Infrared-bright
galaxies at 0<z<3
Cosmological Surveys with Spitzer
Pablo G. Pérez-González,
MIPS Instrument Team
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Open Questions on the 0<z<3 Universe
What is the role of dust-enshrouded SF and AGNs
in galaxy evolution?
IR view on the drop of ρSFR from z~1 to z=0.
What causes that drop? Decrease
merger rate, gas consumption,…?
Morphologies of galaxies
What happens beyond z=1?
0/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
in
major
Galaxy number counts at 24 µm
Papovich, et al., 2004,
ApJS, 154, 70
1/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Galaxy number counts at 24 µm
No evolution model is ruled out
Population of faint sources missed by ISO
24 µm background 2.3±0.5 nW m-2 sr-1 (80% resolved)
Papovich, et al., 2004,
ApJS, 154, 70
1/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Photo-z: data on CDFS and HDFN
Chandra
GALEX
EIS
GOODS
GEMS
COMBO17
LCS
Spitzer
VLA
VVDS/FORS2
2/14
CDFS
Chandra
Subaru
GOODS
Spitzer
VLA
TKRS
HDFN
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Photo-z: state of the art
Optical/NIR based photo-z techniques
Hyper-z: BC03, SB99 stellar templates
Bayesian: improved model-data comparison,
priors, less outliers
Photo-z’s with Spitzer
No complete set of models available (optical
through MIR):
Devriendt et al. 1999, Dale et al. 2004,
Chary & Elbaz 2001
Empirically built templates
Neural networks
3/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
4/14
1.6 µm bump
[OIII]
Hα
4000 Å break
Ly break
Lyα
Photo-z: empirical templates
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Photo-z vs. spectroscopy
CDFS
Success 77% (87%)
<∆z>=0.008
<σz/(1+z)>=0.061
5/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Photo-z vs. spectroscopy
HDFN
Success 80%
<∆z>=-0.006
<σz/(1+z)>=0.121
5/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
HDFN
6/14
CDFS
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
Photo-z: redshift distribution
HDFN
CDFS
z>1.5 galaxy density not as large as model claims
PAHs may not be that prominent for z»1 galaxies
6/14
Galaxies ISO missed
(faint) Meeting.
not necessarily at z>1
JENAM/SEA
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
Photo-z: redshift distribution
Rush, et al. 1993, ApJS, 89, 1
7/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
Evolution of LIRGs
Rush, et al. 1993, ApJS, 89, 1
8/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
Local LF in the MIR
Evolution of LIRGs
Rush, et al. 1993, ApJS, 89, 1
9/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
(1+z)3.1 @ z=1
The SFR History of the Universe
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
24 µm selected
sample
10/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
The SFR History of the Universe
Pérez-González, et al.,
2004, ApJ, (submitted)
24 µm selected
sample
Evolution of LF and ρSFR as (1+z)3.1±0.3 up to z~1
LFs are rather steep (-1.7<α<-1.5) for z<1
ISO missed a faint population at 0<z<1
10/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
No decline in ρSFRfor 1<z<3
Open Questions on the 0<z<3 Universe
What is the role of dust-enshrouded SF and AGNs
in galaxy evolution?
IR view on the drop of ρSFR from z~1 to z=0.
What causes that drop? Decrease
merger rate, gas consumption,…?
Morphologies of galaxies
What happens beyond z=1?
0/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
in
major
Morphologies of LIRGs at 0<z<1
HST F850LP
11/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Morphologies of LIRGs at 0<z<1
Bell, et al., 2004,
ApJ, (submitted)
11/14
E/S0
Sa-Sm
Irr
Pec/Int
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Morphologies of LIRGs at 0<z<1
E/S0
Sa-Sm
40% of massive galaxies undergo intense SF (1% at z=0)
%SFRT [0:10:0.51:0:13:0.26] for [E/S0:Sa-Sm:Irr:Pec/Int]
Decline in major merger rate from z~0.7 to z=0 ruled out
Irr
Bell, et al., 2004,
ApJ, (submitted)
11/14
Pec/Int
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Galaxies at 1<z<3: SCUBA+VLA+MIPS
Egami, et al., 2004,
ApJS, 154, 130
12/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Galaxies at 1<z<3: SCUBA+VLA+MIPS
VLA
SCUBA
Models
Egami, et al., 2004,
ApJS, 154, 30
13/14
Dust corrected
UV/optical points
24 µm sample
UV/optical points
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
The Extremely High-z Universe
HST
14/14
Kneib,
et al.,
2004,
JENAM/SEA
Meeting.
607, 13-17,
697 2004
Granada,ApJ,
September
The Extremely High-z Universe
Spitzer
HST
14/14
Egami,
et al.,
2004,
JENAM/SEA
Meeting.
ApJL,
(in press)
Granada,
September
13-17, 2004
The Extremely High-z Universe
Spitzer
Spitzer
z=6.7±0.1
t=100-200 Myr
M=109 M~
14/14
-9 yr-1
HST
SFR/M=10
Egami,
et al.,
2004,
JENAM/SEA
Meeting.
ApJL,
(in press)
Granada,
September
13-17, 2004
Conclusions
MIPS unveiled a previously undetected population of
faint infrared-bright galaxies. MIPS 24 µm channel
resolves 80% of the FIR background.
This population seems to correspond to a fainter zone of
the luminosity function than what ISO probed.
PAH features are luminosity dependent and may evolve
with redshift.
LFs in the IR (and thus ρSFR) evolve as (1+z)3.1 up to z~1.
These LFs are steeper than what (ISO-based) models
predict (-1.5<α<-1.7).
Drop in ρSFR from z~0.7 to z=0 is not linked to decrease
in major-merger rates. Slow mass accretion and gas
consumption may be responsible.
MIR, sub-mm, and radio observations of z>1 sources
point to a flat ρSFR for 1<z<3.
Spitzer detections of z>6 galaxies are possible, and
demonstrate that star-forming sources at 6<z<10 may
make a significant contribution to cosmic reionization.
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Index
Number counts
Photo-z
Method
Comparison with spectroscopy
Photo-z distribution
Luminosity functions
Madau plot
Morphologies of LIRGS at z<1
Infrared bright galaxies at 1<z<3
The extremely high-z Universe
Conclusions
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Models: Devriendt et al. 1999
3/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Models: Devriendt et al. 1999
3/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Models: Dale 2004
3/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004
Models: Dale 2004
3/14
JENAM/SEA Meeting.
Granada, September 13-17, 2004