do not have a considerably
higher level of knowledge than single person households. Additionally, there are no
significant differences regarding the level of knowledge between citizens living in large towns
and those living in villages.
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2. POLICIES IMPLEMENTED TO FIGHT THE SPREAD OF THE VIRUS
This chapter will begin by analysing the respondents’ level of knowledge regarding the
legislation, institutional structures and general measures adopted by the European Union to
fight avian influenza following the outbreaks in 2003 and 20059. Secondly, it will analyse
respondents’ knowledge of concrete measures that countries are supposed to adopt in the
event of an epidemic being reported in their country10.
2.1 Knowledge of EU legislation, institutional structures and general measures
adopted by the European Union to fight the virus
- Citizens seem adequately informed about EU legislation, institutional
structures and general measures adopted to fight the spread of the virus Questionnaire source: QE5
List of statements
Five statements were used to test the knowledge of EU citizens concerning the EU legislative
framework, institutional structures and general measures adopted by the European Union to
fight avian influenza. Respondents were asked to indicate whether they knew that:
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
European legislation exists which stipulates what protection measures must be taken
by national governments in the event of an avian influenza epidemic
The European Union has a committee of veterinary experts
The European Union pays financial compensation to farmers that are obliged to cull
their poultry to prevent the virus from spreading
The European Union has strict controls on poultry imports
There was a major avian influenza epidemic in 2003 in the European Union and it was
successfully contained
Analysis of results at EU level
Overall the percentages of correct answers for the different items at EU level show that
Europeans are quite well informed about the EU legislative framework, institutional
structures and general measures adopted by the European Union to fight the virus.
Strikingly, a low proportion of citizens (29%) knew that there was a major avian
influenza epidemic in 2003.
70% of Europeans answered correctly that the European Union has strict controls on poultry
imports, while 65% are aware that a committee of veterinary experts exists at EU level.
Moreover, 62% of European citizens replied correctly that European legislation was put in
place to ensure that national governments take protective measures in the event of an avian
influenza epidemic. A fairly high proportion of Europeans (58%) is also aware that financial
compensation is paid by the European Union to farmers if they are obliged to cull their
poultry to prevent the spread of the virus.
9
QE5
QE6
10
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QE5 For each of the following statements tell me whether,
in your opinion, it is true or false…
Correct answers at the EU25 level
The European Union has strict controls on
poultry imports (Item 4)
70%
The European Union has a committee of
veterinary experts (Item 2)
65%
European legislation exists which stipulates
what protection measures must be taken by
national governments in the event of an
avian influenza epidemic (Item 1)
62%
The European Union pays financial
compensation to farmers that are obliged to
cull their poultry to prevent the virus from
spreading (Item 3)
There was a major avian influenza epidemic
in 2003 in the European Union and it was
successfully contained (Item 5)
58%
29%
Analysis of results by country
An analysis by country of the results with regard to the various statements reveals several
differences. Slovenia, Greece and Finland are the countries where the highest
proportions of citizens answered correctly all the statements used in the test. For
example, Slovenia had the highest proportions of correct answers regarding statements 1
and 4 (84% and 85% respectively). On the other hand, the United Kingdom, Spain and
Denmark had the lowest proportions of correct answers regarding the different
items. The United Kingdom had the lowest proportion of correct answers as regards
statements 3 and 4 (46% and 55% respectively).
The graph bellow, showing the averages of correct answers of countries for all the
statements, illustrates the above analysis.
Slovenia, Greece and Finland are among the countries with the highest averages of correct
answers reported for the various statements, while Spain, the United Kingdom and Denmark
are the European countries with the lowest averages of correct answers. Contrary to the
previous set of questions the spread of the virus in a country does not strongly influence the
level of the population’s knowledge of broad types of measures implemented by the
European Union to contain outbreaks and prevent imports of contaminated products.
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QE5 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or
false…
Average of correct answers for 5 items (QE5.1-QE5.5)
72%
70%
69%
68%
68%
67%
65%
65%
65%
63%
63%
61%
61%
60%
59%
59%
58%
58%
58%
56%
56%
54%
53%
52%
50%
47%
SI
EL
PL
CZ
FI
SK
HU
DE
BE
CY
MT
LU
FR
LT
EE
LV
EU25
AT
SE
PT
NL
IE
DK
IT
UK
ES
CY (tcc)
49%
HR
BG
RO
TR
49%
47%
45%
66%
0%
*The dark blue colour is attributed to countries affected by the virus (CAV)
100%
Socio-demographic analysis
As was the case for the statements intended to test knowledge of health risks, the
occupation and education of respondents have an important influence on the level
of awareness of citizens about policies adopted to fight the spread of the virus.
Managers (64% of correct answers on average) and those who stayed the longest in full-time
education (64%) are the best informed, while those who finished their education at the age
of 15 (52%) and people looking after the home (50%) had the lowest proportion of correct
answers on average. Neither the household composition nor the respondent’s urban or rural
status have a considerable influence as regards the level of awareness.
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2.2 Knowledge of concrete measures adopted by the European Union to fight the
virus
- Citizens seem relatively well informed about the concrete measures
imposed by the EU on countries Questionnaire source: QE6
List of statements
Six statements were used to test the knowledge of citizens regarding specific measures that
countries are supposed to put in place as soon as an avian influenza epidemic is reported in
their territory and whether these were actually implemented. As in previous questions,
respondents were asked whether they knew that the following measures had been applied in
the EU:
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
Confining poultry within high-risk areas
Banning the importation of live poultry and poultry meat from countries outside the
European Union where the presence of avian influenza has been confirmed (item 2)
Banning live bird fairs/shows in high-risk areas (item 3)
Creating a safety perimeter of 3km and a second of 10km around contaminated areas
(item 4)
Reinforcing disinfection measures in high-risk areas (Item 5)
Systematically culling all poultry on farms where a case of avian influenza has been
detected (Item 6)
Analysis of results at EU level
The overall results show that nearly three-quarters of Europeans (between 71%
and 80%) answered correctly. These proportions demonstrate the high level of
knowledge that respondents have of specific measures and show that the EU
information campaign about measures which had to be put in place by individual
Member States was very successful.
When comparing results for the different statements at EU level, it is noteworthy
that the highest proportions of Europeans answered correctly that disinfection
measures must be reinforced in high-risk areas and that poultry on farms where a
case of avian influenza has been detected must be systematically culled (80% of
correct answers). Similar proportions of European citizens said correctly that imports of
live poultry and poultry meat coming from non European Union countries where the presence
of the virus has been confirmed are banned (78%) and that poultry must be confined in
high-risk areas (77%). Moreover, 75% of Europeans rightly declared that live bird fairs or
shows are banned in high-risk areas. The lowest proportion of correct answers was
noted for the statement regarding the exact perimeters which must be created
around contaminated areas (71%).
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QE.6 For each of the following measures, tell me
whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the
European Union.
Correct answers at the EU25 level
Reinforcing disinfection measures in
high-risk areas (Item 5)
80%
Systematically culling all poultry on
farms where a case of avian Influenza
has been detected (Item 6)
80%
Banning the importation of live poultry
and poultry meat from countries
outside the European Union where the
presence of avian Influenza has been
confirmed (Item 2)
78%
C onfining poultry within high-risk
areas (Item 1)
77%
Banning live bird fairs\ shows in highrisk areas (Item 3)
C reating a safety perimeter of 3km
and a second of 10km around
contaminated areas (Item 4)
75%
71%
Analysis of results by country
A comparison of the correct answers for the various statements reveals important differences
between countries. At EU level, Germany, Slovenia and the Czech Republic have
particularly high proportions of correct answers for the majority of statements. For
example, among the EU countries, Germany has the highest proportions of correct answers
for statements 2 and 6 (90% and 92% respectively). On the other hand, among the
Member States, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom have the lowest proportions of
correct answers for the majority of statements. As an example, Italy was the EU
country with the lowest proportions of correct answers for statements 1, 3, 4 and 5.
The graph bellow, showing the averages of correct answers per country for all the
statements taken together, illustrates the above analysis. On the implementation of concrete
measures, the population in countries affected by the virus is clearly much better informed
than that in countries without outbreaks, with the exception of Italy and UK (where the virus
appeared late and was seen as an exceptional event).
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QE6 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your
opinion, it is already applied in the European Union.
