Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI
National Compensation Survey
July 1998
______________________________________________________________________________________
U.S. Department of Labor
Alexis M. Herman, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
October 1999
Bulletin 3095-78
Preface
D
2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175, Washington,
DC 20212-0001, or call (202) 606-6199, or send e-mail to
[email protected].
The data contained in this bulletin are also available at
https://www.bls.gov/ocs/#data , the BLS Internet site.
Data are in three formats: An ASCII file containing the
published table formats; an ASCII file containing positional
columns of data for manipulation as a data base or spreadsheet; and a Portable Document Format (PDF) file containing the entire bulletin.
Results of earlier surveys of this area are also available
from BLS regional offices, the Division of Compensation
Data Analysis and Planning, or at the BLS Internet site.
Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)
606-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.
ata shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been
conducted without the cooperation of the many private
firms and government jurisdictions that provided pay data
included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation.
Field economists of the Bureau of Labor Statistics collected and reviewed the survey data. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the
Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology
and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and prepared the
survey for publication.
For additional information regarding this survey, please
contact any BLS regional office at the address and telephone number listed on the back cover of this bulletin.
You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning,
iii
Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................
1
Tables:
1-1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by selected worker and establishment
characteristics, private industry, and State and local government ................................................
2-1. Mean hourly earnings: Selected occupations, all workers, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
2-2. Mean hourly earnings: Selected occupations, full-time workers, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
2-3. Mean hourly earnings: Selected occupations, part-time workers, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
3-1. Mean weekly earnings and hours: Selected occupations, full-time workers, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
3-2. Mean annual earnings and hours: Selected occupations, full-time workers, private industry,
and State and local government ....................................................................................................
4-1. Selected occupations and levels, all workers: Mean hourly earnings, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
4-2. Selected occupations and levels, full-time workers: Mean hourly earnings, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
4-3. Selected occupations and levels, part-time workers: Mean hourly earnings, private industry,
and State and local government ......................................................................................... ...........
5-1. Selected worker characteristics: Mean hourly earnings by occupational group ............................
5-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings by occupational group, private industry .............
5-3. Establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings by occupational group, private industry.
2
3
7
10
12
17
22
31
39
42
43
44
Appendixes:
A. Technical Note.................................................................................................................................
Appendix table 1. Number of workers represented by the survey, by occupational group............
Appendix table 2. Number of establishments studied and represented..........................................
B. Occupational Classifications............................................................................................................
C. Generic Leveling Criteria.................................................................................................................
D. Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs ...........................................................................................................
E. A Guide for Users of Prior BLS Wage Surveys...............................................................................
v
A-1
A-5
A-6
B-1
C-1
D-1
E-1
Introduction
T
establishment characteristics. The worker characteristics
include major occupational group, full-time or part-time
status, union or nonunion status, and time or incentive pay.
Establishment characteristics include goods and service
producing (within private industry) and size of establishment.
Table 2-1 presents estimates of mean hourly earnings,
and the relative standard errors associated with them, for
detailed occupations within all industries, private industry,
and State and local government. Data are not shown for
any occupations if they would raise concerns about the confidentiality of the survey respondents or if the data are insufficient to support reliable estimates. Table 2-2 presents
the same type of information only for full-time workers.
Table 2-3 provides similar data for workers designated as
part-time.
Table 3-1 presents mean weekly earnings data, with
relative standard errors, and weekly hours for full-time employees in specific occupations across all industries, private
industry, and State and local government. The mean hours
reflect hours employees are scheduled to work, excluding
overtime hours. Table 3-2 provides annual earnings, relative standard error, and annual hours for full-time employees in specific occupations.
Table 4-1 presents mean hourly earnings data by work
level for occupational groups and for detailed occupations.
Separate data are also shown for private industry and government workers. Table 4-2 provides work level data for
full-time workers. Table 4-3 provides similar data for
workers designated as part-time.
Table 5-1 presents mean hourly earnings data for selected worker characteristics by major occupational groups.
The worker characteristics include full-time or part-time
designation, union or nonunion status, and time or incentive
pay. Table 5-2 presents mean hourly earnings data for
major industry divisions by occupational groups; these estimates are limited to the private sector. Table 5-3 presents
mean hourly earnings data for establishment employment
sizes by major occupational groups; these estimates are
also limited to the private sector.
Appendix table 1 provides the employment scope of
this survey. The occupation employment estimates relate
to all employers in the area, rather than just those surveyed.
Appendix table 2 presents the number of establishments
studied by industry group and employment size.
he tables in this bulletin summarize the NCS results for
the Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, metropolitan area.
Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in
a variety of occupations and at different work levels. Also
contained in this bulletin are information on the program, a
technical note describing survey procedures, and several
appendixes with detailed information on occupational classifications and the generic leveling methodology.
NCS products
The Bureau’s National Compensation Survey provides data
on the occupational wages and employee benefits for localities, broad geographic regions, and the Nation as a
whole. The Employment Cost Index, a quarterly measure
of the change in employer costs for wages and benefits, will
be derived from the NCS. Another product, Employer
Costs for Employee Compensation, measures employers’
average hourly costs for total compensation, that is, wages
and benefits. Still another NCS product measures the incidence of benefit plans and their provisions. This bulletin is
limited to data on occupational wages and salaries.
Ongoing changes
The NCS is implementing changes to its sample design and
timing of data collection and publication. Because of these
ongoing changes, it is not possible to produce median
wages and other wage percentiles for this area publication.
Estimates describing the distribution of wages by occupation will be published for the next survey of this area in the
late spring of 2000.
About the tables
The tables that follow present data on straight-time occupational earnings, which include wages and salaries, incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. These
earnings exclude premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. About 480 detailed occupations are used to describe all occupations in
the civilian nonfarm economy (excluding the Federal Government and private households), as explained in Appendix
A. The table footnotes include information on survey concepts and definitions.
Table 1-1 presents an overview of all tables in this bulletin. Mean hourly earnings, weekly hours, and relative
standard errors are given for all industries, private industry,
and State and local government for selected worker and
1
Table 1-1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by selected characteristics, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Private industry
Hourly earnings
State and local government
Hourly earnings
Worker and establishment characteristics
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
Hourly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
$18.59
1.9
36.5
$18.05
2.1
36.8
$21.41
3.4
35.1
22.27
26.97
30.15
15.34
13.15
16.59
20.53
2.3
2.3
4.2
7.2
2.4
2.0
1.8
36.8
35.9
40.3
33.3
37.9
38.1
40.1
21.58
25.68
30.59
15.35
13.14
16.64
20.65
2.7
2.5
4.7
7.2
2.9
2.2
1.9
37.3
36.8
40.6
33.4
38.1
38.2
40.1
25.05
30.27
27.04
–
13.18
15.73
19.01
4.2
5.0
5.4
–
2.5
4.6
4.4
35.0
33.7
38.4
–
37.1
37.0
39.9
15.55
15.74
3.2
4.6
39.8
34.6
15.55
16.28
3.2
5.2
39.8
34.9
–
13.23
–
3.3
–
33.1
10.62
9.99
3.8
3.4
32.5
32.3
10.42
8.31
4.1
2.9
32.0
31.6
12.95
14.51
6.8
3.3
39.2
34.3
Full time ..................................................................
Part time .................................................................
19.50
10.13
1.9
5.0
39.8
20.8
18.98
9.81
2.2
5.6
40.1
21.3
22.15
12.35
3.5
8.3
38.1
17.8
Union ......................................................................
Nonunion ................................................................
19.21
18.22
2.2
2.7
37.5
36.0
18.01
18.07
2.5
2.9
38.3
36.2
21.97
20.04
3.8
8.5
35.8
33.4
Time ........................................................................
Incentive .................................................................
