Ballast Water Management
Systems
November 2011
Guidance Note
NI 538 DT R01 E
Marine Division
92571 Neuilly sur Seine Cedex – France
Tel: +33 (0)1 55 24 70 00 – Fax: +33 (0)1 55 24 70 25
Marine website: http://www.veristar.com
Email: [email protected]
2011 Bureau Veritas - All rights reserved
MARINE DIVISION
GENERAL CONDITIONS
ARTICLE 1
1.1. - BUREAU VERITAS is a Society the purpose of whose Marine Division (the "Society") is the classification (" Classification ") of any ship or vessel or structure of any type or part of it or system therein collectively hereinafter referred to as a "Unit" whether linked to shore, river bed or sea bed or not, whether
operated or located at sea or in inland waters or partly on land, including submarines, hovercrafts, drilling
rigs, offshore installations of any type and of any purpose, their related and ancillary equipment, subsea
or not, such as well head and pipelines, mooring legs and mooring points or otherwise as decided by the
Society.
The Society:
• prepares and publishes Rules for classification, Guidance Notes and other documents (“Rules”);
• issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports following its interventions (“Certificates”);
• publishes Registers.
1.2. - The Society also participates in the application of National and International Regulations or Standards, in particular by delegation from different Governments. Those activities are hereafter collectively referred to as " Certification ".
1.3. - The Society can also provide services related to Classification and Certification such as ship and
company safety management certification; ship and port security certification, training activities; all activities and duties incidental thereto such as documentation on any supporting means, software, instrumentation, measurements, tests and trials on board.
1.4. - The interventions mentioned in 1.1., 1.2. and 1.3. are referred to as " Services ". The party and/or its
representative requesting the services is hereinafter referred to as the " Client ". The Services are prepared and carried out on the assumption that the Clients are aware of the International Maritime
and/or Offshore Industry (the "Industry") practices.
1.5. - The Society is neither and may not be considered as an Underwriter, Broker in ship's sale or chartering, Expert in Unit's valuation, Consulting Engineer, Controller, Naval Architect, Manufacturer, Shipbuilder, Repair yard, Charterer or Shipowner who are not relieved of any of their expressed or implied
obligations by the interventions of the Society.
ARTICLE 2
2.1. - Classification is the appraisement given by the Society for its Client, at a certain date, following surveys by its Surveyors along the lines specified in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter on the level of compliance of
a Unit to its Rules or part of them. This appraisement is represented by a class entered on the Certificates
and periodically transcribed in the Society's Register.
2.2. - Certification is carried out by the Society along the same lines as set out in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter
and with reference to the applicable National and International Regulations or Standards.
2.3. - It is incumbent upon the Client to maintain the condition of the Unit after surveys, to present
the Unit for surveys and to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may affect the
given appraisement or cause to modify its scope.
2.4. - The Client is to give to the Society all access and information necessary for the safe and efficient
performance of the requested Services. The Client is the sole responsible for the conditions of presentation of the Unit for tests, trials and surveys and the conditions under which tests and trials are carried out.
ARTICLE 3
3.1. - The Rules, procedures and instructions of the Society take into account at the date of their
preparation the state of currently available and proven technical knowledge of the Industry. They
are not a standard or a code of construction neither a guide for maintenance, a safety handbook
or a guide of professional practices, all of which are assumed to be known in detail and carefully
followed at all times by the Client.
Committees consisting of personalities from the Industry contribute to the development of those documents.
3.2. - The Society only is qualified to apply its Rules and to interpret them. Any reference to them
has no effect unless it involves the Society's intervention.
3.3. - The Services of the Society are carried out by professional Surveyors according to the applicable
Rules and to the Code of Ethics of the Society. Surveyors have authority to decide locally on matters related to classification and certification of the Units, unless the Rules provide otherwise.
3.4. - The operations of the Society in providing its Services are exclusively conducted by way of
random inspections and do not in any circumstances involve monitoring or exhaustive verification.
ARTICLE 4
4.1. - The Society, acting by reference to its Rules:
• reviews the construction arrangements of the Units as shown on the documents presented by the Client;
• conducts surveys at the place of their construction;
• classes Units and enters their class in its Register;
• surveys periodically the Units in service to note that the requirements for the maintenance of class are
met.
The Client is to inform the Society without delay of circumstances which may cause the date or the
extent of the surveys to be changed.
ARTICLE 5
5.1. - The Society acts as a provider of services. This cannot be construed as an obligation bearing
on the Society to obtain a result or as a warranty.
5.2. - The certificates issued by the Society pursuant to 5.1. here above are a statement on the level
of compliance of the Unit to its Rules or to the documents of reference for the Services provided
for.
In particular, the Society does not engage in any work relating to the design, building, production
or repair checks, neither in the operation of the Units or in their trade, neither in any advisory services, and cannot be held liable on those accounts. Its certificates cannot be construed as an implied or express warranty of safety, fitness for the purpose, seaworthiness of the Unit or of its value
for sale, insurance or chartering.
5.3. - The Society does not declare the acceptance or commissioning of a Unit, nor of its construction in conformity with its design, that being the exclusive responsibility of its owner or builder,
respectively.
5.4. - The Services of the Society cannot create any obligation bearing on the Society or constitute any
warranty of proper operation, beyond any representation set forth in the Rules, of any Unit, equipment or
machinery, computer software of any sort or other comparable concepts that has been subject to any survey by the Society.
ARTICLE 6
6.1. - The Society accepts no responsibility for the use of information related to its Services which was not
provided for the purpose by the Society or with its assistance.
6.2. - If the Services of the Society cause to the Client a damage which is proved to be the direct
and reasonably foreseeable consequence of an error or omission of the Society, its liability towards the Client is limited to ten times the amount of fee paid for the Service having caused the
damage, provided however that this limit shall be subject to a minimum of eight thousand (8,000)
Euro, and to a maximum which is the greater of eight hundred thousand (800,000) Euro and one
and a half times the above mentioned fee.
The Society bears no liability for indirect or consequential loss such as e.g. loss of revenue, loss
of profit, loss of production, loss relative to other contracts and indemnities for termination of other agreements.
6.3. - All claims are to be presented to the Society in writing within three months of the date when the Services were supplied or (if later) the date when the events which are relied on of were first known to the Client,
and any claim which is not so presented shall be deemed waived and absolutely barred. Time is to be interrupted thereafter with the same periodicity.
ARTICLE 7
7.1. - Requests for Services are to be in writing.
7.2. - Either the Client or the Society can terminate as of right the requested Services after giving
the other party thirty days' written notice, for convenience, and without prejudice to the provisions
in Article 8 hereunder.
7.3. - The class granted to the concerned Units and the previously issued certificates remain valid until the
date of effect of the notice issued according to 7.2. here above subject to compliance with 2.3. here above
and Article 8 hereunder.
7.4. - The contract for classification and/or certification of a Unit cannot be transferred neither assigned.
ARTICLE 8
8.1. - The Services of the Society, whether completed or not, involve, for the part carried out, the payment
of fee upon receipt of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses incurred.
8.2. Overdue amounts are increased as of right by interest in accordance with the applicable legislation.
8.3. - The class of a Unit may be suspended in the event of non-payment of fee after a first unfruitful
notification to pay.
