San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA
National Compensation Survey
March 1998
________________________________________________________________________________________________
U.S. Department of Labor
Alexis M. Herman, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
November 1998
Bulletin 3095-09
Preface
T
For additional information regarding this survey, please
contact the BLS San Francisco Regional Office at (415)
975-4350. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and
Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175,
Washington, DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6220, or
send e-mail to [email protected].
The data contained in this bulletin are also available at
the BLS Internet site (https://www.bls.gov/ocs/#data ).
Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the
published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional
columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin.
Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)
606-7828; TDD phone: (202) 606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577.
his bulletin provides results of a March 1998 survey of
occupational pay in the San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area
(CMSA). Data shown in this bulletin were collected as part
of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) new program
known as the National Compensation Survey (NCS).
The survey could not have been conducted without the
cooperation of the many private firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data included in this bulletin.
The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation.
Survey data were collected and reviewed by Bureau of
Labor Statistics field economists under the direction of
Caryl O'Keefe, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations of the San Francisco Regional Office. The Office
of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation
with the Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office,
designed the survey, processed the data, and analyzed the
survey results.
iii
Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................
Wages in the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, CMSA .....................................................................
1
2
Tables:
A-1. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, all industries ...........................................
A-2. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, all workers, private industry and
State and local government...........................................................................................................
A-3. Hourly earnings for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers,
all industries .................................................................................................................................
A-4. Weekly and annual earnings and hours for selected occupations,
full-time workers only, all industries ............................................................................................
B-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and levels, all industries,
private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................
B-2. Mean hourly earnings for selected occupations and levels, all industries,
private industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers ............................
C-1. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and selected characteristics,
all industries .................................................................................................................................
C-2. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and industry division,
private industry, all workers .........................................................................................................
C-3. Mean hourly earnings by occupational group and establishment employment size,
private industry, all workers .........................................................................................................
C-4. Number of workers represented by occupational group ...............................................................
4
8
12
17
20
25
31
32
33
34
Appendixes:
A. Technical Note.................................................................................................................................
Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied and represented............................................
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors......................................................................................
Appendix table 3. Average work levels ...........................................................................................
v
35\
39
40
44
v
Introduction
T
vious Occupational Compensation Surveys by providing
broader coverage of occupations and establishments within
the survey area.
Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected
using probability techniques from a list of all those present
in each establishment. Previous OCS bulletins were limited to a preselected list of occupations, which represented
a small subset of all occupations in the economy. Information in the new bulletin is published for a variety of occupation-based data. This new approach includes data on
broad occupational classifications such as white-collar
workers, major occupational groups such as sales workers,
and individual occupations such as cashiers.
In tables containing work levels within occupational series, the work levels are derived from generic standards that
apply to all occupational groups. The job levels in the
OCS bulletins were based on narrowly-defined descriptions
that were not comparable across specific occupations.
Occupational data in this bulletin are also tabulated for
other classifications such as industry group, full-time versus part-time workers, union versus nonunion status, time
versus incentive status, and establishment employment size.
Not all of these series were generated by the OCS program.
The establishments surveyed for this bulletin were limited to those with 50 or more employees. Eventually, NCS
will be expanded to cover those now-excluded establishments. Then, virtually all workers in the civilian economy
will be surveyed, excluding only agriculture, private households, and employees of the Federal Government.
his survey of occupational pay was conducted in the
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, Consolidated
Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA). The CMSA includes Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, Santa Clara,
Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano, and
Sonomo Counties.
This area was last surveyed in January 1997. Data from
the 1997 sample units were updated to reflect March 1998
wage data. Please see Appendix A: Technical Note for
details on updating estimates. This bulletin consists primarily of tables whose data are analyzed in the initial textual section. Tabulations provide information on earnings
of workers in a variety of occupations and at a wide range
of work levels. Also contained in this bulletin is information on the program, a technical note describing survey
procedures, and several appendixes with detailed information on occupational classifications and the generic leveling
methodology.
NCS design and products
The Bureau of Labor Statistic’s (BLS) new National
Compensation Survey (NCS) is designed to provide data on
the levels and rates of change of occupational wages and
employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions,
and the nation as a whole. One output of the NCS will be
the Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure of the
change in employer costs for wages and benefits. This
bulletin is limited to data on wages and salaries. These
data are similar to those released under the Occupational
Compensation Survey (OCS), which has been discontinued.
NCS more extensive than OCS
The wage data in this bulletin differ from those in pre-
1
Wages in the
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA
Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area
S
Survey results show that private industry workers in San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, earned $20.01 per hour,
while surveyed State and local government workers averaged $23.62. Table A-2 reports the average hourly rate for
white-collar occupations as $24.40 in private industry and
$24.91 in State and local government. Blue-collar occupations showed an average hourly rate of $14.65 in private
industry and $20.63 in State and local government. Service
occupations within private industry averaged $9.57 per
hour while those found in State and local government averaged $20.71.
traight-time wages in the San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area
averaged $20.72 per hour during March 1998. Whitecollar workers had an average wage of $24.51 per hour.
Blue-collar workers averaged $15.19 per hour, while service workers had average earnings of $12.66 per hour. (All
comparisons in this analysis cover hourly rates for both
full- and part-time workers, unless otherwise noted.)
Chart 1. Average hourly wage rates by occupational
group,San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Chart 2. Average hourly rates for private industry and
State and local government, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998
Dollars per hour
$ 25
Private
industry
Dollars per hour
20
$
25
State and local
government
15
20
10
15
5
10
0
Whitecollar
Bluecollar
Service
workers
5
Within each of these occupational groups, average
hourly wages for individual occupations varied. For example, white-collar occupations included registered nurses at
$28.57 per hour, secretaries at $17.06, and general office
clerks at $13.81. Among occupations in the blue-collar
category, truck drivers averaged $15.63 per hour while
stock handlers and baggers averaged $9.27. Finally, service occupations included janitors and cleaners at $11.22 per
hour and waiters and waitresses at $6.39 per hour. Table
A-1 presents earnings data for 148 detailed occupations;
data for other detailed occupations surveyed could not be
reported separately due to concerns about the confidentiality of survey respondents and the reliability of the data.
0
White-collar
Blue-collar
Service
Table A-3 presents data for workers considered by the
survey respondents to be either full-time or part-time. Average wages for full-time workers, all occupations, were
$21.64 per hour, compared with an average of $13.34 per
hour for part-time workers.
Data for specific work levels within major occupational
groups are reported in table B-1. Occasionally, wage estimates for lower levels of work within major occupational
groups are greater than estimates for higher levels. This
can occur due to the mix of specific occupations (and industries) represented by the broad group as well as by the
variability of the estimate. Some levels within a group may
2
hourly wages averaged $24.55 in all goods-producing industries, $26.37 in mining, and $24.66 in manufacturing.
Hourly wages averaged $18.09 in all service-producing industries, $19.68 in transportation, and public utilities,
$15.07 in wholesale and retail trade, $20.73 in finance, insurance and real estate, and $18.57 in services. Data for
other industry divisions did not meet publication criteria.
Table C-4 reports that a total of 1,647,581 workers were
represented by the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA
survey. White-collar occupations included 1,047,105
workers, or 64 percent, blue-collar occupations included
340,069 workers, or 21 percent; and service occupations
included 260,407 workers, or 16 percent.
not be published because no workers were identified at that
level or because there were not enough data to guarantee
confidentiality and reliability.
Work levels for all major groups span several levels,
with professional specialty occupations and executive, administrative, and managerial occupations typically starting
and ending at higher work levels than the other groups.
Published data for administrative support occupations, including clerical, ranged from level 1 to level 8. As illustrated in Chart 3, the average hourly rate was $9.93 for
level 2, $13.92 for level 4, $17.59 for level 6, and $18.60
for level 8.
Chart 3. Average hourly rates by work level for
administrative support occupations, including clerical,
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Chart 4. Distribution of workers represented by
occupational group, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose,
CA, March 1998
Dollars per hour
Percent
70
$20
60
15
50
40
10
30
5
20
10
0
2
4
6
8
0
Level
Surveyed union workers had an average hourly rate of
$21.14, as reported in table C-1. Wages for nonunion
workers averaged $20.51. Time workers, whose wages
were based solely on an hourly rate or a salary, averaged
$20.78 per hour. Incentive workers, whose wages were at
least partially based on productivity payments, averaged
$18.84 per hour.
Table C-2 shows wage data for specific industry
divisions within private industry. In the private sector,
Whitecollar
Bluecollar
Service
workers
Data are also presented in appendix table 1 on the number of establishments studied by industry group and employment size. The relative standard errors of published
mean hourly earnings for all industries, private industry,
and State and local government are available in appendix
table 2. The average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations are presented in appendix table 3.
3
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
All occupations ....................................................................... $20.72
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
21.06
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
25
$7.73 $11.31
7.88 11.74
Median
50
75
90
$17.64
18.00
$26.26
26.82
$36.68
37.24
24.51
25.48
10.00
11.14
14.62
15.51
21.15
21.98
31.04
31.97
41.79
42.74
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
29.95
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
31.70
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
33.44
Civil engineers ......................................................
35.69
Electrical and electronic engineers .......................
33.84
Industrial engineers ..............................................
30.58
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
30.64
Engineers, N.E.C. .................................................
33.35
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
35.94
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
35.89
Natural scientists ......................................................
29.19
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ....................................
29.54
Health related occupations .......................................
27.76
Physicians ............................................................
26.82
Registered nurses ................................................
28.57
Dietitians ...............................................................
18.89
Teachers, college and university ..............................
36.79
Psychology teachers ............................................
27.75
Business, commerce and marketing teachers ......
36.89
English teachers ...................................................
36.75
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. .........................
31.79
Teachers, except college and university ..................
31.95
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
18.22
Elementary school teachers .................................
34.45
Secondary school teachers ..................................
32.43
Teachers, special education .................................
36.21
Teachers, N.E.C. ..................................................
34.64
Substitute teachers ...............................................
12.65
Vocational and educational counselors ................
25.01
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
24.25
Librarians ..............................................................
24.25
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
27.34
Economists ...........................................................
29.10
Psychologists ........................................................
24.90
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
19.37
Social workers ......................................................
22.18
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
46.70
Lawyers ................................................................
46.70
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
27.03
Designers .............................................................
26.07
Professional occupations, N.E.C. .........................
26.35
Technical occupations ..................................................
23.09
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
22.58
Health record technologists and technicians ........
15.62
Radiological technicians .......................................
23.51
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
17.50
Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. .......
17.94
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
20.75
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ...........................
20.46
Drafters .................................................................
28.34
Airplane pilots and navigators .............................. 121.54
Computer programmers .......................................
29.58
Legal assistants ....................................................
20.25
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
19.72
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
33.47
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
39.67
Administrators and officials, public administration
31.00
Financial managers ..............................................
36.45
Personnel and labor relations managers ..............
33.37
16.56
18.60
21.98
22.05
21.98
22.22
20.04
20.00
24.14
24.26
16.87
15.83
18.86
17.12
21.90
9.46
19.25
10.36
15.04
19.74
17.01
14.20
9.42
21.05
13.25
28.16
10.01
10.60
17.29
5.76
5.76
17.38
18.03
16.58
6.94
16.59
32.51
32.51
21.34
24.16
26.27
26.86
26.63
24.72
25.53
25.48
27.76
27.60
23.88
19.36
22.70
17.35
25.93
18.17
26.20
22.12
27.93
19.74
19.56
21.71
10.68
25.93
25.02
33.27
21.66
10.63
19.91
23.22
23.22
20.04
22.57
20.04
16.83
18.87
38.46
38.46
28.36
30.00
32.51
33.55
33.36
28.69
30.09
33.27
33.97
33.81
30.76
31.43
28.78
18.86
29.87
19.76
33.65
23.62
35.74
37.33
29.74
31.97
12.39
33.42
31.97
37.48
25.25
13.33
21.71
24.43
24.43
25.75
25.75
26.40
19.80
21.43
43.27
43.27
35.76
37.48
39.35
45.86
38.65
33.06
36.92
41.01
40.40
40.33
37.19
37.24
30.91
45.56
31.28
21.61
41.61
37.74
42.29
47.80
39.50
40.14
19.31
40.42
37.26
41.08
38.86
14.17
26.26
25.60
25.60
33.10
35.89
31.16
24.98
25.85
53.76
53.76
44.78
46.59
46.00
53.57
45.08
49.25
39.87
46.57
51.14
51.58
37.31
37.31
34.56
52.86
34.00
22.22
59.29
43.77
60.15
52.91
54.22
48.50
37.94
48.50
51.24
47.18
81.33
14.78
42.08
30.07
30.07
38.27
44.28
34.51
27.47
28.59
68.69
68.69
12.95
16.36
14.25
14.23
14.23
10.66
19.23
15.38
12.54
15.00
16.09
15.72
28.38
17.85
13.37
11.54
17.29
19.25
23.16
19.03
20.47
19.02
21.34
20.71
16.62
20.39
14.34
21.37
15.76
14.99
17.16
18.63
20.68
96.45
19.83
15.23
15.49
21.75
27.71
23.88
23.38
26.84
25.84
27.02
27.95
20.48
22.58
15.68
22.51
17.37
17.22
20.00
21.64
28.44
109.96
27.00
21.53
20.00
29.32
36.18
28.93
34.00
32.41
31.36
28.94
30.00
25.00
25.82
17.54
26.86
19.43
20.01
23.41
22.08
35.69
155.82
33.51
25.00
24.12
40.11
46.28
35.03
41.83
43.33
38.68
37.61
37.98
30.29
28.65
18.52
28.64
19.56
24.51
27.91
22.42
37.84
200.50
40.00
25.48
27.50
51.38
56.89
46.78
60.35
45.53
See footnotes at end of table.
4
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Executives, administrators, and managers
(-Continued)
Managers., marketing, advertising and public
relations .......................................................... $41.16
Administrators, education and related fields .........
33.80
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
33.91
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
21.94
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
45.22
Management related occupations ............................
25.37
Accountants and auditors .....................................
23.99
Other financial officers ..........................................
26.50
Management analysts ..........................................
29.67
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
30.49
Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................
26.37
Construction inspectors ........................................
27.62
Inspectors and compliance officers, except
construction ....................................................
22.64
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
23.74
Sales occupations ............................................................
15.42
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
20.03
Securities and financial services sales
occupations ....................................................
16.55
Advertising and related sales occupations ...........
26.35
Sales occupations, other business services .........
15.00
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
31.19
Sales workers, apparel .........................................
9.89
Sales workers, furniture & home furnishings ........
9.08
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
10.28
Cashiers ...............................................................
10.59
Sales support occupations, N.E.C. .......................
16.46
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
14.65
Supervisors, general office ...................................
19.98
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
23.62
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and
adjusting clerks ...............................................
19.05
Computer operators ..............................................
18.20
Secretaries ...........................................................
17.06
Stenographers ......................................................
19.51
Typists ..................................................................
14.23
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
10.11
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
14.25
Receptionists ........................................................
10.66
Information clerks, N.E.C. .....................................
14.88
Order clerks ..........................................................
13.52
Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping ....
18.46
Library clerks ........................................................
13.95
File clerks .............................................................
10.49
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
13.07
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
14.96
Billing clerks ..........................................................
15.06
Dispatchers ...........................................................
18.56
Production coordinators ........................................
15.72
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
14.31
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
12.31
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, N.E.C. ..................................................
16.76
Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ..
15.99
Investigators and adjusters except insurance ......
14.17
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .............................
18.00
Bill and account collectors ....................................
15.61
See footnotes at end of table.
