Category I – Abbreviated September 26, 2006 Proposal Title: Restructuring of the graduate degree programs in Economics. Purpose: The purpose of this proposal is to restructure the graduate programs in Economics (M.A., M.S. and Ph.D.) at Oregon State University. Name of Institution: Oregon State University Name of College: Liberal Arts Name of Department: Economics Classification of Instruction Program (CIP) Number: 450601 Submission Date: May 15, 2006 (CLA Curriculum Committee) Proposed Effective Date or Term: Fall 2007 Date of first draft: June 26, 2006 A. Title of the proposed instructional, research or public service unit. For name changes, give both the current and proposed names. Describe the reason(s) for the proposed change. The Department of Economics proposes to restructure the Master of Arts (M.A.), Master of Science (M.S.) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) programs in Economics. The restructured program will be in effect starting Fall 2007. This proposal entails no name change for these programs. Reasons for the Proposed Change Since the inception of the M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. programs in Economics at OSU in 1988, the Departments of Economics, Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources have coordinated via the University Graduate Faculty of Economics (UGFE) in establishing curricula and teaching core courses in microeconomics, macroeconomics and econometrics. These courses served not only students pursuing M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics, but also those pursuing M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Agriculture and Resource Economics, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Forest Resources. Evolving professional standards in Economics and different learning and curriculum objectives for these different degree programs have reduced the areas of instructional intersection in core courses. As a consequence, students in different graduate degree programs will be better served under separate core curricula which are best aligned with their respective departmental degree objectives, long term goals and professional standards. The UGFE was constituted on the premise of a shared core curriculum about which all parties would agree and be well-served. From the standpoint of the Department of Economics, coordination via the UGFE is no longer viable due to the differing visions of the three departments, particularly in matters of required core curriculum and course content. In addition, the original intent was that teaching of these courses would be shared by all departments. In practice, the Department of Economics has provided the staffing of almost all core courses taught in the UGFE. Cognizant of the different core curricular needs of the aforementioned Departments, and after a substantial effort to reconcile these different needs on the part of the Faculty in the three departments, the Deans of the Graduate School, Colleges of Liberal Arts, Agricultural Sciences, Forestry and the University Provost terminated the UGFE, and instructed the Departments to restructure their degree programs in Economics.1 The advantage of having separate applied economics and economics programs for the University as a whole are several. First, students in Agricultural and Resource Economics, Economics and Forest Resources will be better served by customizing core courses to focus on their interests, career prospects and faculty interests. In particular, 1 See Memorandum from Provost and Executive Vice President Sabah Randhawa and Dean Sally Francis of the Graduate School dated 12 April 2006 in Appendix 1. 2 the Department of Economics will be able to deliver core curricula consistent with evolving professional standards in Economics, for example, modern macroeconomic theory. Second, a traditional mainstream Department of Economics is an integral part of every university, including the modern Land Grant University, serving a key role in general education, with an extensive service role to the School of Business, College of Agricultural Sciences and College of Forestry. B. Location within the institution's organizational structure. Include "before" and "after" organizational charts (show reporting lines all the way up to the Provost). Before: The UGFE consisted of economists in Agricultural and Resource Economics, Economics, and Forest Resources who were members of the OSU graduate faculty. The administrative reporting structure of the UGFE is depicted in Figure 1. Figure 1: UGFE Organizational Structure Provost and Executive Vice-President UGFE Deans Council (Deans of the Graduate School, Agricultural Sciences, Forestry, and Liberal Arts) UGFE Administrative Committee Chairs of UGFE, Economics, and Heads of AREC and Forest Resources UGFE Faculty UGFE Policy Committee The Chair of the UGFE was selected by the Dean of the Graduate School, with the advice/recommendation of the deans of the three participating colleges (Agricultural Sciences, Forestry, and Liberal Arts). The Chair was administratively responsible to the Dean of the Graduate School. The Chair of the UGFE worked with the Heads of the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources, and the Chair of the Department of Economics to assure that core classes were regularly taught, and that core preliminary examinations in quantitative methods (econometrics), macroeconomics and microeconomics were administered in accordance to the UGFE procedural guidelines. It is important to observe that the organizational structure depicted in Figure 1 pertained exclusively to the UGFE and did not override or take precedence over the Oregon State University organizational chart.2 2 See Oregon State University Organizational Chart in Appendix 2. 3 After: Termination of the UGFE eliminates the organizational structure depicted in Figure 1. The new organizational chart for the graduate programs follows that of Oregon State University, is given in Figure 2. Figure 2: Organizational Structure for Proposed Programs | Provost and Executive Vice-President Graduate School Dean of the College of Liberal Arts Chair Department of Economics Faculty-Department of Economics C. Objectives, functions (e.g., instruction, research, public service), and activities of the proposed unit. 1. Explain how the program or unit's current objectives, functions, and/or activities will be changed. Where applicable, address issues such as course offerings, program requirements, admission requirements, student learning outcomes and experiences, and advising structure and availability. How will the reorganized program be stronger than the existing program? Primary Objectives: The primary objective of the Department of Economics at Oregon State University is to offer the people of Oregon, the nation and the world, academic programs leading to B.S., M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics that meet the highest professional standards. The changes to the graduate program that are proposed herein do not alter our primary objective but, as will be indicated below, facilitate its attainment, especially with regards to the provision and delivery of graduate programs. Our undergraduate program is unaffected by the changes proposed herein as no resources are (or will be) diverted from the undergraduate programs to support the changes being proposed (see section D). Specific Objectives: For the last eighteen years, the Department of Economics has participated in offering graduate programs leading to M.A./M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Economics via the UGFE. The specific objectives for each of these programs are: 4 Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Degree The objectives of the Doctor of Philosophy program are to provide students with, a) The ability to understand, apply and contribute to the development of fundamental knowledge in economic theory and econometrics. b) The ability to engage in original research in traditional fields in Economics which are supported by faculty expertise. Currently the fields are Econometrics, Industrial Organization and International Economics. The Ph.D. program qualifies its graduates for teaching and conducting research in institutions of higher education, as well as for employment in government agencies and private enterprises that require economists with doctoral level of training, capable of performing and directing advanced economic projects. Master of Arts (M.A.) and Master of Science (M.S.) Degrees The objectives of the Masters of Arts and Science programs are to provide students with, a) The ability to understand and apply fundamental knowledge in economic theory and econometrics. b) The ability to engage in research in a field of interest. The M.A. and M.S. programs qualify their graduates for employment in academic institutions, government agencies and private enterprises that require economists with rigorous level of training, capable of performing advanced economic projects. The M.A. and M.S. programs also provide a solid foundation for continued study at the Doctoral level. Similar to the case of our primary objectives, the changes proposed herein to our graduate programs do not impact the specific objectives listed above. However, they allow for more efficient delivery of these programs. We now provide the new program requirements and course offerings. We then contrast the new program with the one in existence. 5 New Program Requirements and Course offerings 1. Courses: All courses listed below are already offered by the Department of Economics. First Year Irrespective of degree objective (M.A., M.S. or Ph.D.) first year graduate students in Economics take a common set of courses in econometrics, macroeconomics, microeconomics and mathematical methods for economists. Mathematics for Economists: ECON 529 (4 credits) Mathematics for Economists I; ECON 611 (4 credits) Mathematics for Economists II Microeconomics: ECON 612 (4 credits) Microeconomic Theory I; ECON 613 (4 credits) Microeconomic Theory II Macroeconomics: ECON 570 (4 credits) Macroeconomic Theory I3; ECON 571 (4 credits) Macroeconomic Theory II. Econometrics: ECON 523 (4 credits) Statistics for Econometrics; ECON 525 (4 credits) Econometrics; ECON 526 (4 credits) Econometrics II Table 1 provides the distribution of these classes throughout the three academic quarters. Table 1: First Year Grid of Classes for M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. Fall Term ECON 611 ECON 523 ECON 529 Winter Term ECON 612 ECON 525 ECON 570 Spring Term ECON 613 ECON 526 ECON 571 Second Year a) M.A., M.S. Programs: Students must complete at least two 500 (or above) - level classes in a field in Economics (8 credits). The field classes are: Econometrics ECON 563 (4 credits) Productivity Analysis ECON 626 (4 credits) Efficiency and Productivity Measurement ECON 627 (4 credits) Applied Micro-Econometrics 3 For clarification purposes, we note that ECON 515 – Macroeconomic Theory I as referred to in the Applied Economics abbreviated category I proposal will no longer be offered by the Department of Economics as part of our core course offerings for students pursuing graduate degrees in Economics. That course could be offered (under a different number) by our Department as a service course to the Applied Economics program if a suitable arrangement is established. 