18.67
16.69
1.9
7.0
36.5
37.0
18.12
16.69
2.2
7.0
36.8
37.0
21.41
–
3.4
–
35.1
–
Goods producing ....................................................
Service producing ...................................................
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
21.74
–
2.9
–
39.9
–
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
50-99 workers .........................................................
100-499 workers .....................................................
500 workers or more ...............................................
14.70
16.35
20.88
6.6
4.1
2.2
35.1
36.8
36.7
14.70
16.01
20.66
6.6
4.4
2.5
35.1
37.0
37.3
–
20.67
21.55
–
6.8
3.9
–
35.1
35.1
Total ...........................................................................
Worker characteristics:4
White-collar occupations5 .......................................
Professional specialty and technical ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .........
Sales ...................................................................
Administrative support ........................................
Blue-collar occupations5 .........................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ................
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ...................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers,
and laborers ......................................................
Service occupations5 ..............................................
Establishment characteristics:
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours.
2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based
on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are
determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on
hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially
based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-producing
industries applies to private industry only.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
2
Table 2-1. Mean hourly earnings1, all workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government,
National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$18.59
18.79
1.9
1.9
$18.05
18.26
2.1
2.2
$21.41
21.41
3.4
3.4
White collar .........................................................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
22.27
23.16
2.3
2.3
21.58
22.61
2.7
2.7
25.05
25.06
4.2
4.2
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
Operations and systems researchers and
analysts ..........................................................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
Physicians ............................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Dietitians ...............................................................
Physical therapists ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Engineering teachers ............................................
Health specialities teachers ..................................
Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. .........................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
Technical ......................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiologic technicians ..........................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Mechanical engineering technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .............................
Drafters .................................................................
Chemical technicians ............................................
Computer programmers .......................................
Technical and related, n.e.c. ................................
26.97
29.31
30.65
28.05
31.20
31.42
28.02
28.05
2.3
2.4
3.6
1.9
11.9
2.7
5.0
6.4
25.68
27.91
30.65
28.05
31.20
31.42
28.03
28.06
2.5
2.7
3.6
1.9
11.9
2.7
5.0
6.4
30.27
32.21
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
4.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
28.16
20.77
22.99
31.02
22.02
15.79
24.01
38.01
61.84
32.86
46.59
29.40
35.53
33.77
36.16
38.58
40.98
33.84
23.96
29.04
29.04
18.45
22.56
22.75
48.27
48.27
7.2
18.8
2.8
18.2
1.9
8.9
7.9
13.9
7.3
10.0
14.5
18.3
4.5
10.2
4.7
5.1
2.9
22.6
28.5
22.2
22.2
21.9
13.9
13.9
17.3
17.3
28.16
29.25
22.85
31.28
22.00
–
–
37.26
–
–
46.59
–
19.37
–
–
20.95
–
–
14.48
–
–
–
15.01
–
–
–
7.2
11.2
2.9
20.9
2.0
–
–
6.8
–
–
14.5
–
7.5
–
–
9.8
–
–
10.4
–
–
–
10.9
–
–
–
–
–
24.32
–
22.24
–
–
38.11
–
–
–
28.92
36.06
34.35
36.43
39.94
40.98
34.12
–
29.59
29.59
–
24.08
24.33
–
–
–
–
8.9
–
4.1
–
–
15.8
–
–
–
20.3
4.6
10.2
4.7
4.9
2.9
22.4
–
21.9
21.9
–
14.7
14.7
–
–
31.64
19.34
15.39
14.66
17.37
14.98
13.18
21.22
21.86
24.04
22.87
19.51
28.25
19.48
6.6
3.3
15.8
12.5
6.7
1.6
4.1
4.5
6.9
5.2
12.5
3.9
1.7
7.3
31.33
20.03
19.04
–
17.33
15.00
13.02
21.22
21.86
24.07
22.87
19.51
28.25
21.88
7.6
3.1
3.2
–
6.9
1.7
4.1
4.5
6.9
5.3
12.5
3.9
1.7
7.2
–
14.96
–
–
–
14.81
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.34
–
10.3
–
–
–
5.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.5
30.15
34.08
29.98
36.06
4.2
6.0
6.0
13.8
30.59
34.24
–
36.57
4.7
6.6
–
14.0
27.04
32.59
29.98
–
5.4
6.4
6.0
–
41.86
40.83
28.66
7.4
12.4
13.0
41.86
20.12
29.04
7.4
10.2
14.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
See footnotes at end of table.
3
Table 2-1. Mean hourly earnings1, all workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government,
National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
$14.05
37.45
24.66
22.10
30.19
21.93
13.7
7.6
3.0
4.9
15.2
13.0
$14.05
37.58
25.13
22.09
32.47
21.43
13.7
7.6
3.5
5.0
15.6
13.6
–
–
$22.19
–
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
–
23.89
27.22
21.39
24.63
9.5
9.2
2.6
6.1
24.22
27.34
–
24.85
11.3
9.3
–
7.0
–
–
21.39
–
–
–
2.6
–
Sales ................................................................................
Supervisors, sales ................................................
Advertising and related sales ...............................
Sales, other business services .............................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ....
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
15.34
19.15
20.18
19.14
7.2
13.9
13.4
14.3
15.35
19.15
20.18
19.14
7.2
13.9
13.4
14.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.70
12.56
10.63
7.75
12.9
20.9
10.6
4.0
23.70
12.56
10.63
7.76
12.9
20.9
10.6
4.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Computer operators ..............................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Interviewers ..........................................................
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Library clerks ........................................................
Records clerks, n.e.c. ...........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .............................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Telephone operators ............................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, n.e.c. ...................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and
investigators ...................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .....
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
13.15
18.26
19.55
17.97
14.84
9.73
10.16
9.84
12.03
14.64
11.04
10.78
11.33
12.78
10.94
11.18
19.69
12.10
10.21
2.4
6.5
10.8
10.9
5.1
6.9
6.0
6.9
7.0
6.2
11.9
11.7
5.5
8.7
4.5
12.5
12.2
10.0
9.0
13.14
18.39
19.55
18.76
15.58
10.42
–
9.85
12.03
12.75
–
9.61
10.92
12.78
10.68
11.18
19.69
12.10
10.21
2.9
8.4
10.8
12.8
6.4
8.7
–
6.9
7.0
7.0
–
12.7
5.5
8.7
4.6
12.5
12.2
10.0
9.0
13.18
–
–
–
13.60
–
–
–
–
–
9.90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.5
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.53
12.1
15.53
12.1
–
–
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.41
10.13
8.54
10.93
13.26
2.9
11.0
8.1
3.7
3.7
12.9
4.9
5.4
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.77
10.13
–
–
12.96
2.9
11.0
8.1
6.4
3.7
–
–
6.7
–
–
–
12.04
–
–
10.97
14.36
–
–
–
3.1
–
–
4.9
5.7
Blue collar ...........................................................................
16.59
2.0
16.64
2.2
15.73
4.6
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
20.53
22.09
18.27
15.93
1.8
9.1
7.4
7.6
20.65
22.19
–
–
1.9
9.6
–
–
19.01
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued
Executives, administrators, and managers
–Continued
Managers, food servicing and lodging
establishments ................................................
Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................
Management related .................................................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related, n.e.c. ..................................
See footnotes at end of table.
4
Table 2-1. Mean hourly earnings1, all workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government,
National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued
Heavy equipment mechanics ...............................
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Millwrights .............................................................
Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ...........................
Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ...............
Electricians ...........................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................
Supervisors, production ........................................
Tool and die makers .............................................
Tool and die maker apprentices ...........................
Machinists .............................................................
Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners .....
Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ....................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
$20.89
20.34
22.70
19.82
24.61
23.55
24.13
16.46
20.45
22.48
16.76
20.32
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
19.40
5.0
4.9
1.7
3.5
6.9
1.5
3.8
8.2
7.4
3.2
10.1
3.8
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
2.5
$21.64
20.34
22.70
19.89
26.12
23.33
24.12
–
20.45
22.48
16.76
20.32
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
–
4.9
4.9
1.7
3.6
9.3
1.4
3.9
–
7.4
3.2
10.1
3.8
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
Punching and stamping press operators ..............
Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................
Textile sewing machine operators ........................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
Packaging and filling machine operators ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .............
Welders and cutters ..............................................
Assemblers ...........................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
15.55
15.98
20.58
12.14
7.83
10.51
12.45
17.41
16.73
15.10
3.2
12.7
1.4
29.7
4.7
10.4
6.8
7.9
4.5
10.7
15.55
15.98
20.58
12.14
7.42
10.51
12.45
17.41
16.73
15.10
3.2
12.7
1.4
29.7
.7
10.4
6.8
7.9
4.5
10.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
Truck drivers .........................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Crane and tower operators ...................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
15.74
15.38
12.91
18.70
15.77
4.6
5.9
11.9
5.2
6.8
16.28
16.00
–
18.70
15.77
5.2
6.3
–
5.2
6.8
$13.23
–
12.94
–
–
3.3
–
3.6
–
–
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. .........
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................
10.62
12.85
9.24
11.03
11.36
9.46
13.17
3.8
8.6
6.7
5.7
9.6
6.8
11.1
10.42
–
9.24
11.03
11.36
9.46
12.91
4.1
–
6.7
5.7
9.6
6.8
12.6
12.95
12.85
–
–
–
–
–
6.8
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
Protective service .....................................................
Firefighting ............................................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Crossing guards ...................................................
Guards and police, except public service .............
Protective service, n.e.c. ......................................
Food service .............................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related ......................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
Health service ...........................................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
9.99
13.35
15.71
19.26
16.35
7.05
7.29
13.30
7.17
7.28
3.96
8.66
5.93
8.82
6.91
8.87
10.34
8.54
3.4
9.2
2.3
2.5
3.8
5.8
7.3
9.7
4.6
7.7
14.9
5.3
12.4
4.4
5.3
3.0
2.2
2.8
8.31
7.28
–
–
–
–
7.27
–
7.05
7.28
3.96
8.45
5.93
8.76
6.76
8.77
10.21
8.47
2.9
6.9
–
–
–
–
7.3
–
4.8
7.7
14.9
5.4
12.4
4.4
5.2
3.0
2.5
2.8
14.51
17.69
15.71
19.26
16.35
7.05
–
13.30
9.16
–
–
–
–
–
8.25
11.62
–
12.02
3.3
2.1
2.3
2.5
3.8
5.8
–
9.7
10.0
–
–
–
–
–
10.9
5.3
–
9.8
Blue collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
5
Table 2-1. Mean hourly earnings1, all workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local government,
National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Service –Continued
Cleaning and building service ...................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service .......................................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ....................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
Service, n.e.c. .......................................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
$11.36
7.17
11.82
8.63
7.45
9.85
8.69
4.2
2.7
4.4
5.7
13.8
9.9
6.7
$10.83
7.10
11.35
7.45
–
–
8.43
5.3
2.7
5.9
4.0
–
–
11.5
$12.79
–
12.83
9.96
–
10.09
–
4.5
–
4.6
8.0
–
10.1
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used
to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
6
Table 2-2. Mean hourly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$19.50
19.58
1.9
1.9
$18.98
19.05
2.2
2.2
$22.15
22.15
3.5
3.5
White collar .........................................................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
23.06
23.60
2.3
2.3
22.41
23.02
2.7
2.7
25.59
25.59
4.3
4.3
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
Operations and systems researchers and
analysts ..........................................................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
Physicians ............................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Engineering teachers ............................................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Social workers ......................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
Technical ......................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiologic technicians ..........................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Mechanical engineering technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .............................
Drafters .................................................................
Chemical technicians ............................................
Computer programmers .......................................
Technical and related, n.e.c. ................................
27.51
29.93
30.65
28.05
31.20
31.42
28.09
28.05
2.4
2.5
3.6
1.9
11.9
2.7
4.9
6.4
26.03
28.26
30.65
28.05
31.20
31.42
28.10
28.06
2.5
2.7
3.6
1.9
11.9
2.7
4.9
6.4
31.25
33.34
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
4.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
28.34
20.90
22.68
27.04
22.12
40.89
61.96
47.39
37.06
34.49
37.49
38.60
40.98
24.10
32.43
32.43
18.15
23.25
23.25
48.27
48.27
7.0
19.1
3.2
18.3
2.4
14.1
7.1
5.2
4.2
10.8
3.6
5.1
2.9
28.9
18.6
18.6
22.2
13.9
13.9
17.3
17.3
28.34
29.37
22.37
26.46
22.02
38.81
–
–
20.36
–
–
20.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.0
11.3
3.3
21.0
2.6
7.4
–
–
7.8
–
–
10.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.07
–
23.01
41.18
–
–
37.58
34.49
37.77
39.94
40.98
–
33.33
33.33
–
24.47
24.47
–
–
–
–
9.6
–
4.9
16.0
–
–
4.3
10.8
3.7
4.9
2.9
–
17.4
17.4
–
14.9
14.9
–
–
31.89
19.72
15.20
14.26
17.60
14.78
13.11
21.22
21.86
24.04
25.23
19.51
28.25
19.67
6.4
3.2
16.6
12.9
7.4
1.9
4.7
4.5
6.9
5.2
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.3
31.60
20.46
19.01
–
17.56
14.71
12.91
21.22
21.86
24.07
25.23
19.51
28.25
21.90
7.5
2.9
3.5
–
7.6
2.0
4.8
4.5
6.9
5.3
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.2
–
15.03
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.62
–
10.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.5
30.15
34.10
29.98
36.06
4.2
6.0
6.0
13.8
30.60
34.24
–
36.57
4.7
6.6
–
14.0
27.01
32.78
29.98
–
5.5
6.4
6.0
–
41.86
40.83
28.66
7.4
12.4
13.0
41.86
20.12
29.04
7.4
10.2
14.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.05
37.45
24.62
22.06
30.19
13.7
7.6
3.0
5.0
15.2
14.05
37.58
25.13
22.06
32.47
13.7
7.6
3.5
5.1
15.6
–
–
21.92
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Managers, food servicing and lodging
establishments ................................................
Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................
Management related .................................................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
7
Table 2-2. Mean hourly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
$21.43
13.6
$21.43
13.6
–
–
23.89
27.22
21.39
24.63
9.5
9.2
2.6
6.1
24.22
27.34
–
24.85
11.3
9.3
–
7.0
–
–
$21.39
–
–
–
2.6
–
Sales ................................................................................
Supervisors, sales ................................................
Sales, other business services .............................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
17.88
19.15
19.14
7.2
13.9
14.3
17.88
19.15
19.14
7.2
13.9
14.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.70
12.85
8.65
12.9
11.5
6.0
23.70
12.85
8.65
12.9
11.5
6.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Computer operators ..............................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Receptionists ........................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, n.e.c. ...........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .............................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
Telephone operators ............................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, n.e.c. ...................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and
investigators ...................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .....
