MASTER: The First Russian Robotic
Telescope
V.M.Lipunov, A.V.Krylov, V.G.Kornilov,
G.V.Borisov, A.A.Belinsky, D.A.Kuvshinov,
M.Kuznetsov, S.Potanin, N.Tyurina,
G.Antipov, E.Gorbovskoy
Sternberg Astronomical Institute,
Moscow State University
Alexandr Krylov observatory
http://observ.pereplet.ru
Our goals
MASTER can carry out:
• early afterglow research into GRB, triggered
by alert from gamma-ray telescopes
• make synchronous observations of the region
of a GRB
• make sky surveys
• Find SuperNova
• Find Fast Optical Transients (http://otc.pereplet.ru)
• Find new and correct coordinates of known
asteroids, comets, etc.
Known Optical Transients
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Gamma-Ray Bursts
SuperNova
Nova
Variable Stars
Asteroids
Dangerous Asteroids
Coyper’s Asteroids
Comets
Meteors
Satellits
Space refuse
3-5/year
100-200/year
10/year
1000/year
1000/year
10/year
10/year
10/year
Possible source of short optical bursts in the
Universe
• Neutron stars merging – 1/min
(Lipunov,Postnov,Prohorov, 1987)
• Merging of neutron stars and black holes – 1/min (LPP,
1997).
• Merging of neutron stars and white dwarfs – 1/min
(Tutukov et.al., 2003)
• Creating of pulsars with fast rotating and strong
magnetic field (Usov, 1993)
• Collaps with fast rotating 1/min (Tutukov et al., 2003)
Telescope-Robots
MASTER – Mobile Astronomical System
of the TElescopes-Robots
Telescopes
Big Richter-Slefogt
CCD-cameras
-D/F=2,4
- 6 square degree
Small RichterSlefogt
- D/F=2,4
- 6 square degree
Flugge
German mount
- up to 8 degree/sec
D/F=2,8
-6 square degree
CCD-camera
AP16E (4000x4000 )
( V) CCD-camera
Pictor-416
(768x512)
The wide field Camera
LSL-902K Watek America Corp.
video-camera of high resulution
TV camera with 30x40 degrees field works up to 9m in
summary exposition in 1 min.
Camera works in Optical and Near InfraRed diapasone.
We made a film of Aurora at 29.10.2003 by it, when this
rare for Moscow latitude fenomena took place.
MASTER field of view is 6 sq.degree.
The limit magnitude (of 5 sigma) is
19m.2 (exposition is 90 sec)
•
One of the first images, made
by the telescope(MASTER) of
Richter-Slefogt System
(355мм) with AP16E CCDcamera.
6 sq.deg.
The image, made by ROTSE
http://www.rotse.net
3.5 sq.deg.
•
M
A
S
T
E
R
R
O
T
S
E
Our publications on optical observations of GRB’s
from the December of 2002 up to June 2004
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
GRB041016 (GCN 2773) -At 4h 30m after HETE GRB trigger time
GRB040929 (GCN 2755) -At 5h 10m after INTEGRAL alert 1991
GRB040924 (GCN 2738) - OT decay. We conclude that OT proposed by Fox and Moon can be real
optical emission from GRB040924.
GRB040924 (GCN 2737) - MASTER Optical observations after 5.3 h.
GRB040827 (GCN 2676) - possible OT at 5.9 h after INTEGRAL alert.
GRB040825A (GCN 2660) - 16.8h after HETE alert.
GRB040825B (GCN 2659) - 4-th sec After HETE alert.
GRB040624 (GCN 2616) - optical observation after 0,48d.
HETE Alert 3259 (SGR1806-20, GRB040528) (GCN 2608) - 10 min after trigger time.
HETE Alert 3274 (SRG1806-20, 040529) (GCN 2605) - 58 s after trigger time.
HETE Alert 3163, 3167 (040414) (GCN 2569) - 85 s after trigger time.
GRB040308 (GCN 2262)
2262 - 48 h after trigger time. OT limit 21.2m .
GRB030913 (GCN 2394 | GCN 2385)
2385 - 120 seconds after GRB time - clouds. 43 minutes after GRB
time - first image. OT limit - 17.5 unfiltered instrumental magnitude.
GRB030601 (GCN 2262)
2262 - 105 seconds after trigger time. Clouds. First measurable image of the error
box area was taken 55 minutes after the burst. OT limit 12.0.
GRB030418 (GCN 2158)
2158 - 11 hours after the GRB. First observation. OT limit 16.5
GRB030416 (GCN 2154)
2154 - 33 hours after the GRB. First observation. full Moon. OT limit 15.0.
GRB030414 (GCN 2157)
2157 - First observation . 8 hours after the GRB. OT limit 13.3 - 14.5.
Background level was high due to cirrus clouds illuminated by Moon (almost full).
GRB030329 (GCN 2091 |GCN 2035 | GCN 2002)
2002 - 5,5 hours after GRB time (first observation in
Europe), R-light curve during 7 hours.
GRB030328 (GCN 2103)
2103 - 5 hours after GRB time. OT limit 18.3
GRB021219 (GCN 1770)
1770 - after 7,5 hours GRB time. First observation of the first INTEGRAL GRB.