ARTICLE 9
9.1. - The documents and data provided to or prepared by the Society for its Services, and the information
available to the Society, are treated as confidential. However:
• clients have access to the data they have provided to the Society and, during the period of classification of the Unit for them, to the classification file consisting of survey reports and certificates which
have been prepared at any time by the Society for the classification of the Unit;
• copy of the documents made available for the classification of the Unit and of available survey reports
can be handed over to another Classification Society, where appropriate, in case of the Unit's transfer
of class;
• the data relative to the evolution of the Register, to the class suspension and to the survey status of the
Units, as well as general technical information related to hull and equipment damages, are passed on
to IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) according to the association working
rules;
• the certificates, documents and information relative to the Units classed with the Society may be
reviewed during certificating bodies audits and are disclosed upon order of the concerned governmental or inter-governmental authorities or of a Court having jurisdiction.
The documents and data are subject to a file management plan.
ARTICLE 10
10.1. - Any delay or shortcoming in the performance of its Services by the Society arising from an event
not reasonably foreseeable by or beyond the control of the Society shall be deemed not to be a breach of
contract.
ARTICLE 11
11.1. - In case of diverging opinions during surveys between the Client and the Society's surveyor, the Society may designate another of its surveyors at the request of the Client.
11.2. - Disagreements of a technical nature between the Client and the Society can be submitted by the
Society to the advice of its Marine Advisory Committee.
ARTICLE 12
12.1. - Disputes over the Services carried out by delegation of Governments are assessed within the
framework of the applicable agreements with the States, international Conventions and national rules.
12.2. - Disputes arising out of the payment of the Society's invoices by the Client are submitted to the Court
of Nanterre, France.
12.3. - Other disputes over the present General Conditions or over the Services of the Society are
exclusively submitted to arbitration, by three arbitrators, in London according to the Arbitration
Act 1996 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. The contract between the Society
and the Client shall be governed by English law.
ARTICLE 13
13.1. - These General Conditions constitute the sole contractual obligations binding together the
Society and the Client, to the exclusion of all other representation, statements, terms, conditions
whether express or implied. They may be varied in writing by mutual agreement.
13.2. - The invalidity of one or more stipulations of the present General Conditions does not affect the validity of the remaining provisions.
13.3. - The definitions herein take precedence over any definitions serving the same purpose which may
appear in other documents issued by the Society.
BV Mod. Ad. ME 545 k - 17 December 2008
GUIDANCE NOTE NI 538
NI 538
Ballast Water Management Systems
SECTION 1
November 2011
BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Section 1
Ballast Water Management Systems
1
General
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2
5
Scope
Ballast Water Exchange Standard
Ballast Water treatment systems
Timeframe for the implementation of Ballast Water Management
Ballast Water Management Plan (BWMP)
Ballast Water Record Book
Surveys and certification
Type approval of Ballast Water Management Systems
3.1
3.2
3.3
2
Background
The International Convention on Ballast Water Management
Definitions
Guidelines for the implementation of the BWM Convention
Ship requirements
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3
3
11
General
Type Approval process (G8)
Approval of BWMS that make use of Active Substances (G9)
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SECTION 1
1
BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
General
1.1
Background
1.1.1 Ballast water is essential to the safe and efficient operation of modern shipping, providing balance and stability to
un-laden ships. However, it may also pose a serious ecological, economic and health threat.
Indeed, the uncontrolled discharge of ballast water has been recognised as a major vector for the translocation of aquatic
species across bio-geographical boundaries. As many as 10,000 non-indigenous species (NIS) of plants and animals are
transported per day in ships around the world.
In favourable conditions, introduced species can survive the journey in ballast tanks and establish a reproductive population in the host environment.
In some cases, it may become invasive, out-competing native species and multiplying into pest proportions that causes
rapid change in the biodiversity of local marine ecosystems, therefore threatening the local environmental balance and
economic resources, and possibly generating health hazards for humans. This fact was first recognised internationally in
1992 within the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
In this context, some States have adopted national regulations (for example USA, Australia, Brazil) whereas the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) was requested to develop a global response that eventually took the form of an international convention adopted in 2004.
Note 1: For more information, see http://globallast.imo.org
1.2
1.2.1
The International Convention on Ballast Water Management
Objectives
The "International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments" (BWM Convention) aims to achieve:
"The prevention, minimisation and ultimate elimination of the transfer of Harmful Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens"
through "the adoption of appropriate rules on ballast water discharge".
1.2.2
Structure
The Convention was adopted by the International Conference on Ballast Water Management for Ships on the 16th February 2004. It contains twenty-two articles and one Annex, the latter containing the operational requirements or regulations. This annex is structured as per Tab 1.
Table 1 : Contents of the Ballast Water Convention
Section A
General provisions
Section B
Management and control requirements for ships
Section C
Special requirements in certain areas
Section D
Standards for Ballast Water Management
Section E
Survey and certification requirements for Ballast Water Management
Appendix I
Form of International Ballast Water management Certificate
Appendix II
Form of Ballast water Record Book
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1.2.3
Application
The BWM Convention applies to all (new and existing) ships designed or constructed to carry ballast water and entitled
to fly the flag of a Party to the Convention or which operate under the authority of a Party.
A few exceptions exist, in particular for:
• Ships that only operate in waters of their flag State
• Permanent ballast water not subject to discharge
• Warships.
1.3
1.3.1
Definitions
Ballast Water
Water with its suspended matter taken onboard a ship to control trim, list, draught, stability or stresses of the ship.
1.3.2
Ballast Water Management
Mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological processes, either singularly or in combination, to remove, render harmless, or avoid the uptake or discharge of Harmful Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens within ballast water and sediments.
1.3.3
Ballast Water Management System (BWMS)
Any system which processes ballast water such that it meets or exceeds the Ballast Water Performance Standard in Regulation D-2. The BWMS includes Ballast Water Treatment Equipment, all associated Control Equipment, Monitoring
Equipment and Sampling Facilities.
1.3.4
Ballast water capacity
Ballast Water Capacity means the total volumetric capacity of any tanks, spaces or compartments on a ship used for carrying, loading, or discharging Ballast Water, including any multi-use tank, space or compartment designed to allow carriage of Ballast Water
1.3.5
Harmful Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens
Aquatic organisms or pathogens which, if introduced into the sea including estuaries, or into fresh water courses, may
create hazards to the environment, human health, property or resources, impair biological diversity or interfere with
other legitimate uses of such areas.
1.3.6
Active substance
Substance or organism, including a virus or a fungus that has a general or specific action on or against Harmful Aquatic
Organisms and Pathogens.
1.3.7
Sediments
Sediments mean matter settled out of Ballast Water within a ship.
1.3.8
Constructed
In respect of a ship, constructed means a stage of construction where the keel is laid or construction identifiable with the
specific ship begins, assembly of the ship has commenced comprising at least 50 tonnes or one percent of the estimated
mass of all structural material, whichever is less or the ship undergoes a major conversion.
1.3.9
Major conversion
Major conversion means a conversion of a ship which changes its ballast water carrying capacity by 15 percent or
greater, or which changes the ship type, or which, in the opinion of the administration, is projected to prolong its life by
ten years or more, or which results in modifications to its ballast water system other than component replacement-inkind.