Average of correct answers for 6 items (QE6.1-QE6.6)
88%
88%
86%
86%
85%
85%
84%
84%
84%
84%
84%
83%
82%
81%
79%
78%
78%
78%
77%
77%
75%
72%
70%
67%
64%
59%
DE
SI
CZ
BE
FR
EL
DK
HU
SK
PL
LU
FI
NL
PT
AT
LT
EE
SE
EU25
MT
CY
LV
IE
UK
ES
IT
66%
CY (tcc)
HR
RO
BG
TR
60%
74%
71%
0%
88%
100%
*The dark blue colour is attributed to countries affected by the virus (C AV)
Socio-demographic analysis
The same patterns as those observed in the previous knowledge-testing questions for sociodemographic variables remain valid here: the longer people studied the better informed they
seem to be; the higher their professional status, the better their knowledge.
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3. CHANGES IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
This section will begin by analysing “declared” changes in consumer behaviour based on the
results of the study. Three statements were used to assess how respondents have modified
their consumption behaviour on the basis of their declarations, concerning notably their
consumption of poultry meat, eggs and egg-based products compared with 6 months earlier.
Secondly, the various reasons which led respondents to change their consumption behaviour
will be examined, as well as their intentions whether or not to continue to eat less poultry
meat. Finally, declared changes will be compared with actual changes, as measured by
external data on consumption changes.
3.1
Declared changes in consumer behaviour
- 20% of EU citizens are eating less poultry meat -
Questionnaire source: QE2
Analysis of results at EU level
Generally speaking, approximately 1 citizen in 5 declare that he/she has reduced
his/her consumption of poultry meat and 1 citizen in 8 reduced his/her
consumption of eggs and egg-based products in the EU.
QE2 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether
you eat more or less or just as much…?
EU25, Response "Less"
18%
Poultry
Eggs
Egg-based
products
13%
12%
The large majority of EU citizens have not changed their consumption habits: more
than three-quarters of EU25 citizens (78%) declared that they have not decreased their
consumption of poultry meat11. Moreover, 83% of Europeans declared they had not changed
the number of eggs that they eat12 and 85% of EU25 citizens declared that they eat the
same quantity of egg-based products as six months earlier13.
11
12
13
QE2.1 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much… Poultry meat?
QE2.2 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much… Eggs?
QE2.3 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much… Egg-based
products?
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Analysis of results by country
A comparison of the decrease in consumption for all three of the products analysed reveals
that Turkey, Greece, Austria, Italy and Cyprus have the highest proportions of citizens who
declared that they had reduced their consumption. In contrast, Sweden, the Netherlands, the
United Kingdom and France have the lowest proportions of respondents who declared that
they ate less of the three products. The graph below compares the declared reductions in
consumption of one of selected products – poultry meat. This graph also shows that the
three countries with the highest proportions of the population declaring that they
eat less poultry meat have all been affected by the virus (Turkey with 58% of citizens
who declared that they had reduced their consumption of poultry meat, Greece with 45%
and Italy with 38%).
It is interesting to note that the poultry markets started to be affected by a lack of consumer
confidence in several Member States from February according to national sources. However,
markets recovered progressively from April. The % of the population that declared that they
were eating less poultry meat is roughly in line with those provided by national sources,
taking into account the slight differences in timing (in March, poultry market experts
witnessed a decrease of 50% in consumption in Greece and Italy, 30% in France, Cyprus and
Austria, 20% in Germany, Ireland and Slovenia, and a slight decline in most other countries).
QE2.1 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you
eat more or less or just as much…poultry meat?
Response "Less"
EL
IT
CY
AT
IE
LU
MT
23%
23%
23%
20%
20%
18%
18%
18%
16%
16%
16%
15%
13%
13%
12%
11%
10%
10%
10%
10%
9%
7%
BE
DE
EE
EU25
PT
HU
LT
SI
CZ
ES
FI
LV
DK
FR
PL
SK
UK
NL
SE
38%
33%
32%
45%
41%
CY (tcc)
58%
TR
HR
RO
BG
9%
20%
15%
0%
100%
*The dark blue co lo ur is attributed to co untries affected by the virus (CA V)
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The comparative analysis between statements also shows that a relative majority
of citizens in all countries polled except Turkey declared that they had not changed
their consumption behaviour in the six months before the poll. Reported cases of
human deaths in Turkey can probably explain this exception. An absolute majority in this
country declared a decrease in their consumption of poultry meat (58%) as well as eggs and
egg-based products (53%).
Socio-demographic analysis
There are also several noticeable socio-demographic differences. Occupation, education and
subjective urbanisation are all strong influencing factors. In fact, for all the statements
(E2.1-E2.3) respondents who finished their education at a young age and people looking
after the home were slightly more inclined to reduce their consumption than highly educated
people. This is quite logical, as we observed previously that the same categories have the
lowest level of knowledge about health risks linked to the virus and about policies launched
to fight the virus.
3.2
Reasons given for the reduced consumption of poultry products
- The majority of EU25 citizens that reduced their consumption did not perceive a
real danger but were motivated by precaution Questionnaire source: QE4
Analysis of results at EU level
Respondents who declared that they had reduced their consumption of poultry meat (18% in
the EU25) were asked to specify why they had done this14. A relative majority of this
group (48%, which represents 9% of all EU25 citizens) were aware of a potential
risk but, as they were unable to measure it, they preferred to adopt a cautious
attitude.
Only 15% of this group (3% of all EU25 citizens) were convinced that the risk of
eating poultry meat was real. On the other hand, 28% (5% of all EU25 citizens) believed
there was no real risk involved in eating poultry meat, even though they decided to eat less.
14
QE4 Which of the following reasons is the one that most explains your decision to eat less poultry meat?
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QE4 Which of the following reasons is the one that most explains
your decision to eat less poultry meat?
Yo u are co nvinced that it
is dangero us to eat
po ultry meat at the
present time,
15 %
EU25
Other
(SP ONTA NEOUS),
17 %
With everything o ne
hears at the present time,
yo u no lo nger want to eat
po ultry meat, but yo u do
no t think that there is any
real risk,
28%
DK,
6%
A s yo u do no really kno w
whether o r no t it is a
health risk, as a
precautio n yo u prefer no t
to eat po ultry meat,
48%
S a m ple : Respo ndents who declared to have reduced their co nsumptio n o f po ultry meat
Socio-demographic analysis
A socio-demographic analysis shows that education and occupation are differentiating
factors, as people looking after the home (21%) together with respondents who finished
their studies at the age of 15 (19%) have a greater perception of the existence of a real
danger of eating poultry meat than managers and highly educated persons (10% both
groups).
2.3
Planned changes in consumer behaviour
- EU citizens expect their consumption of poultry meat to increase again -
Questionnaire source: QE3
The same group of respondents who declared that they had reduced their consumption of
poultry meat were asked to specify if they had done so temporarily or if they intended to
continue to eat less poultry meat15.
Analysis of results at EU level
Results show that more than three-quarters (76%) of the above group (14% of all
EU25 citizens) perceived this change as temporary, while 13% (2% of all EU25
citizens) declared they had reduced their consumption of poultry meat for ever.
15
QE3 Would you say that you intend to eat less poultry meat for ever or only on a temporary basis?
- 18 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE3 Would you say that you intend to eat less
poultry meat for ever or only on a temporary
basis?
For ever,
13%
EU25
Only on a
temporary
basis,
76%
DK,
11%
S a m ple : Respo ndents who declared to have reduced their co nsumptio n o f po ultry meat
- 19 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
4. CONFIDENCE OF CITIZENS IN THE MEDIA AND EUROPEAN UNION
PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
- Citizens believe strongly in media transparency when providing information
about avian influenza and in the desire of public authorities in the EU to
protect the health of European Union citizens -
Three statements were used to test the level of confidence of citizens in the countries polled
in the media and public authorities. Respondents were asked to give their opinion on the
following statements:
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
The media disseminate clear information on avian influenza
The European Union public authorities tell everything they know about avian influenza
The main concern of the European Union public authorities is the health of European
Union citizens
Questionnaire source: QE7.1
Analysis of results at EU level
The majority of European citizens (60%) agreed that information about avian
influenza disseminated by the media is clear. On the other hand, there is more that 1
European in 3 who thinks that information was unclear.
QE7.1 For each of the following statements, tell me
whether you agree or disagree...The media disseminate
clear information on avian influenza
EU25
DK,
6%
Agree,
60%
Disagree,
34%
- 20 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Analysis of results by country
The graph bellow demonstrates significant differences between countries. Especially high
proportions of citizens in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Sweden believe in the clarity of
the information provided by the media about avian influenza (80% in the Czech Republic and
79% in both Slovakia and Sweden). On the other hand, the percentages of British and
Spanish citizens who declared that the information provided is clear were less than 50%
(45% in the United Kingdom and 49% in Spain). It is also noteworthy that citizens from
three countries affected by the virus are situated on the top of the scale.