6 ECON 628 (4 credits) Advanced Econometrics Industrial Organization ECON 560 (4 credits) Industrial Organization Theory and Policy ECON 565 (4 credits) Transportation Economics ECON 660 (4 credits) Industrial Organization and Technological Change ECON 607 (4 credits) Seminar in Industrial Organization International Economics ECON 540 (4 credits) International Trade Theory and Policy ECON 541 (4 credits) International Finance Theory and Policy ECON 555 (4 credits) Economic Development ECON 640 (4 credits) International Trade and Economic Growth ECON 607 (4 credits) Seminar in International Trade4 Table 2: Second Year Grid of Classes for M.A., M.S. Fall Term Winter Term Field Elective Field Elective Thesis Thesis Thesis Thesis Spring Term Thesis Thesis Thesis b) Ph.D. Program: Students must complete the following coursework: b.1) ECON 628 (4 credits) Advanced Econometrics and ECON 627 (4 credits) Applied Micro-Econometrics b.2) Requirements for at least two fields in Economics b.2.1) The field in Econometrics requires successful completion of: ECON 626 (4 credits) Efficiency and Productivity Measurement ECON 627 (4 credits) Applied Micro-Econometrics ECON 628 (4 credits) Advanced Econometrics b.2.2) To fulfill the field requirements for Industrial Organization a student must take at least one 500-level course and at least two 600-level courses from the list provided below. 4 Currently, ECON 607 Seminar in International Trade can be substituted by AREC 643 International Trade II. 7 Industrial Organization ECON 560 (4 credits) Industrial Organization Theory and Policy ECON 565 (4 credits) Transportation Economics ECON 660 (4 credits) Industrial Organization and Technological Change ECON 607 (4 credits) Seminar in Industrial Organization b.2.3) To fulfill the field requirements for International Economics a student must take at least one 500-level course and at least two 600-level courses from the list provided below. International Economics ECON 540 (4 credits) International Trade Theory and Policy ECON 541 (4 credits) International Finance Theory and Policy ECON 555 (4 credits) Economic Development ECON 640 (4 credits) International Trade I ECON 607 (4 credits) Seminar in International Trade5 Table 3: Second Year Grid of Classes for Ph.D. Fall Term Winter Term Field Elective Field Elective Field Elective/Thesis Field Elective Field Elective/Thesis ECON 627 Spring Term Field Elective Field Elective ECON 628 2. Requirements M.A., M.S. Programs: In addition to the coursework described above students must • • • • • • Maintain a 3.0 or better grade point average in all courses taken as a graduate student. Maintain a 3.0 grade point average or better in all courses included in the program of study in Economics. The program cannot contain any courses with a grade below "C". Maintain a 3.0 grade point average or better in all core courses. Enroll for a minimum of 8 credits of thesis hours. Complete and successfully defend a thesis in the chosen field of study. Minimum total credit hours for degree completion: 53 credits. 5 Currently, ECON 607 Seminar in International Trade can be substituted by AREC 643 International Trade II. 8 Ph.D. Program: In addition to the coursework described above students must • • • • • • • • Maintain a 3.0 or better grade point average in all courses taken as a graduate student. Maintain a 3.0 grade point average or better in all courses included in the program of study in Economics. The program cannot contain any courses with a grade below "C". Maintain a 3.0 grade point average or better in all core courses. Enroll for a minimum of 54 credits of thesis/dissertation hours. Pass preliminary examinations in Microeconomics and Macroeconomics after their first year of study. Write an acceptable field paper in at least two Ph.D. fields offered by the Department of Economics at Oregon State University. The field paper should demonstrate the student's proficiency in the field of study beyond the coursework. The field paper must be submitted after the completion of the Ph.D. field courses. Complete and successfully defend a doctoral dissertation. Minimum total credit hours for degree completion: 115 credits. Changes from current required coursework and requirements M.A. and M.S. Programs The coursework and requirements for the programs described above differ from those currently available by the following: 1. Courses Mathematics for Economists: ECON 611 (4 credits) Mathematics for Economists II has been added as a requirement for M.A. and M.S. students. Microeconomics: ECON 512 (4 credits) Microeconomic Theory I and ECON 513 (4 credits) Microeconomic Theory II are being dropped as requirements for the M.A., M.S. degree and are being replaced by ECON 612 (4 credits) Advanced Microeconomic Theory I; ECON 613 (4 credits) Advanced Microeconomic Theory II. Macroeconomics: ECON 515 Macroeconomic Theory I has been redesigned and given a new number, i.e., ECON 570 and ECON 571 (4 credits) Macroeconomic Theory II is being added as a requirement for M.A./M.S. students. Econometrics: No change. As a result, there is an addition of 8 required credits in the coursework needed to complete the M.A. and M.S. degrees. Table 4 provides the current and proposed grid of classes for first year students in the M.A./M.S. 9 Table 4: Current and Proposed Class Grid for First Year M.A./ M.S. Current Grid of Classes Fall Term Elective ECON 523 ECON 529 Winter Term ECON 512 ECON 525 ECON 515 Spring Term ECON 513 ECON 526 Elective Fall Term Winter Term Spring Term ECON 611 ECON 523 ECON 529 ECON 612 ECON 525 ECON 570 ECON 613 ECON 526 ECON 571 Proposed Grid of Classes 2. Requirements This proposal includes no change in requirements for the M.A./M.S. programs other than the coursework changes described above. Ph.D. Program The coursework and requirements for the program described above differ from those currently available by the following: 1. Courses Mathematics for Economists: No change. Microeconomics: No change. Macroeconomics: There is no change in credit requirements, i.e., the core is constituted by two 4-credit courses - ECON 570 (4 credits) Macroeconomic Theory I and ECON 571 (4 credits) Macroeconomic Theory II. However, there will be syllabi and course description changes through a separate category II proposal. The new syllabi are given in Appendix 3. Econometrics: No change. 2. Requirements Currently students are required to pass preliminary examinations in Macroeconomics, Microeconomics and quantitative methods (Econometrics). This proposal requires 10 students to pass preliminary examinations in Microeconomics and Macroeconomics. Hence, the preliminary examination in Econometrics will be discontinued. Advantages of the proposed programs over the current programs M.A./M.S. Programs a) The additional mathematics course (ECON 611) will provide students with the necessary mathematical tools to successfully complete the microeconomic sequence (ECON 612 and ECON 613). This course will not only increase the technical competence of our M.A./M.S. students, but will also provide them with the tools necessary to understand and use modern macroeconomic and microeconomic theories. b) The redesign of the macroeconomic theory sequence and the addition of ECON 571 Macroeconomic Theory II to the set of required courses strengthen the academic preparation of our students in macroeconomics, aligning our offerings with those in peer institutions, such as the University of California – Davis, Ohio State University, and Michigan State University. The current requirement, i.e., ECON 515 Macroeconomic Theory I under its current syllabus, does not provide students with adequate graduate level training that meets the standards of most graduate programs in Economics. c) The new set of required microeconomic theory classes for M.A./M.S. students, i.e., ECON 612 Advanced Microeconomic Theory I and ECON 613 Advanced Microeconomic Theory II replaces the current (lower level) microeconomic theory sequence formed by ECON 512 and ECON 513. The change is beneficial because: (i) the new sequence provides a more in depth and modern treatment of microeconomic theory that is aligned with first graduate offerings in peer institutions; (ii) under the current curriculum structure, ECON 512 and ECON 513 serve primarily students who either have not met all admission prerequisites (intermediate microeconomic courses and one year of calculus), and/or need remedial work in microeconomics. Most of our graduate students in the past (pursuing either M.A./ M.S. or Ph.D. degrees) have had sufficient training to proceed directly to ECON 612 Advanced Microeconomic Theory I and ECON 613 Advanced Microeconomic Theory II. Hence, delivery of our graduate program is made more efficient by eliminating ECON 512 and ECON 513 from our course offerings, and ensuring that our current admission standards are met. Streamlining the graduate program in this way benefits students, uses fewer resources, and is consistent with professional norms in economics. d) Completion of more advanced microeconomic and macroeconomic theory courses by the end of their first year will allow students to benefit more from field classes. Ph.D. Program a) The proposed program allows Ph.D. students to complete their core courses and preliminary exams by the end of their first year and all field courses and field paper requirements by the end of their second year. This will give our students early feedback 11 on their academic progress and enable qualified students to begin work on their dissertations one year earlier. b) The elimination of the preliminary examination requirement in Econometrics aligns the requirements for the Ph.D. program with those of most Economics departments, which do not normally require examinations in Econometrics. In addition, because we require four core classes in Econometrics, two more classes than required in macroeconomics and microeconomics, we believe the quality of students’ training in econometrics needs no additional monitoring instrument. c) Completion of the redesigned macroeconomic theory sequence (ECON 570, ECON 571) aligns our offerings with those in peer institutions, such as the University of California – Davis, Ohio State University, Michigan State University, and provides students with adequate graduate level training that meets the standards of most graduate programs in Economics. 2. Explain how outcomes in the newly organized program or unit will be assessed. A number of methods will be used to evaluate the restructured program. We will monitor job placement and publication activity of students. Exit interviews and alumni surveys will provide feedback from students and suggestions for improvement. External and internal reviews will ensure that the research and teaching programs are in line with professional standards for the M.S., M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in economics. In the Department of Economics, we are already engaged in assessment activities for the graduate degrees in Economics. A review of job placements reveals that our students have fared well. For example, recent Ph.D. graduates have taken assistant professor positions at SUNY-Binghamton, University of North Dakota, EERC-Ukraine, etc. 6 We have not conducted exit interviews or alumni surveys on a regular basis. We are a relatively small program, and faculty and students often continue professional relationships after graduation. We plan to institute alumni surveys and to conduct exit interviews to assess the newly organized program. We seek to enhance the curricula and the success of our graduate students by way of internal assessment as well. The Department of Economics restructured our graduate sequence in macroeconomics this year as a result of such an assessment. Economics Department faculty committees reviewed the other core course sequences as well. The recommended structure and curricula of the core course sequences were approved by the faculty of the Department of Economics. Internal assessment will continue under the newly organized program. We will continue to observe graduate programs in Economics Departments at other universities for better approaches to delivering graduate education. We welcome input from outside faculty 6 See Appendix 4. 