"We don't know what
Knowledge Management
is,
but we sure know
it's not happening here."
Knowledge management
the European Knowledge Survey: P Murray, Cranfield University
cited by Ilkka Tuomi, Principal scientist, Nokia research centre
981212, 4th annual SIM academic workshop, Helsinki
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
33
Knowledge management
(KM)
2011-11-23 TKMM02
34
Knowledge areas in IT consulting company
CG
Technical competence
Reuse of systems design,
Specific situations in my 0,80
leadership
and architecture
Code templates
0,60
Who knows what
design templates
0,40
Rules of thumb and guidelines
Program/function library
Examples of and building blocks
contracts,
t t etc.
t
Systematic attempts to further the
development, exchange and use of
knowledge
Alf Westelius
0,20
Experience of technical
solution
0,00
Experience of
development tools
Document templates
Development platforms,
Coding standards
Checklists and specific
methods
Experieince of CG methods
Competence on CG methods
Customers’ contact nets
Customers’ operations and
business
Hjertzén & Toll, 1999
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
KM activities
35
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
36
Knowledge
landscaping
Exploration /
exploitation
(Coopers & Lybrand)
Kaizen /
BPR
E
Exploit
l it
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
38
Learning
Knowledge
investment
Technological
Accenture
Reflect
Social
LiU
Explicit
Tacit
Pharmacia
Upjohn
BT
Knowledge
domain
The virtual
office
Observe
Experiment
Blacksmith
Act
Knowledge management investments,
Earl & Scott, (98) p9
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
Kolb 1984
39
SECI
Tacit
knowledge
From
An expert is a person who defines
what counts as knowledge
Explicit knowledge
Externalization
Sympathized
knowledge
Conceptual
knowledge
Internalization
Combination
Operational
knowledge
41
Becoming an expert
Community of practice:
Socialization
Explicit
knowledge
Alf Westelius
Learning in a community of practice
To
Tacit knowledge
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Experts
shared knowledge
same well-known experts
shared tools
shared practices
shared identity
“old-timers”
novices
Systemic
knowledge
The zone of legitimate
peripheral participation
Four modes of knowledge creation and
their contents,
Nonaka & Takeuchi 1995, p72
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
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Based on Ilkka Tuomi, 981212
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Who is competent?
High
Company
group
manager’s
perception of
competence
Alf Westelius
Who learns from who?
High
Company
group
manager’s
perception of
competence
Agreement
Overrated?
Agreement
Overrated?
Misunderstood?
Misunderstood?
Low
Low
Low
Own perception of High
competence
Low
Based on N Arvidsson, 1999
2011-11-23 TKMM02
46
Alf Westelius
47
Own perception of High
competence
Based on N Arvidsson, 1999
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
48
Knowledge areas in IT consulting company
CG
Technical competence
Reuse of systems design,
Specific situations in my 0,80
and architecture
leadership
Code templates
0,60
Who knows what
design templates
0,40
Program/function library
Rules of thumb and guidelines
0,20
Examples of and building blocks
contracts,
t t etc.
t
Experience of technical
solution
0,00
Experience of
development tools
Document templates
Alf Westelius
49
Technical competence
Reuse of systems design,
Specific situations in my
1,00
leadership
and architecture
0,80
Knowledge
Code templates
Who knows what
design templates
categories
0,60
Program/function library
Rules of thumb and guidelines
0,40
0
0,20
20
Experience of technical
solution
0,00
Portion who view the
knowledge as useful
Experience of
development tools
Document templates
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Knowledge
produced
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Hjertzén & Toll, 1999
55
Own material
KO/NWT
Natural Work Team
Customer
Informal contacts
Internet
Courses/ Seminars (internal)
Distribution
channel
Courses/ seminars (external)
Source
PERFORM
x-disc
the Galaxy/ Polarstar
Intranet
Structural capital
Hjertzén & Toll, 1999
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Alf Westelius
Hjertzén & Toll, 1999
Alf Westelius
57
54
Demand versus supply
Technical competence
Reuse of systems design,
Specific situations in my
1,00
leadership
and architecture
Code templates
design templates
0,80
Who knows what
0,60
Rules of thumb and guidelines
Program/function library
0,40
0,20
,
0
0,20
20
Examples
E
l off and
db
building
ildi bl
blocks
k
contracts, etc.
Experience of technical
solution
0,00
0,00
Portion who view the
knowledge as useful
Experience of
development tools
Development platforms,
Coding standards
Experieince of CG methods
Competence on CG methods
Valuable sources and distribution channels
Other
companies
People with
needs who are
dissatisfied
with the supply
Customers’ contact nets
Customers’ operations and
business
Checklists and specific
methods
Customers’ contact nets
Customers’ operations and
business
Alf Westelius
Development platforms,
Coding standards
Document templates
Development platforms,
Coding standards
Checklists and specific
methods
People
dissatisfied
with theExperieince of CG methods
Competence on CG methods
supply
Experience of
development tools
Knowledge
disseminated
Value and need
Examples of and building blocks
contracts, etc.
Experience of technical
solution
0,00
Experieince of CG methods
Competence on CG methods
Hjertzén & Toll, 1999
2011-11-23 TKMM02
0,20
Examples of and building blocks
contracts,
t t etc.
t
Checklists and specific
methods
Customers’ contact nets
Customers’ operations and
business
Experieince of CG methods
Competence on CG methods
Technical competence
Reuse of systems design,
Specific situations in my 0,80
and architecture
leadership
Code templates
0,60
Who knows what
design templates
0,40
Program/function library
Rules of thumb and guidelines
Document templates
Development platforms,
Coding standards
Checklists and specific
methods
Production och dissemination
Knowledge
disseminated
2011-11-23 TKMM02
Customers’ contact nets
Customers’ operations and
Knowledge
business
produced
Alf Westelius
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