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
13.36
18.26
19.55
17.97
14.88
9.73
9.87
12.22
14.64
10.78
11.66
14.19
10.97
11.24
19.69
12.10
10.21
2.5
6.5
10.8
10.9
5.1
6.9
7.4
6.7
6.2
12.1
5.7
3.8
4.7
12.5
12.2
10.2
9.0
13.36
18.39
19.55
18.76
15.65
10.42
9.87
12.22
12.75
9.62
11.24
14.19
10.70
11.24
19.69
12.10
10.21
3.0
8.4
10.8
12.8
6.4
8.7
7.4
6.7
7.0
12.7
5.8
3.8
4.8
12.5
12.2
10.2
9.0
13.37
–
–
–
13.62
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.77
11.6
15.77
11.6
–
–
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.61
10.62
10.81
13.55
2.9
11.0
8.1
3.8
1.9
5.6
5.5
13.69
12.08
12.30
13.06
10.62
–
13.08
2.9
11.0
8.1
6.5
1.9
–
6.8
–
–
–
12.15
–
10.85
–
–
–
–
3.1
–
5.6
–
Blue collar ...........................................................................
17.07
2.0
17.14
2.1
16.00
4.8
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Heavy equipment mechanics ...............................
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
Millwrights .............................................................
Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ...........................
Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ...............
Electricians ...........................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................
Supervisors, production ........................................
Tool and die makers .............................................
Tool and die maker apprentices ...........................
Machinists .............................................................
20.54
22.09
18.27
15.93
20.89
20.34
22.70
19.82
24.61
23.55
24.13
16.46
20.45
22.48
16.76
20.32
1.8
9.1
7.4
7.6
5.0
4.9
1.7
3.5
6.9
1.5
3.8
8.2
7.4
3.2
10.1
3.8
20.66
22.19
–
–
21.64
20.34
22.70
19.89
26.12
23.33
24.12
–
20.45
22.48
16.76
20.32
1.9
9.6
–
–
4.9
4.9
1.7
3.6
9.3
1.4
3.9
–
7.4
3.2
10.1
3.8
19.01
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued
Management related –Continued
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related, n.e.c. ..................................
See footnotes at end of table.
8
Table 2-2. Mean hourly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued
Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners .....
Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ....................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
$22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
$22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
Punching and stamping press operators ..............
Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................
Textile sewing machine operators ........................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
Packaging and filling machine operators ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .............
Welders and cutters ..............................................
Assemblers ...........................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
15.71
15.98
20.58
12.14
7.87
10.51
12.45
17.41
17.17
15.10
3.1
12.7
1.4
29.7
4.9
10.4
6.8
7.9
4.0
10.7
15.71
15.98
20.58
12.14
7.45
10.51
12.45
17.41
17.17
15.10
3.1
12.7
1.4
29.7
1.1
10.4
6.8
7.9
4.0
10.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
Truck drivers .........................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
Crane and tower operators ...................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
16.81
15.63
12.45
18.70
15.77
4.0
6.0
4.9
5.2
6.8
17.55
16.14
–
18.70
15.77
4.2
6.4
–
5.2
6.8
$13.41
–
12.91
–
–
3.8
–
4.2
–
–
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. .........
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................
11.62
13.27
12.06
10.88
11.57
9.62
13.17
3.9
10.8
7.1
6.3
9.0
7.0
11.1
11.46
–
12.06
10.88
11.57
9.62
12.91
4.2
–
7.1
6.3
9.0
7.0
12.6
13.13
13.27
–
–
–
–
–
7.7
10.8
–
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
Protective service .....................................................
Firefighting ............................................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police, except public service .............
Food service .............................................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
Health service ...........................................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service ...................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service .......................................................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
11.06
13.91
15.71
19.41
16.35
7.22
8.42
9.19
7.64
8.82
10.39
8.40
11.81
7.36
12.25
9.68
11.35
3.7
9.2
2.3
2.5
3.8
7.8
7.3
3.6
10.9
3.1
2.2
2.7
3.8
2.9
3.7
8.2
10.3
9.02
7.22
–
–
–
7.21
8.31
9.00
7.52
8.70
10.28
8.31
11.37
–
11.90
–
–
3.4
7.3
–
–
–
7.8
7.6
3.3
11.2
3.1
2.4
2.6
4.9
–
5.0
–
–
15.49
18.09
15.71
19.41
16.35
–
10.88
–
–
11.80
–
–
12.91
–
12.95
11.14
11.91
3.4
2.2
2.3
2.5
3.8
–
5.4
–
–
5.6
–
–
4.8
–
4.9
8.9
10.5
Blue collar –Continued
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used
to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
9
Table 2-3. Mean hourly earnings1, part-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation3
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$10.13
10.59
5.0
5.6
$9.81
10.28
5.6
6.4
$12.35
12.37
8.3
8.3
White collar .........................................................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
13.63
16.67
5.4
5.3
13.23
16.78
6.1
6.4
16.17
16.23
7.5
7.4
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
Technical ......................................................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
20.63
22.29
–
–
24.04
21.77
23.13
21.61
16.93
18.49
16.58
–
–
13.39
4.9
5.0
–
–
5.7
3.5
5.4
.9
8.6
14.1
13.3
–
–
18.4
21.66
24.09
–
–
24.33
21.96
28.76
–
10.97
–
–
–
–
–
5.9
5.6
–
–
5.8
3.5
17.4
–
10.6
–
–
–
–
–
17.75
18.13
–
–
–
–
22.39
–
17.20
–
16.92
–
–
–
6.9
7.0
–
–
–
–
3.4
–
8.9
–
12.9
–
–
–
26.51
13.94
15.49
13.55
23.3
7.9
2.2
4.6
26.51
13.98
15.74
13.55
23.3
8.8
1.8
4.6
–
13.67
–
–
–
13.5
–
–
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Management related .................................................
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sales ................................................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
7.42
7.26
6.91
4.9
6.5
4.3
7.42
7.26
6.91
4.9
6.5
4.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Library clerks ........................................................
General office clerks .............................................
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
10.68
10.19
7.87
8.61
8.77
10.9
5.2
16.6
8.3
10.6
10.91
–
–
9.02
10.32
11.1
–
–
8.6
9.9
8.61
–
7.87
7.19
–
8.2
–
16.6
5.7
–
Blue collar ...........................................................................
8.32
11.1
8.05
12.2
11.98
7.4
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
Bus drivers ............................................................
10.97
13.34
18.9
21.8
10.69
–
23.2
–
12.39
13.07
7.3
6.0
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
6.75
6.43
3.8
2.4
6.74
6.43
3.9
2.4
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
Protective service .....................................................
Crossing guards ...................................................
Guards and police, except public service .............
Food service .............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
Health service ...........................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
Cleaning and building service ...................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
Personal service .......................................................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
6.79
7.68
7.05
7.62
6.06
3.29
8.47
6.54
9.17
9.16
7.14
7.36
6.90
7.41
3.2
8.0
5.8
10.0
3.4
6.9
5.9
3.4
5.3
5.6
6.9
9.5
3.5
9.2
6.60
7.58
–
7.58
5.91
3.29
8.47
–
9.13
9.17
6.75
6.86
6.54
–
3.5
10.1
–
10.1
3.7
6.9
5.9
–
5.6
5.6
5.1
7.4
2.3
–
See footnotes at end of table.
10
7.94
7.97
7.05
–
8.15
–
–
7.92
–
–
–
–
7.44
7.41
5.4
9.5
5.8
–
12.3
–
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
7.7
9.3
Table 2-3. Mean hourly earnings1, part-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Service –Continued
Personal service –Continued
Service, n.e.c. .......................................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
$7.34
5.7
–
–
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used
to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
11
Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation3
Weekly earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
weekly
hours5
All ...............................................................
All excluding sales ..............................
$776
778
1.8
1.9
39.8
39.7
$762
763
2.1
2.2
40.1
40.1
$845
845
3.2
3.2
38.1
38.1
White collar ...........................................
White collar excluding sales ...........