12 members of Economics Departments on an informal basis as well as for formal external reviews. D. Resources needed, if any: personnel, FTE academic, FTE classified, facilities and equipment. 1. Identify the staffing and resource needs for the proposed program or unit. Note any impact on the budgets of affected programs or units. Provide an analysis of how the resulting programs or units will be adequately staffed and funded. The resources needed to provide the program described above are already in place. No additional resources from the University, College or the Oregon University System are needed as a result of this proposed change. We provide the following evidence of adequate resources: a) Since the inception of the graduate programs in Economics, the Department has successfully hired and maintained faculty capable of delivering a high quality graduate program. The faculty publishes in the leading academic journals in Econometrics, Macroeconomics, Microeconomics, Industrial Organization, and International Economics. These include the Journal of Econometrics, Econometrica, American Economic Review, International Economic Review, Journal of Monetary Economics, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Journal of Economic Theory and the RAND Journal of Economics. In addition, faculty either serve or have served on editorial boards for a number of peer reviewed journals. For the period that extends from 1993-2005, and using quality adjusted weights (impact, age and self-citation adjusted per character) of Kalaitzidakis et al. (2003) the faculty exhibits high research productivity, especially in per capita terms.7 b) All core and field courses listed above in the program descriptions are currently and have been regularly offered by the Department of Economics over the last ten years. The only exceptions are ECON 525, ECON 512 and ECON 612, for which we have obtained instructional support from the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics via the UGFE. We plan to cover these needs as follows: b.1) Since ECON 512 and ECON 513 are being dropped as a requirement for the M.A./M.S. programs and the Department faculty teaches one of these courses (ECON 513), the one course faculty savings will be used to staff ECON 612. b.2) Regarding the teaching of ECON 525 we make the following considerations. First, the Department has at least four faculty members (including Kerkvliet, Martins-Filho, Mishra and C. Tremblay) with expertise and teaching experience in graduate econometrics. Two of these faculty members (Kerkvliet and Mishra) also teach introductory undergraduate courses in Microeconomics and Macroeconomics, which are routinely taught by our Teaching Assistants (TAs). Hence, through an internal 7 Kalaitzidakis, P., T. Mamuneas and T. Stengos, 2003, Rankings of Academic Journals and Institutions in Economics. European Economic Association. 13 reallocation of teaching responsibilities we will shift an introductory course in Microeconomics or Macroeconomics to a TA, allowing therefore for staffing of ECON 525. Second, if the course labeled AREC 525 in the Applied Economics abbreviated category I proposal meets the Department of Economics academic standards for core Econometrics, we will be glad to use it as part of our core classes, and to help with its staffing, if necessary. c) The Department of Economics already has in place the administrative staff required to run and operate the graduate programs. In particular, since the inception of the graduate programs in 1988 we have had: c.1) a Director of Graduate Studies (tenured faculty member) responsible for all aspects of the day-to-day operations of the graduate programs, c.2) a Graduate Program Assistant (Office Specialist) who handles all bureaucratic aspects related to graduate student applications, admissions, assistantships contracts and fellowship awards, student progress monitoring, job placement assistance, etc. d) The Department has a dedicated budget for a regular seminar series. During the academic year 2005-2006, the Department of Economics financed 17 talks/seminars from external speakers. This seminar series benefits not only students and faculty in the Department, but also students and faculty in the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources.8 e) The Department supports graduate students (approximately 25 every year) with: Graduate Teaching/Research Assistantships: GT/RAs have a 9-month contract at 0.2 FTE (8 hours of work per week) or 0.4 FTE (16 hours of work per week). The GTA appointment includes a tuition waiver but students are required to pay student fees. Typical salaries range from about $5,557 to $15,038 per academic year. Summer teaching opportunities are also available. GT/RAs are available to master's students for a maximum of two years and to Ph.D. students for four years. Teaching Assistants enhance our undergraduate program with undergraduate tutoring. f) Graduate students in the Department of Economics have access to two computer laboratories. In addition, graduate teaching and research assistants are provided with office space and wireless internet in their offices. 2. Explain the extent to which affected faculty and personnel support this change. In the Fall of 2005, in an attempt to redesign the UGFE, the Deans of the Colleges of Agricultural Sciences, Forestry, Liberal Arts and the Graduate School asked faculty in the three UGFE constituent departments to provide a vision and structure for their graduate programs. The econometrics, macroeconomics and microeconomics core classes described in this proposal for the M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. programs are exactly those 8 The separate UGFE Seminar series consisted of only 3 seminars in the academic year 2005-2006. 14 included in the Department of Economics graduate program vision. This core structure was approved by the Department of Economics faculty on December 15, 2005. Other aspects of the programs, including field requirements and coursework, were already in place and had been previously approved by the faculty. E. Funding sources: state sources (institutional funds - state general fund, tuition and fees, indirect cost recoveries), federal funds, other funds as specified. 1. Identify the revenue and funding sources for the proposed program or unit (i.e., federal, state, other funding sources). The main source of funding and revenues for the Department of Economics will remain the same. 2. If new resources will be required (e.g., for new faculty positions, graduate research/teaching assistants, facilities, equipment), explain where these resources will be coming from. Specify whether internal reallocation, college, institution, federal, state, private, or other funding sources. [Note: Deans/chairs/heads/directors of units committed to providing additional resources will be required to sign the proposal.] No new resources are needed for the delivery of the programs described above. 3. Provide an estimated annual budget for the proposed program or unit (see Appendices). Not applicable. No change in departmental budget is required by this proposal. F. Relationship of the proposed unit to the institutional mission. 1. How will the proposed program or unit support OSU's mission and goals? As it has for the last 18 years, the M.A., M.S. and PhD degree programs in the Department of Economics “promote economic, social, cultural and environmental progress for people across Oregon, the nation and the world through our graduates, research, scholarship, outreach and engagement.” Our graduates have been and will continue to be placed in private and public sector positions in Oregon as well as other states and countries.9 Their research and scholarship, as well as that of the faculty will continue to promote economic progress in particular, for Oregon, the nation and the world. Our diverse student population will continue to serve as ambassadors for Oregon State University, Oregon and the nation. 2. Describe potential positive and negative impact of the proposed change on the program(s) or unit(s) involved. Identify other OSU programs or units which may be 9 See Appendix 4 for a sample of MA./M.S. and Ph.D. graduates and job placements. 15 affected, and describe the potential positive and negative impact on their mission and activities. In our view, the impact of UGFE termination and subsequent implementation of this proposal are the following: a) The UGFE structure was eliminated because a conclusion was reached that students pursuing graduate degrees in Agricultural and Resource Economics, Economics and Forest Resources could be better served under separate core curricula, which are best aligned with their respective departmental degree objectives, long term goals and professional standards. Hence, the overarching impact of the restructuring is positive, providing departments with the flexibility to design programs that best fit their needs. For example, in this proposal, by combining the first year program of study for the M.A./M.S. and PhD students in the Department of Economics, we will be able to streamline our program, leaving more time for students to focus on their theses and dissertations. This aligns us with common practice in graduate programs in Economics. b) The core classes in Econometrics (ECON 523, ECON 525, ECON 526), Microeconomics (ECON 612, ECON 613) and ECON 611 Mathematics for Economists II will continue to be offered under their current syllabi. However, currently these courses are cross-listed with Agricultural and Resource Economics. The Department of Economics will submit a Category II proposal to eliminate the cross-listing. We note that our current ECON 515 – Macroeconomic Theory I and ECON 615 – Advanced Macroeconomic Theory are not (and never have been) cross-listed with any other OSU department. c) The Department of Economics will continue to staff and offer core sequences in Econometrics, Macroeconomics and Microeconomics, as well as field classes in Econometrics, Industrial Organization and International Economics. Hence, economic related programs, disciplines and departments on campus - including the departments of Agriculture and Resource Economics, Forest Resources, Statistics, Political Science, Sociology, Finance - will find some of the core and field courses offered useful in constructing suitable curricula for their graduate programs. As has been the case in the past, we welcome their students into our graduate classes. d) Elimination of the UGFE structure and subsequent implementation of this proposal does not in any way eliminate or preclude collaboration in the delivery of any of the courses listed above, nor does it impact collaborative research between the Department of Economics and the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources. For example, the Departments of Economics and Agricultural and Resource Economics have collaborated and can continue to collaborate in the delivery of the International Economics field classes. e) This proposal eliminates ECON 512 and ECON 513 from our list of required courses for students in the