QE7.1 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you agree
or disagree...The media disseminate clear information on avian influenza
Response "Agree"
80%
79%
79%
76%
74%
73%
72%
70%
68%
67%
67%
66%
64%
64%
64%
62%
61%
60%
60%
58%
57%
57%
55%
53%
49%
45%
CZ
SK
SE
BE
PL
HU
FI
EE
NL
PT
SI
DK
IE
LT
LU
DE
AT
EU25
LV
MT
EL
IT
CY
FR
ES
UK
86%
CY (tcc)
77%
72%
69%
69%
RO
TR
BG
HR
0%
100%
*The dark blue colour is attributed to countries affected by the virus (C AV)
- 21 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Questionnaire source: QE7.2
Analysis of results at EU level
European citizens are divided regarding the transparency of the public authorities
in the European Union in respect to avian influenza. While 46% of Europeans believe
that the EU public authorities disclose everything they know about the virus, 43% do not
believe in the transparency of the public authorities in this respect.
QE7.2 For each of the following statements, tell me
whether you agree or disagree...The European Union
public authorities tell everything they know about avian
influenza
DK,
11%
EU25
Agree,
46%
Disagree,
43%
- 22 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Analysis of results by country
Relatively high proportions of citizens in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary believe in
the transparency of public authorities when providing information about the virus (75% in
the Czech Republic, 74% in Slovakia and 66% in Hungary). On the other hand, citizens in
France, the United Kingdom and Luxembourg tend to perceive the public authorities as
somewhat selective as regards the information disseminated (62% of citizens in France, 56%
in Luxembourg and 52% in the UK do not believe that public authorities told them everything
they knew about avian influenza).
QE7.2 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you
agree or disagree...The European Union public authorities tell
everything they know about avian influenza
Response "Agree"
CZ
SK
HU
59%
59%
58%
58%
57%
56%
53%
52%
51%
51%
49%
49%
49%
49%
49%
46%
46%
45%
44%
40%
36%
32%
30%
BE
MT
EE
AT
FI
PL
CY
IT
LT
SE
DK
EL
IE
LV
SI
EU25
DE
PT
NL
ES
LU
UK
FR
66%
75%
74%
65%
CY (t cc)
55%
54%
52%
51%
TR
HR
RO
BG
0%
100%
*The dark blue colour is attributed to countries affected by the virus (C AV)
- 23 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Questionnaire source: QE7.3
Analysis of results at EU level
Even though citizens are divided regarding the transparency of the public authorities,
Europeans have a high level of trust in public authorities. More than two-thirds of the
EU25 citizens interviewed (70%) declared that the health of EU citizens is the main concern
of the EU public authorities (compared to 21% who declared the opposite).These results
should be interpreted in relation to avian influenza which was the context of the
question.
QE7.3 For each of the following statements, tell me
whether you agree or disagree...The main concern of
the European Union public authorities is the health of
European Union citizens
DK,
9%
EU25
Agree,
70%
Disagree,
21%
Analysis of results by country
Belgium, the Czech Republic, Malta and Slovakia have the highest proportions of respondents
who believe that the principal concern of the public authorities in the EU is the health of
citizens (88%, 85%, 85% and 84% respectively). On the other, hand, Finland, Latvia,
Denmark and Spain are the EU countries with the lowest support for this statement (59%,
61%, 61% and 62% respectively).
- 24 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE7.3 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you
agree or disagree...The main concern of the European Union public
authorities is the health of European Union citizens
Response "Agree"
88%
85%
85%
84%
81%
79%
78%
77%
75%
75%
75%
72%
70%
70%
69%
66%
66%
64%
63%
63%
63%
63%
62%
61%
61%
59%
BE
CZ
MT
SK
CY
EL
PL
SI
HU
NL
PT
IT
EU25
DE
IE
LU
SE
EE
FR
LT
AT
UK
ES
DK
LV
FI
65%
CY
RO
BG
HR
TR
59%
70%
69%
66%
0%
100%
*The dark blue colour is attributed to countries affected by the virus (CAV)
Socio-demographic analysis
The higher the respondent’s level of education, the more confidence he/she has in the public
authorities.
- 25 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
CONCLUSION
This study had three main objectives: to determine the level of knowledge of citizens
with regard to the health risks linked to both avian influenza and the policies designed to
fight the spread of the virus, and finally to gain an insight into changes in consumer
behaviour in view of declared, real and intended changes in this area.
The results show that the respondents generally have a very good knowledge of the
health risks linked to avian influenza. The average of correct answers by European Union
citizens regarding the statements testing their knowledge of the contamination process was
66%. It can be assumed that the information campaigns organised were to a great
extent successful and provided clear information about the health risks involved.
This level of knowledge seems to be somewhat higher in the countries that were
affected by the virus, in particular France, Germany, Denmark and Poland.
The second part of the report shows that, as regards the knowledge of EU policies adopted to
fight the spread of the virus and support poultry meat producers, between 58% and 70%
of correct answers were reported amongst EU25 citizens, which demonstrate,
again, a relative success of information campaigns. Nevertheless, only 29% of
Europeans remember that influenza epidemic of 2003 was successfully contained.
If EU institutions and national public authorities wish to increase further the knowledge of
citizens regarding important issues, such as the health risks linked to avian influenza and the
policies designed to fight them, they should focus on improving communication strategies
targeting less educated people and people without a professional activity. These categories
are clearly less well informed about the risks linked to the virus and about the EU policies
launched to contain the epidemic.
European Union citizens are not very fearful of contamination through the
consumption of poultry, eggs and egg-based products. More than three quarters of
EU25 citizens (78%) declared that they had not decreased their consumption of poultry
meat compared to six months before the poll. A large proportion number of EU25 citizens
declared they ate the same number of eggs (83%) and quantity of egg-based products
(85%) as six months before the poll.
The last part of the report demonstrated that European citizens believe that the information
provided by the media was clear and that their health was the main concern of the EU public
authorities. Nearly two-thirds of EU25 citizens interviewed declared that media
information on avian influenza was clear (60% compared to 34% who thought the
media were not clear) and that the European Union public authorities are sincerely
concerned about the health of EU citizens (70% compared to 21%).
- 26 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
ANNEXES
- 27 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Technical note
- 28 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER
“Avian influenza”
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Between the 27th of March and the 1st of May 2006, TNS Opinion & Social, a consortium created
between Taylor Nelson Sofres and EOS Gallup Europe, carried out wave 65.2 of the
EUROBAROMETER, on request of the EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Directorate-General Press and
Communication, Opinion Polls.
The SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER “Avian influenza” is part of wave 65.2 and covers the
population of the respective nationalities of the European Union Member States, resident in
each of the Member States and aged 15 years and over. The SPECIAL EUROBAROMETER “Avian
influenza” has also been conducted in the two acceding countries (Bulgaria and Romania) and in
the two candidate countries (Croatia and Turkey) and in the Turkish Cypriot Community. In
these countries, the survey covers the national population of citizens of the respective
nationalities and the population of citizens of all the European Union Member States that are
residents in those countries and have a sufficient command of one of the respective national
language(s) to answer the questionnaire. The basic sample design applied in all states is a
multi-stage, random (probability) one. In each country, a number of sampling points was drawn
with probability proportional to population size (for a total coverage of the country) and to
population density.
In order to do so, the sampling points were drawn systematically from each of the
"administrative regional units", after stratification by individual unit and type of area. They thus
represent the whole territory of the countries surveyed according to the EUROSTAT NUTS II (or
equivalent) and according to the distribution of the resident population of the respective
nationalities in terms of metropolitan, urban and rural areas. In each of the selected sampling
points, a starting address was drawn, at random. Further addresses (every Nth address) were
selected by standard "random route" procedures, from the initial address. In each household,
the respondent was drawn, at random (following the "closest birthday rule"). All interviews
were conducted face-to-face in people's homes and in the appropriate national language. As far
as the data capture is concerned, CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) was used in
those countries where this technique was available.
- 29 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
ABBREVIATIONS
BE
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
COUNTRIES
N°
INTERVIEWS
INSTITUTES
FIELDWORKDATES
POPULATION
15+
Belgium
TNS Dimarso
1.020
28/03/2006
26/04/2006
8.598.982
8.571.710
CZ
Czech Rep.