1.4
Guidelines for the implementation of the BWM Convention
1.4.1 IMO guidelines in support of the Ballast Water Convention are listed in Tab 2.
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Table 2 : IMO guidelines in support of the Ballast Water Convention
#
Scope
IMO resolution
Convention ref.
G1
Sediment reception facilities
MEPC.152(55)
Article 5
G2
Ballast water sampling
MEPC.173(58)
Article 9
Article 12
G3
Ballast water management equivalent compliance
MEPC.123(53)
Reg. A-5
G4
Ballast water management and development of ballast water management plans
MEPC.127(53)
Reg. A-2
Reg. B-1
G5
Ballast water reception facilities
MEPC.153(55)
Reg. B-3.6
G6
Ballast water exchange
MEPC.124(53)
Reg. D-1
Reg. B-4
G7
Risk assessment under regulation A-4 of the BWM Convention
MEPC.162(56)
Reg. A-4
G8
Approval of ballast water management systems
MEPC.174(58)
Reg. D-3
G9
Approval of ballast water management systems that make use of active substances
MEPC.169(57)
Reg. D-3.2
(1)
(2)
G10 Approval and oversight of prototype ballast water treatment technology programmes
MEPC.140(54)
Reg. D-4
G11 Ballast water exchange design and construction standards
MEPC.149(55)
Reg. D-1
G12 Design and construction to facilitate sediment control on ships
MEPC.150(55)
Reg. B-5.2
G13 Additional measures regarding ballast water management including emergency sit- MEPC.161(56)
uations
Reg. C-1
G14 Designation of areas for ballast water exchange
Reg. B-4.2
(1)
(2)
2
2.1
MEPC.151(55)
As a complement to (G6) "Guidelines for ballast water exchange", the IMO-MEPC adopted specific guidelines for ballast water
exchange in the Antarctic area, MEPC.163(56), relevant to Regulation A-3 of the BWM Convention.
Replaces MEPC.126(53).
Ship requirements
Scope
2.1.1 The main ship requirements concern the implementation of two standards that are intended to achieve the objectives of the BWM Convention:
a) Ballast Water Exchange Standard (based on dilution)
b) Ballast Water Performance Standard (based on treatment)
Note 1: In the long-term, only the Performance Standard will be required. The Exchange Standard should be considered as a transitory measure
(see also [2.4]).
2.2
Ballast Water Exchange Standard
2.2.1 The Ballast Water exchange process aims to mitigate the potential harmful effects of translocated species by diluting the discharged water in a large amount of sea water (see Tab 3).
There are three methods for performing the BW exchange standard that have been evaluated and accepted by the IMO.
They are described as follows:
• Sequential: A process by which a ballast tank intended for the carriage of ballast water is first emptied and then refilled with replacement ballast water to achieve at least a 95 per cent volumetric exchange.
• Flow-through: A process by which the replacement ballast water is pumped into a ballast tank intended for the carriage of ballast water, allowing water to flow through overflow or other arrangements
• Dilution: A process by which replacement ballast water is filled through the top of the ballast tank intended for the
carriage of ballast water with simultaneous discharge from the bottom at the same flow rate and maintaining a constant level in the tank throughout the ballast exchange system
Note 1: "Flow-through" and "Dilution" are considered as "Pump through" methods that require exchanging three times the volume of each ballast water tank. Otherwise, it should be demonstrated that at least 95% volumetric exchange is achieved.
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Table 3 : Description of the Ballast Water Exchange Standard
Reference
Description
Reg. D-1
At least 95% of volumetric exchange or, if using the pumping-through methods, three times the volume of each
ballast water tank.
Reg. B-4
The Ballast Water exchange shall be conducted at least 200 miles from the nearest land and in water at least 200
metres in depth
Guidelines •
•
•
•
2.3
Ballast Water exchange (G6)
Designation of areas for ballast water exchange (G14)
Ballast water exchange in the Antarctic area (MEPC.163(56))
Ballast Water exchange design and construction standards (G11)
Ballast Water treatment systems
2.3.1
General
The Ballast Water performance process aims to preclude the potential harmful effects of translocated species by preventing the uptake of species or removing/killing them before the discharge of ballast waters. This implies the use of dedicated treatment techniques that may include the use of Active Substances (see Tab 4).
Note 1: Regarding treatment methods, the BWM Convention does not provide specific requirements. However, treatment equipment (systems)
should be type approved following the IMO guidelines, and moreover, technologies that make use of active substances should be also approved
by the relevant IMO committee (MEPC).
Table 4 : Description of the Ballast Water Performance Standard
Reference
Description
Reg. D-2
Organism category
Viable organism (plankton)
Guidelines
Regulation
≥ 50 µm
< 10 cells per m3
10-50 µm
< 10 cells per ml
Toxicognic Vibrio cholera
(O1 & O139)
< 1 cfu per 100 ml or
< 1 cfu per 1g
zooplankton samples
Escherichia coli
< 250 cfu per 100 ml
Intestinal Enterococci
< 100 cfu per 100 ml
• Approval of Ballast Water Management Systems (G8)
• Approval of ballast water management systems that make use of active substances (G9)
• Approval and oversight of prototype ballast water treatment technology programmes (G10)
Note 1:
cfu
2.3.2
:
Colony forming unit.
Mechanical systems
As previously stated, the chemical or physical processes are usually preceded by solid-liquid separation: filtration,
cyclonic separation or flocculation technology.
a) Filtration:
The filtration system aims to remove the sediments, and particles off the water ballast during the intake, using discs or
screen filters. These filters can be self-cleaning with a back-flushing cycle; the waste water is backed to the water
source.
b) Cyclonic separation:
The cyclonic separation aims to separate solide particles from the water by centrifugal forces. The water is injected
with a high velocity implying a rotational motion. The centrifugal force increases the velocity of particle relative to
the water. Particles with a density greater than water can be separated; the effectiveness of the system depends on particles density, the particle size, the speed of rotation and the residence time.
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c) Flocculation:
The electro-mechanical separation, also named flocculation, can be used to increase the effectiveness of the system
described above. The flocculation consists in the injection of a flocculent (coagulant) to aggregate particles; filtration
or magnetic separation is then used to remove flocculated particles.
The process can be improved by the addition of a powder of high density besides the coagulant to produce heavier
heap which settle more quickly. Flocculation depends on time residence.
2.3.3
Physical disinfection
a) Ultraviolet light:
Ultraviolet (UV) light process employs UV irradiations to attack and break down the cell membrane killing or sterilizing organisms. Photons produced by UV irradiations are considered as an Active Substance.
Reagent, such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide or titanium dioxide can improve UV by providing greater oxidative
power. The effectiveness depends on good UV transmission through the water; hence suspended matters have to be
present in low quantity.
In general, UV treatment is used with filtration or another mechanical separation process.
UV lights are required to be maintained and power consumption needs to be considered.
b) Cavitation:
Cavitation is a process using Venturi pipes or slit plates to create cavitation bubbles. The cell walls are disrupted causing their death.
Ballast water is subjected to a sudden pressure drop.
c) De-oxygenation:
De-oxygenation is a method which removes the dissolved oxygen in water. Oxygen is replaced by inert gases (nitrogen…), then the created environment is not viable for aquatic organisms. It is necessary that the length of the voyage
is longer than the time period required to asphyxiate organisms (nearly four days). This method has the benefit to prevent corrosion if the level of oxygen is maintained correctly.