M.A./M.S. program. As a result the Department of Economics will not staff ECON 513 (ECON 512 was normally staffed by the Department of Agricultural and 16 Resource Economics or Forest Resources). If this course remains a part of the graduate programs in the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources, its staffing becomes the responsibility of those departments and is addressed in their Abbreviated Category I. G. Long-range goals and plans for the unit (including a statement as to anticipated funding sources for any projected growth in funding needs). The long range objectives and plans for the Department of Economics are not changed by this proposal. Also, as indicated above, continued delivery of the graduate program described in this proposal does not depend on additional resources. However, we list below some of our long range goals and plans. a) The Department of Economics recognizes that it is an important part of OSU’s strategic goal of becoming a top ten land grant institution. All top ten land grant institutions in the nation have outstanding graduate and undergraduate programs in Economics.10 Hence, the Department of Economics is committed to providing high quality undergraduate and graduate courses to students in economics and other disciplines. The Department is also committed to recruit and retain internationally respected faculty who excel in high quality scholarship. b) Building on a solid foundation of Macroeconomics and Microeconomics, our graduate programs will continue to focus on areas/fields of specialization in which we have comparative advantages, e.g., Econometrics, Industrial Organization and International Economics. c) The Department will continue to pursue alternative sources of revenues from private fundraising, partnerships, and research grants. d) The Department is committed to increasing financial support for graduate students via a plan to attract outside research funding. H. Relationship of the proposed unit to programs at other institutions in the state. 1. What is the current relationship of the proposed program or unit to OUS and other higher education institutions in the state? Describe how this relationship might be altered based on the proposed change. Since the inception of the graduate programs in Economics at OSU in 1988, and among all OUS institutions of higher education, the Department of Economics at Oregon State University has interacted most closely with the Department of Economics at the University of Oregon. This interaction comes naturally due not only to our geographic 10 The New York Times reports (“A New Breed of College All-Star,” April 8, 1998, C1) a growing perception in academic circles that “If you don’t have a good economics department, you can’t have a great university.” 17 proximity, but also to the fact that the Department of Economics at the University of Oregon is the only other OUS - institution that offers a Ph.D. degree in Economics.11 This interaction has been particularly active in our seminar series, where faculty and students in both Departments have access to the seminar series sponsored by each of the two Departments. Also, faculties from each department are frequently invited to present seminars in each others’ seminar series. We are currently in conversations with the Department of Economics at the University of Oregon to institute a joint UO-OSU visiting scholar program. Professor Van Kolpin, Head of the Department of Economics at the University of Oregon and Professor Joe Stone, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Oregon are both aware and informed of the changes taking place in the graduate program in Economics at Oregon State University. They have expressed their institutional support to our proposal via the letter/email that are attached to Appendix 5. Professor Kolpin writes “…the UO Department of Economics has no objection to “traditional” graduate Economics degrees at OSU being administered solely by the OSU Economics department and if such an arrangement arose from your current situation, we would most certainly be fully supportive of that decision.” Professor Stone states in his email to Dean Schaffer, “I understand that your CLA Economics Department is developing a proposal for an independent graduate Ph.D. program. I know that you have made some very fine appointments to that department. While I do not know the specifics and relative merits for your college and the department, I can say that we have no objections to this direction, and certainly trust your judgment of the economics initiative. If you do decide to move forward, we and our department will want to offer our assistance as appropriate and will look forward to even stronger links and ties.” We have also provided this abbreviated category I proposal to the Department of Economics at Portland State University. The Chair of the Department of Economics, Professor Mary King, writes (see Appendix 5): “Thank you for sharing with me the proposal to re-organize graduate economics education at Oregon State University so the the Economics Department will undertake sole responsibility for delivering the PhD, MS and MA in Economics at OSU. I know that I can speak on behalf of the Economics Faculty at Portland State University when I say that we have full confidence in the ability of the OSU Economics Faculty to 11 The Department of Economics at Portland State University offers M.A./M.S. degrees in Economics and participates in the Ph.D. programs in Urban Studies and System Science. However, no Ph.D. program in Economics is offered. 18 mount an excellent graduate program in Economics. We have no objection to this proposal.” 2. Describe how the proposed change will affect other constituencies outside of OUS. Our main constituencies outside the OUS are a) future employers (academic institutions, government agencies and private institutions) of our graduates, and b) other government and private institutions that benefit from the research and expertise of our faculty. Of these, this proposal will affect most directly future employers of our graduate students. As described herein, this proposal in essence aligns our core course offerings with graduate programs in Economics offered by peer institutions. Therefore, we expect to produce students that will compete more effectively in the job market, and ultimately provide employers with better trained employees. I. If the program is professionally accredited, identify the accrediting body and discuss how the proposed change may affect accreditation. Not applicable. There is no accreditation body for degree programs in Economics. 19 APPENDICES Appendix 1 Memorandum from the Provost and Executive Vice President and Dean of the Graduate School 12 April 2006 Appendix 2 Oregon State University Organizational Chart OSU Alumni Association OREGON STATE BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION September 2005 Chancellor Finance and Administration Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Director Budget and Fiscal Planning Associate Vice President/ Director, Budget and Fiscal Planning Alumni Relations Director Community and Diversity Director Director Business Services Administrative Services Director Agricultural Experiment Station Forest Research Laboratory Director Director Director Research Sponsored Programs and Research Compliance Associate Vice President Director Director Research Centers and Institutes Academic Programs Dean Director Colleges/Departments Agricultural Sciences Dean/ Agricultural Experiment Station Media and Outreach Services • Environmental and Molecular Toxicology • Agricultural Education and General Agriculture • Fisheries and Wildlife • Botany and ** Plant Pathology • Food Science and Technology • Horticulture • Microbiology** • Chemistry ** • Rangeland Ecology and Management • Crop and Soil Science • Statistics ** Graduate School Director Director OSU Extended Campus Technology Support Services • Hatfield Marine Science Center • Institute of Natural Resources • Laboratory Animal Resources Center • Radiation Center • Sea Grant • Space Grant OSU Extension Service Director Directors • Academic Programs and Academic Assessment • Academic Success Center • Center for Teaching and Learning • Center for Writing and Learning • Difference, Power , and Discrimination • Writing Intensive Curriculum CAMP Program Director Engineering Dean Dean Dean/ Forest Research Laboratory Director • Accounting, Finance, and Information Management • Adult Education and Higher Education Leadership • Management, Marketing, and International Business • 4-H Youth Development Education • Teacher and Counselor Education • Bioengineering* • Chemical Engineering • Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering • Forest Engineering Institutional Research • Forest Resources • Forest Science University Librarian Director Health and Human Sciences Liberal Arts Dean • Student Involvement • Women's Center • • • • • Anthropology Art Economics English Ethnic Studies • Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Health Physics • Speech Communication • Women Studies*** • Public Health Director Educational Opportunities Program Director Memorial Union Minority Education • Asian/Pacific American Education • Casa Educacional • Indian Education • Ujima Education Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences University Events Director University Marketing Associate Director Director Recreational Sports Director Director • Community Service/Service Learning • Diversity Development • Greek Life • Student Conduct Dean Dean • Nutrition and Exercise Sciences Career Services University Publications Director Services for Students With Disabilities Directors • Air Force • Army • Navy/Marines • Mechanical Engineering • Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering • Wood Science and Engineering Dean ROTC • Human Development and Family Sciences Admissions Financial Aid and Scholarships Partnership Programs Precollege Programs Registrar SOAR SMILE Student Life Commanders OSU Press • Foreign Languages and Literatures • History • Liberal Studies*** • Music • New Media *** Communications • Philosophy • Political Science • Psychology • Sociology • School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science • • • • • • • Director • Design and Human Environment Research Communications Director/Editor Coordinators University Libraries Dean Forestry Education Dean Directors Directors University Honors College Faculty Senate Enrollment Management Assistant Provost Academic Programs Dean Business News and Communication Vice Provost • English Language Institute • International Education and Outreach • International Student and Faculty Services • OUS International Programs Dean Network Services Director • Agricultural and Resource Economics Administration Campus Administrator Director International Programs Dean Directors Public Safety Campus Advancement Director Computing Services Director Centers and Programs Technology Transfer Director • Bioengineering* Director Academic Affairs and International Programs Vice Provost Campus Executive Officer/Vice Provost Director • Animal Sciences Intercollegiate Athletics Assistant Vice President/Director OSU-Cascades Campus Vice Provost/Chief Information Officer Senior Associate Vice President Director Government Relations Student Affairs Information Services Research OSU Conference Services Vice President General Counsel Provost and Executive Vice President Research Vice President Business Affairs Human Resources University Advancement President Vice President Facilities