TNS Aisa
1.068
29/03/2006
14/04/2006
DK
Denmark
TNS Gallup DK
1.008
29/03/2006
01/05/2006
4.380.063
DE
Germany
TNS Infratest
1.526
28/03/2006
23/04/2006
64.174.295
EE
Estonia
Emor
1.002
31/03/2006
24/04/2006
887.094
EL
Greece
TNS ICAP
1.000
28/03/2006
24/04/2006
8.674.230
ES
Spain
TNS Demoscopia
1.005
28/03/2006
24/04/2006
35.882.820
FR
France
TNS Sofres
1.020
30/03/2006
24/04/2006
44.010.619
IE
Ireland
TNS MRBI
1.003
30/03/2006
30/04/2006
3.089.775
IT
Italy
TNS Abacus
1.000
30/03/2006
01/05/2006
49.208.000
CY
Rep. of Cyprus
Turkish Cypriot
Comm.
Synovate
507
31/03/2006
24/04/2006
552.213
500
29/03/2006
15/04/2006
157.101
LV
Latvia
TNS Latvia
1.018
28/03/2006
23/04/2006
1.394.351
LT
Lithuania
TNS Gallup Lithuania
1.019
31/03/2006
23/04/2006
2.803.661
LU
Luxembourg
TNS ILReS
HU
Hungary
TNS Hungary
CY(tcc)
KADEM
MT
Malta
MISCO
NL
Netherlands
AT
Austria
TNS NIPO
Österreichisches GallupInstitute
503
27/03/2006
24/04/2006
367.199
1.020
04/04/2006
25/04/2006
8.503.379
500
28/03/2006
21/04/2006
322.917
1.009
04/04/2006
25/04/2006
13.242.328
1.017
31/03/2006
20/04/2006
6.679.444
PL
Poland
TNS OBOP
1.000
30/03/2006
26/04/2006
31.610.437
PT
Portugal
TNS EUROTESTE
1.002
31/03/2006
24/04/2006
8.080.915
SI
Slovenia
RM PLUS
1.033
30/03/2006
26/04/2006
1.663.869
SK
Slovakia
TNS AISA SK
1.078
31/03/2006
19/04/2006
4.316.438
FI
Finland
TNS Gallup Oy
1.006
27/03/2006
26/04/2006
4.279.286
SE
Sweden
TNS GALLUP
1.017
28/03/2006
24/04/2006
7.376.680
UK
United Kingdom
TNS UK
1.312
27/03/2006
26/04/2006
47.685.578
BG
Bulgaria
TNS BBSS
1.015
27/03/2006
10/04/2006
6.695.512
RO
Romania
TNS CSOP
1.007
27/03/2006
27/04/2006
18.145.036
HR
Croatia
Puls
1.000
29/03/2006
25/04/2006
3.682.826
TR
Turkey
TNS PIAR
1.005
29/03/2006
26/04/2006
47.583.830
29.220
27/03/2006
01/05/2006
442.620.588
TOTAL
- 30 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
For each country a comparison between the sample and the universe was carried out. The
Universe description was derived from Eurostat population data or from national statistics
offices. For all countries surveyed, a national weighting procedure, using marginal and
intercellular weighting, was carried out based on this Universe description. In all countries,
gender, age, region and size of locality were introduced in the iteration procedure. For
international weighting (i.e. EU averages), TNS Opinion & Social applies the official population
figures as provided by EUROSTAT or national statistic offices. The total population figures for
input in this post-weighting procedure are listed above.
Readers are reminded that survey results are estimations, the accuracy of which, everything
being equal, rests upon the sample size and upon the observed percentage. With samples of
about 1,000 interviews, the real percentages vary within the following confidence limits:
Observed percentages
10% or 90%
20% or 80%
30% or 70%
40% or 60%
50%
Confidence limits
± 1.9 points
± 2.5 points
± 2.7 points
± 3.0 points
± 3.1 points
- 31 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Tables of results
- 32 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.1 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The avian influenza virus can be transmitted between humans
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
31%
32%
34%
24%
29%
28%
23%
34%
37%
37%
13%
41%
34%
46%
27%
27%
30%
24%
51%
35%
42%
28%
31%
57%
43%
48%
26%
19%
30%
30%
43%
40%
35%
- 33 -
False
60%
65%
59%
72%
64%
65%
71%
58%
59%
48%
81%
43%
52%
44%
66%
64%
60%
68%
42%
56%
53%
57%
60%
31%
52%
48%
71%
76%
59%
46%
39%
50%
56%
DK
9%
3%
7%
4%
7%
7%
7%
8%
4%
14%
6%
17%
14%
10%
8%
10%
10%
9%
7%
9%
6%
14%
9%
11%
4%
4%
3%
5%
11%
24%
18%
10%
9%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.2 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
Even when it is contaminated poultry is not a health risk if it is cooked
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
63%
66%
78%
73%
72%
73%
78%
64%
74%
42%
85%
48%
52%
65%
53%
62%
69%
75%
64%
47%
47%
59%
78%
49%
63%
64%
63%
56%
49%
65%
29%
65%
55%
- 34 -
False
28%
32%
16%
21%
21%
20%
18%
24%
23%
40%
10%
40%
35%
25%
40%
27%
22%
19%
30%
42%
41%
26%
18%
39%
31%
29%
33%
31%
38%
19%
58%
27%
35%
DK
10%
2%
5%
6%
7%
7%
4%
13%
3%
19%
5%
13%
13%
10%
8%
11%
9%
6%
7%
11%
12%
16%
5%
12%
6%
7%
4%
13%
14%
15%
13%
8%
10%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.3 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
Human can catch avian influenza by touching contaminated birds
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
74%
83%
84%
70%
81%
82%
84%
88%
85%
61%
71%
69%
67%
85%
80%
63%
86%
75%
79%
77%
89%
74%
85%
67%
84%
85%
85%
74%
67%
77%
74%
89%
77%
- 35 -
False
18%
16%
11%
26%
14%
14%
15%
8%
13%
25%
23%
19%
20%
10%
12%
27%
8%
20%
14%
16%
8%
15%
11%
20%
14%
11%
13%
22%
21%
9%
16%
7%
15%
DK
8%
1%
5%
4%
5%
4%
1%
4%
2%
14%
6%
13%
13%
4%
8%
9%
6%
5%
6%
7%
3%
10%
5%
12%
3%
4%
1%
4%
12%
14%
10%
4%
8%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.4 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The vaccination against seasonal influenza is also effective against avian influenza
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
11%
7%
10%
6%
7%
6%
5%
14%
31%
15%
5%
12%
14%
14%
23%
15%
16%
6%
15%
16%
7%
16%
21%
17%
20%
27%
10%
7%
8%
15%
20%
11%
34%
- 36 -
False
76%
88%
85%
87%
86%
87%
91%
69%
59%
62%
85%
69%
72%
62%
58%
70%
67%
82%
75%
75%
89%
70%
65%
56%
73%
64%
87%
78%
78%
48%
52%
78%
50%
DK
12%
5%
5%
6%
7%
7%
4%
17%
10%
23%
10%
19%
14%
24%
18%
15%
18%
12%
9%
9%
4%
14%
14%
27%
7%
9%
3%
15%
14%
37%
28%
12%
17%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.5 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The avian influenza virus contained in an egg or present on its shell can be eliminated by prolonged cooking
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
61%
58%
74%
66%
78%
79%
86%
61%
76%
41%
73%
34%
51%
57%
65%
58%
64%
71%
64%
42%
48%
59%
89%
54%
67%
68%
48%
42%
38%
68%
35%
52%
67%
- 37 -
False
21%
34%
16%
20%
12%
12%
9%
19%
18%
28%
10%
35%
27%
23%
25%
21%
17%
14%
23%
34%
30%
23%
6%
25%
21%
22%
38%
32%
31%
7%
35%
23%
20%
DK
18%
8%
10%
14%
10%
9%
5%
20%
6%
31%
17%