2.3.4
Chemical treatment
The chemical treatment consists in injecting a chemical substance in water ballast to eliminate organisms.
It includes the following methods:
a) Chemical biocides injection:
Chemical biocides are disinfectants killing organisms by chemical poisoning or oxidation. The following chemicals
are typical biocides: chlorine, chloride ions, chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite and ozone.
b) Electrolytic chlorination:
The electrolytic chlorination process is based on the generation of free chlorine sodium hypochlorite and hydroxyl
radicals, causing electrochemical oxidation through the creation of ozone and hydrogen peroxide.
c) Ozonation:
Injection of ozone in water produces chlorine gas and hydrogen gas. Chlorine gas is decomposed in chlorine ions
which oxidize all organisms.
2.3.5
Advantages and disadvantages of main treatment methods
The advantages and disadvantages for the main methods of treatment are presented in Tab 5.
2.3.6
Documentation to be available onboard
The following documentation is to be available onboard:
• Ballast water record book
• Copy of the Type Approval Certificate
• Confirmatory certificates of environmental tests of electric machinery and instrumentation in the system
• Manual of main equipment constituting the system
• Operating and technical manuals of the system
• Installation and trial procedures
• Initial calibration procedure.
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Table 5 : Advantages and disadvantages for the main methods of treatment
Method
Mechanical
Physical
disinfection
Chemical
treatment
Advantages
Filtration
• Self cleaning
• Friendly to the environment
• Simple installation
•
•
•
•
•
Cyclonic
separation
•
•
•
•
•
• Size of equipment
• Removes heavy particles
Flocculation
• Friendly to the environment
•
•
•
•
Voyage length is to be considered
Sludge tank for out-flocked needed
Storage tank for additives needed
Size of tank
Ultraviolet
• Effectiveness
• Friendly to the environment
• Clean sea and fresh water
•
•
•
•
Energy consumption
Operational cost
Maintenance
Ineffective for turbulent waters
Cavitation
• Effectiveness
• Energy consumption
• Sound
• Ineffective for high flow rates
Maintenance
High flow rate
Improve water clarity
No moving parts
Friendly to the environment
Reduces flow rate
Energy consumption
Back pressure
Not effective for micro-organisms
Sediments loads
De-oxygenation • Reduced corrosion in ballast tanks
• Simple if inert gas generator is fitted
onboard
• Voyage length is to be considered
• Controlled atmosphere in tanks
• Space
Chemical
biocide
• Effectiveness
•
•
•
•
•
•
• Friendly to the environment
• Potentially cost effective
• Eliminate wide range of species
• Small flow rates
• Only in warm seas
Chlorination
Ozone
Heat treatment
2.3.7
Desavantages
Non friendly to the environment
Holding time in tanks required
Oxides may affect tank coating
Storage of chemicals
Chemicals must be neutralized before discharge
Ineffective if insufficiently powerful
Requirements for installation of ballast water treatment systems (BWTS) - Requirements for classification
purpose
a) Documentation to be submitted
• Drawings and specification of piping system
• Material specification
• Drawings for pressure vessels (see NR467 Rules for Steel Ships, Pt C, Ch 1, Sec 3, Tab 5)
• Details on electrical and electronic systems
• If active substances are used in ballast water treatment systems, arrangement drawings for operating compartment
and storage room of active substances.
b) Capacity
The approved capacity of the BWTS is not to be less than the maximum expected flow rate of the ballast pumps. If
any, the operating restrictions to be observed during the ballast water treatment (e.g. limitation of the number of ballast pumps in simultaneous operation) are to be displayed in way of the BWTS control position and noted in the ship’s
ballast water management plan.
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c) Location
The equipment intended for the treatment of ballast water may be located in machinery spaces provided that the
safety requirements below are satisfied.
d) Installation in hazardous space
The ballast water treatment system, if intended to be fitted in locations where flammable atmospheres may be present,
is to comply with the relevant safety regulations for such spaces. Any electrical equipment of the system is to be
located in a non-hazardous area, or is to be certified as safe for use in a hazardous area. Any moving parts, which are
fitted in hazardous areas, are to be arranged so as to avoid the formation of static electricity.
e) Chemicals and hazardous by-products
Arrangements are to be made for:
• dealing with the possible production of hazardous by-products (aqueous or gaseous) during the ballast water treatment process,
• the safe storage and handling of chemicals.
The risks of fire, spillage, release of hazardous vapours and exposure of the crew, during both normal operations and
emergency situations, are to be taken into account. The location of the chemical storage tanks and handling equipment, the ventilation and fire-fighting systems and the draining arrangements are to be considered in this respect.
The relevant provisions of BWM.2/Circ.20 are to be satisfied.
Adequate personal and protective equipment is to be provided for all normal operations and emergency situations.
Note 1: BWM.2/Circ.20: Guidance to ensure safe handling and storage of chemicals and preparations used to treat ballast water and the development of safety procedures for risks to the ship and crew resulting from the treatment process
f) Materials
The selection of materials (including their coatings) used for the piping system containing treated ballast water is to
take into account the risk of corrosion, which may be increased by the treatment process.
Chemical storage tanks and piping are to be made of suitable material, resistant to corrosion.
g) Additional requirements for tankers
In tankers, the equipment intended for the treatment of ballast water from tanks located in the cargo area is not to be
located in machinery spaces.
2.4
Timeframe for the implementation of Ballast Water Management
2.4.1 Timeframe for the implementation of BWM convention is described in Fig 1. It should be noted that the dates are
only provisional as the BWM Convention has not yet come into force (Article 18 of the BWM Convention).
Figure 1 : Timetable for implementation of ballast water management
Date of ship
construction
Ballast
capacity
(m3)
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
< 1500
1500 5000
< 2009(1)
> 5000
> 2009 and
< 2012
> 2012
< 5000(2)
> 5000
< 5000
> 5000
Ballast water exchange or treatment (D1 or D2)
Ballast water treatment only (D2)
(1) Ships constructed before 2009 shall comply with the provisions by the date of
the first intermediate survey after the anniversary date or by the date of the
Special Survey, whichever is earlier
(2) A ship constructed in 2009 will not be required to comply with D-2 until its
second annual survey, but not later than in 31 december 2011 (IMO A.1005(25))
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2.5
Ballast Water Management Plan (BWMP)
2.5.1 In order to prevent and eventually eliminate the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens, Ballast water
Management should be performed in accordance with an approved Ballast Water Management Plan as required by the
BWM Convention (see Tab 6):
"Each ship shall have on board and implement a Ballast Water Management plan. Such a plan shall be approved by the
Administration [of a State, party to the Convention] taking into account the Guidelines developed by the Organisation
[IMO]." (BWM Convention, Regulation B-1)
The provisions set in the Convention should therefore be considered together with the related guidelines (G4) "Guidelines for Ballast Water Management and Development of Ballast Water Management Plans" (Resolution MEPC.127(53)).
From an approval perspective, the rules and guidelines defined in Tab 7 should be considered when applicable.