5
25
$22.56 $29.07
19.39 22.78
18.58 24.29
12.50 14.57
27.36 31.89
15.41 18.82
15.46 18.59
18.20 20.43
21.21 23.14
Median
50
75
90
$41.06
36.29
30.84
24.76
40.28
23.59
23.59
23.53
26.42
$49.69
43.28
37.26
28.92
49.72
29.00
28.91
31.25
32.31
$59.50
43.28
48.10
30.00
61.77
35.27
32.69
38.22
47.13
15.87
20.84
21.34
19.93
22.58
21.91
24.04
27.33
30.12
29.99
29.57
30.22
55.00
29.82
32.23
15.01
14.42
6.40
8.65
15.41
18.23
8.00
11.47
21.75
22.07
12.17
16.14
25.08
27.66
19.42
23.00
38.14
36.61
28.75
44.55
10.09
18.52
9.00
11.11
21.37
9.90
13.27
26.75
12.95
15.80
31.74
22.14
38.46
33.33
22.14
16.95
5.38
6.40
5.53
6.27
6.85
9.00
15.18
15.89
24.73
6.20
6.72
6.46
7.26
8.27
11.00
17.42
18.71
29.40
7.59
7.50
8.55
9.18
16.50
14.37
21.22
22.16
35.33
11.11
9.75
12.30
14.39
20.24
17.56
22.27
31.82
46.24
17.61
13.01
17.62
15.86
29.51
20.62
22.82
33.78
14.21
15.77
12.00
15.11
9.76
7.50
7.55
8.75
10.46
9.00
16.00
9.47
7.97
8.00
10.50
11.23
13.00
11.00
7.45
8.47
16.22
15.77
14.07
15.84
10.15
8.89
7.78
9.50
12.29
10.96
17.25
11.46
7.97
9.25
12.00
12.69
13.33
12.00
10.00
9.52
18.78
18.74
16.85
17.27
13.15
9.62
15.02
10.49
14.96
13.18
19.25
13.23
9.32
13.44
14.67
15.68
20.05
13.85
13.25
12.00
23.44
19.62
20.00
25.83
17.26
12.00
19.61
11.00
17.09
15.68
21.69
15.49
13.39
16.73
17.13
16.85
22.33
18.86
18.03
14.57
24.20
20.00
21.91
25.83
18.12
13.38
22.27
13.50
19.23
18.55
21.69
19.37
14.75
17.12
21.35
16.92
23.75
23.60
19.87
17.26
8.33
10.63
9.96
12.93
12.20
14.96
12.63
11.10
15.46
12.20
17.36
15.69
13.26
17.34
17.37
19.44
19.35
17.66
20.56
17.89
20.91
22.09
19.43
26.16
18.78
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations, including clerical
(-Continued)
General office clerks ............................................. $13.81
Bank tellers ...........................................................
9.52
Data entry keyers .................................................
12.34
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
11.99
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
15.24
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Electricians ...........................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Supervisors, production occupations ....................
Machinists .............................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm .......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement
officers ............................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
6
25
$8.59 $11.09
7.75
8.39
9.00 10.63
8.44
8.64
10.00 12.04
Median
50
75
90
$14.10
9.17
12.00
13.19
15.44
$16.53
10.38
15.00
13.74
18.00
$18.38
11.76
15.24
15.35
19.37
15.19
18.72
24.55
22.22
19.22
20.91
7.00
9.24
18.41
17.50
11.70
18.87
9.14
13.28
23.03
20.62
17.34
19.26
14.47
19.25
25.37
22.42
19.59
20.73
19.89
23.28
29.09
23.38
23.83
22.56
24.20
26.24
30.06
25.92
23.83
23.44
17.53
20.01
23.87
19.15
22.65
21.78
10.07
15.18
24.68
12.28
12.17
11.53
11.20
15.79
15.63
14.94
15.56
10.85
15.74
9.27
13.07
6.64
7.83
14.30
12.64
13.99
18.90
17.15
16.43
16.16
6.76
8.50
21.74
7.00
7.99
7.00
8.05
5.90
8.55
9.25
11.00
5.60
9.24
6.75
7.69
5.15
5.82
7.75
13.90
16.45
18.90
17.15
16.43
19.49
7.70
10.74
23.75
8.40
9.50
7.56
9.14
10.34
10.49
9.47
11.85
7.00
11.53
7.10
9.25
5.15
6.77
8.76
18.25
20.71
21.06
19.39
20.95
22.60
9.60
12.96
24.20
11.23
11.54
9.00
10.70
15.19
16.54
15.49
14.55
9.14
15.68
8.25
11.55
5.60
7.70
14.74
20.50
23.25
29.91
20.57
27.02
22.95
12.00
17.37
27.11
15.50
15.50
15.50
12.75
18.80
18.00
19.88
15.19
14.42
18.00
10.50
18.83
6.10
8.68
17.82
22.51
25.44
32.55
26.24
31.49
25.99
14.00
22.61
27.11
19.37
16.19
19.37
13.35
25.83
20.65
19.88
27.95
18.81
18.51
12.62
19.64
10.29
9.29
18.99
12.66
16.96
14.70
22.49
27.92
6.33
7.19
9.78
17.13
21.81
7.54
7.74
10.25
19.67
24.85
9.65
15.76
11.12
21.86
28.15
15.29
24.56
13.19
24.56
30.72
24.24
29.91
28.67
27.68
34.04
21.99
20.58
8.85
8.73
15.86
14.98
7.04
5.39
17.38
19.12
7.39
6.00
22.58
22.13
7.63
7.78
26.03
22.13
8.61
9.89
27.26
23.35
12.40
13.45
11.94
6.39
13.72
8.55
8.32
7.57
11.69
14.08
10.84
11.38
23.86
9.61
11.22
7.78
5.15
8.38
5.60
5.50
5.26
7.42
9.08
7.10
6.86
11.97
6.63
6.86
10.50
5.70
8.99
6.68
6.00
5.90
8.49
11.39
8.01
7.41
16.33
7.00
7.47
12.50
5.75
13.26
8.27
7.68
6.81
11.42
14.58
10.00
9.75
31.03
8.53
9.64
14.00
6.31
16.82
9.70
9.89
9.15
14.58
15.29
13.60
13.86
31.03
12.01
13.98
15.69
9.41
21.63
13.01
13.45
10.71
15.30
19.04
14.60
16.98
31.03
12.69
16.98
Table A-1. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, all industries, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
Service occupations (-Continued)
Personal service occupations ................................... $12.58
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
8.70
Baggage porters and bellhops ..............................
8.03
Welfare service aides ...........................................
6.52
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ....................
9.71
Child care workers, N.E.C. ...................................
12.96
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................
10.54
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid
to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips.
The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and
dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. The 10th,
25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in the
earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of
the workers receive the same as or more than the rate shown, and
half receive the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th
percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less than
the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same
as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles
follow the same logic.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers.
Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a
part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week
schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$5.87
6.70
5.51
5.87
5.85
8.44
6.82
$7.28
8.00
6.02
5.87
7.25
8.75
7.18
$9.56
8.00
6.50
5.87
9.00
9.64
10.70
$13.99
9.56
8.25
7.36
12.26
13.99
12.86
$23.06
10.97
15.01
7.74
13.04
25.56
15.53
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a
40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this
update survey. A procedure was put into place to "move" the
positional statistics where averages were collected.
This
procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote
level–with the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates
from the prior survey are moved by the average change in mean
wages for the occupation.
7
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
All occupations ................................................. $20.01
All occupations excluding sales ......................
20.38
White-collar occupations .............................
White-collar occupations excluding sales ...
State and local government
24.40
25.65
Professional specialty and technical
occupations ..........................................
30.19
Professional specialty occupations .........
32.14
Engineers, architects, and surveyors
33.67
Civil engineers ................................
–
Electrical and electronic engineers
33.78
Industrial engineers ........................
30.58
Mechanical engineers .....................
30.64
Engineers, N.E.C. ...........................
34.22
Mathematical and computer scientists
36.70
Computer systems analysts and
scientists ...................................
36.69
Natural scientists ................................
30.05
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ..............
29.54
Health related occupations .................
27.74
Physicians ......................................
–
Registered nurses ..........................
29.33
Teachers, college and university ........
44.41
Psychology teachers ......................
27.75
Business, commerce and
marketing teachers ...................
36.10
English teachers .............................
28.18
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ...
31.27
Teachers, except college and
university ......................................
17.77
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..
11.45
Elementary school teachers ...........
18.76
Secondary school teachers ............
20.80
Teachers, special education ...........
–
Teachers, N.E.C. ............................
18.77
Substitute teachers .........................
–
Vocational and educational
counselors ................................
16.28
Librarians, archivists, and curators .....
–
Librarians ........................................
–
Social scientists and urban planners ..
29.52
Economists .....................................
29.10
Psychologists ..................................
–
Social, recreation, and religious
workers .........................................
15.26
Social workers ................................
–
Lawyers and judges ............................
46.79
Lawyers ..........................................
46.79
Writers, authors, entertainers,
athletes, and professionals,
N.E.C. ...........................................
27.44
Designers .......................................
26.07
Professional occupations, N.E.C. ...
26.12
Technical occupations ............................
23.98
Clinical laboratory technologists
and technicians .........................
22.40
Radiological technicians .................
23.31
Licensed practical nurses ...............
17.74
Health technologists and
technicians, N.E.C. ...................
18.42
Electrical and electronic technicians
20.75
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. .....
20.21
Drafters ...........................................
28.34
Airplane pilots and navigators ........ 121.54
Computer programmers .................
29.48
25
$7.47 $10.00
7.58 10.25
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$16.50
16.91
$25.68
25.97
$36.69
37.31
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$23.62 $13.42 $16.53 $21.53 $28.46 $36.47
23.62 13.42 16.53 21.53 28.46 36.47
9.46
10.50
13.58
14.91
20.65
21.91
31.33
32.52
42.21
43.48
24.91
24.92
13.74
13.74
16.79
16.78
22.19
22.22
30.07
30.16
40.42
40.42
16.01
18.88
22.05
–
21.98
22.22
20.04
21.46
24.76
21.63
25.00
26.35
–
26.47
24.72
25.53
26.30
28.77
28.85
30.80
32.52
–
33.21
28.69
30.09
34.62
34.55
35.99
37.61
39.53
–
38.88
33.06
36.92
41.18
41.40
44.40
46.15
46.15
–
45.36
49.25
39.87
46.90
51.97
29.38
30.79
30.92
34.17
–
–
–
–
25.42
17.15
18.60
15.38
24.70
–
–
–
–
22.55
20.77
22.93
24.70
26.86
–
–
–
–
24.29
27.25
28.62
31.43
33.53
–
–
–
–
25.51
35.53
37.13
36.19
36.19
–
–
–
–
27.33
45.87
47.18
41.79
41.79
–
–
–
–
27.90
24.81
16.15
15.83
19.76
–
22.25
18.24
10.36
28.72
26.30
19.36
23.78
–
27.25
28.17
22.12
34.26
32.91
31.43
29.87
–
29.87
37.50
23.62
41.39
37.24
37.24
31.36
–
31.36
63.62
37.74
52.68
38.38
37.31
34.56
–
34.56
80.62
43.77
25.42
–
–
27.81
31.58
26.80
32.87
–
22.55
–
–
18.19
17.35
21.08
20.49
–
24.29
–
–
21.94
17.35
22.13
26.19
–
25.51
–
–
27.57
18.86
27.93
31.94
–
27.33
–
–
30.05
50.35
29.86
37.52
–
27.90
–
–
37.90
52.86
31.95
45.25
–
12.15
18.42
18.24
23.62
19.74
23.01
34.44
23.63
28.63
60.15
34.03
39.39
65.05
41.67
45.46
–
–
32.00
–
–
16.98
–
–
18.72
–
–
30.53
–
–
40.83
–
–
55.60
9.89
8.12
10.65
13.25
–
8.00
–
12.39
9.65
14.54
13.25
–
10.01
–
13.83
11.51
18.31
17.20
–
21.00
–
21.66
12.39
23.85
28.76
–
21.66
–
30.60
13.77
25.35
32.73
–
35.00
–
34.20
–
34.90
36.32
36.90
49.03
12.63
19.72
–
21.05
24.03
29.88
25.25
10.60
25.04
–
26.70
30.03
33.27
25.25
10.63
32.83
–
34.17
35.66
37.48
30.04
13.33
40.42
–
40.70
42.56
41.08
58.25
14.17
48.66
–
48.50
51.24
47.18
96.26
14.78
11.80
–
–
19.15
18.03
–
13.33
–
–
23.24
22.57
–
14.42
–
–
26.82
25.75
–
19.23
–
–
35.89
35.89
–
22.19
–
–
38.75
44.28
–
25.92
26.94
26.94
21.92
–
21.92
19.06
23.26
23.26
16.51
–
16.51
19.91
24.38
24.38
17.41
–
17.41
22.22
25.60
25.60
20.04
–
20.04
26.26
26.81
26.81
26.40
–
26.40
42.08
30.07
30.07
29.56
–
29.56
5.05
–
32.51
32.51
6.94
–
38.94
38.94
16.59
–
42.91
42.91
22.06
–
54.39
54.39
27.39
–
68.69
68.69
22.34
23.17
–
–
17.15
17.16
–
–
18.60
19.91
–
–
20.77
24.80
–
–
25.31
25.85
–
–
28.59
28.59
–
–
12.50
16.36
13.83
14.00
19.02
21.34
20.00
17.16
25.84
27.02
29.95
21.14
32.29
28.94
30.00
25.75
42.05
37.61
37.98
32.61
–
–
–
18.84
–
–
–
15.26
–
–
–
15.76
–
–
–
18.02
–
–
–
21.38
–
–
–
23.19
14.16
18.00
14.95
20.39
21.37
15.94
21.82
22.51
18.25
25.52
25.79
19.43
28.65
27.22
19.43
–
–
17.13
–
–
15.76
–
–
15.76
–
–
16.45
–
–
18.66
–
–
20.57
12.20
15.00
15.58
15.72
28.38
17.66
13.82
17.16
18.25
20.68
96.45
19.81
17.73
20.00
21.29
28.44
109.96
27.00
22.55
23.41
22.08
35.69
155.82
34.69
25.73
27.91
22.99
37.84
200.50
40.00
17.48
–
–
–
–
–
15.15
–
–
–
–
–
15.76
–
–
–
–
–
17.22
–
–
–
–
–
18.45
–
–
–
–
–
21.28
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
8
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
Private industry
State and local government
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
25
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$22.22
$25.00
$26.01
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Professional specialty and technical
occupations (-Continued)
Technical occupations (-Continued)
Legal assistants .............................. $20.93
Technical and related occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
19.97
Executive, administrative, and managerial
occupations ..........................................
34.68
Executives, administrators, and
managers ......................................
40.43
Administrators and officials, public
administration ...........................
–
Financial managers ........................
36.51
Personnel and labor relations
managers ..................................
33.65
Managers., marketing, advertising
and public relations ...................
41.16
Administrators, education and
related fields .............................
21.72
Managers, medicine and health .....
32.79
Managers, service organizations,
N.E.C. .......................................
21.50
Managers and administrators,
N.E.C. .......................................
45.24
Management related occupations ......
26.23
Accountants and auditors ...............
23.88
Other financial officers ....................
26.76
Management analysts ....................
28.77
Personnel, training, and labor
relations specialists ..................
32.07
Purchasing agents and buyers,
N.E.C. .......................................
26.37
Construction inspectors ..................
–
Management related occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
25.80
Sales occupations ......................................
15.41
Supervisors, sales occupations ......
20.03
Securities and financial services
sales occupations .....................
16.55
Advertising and related sales
occupations ..............................
26.35
Sales occupations, other business
services ....................................
15.00
Sales representatives, mining,
manufacturing, and wholesale ..
31.19
Sales workers, apparel ...................
9.89
Sales workers, furniture & home
furnishings ................................
9.08
Sales workers, other commodities ..
10.19
Cashiers .........................................
10.54
Sales support occupations, N.E.C.
16.46
Administrative support occupations,
including clerical ...................................
14.21
Supervisors, general office .............
19.51
Supervisors, financial records
processing ................................
23.62
Computer operators ........................
18.22
Secretaries .....................................
17.01
Typists ............................................
14.26
Hotel clerks .....................................
10.11
Transportation ticket and
reservation agents ....................
14.25
Receptionists ..................................
10.66
$12.02 $17.24
–
9.50
15.49
21.00
25.00
28.00
17.34
22.07
30.42
41.58
52.40
27.41
16.67
20.90
24.64
30.84
43.28
19.04
28.35
36.53
46.92
59.48
34.33
23.16
27.48
30.84
43.28
48.10
–
19.03
–
23.36
–
34.00
–
41.83
–
60.67
31.00
–
23.16
–
23.88
–
28.93
–
35.03
–
46.78
–
17.50
27.43
32.41
43.33
45.53
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.56
29.07
41.06
49.69
59.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.51
18.58
19.39
24.00
19.39
29.50
22.78
36.06
31.25
48.07
39.72
–
32.35
–
35.47
–
42.49
–
43.28
–
44.50
–
12.50
17.75
19.25
25.24
30.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.36
15.56
15.20
18.32
20.72
32.13
19.33
18.28
20.43
23.08
40.28
24.13
23.59
23.57
26.01
49.28
29.81
29.36
31.97
30.36
60.73
37.02
32.69
38.46
47.13
–
22.31
–
–
–
–
15.41
–
–
–
–
18.30
–
–
–
–
21.99
–
–
–
–
25.08
–
–
–
–
30.22
–
–
–
15.38
17.74
25.09
31.06
70.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.84
–
22.58
–
27.33
–
29.57
–
29.82
–
–
27.62
–
21.34
–
21.91
–
30.12
–
30.22
–
32.23
15.56
6.40
8.65
19.85
8.00
11.34
24.76
12.06
16.05
30.15
19.42
23.00
38.95
28.82
44.55
18.44
–
–
12.78
–
–
16.67
–
–
18.39
–
–
20.91
–
–
23.88
–
–
10.09
11.11
13.27
15.80
38.46
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.52
21.37
26.75
31.74
33.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.00
9.90
12.95
22.14
22.14
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.95
5.38
24.73
6.20
29.40
7.59
35.33
11.11
46.24
17.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.40
5.53
6.27
6.85
6.72
6.44
7.25
8.27
7.50
8.55
9.00
16.50
9.75
12.02
14.39
20.24
13.01
16.27
15.86
29.51
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.79
13.16
10.50
15.18
13.56
18.87
17.26
22.13
20.19
26.51
16.22
–
11.44
–
13.74
–
16.18
–
18.21
–
21.59
–
15.89
15.77
12.00
9.76
7.50
18.71
15.77
13.70
9.76
8.89
22.16
18.74
16.86
15.51
9.62
31.82
19.27
20.00
17.26
12.00
33.78
20.00
21.91
18.12
13.38
–
–
17.33
–
–
–
–
14.35
–
–
–
–
14.67
–
–
–
–
16.80
–
–
–
–
19.84
–
–
–
–
21.70
–
–
7.55
8.75
7.78
9.50
15.02
10.49
19.61
11.00
22.27
13.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
9
$18.78 $15.26 $15.77 $17.68 $22.46 $22.90
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
10
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations,
including clerical (-Continued)
Information clerks, N.E.C. ............... $14.88
Order clerks ....................................