31%
22%
20%
10%
21%
19%
15%
13%
25%
22%
17%
4%
21%
11%
11%
14%
26%
31%
25%
30%
24%
14%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.6 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
If a chicken is contaminated by avian influenza on a farm, all the poultry on that farm must be destroyed
immediately
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
84%
90%
83%
92%
93%
92%
89%
85%
87%
71%
89%
83%
77%
89%
82%
79%
87%
87%
82%
92%
85%
80%
85%
81%
82%
89%
92%
89%
79%
79%
75%
89%
74%
- 38 -
False
9%
9%
11%
5%
4%
5%
10%
9%
12%
13%
7%
7%
14%
7%
10%
12%
7%
7%
13%
5%
12%
11%
8%
12%
15%
7%
6%
7%
10%
7%
13%
6%
15%
DK
7%
1%
6%
3%
3%
3%
1%
7%
2%
16%
4%
10%
10%
5%
8%
9%
5%
5%
5%
3%
3%
8%
7%
8%
4%
5%
2%
4%
11%
14%
12%
5%
11%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1.7 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
It is not dangerous to eat the meat of a chicken vaccinated against avian influenza
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
47%
57%
43%
54%
40%
41%
46%
45%
54%
40%
66%
36%
35%
33%
37%
40%
36%
41%
44%
32%
71%
36%
51%
40%
43%
39%
42%
50%
47%
29%
36%
36%
54%
- 39 -
False
29%
37%
35%
28%
37%
37%
36%
30%
31%
24%
17%
38%
36%
29%
42%
34%
35%
30%
39%
37%
17%
36%
24%
33%
36%
40%
44%
24%
26%
24%
37%
34%
27%
DK
24%
6%
22%
18%
23%
22%
18%
25%
15%
36%
18%
26%
29%
38%
22%
25%
28%
28%
17%
31%
11%
27%
25%
28%
21%
21%
14%
26%
28%
48%
27%
31%
19%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
Average
Total
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
172853
7140
7476
7056
7105
10682
3577
7013
7000
7035
7140
7024
7000
3549
3500
7126
7133
3521
7140
3500
7063
7119
7000
7014
7231
7546
7042
7119
9184
7105
6699
7000
7035
Average of correct
answers
66%
72%
72%
73%
73%
74%
78%
67%
71%
52%
79%
54%
58%
62%
63%
62%
67%
71%
64%
60%
69%
62%
73%
54%
66%
65%
70%
66%
60%
59%
49%
65%
62%
- 40 -
Average of wrong
answers
21%
24%
19%
19%
18%
18%
17%
20%
24%
26%
12%
27%
26%
22%
25%
23%
19%
17%
27%
26%
22%
22%
17%
29%
26%
26%
24%
20%
23%
16%
32%
21%
26%
DK
13%
4%
8%
8%
9%
8%
6%
13%
6%
22%
9%
18%
16%
16%
12%
14%
14%
11%
9%
13%
9%
15%
10%
17%
8%
9%
6%
13%
17%
25%
20%
13%
13%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE1 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
TOTAL
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
At least
one
correct
answer
98%
100%
100%
99%
99%
99%
100%
99%
100%
94%
99%
97%
95%
99%
97%
97%
99%
98%
99%
100%
100%
97%
100%
97%
99%
99%
100%
100%
97%
94%
96%
98%
95%
1
correct
answer
2
correct
answers
3
correct
answers
4
correct
answers
5
correct
answers
6
correct
answers
7
correct
answers
2%
1%
1%
0%
1%
1%
0%
2%
0%
6%
0%
4%
5%
3%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
0%
1%
3%
2%
4%
2%
1%
0%
1%
4%
3%
8%
2%
3%
6%
4%
2%
4%
2%
2%
0%
6%
5%
16%
3%
13%
8%
10%
3%
6%
6%
4%
5%
9%
3%
8%
3%
13%
5%
4%
3%
6%
8%
8%
14%
5%
6%
12%
10%
10%
8%
8%
8%
8%
13%
9%
19%
4%
23%
15%
15%
13%
16%
11%
8%
16%
20%
13%
13%
6%
21%
12%
16%
14%
14%
20%
15%
27%
14%
15%
19%
17%
16%
16%
16%
16%
15%
18%
19%
18%
12%
23%
26%
22%
28%
21%
20%
17%
23%
29%
24%
20%
17%
22%
22%
21%
21%
23%
22%
19%
25%
21%
20%
23%
26%
27%
26%
24%
24%
23%
24%
27%
17%
22%
18%
22%
26%
29%
27%
27%
26%
25%
24%
26%
23%
28%
24%
29%
29%
26%
25%
18%
25%
15%
28%
23%
23%
27%
30%
27%
32%
32%
34%
24%
28%
14%
31%
13%
14%
17%
18%
19%
26%
28%
19%
12%
20%
21%
31%
10%
23%
20%
25%
21%
15%
18%
6%
20%
19%
12%
16%
12%
17%
15%
16%
21%
11%
11%
4%
27%
3%
6%
7%
4%
6%
8%
15%
8%
5%
13%
9%
14%
2%
7%
7%
11%
9%
10%
6%
2%
8%
9%
- 41 -
At least
one
wrong
answer
73%
79%
72%
72%
70%
69%
68%
74%
82%
82%
54%
83%
79%
77%
86%
79%
73%
69%
84%
79%
77%
73%
70%
87%
84%
87%
80%
74%
74%
63%
87%
76%
80%
At least
one
answer
DK
42%
18%
33%
33%
33%
32%
28%
44%
25%
57%
38%
56%
50%
56%
37%
48%
51%
46%
37%
51%
37%
45%
39%
52%
33%
32%
25%
50%
53%
67%
58%
49%
34%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE2.1 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much…?
Poultry meat
U25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
More
3%
2%
4%
4%
1%
1%
0%
3%
1%
0%
4%
2%
6%
2%
6%
2%
5%
2%
3%
1%
1%
5%
7%
0%
1%
3%
2%
2%
4%
5%
3%
1%
8%
Less
18%
20%
15%
11%
23%
20%
11%
18%
45%
13%
10%
23%
38%
33%
41%
12%
16%
23%
16%
23%
9%
32%
10%
18%
16%
10%
13%
7%
10%
20%
15%
9%
58%
- 42 -
Just as much
78%
77%
81%
85%
76%
78%
89%
77%
54%
86%
86%
73%
54%
64%
52%
83%
78%
75%
81%
77%
89%
61%
82%
81%
82%
86%
85%
91%
84%
73%
79%
89%
33%
DK
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%
2%
0%
0%
2%
2%
1%
1%
2%
1%
0%
0%
0%
1%
2%
1%
0%
1%
0%
0%
1%
2%
2%
2%
1%
2%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE2.2 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much…?
Eggs
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
More
3%
2%
1%
2%
1%
1%
0%
3%
2%
1%
2%
3%
6%
1%
4%
2%
3%
2%
3%
2%
4%
6%
0%
0%
3%
2%
2%
3%
4%
3%
1%
9%
Less
13%
13%
12%
7%
15%
14%
8%
14%
35%
10%
5%
15%
31%
25%
40%
6%
10%
14%
9%
15%
5%
27%
7%
14%
12%
9%
8%
3%
7%
17%
11%
8%
53%
- 43 -
Just as much
83%
85%
86%
90%
83%
85%
92%
82%
63%
89%
92%
80%
62%
73%
55%
91%
86%
84%
88%
83%
92%
66%
86%
85%
87%
88%
90%
94%
88%
78%
83%
91%
36%
DK
1%
0%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%
1%
0%
3%
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%
0%
2%
1%
3%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
1%
2%
2%
3%
1%
2%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE2.3 Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much…?
Egg-based products
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
More
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
1%
0%
1%
1%
5%
1%
4%
1%
3%
2%
2%
1%
3%
3%
0%
0%
2%
1%
0%
2%
3%
3%
0%
9%
Less
12%
11%
15%
5%
13%
12%
7%
12%
31%
9%
4%
14%
27%
22%
36%
5%
8%
10%
8%
13%
3%
27%
7%
14%
9%
9%
8%
2%
7%
15%
12%
6%
53%
- 44 -
Just as much
85%
87%
84%
93%
85%
86%
93%
84%
68%
90%
94%
82%
65%
75%
59%
93%
89%
88%
90%
86%
95%
66%
89%
85%
90%
88%
91%
96%
89%
79%
81%
93%
36%
DK
1%
0%
0%
1%
1%
1%
2%
0%
1%
1%
3%
3%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%
1%
1%
4%
1%
1%
0%
1%
0%
1%
3%
3%
5%
1%
2%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE3 Would you say that you intend to eat less poultry meat for ever or only on a temporary basis?