Between cloudes, OT limit 13.7
GRB030329
GRB030329 (GCN 2091 | GCN2035| GCN 2002) - 5,5 hours after GRB time
(first observation in Europe)
Firt in Europe image!
(5:5 h GRB-time)
R-light curve during 8.5 hours.
F ~ t α, α =1.22+-0.03
Rmag = 15.8 + 1.2*2.5*log(age in days)
Our sky-survey started at
November of 2004
30 sec
x3
OT
Particles
Satellits, airplane
Fast asteroids
There is about 20 objects at 1000squares (5800 sq.deg., about 4% of all sky)
Their stellar magnitude is in 14.3-16.6 limits.
m = 14.3
m = 16.6
m = 16.5
Observed Optical Transients:
Observation time, UT
2004-01-25 16:09:02
2004-01-25 17:04:56
2004-01-25 22:23:04
2004-02-02 01:31:49
2004-02-02 22:54:16
2004-02-03 02:26:45
2004-02-03 02:33:36
2004-02-03 02:45:16
2004-02-03 03:10:42
2004-02-03 03:48:34
2004-02-03 16:08:27
2004-02-03 16:55:29
2004-02-03 18:22:42
2004-02-03 21:17:52
2004-02-13 22:01:52
2004-02-14 00:22:59
2004-02-14 03:36:06
2004-03-12 19:17:42
2004-03-13 02:00:58
2004-03-14 18:41:23
RA
13 37 32.6
12 42 51.3
02 09 32
13 43 12.1
02 12 30.2
12 58 40 .6
05 07 55.9
20 20 23.3
10 30 15 .4
07 44 02 .2
13 48 22 .8
07 52 18.7
02 40 42 .4
12 31 32 .1
03 09 32 .6
13 06 19 .5
03 34 20.9
10 53 22 .3
13 47 22 .5
12 50 34.9
Dec
29 38 36.6
30 07 24.8
08 24 53.3
32 01 31.5
10 40 55.5
26 52 00.3
20 45 07.9
10 56 27.3
10 07 46.1
18 59 45.1
25 06 57.2
18 20 23.4
12 06 33.1
28 08 46.9
09 25 07.3
25 42 45.4
08 33 46.9
10 14 48.5
26 57 58.3
26 01 35.8
m
14.3
14.7
15.4
15.69
15.7
15.7
15.8
15.82
15.83
16.0
16.0
16.07
16.1
16.3
16.3
16.4
16.5
16.5
16.5
16.6
Asteroids research
21 asteroids in the square
m : 18.81 – 16.16
Image: 2432
( 10h 24m 32s , +18d 6m 11s) 2004-03-14 20:58:57
Example of Known (11 at one image) :
Object designation
(75691) 2000 AQ103
N1= 475
m=18.8
N2= 421
m=18.7
RA =+10 24 56.5
v(RA)= -28.29 mas/h
RA =+10 24 55.1
v(RA)= -28.29 mas/h
Dec=+19 04 28.6
v(Dec)= 13.59 mas/h
Dec=+19 04 38.7
v(Dec)= 13.59 mas/h
R.A.
h m s
10 24 56.6
Decl.
° ‘ “
+19 04 36
V
18.4
Motion/hr Orbit
R.A. Decl.
28- 12+
Example of Unknown (12)
N1= 5629 m=18.81
N2= 5841 m=18.80
RA =+10 23 09.5
v(RA)= -46.07 mas/h
RA =+10 23 07.3
v(RA)= -46.07 mas/h
Dec=+17 32 30.7
v(Dec)= 40.86 mas/h
Dec=+17 33 01.2
v(Dec)= 40.86 mas/h
N1= 8002 m=18.49
RA =+10 27 17.8
v(RA)= -48.48 mas/h
Dec=+16 57 21.1
v(Dec)= -6.75 mas/h
N2= 8520 m=18.79
RA =+10 27 15.5
v(RA)= -48.48 mas/h
Dec=+16 57 16.0
v(Dec)= -6.75 mas/h
SuperNova Research
“Evolution of Supernova Explosion Rates
in the Universe”
Jorgensen H.E., Lipunov V.M.,
Panchenko I.E.,Postnov K.A.,
Prokhorov M.E.
Astrophysical Journal 1997, v.486, p.110
There are
N = 2 *103/5(m-20) SN/month
At 1 square of 6sq.degrees
The data-center of optical bursts
otc.pereplet.ru
Default Results are the following
For 2 years
•
355mm telescope was made, placed and the mount was automatized
Observations of 17 GRB error-boxes were made •
•
We introduced first in Europe and mostly long photometric curve of
CRB030329
•
For 11 monthes •
There is a sky-survey of 30% accessible sky with our 6sq.deg.boxes up
to 19.2magnitudes
There are stellar magnitudes and positions (0.5”) of about 10mln.stars
Coordinates and velocities of about 5000 asteroids were measured
Of about several tens new asteroids are traced
•
The data-base and algorithmes of Fast (up to 30sec) and •
slow(Nova,SuperNova) Optical Transients research in real-time were
made
•
•
•
• Authors are deeply indebted to S.M.Bodrov,
A.V.Bagrov, E.Yu.Osminkin, T.D.Krylova,
D.K.Magnitsky. This work is partly supported
by RFFI 04-02-16411