13.56
Personnel clerks except payroll &
timekeeping ..............................
18.20
Library clerks ..................................
–
File clerks .......................................
10.44
Records clerks, N.E.C. ...................
12.71
Bookkeepers, accounting and
auditing clerks ...........................
14.51
Billing clerks ....................................
14.34
Dispatchers .....................................
15.67
Production coordinators ..................
15.72
Traffic, shipping and receiving
clerks ........................................
14.31
Stock and inventory clerks ..............
12.06
Material recording, scheduling, and
distribution clerks, N.E.C. .........
16.78
Insurance adjusters, examiners, &
investigators .............................
15.99
Investigators and adjusters except
insurance ..................................
13.79
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .......
–
General office clerks .......................
13.24
Bank tellers .....................................
9.52
Data entry keyers ...........................
12.38
Teachers’ aides ..............................
–
Administrative support occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
14.54
Blue-collar occupations ...............................
Precision production, craft, and repair
occupations ..........................................
Supervisors, mechanics and
repairers ...................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine
mechanics ................................
Industrial machinery repairers ........
Electronic repairers,
communications and industrial
equipment .................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ....
Electricians .....................................
Supervisors, production
occupations ..............................
Machinists .......................................
Electrical and electronic equipment
assemblers ...............................
Inspectors, testers, and graders .....
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors .............................................
Miscellaneous machine operators,
N.E.C. .......................................
Assemblers .....................................
Production inspectors, checkers
and examiners ..........................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ..........................................
Truck drivers ...................................
Industrial truck and tractor
equipment operators .................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers ..........................................
State and local government
25
$10.46 $12.29
9.00 10.96
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$14.96
13.18
$17.09
15.80
$19.23
18.55
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.50
–
7.97
8.00
17.25
–
7.97
8.50
19.25
–
9.20
13.29
21.69
–
13.39
16.73
21.69
–
14.75
17.12
–
$14.20
–
14.87
–
$7.35
–
12.82
–
–
–
–
$9.92 $13.38 $15.77 $22.67
–
–
–
–
12.82 13.73 17.08 17.92
10.38
10.51
11.89
11.00
11.67
12.69
13.00
12.00
13.75
13.68
13.33
13.85
16.84
16.85
17.79
18.86
21.38
16.92
22.33
23.60
16.74
–
21.52
–
12.71
–
18.48
–
16.55
–
20.05
–
16.78
–
21.40
–
17.57
–
23.63
–
21.35
–
24.47
–
7.45
7.80
10.00
9.38
13.25
11.70
18.03
14.50
19.87
17.26
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.18
14.36
17.49
19.44
23.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.63
12.63
15.69
19.35
22.09
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.96
–
7.23
7.75
9.00
–
11.00
–
10.00
8.39
10.50
–
12.45
–
13.13
9.17
12.73
–
16.83
–
16.63
10.38
15.24
–
19.43
–
19.26
11.76
15.34
–
–
19.42
14.61
–
–
12.05
–
14.79
11.26
–
–
8.50
–
16.01
13.03
–
–
8.64
–
18.09
14.97
–
–
13.74
–
21.02
16.31
–
–
13.74
–
26.16
18.21
–
–
15.35
10.00
11.54
14.45
18.00
19.37
17.49
14.46
16.14
17.47
18.51
20.03
14.65
7.00
8.80
13.64
19.37
23.83
20.63
14.50
17.16
19.88
23.75
28.52
18.08
8.98
12.84
18.25
22.86
25.83
24.20
18.90
20.57
23.25
26.24
33.75
23.47
17.93
18.41
24.28
25.37
28.85
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.22
20.49
11.70
18.87
17.34
19.26
19.59
20.73
23.83
20.73
23.83
23.44
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.28
19.08
25.92
12.64
13.90
16.17
13.82
15.98
20.08
18.25
18.61
25.40
20.07
22.21
32.55
22.00
24.42
34.40
–
23.68
–
–
19.03
–
–
22.75
–
–
23.25
–
–
26.13
–
–
30.39
–
22.65
21.78
16.43
16.16
16.43
19.49
20.95
22.60
27.02
22.95
31.49
25.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.07
15.18
6.76
8.50
7.70
10.74
9.60
12.96
12.00
17.37
14.00
22.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.32
7.00
8.40
11.48
15.50
19.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.17
11.53
7.99
7.00
9.50
7.56
11.54
9.00
15.50
15.50
16.19
19.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.20
8.05
9.14
10.70
12.75
13.35
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.40
15.56
5.90
8.55
9.31
10.34
14.67
16.54
18.03
18.00
27.66
20.95
18.36
–
14.50
–
15.98
–
19.14
–
19.88
–
20.47
–
15.56
11.00
11.85
14.55
15.19
27.95
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.19
5.52
6.90
8.68
12.00
18.00
17.26
14.35
15.66
17.33
18.87
18.99
See footnotes at end of table.
10
Table A-2. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, all workers2, private industry and State and local government, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
Private industry
Percentiles
Occupation3
Mean
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers (-Continued)
Groundskeepers and gardeners
except farm ...............................
Stock handlers and baggers ...........
Freight, stock, and material
handlers, N.E.C. .......................
Vehicle washers and equipment
cleaners ....................................
Hand packers and packagers .........
Laborers except construction,
N.E.C. .......................................
Service occupations .....................................
Protective service occupations ...........
Firefighting occupations ..................
Police and detectives, public
service ......................................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law
enforcement officers .................
Correctional institution officers .......
Guards and police except public
service ......................................
Food service occupations ...................
Supervisors, food preparation and
service occupations ..................
Waiters and waitresses ..................
Cooks .............................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ..
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......
Food preparation occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
Health service occupations .................
Health aides, except nursing ..........
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .................................
Cleaning and building service
occupations ..................................
Maids and housemen .....................
Janitors and cleaners .....................
Personal service occupations .............
Attendants, amusement and
recreation facilities ....................
Baggage porters and bellhops ........
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ..........
State and local government
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
$9.27
–
$6.75
–
$7.10
–
$8.25
–
$10.50
–
$12.62
13.07
7.69
9.25
11.55
18.83
19.64
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.64
7.83
5.15
5.82
5.15
6.77
5.60
7.70
6.10
8.68
10.29
9.29
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.56
7.75
8.58
13.23
17.03
18.45
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.57
8.95
–
6.00
7.04
–
7.04
7.44
–
8.00
7.70
–
11.23
8.98
–
14.41
12.21
–
20.71
24.27
22.49
12.17
16.32
17.13
14.85
20.08
19.67
20.84
24.27
21.86
26.03
28.15
24.56
30.65
32.44
27.68
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.92
21.81
24.85
28.15
30.72
34.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.99
20.58
15.86
14.98
17.38
19.12
22.58
22.13
26.03
22.13
27.26
23.35
8.68
8.54
7.04
5.39
7.34
5.90
7.63
7.65
8.51
9.76
11.33
13.42
–
11.57
–
8.94
–
9.16
–
10.23
–
14.04
–
16.82
11.94
6.39
13.57
8.14
8.32
7.78
5.15
8.32
5.39
5.50
10.50
5.70
8.87
6.67
6.00
12.50
5.75
12.86
8.00
7.68
14.00
6.31
16.45
9.33
9.89
15.69
9.41
21.63
10.54
13.45
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.20
10.97
12.91
(4)
7.15
8.76
(4)
8.14
10.67
(4)
10.32
14.58
(4)
14.31
15.04
(4)
14.78
15.44
9.50
15.83
18.21
8.66
11.42
12.78
9.09
11.55
14.29
9.19
14.60
16.91
9.87
20.00
22.61
11.17
22.61
24.92
10.36
6.94
7.84
9.33
13.44
14.58
14.29
11.42
11.55
12.82
15.67
21.21
9.46
9.24
9.39
12.11
6.61
6.50
6.61
5.87
7.04
7.00
7.12
6.82
7.88
8.19
7.86
8.78
12.01
12.01
12.00
13.00
13.98
12.69
13.98
22.14
17.41
–
16.34
14.24
12.25
–
12.17
7.50
13.56
–
13.42
10.20
15.72
–
15.64
12.68
19.85
–
17.40
16.22
24.92
–
22.93
27.12
–
8.03
9.64
–
5.51
6.82
–
6.02
6.90
–
6.50
9.90
–
8.25
11.35
–
15.01
13.00
9.54
–
–
6.70
–
–
8.54
–
–
9.56
–
–
10.97
–
–
10.97
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in
the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive
the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less
than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than
the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as
working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be
considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$18.00 $14.42 $15.09 $16.84 $18.51 $18.51
–
–
–
–
–
–
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
4 The positional statistics for this occupation were suppressed because some were
below the minimum wage. In this update survey, an average decrease in mean wages
for this occupation was applied to the positional statistics, causing the 10th percentile to
go below the minimum wage.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A
procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with
the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
11
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
10
All occupations ................................................. $21.64
All occupations excluding sales ......................
21.88
White-collar occupations .............................
White-collar occupations excluding sales ...
Professional specialty and technical
occupations ..........................................
Professional specialty occupations .........
Engineers, architects, and surveyors
Civil engineers ................................
Electrical and electronic engineers
Industrial engineers ........................
Mechanical engineers .....................
Engineers, N.E.C. ...........................
Mathematical and computer scientists
Computer systems analysts and
scientists ...................................
Natural scientists ................................
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ..............
Health related occupations .................
Physicians ......................................
Registered nurses ..........................
Teachers, college and university ........
Psychology teachers ......................
Business, commerce and
marketing teachers ...................
English teachers .............................
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ...
Teachers, except college and
university ......................................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..
Elementary school teachers ...........
Secondary school teachers ............
Teachers, special education ...........
Teachers, N.E.C. ............................
Substitute teachers .........................
Vocational and educational
counselors ................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators .....
Librarians ........................................
Social scientists and urban planners ..
Economists .....................................
Psychologists ..................................
Social, recreation, and religious
workers .........................................
Social workers ................................
Lawyers and judges ............................
Lawyers ..........................................
Writers, authors, entertainers,
athletes, and professionals,
N.E.C. ...........................................
Designers .......................................
Professional occupations, N.E.C. ...
Technical occupations ............................
Clinical laboratory technologists
and technicians .........................
Radiological technicians .................
Licensed practical nurses ...............
Health technologists and
technicians, N.E.C. ...................
Electrical and electronic technicians
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. .....
Drafters ...........................................
Part-time
25
$8.30 $12.55
8.42 12.78
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$18.68
18.86
$27.27
27.48
$37.84
38.08
Median
50
10
25
75
90
$13.34
14.05
$6.00
6.17
$7.28
7.63
$9.76 $15.35 $28.81
10.44 16.58 29.87
25.42
26.14
11.06
12.00
15.51
16.15
21.83
22.40
31.98
32.69
43.19
43.59
16.44
18.63
6.56
8.18
8.59
10.31
12.85
15.00
24.51
26.70
30.19
31.28
30.38
32.21
33.46
35.69
33.84
30.58
30.64
33.41
35.94
16.90
19.26
21.98
22.05
21.98
22.22
20.04
20.00
24.14
21.51
24.29
26.28
26.86
26.63
24.72
25.53
25.48
27.76
28.59
30.74
32.57
33.55
33.36
28.69
30.09
33.63
33.97
36.38
38.25
39.38
45.86
38.65
33.06
36.92
41.01
40.40
45.83
47.18
46.00
53.57
45.08
49.25
39.87
46.64
51.14
26.08
27.15
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.33
13.82
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.89
21.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.17
28.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30.67
30.89
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
34.83
34.95
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
35.89
29.19
29.54
26.12
25.11
27.33
38.40
–
24.26
16.87
15.83
17.35
16.56
20.23
24.72
–
27.60
23.88
19.36
20.07
17.35
21.94
29.21
–
33.81
30.76
31.43
25.34
18.86
28.96
33.71
–
40.33
37.19
37.24
30.61
19.91
31.36
42.16
–
51.58
37.31
37.31
34.52
52.86
34.42
63.62
–
–
–
–
30.16
–
29.87
27.44
20.76
–
–
–
25.46
–
26.24
15.00
10.36
–
–
–
27.75
–
28.18
17.42
10.36
–
–
–
29.87
–
29.87
23.63
21.87
–
–
–
31.36
–
31.28
36.67
27.93
–
–
–
34.83
–
33.95
47.56
30.44
–
–
34.59
–
–
18.72
–
–
25.26
–
–
31.94
–
–
41.67
–
–
55.81
28.48
38.56
27.28
9.84
23.63
15.91
21.87
23.71
17.42
27.93
38.53
20.83
41.67
46.21
36.38
41.67
50.21
49.59
32.82
18.29
34.20
32.35
36.91
47.05
–
18.05
9.42
21.05
13.25
29.88
21.66
–
23.04
10.69
26.04
25.02
33.27
21.66
–
32.40
12.39
33.56
31.97
37.48
28.69
–
40.42
19.31
40.42
37.51
41.47
58.25
–
48.50
37.94
48.50
51.24
47.18
96.26
–
23.61
–
42.66
–
–
21.87
12.65
10.01
–
11.03
–
–
8.00
10.60
11.02
–
19.94
–
–
10.01
10.63
15.59
–
30.00
–
–
22.03
13.33
27.78
–
78.16
–
–
25.25
14.17
40.02
–
78.16
–
–
39.94
14.78
24.94
26.63
26.63
28.24
29.10
26.75
17.29
21.32
21.32
19.15
18.03
20.04
19.91
24.38
24.38
22.21
22.57
20.04
21.71
25.60
25.60
26.40
25.75
26.82
26.26
27.46
27.46
33.98
35.89
31.16
42.08
30.07
30.07
38.75
44.28
34.51
–
–
–
17.06
–
–
–
–
–
15.79
–
–
–
–
–
15.79
–
–
–
–
–
16.58
–
–
–
–
–
17.41
–
–
–
–
–
19.19
–
–
19.63
23.18
46.70
46.70
6.94
17.15
32.51
32.51
16.83
19.91
38.46
38.46
20.77
24.45
43.27
43.27
25.28
27.39
53.76
53.76
27.47
28.59
68.69
68.69
17.66
17.58
–
–
11.95
11.95
–
–
13.17
13.17
–
–
18.35
18.35
–
–
18.89
18.89
–
–
24.98
24.98
–
–
27.39
26.07
26.12
23.29
12.96
16.36
13.83
14.38
20.71
21.34
20.00
16.68
25.84
27.02
29.95
20.52
32.22
28.94
30.00
25.00
42.05
37.61
37.98
30.31
20.85
–
–
20.89
12.50
–
–
13.00
15.00
–
–
16.13
17.55
–
–
19.43
27.95
–
–
25.73
27.95
–
–
29.00
22.62
24.07
17.22
14.78
20.62
15.07
20.57
21.74
15.76
21.82
22.01
17.02
25.00
26.86
19.21
28.65
28.64
19.43
–
–
18.64
–
–
15.86
–
–
17.83
–
–
19.43
–
–
19.43
–
–
20.73
17.28
20.05
20.46
28.94
12.46
15.00
16.09
20.00
14.56
17.16
18.63
20.68
16.96
19.14
21.64
29.00
18.45
23.12
22.08
35.69
22.55
26.24
22.42
37.84
20.34
–
–
–
13.82
–
–
–
15.15
–
–
–
20.01
–
–
–
25.73
–
–
–
25.73
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
12
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Part-time
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
Percentiles
Mean
75
90
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Professional specialty and technical
occupations (-Continued)
Technical occupations (-Continued)
Airplane pilots and navigators ........ $121.54
Computer programmers .................
29.58
Legal assistants ..............................
20.25
Technical and related occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
19.79
Executive, administrative, and managerial
occupations ..........................................