(IF 'EAT LESS POULTRY MEAT', CODE 2 IN QE2.1)
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
For ever
4418
204
159
108
229
309
55
175
445
129
102
234
378
166
205
126
164
113
163
113
91
329
100
181
161
112
132
68
128
198
140
89
581
13%
21%
17%
11%
17%
17%
12%
20%
6%
9%
2%
26%
8%
10%
4%
8%
13%
8%
4%
6%
29%
15%
19%
9%
25%
9%
32%
22%
29%
5%
8%
12%
11%
- 45 -
Only on a temporary
basis
76%
78%
70%
76%
67%
69%
80%
62%
93%
78%
95%
57%
79%
83%
94%
84%
74%
87%
87%
87%
59%
70%
70%
84%
68%
82%
62%
67%
63%
81%
84%
78%
84%
DK
11%
1%
13%
13%
15%
15%
8%
19%
1%
12%
3%
17%
13%
7%
1%
8%
13%
5%
9%
6%
12%
15%
11%
7%
7%
10%
6%
11%
8%
14%
8%
9%
5%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE4 Which of the following reasons is the one that most explains your decision to eat less poultry meat?
(IF 'EAT LESS POULTRY MEAT', CODE 2 IN QE2.1)
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
As you do no
really know
whether or not
it is a health
risk, as a
precaution you
prefer not to eat
poultry meat
4418
204
159
108
229
309
55
175
445
129
102
234
378
166
205
126
164
113
163
113
91
329
100
181
161
112
132
68
128
198
140
89
581
48%
45%
36%
34%
48%
48%
48%
33%
44%
47%
54%
45%
54%
49%
47%
42%
31%
41%
48%
62%
49%
42%
40%
60%
26%
48%
32%
50%
45%
47%
43%
38%
37%
With everything
one hears at the
present time,
you no longer
want to eat
poultry meat,
but you do not
think that there
is any real risk
28%
39%
40%
46%
28%
29%
33%
26%
39%
23%
31%
25%
28%
29%
24%
25%
39%
38%
32%
17%
29%
31%
30%
12%
34%
29%
43%
26%
16%
31%
24%
16%
40%
- 46 -
You are
convinced that it
is dangerous to
eat poultry meat
at the present
time
Other
(SPONTANEOUS)
DK
15%
13%
20%
9%
18%
17%
9%
27%
17%
14%
12%
17%
13%
19%
27%
24%
19%
16%
14%
19%
8%
23%
14%
20%
28%
14%
14%
7%
16%
11%
19%
30%
13%
5%
3%
2%
10%
5%
5%
7%
11%
0%
8%
2%
4%
3%
0%
6%
7%
3%
4%
2%
12%
2%
10%
3%
12%
8%
9%
12%
17%
4%
10%
13%
4%
3%
1%
2%
2%
1%
1%
2%
4%
7%
2%
8%
2%
4%
1%
4%
4%
2%
2%
0%
3%
2%
6%
5%
0%
1%
2%
5%
6%
7%
4%
4%
6%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5.1 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
European legislation exists which stipulates what protection measures must be taken by national governments in the
event of an avian influenza epidemic
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
62%
71%
78%
50%
64%
64%
65%
62%
82%
52%
64%
62%
53%
75%
55%
68%
68%
54%
75%
77%
66%
68%
77%
70%
84%
79%
69%
62%
52%
58%
51%
75%
52%
- 47 -
False
16%
22%
10%
36%
22%
22%
23%
12%
10%
12%
13%
11%
15%
6%
8%
12%
10%
18%
7%
6%
21%
14%
8%
6%
5%
9%
23%
22%
19%
6%
6%
7%
15%
DK
22%
7%
12%
14%
14%
14%
12%
26%
8%
37%
23%
27%
32%
19%
37%
20%
22%
28%
18%
17%
13%
18%
16%
24%
11%
12%
8%
16%
29%
37%
43%
18%
33%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5.2 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The European Union has a committee of veterinary experts
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
65%
74%
73%
62%
63%
63%
62%
62%
86%
58%
67%
66%
57%
82%
62%
70%
62%
68%
72%
76%
47%
56%
79%
68%
83%
79%
77%
61%
62%
49%
55%
74%
53%
- 48 -
False
10%
16%
8%
15%
11%
11%
12%
5%
9%
5%
7%
6%
12%
1%
9%
5%
4%
8%
6%
4%
19%
15%
5%
6%
3%
7%
10%
15%
10%
4%
5%
3%
11%
DK
26%
10%
19%
23%
25%
25%
26%
33%
5%
38%
26%
28%
30%
16%
29%
25%
34%
24%
22%
20%
33%
29%
16%
27%
14%
14%
13%
24%
28%
47%
40%
22%
36%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5.3 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The European Union pays financial compensation to farmers that are obliged to cull their poultry to prevent the virus
from spreading
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
58%
67%
51%
47%
64%
63%
56%
58%
61%
47%
72%
53%
57%
60%
52%
60%
57%
61%
65%
63%
52%
58%
68%
56%
64%
47%
64%
52%
46%
57%
54%
70%
52%
- 49 -
False
17%
24%
26%
38%
18%
19%
26%
14%
23%
9%
11%
11%
15%
7%
17%
11%
15%
12%
14%
10%
29%
16%
11%
14%
18%
30%
20%
24%
19%
5%
7%
9%
14%
DK
25%
9%
22%
15%
18%
18%
18%
28%
17%
44%
17%
36%
28%
33%
31%
29%
28%
27%
21%
28%
19%
26%
21%
31%
18%
23%
16%
24%
35%
38%
39%
21%
34%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5.4 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
The European Union has strict controls on poultry imports
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
70%
77%
78%
63%
79%
81%
89%
81%
82%
59%
68%
62%
65%
82%
69%
68%
73%
74%
80%
75%
76%
71%
77%
66%
85%
83%
81%
67%
55%
69%
66%
80%
51%
- 50 -
False
13%
20%
12%
26%
12%
11%
7%
4%
14%
10%
15%
13%
12%
4%
4%
14%
9%
14%
11%
8%
15%
14%
8%
12%
6%
8%
13%
16%
19%
5%
5%
6%
15%
DK
17%
3%
9%
11%
9%
8%
4%
15%
4%
31%
17%
25%
23%
14%
26%
18%
19%
12%
9%
17%
9%
15%
15%
22%
8%
9%
6%
16%
26%
26%
29%
14%
34%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5.5 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
There was a major avian influenza epidemic in 2003 in the European Union and it was successfully contained
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
True
29%
53%
16%
28%
24%
24%
23%
27%
36%
28%
26%
33%
32%
29%
36%
28%
28%
16%
27%
30%
49%
26%
26%
32%
28%
24%
34%
16%
28%
27%
25%
26%
38%
- 51 -
False
37%
36%
57%
43%
52%
53%
56%
33%
39%
21%
35%
27%
27%
17%
9%
30%
38%
49%
32%
23%
36%
36%
42%
21%
43%
49%
49%
48%
33%
14%
9%
32%
18%
DK
34%
11%
27%
29%
23%
23%
21%
40%
25%
52%
38%
39%
40%
54%
55%
41%
35%
35%
41%
48%
15%
38%
32%
47%
29%
26%
17%
36%
39%
59%
66%
42%
44%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
Average
Total
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
123467
5100
5340
5040
5075
7630
2555
5009
5000
5025
5100
5017
5000
2535
2500
5090
5095
2515
5100
2500
5045
5085
5000
5010
5165
5390
5030
5085
6560
5075
4785
5000
5025
Average of correct
answers
58%
65%
68%
53%
65%
65%
66%
59%
70%
47%
61%
54%
52%
63%
49%
59%
60%
61%
65%
63%
56%
58%
69%
56%
72%
67%
68%
58%
50%
49%
47%
66%
45%
- 52 -
Average of wrong
answers
17%
27%
14%
29%
17%
18%
18%
12%
18%
13%
14%
15%
17%
9%
15%
14%
13%
14%
13%
11%
27%
17%
12%
14%
12%
16%
20%
19%
19%
9%
10%
10%
19%
DK
25%
8%
18%
18%
18%
18%
16%
28%
12%
40%
24%
31%
31%
27%
36%
27%
27%
25%
22%
26%
18%
25%
20%
30%
16%
17%
12%
23%
31%
41%
43%
23%
36%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE5 For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or false.
