! %& ( ) +, + "# $ ' * + - & + . ) 1 ) / ) + . 2 )+& , , 5 . / 0) 3 4+ ), 6 )+ 6 ), / 3 + 5 . ), , , 5 . ), , 7)+& 8 9 & : # / ! $;$<=$>? 9 : & Schwarzschild Kerr Fabian et al 91 / ) , .3 ,, .3 ASCA relativistic Fe-line (Tanaka et al. 1995) Wilms et al 2001 Simulation of precessing binary accretion disks in 3C273 with XEUS (Torres et al., 2004) 7 $& NASA Chris Reynolds 9 @) $ 0) % A 6 ! 0) ) ( / / $# ) ) z = ∆λ/λ = 0.35 z = 0.35 z = 0.35 -* ! ) 0) ( )) * ! ! #$ ## & / 3 '( ) * + ." " % , - % % , % ! 01 ) / '/ 2 3 + " 2 % " 7 .+ B==. & / / $# - 3 & ' '( & ) * #+ ,-.. / % ' '0 & ) * # + ,1 . . / Streblyanskaya et al., 2004 "# $ % 3 8C<= 8CD= 8C?= 8C>== 3+ $ 2 3 ' NASA/CXC/Komossa NGC 6240 ! "# $ 5 4 !) 7 %&4 courtesy V. Springel MPA E ), ) + ) ), + , ) ) ! 3 G F+ + & QSO or GRB line of sight 6 73 Dark Matter (23%) Warm/hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) in absorption (8 8 8 X-ray Gas (4%) : ) + + Abundance independent of z Best X-ray spectrum of a z>1 cluster kT~5 keV XMM 800 ks # Hashimoto et al, ‘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