33.63
Executives, administrators, and
managers ......................................
39.83
Administrators and officials, public
administration ...........................
31.00
Financial managers ........................
36.62
Personnel and labor relations
managers ..................................
33.37
Managers., marketing, advertising
and public relations ...................
41.16
Administrators, education and
related fields .............................
33.95
Managers, medicine and health .....
33.91
Managers, service organizations,
N.E.C. .......................................
22.83
Managers and administrators,
N.E.C. .......................................
45.22
Management related occupations ......
25.43
Accountants and auditors ...............
24.05
Other financial officers ....................
26.50
Management analysts ....................
29.00
Personnel, training, and labor
relations specialists ..................
31.47
Purchasing agents and buyers,
N.E.C. .......................................
26.37
Construction inspectors ..................
27.62
Inspectors and compliance officers,
except construction ...................
22.64
Management related occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
23.78
Sales occupations ......................................
17.47
Supervisors, sales occupations ......
20.04
Securities and financial services
sales occupations .....................
16.83
Advertising and related sales
occupations ..............................
27.05
Sales occupations, other business
services ....................................
15.00
Sales representatives, mining,
manufacturing, and wholesale ..
31.19
Sales workers, apparel ...................
12.46
Sales workers, furniture & home
furnishings ................................
–
Sales workers, other commodities ..
11.37
Cashiers .........................................
11.56
Sales support occupations, N.E.C.
20.01
Administrative support occupations,
including clerical ...................................
15.12
Supervisors, general office .............
19.98
Supervisors, financial records
processing ................................
23.62
$28.38 $96.45 $109.96 $155.82 $200.50
17.85 19.83
27.00
33.51
40.00
13.37 15.23
21.53
25.00
25.48
–
–
–
10.73
15.49
20.00
24.12
27.50
17.31
21.88
29.45
40.28
51.43
21.14
12.49
13.45
17.75
24.37
28.91
19.39
28.07
36.33
46.28
57.17
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.16
19.03
23.88
23.15
28.93
34.00
35.03
41.83
46.78
60.67
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.47
26.84
32.41
43.33
45.53
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.56
29.07
41.06
49.69
59.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.39
18.58
23.38
24.29
36.29
30.84
43.28
37.26
43.28
48.10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.50
13.35
25.24
28.92
30.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.36
15.50
15.38
18.20
21.01
31.89
18.83
18.59
20.43
23.14
40.28
23.63
23.59
23.53
26.13
49.72
29.07
29.00
31.25
31.25
61.77
35.19
32.69
38.22
47.13
–
22.02
–
–
–
–
12.49
–
–
–
–
12.49
–
–
–
–
18.79
–
–
–
–
28.91
–
–
–
–
35.27
–
–
–
17.31
20.45
24.74
30.25
55.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.84
21.34
22.58
21.91
27.33
30.12
29.57
30.22
29.82
32.23
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.01
15.41
21.75
25.08
38.14
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.61
7.50
8.65
18.23
9.60
11.47
22.10
14.75
16.14
27.73
22.60
23.00
36.61
31.25
44.55
–
8.04
–
–
5.72
–
–
6.25
–
–
7.00
–
–
8.61
–
10.30
11.18
13.31
16.20
38.46
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.50
23.08
26.75
31.74
33.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.00
9.90
12.95
22.14
22.14
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.95
6.05
24.73
7.47
29.40
10.45
35.33
16.83
46.24
22.60
–
7.54
–
5.38
–
6.05
–
6.40
–
8.60
–
10.10
–
5.50
7.26
9.70
–
7.50
8.15
15.30
–
9.60
11.25
19.00
–
14.05
14.67
24.84
–
19.31
16.17
31.66
7.79
7.58
8.97
7.94
6.40
5.72
6.00
6.30
6.72
6.12
6.36
6.55
7.24
6.85
7.25
7.25
8.57
8.55
9.50
8.27
10.00
10.12
15.86
10.35
9.33
15.18
11.70
17.42
14.96
21.22
18.00
22.27
20.93
22.82
11.39
–
7.55
–
8.64
–
10.50
–
13.74
–
15.45
–
15.89
18.71
22.16
31.82
33.78
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
13
$17.75 $12.44 $12.78 $15.13 $22.00 $27.00
–
11.76
–
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
10
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations,
including clerical (-Continued)
Supervisors, distribution,
scheduling, and adjusting clerks $19.05
Computer operators ........................
18.26
Secretaries .....................................
17.11
Typists ............................................
15.40
Hotel clerks .....................................
10.11
Transportation ticket and
reservation agents ....................
14.20
Receptionists ..................................
10.71
Information clerks, N.E.C. ...............
15.56
Order clerks ....................................
14.57
Personnel clerks except payroll &
timekeeping ..............................
18.46
Library clerks ..................................
15.04
File clerks .......................................
10.55
Records clerks, N.E.C. ...................
13.08
Bookkeepers, accounting and
auditing clerks ...........................
15.05
Billing clerks ....................................
15.06
Dispatchers .....................................
18.50
Production coordinators ..................
15.72
Traffic, shipping and receiving
clerks ........................................
14.63
Stock and inventory clerks ..............
12.41
Material recording, scheduling, and
distribution clerks, N.E.C. .........
17.38
Insurance adjusters, examiners, &
investigators .............................
15.99
Investigators and adjusters except
insurance ..................................
14.68
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .......
18.00
Bill and account collectors ..............
15.61
General office clerks .......................
14.58
Bank tellers .....................................
10.01
Data entry keyers ...........................
12.53
Teachers’ aides ..............................
–
Administrative support occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
15.58
Blue-collar occupations ...............................
Precision production, craft, and repair
occupations ..........................................
Supervisors, mechanics and
repairers ...................................
Automobile mechanics ...................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine
mechanics ................................
Industrial machinery repairers ........
Electronic repairers,
communications and industrial
equipment .................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ....
Electricians .....................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ............
Supervisors, production
occupations ..............................
Machinists .......................................
Electrical and electronic equipment
assemblers ...............................
Inspectors, testers, and graders .....
Part-time
25
$14.21 $16.22
15.77 15.77
12.20 14.26
10.81 12.34
7.50
8.89
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$18.78
18.74
16.97
15.51
9.62
$23.44
19.62
20.00
17.26
12.00
$24.20
20.00
21.91
21.13
13.38
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$16.04 $10.00 $13.00 $14.36 $19.04 $26.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.55
9.00
11.33
11.42
7.78
9.50
12.94
12.69
15.28
10.49
16.28
13.69
19.61
11.00
17.35
16.49
22.13
14.39
19.23
19.65
14.40
10.29
–
–
7.55
8.00
–
–
8.01
8.00
–
–
13.96
10.25
–
–
22.27
12.22
–
–
22.27
12.24
–
–
16.00
11.46
7.97
8.00
17.25
13.23
7.97
9.00
19.25
14.25
9.20
13.73
21.69
15.49
13.39
16.73
21.69
19.37
14.75
17.12
–
12.66
–
–
–
7.35
–
–
–
9.47
–
–
–
12.40
–
–
–
13.31
–
–
–
22.67
–
–
10.50
11.23
13.00
11.00
12.00
12.69
13.31
12.00
14.73
15.68
20.56
13.85
17.57
16.85
22.40
18.86
21.35
16.92
23.75
23.60
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.45
8.89
10.00
9.52
14.75
12.00
18.03
14.72
19.87
17.26
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.73
16.32
17.49
19.44
21.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.63
12.63
15.69
19.35
22.09
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.63
12.93
12.20
9.86
7.49
9.00
–
11.72
15.46
12.20
12.34
8.86
10.88
–
14.60
17.34
17.37
14.93
9.86
12.81
–
18.00
20.56
17.89
16.71
11.34
15.24
–
19.43
26.16
18.78
18.96
12.31
15.34
–
–
–
–
10.50
9.02
–
11.99
–
–
–
6.35
7.75
–
8.44
–
–
–
7.52
8.14
–
8.64
–
–
–
10.00
8.83
–
13.19
–
–
–
12.78
9.61
–
13.74
–
–
–
16.12
10.73
–
15.35
10.47
12.81
16.14
18.21
19.83
11.54
6.05
10.00
10.00
14.93
15.00
15.35
7.00
9.25
14.70
20.13
24.25
12.09
6.75
7.12
9.59
13.75
18.63
18.68
9.35
13.28
19.26
23.25
26.07
20.32
6.79
10.57
14.47
32.21
37.01
24.55
22.22
18.41
17.50
23.03
20.62
25.37
22.42
29.09
23.38
30.06
25.92
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.22
20.91
11.70
18.87
17.34
19.26
19.59
20.73
23.83
22.56
23.83
23.44
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.54
20.01
23.87
19.20
12.64
13.99
18.90
17.15
13.90
16.45
18.90
17.15
18.25
20.71
21.06
19.39
20.50
23.25
29.91
20.57
22.51
25.44
32.55
26.24
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.65
21.78
16.43
16.16
16.43
19.49
20.95
22.60
27.02
22.95
31.49
25.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.15
15.18
6.98
8.50
7.70
10.74
9.74
12.96
12.01
17.37
14.00
22.61
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Percentiles
Mean
10
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair
occupations (-Continued)
Stationary engineers ....................... $24.68
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors .............................................
12.30
Miscellaneous machine operators,
N.E.C. .......................................
12.17
Assemblers .....................................
11.53
Production inspectors, checkers
and examiners ..........................
11.27
Transportation and material moving
occupations ..........................................
16.03
Truck drivers ...................................
15.64
Bus drivers ......................................
17.08
Industrial truck and tractor
equipment operators .................
15.56
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers ..........................................
11.05
Groundskeepers and gardeners
except farm ...............................
15.74
Stock handlers and baggers ...........
9.62
Freight, stock, and material
handlers, N.E.C. .......................
13.60
Vehicle washers and equipment
cleaners ....................................
6.64
Hand packers and packagers .........
7.88
Laborers except construction,
N.E.C. .......................................
14.49
Service occupations .....................................
Protective service occupations ...........
Firefighting occupations ..................
Police and detectives, public
service ......................................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law
enforcement officers .................
Correctional institution officers .......
Guards and police except public
service ......................................
Food service occupations ...................
Supervisors, food preparation and
service occupations ..................
Waiters and waitresses ..................
Cooks .............................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ..
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......
Food preparation occupations,
N.E.C. .......................................
Part-time
25
$21.74 $23.75
Percentiles
Mean
Median
50
75
90
$24.20
$27.11
$27.11
10
25
Median
50
75
90
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.00
8.40
11.25
15.50
19.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.99
7.00
9.50
7.56
11.54
9.00
15.50
15.50
16.19
19.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.00
8.98
10.92
12.75
13.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.90
8.55
9.25
10.50
10.49
15.49
15.49
16.54
19.88
19.88
18.00
19.88
26.74
20.63
19.88
$12.32
–
–
$8.28
–
–
11.00
11.85
14.55
15.19
27.95
–
–
–
–
5.50
7.30
9.25
14.99
18.87
9.45
6.75
6.90
9.24
7.30
11.53
8.00
15.68
9.04
18.00
10.50
18.51
12.62
–
8.79
–
6.50
7.75
9.25
12.79
19.61
19.64
10.73
5.15
5.82
5.15
6.84
5.60
7.80
6.10
8.95
10.29
9.29
7.75
8.76
15.34
17.82
14.14
21.17
22.49
6.92
8.57
17.13
7.88
15.55
19.67
12.01
22.13
21.86
27.92
21.81
24.85
21.99
20.58
15.86
14.98
10.86
9.56
$9.31 $10.60 $16.04 $18.50
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.56
10.34
14.47
–
6.75
–
6.99
–
9.31
–
15.47
7.00
8.88
10.09
12.56
14.47
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.61
27.26
24.56
26.03
30.91
27.68
8.30
–
–
5.55
–
–
6.46
–
–
7.63
–
–
9.18
–
–
28.15
30.72
34.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.38
19.12
22.58
22.13
26.03
22.13
27.26
23.35
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.44
6.00
7.98
6.77
8.88
8.50
12.40
11.17
16.00
14.86
–
7.38
–
5.15
–
5.39
–
6.00
–
8.95
–
12.74
11.94
6.75
15.01
8.62
8.11
7.78
5.75
8.17
6.71
5.63
10.50
5.75
10.35
7.61
6.00
12.50
6.29
14.86
8.50
7.74
14.00
7.65
19.23
9.65
9.80
15.69
9.41
21.63
10.54
11.49
–
6.07
–
8.45
–
–
5.15
–
5.39
–
–
5.15
–
5.60
–
–
5.70
–
6.68
–
–
5.76
–
12.62
–
–
9.76
–
13.91
–
8.40
6.08
6.63
7.50
9.15
12.01
6.85
( 4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
See footnotes at end of table.
15
12.90
–
–
Table A-3. Hourly earnings1 for selected occupations, full-time and part-time workers2, all industries, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Full-time
Occupation3
Part-time
Percentiles
Mean
Service occupations (-Continued)
Health service occupations ................. $11.56
Health aides, except nursing ..........
14.19
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .................................
10.59
Cleaning and building service
occupations ..................................
11.69
Supervisors, cleaning & building
service workers .........................
23.86
Maids and housemen .....................
9.66
Janitors and cleaners .....................
11.58
Personal service occupations .............
14.74
Attendants, amusement and
recreation facilities ....................
–
Baggage porters and bellhops ........
7.71
Welfare service aides .....................
–
Early childhood teachers’
assistants ..................................
–
Child care workers, N.E.C. .............
–
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ..........
10.82
Percentiles
Mean
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$7.48
8.93
$8.26
11.18
$10.90
14.58
$14.58
15.29
$15.67
19.04
$12.28
13.48
7.15
7.88
9.33
12.66
14.60
11.93
6.88
10.00
13.19
13.85
14.59
6.98
7.54
10.64
14.03
16.98
7.71
5.55
6.20
7.12
8.30
11.37
11.97
6.63
6.98
6.19
16.33
7.00
7.54
8.00
31.03
8.92
10.87
10.70
31.03
12.01
14.19
17.82
31.03
12.69
16.98
29.61
–
–
7.71
9.33
–
–
5.55
5.87
–
–
5.93
6.75
–
–
7.04
8.44
–
–
8.00
11.00
–
–
11.37
13.32
–
5.51
–
–
6.00
–
–
6.50
–
–
7.28
–
–
15.29
–
9.19
–
6.52
6.70
–
5.87
6.70
–
5.87
9.56
–
5.87
10.97
–
7.36
10.97
–
7.74
–
–
6.82
–
–
8.15
–
–
10.70
–
–
12.86
–
–
15.63
10.64
10.65
9.44
5.85
7.50
6.90
8.00
8.44
7.00
12.09
9.64
8.27
12.26
12.75
11.00
13.12
14.79
13.00
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles designate position in
the earnings distribution. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the workers receive
the same as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the workers earn the same as or less
than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as or more than
the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based
on the definition used by each establishment.
Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the
minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$7.25 $11.00 $13.44 $14.35 $15.04
11.39 11.39 14.58 15.30 15.44
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
4 The positional statistics for this occupation were suppressed because some were
below the minimum wage. In this update survey, an average decrease in mean wages
for this occupation was applied to the positional statistics, causing the 10th percentile to
go below the minimum wage.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
NOTE: Individual and average wage rates were collected in this update survey. A
procedure was put into place to "move" the positional statistics where averages were
collected. This procedure compares current locality survey data–at the quote level–with
the same quote from the prior survey. Individual rates from the prior survey are moved by
the average change in mean wages for the occupation.
16
Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries,
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
All industries
Occupation3
Mean
weekly
hours4
Weekly earnings
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
Annual earnings
Mean
Median
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
39.9
39.9
$863
872
$738
748
2,034
2,032
$44,027
44,468
$38,068
38,480
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
40.0
40.0
1,017
1,046
868
893
2,026
2,022
51,483
52,857
44,184
45,386
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Civil engineers ......................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .......................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
Engineers, N.E.C. .................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
Natural scientists ......................................................
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ....................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Physicians ............................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. .........................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Teachers, N.E.C. ..................................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Economists ...........................................................
Psychologists ........................................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Designers .............................................................
Professional occupations, N.E.C. .........................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Radiological technicians .......................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. .......
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ...........................
Drafters .................................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ..............................
Computer programmers .......................................
Legal assistants ....................................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Personnel and labor relations managers ..............
Managers., marketing, advertising and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Management related occupations ............................