Services OSU Foundation, Inc. Student Affairs Research and Evaluation Director Student Health Services Director Student Media Director Pharmacy Science Dean Dean • Pharmaceutical Sciences • Pharmacy Practice Student Support Services Director University Counseling and Psychological Services Director University Housing and Dining Services Director Veterinary Medicine Dean • Biochemistry and Biophysics • Biomedical Sciences • Biology *** • Clinical Sciences • Botany and ** Plant Pathology • Chemistry ** • Geosciences • Mathematics • Microbiology ** • Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory • Large Animal Services • Small Animal Services • Physics * Joint: Colleges of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering ** Joint: Colleges of Agricultural Sciences and Science *** Program Senior Administrators OSU Statewides • Science and Mathematics Education • Statistics ** • Zoology glb/2005-06 v.2 Appendix 3 Catalog Entries and Syllabi for ECON 570 and ECON 571 Catalog Entries. ECON 570 MACROECONOMIC THEORY I (4) Introduction to dynamic macroeconomic theory, including a review of Keynesian models, continuous and discrete time programming, Solow, Ramsey, and endogenous growth models, and real business cycle theory. OTHER PREREQS: ECON 315 or equivalent. ECON 571 MACROECONOMIC THEORY II (4) Advanced topics in macroeconomics, including complete and incomplete markets for risk, monetary theory and policy, New-Keynesian models of the business cycle, fiscal policy analysis, and labor markets and unemployment. OTHER PREREQS: ECON 515. Economics 570 Syllabus Course Name: Course Number: Course Credits: Prerequisites: Macroeconomic Theory I Econ 570 4 Econ 315 or equivalent Course Content 1. Background on Macroeconomic Issues and Problems • History: Keynesian economics, AS – AD, rational expectations • The relative importance of business cycles and growth • Business cycle facts 2. Tools for Analyzing Macroeconomic Models • Hamiltonians and continuous time optimal control • Recursive dynamic programming (Bellman’s equations) • Linearizing DSGE models • Solving Linear rational expectations models 3. Growth (with some fiscal policy) • Exogenous growth: The Solow model • Exogenous growth: The Ramsey model • Exogenous growth: The OG-model • Empirical failure of exogenous growth • Endogenous growth: Romer’s contributions 4. Real Business Cycles • History and basic model • Empirical failing of RBC theory • The RBC response and revival 5. Endogenous Fluctuations • Sunspots, bubbles and self-fulfilling prophesies • Chaotic business cycles • Non-believers’ admonitions Student Learning Outcomes Per university policy, we now specify student learning outcomes for all courses. According to the Office of Academic Programs, student learning outcomes are specific statements indicating an understanding, knowledge, or skill-set that a successful student will have obtained upon the completion of a course. 1. Explain the development and necessity of micro-based macroeconomic theory. 2. Demonstrate the ability to use the tools of dynamic programming to analyze DSGE models. 3. Use models to predict the impact of policy changes on endogenous variables. 4. Characterize and critique modeling assumptions, especially in the context of policy analysis. Evaluation of Student Performance There will be a midterm exam and a final exam, each worth 45% of your grade. The final exam will be comprehensive. Homework will be assigned and worth as 10% of your grade. Make up exams are offered only in case of verifiable emergency. Learning Resources • Required Texts – “Recursive Macroeconomic Theory,” Ljungqvist and Sargent. – “Advanced Macroeconomics,” Romer. • Reference Texts – “Lectures on Macroeconomics,” Blanchard and Fisher. – “Recursive Methods in Macroeconomic Dynamics,” Stokey and Lucas. – “Interest and Prices,” Woodford. – “Monetary Theory and Policy,” Walsh. Statement Regarding Students with Disabilities “Accommodations are collaborative efforts between students, faculty and Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD). Students with accommodations approved through SSD are responsible for contacting the faculty member in charge of the course prior to or during the first week of the term to discuss accommodations. Students who believe they are eligible for accommodations but who have not yet obtained approval through SSD should contact SSD immediately at 737-4098.” Student Conduct Students are expected to conduct themselves in a manner consistent with University guidelines: see http://oregonstate.edu/admin/stucon/achon.htm. Economics 571 Syllabus Course Name: Course Number: Course Credits: Prerequisites: Macroeconomic Theory II Econ 571 4 Econ 570 Course Content 1. Asset Prices and Consumption • Complete markets and risk • Asset pricing and risk premia • Consumptions/savings and permanent income • Incomplete markets and precautionary savings • The equity premium puzzle 2. Monetary Economics • Money in utility • Cash in advance • Lucas Islands 3. New Keynesian Models of Business Cycle Fluctuations • Menu costs • State dependant pricing • Over-lapping contracts and Calvo pricing • Woodford’s new Phillips Curve 4. Monetary Policy and Inflation • Welfare and inflation (why do we care?) • Friedman’s rule • Taylor rules • Inflation targeting and the central bank 5. Fiscal Policy and Public Debt • Ricardian equivalence • Optimal taxation • A fiscal theory of the price level 6. Unemployment • Basics of search theory • Search frictions and unemployment • Efficiency wages • Implicit contracts Student Learning Outcomes Per university policy, we now specify student learning outcomes for all courses. According to the Office of Academic Programs, student learning outcomes are specific statements indicating an understanding, knowledge, or skill-set that a successful student will have obtained upon the completion of a course. 1. Compute asset prices in a complete markets model. 2. Demonstrate the equivalence of the competitive markets outcome and the planner’s solution in a model with idiosyncratic risk and complete markets. 3. Explain the model dependent mechanisms through which fiat money has real impacts. 4. Compute optimal monetary policy in a new Keynesian framework. 5. Characterize and critique instrument and targeting policy rules. 6. Explain search friction and efficiency wage theories of unemployment. Evaluation of Student Performance There will be a midterm exam and a final exam, each worth 45% of your grade. The final exam will be comprehensive. Homework will be assigned and worth as 10% of your grade. Make up exams are offered only in case of verifiable emergency. Learning Resources • Required Texts – “Recursive Macroeconomic Theory,” Ljungqvist and Sargent. – “Monetary Theory and Policy,” Walsh. • Reference Texts – “Lectures on Macroeconomics,” Blanchard and Fisher. – “Recursive Methods in Macroeconomic Dynamics,” Stokey and Lucas. – “Interest and Prices,” Woodford. – “Advanced Macroeconomics,” Romer. Statement Regarding Students with Disabilities “Accommodations are collaborative efforts between students, faculty and Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD). Students with accommodations approved through SSD are responsible for contacting the faculty member in charge of the course prior to or during the first week of the term to discuss accommodations. Students who believe they are eligible for accommodations but who have not yet obtained approval through SSD should contact SSD immediately at 737-4098.” Student Conduct Students are expected to conduct themselves in a manner consistent with University guidelines: see http://oregonstate.edu/admin/stucon/achon.htm. Appendix 4 Sample of Graduates and Job Placements Sample of M.A./M.S. Recent Graduates1 Student Placement Information Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 5 Student 6 Student 7 Student 8 Student 9 Student 10 Student 11 Student 12 Student 13 Student 14 Student 15 Student 16 Student 17 Student 18 Student 19 Student 20 Student 21 Student 22 Student 23 Consulting Firm – Portland, OR Vice President, Central Bank, Republic of Georgia Hewlett Packard U.S. Treasury Ph.D. student in Public Health Economist – State of Oregon USDOT – Boston, MA Kaiser Pemanente Transportation Marketing Services - Southfield, MI FEDEX Center for Coastal Studies, Mexico Economist, State of Idaho Kittelson & Associates, Portland, OR Economist - State of Oregon Ph.D. student at Washington University M.S. in Statistics Ph.D. student at OSU in Economics Economist – Oregon Department of Transportation Roguewave Software Ph.D. student at the University of Amsterdam Boeing Corporation Regional Economist, State of Oregon KP Center for Health Research, Portland, OR Sample of Ph.D. Graduates Student Field Placement Information Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 5 Student 6 Student 7 Student 8 Student 9 Student 10 Student 11 Student 12 Student 13 Student 14 Student 15 Student 16 Student 17 Student 18 Student 19 Econometrics/ Env. Economics International Economics Econometrics/Env. Economics Econometrics/Industrial Organization Industrial Organization Industrial Organization Industrial Organization International Economics International Economics Industrial Organization Industrial Organization International Trade Econometrics/Industrial Organization Industrial Organization Econometrics Macro/Applied Econometrics Econometrics Industrial Organization Econometrics/Industrial Organization Assistant Prof. / East Carolina University Senior Researcher/Housing Research Inst., Korea Private Consulting, Minneapolis, MN Forecast Division/ FEDEX Corporation Economist, State of Alaska Korea Energy Institute Research Department/FEDEX Korean Foreign Trade Association, Korea Prof. of Economics, Kasetsart University, Thailand Research Fellow/Melbourne Institute Economist/State of New York Tbilisi State University, Republic of Georgia Assistant Prof./SUNY-Binghamton Citibank, Dallas, TX Assistant Prof./ Alfred University Ministry of Finance and Economy - Korea Assistant Prof./ University of North Dakota Seoul Economic Research Center - Korea Assistant Prof./ EERC – Kiev, Ukraine 1 Student names are suppressed for legal reasons. Appendix 5 Liaison Letters March 25, 2006 Carlos Martins-Filho, Chair Department of Economics 303 Ballard Extension Hall Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 96331-3612 Dear Carlos, I understand that for quite some time now, all OSU graduate economics degrees (irrespective of specialty) have been jointly administered by your departments of Economics, Forest Resources, and Agricultural Resource Economics but that this arrangement may be in the process of being discontinued. Having not been involved with the deliberations that have led to the current situation, I cannot pass judgment on what would be the optimal framework for administering graduate economics degrees at your institution. I can, however, say that the UO Department of Economics has no objection to “traditional” graduate economics degrees at OSU being administered solely by the OSU Economics department and if such an arrangement arose from your current situation, we would most certainly be fully supportive of that decision. Best wishes in finding an arrangement that best serves OSU student and faculty interests! Sincerely, Van Kolpin Professor of Economics Department Head University of Oregon [email protected] (541) 346-3011 Page 1 of 1 Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS From: Schaffer, Kay Sent: Thursday, May 11, 2006 10:26 AM To: Randhawa, Sabah; Francis, Sally