Table 6 : Provisions for a Ballast Water Management Plan
Reference
Reg. B-1
Description
The Ballast Water Management Plan (BWMP) is specific to each ship and shall include:
• Safety procedures for the ship and crew with respect to the Ballast Water Management
• Actions and procedures to implement the Ballast Water Management
• Procedures for the disposal of sediments at sea and on-shore
• Procedures for liaising effectively with authorities
• Designation of the Officer coordinating shipboard Ballast Water Management
• The reporting requirements provided for under the Convention
Guidelines Ballast water management and development of ballast water management plans (G4)
Table 7 : Reference rules and regulations for the approval of Ballast Water Management Plans
Reference
Description
BWM/CONF/36
"International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments"
(16 February 2004)
MEPC.127(53)
"Guidelines for Ballast Water Management and Development of Ballast Water Management Plans
(G4)" (22 July 2005)
MEPC.124(53)
"Guidelines for Ballast Water Exchange (G6)" (22 July 2005)
MEPC.174(58)
"Guidelines for approval of Ballast Water Management Systems (G8)" (10 October 2008)
MEPC.169(57)
"Procedure for approval of ballast water management systems that make use of active substances
(G9)" (4 April 2008)
MEPC.140(54)
"Guidelines for approval and oversight of prototype ballast water treatment technology programmes
(G10)" (24 March 2006)
SOLAS convention
International Convention for the Safety Of Life At Sea
MARPOL convention
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
Class Rules
Rules of the Classification Society
2.6
Ballast Water Record Book
2.6.1 Provisions for a Ballast Water Record Book are defined in Tab 8.
Note 1: A standard form of Ballast Water Record Book is available in Appendix II of the BWM Convention including the type of information that
should be recorded as a minimum
Table 8 : Provisions for a Ballast Water Record Book
Reference
Reg. B-2
10
Description
Every ship shall keep a record of each Ballast Water operation in the form of a Ballast Water Record Book:
• In a paper book or as part of an electronic system
• Contains at least the information specified in Appendix II of the BWM Convention
• Entries shall be maintained onboard the ship for two years minimum and thereafter for three years in the control of the owner or manager of the ship
• Readily available at all reasonable times
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2.7
Surveys and certification
2.7.1 Surveys are performed to ensure that the Ballast Water Management plan and any associated structure, equipment,
systems, fitting, arrangements and material or processes are maintained and comply with the requirements of this Convention. Survey and certification activities may be delegated by the Flag Administration to Recognized Organizations.
Section E of the BWM Convention specifies the requirements for initial renewal, annual, intermediate and renewal surveys and
certification. These requirements are in line with the Harmonized System of ship Survey and Certification (HSSC), i.e., Certificate with a maximum validity of 5 years, intermediate survey at the second or third anniversary date, annual surveys (see Fig 2).
Note 1: It should be noted that although the provisions of the Convention apply to all ships (except as set up by Article 3), the survey and certification requirements apply only to ships of 400 GT and above, except floating platforms, FSU and FPSO
Figure 2 : Survey requirements within a five-year cycle
+/3 months
Year 1
Initial
Survey
3
+/3 months
Year 2
Annual
Survey
+/3 months
Year 3
+/3 months
Year 4
Annual
Annual
Intermediate Intermediate
Survey
Survey
Year 5
Annual
Survey
Renewal
Survey
Type approval of Ballast Water Management Systems
3.1
General
3.1.1 In accordance with Regulation D-3 of the Convention, BWMS shall be approved by the Administration taking into
account Guidelines developed by IMO: (G8) "Guidelines for approval of Ballast Water Management Systems" in
MEPC.174(58).
Moreover, BWMS that make use of Active Substances are subject to specific requirements and shall be approved by IMO
following the (G9) "Procedure for approval of Ballast Water Management Systems that make use of Active Substances" in
MEPC.169(57) (see Fig 3).
Note 1: For BWMS that do not make use of active substances:
•
Only (G8) process is required for Type Approval
•
Safety related aspects are evaluated in (G8)
Note 2: For BWMS that make use of active substances:
•
Safety related aspects are evaluated mostly in (G9)
•
Performance/efficacy related aspects are evaluated in (G8)
•
In order to receive a Type Approval Certificate, the system must be granted Type Approval (G8) and Final Approval (G9)
•
(G8) and (G9) should run in parallel as Final Approval is granted on the basis of some results of Type Approval testing (residual toxicity in
the discharge)
•
Basic Approval is generally required for Type Approval testing unless an Administration regulates discharges from its own ships in its own
jurisdiction
3.2
3.2.1
Type Approval process (G8)
General
The guidelines (G8) "Approval of Ballast Water Management Systems" provide background information and general
requirements regarding the plan approval process and the certification procedure. The more detailed requirements are
set out in the Annex that is structured as per Tab 9.
Table 9 : Overview of the tests and performance specifications required for approval of BWMS
Annex - Part 1 Pre-test evaluation of system documentation
Annex - Part 2 Test and performance specifications
Annex - Part 3 Specifications for environmental testing
Annex - Part 4 Sample analysis methods for the determination of biological constituents in ballast water
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Figure 3 : Overview of the Type Approval process for Ballast Water Management Systems
BWMS that make
use of active
substance(s)
G9
Specific approval
1/ Basic approval
granted by
IMO-MEPC
2/ Final approval
granted by
IMO-MEPC
G8
Type approval
process
supervised by
the
Administration or recognized organization
Type approval Certificate
issued by the
Administration
3.2.2
BWMS that do not
make use of active
substance(s)
G8
Type approval
process
supervised by
the
Administration or recognized organization
Type approval Certificate
issued by the
Administration
Type Approval process
The guidelines (G8) set out the organisation of the Type Approval process that involves the manufacturer and the Administration that is concerned with the Type Approval procedure. The main steps of the process can be illustrated as per Fig 4.
Note 1: Beside the role of testing bodies/laboratories, it seems very likely that a shipowner will be involved in the process as the procedure
includes shipboard testing that requires the full-scale installation of the system onboard a ship.
Figure 4 : Flow-chart of the Type Approval process (G8)
Pre-test evaluation
Environmental testing
Test programme
Type Approval Certificate
Installation survey
3.2.3
Stakeholders and process organisation
The Flag State Administration may be willing to empower a Recognised Organisation that would act on its behalf in the
Type Approval process. The Administration may reserve the right to stamp the Certificate.
Similarly, the manufacturer may contract consulting services to assist in the preparation of the relevant documentation,
advice on the regulatory framework, and organise the communication within the project (see Fig 5)
Based on the requirements contained in (G8), Tab 10 highlights the main steps and the responsibilities of the different
stakeholders.
3.2.4
Requirements for testing bodies and laboratories
In the (G8) procedure the testing body entitled to perform the test should be conform to "recognized international [quality] standards acceptable to the Administration" (Annex, Part 2, §2.1.1). For environmental testing, a laboratory should be
"approved for the purpose by the Administration or by the competent authority of the manufacturer's home country."
(Annex, Part 3, §3.1).
The guidelines (G8) recommend the standard ISO/IEC 17025:2005 "General requirements for the competence of testing
and calibration laboratories".
Note 1: One shall refer to BV Rule Note 462 "Recognition of Test Laboratories" that is based on the principles derived from the standard ISO/IEC
17025. The main categories of requirements are reproduced in Tab 11
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Table 10 : Detailed description of the Type Approval process (G8)
Steps
Pre-test work
What?