TOTAL
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
At least
one
correct
answer
90%
98%
97%
93%
94%
95%
98%
92%
99%
75%
93%
86%
87%
92%
80%
89%
91%
95%
95%
95%
95%
93%
96%
85%
95%
96%
97%
95%
85%
79%
79%
91%
74%
1 correct
answer
2 correct
answers
3 correct
answers
4 correct
answers
5 correct
answers
At least
one wrong
answer
10%
8%
8%
14%
7%
7%
7%
8%
4%
8%
9%
10%
15%
6%
7%
7%
9%
6%
7%
6%
13%
10%
6%
9%
4%
7%
6%
10%
14%
8%
11%
5%
11%
15%
15%
12%
23%
12%
13%
17%
14%
14%
13%
15%
16%
16%
12%
16%
14%
14%
21%
13%
16%
21%
20%
11%
14%
8%
10%
12%
21%
17%
13%
16%
8%
14%
22%
26%
23%
27%
23%
23%
23%
27%
21%
19%
22%
21%
17%
21%
24%
20%
21%
27%
24%
24%
29%
22%
21%
15%
17%
23%
24%
26%
25%
20%
17%
16%
15%
33%
36%
35%
22%
37%
37%
36%
34%
43%
29%
35%
32%
31%
46%
32%
39%
35%
27%
37%
40%
26%
30%
37%
37%
45%
40%
41%
28%
23%
33%
31%
46%
31%
11%
13%
20%
7%
15%
15%
15%
9%
17%
6%
12%
7%
7%
8%
1%
9%
11%
14%
14%
9%
7%
10%
21%
10%
22%
17%
15%
9%
7%
4%
3%
16%
3%
54%
77%
47%
74%
58%
58%
60%
47%
61%
43%
50%
51%
53%
39%
54%
50%
50%
46%
47%
44%
77%
52%
43%
50%
47%
53%
67%
58%
57%
36%
36%
40%
57%
- 53 -
At least
one
answer
DK
54%
23%
47%
46%
43%
43%
42%
62%
34%
64%
59%
60%
62%
65%
62%
56%
59%
65%
57%
66%
51%
58%
51%
54%
41%
39%
34%
57%
63%
71%
73%
52%
53%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.1 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Confining poultry within high-risk areas
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
77%
89%
91%
88%
91%
92%
96%
71%
89%
66%
83%
66%
50%
78%
70%
70%
80%
87%
86%
76%
88%
86%
85%
81%
93%
85%
91%
88%
65%
71%
78%
92%
64%
- 54 -
No
9%
9%
5%
6%
4%
4%
2%
9%
10%
10%
9%
16%
15%
3%
4%
11%
7%
4%
7%
9%
8%
7%
6%
6%
3%
8%
7%
6%
13%
3%
3%
2%
10%
DK
14%
2%
4%
6%
5%
4%
2%
20%
1%
24%
8%
17%
35%
19%
26%
19%
13%
9%
7%
15%
4%
7%
9%
13%
4%
7%
3%
7%
23%
26%
19%
6%
25%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.2 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Banning the importation of live poultry and poultry meat from countries outside the European Union where the
presence of avian influenza has been confirmed
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
78%
86%
86%
79%
89%
90%
94%
83%
85%
69%
84%
73%
68%
82%
68%
77%
80%
86%
82%
83%
80%
79%
83%
83%
90%
88%
85%
68%
66%
76%
79%
91%
60%
- 55 -
No
9%
11%
7%
12%
4%
4%
4%
4%
13%
8%
6%
7%
13%
2%
7%
7%
5%
5%
6%
4%
11%
9%
6%
6%
4%
7%
9%
17%
13%
3%
4%
2%
11%
DK
13%
3%
7%
10%
7%
6%
2%
14%
2%
23%
10%
20%
20%
16%
25%
16%
15%
9%
12%
14%
9%
12%
11%
11%
6%
4%
6%
15%
21%
21%
17%
7%
28%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.3 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Banning live bird fairs\ shows in high-risk areas
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
75%
84%
94%
86%
81%
82%
89%
79%
86%
64%
85%
69%
56%
62%
54%
72%
78%
76%
85%
68%
83%
67%
81%
80%
84%
81%
82%
74%
64%
72%
73%
80%
54%
- 56 -
No
9%
13%
4%
7%
8%
7%
6%
5%
11%
8%
6%
6%
13%
4%
16%
8%
5%
10%
6%
6%
10%
15%
8%
10%
7%
11%
10%
8%
13%
3%
4%
5%
15%
DK
16%
3%
3%
7%
11%
10%
5%
16%
3%
28%
8%
25%
31%
34%
31%
20%
16%
14%
9%
26%
7%
18%
11%
11%
9%
8%
8%
18%
22%
26%
22%
16%
31%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.4 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Creating a safety perimeter of 3km and a second of 10km around contaminated areas
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
71%
80%
89%
87%
86%
87%
90%
72%
67%
52%
80%
54%
46%
67%
63%
57%
67%
77%
81%
61%
74%
77%
82%
71%
86%
78%
57%
72%
65%
57%
55%
84%
57%
- 57 -
No
9%
15%
5%
6%
4%
4%
5%
6%
23%
9%
8%
7%
16%
3%
4%
12%
9%
8%
6%
5%
10%
11%
5%
5%
6%
10%
24%
13%
8%
3%
4%
3%
13%
DK
20%
5%
6%
8%
10%
9%
5%
22%
10%
39%
12%
39%
38%
30%
33%
31%
25%
15%
13%
34%
16%
12%
13%
25%
8%
11%
20%
15%
27%
40%
40%
13%
31%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.5 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Reinforcing disinfection measures in high-risk areas
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
80%
85%
92%
78%
85%
86%
90%
81%
93%
67%
89%
75%
65%
81%
73%
79%
82%
88%
93%
83%
80%
80%
88%
86%
89%
84%
89%
77%
71%
75%
81%
91%
62%
- 58 -
No
6%
11%
4%
11%
5%
5%
6%
3%
6%
7%
4%
5%
10%
2%
4%
5%
3%
4%
3%
1%
10%
8%
3%
3%
4%
7%
5%
9%
6%
2%
2%
1%
12%
DK
14%
3%
3%
11%
10%
9%
4%
16%
1%
26%
6%
20%
25%
17%
23%
16%
15%
8%
4%
16%
10%
11%
9%
11%
7%
8%
5%
14%
23%
23%
16%
8%
27%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE6.6 For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already applied in the European
Union.
Systematically culling all poultry on farms where a case of avian influenza has been detected
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Yes
80%
90%
64%
87%
91%
92%
95%
82%
88%
68%
89%
82%
68%
81%
69%
77%
83%
88%
77%
89%
87%
83%
84%
85%
86%
88%
91%
89%
69%
74%
77%
91%
62%
- 59 -
No
8%
8%
26%
7%
3%
3%
3%
5%
11%
8%
5%
3%
13%
1%
5%
7%
6%
4%
12%
4%
7%
8%
7%
7%
6%
6%
5%
6%
9%
5%
3%
2%
13%
DK
12%
2%
10%
6%
5%
5%
3%
13%
2%
23%
5%
15%
18%
18%
26%
16%
12%
8%
10%
7%
6%
9%
9%
8%
8%
7%
3%
5%
22%
22%
20%
7%
25%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE7.1 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you agree or disagree.
The media disseminate clear information on avian influenza
TOTAL
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
Totally
agree
18%
19%
27%
27%
24%
24%
25%
21%
19%
12%
12%
18%
15%
19%
55%
13%
23%
27%
32%
18%
22%
16%
25%
16%
16%
18%
20%
38%
8%
27%
31%
25%
43%
Tend to
agree
42%
57%
54%
39%
37%
38%
41%
49%
38%
37%
41%
46%
42%
37%
31%
47%
41%
37%
41%
40%
46%
45%
49%
51%
50%
61%
52%
41%
37%
43%
46%
44%
29%
Tend to
disagree
27%
18%
14%
25%
28%
28%
28%
18%
30%
31%
32%
20%
30%
26%
9%
29%
25%
25%
19%
32%
24%
26%
18%
22%
27%
15%
24%
16%
31%
15%
12%
20%
13%
- 60 -
Totally
disagree
7%
5%
4%
5%
7%
7%
5%
4%
13%
6%
12%
9%
7%
11%
2%
5%
3%
10%
5%
4%
5%
6%
3%
5%
4%
3%
3%
4%
8%
4%
3%
5%
7%
DK
Agree
Disagree
6%
1%
2%
3%
5%
4%
1%
8%
0%
13%
3%
7%
6%
8%
4%
6%
7%
2%
4%
5%
2%
7%
5%
6%
3%
3%
1%
1%
15%
12%
9%
6%
8%
60%
76%
80%
66%
60%
62%
66%
70%
57%
49%
53%
64%
57%
55%
86%
60%
64%
64%
73%
58%
68%
61%
74%
67%
67%
79%
72%
79%
45%
69%
77%
69%
72%
34%
23%
18%
31%
35%
35%
33%
22%
43%
38%
44%
30%
37%
37%
11%
34%
28%
35%
24%
37%
29%
32%
21%
27%
31%
18%
27%
20%
39%
18%
15%
25%
20%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE7.2 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you agree or disagree.