40.0
40.2
41.5
40.0
42.0
41.9
42.4
41.1
41.1
41.2
40.0
40.0
40.6
47.8
39.3
44.5
34.4
35.3
34.2
35.3
36.4
35.2
28.3
37.8
39.3
39.3
42.9
43.6
41.8
43.0
40.3
40.4
40.4
1,215
1,296
1,387
1,426
1,422
1,280
1,298
1,374
1,478
1,478
1,168
1,181
1,060
1,200
1,073
1,708
1,190
1,160
626
1,207
1,177
1,297
1,333
943
1,045
1,045
1,211
1,268
1,117
844
934
1,889
1,889
1,151
1,242
1,342
1,318
1,380
1,168
1,320
1,385
1,385
1,382
1,230
1,257
1,034
1,215
1,092
1,588
1,193
1,201
527
1,269
1,201
1,339
1,290
868
1,024
1,024
1,223
1,246
1,182
831
998
1,821
1,821
1,951
1,931
2,156
2,077
2,186
2,177
2,203
2,139
2,139
2,142
2,080
2,080
2,092
2,486
2,042
1,917
1,370
1,347
1,429
1,305
1,394
1,288
1,005
1,792
1,996
1,996
2,230
2,265
2,172
2,235
2,095
2,103
2,103
59,270
62,211
72,130
74,132
73,969
66,566
67,521
71,462
76,857
76,865
60,714
61,436
54,646
62,412
55,806
73,610
47,379
44,209
26,129
44,635
45,083
47,523
47,295
44,691
53,158
53,158
62,977
65,924
58,090
43,869
48,564
98,210
98,210
53,955
57,138
69,802
68,518
71,771
60,715
68,656
72,001
72,030
71,864
63,978
65,382
53,761
63,154
56,796
63,350
46,629
45,414
21,577
46,203
43,707
48,363
47,508
45,958
52,973
52,973
63,603
64,805
61,485
43,202
51,920
94,682
94,682
41.6
41.0
41.4
39.1
40.0
40.0
39.4
39.4
40.0
40.6
40.6
19.4
40.0
38.5
39.6
41.0
41.1
39.9
39.9
40.7
1,139
1,068
1,081
910
905
963
679
681
802
831
1,174
2,358
1,183
780
783
1,378
1,639
1,238
1,463
1,357
1,054
1,081
1,200
823
873
880
658
678
766
879
1,200
2,055
1,084
833
800
1,200
1,504
1,157
1,360
1,359
2,161
2,130
2,153
2,033
2,080
2,080
2,051
2,050
2,081
2,113
2,109
1,009
2,080
2,003
2,058
2,125
2,132
2,076
2,077
2,116
59,209
55,530
56,231
47,336
47,052
50,060
35,320
35,418
41,719
43,225
61,033
122,640
61,534
40,558
40,725
71,460
84,912
64,362
76,065
70,589
54,808
56,204
62,400
42,786
45,386
45,781
34,216
35,277
39,811
45,698
62,400
106,868
56,344
43,329
41,600
62,400
76,424
60,174
70,720
70,675
41.5
40.0
41.4
40.4
41.6
40.7
1,708
1,359
1,406
922
1,882
1,036
1,739
1,559
1,243
1,010
1,679
955
2,158
1,928
2,155
2,099
2,164
2,116
88,826
65,437
73,093
47,929
97,838
53,807
90,443
67,140
64,641
52,499
87,321
49,670
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries,
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Occupation3
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Management related occupations (-Continued)
Accountants and auditors .....................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except
construction ....................................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations ............................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Securities and financial services sales
occupations ....................................................
Advertising and related sales occupations ...........
Sales occupations, other business services .........
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, apparel .........................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Sales support occupations, N.E.C. .......................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and
adjusting clerks ...............................................
Computer operators ..............................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Information clerks, N.E.C. .....................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping ....
Library clerks ........................................................
File clerks .............................................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, N.E.C. ..................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ..
Investigators and adjusters except insurance ......
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .............................
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Mean
weekly
hours4
Median
Mean
annual
hours
Mean
Mean
40.0
41.8
43.5
$963
1,107
1,262
$944
1,066
1,201
2,082
2,173
2,264
$50,063
57,577
65,639
$49,067
55,411
62,431
40.7
43.8
39.3
1,280
1,154
1,085
1,004
1,130
1,205
2,115
2,275
2,044
66,556
60,012
56,440
52,187
58,758
62,650
41.1
40.3
39.8
40.7
930
958
695
815
870
913
587
673
2,137
2,087
2,067
2,114
48,365
49,637
36,101
42,363
45,240
47,424
30,514
35,006
39.6
40.0
40.4
667
1,082
606
531
1,070
518
2,060
2,080
2,100
34,665
56,263
31,503
27,602
55,640
26,936
40.0
37.3
39.7
39.1
39.9
39.4
40.0
40.0
1,248
464
451
452
797
595
799
944
1,176
370
380
444
760
588
849
759
2,080
1,938
2,049
2,035
2,073
2,040
2,080
2,077
64,883
24,138
23,287
23,522
41,467
30,846
41,563
49,067
61,160
19,240
19,760
23,088
39,520
30,474
44,138
39,488
40.0
39.2
38.9
39.7
40.0
40.0
39.7
39.7
39.9
40.0
39.3
39.2
39.5
38.7
39.6
40.0
40.0
39.4
39.6
762
716
666
611
404
568
425
618
582
739
591
413
516
582
596
740
629
576
492
751
749
661
601
385
611
415
662
547
770
570
368
549
574
627
822
554
590
480
2,080
2,040
2,006
2,064
2,080
2,080
2,065
2,066
2,076
2,080
2,023
2,038
2,051
1,997
2,060
2,080
2,080
2,047
2,048
39,624
37,235
34,324
31,784
21,020
29,527
22,116
32,143
30,256
38,405
30,421
21,502
26,841
30,051
31,010
38,475
32,707
29,943
25,414
39,062
38,968
34,242
31,253
20,008
31,782
21,588
34,436
28,454
40,040
29,640
19,133
28,558
29,138
32,624
42,764
28,808
30,674
24,960
40.0
37.9
39.9
39.1
39.5
39.8
39.7
39.0
39.6
696
605
586
704
617
580
398
488
617
700
588
584
661
652
593
386
509
632
2,082
1,969
2,075
2,014
2,054
2,068
2,066
2,026
2,052
36,193
31,482
30,450
36,244
32,062
30,148
20,678
25,385
31,955
36,379
30,596
30,368
34,393
33,879
30,826
20,083
26,478
32,801
39.9
39.9
40.0
40.0
40.0
37.9
612
745
982
889
769
791
587
756
1,015
897
784
770
2,058
2,072
2,080
2,080
2,080
1,968
31,580
38,724
51,067
46,213
39,977
41,153
30,368
39,312
52,770
46,634
40,747
40,061
See footnotes at end of table.
18
Weekly earnings
Annual earnings
Median
Table A-4. Weekly and annual earnings1 and hours for selected occupations, full-time workers only2, all industries,
San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All industries
Occupation3
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
(-Continued)
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Electricians ...........................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Supervisors, production occupations ....................
Machinists .............................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm .......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement
officers ............................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service occupations ...................................
Baggage porters and bellhops ..............................
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................
Mean
weekly
hours4
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.5
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
39.9
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.1
40.8
37.7
40.0
39.6
40.0
37.6
40.0
40.0
39.2
39.9
$701
801
955
768
917
871
406
607
987
490
487
461
451
643
638
645
622
437
630
362
544
266
309
578
$730
828
842
776
838
904
390
518
968
450
462
360
437
620
658
795
582
360
627
340
512
224
298
614
2,078
2,062
2,080
2,080
2,106
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,070
2,068
2,080
2,080
2,066
2,120
1,763
2,055
2,013
2,079
1,958
2,080
2,005
1,918
2,055
$36,441
41,263
49,646
39,930
47,694
45,308
21,103
31,585
51,344
25,459
25,175
23,991
23,435
33,112
33,161
30,116
31,980
22,238
32,730
18,835
28,290
13,315
15,116
29,783
$37,960
42,818
43,805
40,331
43,571
47,008
20,259
26,951
50,336
23,346
23,779
18,720
22,708
31,595
34,215
41,350
30,098
18,229
32,482
17,701
26,603
10,920
15,503
31,141
39.2
41.8
53.0
40.0
555
885
1,192
1,117
454
908
1,159
1,126
2,034
2,160
2,756
2,080
28,754
45,739
61,983
58,083
23,451
46,967
60,246
58,543
40.0
40.5
40.0
39.4
880
833
435
376
903
885
355
340
2,080
2,105
2,030
2,044
45,738
43,321
22,054
19,537
46,967
46,030
18,460
17,680
39.6
41.6
42.2
38.1
37.7
40.0
39.4
40.0
39.2
39.9
40.6
39.7
39.9
29.8
39.6
38.7
473
281
634
329
306
336
455
567
415
466
968
384
462
439
306
419
500
268
638
320
240
300
428
583
363
426
1,241
361
435
382
260
428
2,060
2,164
2,177
1,982
1,961
2,080
2,050
2,080
2,039
2,072
2,109
2,066
2,072
1,530
2,062
2,009
24,585
14,603
32,676
17,094
15,901
17,469
23,686
29,509
21,578
24,217
50,336
19,953
23,986
22,553
15,896
21,737
26,000
13,915
33,176
16,640
12,480
15,600
22,269
30,326
18,866
22,130
64,542
18,777
22,381
19,852
13,520
22,256
1 Earnings are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips.
The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
The median designates
position--one-half of the workers receive the same as or more, and one-half
receive the same as or less than the rate shown.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
Weekly earnings
Annual earnings
Mean
Median
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used
to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified
into one of nine major occupational groups.
4 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a
week, exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere
classified."
19
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA,
March 1998
All workers 4
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$20.72
21.06
$20.01
20.38
$23.62
23.62
$21.64
21.88
$13.34
14.05
White-collar occupations ...................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Level 15 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Level 15 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
24.51
7.00
9.59
11.12
13.57
16.65
19.15
21.92
23.54
28.56
30.10
35.86
40.37
48.04
65.66
94.81
25.58
25.48
8.33
9.91
11.56
13.96
16.71
19.37
21.99
23.47
28.57
29.99
36.00
40.35
47.86
65.66
94.81
25.80
24.40
7.00
9.60
10.76
13.31
16.45
18.01
21.37
22.45
28.01
30.93
36.43
40.33
48.18
65.91
94.81
25.59
25.65
8.33
9.96
11.10
13.76
16.50
18.18
21.42
22.18
28.01
30.81
36.63
40.31
47.99
65.91
94.81
25.93
24.91
–
9.45
14.93
14.85
17.09
23.99
23.11
26.87
29.58
28.11
32.35
40.98
46.50
–
–
25.55
24.92
–
9.45
14.93
14.80
17.09
23.99
23.11
26.87
29.61
28.11
32.35
40.98
46.50
–
–
25.55
25.42
7.70
10.00
11.74
13.74
16.86
19.27
21.83
23.44
28.46
29.80
36.08
40.44
48.07
65.66
94.81
26.41
26.14
9.38
10.15
11.87
14.07
16.93
19.52
21.89
23.34
28.47
29.67
36.24
40.42
47.89
65.66
94.81
26.64
16.44
6.17
8.65
9.55
12.40
14.33
16.91
23.25
24.28
29.61
35.86
21.15
34.24
–
–
–
18.76
18.63
–
9.23
10.48
13.21
14.34
16.92
23.25
24.28
29.61
35.86
21.15
34.24
–
–
–
18.95
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
29.95
31.70
20.05
23.73
27.21
25.69
30.05
29.30
35.79
38.91
46.59
52.80
26.89
33.44
21.06
25.01
22.92
29.41
31.89
35.35
39.94
42.13
52.86
35.94
27.76
27.75
33.55
30.19
32.14
21.01
18.17
24.27
23.57
29.49
29.05
37.06
38.60
46.52
52.80
25.19
33.67
21.06
23.92
22.92
29.36
35.25
34.97
39.94
42.16
52.86
36.70
27.95
27.75
33.59
29.38
30.79
–
38.18
31.14
28.79
30.74
29.74
30.01
–
47.16
–
27.95
30.92
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.42
–
–
–
30.38
32.21
22.73
24.69
27.91
26.06
30.12
28.62
35.91
39.02
46.62
52.80
26.60
33.46
21.06
25.01
22.92
29.41
32.07
35.35
39.94
42.13
52.86
35.94
27.76
27.75
33.55
26.08
27.15
–
17.63
23.46
24.16
29.62
35.86
24.99
34.24
–
–
30.60
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Occupational group3 and level
See footnotes at end of table.
20
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA,
March 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
Occupational group3 and level
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Mathematical and computer scientists (-Continued)
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, religious, and recreation workers ..................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Level 15 ............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
21
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$28.40
38.40
38.27
48.62
29.19
27.76
28.19
25.36
27.71
26.09
26.53
35.92
36.79
20.80
21.90
30.57
34.65
49.77
48.68
31.95
18.60
31.48
36.05
27.71
33.20
35.43
24.25
27.34
19.37
18.19
22.30
16.86
20.05
46.70
44.62
$29.24
40.40
38.27
48.62
30.05
27.74
27.67
24.68
29.23
27.27
–
–
44.41
–
–
–
32.71
59.53
43.78
17.77
–
13.96
12.02
14.32
25.09
–
–
29.52
15.26
–
–
–
–
46.79
–
–
–
–
–
–
$27.81
–
–
24.88
–
–
–
32.87
–
–
–
–
–
–
34.20
–
42.26
41.24
29.24
33.82
35.68
26.94
21.92
22.34
–
–
–
25.30
–
–
$28.40
38.40
38.27
48.62
29.19
26.12
27.35
23.83
25.86
22.48
26.53
–
38.40
–
–
34.92
37.14
50.62
50.08
32.82
–
32.68
40.50
28.54
33.16
33.34
26.63
28.24
19.63
–
23.48
–
–
46.70
44.62
–
–
–
–
–
$30.16
29.26
27.38
30.13
–
–
–
27.44
25.60
20.38
–
30.94
–
–
23.61
–
13.05
12.96
21.95
34.63
45.72
–
17.06
17.66
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.03
26.79
23.62
23.09
10.88
15.38
17.81
20.28
19.42
22.43
29.92
24.01
46.30
22.81
33.47
15.61
18.92
20.97
21.17
26.09
31.88
34.60
41.79
47.34
69.82
94.81
27.44
26.60
24.60
23.98
10.88
15.53
18.31
20.11
19.98
22.57
30.01
–
46.30
22.81
34.68
15.25
18.97
21.80
21.00
26.27
33.12
34.16
42.09
47.52
70.55
94.81
–
–
–
18.84
–
13.89
16.39
21.45
18.34
21.77
–
–
–
–
27.41
–
–
18.63
22.19
25.55
27.21
37.76
38.59
–
–
–
27.39
26.60
24.66
23.29
10.81
13.89
18.06
20.31
19.35
21.84
29.94
24.01
46.30
–
33.63
15.59
18.94
20.87
21.14
26.09
31.88
35.03
41.79
47.34
69.82
94.81
20.85
–
16.14
20.89
–
18.53
16.50
19.88
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.14
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA,
March 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Level 15 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Management related occupations ............................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Sales occupations ............................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
$36.61
39.67
22.27
18.45
26.32
34.36
36.04
42.82
47.50
70.01
94.81
38.86
25.37
15.61
19.39
20.50
22.55
25.95
25.40
30.55
36.72
34.93
15.42
6.44
7.61
9.99
11.64
16.27
16.39
20.88
24.27
27.71
33.13
40.93
14.65
8.33
9.93
11.62
13.92
16.49
17.59
19.59
18.60
12.73
$41.40
40.43
22.27
18.35
26.15
35.83
35.64
43.30
47.69
70.78
94.81
39.50
26.23
15.25
19.26
21.53
22.66
26.35
25.10
30.48
36.74
43.57
15.41
6.44
7.61
9.99
11.54
16.27
16.39
20.88
24.27
–
33.13
40.93
14.21
8.33
9.98
11.12
13.69
16.11
17.39
19.68
18.67
13.25
–
$34.33
–
–
26.83
–
38.21
38.63
–
–
–
–
22.31
–
–
18.63
–
24.79
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.22
–
9.45
14.98
14.82
17.08
18.27
19.39
–
–
$36.69
39.83
22.27
18.20
26.32
34.36
36.55
42.82
47.50
70.01
94.81
39.08
25.43
15.59
19.41
20.35
22.69
25.95
25.40
30.77
36.72
34.93
17.47
6.70
–
11.27
12.08
16.43
16.40
20.88
24.27
27.71
33.13
40.93
15.12
9.38
10.18
11.97
14.08
16.69
17.69
19.48
18.60
13.26
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$22.02
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.04
6.19
–
8.33
9.29
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.39
–
9.23
10.45
12.62
13.95
–
–
–
11.22
Blue-collar occupations .........................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
15.19
7.93
10.25
11.48
13.96
16.46
20.53
21.14
26.31
26.84
23.98
18.72
9.83
14.51
16.03
21.45
14.65
7.87
10.08
11.31
13.75
16.02
20.43
20.83
25.88
26.45
19.02
18.08
–
14.13
15.80
21.13
20.63
–
–
13.88
16.77
19.12
21.81
22.80
–
–
–
24.20
–
–
–
–
15.35
7.78
10.46
11.41
13.96
16.60
20.09
21.24
26.31
26.84
23.98
18.68
10.19
14.52
15.83
20.64
12.09
9.04
7.98
13.32
13.97
13.81
–
–
–
–
–
20.32
–
–
–
–
Occupational group3 and level
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA,
March 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
(-Continued)
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
$21.11
26.45
26.84
12.28
8.27
8.00
11.83
12.90
14.89
14.39
15.79
11.34
14.47
14.53
18.39
24.80
22.60
10.85
7.36
10.40
12.03
13.64
16.19
$20.83
25.98
26.45
12.32
8.27
8.00
11.90
12.90
14.89
14.39
15.40
11.34
–
14.40
17.98
25.35
23.15
10.19
7.27
10.24
11.63
13.40
14.99
$22.63
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.36
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.26
–
–
–
–
–
$21.22
26.45
26.84
12.30
8.27
8.04
11.84
12.91
14.89
14.39
16.03
11.38
–
14.54
19.48
24.80
22.60
11.05
7.15
10.81
12.06
13.51
16.48
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$12.32
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.45
8.46
7.38
11.66
–
–
Service occupations ...........................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Protective service occupations ...............................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Food service occupations ........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Health service occupations .....................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations ............