Documentation
Environmental
testing
•
Operations and technical manual, drawings,
•
•
•
Link to ballast water management plan,
Environmental and public health impacts,
G9 documentation if required
Annex: Part 1, § 1.6
Annex: Part 1, § 1.6
Annex: Part 1, § 1.6
Evaluation
•
•
Readiness evaluation
Test proposal evaluation
Annex: Part 1, §1.3, §1.4
Annex: Part 1, §1.5
Quality control
(see also 3.3.3)
•
•
Quality Management Plan
Quality Assurance Project Plan
Annex: Part 2, §2.1
Annex: Part 2, §2.1
Shipboard tests
performance
•
Three consecutive valid test cycles
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.1, §2.2.2.4,
§2.2.2.5
•
Sampling
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.6 + Part 4
•
•
•
•
Test plan (submitted prior to testing)
Tests results
Record of ballast water operations
Scheduled maintenance during trial period
•
•
Engineering parameters monitored
Functioning of the control / monitoring equipment
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.1
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.4
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.10
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.10
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.10
Annex: Part 2, §2.2.2.10
Land-based tests
set-up
•
Test set-up evaluation (prior to testing)
Annex: Part 2, §2.3.9, §2.3.14
•
Test set-up approval (prior to testing)
Annex: Part 2, §2.3.9, §2.3.15
Land-based tests
performance
•
•
At least two sets of five valid replicate cycles
Inlet & outlet criteria
Annex: Part 2, §2.3.1
Annex: Part 2, §2.3.17-22
•
Monitoring and sampling
Annex: Part 2, §2.3.23-37
+ Part 4
Reporting &
approval
•
Test design
•
•
Methods of analysis
Tests results
•
Biological efficacy (approval criteria)
Approval
•
Approval of the laboratory
Annex: Part 3, §3.1
Testing
electrical and
electronic
section of
BWMS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vibration tests
Temperature tests
Humidity tests
Tests for protection against heavy seas
Fluctuation in power supply
Inclination test
Reliability of electrical and electronic equipment
Annex: Part 3, §3.4-7
Annex: Part 3, §3.8-10
Annex: Part 3, §3.11
Annex: Part 3, §3.12
Annex: Part 3, §3.13
Annex: Part 3, §3.14
Annex: Part 3, §3.15
Documentation
verification
•
Copy of the Type Approval Certificate
Main body: §8.1.1-2
•
Statement that BWMS passed environmental testing as
described in Part 3 of the Annex
Annex: Part 3
•
•
•
•
•
Equipment manual for major components of the BWMS
Operations and technical manual
Installation specifications
Installation commissioning procedures
Initial calibration procedures
Main body: §8.1.3
Main body: §8.1.4
Main body: §8.1.5
Main body: §8.1.6
Main body: §8.1.7
•
Installation according to specifications and drawings
Main body: §8.2,.1, .3, and .4
•
BWMS in conformity with the content of the Type
Approval Certificate
Main body: §8.2.2
•
•
The workmanship is satisfactory
Control/monitoring equipment operates correctly
Main body: §8.2.5
Main body: §8.2.6
Installation and
commissioning
Installation
verification
November 2011
Where in (G8)?
Main Body: Section 5
Annex: Part 1, § 1.6
Shipboard tests
documentation
Test
programme
How?
Annex: Part 2, §2.4
Annex: Part 4, §4.7
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Figure 5 : Recommended organisation among the stakeholders in the Type Approval of BWMS
Lab(s)
Flag State
Recognised
Administration
Organisation
Manufacturer
Shipowner
IMO-MEPC
The Flag State may propose an application for approval at IMO level if the system makes use of active substances (G9).
Table 11 : Requirements for testing bodies / laboratories involved in Type Approval of BWMS
Application
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Name, site address of the laboratory and contact details,
Outline of laboratory, organization and management structure,
List of typical products or types of products subject to the tests concerned,
Detailed list of the testing standards concerned,
Experience in the performance of these testing standards,
List of the laboratory staff with their name, qualification,
experience and training,
Copy of certificates or letter of recognition/approval/accreditation by other bodies, if any,
Copy of certificates for Quality Management System certification (ISO 9001) if any,
Quality manual, documented procedures and instructions, etc.
Record formats used,
Details of subcontracting, if any,
Detailed list of equipment used.
Management requirements •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Organisation
Management system
Testing standards and procedures
Review of request for testing
Subcontracting
Complaints
Nonperforming testing
Corrective and preventive actions
Technical records
Management review
Technical requirements
Personnel
Testing conditions
Testing methods
Testing equipment
Test items
Reports
14
•
•
•
•
•
•
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3.3
3.3.1
Approval of BWMS that make use of Active Substances (G9)
General
BWMS making use of Active Substances shall be granted a specific approval by IMO Marine Environment Protection
Committee, in addition to the Type Approval Certificate delivered by national Administrations. The aim is to assess the
potential risks generated by BWMS making use of Active Substances and evaluate the acceptability of Active Substances
and Preparations and their application in BWMS.
Three types of risks are considered:
• Risks to the aquatic environment
• Risks to human health
• Risks to the ship safety
3.3.2
Approval procedure according to IMO guidelines (G9)
The procedure described in the IMO guidelines (G9) is a two-step approach:
• Basic Approval that may be granted on the sole basis of lab scale data.
• Final Approval that may be granted provided that full-scale experiments confirm the acceptability statement previously obtained with the Basic Approval.
In both stages, the basic process organisation can be illustrated as per Fig 6, Fig 7 and Fig 8.
3.3.3
Methodology for conducting the risk assessment according to (G9)
In order to support applicants to the (G9) procedure, the GESAMP Ballast Water Working Group (GESAMP-BWWG) has
issued a methodology that describes the type of data and the methods to be used for the risk assessment of the proposed
active substances and their application in the management of ballast water.
Note 1: The "Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of GESAMP-BWWG" is available in ANNEX 4 of the Report of the
fifth meeting of the GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group (MEPC 57/2/10, 25 January 2008).
There are three types of risks to be assessed:
• Risks to the aquatic environment,
• Risks to human health, and
• Risks to the ship safety.
It should be noted that the bigger part of the risk assessment is concerned with the potential toxic effects induced by the
use of active substances in the BWM process.
In this regard, the risks to the aquatic environment and to human health may be assessed using the same methodological
principles that can be described as per Fig 9
Figure 6 : Specific organisation for approval of BWMS at IMO level (G9)
Manufacturer
Member of IMO
IMO-MEPC
GESAMP-BWWG
IMO-MEPC: the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organisation
GESAMP-BWWG: the GESAMP Ballast Water Working Group, where GESAMP stands for the "Group of Experts on Scientific Aspects of
Marine Environmental Protection", which is an advisory body advising the United Nations (UN) system on the scientific aspects of
marine environmental protection. http://www.gesamp.org
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Figure 7 : Basic Approval process of BWMS that make use of Active Substances (G9)
Data set, discharge test-data, discharge time, etc.