The European Union public authorities tell everything they know about avian influenza
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
Totally agree
Tend to agree
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
12%
12%
24%
16%
15%
16%
16%
16%
18%
10%
6%
14%
12%
16%
35%
9%
18%
13%
29%
16%
11%
20%
16%
11%
11%
16%
14%
16%
6%
17%
20%
15%
26%
33%
47%
52%
33%
29%
30%
36%
42%
31%
29%
24%
35%
40%
37%
30%
40%
33%
23%
37%
43%
33%
39%
40%
34%
38%
57%
43%
35%
26%
34%
32%
39%
29%
Tend to
disagree
33%
32%
14%
38%
34%
34%
31%
23%
34%
33%
43%
23%
29%
23%
15%
34%
30%
39%
17%
27%
39%
22%
28%
35%
38%
15%
34%
26%
37%
16%
21%
28%
15%
- 61 -
Totally
disagree
11%
7%
3%
6%
12%
12%
9%
6%
15%
8%
19%
12%
8%
10%
4%
6%
5%
17%
5%
5%
11%
7%
5%
7%
9%
2%
6%
9%
16%
2%
4%
9%
8%
DK
Agree
Disagree
11%
2%
7%
7%
9%
9%
6%
13%
2%
19%
8%
17%
11%
15%
16%
11%
13%
8%
12%
9%
5%
12%
11%
13%
4%
9%
3%
14%
16%
31%
23%
10%
22%
46%
59%
75%
49%
44%
46%
53%
58%
49%
40%
30%
49%
52%
53%
65%
49%
51%
36%
66%
59%
44%
58%
56%
45%
49%
74%
57%
51%
32%
51%
52%
54%
55%
43%
39%
17%
44%
47%
45%
41%
29%
49%
42%
62%
35%
37%
32%
19%
40%
35%
56%
22%
32%
51%
29%
33%
42%
47%
17%
40%
35%
52%
18%
25%
36%
24%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
QE7.3 For each of the following statements, tell me whether you agree or disagree.
The main concern of the European Union public authorities is the health of European Union citizens
EU25
BE
CZ
DK
D-W
DE
D-E
EE
EL
ES
FR
IE
IT
CY
CY (tcc)
LV
LT
LU
HU
MT
NL
AT
PL
PT
SI
SK
FI
SE
UK
BG
RO
HR
TR
TOTAL
Totally agree
Tend to agree
24693
1020
1068
1008
1015
1526
511
1002
1000
1005
1020
1003
1000
507
500
1018
1019
503
1020
500
1009
1017
1000
1002
1033
1078
1006
1017
1312
1015
957
1000
1005
21%
25%
30%
19%
26%
26%
24%
21%
28%
15%
16%
24%
22%
34%
32%
12%
23%
21%
31%
24%
30%
22%
24%
17%
22%
27%
15%
26%
16%
25%
28%
21%
32%
48%
64%
55%
42%
42%
44%
53%
43%
51%
47%
48%
46%
51%
47%
33%
49%
40%
45%
44%
61%
44%
41%
54%
58%
54%
57%
44%
40%
47%
44%
42%
45%
27%
Tend to
disagree
17%
9%
8%
29%
19%
18%
14%
21%
16%
16%
22%
12%
15%
8%
12%
23%
20%
14%
14%
5%
18%
21%
12%
10%
17%
8%
32%
18%
17%
7%
8%
18%
13%
- 62 -
Totally
disagree
4%
1%
2%
4%
6%
6%
6%
5%
4%
3%
7%
8%
4%
3%
6%
6%
4%
11%
3%
1%
3%
7%
2%
2%
2%
1%
6%
7%
4%
2%
2%
7%
6%
DK
Agree
Disagree
9%
1%
5%
6%
7%
6%
3%
9%
1%
19%
8%
11%
9%
8%
16%
10%
12%
8%
8%
9%
4%
10%
8%
13%
5%
6%
3%
8%
17%
23%
20%
10%
22%
70%
88%
85%
61%
68%
70%
77%
64%
79%
62%
63%
69%
72%
81%
65%
61%
63%
66%
75%
85%
75%
63%
78%
75%
77%
84%
59%
66%
63%
69%
70%
66%
59%
21%
11%
10%
33%
25%
24%
20%
26%
20%
19%
29%
20%
19%
11%
19%
29%
24%
25%
17%
6%
21%
28%
14%
12%
19%
10%
38%
26%
20%
8%
10%
24%
19%
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Questionnaire
- 63 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Eurobarometer Questionnaire – 3/03/2006
TOTAL question units: 16.5
Avian Influenza
Q1.
For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or
false.
[SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The avian influenza virus can be
transmitted between humans
Even when it is contaminated
poultry is not a health risk if it is
cooked
Human
can
catch
avian
influenza
by
touching
contaminated birds
The vaccination against seasonal
influenza
is
also
effective
against avian influenza
The
avian
influenza
virus
contained in an egg or present
on its shell can be eliminated by
prolonged cooking
If a chicken is contaminated by
avian influenza on a farm, all
the poultry on that farm must
be destroyed immediately
It is not dangerous to eat the
meat of a chicken vaccinated
against avian influenza
True
1
False
2
DK
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Q4 - 4 question units
- 64 -
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
Q2.
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
Compared with six months ago, tell me whether you eat more or less or just as much
…?
[SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
1
2
3
More
Less
1
1
1
2
2
2
Poultry meat
Eggs
Egg-based products
Just as
much
3
3
3
NSP
4
4
4
Q2 - 2 question units
TO THOSE WHO EAT LESS POULTRY MEAT (CODES 2 IN Q2.1)
Q3.
Would you say that you intend to eat less poultry meat for ever or only on a
temporary basis?
[READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
For ever
Only on a temporary basis
DK
1
2
3
Q3 - 1 question unit
TO THOSE WHO EAT LESS POULTRY MEAT (CODES 2 IN Q2.1)
Q4.
Which of the following reasons is the one that most explains your decision to eat less
poultry meat?
[SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
As you do no really know whether or not it is a health risk, as a
precaution you prefer not to eat poultry meat
With everything one hears at the present time, you no longer want to
eat poultry meat, but you do not think that there is any real risk
You are convinced that it is dangerous to eat poultry meat at the
present time
Other (SPONTANEOUS)
DK
Q4 - 1 question unit
- 65 -
1
2
3
4
5
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
Q5.
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
For each of the following statements tell me whether, in your opinion, it is true or
false.
[SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
True
1
European
legislation
exists
1
which stipulates what protection
measures must be taken by
national governments in the
event of an avian influenza
epidemic
2
The European Union has a
1
committee of veterinary experts
3
The
European
Union
pays
1
financial
compensation
to
farmers that are obliged to cull
their poultry to prevent the virus
from spreading
4
The European Union has strict
1
controls on poultry imports
5
There was a major avian
1
influenza epidemic in 2003 in
the European Union and it was
successfully contained
Q5 - 3 question units
- 66 -
False
2
DK
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
Special EUROBAROMETER 257
Q6.
“AVIAN INFLUENZA”
For each of the following measures, tell me whether, in your opinion, it is already
applied in the European Union.
[SHOW CARD – READ OUT – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
1
2
3
4
5
6
Q7.
Confining poultry within highrisk areas
Banning the importation of live
poultry and poultry meat from
countries outside the European
Union where the presence of
avian
influenza
has
been
confirmed
Banning live bird fairs/shows in
high-risk areas
Creating a safety perimeter of
3km and a second of 10km
around contaminated areas
Reinforcing
disinfection
measures in high-risk areas
Systematically culling all poultry
on farms where a case of avian
influenza has been detected
Yes
1
No
2
DK
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Q4 – 3.5 question units
For each of the following statements, tell me whether you agree or disagree…
[SHOW CARD – ROTATE – ONE ANSWER PER LINE]
1
2
3
The
media
disseminate
clear information on avian
influenza
The European Union public
authorities tell everything
they know about avian
influenza
The main concern of the
European
Union
public
authorities is the health of
European Union citizens
Totally
agree
1
Tend to
agreed
2
Tend to
disagree
3
Totally
disagree
4
DK
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Q7 – 2 question units
- 67 -
5