911
928
2.2
2.2
39.5
39.3
901
922
2.6
2.6
40.2
40.0
949
949
4.0
4.0
37.1
37.1
1,062
1,147
2.2
2.3
38.6
38.3
1,036
1,122
2.4
2.6
39.8
39.7
1,122
1,192
4.7
4.4
35.9
35.7
1,232
1,132
1,261
1,258
3.6
2.1
11.7
2.7
40.2
40.4
40.4
40.0
1,232
1,132
1,261
1,258
3.6
2.1
11.7
2.7
40.2
40.4
40.4
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,126
4.8
40.1
1,127
4.8
40.1
–
–
–
1,127
6.2
40.2
1,128
6.2
40.2
–
–
–
1,133
823
901
1,093
876
1,560
2,432
7.0
19.5
3.1
18.3
2.4
14.2
8.8
40.0
39.4
39.7
40.4
39.6
38.2
39.3
1,133
1,175
892
1,057
877
1,338
–
7.0
11.3
3.3
20.9
2.6
7.0
–
40.0
40.0
39.9
39.9
39.8
34.5
–
–
–
970
–
865
1,595
–
–
–
9.1
–
5.1
16.1
–
–
–
38.7
–
37.6
38.7
–
1,577
2.9
33.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,262
3.4
34.1
777
7.7
38.2
1,275
3.5
33.9
1,180
1,261
1,329
1,350
7.9
3.0
4.3
1.6
34.2
33.6
34.4
32.9
–
–
806
–
–
–
10.0
–
–
–
38.4
–
1,180
1,269
1,365
1,350
7.9
3.0
4.1
1.6
34.2
33.6
34.2
32.9
920
25.7
38.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,191
1,191
15.5
15.5
36.7
36.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,219
1,219
14.5
14.5
36.6
36.6
718
21.6
39.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
877
877
1,928
1,928
11.1
11.1
17.3
17.3
37.7
37.7
39.9
39.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
914
914
–
–
11.8
11.8
–
–
37.3
37.3
–
–
1,216
781
4.3
3.4
38.1
39.6
1,197
819
5.0
2.9
37.9
40.0
–
560
–
11.0
–
37.2
608
16.6
40.0
760
3.5
40.0
–
–
–
565
704
590
12.4
7.4
1.9
39.7
40.0
39.9
–
702
587
–
7.6
2.1
–
40.0
39.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
524
4.7
40.0
516
4.8
40.0
–
–
–
849
4.5
40.0
849
4.5
40.0
–
–
–
874
6.9
40.0
874
6.9
40.0
–
–
–
Professional specialty and
technical ......................................
Professional specialty .....................
Engineers, architects, and
surveyors ..............................
Industrial engineers ................
Mechanical engineers .............
Engineers, n.e.c. .....................
Mathematical and computer
scientists ...............................
Computer systems analysts
and scientists ....................
Operations and systems
researchers and analysts
Natural scientists ........................
Health related .............................
Physicians ..............................
Registered nurses ..................
Teachers, college and university
Engineering teachers ..............
Teachers, post secondary,
subject not specified .........
Teachers, except college and
university ..............................
Prekindergarten and
kindergarten ......................
Elementary school teachers ...
Secondary school teachers ....
Teachers, special education ...
Vocational and educational
counselors ........................
Librarians, archivists, and
curators .................................
Librarians ................................
Social scientists and urban
planners ................................
Social, recreation, and religious
workers .................................
Social workers ........................
Lawyers and judges ....................
Lawyers ..................................
Writers, authors, entertainers,
athletes, and professionals,
n.e.c. .....................................
Technical ........................................
Clinical laboratory
technologists and
technicians ........................
Health record technologists
and technicians .................
Radiologic technicians ............
Licensed practical nurses .......
Health technologists and
technicians, n.e.c. .............
Electrical and electronic
technicians ........................
Mechanical engineering
technicians ........................
See footnotes at end of table.
12
Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
State and local
government
Private industry
Weekly earnings
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
$961
1,009
780
1,130
729
5.2
8.3
3.9
1.7
10.6
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
37.1
$963
1,009
780
1,130
876
5.3
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.2
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
$612
–
–
–
–
15.3
–
–
–
–
34.7
1,219
4.1
40.4
1,243
4.5
40.6
1,059
5.1
39.2
1,390
5.5
40.8
1,404
6.1
41.0
1,272
5.5
38.8
1,181
1,442
5.9
13.6
39.4
40.0
–
1,463
–
13.9
–
40.0
1,181
–
5.9
–
39.4
–
1,728
8.9
41.3
1,728
8.9
41.3
–
–
–
1,519
9.7
37.2
833
10.6
41.4
–
–
–
1,146
13.0
40.0
1,161
14.5
40.0
–
–
–
654
12.9
46.6
654
12.9
46.6
–
–
–
1,515
984
881
1,225
857
7.4
3.1
5.0
15.8
13.6
40.5
40.0
39.9
40.6
40.0
1,521
1,007
881
1,321
857
7.5
3.6
5.1
16.2
13.6
40.5
40.1
39.9
40.7
40.0
–
867
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
–
–
39.5
–
–
–
962
9.6
40.3
977
11.5
40.3
–
–
–
1,087
831
982
9.2
3.4
6.0
39.9
38.8
39.9
1,094
–
991
9.3
–
7.0
40.0
–
39.9
–
831
–
–
3.4
–
–
38.8
–
737
809
766
7.6
18.2
14.3
41.2
42.3
40.0
737
809
766
7.6
18.2
14.3
41.2
42.3
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,011
10.6
42.6
1,011
10.6
42.6
–
–
–
514
345
11.5
5.9
40.0
39.9
514
345
11.5
5.9
40.0
39.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
531
744
2.4
5.9
39.7
40.7
534
753
3.0
7.6
40.0
41.0
520
–
2.4
–
38.9
–
777
703
584
383
392
506
10.9
11.3
5.3
6.9
7.5
6.9
39.7
39.2
39.2
39.4
39.7
41.4
777
748
619
405
392
506
10.9
12.9
6.6
9.5
7.5
6.9
39.7
39.9
39.5
38.9
39.7
41.4
–
–
528
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
38.8
–
–
–
578
460
6.0
7.4
39.5
42.7
508
424
6.9
8.0
39.8
44.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
weekly
hours5
Relative
error4
(percent)
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and
technical –Continued
Technical –Continued
Engineering technicians, n.e.c.
Drafters ...................................
Chemical technicians ..............
Computer programmers .........
Technical and related, n.e.c. ..
Executive, administrative, and
managerial ...................................
Executives, administrators, and
managers ..............................
Administrators and officials,
public administration .........
Financial managers ................
Managers, marketing,
advertising, and public
relations ............................
Administrators, education and
related fields .....................
Managers, medicine and
health ................................
Managers, food servicing and
lodging establishments .....
Managers and administrators,
n.e.c. .................................
Management related ...................
Accountants and auditors .......
Other financial officers ............
Management analysts ............
Personnel, training, and labor
relations specialists ..........
Purchasing agents and
buyers, n.e.c. ....................
Construction inspectors ..........
Management related, n.e.c. ....
Sales ..................................................
Supervisors, sales ..................
Sales, other business services
Sales representatives, mining,
manufacturing, and
wholesale ..........................
Sales workers, other
commodities .....................
Cashiers .................................
Administrative support, including
clerical .........................................
Supervisors, general office .....
Supervisors, financial records
processing ........................
Computer operators ................
Secretaries .............................
Typists ....................................
Receptionists ..........................
Order clerks ............................
Personnel clerks, except
payroll and timekeeping ....
Records clerks, n.e.c. .............
See footnotes at end of table.
13
Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Weekly earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
weekly
hours5
White collar –Continued
Administrative support, including
clerical –Continued
Bookkeepers, accounting and
auditing clerks ...................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Billing clerks ............................