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Personal service occupations .................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
12.66
7.23
8.99
10.78
13.19
17.31
20.61
22.42
23.71
23.20
16.96
8.29
17.45
18.11
25.81
24.41
27.81
27.19
8.73
6.53
7.94
8.49
10.40
11.44
11.69
9.03
11.05
13.06
11.38
7.69
10.23
14.39
11.27
12.58
7.07
8.34
10.00
9.57
7.21
8.92
9.03
11.81
14.97
12.55
14.87
17.81
–
8.95
8.29
–
11.18
–
–
–
–
8.54
6.46
7.88
8.20
10.39
–
10.97
9.03
9.96
12.38
9.46
7.69
10.15
11.57
–
12.11
7.08
7.54
9.76
20.71
–
10.89
15.56
16.34
20.22
25.63
23.62
28.00
27.19
24.27
–
19.32
21.92
26.26
24.51
–
27.19
11.57
–
–
–
–
–
15.83
–
14.04
–
17.41
–
–
16.68
–
14.24
–
–
–
14.14
7.69
9.14
13.13
13.69
18.36
22.24
22.42
23.71
23.20
21.17
–
17.68
19.05
25.81
24.41
27.81
27.19
9.56
7.25
8.04
10.07
9.89
–
11.56
8.79
10.94
13.06
11.69
7.80
10.38
14.54
11.94
14.74
–
–
9.94
8.30
6.18
8.41
8.00
11.05
13.00
–
–
–
–
–
8.29
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.38
5.98
7.64
7.26
–
–
12.28
–
11.43
13.07
7.71
–
–
–
–
9.33
–
9.76
10.03
Occupational group3 and level
See footnotes at end of table.
23
Table B-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and levels2, all industries, private industry,
State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA,
March 1998 — Continued
All workers 4
Occupational group3 and level
Service occupations (-Continued)
Personal service occupations (-Continued)
Level 4 ..............................................................
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an
establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge,
complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to
determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for
more information.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$13.35
$13.75
$12.57
–
$10.15
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
24
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
White-collar occupations:
Professional specialty and technical occupations:
Professional specialty occupations:
Civil engineers ......................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .......................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
Engineers, N.E.C. .................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ....................................
Physicians ............................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Dietitians ...............................................................
Psychology teachers ............................................
Business, commerce and marketing teachers ......
English teachers ...................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. .........................
Level 13 ............................................................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Teachers, N.E.C. ..................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Substitute teachers ...............................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians ..............................................................
Economists ...........................................................
Psychologists ........................................................
Social workers ......................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Designers .............................................................
Technical occupations:
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
See footnotes at end of table.
25
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$35.69
33.84
30.40
39.97
34.46
39.58
30.58
30.64
33.35
29.61
24.90
38.62
41.86
38.96
35.89
27.76
27.83
33.55
28.40
38.61
37.12
48.62
29.54
26.82
28.57
28.24
28.22
28.23
33.69
18.89
27.75
36.89
36.75
35.62
31.79
49.16
18.22
34.45
38.96
29.09
33.59
32.43
31.89
36.21
39.54
34.64
20.59
50.56
12.65
25.01
24.25
29.10
24.90
22.18
18.19
22.69
25.19
46.70
44.62
26.07
–
$33.78
30.40
39.97
34.46
39.58
30.58
30.64
34.22
29.61
29.28
38.62
41.86
38.96
36.69
27.95
27.83
33.59
29.24
40.81
37.12
48.62
29.54
–
29.33
28.24
28.53
29.42
–
–
27.75
36.10
28.18
–
31.27
–
11.45
18.76
–
–
–
20.80
28.32
–
–
18.77
14.60
–
–
16.28
–
29.10
–
–
–
–
–
46.79
–
26.07
$34.17
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.42
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.58
26.80
–
–
25.70
–
–
–
–
–
–
32.00
–
–
34.90
–
29.31
33.80
36.32
32.40
36.90
–
49.03
–
–
12.63
25.92
26.94
–
21.92
23.17
–
–
25.30
–
–
–
$35.69
33.84
30.40
39.97
34.46
39.58
30.58
30.64
33.41
29.61
24.87
38.62
41.86
38.96
35.89
27.76
27.83
33.55
28.40
38.61
37.12
48.62
29.54
25.11
27.33
–
28.31
26.58
–
–
–
–
–
–
34.59
–
18.29
34.20
–
29.15
33.62
32.35
31.66
36.91
39.96
47.05
–
–
–
24.94
26.63
29.10
26.75
23.18
–
–
–
46.70
44.62
26.07
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$29.87
29.24
28.15
30.19
–
–
20.76
28.48
38.56
–
27.28
–
–
42.66
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.87
20.13
–
12.65
–
–
–
–
17.58
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.58
22.40
–
22.62
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
White-collar occupations: (-Continued)
Technical occupations: (-Continued)
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiological technicians .......................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. .......
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ...........................
Drafters .................................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ..............................
Computer programmers .......................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Legal assistants ....................................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations:
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Personnel and labor relations managers ..............
Managers., marketing, advertising and public
relations ..........................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Level 11 ............................................................
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Level 12 ............................................................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 10 ............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Level 13 ............................................................
Level 14 ............................................................
Level 15 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except
construction ....................................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Level 6 ..............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
26
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$15.62
23.51
17.50
18.06
17.91
17.94
20.75
19.12
25.71
20.46
28.34
121.54
29.58
30.45
20.25
19.72
20.83
20.86
–
$23.31
17.74
18.26
17.72
18.42
20.75
19.12
25.71
20.21
28.34
121.54
29.48
30.31
20.93
19.97
–
–
–
–
$17.13
–
–
17.48
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.78
–
–
–
$24.07
17.22
17.90
–
17.28
20.05
19.12
23.48
20.46
28.94
121.54
29.58
30.45
20.25
19.79
–
20.86
–
–
$18.64
18.34
–
20.34
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.75
–
–
31.00
36.45
19.75
26.79
29.80
36.37
33.37
–
36.51
19.75
26.79
29.80
36.59
33.65
31.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.00
36.62
18.92
26.79
29.80
36.37
33.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
41.16
41.92
52.80
33.80
33.67
33.91
38.06
21.94
45.22
24.08
25.70
35.61
36.47
42.85
47.44
74.67
98.08
43.30
23.99
20.70
17.90
27.47
26.50
22.50
26.43
29.67
41.16
41.92
52.80
21.72
–
32.79
–
21.50
45.24
24.08
25.70
36.46
36.86
42.85
47.44
75.52
98.08
43.30
23.88
20.70
17.22
28.02
26.76
–
26.43
28.77
–
–
–
39.72
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
41.16
41.92
52.80
33.95
33.67
33.91
38.06
22.83
45.22
24.08
25.70
35.61
36.47
42.85
47.44
74.67
98.08
43.30
24.05
20.82
17.90
27.47
26.50
22.50
26.43
29.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30.49
25.21
25.73
26.37
27.62
32.07
25.21
–
26.37
–
–
–
–
–
27.62
31.47
–
25.73
26.37
27.62
–
–
–
–
–
22.64
23.74
20.20
–
25.80
20.37
–
18.44
–
22.64
23.78
20.28
–
–
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
White-collar occupations: (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations:
(-Continued)
Management related occupations, N.E.C.
(-Continued)
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Level 9 ..............................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Level 12 ............................................................
Sales occupations:
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Level 8 ..............................................................
Securities and financial services sales
occupations ....................................................
Advertising and related sales occupations ...........
Sales occupations, other business services .........
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, apparel .........................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Sales workers, furniture & home furnishings ........
Level 3 ..............................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Sales support occupations, N.E.C. .......................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical:
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and
adjusting clerks ...............................................
Computer operators ..............................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Stenographers ......................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Information clerks, N.E.C. .....................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping ....
Level 6 ..............................................................
Library clerks ........................................................
File clerks .............................................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Level 4 ..............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
27
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$20.39
21.80
26.50
32.48
37.75
$22.29
25.67
27.71
32.48
37.75
–
–
–
–
–
$20.41
21.80
26.50
33.63
37.75
–
–
–
–
–
20.03
9.84
12.65
17.76
20.20
20.03
9.84
12.65
17.76
20.20
–
–
–
–
–
20.04
9.84
12.65
17.76
20.20
–
–
–
–
–
16.55
26.35
15.00
16.55
26.35
15.00
–
–
–
16.83
27.05
15.00
–
–
–
31.19
9.89
–
9.08
8.66
10.28
10.60
9.93
19.00
10.59
6.87
10.51
12.56
16.46
31.19
9.89
–
9.08
8.66
10.19
10.60
9.63
19.00
10.54
6.87
10.51
12.36
16.46
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.19
12.46
11.47
–
–
11.37
10.85
11.27
–
11.56
–
–
12.83
20.01
19.98
23.62
19.51
23.62
–
–
19.98
23.62
19.05
18.20
17.06
14.48
17.12
19.10
20.26
19.51
14.23
10.11
14.25
10.66
9.99
10.38
14.88
13.52
10.31
15.29
18.46
20.04
13.95
10.49
13.07
15.67
14.96
13.92
–
18.22
17.01
14.20
16.98
19.04
20.49
–
14.26
10.11
14.25
10.66
9.99
10.38
14.88
13.56
10.30
15.29
18.20
–
–
10.44
12.71
16.08
14.51
13.78
–
–
$17.33
16.15
17.37
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.20
–
14.87
–
16.74
–
19.05
18.26
17.11
14.61
17.14
19.11
19.97
–
15.40
10.11
14.20
10.71
9.97
10.53
15.56
14.57
–
15.21
18.46
20.04
15.04
10.55
13.08
16.08
15.05
13.89
–
$7.54
–
7.79
–
7.58
–
8.25
–
8.97
6.57
9.29
–
7.94
–
–
–
–
16.04
13.12
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.40
10.29
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.66
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
White-collar occupations: (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations, including clerical:
(-Continued)
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks
(-Continued)
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, N.E.C. ..................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ..
Investigators and adjusters except insurance ......
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .............................
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 6 ..............................................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
Level 4 ..............................................................
Level 5 ..............................................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Professional occupations, N.E.C. .........................
Blue-collar occupations:
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations:
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Level 7 ..............................................................
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Electricians ...........................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Supervisors, production occupations ....................
Machinists .............................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..
Level 5 ..............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
28
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$16.02
17.31
18.74
15.06
18.56
20.50
15.72
14.31
10.32
15.62
12.31
11.03
13.65
–
$17.44
17.76
14.34
15.67
–
15.72
14.31
10.32
15.62
12.06
10.86
13.38
$16.25
–
–
–
21.52
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$16.02
17.31
18.74
15.06
18.50
20.52
15.72
14.63
–
15.62
12.41
11.04
13.67
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.76
14.39
15.99
14.17
18.00
15.61
13.81
9.69
14.12
13.62
16.35
15.73
9.52
9.39
12.34
12.53
11.99
8.37
12.04
11.54
15.24
14.74
15.95
19.27
12.73
26.35
16.78
13.86
15.99
13.79
–
–
13.24
9.74
13.80
13.53
16.65
–
9.52
9.39
12.38
12.53
–
–
–
–
14.54
14.16
15.97
–
–
26.12
–
–
–
–
19.42
–
14.61
–
14.57
13.75
16.09
–
–
–
–
–
12.05
8.39
12.03
11.72
17.49
–
–
–
–
–
17.38
15.37
15.99
14.68
18.00
15.61
14.58
–
15.50
13.90
16.46
15.58
10.01
–
12.53
12.56
–
–
–
–
15.58
14.90
15.95
19.27
–
26.12
–
–
–
–
–
–
$10.50
9.04
11.15
11.93
–
–
9.02
9.13
–
–
11.99
8.37
12.04
11.54
11.54
–
–
–
–
–
24.55
22.22
22.88
19.22
21.31
20.91
21.21
23.47
–
–
19.22
21.31
20.49
20.77
24.55
22.22
22.88
19.22
21.31
20.91
21.21
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.53
20.01
21.43
23.87
19.15
22.65
21.78
10.07
11.92
17.28
19.08
20.61
25.92
–
22.65
21.78
10.07
11.92
17.54
20.01
21.43
23.87
19.20
22.65
21.78
10.15
11.92
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.68
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
Blue-collar occupations: (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations:
(-Continued)
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors:
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Assemblers ...........................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
Transportation and material moving occupations:
Truck drivers .........................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers:
Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm .......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Level 3 ..............................................................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Service occupations:
Protective service occupations:
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Level 7 ..............................................................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement
officers ............................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Level 2 ..............................................................
Food service occupations:
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Health service occupations:
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
See footnotes at end of table.
29
All industries
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$15.18
24.68
$15.18
–
–
–
$15.18
24.68
–
–
12.17
12.03
12.57
11.53
12.03
13.40
11.20
12.17
12.03
12.57
11.53
12.03
13.40
11.20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.17
12.03
12.57
11.53
12.03
13.40
11.27
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.63
15.59
15.84
14.94
15.56
15.56
15.59
15.82
–
15.56
–
–
–
–
–
15.64
15.72
15.92
17.08
15.56
–
–
–
–
–
15.74
9.27
6.83
8.11
9.51
13.07
13.69
6.64
7.83
7.62
7.96
14.30
9.86
18.77
–
9.27
6.83
8.11
9.51
13.07
13.69
6.64
7.83
7.62
7.96
13.56
9.38
–
$18.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.74
9.62
–
–
9.51
13.60
13.71
6.64
7.88
–
–
14.49
9.86
–
–
$8.79
6.83
–
–
10.73
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.70
22.49
27.92
27.40
–
–
–
–
–
22.49
27.92
27.40
–
22.49
27.92
27.40
–
–
–
–
21.99
20.58
8.85
8.29
–
–
8.68
8.29
21.99
20.58
–
–
21.99
20.58
10.86
–
–
–
–
–
11.94
6.39
6.53
13.72
11.03
8.55
9.47
8.32
6.85
7.57
6.90
11.94
6.39
6.53
13.57
11.00
8.14
–
8.32
6.85
7.20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.50
–
11.94
6.75
–
15.01
10.51
8.62
–
8.11
7.32
8.40
7.77
–
6.07
–
–
–
8.45
–
–
–
6.85
–
14.08
11.63
16.71
10.84
12.91
10.80
15.14
10.36
18.21
–
–
14.29
14.19
–
16.95
10.59
13.48
–
–
11.93
Table B-2. Mean hourly earnings1 for selected occupations and levels2, all industries, private
industry, State and local government, full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San
Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
All workers4
Occupation3 and level
Service occupations: (-Continued)
Health service occupations: (-Continued)
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants
(-Continued)
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations:
Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Level 1 ..............................................................
Level 2 ..............................................................
Level 3 ..............................................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
Personal service occupations:
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Baggage porters and bellhops ..............................
Welfare service aides ...........................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ....................
Child care workers, N.E.C. ...................................
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................
Level 4 ..............................................................