Only lab scale data is necessary, and discharge time
Request for additional data set
Manufacturer
is predicted in simplified dilution model
Dossiers of existing registration may be submitted
The Member of the Organization
Evaluate as confidential
Organization
Risk Characterization and Analysis
IMO Technical Group
Basic Approval by, and report to the Organization
For approved Active Substances the Organization
Organization (MEPC)
circulates the list to the Parties
The Member of the Organization
1. The manufacturer submits an application dossier to the Maritime Administration of a Flag State, member of IMO.
2. The Flag State evaluates and verifies the completeness of the dossier in the first place before proposing an approval to the IMOMEPC.
3. The IMO-MEPC forwards the application to its Technical Group that is the GESAMP-BWWG.
4. The GESAMP-BWWG evaluates the application according to (G9) and reports its conclusions and recommendations to IMOMEPC. The Flag State concerned may be requested to provide additional information.
5. The IMO-MEPC decides whether to grant Basic Approval to the proposed active substance(s) intended to be used in the BWMS.
6. The Flag State informs the applicant about the decision made.
Note 1: (G9) section §8.2.2: "Although Basic Approval under procedure (G9) should not be a pre-requisite of Type Approval testing,
as an Administration can regulate discharges from its own ships in its own jurisdiction, Basic Approval would still be required and
the specific technology could not be used in vessels in another jurisdiction without Basic Approval."
Figure 8 : Final Approval process of BWMS that make use of Active Substances (G9)
Data set, discharge test-data, discharge time, etc.
Manufacturer
Using Active Substances that have received Basic Approval
Discharge test with whole
Type Approval according to relevant IMO guidelines
Request for additional data set
system on the test bed
The Member of the Organization
Organization
Confirm residual toxicity of discharged ballast water
IMO Technical Group
with the evaluation under the Basic Approval
Approve the Ballast Water Management system that
Organization (MEPC)
makes use of Active Substances
Publish list of approvals
The Member of the Organization
1. The Flag State conducts Type Approval testing of the BWMS according to (G8) and conveys to IMO-MEPC the land-based tests
results related to the residual toxicity of the discharge water.
2. The GESAMP-BWWG reviews the full-scale residual toxicity data which are relevant to the toxicity data requested for the Basic
Approval. In addition, a meaningful PEC/PNEC ratio should be derived and documented.
3. The GESAMP-BWWG reports its conclusions and recommendations to IMO-MEPC
4. The IMO-MEPC decides whether to grant Final Approval
Note 1: (G9) section §5.2.1.2: "For Final Approval, the discharge testing should be performed as part of the land-based type
approval process [(G8)] using the treated ballast water discharge."
Note 2: PEC/PNEC means the ratio between the Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of a particular substance. If the ratio > 1, there exist a risk for the environment.
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Figure 9 : Rationale of the evaluation of BWMS by the GESAMP Ballast Water Working Group
Identification
Active substance(s), treated ballast water and by-products
should be identified and describes using the Global
Harmonised System of Classification
Data collection
Various type of information should be collected in order to
document the potential hamful effects of the substances
(aquatic, toxicity, mammalian toxicity, environmental fate,
chemical/physical properties, etc...)
Risk analysis and characterisation
Relevant indicators/criteria should be determined using the
collection of basic data with the view to determine the doseresponse relationship and the exposure
Risk assessment
It aims to compare the exposure levels to which the
environment or a population group is likely to be exposed
with those levels at which no harmful effects are expected
to occur
3.3.4
External guidelines for data collection and testing methods
External guidelines for data collection and testing methods are listed in Tab 12
3.3.5
Risk to the aquatic environment
In normal operations, the treated ballast water that is discharged in the environment may contain harmful substances
(products or by-products of the treatment process) that may cause unacceptable damage to the aquatic environment (see
Tab 13).
a) The PBT criteria
Screening Persistence, Bioaccumulation, and Toxicity (PBT) is a key assessment to be performed and submitted in the
application dossier (See Tab 14).
"In order to approve the application, the Organisation should determine that the Active Substances, Preparations or
Relevant Chemicals are not Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic (PBT)" (Guidelines (G9), §6.4.1).
"Active Substances or Preparations identified as PBT substances will not be recommended for approval in accordance
with paragraph 6.4.1 of the Procedure." (Methodology, §6.1.4)
b) External references
In general, "The tests for Active Substances and Preparations should be carried out in accordance with internationally
recognized guidelines" (Guidelines (G9), §4.2.3) and preferable the OECD guidelines (see Tab 12).
3.3.6
Risk to human health
The use of active substances in a treatment process may generate risks to occupational health as well as to public health.
(see Tab 15)
a) (Material) Safety Data Sheet
A (Material) Safety Data Sheet is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling
or working with a substance in a safe manner, and includes information such as physical and chemical properties,
toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill handling procedures.
In the procedure for approval of BWMS that make use of active substances, (M)SDS are required (Guidelines (G9), §
4.2.7) and shall be presented in accordance with the United Nations Globally Harmonised System of Classification
and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS).
"The (M)SDS should describe appropriate storage and handling together with the effects of degradation and chemical
reactivity during storage and should be included in the instructions provided by the manufacturer." (Guidelines (G9),
§ 7.2.1)
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Table 12 : External guidelines for data collection and testing methods required for IMO approval of BWMS
that make use of Active Substances (G9)
Organisation, scope and location of the guidelines
European Commission
Annex V to Directive 67/548/EEC:
• Part A: Physico-chemical properties
• Part B: Effects on human health
• Part C: Environmental effects, ecotoxicity and environmental fate
(European Chemical Bureau) http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals
OECD
Guidelines for the testing of chemicals:
• Section 1: Physical Chemical Properties
• Section 2: Effects on Biotic Systems
• Section 3: Degradation and Accumulation
• Section 4: Health Effects
• Section 5: Other Test Guidelines
http://www.oecd.org/
Browse by topic, select "Environment". In the topic area "Environment", select "Chemical Safety". then select "Chemical Testing - Guidelines"
UNECE
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Physical Hazards
Part 3: Health Hazards
Part 4: Environmental Hazards
Annex 1: Allocation of label elements
Annex 2: Classification and labelling summary tables
Annex 3: Codification of hazard statements, codification and use of precautionary statements and examples of precautionary pictograms
• Annex 4: Guidance on the preparation of Safety Data
Sheets
• Annex 5: Consumer product labelling based on the
likelihood of injury
• Annex 6: Comprehensibility testing methodology
• Annex 7: Examples of arrangements of the GHS label
elements
• Annex 8: An example of classification
• Annex 9: Guidance on hazards to the aquatic environment
• Annex 10: Guidance on transformation/dissolution of
metals and metal compounds
http://www.unece.org/
In the section "Programme", select "Transport", then select "Dangerous Goods"; on the right-hand side, in “IN legal
instrument and recommendations”, select "GHS" then “GHS official text and corrigenda”
GESAMP (UN body)
Report and Studies No. 64 (2002) "The Revised GESAMP Hazard Evaluation Procedure for Chemical Substances Carried by Ships"
http://www.gesamp.org
Select publications (free registration required).