Telephone operators ..............
Production coordinators ..........
Traffic, shipping and receiving
clerks ................................
Stock and inventory clerks ......
Material recording, scheduling,
and distribution clerks,
n.e.c. .................................
Insurance adjusters,
examiners, and
investigators .....................
Investigators and adjusters,
except insurance ..............
Bill and account collectors ......
General office clerks ...............
Bank tellers .............................
Teachers’ aides ......................
Administrative support, n.e.c.
Blue collar .............................................
Precision production, craft, and
repair ............................................
Supervisors, mechanics and
repairers ...........................
Automobile mechanics ...........
Bus, truck, and stationary
engine mechanics .............
Heavy equipment mechanics
Industrial machinery repairers
Millwrights ...............................
Mechanics and repairers,
n.e.c. .................................
Supervisors, construction
trades, n.e.c. .....................
Electricians .............................
Plumbers, pipefitters and
steamfitters .......................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ......
Supervisors, production ..........
Tool and die makers ...............
Tool and die maker
apprentices .......................
Machinists ...............................
Precision grinders, filers, and
tool sharpeners .................
Patternmakers, layout
workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ......
Inspectors, testers, and
graders .............................
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors ............................
$467
564
437
434
788
5.2
3.4
4.6
11.8
12.2
40.0
39.8
39.8
38.6
40.0
$451
564
426
434
788
5.3
3.4
4.6
11.8
12.2
40.1
39.8
39.8
38.6
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
484
409
10.2
9.0
40.0
40.0
484
409
10.2
9.0
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
631
11.6
40.0
631
11.6
40.0
–
–
–
536
3.1
39.2
536
3.1
39.2
–
–
–
477
492
502
425
352
539
10.7
8.1
3.8
1.9
7.7
5.5
39.5
40.0
39.8
40.0
32.6
39.8
477
492
522
425
–
520
10.7
8.1
6.5
1.9
–
6.8
39.5
40.0
40.0
40.0
–
39.8
–
–
$483
–
353
–
–
–
3.1
–
7.8
–
–
–
39.7
–
32.6
–
684
2.1
40.1
688
2.2
40.1
630
4.9
39.4
825
1.9
40.2
831
2.0
40.2
759
4.4
39.9
1,010
744
10.5
8.7
45.7
40.7
1,027
–
10.9
–
46.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
634
836
814
908
7.5
5.0
4.9
1.7
39.8
40.0
40.0
40.0
–
866
814
908
–
4.9
4.9
1.7
–
40.0
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
793
3.5
40.0
796
3.6
40.0
–
–
–
984
940
6.9
1.6
40.0
39.9
1,045
933
9.3
1.4
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
965
658
831
899
3.8
8.1
8.0
3.2
40.0
39.9
40.6
40.0
965
–
831
899
3.9
–
8.0
3.2
40.0
–
40.6
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
670
813
10.1
3.8
40.0
40.0
670
813
10.1
3.8
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
890
7.1
40.0
890
7.1
40.0
–
–
–
980
583
6.9
7.7
40.0
40.0
980
583
6.9
7.7
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
825
8.6
40.0
825
8.6
40.0
–
–
–
629
3.1
40.0
629
3.1
40.0
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Weekly earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
weekly
hours5
Blue collar –Continued
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors –Continued
Punching and stamping press
operators ..........................
Fabricating machine
operators, n.e.c. ................
Textile sewing machine
operators ..........................
Laundering and dry cleaning
machine operators ............
Packaging and filling machine
operators ..........................
Miscellaneous machine
operators, n.e.c. ................
Welders and cutters ................
Assemblers .............................
Production inspectors,
checkers and examiners ...
Transportation and material
moving .........................................
Truck drivers ...........................
Bus drivers ..............................
Crane and tower operators .....
Industrial truck and tractor
equipment operators .........
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers .................
Groundskeepers and
gardeners, except farm .....
Stock handlers and baggers ...
Freight, stock, and material
handlers, n.e.c. .................
Vehicle washers and
equipment cleaners ..........
Hand packers and packagers
Laborers, except construction,
n.e.c. .................................
Service ...................................................
Protective service .......................
Firefighting ..............................
Police and detectives, public
service ..............................
Correctional institution officers
Guards and police, except
public service ....................
Food service ...............................
Cooks .....................................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .........
Health service .............................
Health aides, except nursing ..
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .........................
Cleaning and building service .....
Maids and housemen .............
Janitors and cleaners .............
$639
12.7
40.0
$639
12.7
40.0
–
–
–
823
1.4
40.0
823
1.4
40.0
–
–
–
486
29.7
40.0
486
29.7
40.0
–
–
–
311
5.1
39.5
294
1.8
39.5
–
–
–
419
10.3
39.9
419
10.3
39.9
–
–
–
498
696
687
6.8
7.9
4.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
498
696
687
6.8
7.9
4.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
604
10.7
40.0
604
10.7
40.0
–
–
–
673
648
472
748
4.2
8.3
5.2
5.2
40.0
41.5
37.9
40.0
709
674
–
748
4.5
9.1
–
5.2
40.4
41.7
–
40.0
3.9
–
4.4
–
38.4
–
37.8
–
631
6.8
40.0
631
6.8
40.0
–
–
–
464
3.9
40.0
458
4.2
40.0
521
7.5
39.7
522
482
9.9
7.1
39.3
40.0
–
482
–
7.1
–
40.0
522
–
9.9
–
39.3
–
435
6.3
39.9
435
6.3
39.9
–
–
–
463
385
9.0
7.0
40.0
40.0
463
385
9.0
7.0
40.0
40.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
527
11.1
40.0
516
12.6
40.0
–
–
–
443
576
804
3.9
9.9
3.9
40.1
41.4
51.2
359
289
–
3.3
7.3
–
39.8
40.0
–
631
765
804
4.1
2.4
3.9
40.8
42.3
51.2
780
656
2.5
3.7
40.2
40.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
780
656
2.5
3.7
40.2
40.1
289
332
361
290
350
413
7.8
6.9
3.3
9.5
3.1
2.5
40.0
39.5
39.3
37.9
39.7
39.8
288
330
358
288
345
408
7.8
7.3
3.2
10.1
3.1
2.8
40.0
39.8
39.8
38.3
39.7
39.7
–
364
–
–
466
–
–
10.1
–
–
6.0
–
–
33.5
–
–
39.5
–
333
470
294
487
2.6
3.9
2.9
4.2
39.7
39.8
40.0
39.8
330
452
–
472
2.5
5.1
–
5.8
39.7
39.8
–
39.7
–
516
–
517
–
4.8
–
4.9
–
39.9
–
39.9
See footnotes at end of table.
15
$515
–
488
–
Table 3-1. Mean weekly earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Weekly earnings
Mean
Service –Continued
Personal service .........................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .......
$378
448
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
39.0
39.5
–
–
–
–
8.0
10.5
1 Earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to
Weekly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours5
–
–
Mean
$426
470
Relative
error4
(percent)
9.8
10.6
Mean
weekly
hours5
38.2
39.4
cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a
sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
5 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a
week, exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
16
Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation3
Annual earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
annual
hours5
All ...............................................................
All excluding sales ..............................
$39,533
39,592
1.8
1.9
2,028
2,022
$39,534
39,607
2.1
2.2
2,083
2,079
$39,530
39,530
3.2
3.2
1,784
1,784
White collar ...........................................
White collar excluding sales ...........