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 Each occupation for which wage data are collected in an
establishment is evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge,
complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s ranking within each factor. The points are summed to
determine the overall level of the occupation. See technical note for
more information.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
All industries
State and
local
government
Full-time
workers
Part-time
workers
$8.66
9.73
11.75
–
–
–
–
$10.76
11.83
–
$11.35
12.66
23.86
9.61
7.95
9.12
11.22
7.62
10.43
15.42
11.15
–
9.24
7.95
9.12
9.39
7.62
10.34
12.35
–
–
–
–
–
$16.34
–
–
16.79
–
23.86
9.66
7.98
9.22
11.58
7.75
10.58
15.66
11.85
–
–
–
–
7.71
–
–
–
–
8.70
8.03
6.52
9.71
12.96
10.54
13.12
–
8.03
–
–
–
9.64
–
9.54
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.71
–
–
–
10.82
–
9.19
–
6.52
10.64
10.65
9.44
–
All industries
Private
industry
$8.66
10.90
12.00
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
4 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
30
Table C-1. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and selected characteristics, all industries, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Occupational group2
Full-time
workers3
Part-time
workers3
Union4
Nonunion4
Time5
Incentive5
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$21.64
21.88
$13.34
14.05
$21.14
21.28
$20.51
20.95
$20.78
21.11
$18.84
18.32
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
25.42
26.14
16.44
18.63
24.03
24.45
24.68
25.86
24.60
25.47
21.41
26.30
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support including clerical occupations ......
30.38
32.21
23.29
33.63
17.47
15.12
26.08
27.15
20.89
21.14
8.04
11.39
30.47
31.57
25.51
23.70
14.28
16.17
29.69
31.77
22.02
34.72
15.57
14.00
29.97
31.72
23.09
33.32
14.34
14.66
–
–
–
42.11
19.52
13.04
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
15.35
18.68
12.30
16.03
11.05
12.09
20.32
–
12.32
9.45
19.55
22.02
16.74
20.02
14.77
11.68
15.11
10.73
10.71
8.27
15.14
19.07
12.29
15.18
10.85
16.05
14.01
–
22.13
–
Service occupations ...........................................................
14.14
8.30
16.64
8.98
12.72
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through
collective bargaining.
5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary;
incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on
productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not
elsewhere classified."
31
Table C-2. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and industry division, private industry, all workers2, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Goods-producing industries4
Occupational group3
All private
industries
Total
Mining
$24.55 $26.37
24.50 26.42
Construction
Total
TransWholeportsale
ation
and
and
retail
public
trade
utilities
Finance,
insurance,
and
real
estate
Services
All occupations ...........................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ................................................
$20.01
20.38
White-collar occupations .......................................................
White-collar excluding sales .................................................
24.40
25.65
30.42
30.57
27.42
27.48
–
–
30.42
30.54
21.95
23.37
24.62
24.51
17.32
21.62
22.14
22.34
23.60
23.91
Professional specialty and technical occupations ................
Professional specialty occupations ...................................
Technical occupations ......................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .......
Sales occupations ................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical occupations .........
30.19
32.14
23.98
34.68
15.41
14.21
31.08
33.69
20.46
39.08
26.74
16.20
–
–
–
30.16
–
16.94
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.01
33.64
20.28
39.25
27.43
16.13
29.64
31.08
25.62
31.75
14.25
13.76
39.63
27.23
72.04
31.19
–
15.80
29.20
30.04
–
29.01
13.85
14.25
28.41
31.69
20.04
33.60
16.44
14.01
29.12
31.37
23.01
31.65
14.29
13.02
Blue-collar occupations .........................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..............
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..................
Transportation and material moving occupations .................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .........
14.65
18.08
12.32
15.40
10.19
15.73
19.44
12.88
18.18
11.36
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.10
18.77
12.78
16.30
10.59
13.76
16.87
–
14.92
9.77
16.10
20.77
–
13.37
12.57
14.25
17.98
–
13.76
10.70
11.54
–
–
–
–
11.29
–
–
–
7.73
Service occupations ...............................................................
9.57
12.41
–
–
12.41
9.49
–
8.46
8.11
9.44
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as
working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each
establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be
considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
–
–
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries5
$24.66 $18.09 $19.68 $15.07 $20.73 $18.57
24.60 18.51 19.56 15.68 20.87 18.66
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
all workers in the civilian economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of nine
major occupational groups.
4 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing.
5 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale
and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria. Overall occupational groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
32
Table C-3. Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group and establishment employment size, private
industry, all workers2, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
100 workers or more
All private
industry
workers
50 - 99
workers
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
$20.01
20.38
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
Occupational group3
Total
100 - 499
workers
500
workers or
more
$16.82
17.06
$20.74
21.10
$17.50
17.81
$24.12
24.30
24.40
25.65
20.73
22.12
25.21
26.35
21.78
23.37
27.97
28.40
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support, including clerical occupations .....
30.19
32.14
23.98
34.68
15.41
14.21
27.46
29.17
20.46
28.93
15.06
14.11
30.54
32.53
24.33
36.09
15.56
14.23
27.70
30.29
21.88
33.80
14.68
13.77
32.21
33.69
26.50
37.38
18.50
14.67
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
14.65
18.08
12.32
15.40
10.19
13.49
17.89
11.14
12.86
8.85
14.88
18.11
12.59
16.24
10.39
14.40
19.66
11.84
14.19
9.76
15.56
16.59
13.37
21.84
12.05
Service occupations ...........................................................
9.57
7.88
10.14
8.67
13.32
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees
are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time
schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
Individual occupations are classified into one of nine major
occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups and
occupational levels may include data for categories not shown
separately. N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
33
Table C-4. Number of workers1 represented by occupational group, San
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
All workers
Occupational group2
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local government
All occupations ....................................................................... 1,647,581
All occupations excluding sales ............................................ 1,539,920
1,283,835
1,176,527
363,747
363,393
White-collar occupations ................................................... 1,047,105
White-collar excluding sales .............................................
939,444
781,529
674,222
265,577
265,223
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Sales occupations ............................................................
Administrative support including clerical occupations ......
417,985
341,131
76,854
189,025
107,661
332,434
268,370
204,982
63,389
156,042
107,307
249,809
149,615
136,149
13,466
32,983
–
82,624
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....
340,069
136,544
63,357
55,028
85,139
309,505
122,329
62,208
47,935
77,033
30,564
14,216
–
7,093
8,106
Service occupations ...........................................................
260,407
192,801
67,606
1 Both full-time and part-time workers were included in
the survey. Employees are classified as working either a
full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition
used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time
in another establishment, where a 40-hour week is the
minimum full-time schedule.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian
economy. Individual occupations are classified into one of
nine major occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational
groups and occupational levels may include data for
categories not shown separately. N.E.C. means "not
elsewhere classified."
34
Appendix A. Technical Note
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The reference month for the
public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of
industries within the private sector, sampling frames were
developed using the most recent month of reference
available at the time the sample was selected. The
reference month for the private sector is December 1994.
The sampling frame was reviewed prior to the survey and,
when necessary, missing establishments were added, outof-business and out-of-scope establishments were
removed, and addresses, employment levels, industry
classification, and other information were updated.
This section provides basic information on the
procedures and concepts used to produce the data
contained in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts:
Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing
and analyzing the data. While this section answers some
questions commonly asked by data users, it is not a
comprehensive description of all the steps required to
produce the data.
Planning for the survey
The overall design of the survey, which was based on
the type of data to be produced, had to be developed before
data collection could begin. Establishments are selected for
the sample and used in subsequent years until the sample is
replenished. Panels of units beginning in 2000 will replace
the current sample. Establishments provide individual
wage data at initiation, and in subsequent years the
establishments update these wages. In addition, sampled
establishments and quotes that were refusals are re-initiated
and useable wage data are included with the updated
estimates.
Sample design
The sample for this survey area was selected using a
two stage stratified design with probability proportional to
employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of
sample selection was a probability sample of establishments. The sample of establishments was drawn by
first stratifying the sampling frame by industry and
ownership.
The number of sample establishments
allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to
the stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is
selected within a stratum with a probability proportional to
its employment. Use of this technique means that the
larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its
chance of selection. Weights were applied to each
establishment when the data were tabulated so that it
represents similar units (by industry and employment size)
in the economy which were not selected for collection. See
appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the survey
by employment size.
The second stage of sample
selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of
occupations within a sampled establishment.
Survey scope
This survey of the San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose,
CA, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area covered
establishments employing 50 workers or more in goodsproducing
industries
(mining,
construction
and
manufacturing); service-producing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary
services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services industries); and State and local
governments. Agriculture, private households, and the
Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the
survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment was
an economic unit which produces goods or services, a
central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing
support services to a company. For private industries in
this survey, the establishment was usually at a single
physical location. For State and local governments, an
establishment was defined as all locations of a government
entity.
The San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, CMSA
includes Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, Santa
Clara, Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano, and
Sonomo Counties.
Data collection
The collection of data from survey respondents required
detailed procedures. For the initial data collection, field
economists, working out of the Regional Office, visited
each establishment surveyed. The field economists through mail, phone, or personal visit - completed update
collection, which involved obtaining current pay data.
The following procedures are used for schedules
initiated for the first time or reinitiated during an update.
Sampling frame
The list of establishments from which the survey
sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from
the State unemployment insurance reports for the San
Occupational selection and classification
Identification of the occupations for which wage data
were to be collected was a multi-step process:
35
x Service occupations
1. Probability-proportional-to-size
selection
of
establishment jobs.
2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the
Census of Population system.
3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time,
union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive.
4. Determination of the level of work of each job.
A complete list of all individual occupations, classified
by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in
appendix B.
In step three, certain other job characteristics of the
chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was
identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job,
based on the establishment’s definition of those terms.
Then the worker was classified as having a time versus
incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was
directly based on the actual production of the worker,
rather than solely on hours worked. Finally, the worker
was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job.
See the “Definition of Terms” section on the following
page for more detail.
For each occupation, wage data were collected for those
workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three
steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for
which a correct classification or level could not be
determined.
In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at
each establishment by the BLS field economist during a
personal visit. A complete list of employees was used for
sampling, with each selected worker representing a job
within the establishment.
As with the selection of establishments, the selection of
a job was based on probability proportional to its size in
the establishment. The greater the number of people
working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance
of selection.
The number of jobs collected in each establishment was
based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in
the following schedule:
Number of employees
50-99
100-249
250-999
1000-2,499
2,500+
Generic leveling through point factor analysis
In the last step before wage data were collected, the
work level of each selected job was determined using a
“generic leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and
compares all occupations randomly selected in an
establishment using the same criteria. This is a major
departure from the method used in the past in the Bureau’s
Occupational Compensation Surveys which studied
specifically defined occupations with leveling definitions
unique to each occupation.
For this survey, the level of each occupation in an
establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10
leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the
U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s
Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying
structure for evaluation of General Schedule Federal
employees. The tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts
to account for the effect of supervisory duties. It is
considered experimental. The 10 factors are:
Number of selected jobs
8
10
12
16
20
The second step of the process entailed classifying the
selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The
National Compensation Survey occupational classification
system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A
selected job may fall into any one of about 480
occupational classifications, from accountant to wood lathe
operator. In cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or
more census classification codes, the duties used to set the
wage level were used to classify the job. Classification by
primary duties was the fallback.
Each occupational classification is an element of a
broader classification known as a major occupational group
(MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following
MOG’s:
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Knowledge
Supervision received
Guidelines
Complexity
Scope and effect
Personal contacts
Purpose of contacts
Physical demands
Work environment
Supervisory duties
Each factor contains a number of levels and each level
has an associated written description and point value. The
number and range of points differ among the factors. For
each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on
which written description best matched the job. Within
each occupation, the points for 9 factors (supervisory
duties was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total
determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix
table 3 presents average work levels for published
occupational groups and selected occupations.
A
Professional specialty and technical
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Sales
Administrative support including clerical
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
36
x
description of the levels for each factor is shown in
appendix C.
Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the
survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar
General Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels
are shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a
leveled job and a guide to help data users evaluate jobs in
their firm.
Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new
generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS
researchers using regression techniques. For each of the
major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10
generic level factors (and levels within those factors). The
analysis showed that several of the generic level factors,
most notably knowledge and supervision received, had
strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels
within a given factor increased, the wages also increased.
Detailed research continues in the area. The results of this
research will be published by BLS in the future.
x
In order to calculate earnings for various time periods
(hourly, weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were
also collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours
worked per day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were
recorded. Annual weeks worked were determined.
Because salaried workers, exempt from overtime
provisions, often work beyond the assigned work schedule,
their typical number of hours actually worked was
collected.
Definition of terms
Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer
considers to be full time.
Collection period
The survey was collected from January 1998 through
June 1998. The average payroll reference month was
March 1998. For each establishment in the survey, the
data reflect the establishment’s practices on the day of
collection.
Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,
at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production
bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.
Level.
A ranking of an occupation based on the
requirements of the position. (See the description in the
technical note and the example for more details on the
leveling process.)
Earnings
Earnings were defined as regular payments from the
employer to the employee as compensation for straighttime hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The
following components were included as part of earnings:
x
x
x
x
x
Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not
meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below).
Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer
considers to be part-time.
Incentive pay, including commissions, production
bonuses, and piece rates
Cost-of-living allowances
Hazard pay
Payments of income deferred due to participation
in a salary reduction plan
Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to
transportation workers returning in a vehicle
without freight or passengers
Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for
the job.
Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are
tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level
of production.
Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation
when all of the following conditions are met:
The following forms of payments were not considered
part of straight-time earnings:
x
x
x
x
x
Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses
given by manufacturers to department store
salespeople, referral incentives in real estate)
On-call pay
x
Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for
working a schedule that varies from the norm, such
as night or weekend work
Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends
Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g.,
Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses)
Uniform and tool allowances
Free room and board
x
x
37
A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining
agent for all workers in the occupation.
Wage and salary rates are determined through
collective bargaining or negotiations.
Settlement terms, which must include earnings
provisions and may include benefit provisions, are
embodied in a signed mutually binding collective
bargaining agreement.
all establishments within the scope of the study and not the
number actually surveyed.
Because occupational
structures among establishments differ, estimates of the
number of workers obtained from the sample of
establishments serve only to indicate the relative
importance of the occupational groups studied.
Processing and analyzing the data
Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s
National Office following collection.
Weighting and nonresponse
Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the
relative size of the occupation within the establishment and
of the establishment within the sample universe. Weights
were used to aggregate the individual establishment/occupations into the various data series. Of the
establishments surveyed, 24.3 percent (representing
425,537 employees) refused to supply information. If data
were not provided by a sample member, the weights of
responding sample members in the same or similar “cells”
were adjusted to account for the missing data. This
technique assumes that the mean value of the
nonrespondents equals the mean value of the respondents
at some detailed “cell” level.
Responding and
nonresponding establishments were classified into these
cells according to industry and employment size.
Responding and nonresponding occupations within
responding establishments were classified into cells which
were additionally defined by major occupation group and
job level.
Establishments which were determined to be out of
business or outside the scope of the survey (6.3 percent of
the total sample) had their weights changed to zero. If only
partial data were given by a sample establishment or
occupation, or data were missing, the response was treated
as a refusal.
Data reliability
The data in this bulletin are estimates from a
scientifically selected probability sample. There are two
types of errors possible in an estimate based on a sample
survey, sampling and nonsampling.
Sampling errors occur because observations come only
from a sample and not from an entire population. The
sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible
samples of the same size that could have been selected
using the sample design. Estimates derived from the
different samples would differ from each other.
A measure of the variation among these differing
estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It
indicates the precision with which an estimate from a
particular sample approximates the average result of all
possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the
standard error divided by the estimate. Appendix table 2
contains RSE data for selected series in this bulletin. RSE
data for all series in this bulletin are available on the
Internet web site and by request to the BLS National
Office.
The standard error can be used to calculate a
“confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an
example, suppose table A-1 shows that mean hourly
earnings for all workers was $12.79 per hour, and appendix
table 2 shows a relative standard error of 3.6 percent for
this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence
interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 ($12.79 plus
and minus 1.645 times 3.6 percent times $12.79). If all
possible samples were selected to estimate the population
value, the interval from each sample would include the true
population value approximately 90 percent of the time.
Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They
can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain
information for some establishments, difficulties with
survey definitions, inability of the respondents to provide
correct information, or mistakes in recording or coding the
data obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in
all survey areas will be used in the development of a
formal quality assessment process to help compute
nonsampling error. Although they were not specifically
measured, the nonsampling errors were expected to be
minimal due to the extensive training of the field
economists who gathered the survey data by personal visit,
computer edits of the data, and detailed data review.
Estimation
The wage series in the tables are computed by
combining the wages for individual establishment
/occupations. Before being combined, individual wage
rates are weighted by: number of workers; the sample
weight adjusted for nonresponding establishments and
other factors; and the occupation work schedule, varying
depending on whether hourly, weekly, or annual rates are
being calculated. The respondent has the option of giving
mean data instead of individual wages in the years
following the initiation.
In 1998, the publication criteria were changed to allow
more data to publish. Not all series that were calculated
met the criteria for publication. Before any series was
published, it was reviewed to make sure that the number of
observations underlying it was sufficient. This review
prevented publishing a series that could have revealed
information about a specific establishment.
The number of workers estimates represent the total in
38
39
Appendix table 1. Number of establishments studied by industry division and establishment employment size,
and number of establishments represented, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
Number of establishments studied
Industry
All industries .........................................................