"Documentation of hazards or the (M)SDS should conform to the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification
and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and the relevant IMO regulations (e.g., the IMDG Code) and guidelines (e.g., the
GESAMP Hazard Evaluation Procedure)." (Guidelines (G9), § 7.2.2)
According to UN GHS the SDS should contain 16 sections as follows:
1) Identification
2) Hazard(s) identification
3) Composition/ information on ingredients
4) First-aid measures
5) Fire-fighting measures
6) Accidental release measures
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7) Handling and storage
8) Exposure control/ personal protection
9) Physical and chemical properties
10) Stability and reactivity
11) Toxicological information
12) Ecological information
13) Disposal considerations
14) Transport information
15) Regulatory information
16) Other information.
b) External references
In general, "The tests for Active Substances and Preparations should be carried out in accordance with internationally
recognized guidelines" (Guidelines (G9), §4.2.3) and preferable the OECD guidelines (see Tab 12).
3.3.7
Risk to the ship safety
See Tab 16 and Tab 17
Table 13 : Features of the risk assessment for the aquatic environment (G9)
Scope
Description
Methodology
ref. (1)
(G9) ref.
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.2.1.1
6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3 / 6.3.6
6.3.7
5.1.1
5.1.1
5.1.1 / 5.2
5.3.6 / 5.3.11
Aquatic
environment
•
•
•
•
Fishes
Crustaceans
Algae
Organisms
Effects to be
assessed
•
•
•
•
Persistence
Bioaccumulation
Aquatic toxicity
Sediment toxicity
Data collection
and analysis
• Data on effects on aquatic plants, invertebrates and fish, and other
biota, including sensitive and representative organisms
3.2
4.2.1.1
•
Environmental fate and effects under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
3.4
4.2.1.3
•
•
•
•
•
•
Persistence, Bioaccumulation, Toxicity (PBT)
NAEC (2) values
Holding time of the treated BW
Reaction with organic matter
Degradation route and rate
Discharge concentration and environmental concentration under suitable emission scenario
6.1
6.2.3
6.2.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3 / 7.3.4
6.4.1
5.2.7
5.2.7
5.3.3
5.3.4 / 5.3.5
5.3.8
3.2.5 / 6.3.4
6.3.6 / 6.3.7
5.3.7
5.3.9
6.1
7.3.2
6.4.1
5.3.8 / 6.4
Risk
characterisation
• Potential for bioaccumulation
• PNEC (3) values for aquatic organisms and sediments
Risk assessment
method/criteria
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
• PBT (4) criteria
• PEC/PNEC ratio (5)
"Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of GESAMP-BWWG" is available in ANNEX 4 of the Report of
the fifth meeting of the GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group (MEPC 57/2/10, 25 January 2008).
NAEC means No Adverse Effect Concentration
PNEC means Predicted No Effect Concentration.
PBT means Persistence, Bioaccumulation and Toxicity. There are quantified criteria for a substance to be assigned as PBT, see
Section 6.1 of the Methodology.
PEC/PNEC means the ratio between the Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and the Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of a particular substance.
November 2011
Bureau Veritas
19
NI 538, Sec 1
Table 14 : PBT criteria for assessing the risks to the aquatic environment (G9)
Criterion
PBT criteria
Methodology ref. (1)
Persistence
(YES/NO)
Half-life:
> 60 days in marine water, or
> 40 days in fresh water, or
> 180 days in marine sediments, or
> 120 days in freshwater sediments
6.1.1 / 3.4.1 / 3.4.3
Bioaccumulation
(YES/NO)
Experimentally determined BCF > 2000, or if no experimentally BCF (2) has been
determined, Log Pow ≥ 3 (3)
6.1.2 / 3.2.5 / 3.4.2
Toxicity
(YES/NO)
Chronic NOEC < 0.01 mg/l
(1)
(2)
(3)
6.1.3 / 3.2
"Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of GESAMP-BWWG" is available in ANNEX 4 of the Report of
the fifth meeting of the GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group (MEPC 57/2/10, 25 January 2008).
BCF means Bioaccumulation Factor
Log Pow means the n-octanol/water partition coefficient
Table 15 : Features of the risk assessment for human health (G9)
Scope
Population groups to be examined
Description
•
•
•
•
•
Personnel operating the system
Personnel in ports
Passengers
Consumers via seafood
Persons at the coast (e.g. beach)
Methodology
ref. (1)
(G9) ref.
7.2.1
7.2.1
7.2.1
7.2.1
7.2.1
6.3
5.3.12
5.3.12
5.3.12
Effects to be screened
• Carcinogenic effects
• Mutagenic effects
• Endocrine disruptive effects
7.2.2
7.2.2
7.2.2
Conditions regarding personnel
operating the system
•
•
•
•
Normal operation
Maintenance
Repair
Accidental situation (ship)
7.2.1
7.2.1
7.2.1
7.2.1
Data collection and analysis
• Data on mammalian toxicity
• Environmental fate and effects
• Physical / Chemical properties
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.2.1.2
4.2.1.3
4.2.1.4
Risk characterisation
• Human Exposure Scenario
- Hazard identification
- Dose-response relation
- Exposure assessment
- Risk characterisation
7.2 / App. 2
6.3.3
Risk assessment method/criteria
• Margin Of Safety (MOS) approach
Additional information
• Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
(1)
20
App. 2
5.
6.3.2
"Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of GESAMP-BWWG" is available in ANNEX 4 of the Report of
the fifth meeting of the GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group (MEPC 57/2/10, 25 January 2008).
Bureau Veritas
November 2011
NI 538, Sec 1
Table 16 : Features of the risk assessment for the ship safety (G9)
Scope
Description
Potential risks
(G9) ref.
Potential risks may include, inter alia
•
•
•
•
•
Relevant data / information
(1)
Methodology ref. (1)
Increased corrosion
Fire and explosion
Storage and handling of the substances
Contact with, or inhalation of, process products
Noise
• Material Safety Data Sheet
• Physical and chemical properties hazards
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
7.1
5.
3.5
6.3.2
6.3.1
"Methodology for information gathering and the conduct of work of GESAMP-BWWG" is available in ANNEX 4 of the Report of
the fifth meeting of the GESAMP-Ballast Water Working Group (MEPC 57/2/10, 25 January 2008).
Table 17 : External references for evaluating the risks to the ship safety (G9)
Risks
Relevant regulations / rules / standards
Increased
corrosion
•
•
•
•
•
•
SOLAS, Ch. II-1, Part A-1, section 3-2
IMO Resolution MSC.216(82) (1)
IMO Resolution MSC.215(82) (2)
Bureau Veritas NR530 "Coating Performance Standards"
Bureau Veritas NI409 "Guidelines for Corrosion Protection of seawater ballast tanks and hold spaces"
Bureau Veritas NI531"Guidelines for the application of the IMO Performance Standard for Protective Coatings"
Fire and
explosion
• SOLAS, Ch. II-2 and related MSC circulars
• The International Code for Fire Safety Systems (FSS)
• The International Code for Application of Fire Tests Procedures (FTP)
Storage /
• MARPOL Annex II and III, if relevant
handling
• IMDG Code, if relevant
of the
• "Revised GESAMP Hazard Evaluation Procedure for Chemical Substances Carried by Ships"
substances
Contact or
inhalation
See [3.3.6]
Noise
• IMO Resolution A.468(XII) (3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
MSC.216(82) "Protective coatings of dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all types of ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk
carriers"
MSC.215(82) "Performance standard for protective coatings for dedicated seawater ballast tanks in all types of ships and double-side skin spaces of bulk carriers"
A.468(XII) "Code On Noise Levels On Board Ships,"
November 2011
Bureau Veritas
21
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Novembre 2011