45,835
46,551
2.2
2.2
1,987
1,973
46,674
47,756
2.6
2.6
2,083
2,075
43,192
43,192
4.0
4.0
1,688
1,688
51,617
54,880
2.2
2.3
1,877
1,834
53,452
57,731
2.4
2.6
2,054
2,043
48,135
50,565
4.7
4.4
1,540
1,517
64,066
58,881
65,582
65,413
3.6
2.1
11.7
2.7
2,090
2,099
2,102
2,082
64,054
58,881
65,582
65,413
3.6
2.1
11.7
2.7
2,090
2,099
2,102
2,082
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
58,574
4.8
2,085
58,596
4.8
2,085
–
–
–
58,614
6.2
2,090
58,650
6.2
2,090
–
–
–
58,913
42,781
46,742
56,823
45,552
66,908
96,651
7.0
19.5
3.1
18.3
2.4
14.2
8.8
2,079
2,047
2,061
2,102
2,060
1,636
1,560
58,913
61,091
46,396
54,962
45,617
53,750
–
7.0
11.3
3.3
20.9
2.6
7.0
–
2,079
2,080
2,074
2,077
2,072
1,385
–
–
–
49,272
–
44,980
69,129
–
–
–
9.1
–
5.1
16.1
–
–
–
1,965
–
1,954
1,679
–
57,765
2.9
1,219
–
–
–
–
–
–
49,831
3.4
1,345
32,433
7.7
1,593
50,290
3.5
1,338
45,878
49,426
51,486
53,716
7.9
3.0
4.3
1.6
1,330
1,319
1,334
1,311
–
–
32,579
–
–
–
10.0
–
–
–
1,552
–
45,878
49,716
52,716
53,716
7.9
3.0
4.1
1.6
1,330
1,316
1,320
1,311
43,226
25.7
1,794
–
–
–
–
–
–
52,511
52,511
15.5
15.5
1,619
1,619
–
–
–
–
–
–
53,261
53,261
14.5
14.5
1,598
1,598
36,555
21.6
2,014
–
–
–
–
–
–
42,039
42,039
100,253
100,253
11.1
11.1
17.3
17.3
1,808
1,808
2,077
2,077
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
43,293
43,293
–
–
11.8
11.8
–
–
1,769
1,769
–
–
60,637
40,024
4.3
3.4
1,902
2,029
59,329
42,583
5.0
2.9
1,878
2,081
–
26,346
–
11.0
–
1,753
31,624
16.6
2,080
39,538
3.5
2,080
–
–
–
29,400
36,609
30,658
12.4
7.4
1.9
2,062
2,080
2,075
–
36,520
30,513
–
7.6
2.1
–
2,080
2,074
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27,273
4.7
2,080
26,856
4.8
2,080
–
–
–
44,170
4.5
2,081
44,170
4.5
2,081
–
–
–
45,465
6.9
2,080
45,465
6.9
2,080
–
–
–
Professional specialty and
technical ......................................
Professional specialty .....................
Engineers, architects, and
surveyors ..............................
Industrial engineers ................
Mechanical engineers .............
Engineers, n.e.c. .....................
Mathematical and computer
scientists ...............................
Computer systems analysts
and scientists ....................
Operations and systems
researchers and analysts
Natural scientists ........................
Health related .............................
Physicians ..............................
Registered nurses ..................
Teachers, college and university
Engineering teachers ..............
Teachers, post secondary,
subject not specified .........
Teachers, except college and
university ..............................
Prekindergarten and
kindergarten ......................
Elementary school teachers ...
Secondary school teachers ....
Teachers, special education ...
Vocational and educational
counselors ........................
Librarians, archivists, and
curators .................................
Librarians ................................
Social scientists and urban
planners ................................
Social, recreation, and religious
workers .................................
Social workers ........................
Lawyers and judges ....................
Lawyers ..................................
Writers, authors, entertainers,
athletes, and professionals,
n.e.c. .....................................
Technical ........................................
Clinical laboratory
technologists and
technicians ........................
Health record technologists
and technicians .................
Radiologic technicians ............
Licensed practical nurses .......
Health technologists and
technicians, n.e.c. .............
Electrical and electronic
technicians ........................
Mechanical engineering
technicians ........................
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Annual earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
annual
hours5
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and
technical –Continued
Technical –Continued
Engineering technicians, n.e.c.
Drafters ...................................
Chemical technicians ..............
Computer programmers .........
Technical and related, n.e.c. ..
Executive, administrative, and
managerial ...................................
Executives, administrators, and
managers ..............................
Administrators and officials,
public administration .........
Financial managers ................
Managers, marketing,
advertising, and public
relations ............................
Administrators, education and
related fields .....................
Managers, medicine and
health ................................
Managers, food servicing and
lodging establishments .....
Managers and administrators,
n.e.c. .................................
Management related ...................
Accountants and auditors .......
Other financial officers ............
Management analysts ............
Personnel, training, and labor
relations specialists ..........
Purchasing agents and
buyers, n.e.c. ....................
Construction inspectors ..........
Management related, n.e.c. ....
Sales ..................................................
Supervisors, sales ..................
Sales, other business services
Sales representatives, mining,
manufacturing, and
wholesale ..........................
Sales workers, other
commodities .....................
Cashiers .................................
Administrative support, including
clerical .........................................
Supervisors, general office .....
Supervisors, financial records
processing ........................
Computer operators ................
Secretaries .............................
Typists ....................................
Receptionists ..........................
Order clerks ............................
Personnel clerks, except
payroll and timekeeping ....
Records clerks, n.e.c. .............
$49,995
52,476
40,585
58,756
34,084
5.2
8.3
3.9
1.7
10.6
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
1,733
$50,064
52,476
40,585
58,756
45,544
5.3
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.2
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
$26,491
–
–
–
–
15.3
–
–
–
–
1,503
63,318
4.1
2,100
64,605
4.5
2,111
54,609
5.1
2,022
72,223
5.5
2,118
72,962
6.1
2,131
65,911
5.5
2,011
61,416
74,995
5.9
13.6
2,049
2,080
–
76,089
–
13.9
–
2,081
61,416
–
5.9
–
2,049
–
89,852
8.9
2,146
89,852
8.9
2,146
–
–
–
75,169
9.7
1,841
38,947
10.6
1,936
–
–
–
59,610
13.0
2,080
60,394
14.5
2,080
–
–
–
34,030
12.9
2,422
34,030
12.9
2,422
–
–
–
78,785
51,083
45,816
63,692
44,580
7.4
3.1
5.0
15.8
13.6
2,104
2,075
2,077
2,110
2,080
79,073
52,344
45,805
68,701
44,580
7.5
3.6
5.1
16.2
13.6
2,104
2,083
2,077
2,116
2,080
–
44,540
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
–
–
2,032
–
–
–
50,038
9.6
2,094
50,790
11.5
2,097
–
–
–
56,523
43,209
50,761
9.2
3.4
6.0
2,077
2,020
2,061
56,865
–
51,506
9.3
–
7.0
2,080
–
2,073
–
43,209
–
–
3.4
–
–
2,020
–
38,315
42,066
39,810
7.6
18.2
14.3
2,143
2,197
2,080
38,315
42,066
39,810
7.6
18.2
14.3
2,143
2,197
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
52,563
10.6
2,217
52,563
10.6
2,217
–
–
–
26,721
17,918
11.5
5.9
2,080
2,072
26,721
17,918
11.5
5.9
2,080
2,072
–
–
–
–
–
–
27,362
38,680
2.4
5.9
2,048
2,118
27,744
39,164
3.0
7.6
2,077
2,130
25,996
–
2.4
–
1,944
–
40,383
36,578
29,533
19,941
20,370
26,291
10.9
11.3
5.3
6.9
7.5
6.9
2,065
2,036
1,984
2,049
2,064
2,151
40,383
38,901
32,111
21,057
20,370
26,291
10.9
12.9
6.6
9.5
7.5
6.9
2,065
2,073
2,052
2,020
2,064
2,151
–
–
25,631
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
1,882
–
–
–
30,073
23,932
6.0
7.4
2,054
2,220
26,402
22,040
6.9
8.0
2,071
2,290
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
18
Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Annual earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
annual
hours5
White collar –Continued
Administrative support, including
clerical –Continued
Bookkeepers, accounting and
auditing clerks ...................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Billing clerks ............................