K.; Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS Cc: Oriard, Michael Subject: FW: OSU/UO Economics Programs Sabah, Sally and Carlos – FYI - Kay From: Joe Stone [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, May 10, 2006 5:28 PM To: Schaffer, Kay Cc: Van Kolpin; Priscilla Southwell Subject: RE: OSU/UO Economics Programs Kay, I understand that your CLA Economics Department is developing a proposal for an independent graduate Ph.D. program. I know that you have made some very fine appointments to that department. While I do not know the specifics and relative merits for your college and the department, I can say that we have no objections to this direction, and certainly trust your judgment of the economics initiative. If you do decide to move forward, we and our department will want to offer our assistance as appropriate and will look forward to even stronger links and ties. Best wishes, Joe Stone, Dean College of Arts and Sciences University of Oregon 5/11/2006 Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS From: Sent: To: Subject: Mary C. King [[email protected]] Wednesday, July 12, 2006 12:24 PM Martins-Filho, Carlos - ECONOMICS OSU Phd Proposal Dear Professor Martins-Filho, Thank you for sharing with me the proposal to re-organize graduate economics education at Oregon State University so the the Economics Department will undertake sole responsibility for delivering the PhD, MS and MA in Economics at OSU. I know that I can speak on behalf of the Economics Faculty at Portland State University when I say that we have full confidence in the ability of the OSU Economics Faculty to mount an excellent graduate program in Economics. We have no objection to this proposal. Yours, Mary C. King, Professor and Chair PSU Econ Dept. ************************************************ Mary C. King Professor and Chair Economics Department Portland State University P.O. Box 751 Portland, OR 97207 [email protected] 503-725-3940 fax: 503-725-3945 ************************************************ 1 Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Rossi, Marion Wednesday, May 31, 2006 6:45 PM Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS Melton, Barbara ECON---Abbreviated Category I Proposal Good Day--Hope all goes well. The CLA Curriculum Committee today approved the Abbreviated Category I Proposal from Economics for changes to its graduate programs. Please be sure that the updated syllabi meeting current university requirements, as provided to me yesterday, are included with the proposal as it goes forward in the system to the university (rather than the older syllabi sent with the original hard copy). Two minor typographical errors were noted by the committee and should also be corrected before it goes forward: ---p. 16---subpoint 'c' under point 'G'---"grnts" should grants ---p. 17---large paragraph under question '1'---2nd to last sentence---"other" should be others' (plural possessive) Congratulations on what the committee found to be a very well-written, cogent, thorough proposal. Thank you and take care. Marion Chair, CLA Curriculum Committee 1 Page 1 of 1 Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS From: Walstad, John D. Sent: Monday, July 03, 2006 2:11 PM To: Beach, Gary L; Shellhammer, Gina Cc: Perry, Greg - AREC; Martins-Filho, Carlos - ECONOMICS; Francis, Sally K.; Dutson, Thayne; Schaffer, Kay; Salwasser, Hal; Adams, Darius; Albers, Heidi; Johnson, K. Norman; Montgomery, Claire; Rosenberger, Randall; Sessions, John; Boggess, Bill Subject: Comparisons between AREc/FR and Econ Proposals Importance: High Sensitivity: Confidential Gary and Gina: Thanks for your prompt action in beginning to process the two proposals dealing with graduate economics programs here at OSU. We are working on an AREc/FR response to the initial questions and suggestions that were raised in Gina's June 19 email message. We' ve also carefully reviewed the proposal put forth by the Economics Department, as well as revisited the one prepared by us . Our assessment is that both proposals are well conceived and presented, realizing that several details (e.g., funding, apparent duplication, undergraduate impacts , etc. ) may warrant more elaboration or discussion. We will comment on such details soon. Meanwhile, the attached document lists some positive features that we believe will help maximize success for both proposals. Feel free to share these with members of the Curriculum Council, Graduate Council, and others as appropriate. Perhaps some of them are worth including in the "executive summary" that will accompany the proposals as they move forward through the process. Jack Walstad Head, Forest Resources Department Greg Perry Head, Agricultural and Resource Economics Department 9/26/2006 Greg Perry & Jack Walstad June 21, 2006 Proposed Programs in Graduate Economics at OSU: Some Commonalities 1. The proposals were prompted by the divergence in educational objectives of graduate programs in “Economics” and “Applied Economics.” This, in part, was driven by the need for more specialization and more flexibility in the degree programs preparing students in these respective areas. For a variety of reasons, the former UGFE program no longer adequately serves the students across all the departments involved. 2. The emphasis of the proposal from the Economics Department (Econ) is on theoretical aspects. The emphasis of the proposal from Agricultural and Resource Economics (AREc) and Forest Resources (FR) is on applied aspects. However, there are elements of both theoretical and applied aspects in both programs. 3. Both programs have been developed by professorial faculty in relevant departments and are designed to maintain the integrity of their respective disciplines and curricula. 4. Both proposals advocate rigorous, high quality programs of graduate education in economics/applied economics for their respective constituencies. 5. Both proposals are designed to prepare students for career paths in the profession of economics/applied economics at both masters and PhD levels. 6. Both proposals state that they encourage inter-departmental collaboration among faculty and students. 7. Administration of both programs is reasonably straightforward. In the case of Econ’s proposal, the model used is similar to that used at other universities, especially those larger than ours. In the case of the AREc/FR proposal, a multi-college consortium approach is used that is somewhat similar to the former UGFE model that worked well until just recently. 8. There is apparent duplication of some coursework between the two proposals, including courses with similar names, numbers, and subject matter. However, the content and focus of such courses are quite different in order to support the respective emphases of the two programs. 9. The financial resources and faculty expertise needed to support both programs are mostly available from existing, internal resources. Nonetheless, separate graduate education in economics and applied economics will cost more to deliver than it has in the past. Also, there may be potential impacts on undergraduate programs in some cases. 10. Both proposals support OSU’s mission and strategic plan. 1 Review Comments from the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources on the Revised Category I – Abbreviated Proposal for Graduate Degree Programs in Economics July 18, 2006 Page 1, paragraph 2 – “Evolving professional standards in Economics and different learning and curriculum objectives for these different degree programs have reduced the areas of instructional intersection in core courses.” Can the Economics Department provide any documentation regarding how professional standards have evolved or is this simply the opinion of those who wrote the proposal? Providing references would help reviewers in weighing the merits of the case presented. We suggest that those who drafted this proposal review the critique of economics programs outlined in the 2005 Journal of Economic Perspectives article by David Colander. His article suggests the economics profession is moving towards an educational model like that used by the UGFE and away from the type of program described in this proposal. The article is well worth reading for those who want to understand the debate regarding mathematics and abstraction in economic graduate training versus empirical based training. Page 5, middle “…the changes…allow for more efficient delivery of these programs.” It is not clear how creating a second economics program at OSU that attempts to provide much the same approach to graduate education as is used at the University of Oregon results in any efficiencies in graduate education. The proposal needs to clarify this statement. Page 5, bottom “All courses listed below are already offered by the Department of Economics.” This statement no doubt speaks to the fact that all the core courses were listed as coursework in Economics. An important point omitted here is that, in reality, most were cross-listed with AREc. Further, several of these classes have been or are taught by AREc or FR faculty. In other words, because Economics intends to take over instruction of these courses, they are proposing to increase the amount of their Department’s resources used in graduate education. Page 5, bottom of page – “Irrespective of degree objective (M.A., M.S. or Ph.D), first year graduate students in Economics take a common set of courses in econometrics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, and mathematical methods for economists.” This decision represents a significant departure from the Economics Department’s recent program, in which MS and MA students completed coursework in microeconomics and macroeconomics designed to serve their educational needs. Our assessment is that the PhD coursework in microeconomics and macroeconomics is inappropriate for MA and MS students because it is too mathematical and abstract. In fact, even the PhD students benefit from the MS level coursework. Evidence of this can be obtained from historical student performance. A review of records for students who entered the PhD program in the Economics Department from 2000-2004 reveals that 21 of the 24 PhD students (88%) completed MS level microeconomics course AREc/Econ 512 before they took PhD-level microeconomic theory. Two others left the program without taking these courses, one skipped 512 and took only 513. It is apparent that the Economics Department felt at that time that these students needed this material, otherwise they could simply have audited the classes before taking the 600-level microeconomic sequence. The grades earned by these students provides further evidence that they did indeed need 512 and 513. Eight students received an A in 512, 4 received an A-, 3 received a B+, 3 received a B, 2 received a B- and one received a C. In other words, more than 40% of these students did not have an A or A- grasp of this master’s level material in microeconomic theory, even after taking the classes. Note also that the PhD students were competing for grades in these classes with terminal MS students. Similar results occurred for 513. Top 20 PhD programs in Economics can operate “first year” programs like that proposed by Economics because they attract top drawer students. It is clear from the present assessment that most of the students entering the PhD program in Economics are not at this level of quality. This assessment prompts us to raise several questions: 1. If the Economics department cannot attract PhD students who can skip over the MS level coursework, how can they conclude that it will work for terminal MS students to go directly to PhD coursework? 