Private industry .................................................
Goods-producing industries ..........................
Mining .......................................................
Construction .............................................
Manufacturing ...........................................
Service-producing industries ........................
Tranportation and public utilities ...............
Wholesale and retail trade ........................
Finance, insurance and real estate ..........
Services ....................................................
State and local government ..............................
Number of
establishments represented
100 workers or more
Total studied
8,082
7,812
1,512
6
356
1,150
6,299
530
2,444
610
2,715
271
424
370
88
6
11
71
282
30
67
28
157
54
50 - 99
workers
110
109
14
–
5
9
95
9
28
6
52
1
Total
314
261
74
6
6
62
187
21
39
22
105
53
100 - 499
workers
160
152
34
4
6
24
118
10
34
11
63
8
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
39
500 workers
or more
154
109
40
2
–
38
69
11
5
11
42
45
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998
(in percent)
Occupation3
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
All occupations .......................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ............................................
2.2
2.2
2.7
2.8
2.0
2.0
White-collar occupations ...................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales .........................
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
Professional specialty and technical occupations ............
Professional specialty occupations ...............................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Civil engineers ......................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .......................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
Engineers, N.E.C. .................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
Natural scientists ......................................................
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ....................................
Health related occupations .......................................
Physicians ............................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Dietitians ...............................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Psychology teachers ............................................
Business, commerce and marketing teachers ......
English teachers ...................................................
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. .........................
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Teachers, N.E.C. ..................................................
Substitute teachers ...............................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Economists ...........................................................
Psychologists ........................................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, N.E.C. ..........................................
Designers .............................................................
Professional occupations, N.E.C. .........................
Technical occupations ..................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiological technicians .......................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. .......
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. ...........................
Drafters .................................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ..............................
Computer programmers .......................................
Legal assistants ....................................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ..........
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations ...
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
2.0
2.1
2.2
4.4
3.9
8.4
7.1
4.0
4.8
5.0
6.8
11.2
2.8
17.9
2.0
8.1
7.2
17.1
14.0
16.9
13.0
5.6
25.6
6.2
11.1
4.2
12.2
5.5
11.7
9.9
9.9
7.6
10.6
9.2
9.5
6.3
5.5
5.5
2.5
2.6
2.1
–
3.9
8.4
7.1
3.1
4.8
5.0
7.1
11.2
3.1
–
2.1
–
11.5
17.1
21.6
17.6
14.3
10.0
6.7
8.7
17.0
–
14.5
–
8.9
–
–
8.6
10.6
–
16.4
–
6.0
6.0
3.2
3.4
11.9
9.4
–
–
–
–
1.5
1.5
–
–
5.6
23.1
3.6
–
4.9
–
–
–
17.2
5.6
–
6.3
9.7
3.7
13.3
5.6
12.5
6.4
6.4
8.9
–
8.9
5.6
6.0
–
–
9.2
9.1
11.7
4.6
4.7
5.8
3.8
2.1
4.6
4.7
4.1
14.6
14.2
10.1
7.6
3.4
3.1
3.5
8.6
5.6
9.7
9.1
13.3
5.2
4.9
–
4.1
2.3
8.7
4.7
4.5
14.6
14.2
10.4
9.0
4.1
3.4
3.8
–
5.6
–
–
–
3.0
–
–
–
3.8
3.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.1
5.1
6.8
8.6
–
See footnotes at end of table.
40
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
(in percent)
Occupation3
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Executives, administrators, and managers
(-Continued)
Personnel and labor relations managers ..............
Managers., marketing, advertising and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .............
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ..................
Management related occupations ............................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except
construction ....................................................
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ............
Sales occupations ............................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ............................
Securities and financial services sales
occupations ....................................................
Advertising and related sales occupations ...........
Sales occupations, other business services .........
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, apparel .........................................
Sales workers, furniture & home furnishings ........
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
Sales support occupations, N.E.C. .......................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .....
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and
adjusting clerks ...............................................
Computer operators ..............................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Stenographers ......................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Hotel clerks ...........................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .......
Receptionists ........................................................
Information clerks, N.E.C. .....................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping ....
Library clerks ........................................................
File clerks .............................................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. .........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Dispatchers ...........................................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, N.E.C. ..................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ..
Investigators and adjusters except insurance ......
See footnotes at end of table.
41
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
8.3
8.4
–
6.6
7.8
9.2
10.0
5.3
3.8
3.6
6.2
6.5
6.6
7.3
12.9
10.6
5.4
4.5
4.0
6.4
7.3
–
4.4
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
16.5
4.4
6.6
20.2
4.4
–
–
–
6.6
13.5
4.8
6.3
15.4
–
5.0
6.3
15.5
–
6.6
–
–
19.4
8.8
15.9
19.4
8.8
15.9
–
–
–
9.5
15.5
9.1
9.7
7.1
17.5
1.9
4.7
6.4
9.5
15.5
9.1
9.8
7.1
17.5
2.2
9.1
6.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.2
–
–
7.4
3.4
2.7
11.4
8.7
7.9
22.9
2.6
7.6
5.1
4.4
6.1
7.5
13.2
3.6
5.9
6.4
10.8
10.0
5.0
–
3.7
3.2
–
12.3
7.9
22.9
2.6
7.6
5.2
4.9
–
7.7
15.3
4.2
5.9
10.3
10.8
10.0
5.3
–
–
4.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.7
–
5.5
4.6
–
3.0
–
–
–
9.4
7.6
5.5
10.5
7.6
6.0
–
–
–
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
(in percent)
Occupation3
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Administrative support occupations, including clerical
(-Continued)
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .............................
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. .........
Blue-collar occupations .....................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ..........
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .......................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ..........................
Electricians ...........................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ..................................
Supervisors, production occupations ....................
Machinists .............................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ..
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. ...........
Assemblers ...........................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
Transportation and material moving occupations .............
Truck drivers .........................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm .......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .......
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. ...................
Service occupations ...........................................................
Protective service occupations .................................
Supervisors, guards ..............................................
Firefighting occupations ........................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement
officers ............................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police except public service ..............
Food service occupations .........................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service
occupations ....................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. .................
Health service occupations .......................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service occupations ..............
See footnotes at end of table.
42
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
10.0
8.6
3.5
3.0
5.1
5.6
4.4
–
–
5.4
3.0
5.6
–
5.1
9.5
–
2.7
–
–
5.6
4.1
4.3
6.2
6.9
4.9
8.8
3.4
4.6
6.8
8.2
–
8.8
3.1
4.3
4.2
–
–
–
–
5.6
5.2
12.8
7.3
8.5
4.9
4.9
14.2
2.6
5.9
6.8
11.3
7.9
10.4
10.8
13.9
14.8
7.1
12.5
5.1
9.7
13.1
3.9
8.6
5.9
5.5
12.1
–
8.5
4.9
4.9
14.2
–
6.0
6.8
11.3
7.9
12.1
11.3
–
14.8
7.3
–
5.1
9.7
13.1
3.9
10.4
–
6.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.3
–
–
–
4.5
8.7
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
14.1
22.1
6.8
3.9
3.6
8.3
–
–
–
3.8
3.2
–
6.8
3.9
8.7
2.0
8.4
5.2
–
–
7.8
5.6
8.7
2.0
–
8.5
8.0
6.9
11.7
7.5
10.8
8.3
3.4
7.1
3.8
7.2
8.0
6.9
12.7
7.0
10.8
8.8
3.1
5.9
3.7
5.8
–
–
–
–
–
2.3
9.1
11.6
10.7
7.6
Appendix table 2. Relative standard errors of mean hourly earnings1 for selected
occupations, all industries, private industry, and State and local government, all
workers2, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March 1998 — Continued
(in percent)
Occupation3
Service occupations (-Continued)
Cleaning and building service occupations
(-Continued)
Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service occupations ...................................
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ..
Baggage porters and bellhops ..............................
Welfare service aides ...........................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ....................
Child care workers, N.E.C. ...................................
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ................................
1 The relative standard error is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. Hourly
earnings for these occupations are presented in Tables
A-1 and A-2. Reliable relative standard errors could
not be determined for all occupations.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time
workers. Employees are classified as working either a
full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition
used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with
a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified
as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
All industries
Private
industry
State and
local
government
17.8
7.9
8.0
10.7
7.1
7.6
7.3
11.4
23.1
8.2
–
7.6
7.1
12.8
–
7.6
–
–
–
8.2
–
–
6.2
16.2
8.4
–
–
–
–
–
the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480
individual occupations is used to cover all workers in
the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall
occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately.
N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
43
Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers,
full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March
1998
All
Full-time Part-time
workers workers workers
Occupation1
All occupations .................................................................................
All occupations excluding sales ......................................................
6
6
6
7
4
5
White-collar occupations .............................................................
White-collar occupations excluding sales ...................................
7
8
8
8
5
6
Professional specialty and technical occupations ......................
Professional specialty occupations .........................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .................................
Civil engineers ................................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .................................
Industrial engineers ........................................................
Mechanical engineers .....................................................
Engineers, N.E.C. ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............................
Computer systems analysts and scientists .....................
Natural scientists ................................................................
Physical scientists, N.E.C. ..............................................
Health related occupations .................................................
Physicians ......................................................................
Registered nurses ..........................................................
Dietitians .........................................................................
Teachers, college and university ........................................
Psychology teachers ......................................................
Business, commerce and marketing teachers ................
English teachers .............................................................
Teachers, post secondary N.E.C. ...................................
Teachers, except college and university ............................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..................................
Elementary school teachers ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ............................................
Teachers, special education ...........................................
Teachers, N.E.C. ............................................................
Substitute teachers .........................................................
Vocational and educational counselors ..........................
Librarians, archivists, and curators .....................................
Librarians ........................................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ..................................
Economists .....................................................................
Psychologists ..................................................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ............................
Social workers ................................................................
Lawyers and judges ............................................................
Lawyers ..........................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and professionals,
N.E.C. ...........................................................................
Designers .......................................................................
Professional occupations, N.E.C. ...................................
Technical occupations ............................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians ...........
Health record technologists and technicians ..................
Radiological technicians .................................................
Licensed practical nurses ...............................................
Health technologists and technicians, N.E.C. .................
Electrical and electronic technicians ...............................
Engineering technicians, N.E.C. .....................................
Drafters ...........................................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ........................................
Computer programmers .................................................
Legal assistants ..............................................................
Technical and related occupations, N.E.C. ....................
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations .............
Executives, administrators, and managers .........................
Administrators and officials, public administration ..........
Financial managers ........................................................
Personnel and labor relations managers ........................
Managers., marketing, advertising and public relations
Administrators, education and related fields ...................
Managers, medicine and health .....................................
9
9
10
11
10
10
10
11
10
10
11
11
9
11
9
8
10
11
11
9
11
8
7
8
8
9
8
7
9
9
9
10
10
9
9
9
12
12
9
10
10
11
10
10
10
11
10
10
11
11
9
11
9
–
11
–
–
–
11
8
7
8
8
9
8
–
10
9
9
10
10
10
9
10
12
12
8
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–
8
–
10
11
10
9
10
7
–
8
–
–
7
7
–
–
–
6
–
–
9
9
–
–
9
8
9
7
8
5
6
6
6
7
7
8
11
9
6
7
10
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
9
8
9
7
8
–
7
7
6
7
7
8
11
9
6
7
10
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
9
–
–
6
–
–
–
5
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
44
Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers,
full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March
1998 — Continued
All
Full-time Part-time
workers workers workers
Occupation1
White-collar occupations (-Continued)
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations
(-Continued)
Executives, administrators, and managers (-Continued)
Managers, service organizations, N.E.C. .......................
Managers and administrators, N.E.C. ............................
Management related occupations ......................................
Accountants and auditors ...............................................
Other financial officers ....................................................
Management analysts ....................................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ........
Purchasing agents and buyers, N.E.C. ..........................
Construction inspectors ..................................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction
Management related occupations, N.E.C. ......................
Sales occupations ......................................................................
Supervisors, sales occupations ......................................
Securities and financial services sales occupations .......
Advertising and related sales occupations .....................
Sales occupations, other business services ...................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and
wholesale ..................................................................
Sales workers, apparel ...................................................
Sales workers, furniture & home furnishings ..................
Sales workers, other commodities ..................................
Cashiers .........................................................................
Sales support occupations, N.E.C. .................................
Administrative support occupations, including clerical ...............
Supervisors, general office .............................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ......................
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting
clerks ........................................................................
Computer operators ........................................................
Secretaries .....................................................................
Stenographers ................................................................
Typists ............................................................................
Hotel clerks .....................................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents .................
Receptionists ..................................................................
Information clerks, N.E.C. ...............................................
Order clerks ....................................................................
Personnel clerks except payroll & timekeeping ..............
Library clerks ..................................................................
File clerks .......................................................................
Records clerks, N.E.C. ...................................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ................
Billing clerks ....................................................................
Dispatchers .....................................................................
Production coordinators ..................................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks .............................
Stock and inventory clerks ..............................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution clerks,
N.E.C. .......................................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, & investigators ............
Investigators and adjusters except insurance ................
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .......................................
Bill and account collectors ..............................................
General office clerks .......................................................
Bank tellers .....................................................................
Data entry keyers ...........................................................
Teachers’ aides ..............................................................
Administrative support occupations, N.E.C. ...................
Blue-collar occupations ...............................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations ....................
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers ...........................
Automobile mechanics ...................................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .................
See footnotes at end of table.
45
10
12
8
8
9
10
8
9
7
9
8
5
7
6
7
5
10
12
8
8
9
10
9
9
7
9
8
6
7
7
7
5
–
–
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
10
3
3
4
3
5
4
7
8
10
4
–
4
3
6
5
7
8
–
2
3
3
3
2
3
–
–
6
6
5
5
4
4
5
3
5
4
5
3
3
4
5
4
5
6
4
4
6
6
5
–
5
4
5
3
5
5
5
4
2
4
5
4
5
6
4
4
–
–
5
–
–
–
5
3
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
6
5
6
5
4
3
3
4
5
5
6
5
6
5
4
3
3
–
5
–
–
–
–
–
3
3
–
4
5
4
6
7
7
7
5
6
7
7
7
3
5
–
–
–
Appendix table 3. Average work levels for selected occupations, all workers,
full-time and part-time workers, San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA, March
1998 — Continued
All
Full-time Part-time
workers workers workers
Occupation1
Blue-collar occupations (-Continued)
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations
(-Continued)
Industrial machinery repairers ........................................
Electronic repairers, communications and industrial
equipment .................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, N.E.C. ....................................
Electricians .....................................................................
Construction trades, N.E.C. ............................................
Supervisors, production occupations ..............................
Machinists .......................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ............
Inspectors, testers, and graders .....................................
Stationary engineers .......................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................
Miscellaneous machine operators, N.E.C. .....................
Assemblers .....................................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ............
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................
Truck drivers ...................................................................
Bus drivers ......................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ............
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................
Groundskeepers and gardeners except farm .................
Stock handlers and baggers ...........................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, N.E.C. .................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ......................
Hand packers and packagers .........................................
Laborers except construction, N.E.C. .............................
Service occupations .....................................................................
Protective service occupations ...........................................
Supervisors, guards ........................................................
Firefighting occupations ..................................................
Police and detectives, public service ..............................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ......
Correctional institution officers .......................................
Guards and police except public service ........................
Food service occupations ...................................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations
Waiters and waitresses ..................................................
Cooks .............................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................................
Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................................
Food preparation occupations, N.E.C. ...........................
Health service occupations .................................................
Health aides, except nursing ..........................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .........................
Cleaning and building service occupations ........................
Supervisors, cleaning & building service workers ..........
Maids and housemen .....................................................
Janitors and cleaners .....................................................
Personal service occupations .............................................
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ............
Baggage porters and bellhops ........................................
Welfare service aides .....................................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ..............................
Child care workers, N.E.C. .............................................
Service occupations, N.E.C.. ..........................................
1 A classification system including about 480
individual occupations is used to cover all workers in
the civilian economy. Individual occupations are
classified into one of nine major occupational groups.
The occupations titled authors, musicians, actors,
painters, photographers, dancers, artists, athletes, and
legislators cannot be assigned a work level.
7
7
–
6
7
7
6
8
7
4
5
7
4
4
3
4
4
3
5
4
3
4
2
3
2
2
3
6
7
7
6
8
7
4
5
7
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
3
3
2
2
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
–
–
–
2
–
2
2
–
–
–
3
5
6
5
7
6
7
3
3
6
3
5
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
7
2
2
4
3
3
3
3
5
3
4
6
–
5
7
6
7
3
4
6
5
6
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
7
2
2
4
–
2
–
–
–
2
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2
–
3
–
3
–
2
3
4
3
2
–
–
2
4
3
–
3
3
5
3
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall
occupational groups and occupational levels may
include data for categories not shown separately.
N.E.C. means "not elsewhere classified."
46