Public Service Commission of Wisconsin Inter‐Municipal Water Sales and Agreements ‐ 2012 In 2012, 55 public water utilities in Wisconsin purchased water wholesale from 33 other entities, 28 of which are other public water utilities, mostly in the Great Lakes Basin. These purchasing utilities represent over 250,000 customers. Chart 1 below shows that wholesale water sales comprise approximately 10% of the total volume of water sold in the state. Chart 1: Wholesale Volume as Percent of Total Sales in Wisconsin
Wholesale Water in Wisconsin 2012
9.9%
Water Pumped for Resale
Water Pumped for Self‐Use
Source: PSC Annual Reports, 2012 Wholesale Purchasers The City of West Allis is currently the largest municipality that purchases its entire water supply from another utility. While there are exceptions, utilities that purchase water at wholesale generally have higher retail rates to their customers compared to their class averages. Chart 2: Average Residential Quarterly Bills (18,750 gal) Average Quarterly Residential Bill
$120.00
$100.00
$80.00
$60.00
$40.00
$20.00
$‐
AB
C
Wholesale Purchasers
D
Class Average
Source: PSC Bulletin 25, 2013 1 Wholesale Providers Milwaukee and Green Bay are the two largest wholesale water providers in the state, with combined sales of over 1.5 billion gallons of water to 12 other utilities. Another large water provider in the state is the Central Brown County Water Authority, which purchases water at wholesale from Manitowoc and resells water at wholesale to six utilities in Brown County. The largest wholesale providers in the state are shown below. Chart 3: Wholesale Water Sold in Wisconsin
Wholesale Sellers by Volume
MILWAUKEE WATER WORKS (31%)
GREEN BAY WATER UTILITY (24%)
KENOSHA WATER UTILITY (16%)
MANITOWOC PUBLIC UTILITIES (10%)
OAK CREEK WATER AND SEWER UTILITY
(5%)
APPLETON WATER DEPARTMENT (4%)
ASHWAUBENON WATER AND SEWER
UTILITY (4%)
SHEBOYGAN WATER UTILITY (3%)
RACINE WATER WORKS COMMISSION
(2%)
MADISON WATER UTILITY (1%)
OTHER (2%)
Source: PSC Annual Reports, 2012 2 Other Water Agreements Besides agreements to provide wholesale water service between communities, municipalities can enter into other types of water service agreements. Thirty‐one utilities have municipal interconnection agreements in which water can flow both ways as needed, usually on an emergency basis, or emergency standby agreements to cover times of unforeseen demand such as firefighting or large interruptions in service. While the PSC does not regulate these agreements, there are some best practices that make for good water service agreements. The best water agreements contain terms that clearly define:  Maximum flow rates and durations  Notice requirements for exceeding the maximum in emergencies  Minimum pressure  Clearly defined meter responsibilities and ownership  Fire protection  Considerations for system growth Wholesale Providers and Customers Selling Entity Purchasing Entity Adams Municipal Water And Sewer Utility
Village of Friendship Water Utility
AFP Corporation
Appleton Water Department
Clear Lake Municipal Water Utility
Ashwaubenon Water And Sewer Utility
Town of Lawrence Water Utility
Village of Hobart Water Utility
Bellevue Water Utility
Ledgeview Sanitary District No. 2
Beloit Utilities
City of South Beloit, Illinois
Cashton Municipal Water Utility
Central Brown County Water Authority
Melvina Municipal Water Utility
Town of Grand Chute Sanitary District No. 1
Village of Sherwood Water and Sewer Utility
Waverly Sanitary District
Village of Allouez Water Department
Bellevue Water Utility
De Pere Water Department
Village of Howard Water and Sewer Department
Town of Lawrence Water Utility
Ledgeview Sanitary District No. 2
Danbury And St. Croix Chippewa Indians
Danbury Sanitary District
Edgerton Municipal Water Utility
Green Bay Water Utility
Fulton Water Utility
City Of Ironwood, Michigan
Kenosha Water Utility
City of Hurley Water Utility
Ashwaubenon Water and Sewer Utility
Town of Scott Water Utility
Village of Hobart Water Utility
Bristol Water Utility
Village of Pleasant Prairie Water Utility
Town of Somers Water Utility
3 Kimberly Municipal Water Utility
Combined Locks Water Utility
Darboy Joint Sanitary District No. 1
Madison Water Utility
City of Fitchburg Utility District No 1
Village of Maple Bluff Municipal Water Utility
Village of Shorewood Hills Water Utility
Waunona Sanitary District No. 2
Manitowoc Public Utilities
Central Brown County Water Authority
Menasha Electric And Water Utilities
Milwaukee Water Works
Town of Menasha Utility District
Brown Deer Public Water Utility
Butler Public Water Utility
Village of Greendale Water Utility
Village of Menomonee Falls Water Utility
Mequon Municipal Water Utility
Milwaukee County Institutions
New Berlin Water Utility
Shorewood Municipal Water Utility
Wauwatosa Water Utility
West Allis Municipal Water Utility
City of Hurley Water Utility
Town of Pence Municipal Water Department
Bellevue Water Utility
Village of Fox Point Municipal Water Utility
Glendale Water Utility
Mequon Municipal Water Utility
Village of Whitefish Bay Water Utility
Montreal Municipal Water Utility
North Shore Water Commission
Oak Creek Water And Sewer Utility
Village of Caledonia Water Utility
Franklin Municipal Water Utility
Onalaska Municipal Water Utility
La Crosse Water Utility
Prairie Du Chien Municipal Water Utility
Bridgeport Sanitary District
Racine Water Works Commission
Sheboygan Water Utility
Village of Caledonia Water Utility
Sister Bay Utilities
Liberty Grove Sanitary District No. 1
Spooner Municipal Utilities
Beaver Brook Sanitary District No. 1
Town Of Somers Water Utility
Racine Water Works Commission
Village Of Caledonia Water Utility
Wind Point Municipal Water Utility
Waterloo Water And Light Commission
Wausau Water Utility
Town of Portland Sanitary District No. 1
Kohler Municipal Water Utility
Sheboygan Falls Utilities
Village of Brokaw Water Utility
Rib Mountain Sanitary District
Whitehall Municipal Water Utility
Lincoln Sanitary District No. 1
Withee Municipal Water Utility
Owen Municipal Water Utility
Source: PSC Annual Reports, 2012 4