2. What measures are planned by the Department of Economics to attract top drawer students who can handle jumping directly into the PhD coursework in microeconomics? 3. The textbook used in the UGFE microeconomics sequence at the PhD level is Mas-Colell, Whinston and Green. Can the Economics Department provide examples of other graduate programs that require terminal MS students to complete microeconomic theory at the Mas-Collel level? To be clear, we are not asking about programs that give the MS degree as a “consolation prize” to PhD students who couldn’t pass prelims, but programs that have the MS degree as the final goal. 4. Over half of the PhD students admitted into the Economics Department from 1994-2004 left without receiving their PhD degree from that department. Given the small size of the proposed program (25 MS and PhD students), how many PhD students will need to graduate each year to justify keeping the program operating as a stand alone program? Page 7, PhD Program coursework Students in Economics must take two fields from among the three offered. Yet two of the three econometrics field classes (Econ 627 and 628) are also required as part of the core econometric training. Econometrics is the only field that contains courses that all students must take. The third course in the field (Econ 626) contains little econometrics. In other words, the Econometrics field is set up and implemented quite differently than fields in Industrial Organization and International Economics. A field by definition is an area of emphasis chosen by students. Given that all students are required to complete the only two advanced econometrics classes in the department, why call it a field? This raises a related question. In our review of other Economics programs across the U.S., we don’t know of any that require all students to complete more than a year of econometric coursework. Given the unusual nature of the Economics Department’s own requirement, the Department’s proposal should (a) provide examples of other departments that require this much econometric training and (b) indicate why OSU’s Department of Economics wants to require this much training. Does the Department expect to attract nationally known econometricians to join the faculty? Is there a employment niche the Department seeks to fill nationally? 2 Page 8-9, MA, MS Program Requirements Again, it is not clear why the higher level of mathematical abstraction and number of credit hours is needed at the MS level. Have previous graduates or their employers provided feedback that the previous training was not preparing students adequately for positions after graduation? Page 10, Macroeconomics courses The Econ 515 class in this proposal needs to be given a 600-level number. The Applied Economics proposal refers to the Econ 515 class as an MS-level class taught at much the same level and content as in previous years. The course syllabi provided by Economics for their version of 515 and 615 refers to it as a “two term sequence” of classes. Clearly, these are two classes taught at the same level, the second picking up where the first left off. If both are designed as PhD courses (as we judge they are) they should both be numbered as 600-level classes. This also solves a practical problem for reviewers, who currently are confused by references in the two proposals to 515 classes that are in fact quite different. Page 10, rationales for the MA/MS program Improving technical competence and academic preparation are not the only criteria that should be used to determine which courses are required. The proposal fails to address two other equally important criteria. First, is PhD level coursework appropriate to prepare students seeking only the MS degree? Second, will the students be able to survive courses with this level of mathematical rigour? According to the data summarized in Appendix A of the vision statement published by the Economics Department (January 2006), only about half of all students admitted into the UGFE MS program in Economics from 1994-2004 completed the program. How can making the program more mathematically rigorous and abstract do anything but further reduce this percentage graduation rate? Page 10, peer institutions The choice of these three peer institutions (UC-Davis, Ohio State and Michigan State) is very puzzling. In the January 2006 vision document, the comparators used were Washington State, Iowa State, North Carolina State, UC-Berkeley, UC-Davis, and Wisconsin. In point of fact, OSU’s program in Economics little resembles any of these programs with the possible exception of the program at Washington State. Consider this summary table of key comparators between the four Departments of Economics Number of Faculty Number of Graduate Students Ratio Grad Students to Faculty Number Undergraduate Majors Ratio Undergrads to Faculty Ranking in World (from study by Kalaitzidakis, Mamuneas & Stengos) Number of fields offered Ohio State UC-Davis 37 80 2.2 203 5.5 38 29 89 3.1 975 33.6 44 Michigan State Oregon State 41 12.5 81 25 2.0 2.0 600 57 14.6 4.6 28 190 8 12 11 3 3 The Economics Department at WSU is actually the only reasonable comparator among the programs listed. Until their recent merger with the Department of Agricultural Economics at WSU, they had about 11 faculty, 30-35 graduate students, and about 75 undergraduate majors. Kentucky and Kansas State are also Land Grant Universities who have Economics programs with size and ranking similar to OSU. Page 12, second paragraph “We are a relatively small program…” This is a true statement. In fact, of the 100+ Ph.D. granting programs across the U.S., we don’t know of any program that is smaller than the proposed program in Economics. There is good reason for this. Graduate programs in economics typically require more formal coursework than is the case for graduate programs in other physical, biological, or social sciences. This coursework consumes a great deal of faculty time. For a department to make this work financially, they must have a large pool of undergraduate majors generating enough net revenue from student credit hours to offset the financial losses from the graduate program. Alternatively, a small graduate program can be financially viable if faculty are bringing in large amounts of grant dollars to offset graduate student support and faculty salaries (as is the case in Oceanography) or have hard funding from an agricultural experiment station (or its equivalent). The Economics Department has a relatively small undergraduate student base and generates little or no grant monies, so it seems likely that the program is not financially viable at present. Washington State and Utah State are examples of two Land Grant universities where the Economics programs became so small that they needed to merge with their Agricultural Economics counterparts to remain viable. In the case of the Economics Department’s present proposal, the move is away from cooperating and sharing of resources and toward a stand-alone program. The question is whether the resulting program really is viable. In attempt to make this case, we suggest answering the following questions: 1. Identify other programs that have 12 faculty or fewer and currently offer the PhD program in Economics. How many graduate and undergraduate students are in these programs? 2. How much grant money do they generate? 3. How many fields do they offer? 4. Are these stand-alone programs or do they share coursework with (for example) agricultural economics programs? 5. Are there enough similarities between the Economics Department’s proposal and actually successful small programs to suggest that the proposed program is viable? Page 12, D. Resources needed The case made is that the Department of Economics will cover its additional graduate coursework by reallocating resources within the Department. They note that they will drop the Econ/AREc 513 course, which simply means shifting coverage of this class to AREc and FR. More important, as was noted previously, the Economics Department is proposing to offer a large number of graduate-level courses to a relatively small number of graduate students. Combined with low numbers of undergraduate majors and little or no grant support, we believe that the Economics Department cannot balance its books at present, let alone under their 4 proposal. We believe the Economics Department needs to explain their financial situation in greater detail and justify their proposed move toward increased cost. Specifially, 1. Outline what the Department is currently spending per year compared to what the College of Liberal Arts receives for student credit hours and undergraduate majors in the Department. These data were calculated in 2004 for all colleges and departments, so should be readily available. 2. Break these financial data down into lower division, upper division, and graduate-level coursework. 3. If costs are significantly more than College revenues, explain what will be done to close this gap. Page 15, second paragraph “Our graduates have been and will continue to be placed in private and public sector positions in Oregon as well as other states and countries.” A closer comparison of the Economics Department’s student placements is revealing. Virtually all its MS-level graduates have been placed in the private sector or in government positions, where they apply theory and econometric skills to real-world problems. At the PhD level, almost two-thirds of all its graduates enter the private sector or work in government, where the emphasis is on applied economics. Another 3 (16%) are employed at foreign universities and 4 (21%) are employed at U.S. colleges. Of the latter four, one is employed in a small business department to teach undergraduates and two others are employed in departments that offer only master’s-level graduate education, with degrees in Applied Economics. In other words, the move toward more theory and abstraction seems inappropriate for the kinds of students the Department attracts and where they are placed. If the Economics Department intends to raise its sights and aim to place its students into PhDgranting degree programs, the earlier question becomes relevent. How do they intend to attact more top drawer students who will be able to compete for academic positions in these higher ranked programs? 5 Page 1 of 1 Martins, Carlos - ECONOMICS From: Martins-Filho, Carlos - ECONOMICS Sent: Wednesday, August 23, 2006 2:46 PM To: Shellhammer, Gina Cc: Beach, Gary L; Grosskopf, Shawna - ECONOMICS Subject: Response to Comments Gina – In an email dated July 18, 2006 the Applied Economics group (AREc and Forest Resources) provided comments on the Abbreviated Category I proposal from the Department of Economics. The document was entitled “Review Comments from the Departments of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Forest Resources on the Revised Category I – Abbreviated Proposal for Graduate Degree Programs in Economics.” We have responded to these comments. During today’s meeting with Gary Beach, Bruce Rettig, and Hal Koenig I asked whether the group was interested in these responses. Gary suggested (and all agreed) that I send them to you via email. The responses are attached as a PDF file. Thanks, and I hope to see you soon. Best, Carlos 9/26/2006 Responses to Comments provided by AREc and Forest Resources on the Abbreviated Category I proposal from the Department of Economics Dated July 18, 2006 1. For evidence on evolving professional standards in graduate curricula in microeconomics, macroeconomics and econometrics please refer to syllabi, textbook contents and presentation in the mid and late 1980’s and compare to those of today. A number of examples that illustrate these evolving standards can be given in each of these core areas if needed. We are aware of David Colander’s article in the Journal of Economic Perspectives. Professor Colander has not taught in a Ph.D. granting economics department for 25 years and has argued for many years that economics graduate programs put too much emphasis on mathematics and theory. Evidently, his impact on the profession has been at best limited. A comparison of course syllabi and the curriculum structure in our proposal to other Ph.D. programs in Economics (see the documents provided by the Department of Economics as part of phase I of UGFE redesign) provides ample evidence of the adequacy of our proposed program. 