Contents
Preface
xi
Nomenclature
xv
Chapter 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
Chapter 2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
Chapter 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
Introduction
Indoor Air Pollution and Risks
Management and Assessment of Risk
Liability
Indoor Air Pollution Control Strategy
Fundamental Calculations
Government Regulations
Standards
Contributions from Professionals
Components of Industrial Ventilation Systems
Classification of Ventilation Systems
Deficiencies in Present Knowledge
Professional Literature
Closure
Chapter 1 Problems
The Respiratory System
Physiology
Respiratory Fluid Mechanics
Analytical Models of Heat and Mass Transfer
Toxicology
Sick Buildings
Bioaerosols
Dose-Response Characteristics
Risk Analysis
Closure
Chapter 2 Problems
Design Criteria
Contaminant Exposure Levels
Instruments to Measure Pollutant Concentration
Fire and Explosion
Hearing and Noise
Thermal Comfort and Heat Stress
Odors
Radiation
General Safety
Engineering Economics
Closure
Chapter 3 Problems
1
2
9
20
21
26
46
52
54
55
56
68
69
75
77
83
87
95
107
127
136
144
150
162
167
168
173
175
183
191
208
222
231
236
238
240
247
248
vii
viii
Contents
Chapter 4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
Chapter 5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
Chapter 6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
6.12
Chapter 7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Estimation of Pollutant Emission Rates
Experimental Measurements
Empirical Equations
Emission Factors
Puff Diffusion
Evaporation and Diffusion
Drop Evaporation
Leaks
Closure
Chapter 4 Problems
General Ventilation and the Well-Mixed Model
Definitions
Thermodynamics of Unventilated Enclosures
Dillution Ventilation with 100% Make-up Air
Time-Varying Source, Ventilation Flow Rate, or Make-up Air
Concentration
Removal by Solid Surfaces
Recirculation
Partially Mixed Conditions
Well-Mixed Model as an Experimental Tool
Clean Rooms
Infiltration and Exfiltration
Split Flow Ventilation Booths
Mean Age of Air and Ventilation Effectiveness
Make-up Air Operating Costs
Tunnel Ventilation
Closure
Chapter 5 Problems
Present Local Ventilation Practice
Control of Particles
Control of Vapors from Open Surface Vessels
Control Systems for Specific Applications
Bulk Materials Handling
Canopy Hoods for Buoyant Sources
Air Curtains for Buoyant Sources
Surface Treatment
Building Air Inlets and Exhaust Stacks
Unsatisfactory Performance
Exhaust Duct System Design
Fan Performance and Selection
Closure
Chapter 6 Problems
Ideal Flow
Fundamental Concepts
Two-Dimensional Flow Fields
Elementary Planar Ideal Flows
Elementary Axisymmetric Ideal Flows
257
259
265
271
276
279
314
321
334
335
343
343
351
354
361
366
370
376
379
383
388
396
403
410
413
423
425
437
441
453
458
462
466
470
475
479
483
484
495
508
509
517
517
527
532
539
Contents
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
Chapter 8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
8.10
8.11
8.12
Chapter 9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
Chapter 10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
ix
Flanged and Unflanged Inlets in Quiescent Air
Flanged and Unflanged Inlets in Streaming Flow
Multiple Flanged Rectangular Inlets
Flanged Inlets of Arbitrary Shape
Closure
Chapter 7 Problems
Motion of Particles
Particle Size
Statistical Analysis of Aerosols
Overall Collection Efficiency
Equations of Particle Motion
Freely Falling Particles in Quiescent Media
Horizontally Moving Particles in Quiescent Air
Gravimetric Settling in a Room
Gravimetric Settling in Ducts
Clouds
Stokes Number
Inertial Deposition in Curved Ducts
Closure
Chapter 8 Problems
Removing Particles from a Gas Stream
Cyclone Collectors
Other Inertial Separation Collectors and Sampling Issues
Impaction between Moving Particles
Filtration
Electrostatic Precipitators
Engineering Design – Selecting and Sizing Particle Collectors
Hoppers
Closure
Chapter 9 Problems
Application of CFD to Indoor Air Quality
Fundamentals of CFD
Flow around a Circular Cylinder
Modeling of Air Flows with Gaseous Contaminants
Modeling of Aerosol Particle Trajectories
Closure
Chapter 10 Problems
543
557
566
567
570
571
581
581
583
598
604
615
621
622
624
629
633
634
642
643
653
653
659
665
687
709
723
725
726
728
733
733
739
744
762
766
769
References
775
Appendices
803
Index
847
x
Contents