2. We clarify that we are not “creating a second economics program at OSU” as claimed by the commentators. The program has been in existence for 18 years, and of the 22 courses listed in our proposal only 2 involve any change or redesign. The new program being created is the Ph.D. in Applied Economics. Regarding the issue of efficiency in the delivery of these programs, please read the subsection Advantages of the proposed programs over the current programs on pp. 10-11 of our proposal. Regarding similarities between our graduate programs and those at the University of Orgeon, we point out the following: (i) graduate core education in Economics throughout the world is, and ought to be, quite similar. This results from a growing consensus in the profession regarding what are the fundamental tools needed for professional economists; (ii) regarding the fields of study, we offer training in Econometrics and Industrial Organization that is quite different from what is offered at the University of Oregon. Some overlap exists in International Trade, an area where we collaborate with AREc in delivering field courses and student supervision. 3. The role and contribution of the Department of Economics in offering UGFE core classes is amply documented. It is also clear in our proposal that the Department of Economics will have no difficulty delivering the program we propose. See item b) on p.13 of our proposal. 4. Students with adequate training in Mathematics, and who have taken intermediate microeconomics theory at the undergraduate level are qualified to move into ECON 612 and ECON 613. Several of the students who came into our program during the 20052006 academic year have taken this path successfully. We have also successfully 1 implemented our new 515-615 macroeconomics theory sequence during the 2005-2006 academic year. The commentators call our proposed structure of common first year courses for M.S./M.A. and Ph.D. students “first year programs” and suggest that this is viable only in Top 20 Ph.D. programs in Economics. We point out that such graduate structure is widespread in Economics and not at all restricted to top 20 programs. It suffices to examine the programs (none of which ranked in the top 20 in Economics) at UC-Davis, Ohio State, Michigan State, and Washington State, to name a few. 5. We are unsure how to assess whether or not the number of graduating students in a particular program is adequate to justify the existence of a particular graduate degree. The numbers at OSU vary substantially for existing graduate programs. Here are a few examples for number of Ph.D.s granted during the last 10 years (AY: 1994-1995 to AY:2004-2005): Agricultural and Resource Economics: 22 Economics (through the Department of Economics): 18 Economics (through the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics):0 Economics (through the Department of Forest Resources):1 Forest Engineering: 19 History of Science: 4 Rangeland Resources: 11 Soil Science: 15 Wood Science: 9 Source: Office of Institutional Research. In addition, throughout the years the Department of Economics has emphasized quality over quantity with regards to graduate student training. Higher attrition rates are a natural consequence of a demanding program with high standards. We point out that some of the students that have not been successful in completing our Ph.D. program have gone on to complete Ph.D.s in Agricultural and Resource Economics. 6. The requirements to obtain a field in Econometrics go well beyond ECON 627 and ECON 628 – the classes required of all students pursuing a Ph.D. in Economics. We point out that we require additional classes in Econometrics because most of our Ph.D. students have at least part of their dissertation dedicated to empirical work. A solid education in Econometrics is therefore crucial for their research. We remind the commentators that prior to 1998, when the Econometrics requirements in the UGFE were changed, Ph.D. students in AREc, Economics and Forest Resources were required to take these additional two classes in Econometrics, beyond the first year sequence. At that time, AREc and Forest Resources opted out of second-year classes and the Department of Economics opted to continue requiring additional training in Econometrics. 2 Although ECON 626 is not a traditional Econometrics course, the material covered in that course is tightly connected to the nonparametric econometrics curricula in ECON 627. Together, they provide our students with cutting edge training in the econometrics of efficiency and productivity measurement. Lastly, we do not believe that additional coursework in Econometrics at the Ph.D. level is sufficient to attract top notch econometricians to OSU, although we already have a good group in house. However, if it helps in any way, we will certainly continue to have this requirement in place. 7. We believe the training our M.S./M.A. students will be receiving in our proposed program will serve them very well. We do not believe that our students will be overqualified for the job market, but if they are, we believe it is to their advantage in a rather demanding market. 8. The Macroeconomics sequence we are proposing is compatible with first year graduate macroeconomics training that follows undergraduate exposure to macroeconomic theory. Hence, if anything, we believe that ECON 615 ought to be relabeled as a 500 level course. The Department of Economics may propose such a change in the future. We agree that the two courses that are part of our macroeconomics core form a sequence. 9. Our choice of peer institutions is consistent with that in Oregon State University’s Strategic Plan. We aim to provide the best possible graduate education in Economics to our students, and that is reflected in our proposal. If the designers of the Applied Economics proposal believe it is adequate to model their program after those at Cornell University, Northeastern University, Auburn University, Clemson University, Mississippi State University, Texas Tech University, Western Michigan University, etc. which are not included in OSU’s Strategic Plan, we respect their choice. 10. An account of the resources needed to deliver our proposed program is given in our proposal. We appreciate the concern the commentators have regarding the financial soundness of our Department, but emphasize that we have been delivering essentially the same program successfully for the last 18 years. If anything, we question the ability of AREc and Forest Resources to deliver the program they propose, given that they have to cut undergraduate courses, and teach a number of classes that previously were taught by the Department of Economics. 11. Some statements provided by the commentators are incorrect. We provide corrections below: a) The number of undergraduate majors in Economics is 75. b) The rankings provided for the Department of Economics do not reflect recent productivity of the faculty. In fact, the data used by Kalaitzidakis et al. is eight 3 years old (1998), and more than half of the faculty in Ecoomics has been hired after that year. Updated productivity data from the faculty in the Department of Economics using the methodology of Kalaitzidakis et al. and how it compares to the productivity of the faculty in AREc and FR is available upon request. c) A substantial amount of the student credit hours generated by the Department of Economics come from the Introduction to Microeconomics and Macroeconomics courses that we teach in the baccalaureate core curriculum. 4 Appendix 6 Budget Table (OUS and OSU) Category I Proposal Budget Outline Estimated Costs and Sources of Funds for the Proposed Program Total new resources required to handle the increased workload, if any. If no new resources are required, the budgetary impact should be reported as zero. See "Budget Outline Instructions" on the OUS Forms and Guidelines Web site: www.ous.edu/aca/aca-forms.html Institution: Oregon State University Category I Proposal Name: Reorganization of the Graduate Degree Programs in the Department of Economics Academic Year: 2007-08 Operating Year: 1st Completed by: FTE Barbra King (indicate 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th year--prepare one page for each) Column A Column B From Current Budgetary Unit Institutional Reallocation from Other Budgetary Unit Dept College Column C Column D From Special State From Federal Funds & Appropriation Request Other Grants/Contracts Column E Column F Column G From Fees, Sales, & Other Income Endowment LINE ITEM TOTAL Personnel Faculty (Include FTE) Support Staff (Include FTE) Graduate Assistants (Include FTE) Fellowships/Scholarships *OPE: Faculty Staff GTA/GRA Nonrecurring Personnel Subtotal: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $0 Other Resources Library/Printed Library/Electronic Supplies and Services Equipment Travel Other Expenses Other Resources Subtotal: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $0 Physical Facilities Construction Major Renovation Other Expenses Physical Facilities Subtotal: $0 $0 $0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $0 $0 GRAND TOTALS: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage of Total 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% * See current OPE tables at http://oregonstate.edu/dept/budgets/budghand/tables.htm Appendix 7 Library Evaluation OSU Libraries Collection Development Library Evaluation for Category I Proposal Restructuring of the graduate degree program in Economics Title of Proposal Economics Department College The subject librarian responsible for collection development in the pertinent curricular area has assessed whether the existing library collections and services can support the proposal. Based on this review, the subject librarian concludes that present collections and services are: [ ] inadequate to support the proposal (see budget needs below) [x] marginally adequate to support the proposal [ ] adequate to support the proposal Estimated funding needed to upgrade collections or services to support the proposal (details are attached) Year 1: Ongoing (annual): Comments and Recommendations: Oregon State University Libraries economics collections suffer in comparison to those of the peer institutions mentioned in the Category 1 proposal (Ohio State University, University of California and Michigan State University). See attached report. Date Received: 6/26/06 Date Completed: 7/26/06 Margaret Mellinger Subject Librarian Sign&e Laurel Kristick Head of Collection Development Karyle Butcher University Librarian Date d 7/27/06 Date Date
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