Telephone operators ..............
Production coordinators ..........
Traffic, shipping and receiving
clerks ................................
Stock and inventory clerks ......
Material recording, scheduling,
and distribution clerks,
n.e.c. .................................
Insurance adjusters,
examiners, and
investigators .....................
Investigators and adjusters,
except insurance ..............
Bill and account collectors ......
General office clerks ...............
Bank tellers .............................
Teachers’ aides ......................
Administrative support, n.e.c.
Blue collar .............................................
Precision production, craft, and
repair ............................................
Supervisors, mechanics and
repairers ...........................
Automobile mechanics ...........
Bus, truck, and stationary
engine mechanics .............
Heavy equipment mechanics
Industrial machinery repairers
Millwrights ...............................
Mechanics and repairers,
n.e.c. .................................
Supervisors, construction
trades, n.e.c. .....................
Electricians .............................
Plumbers, pipefitters and
steamfitters .......................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ......
Supervisors, production ..........
Tool and die makers ...............
Tool and die maker
apprentices .......................
Machinists ...............................
Precision grinders, filers, and
tool sharpeners .................
Patternmakers, layout
workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ......
Inspectors, testers, and
graders .............................
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors ............................
$24,256
29,342
22,710
22,555
40,956
5.2
3.4
4.6
11.8
12.2
2,080
2,068
2,071
2,006
2,080
$23,437
29,342
22,149
22,555
40,956
5.3
3.4
4.6
11.8
12.2
2,085
2,068
2,070
2,006
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25,160
21,244
10.2
9.0
2,080
2,080
25,160
21,244
10.2
9.0
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
32,794
11.6
2,080
32,794
11.6
2,080
–
–
–
27,883
3.1
2,036
27,883
3.1
2,036
–
–
–
24,783
25,584
26,116
22,090
14,234
28,008
10.7
8.1
3.8
1.9
7.7
5.5
2,052
2,080
2,072
2,080
1,317
2,068
24,783
25,584
27,144
22,090
–
27,030
10.7
8.1
6.5
1.9
–
6.8
2,052
2,080
2,078
2,080
–
2,067
–
–
$25,103
–
14,275
–
–
–
3.1
–
7.8
–
–
–
2,066
–
1,316
–
35,500
2.1
2,079
35,752
2.2
2,086
31,463
4.9
1,966
42,926
1.9
2,090
43,200
2.0
2,091
39,447
4.4
2,075
52,515
38,683
10.5
8.7
2,378
2,117
53,383
–
10.9
–
2,405
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
32,953
43,454
42,310
47,222
7.5
5.0
4.9
1.7
2,069
2,080
2,080
2,080
–
45,017
42,310
47,222
–
4.9
4.9
1.7
–
2,080
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
41,226
3.5
2,080
41,381
3.6
2,080
–
–
–
51,179
48,905
6.9
1.6
2,080
2,076
54,336
48,517
9.3
1.4
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
50,186
34,191
43,205
46,768
3.8
8.1
8.0
3.2
2,080
2,077
2,113
2,080
50,168
–
43,205
46,768
3.9
–
8.0
3.2
2,080
–
2,113
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
34,865
42,272
10.1
3.8
2,080
2,080
34,865
42,272
10.1
3.8
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
46,284
7.1
2,080
46,284
7.1
2,080
–
–
–
50,954
30,335
6.9
7.7
2,080
2,080
50,954
30,335
6.9
7.7
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
42,875
8.6
2,080
42,875
8.6
2,080
–
–
–
32,698
3.1
2,082
32,701
3.1
2,082
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
19
Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Annual earnings
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
State and local
government
Private industry
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
Mean
annual
hours5
Blue collar –Continued
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors –Continued
Punching and stamping press
operators ..........................
Fabricating machine
operators, n.e.c. ................
Textile sewing machine
operators ..........................
Laundering and dry cleaning
machine operators ............
Packaging and filling machine
operators ..........................
Miscellaneous machine
operators, n.e.c. ................
Welders and cutters ................
Assemblers .............................
Production inspectors,
checkers and examiners ...
Transportation and material
moving .........................................
Truck drivers ...........................
Bus drivers ..............................
Crane and tower operators .....
Industrial truck and tractor
equipment operators .........
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers .................
Groundskeepers and
gardeners, except farm .....
Stock handlers and baggers ...
Freight, stock, and material
handlers, n.e.c. .................
Vehicle washers and
equipment cleaners ..........
Hand packers and packagers
Laborers, except construction,
n.e.c. .................................
Service ...................................................
Protective service .......................
Firefighting ..............................
Police and detectives, public
service ..............................
Correctional institution officers
Guards and police, except
public service ....................
Food service ...............................
Cooks .....................................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .........
Health service .............................
Health aides, except nursing ..
Nursing aides, orderlies and
attendants .........................
Cleaning and building service .....
Maids and housemen .............
Janitors and cleaners .............
$33,243
12.7
2,080
$33,243
12.7
2,080
–
–
–
42,807
1.4
2,080
42,807
1.4
2,080
–
–
–
25,246
29.7
2,080
25,246
29.7
2,080
–
–
–
16,173
5.1
2,055
15,298
1.8
2,054
–
–
–
21,799
10.3
2,073
21,799
10.3
2,073
–
–
–
25,892
36,215
35,722
6.8
7.9
4.0
2,080
2,080
2,080
25,892
36,215
35,722
6.8
7.9
4.0
2,080
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31,408
10.7
2,080
31,408
10.7
2,080
–
–
–
34,204
33,687
20,972
38,905
4.2
8.3
5.2
5.2
2,035
2,156
1,684
2,080
36,880
35,027
–
38,905
4.5
9.1
–
5.2
2,101
2,171
–
2,080
3.9
–
4.4
–
1,774
–
1,662
–
32,799
6.8
2,080
32,799
6.8
2,080
–
–
–
24,143
3.9
2,078
23,834
4.2
2,080
27,102
7.5
2,064
27,119
25,081
9.9
7.1
2,043
2,080
–
25,081
–
7.1
–
2,080
27,119
–
9.9
–
2,043
–
22,597
6.3
2,077
22,597
6.3
2,077
–
–
–
24,072
20,017
9.0
7.0
2,080
2,080
24,072
20,017
9.0
7.0
2,080
2,080
–
–
–
–
–
–
27,388
11.1
2,080
26,854
12.6
2,080
–
–
–
22,703
29,852
41,807
3.9
9.9
3.9
2,053
2,146
2,661
18,661
15,016
–
3.3
7.3
–
2,069
2,080
–
31,286
39,617
41,807
4.1
2.4
3.9
2,019
2,190
2,661
40,552
34,091
2.5
3.7
2,090
2,085
–
–
–
–
–
–
40,552
34,091
2.5
3.7
2,090
2,085
15,014
17,040
18,290
14,842
18,197
21,479
7.8
6.9
3.3
9.5
3.1
2.5
2,080
2,024
1,989
1,943
2,063
2,068
14,990
17,184
18,622
14,967
17,963
21,236
7.8
7.3
3.2
10.1
3.1
2.8
2,080
2,069
2,070
1,990
2,064
2,066
–
14,956
–
–
24,235
–
–
10.1
–
–
6.0
–
–
1,375
–
–
2,054
–
17,321
24,407
15,301
25,279
2.6
3.9
2.9
4.2
2,062
2,067
2,079
2,064
17,152
23,513
–
24,560
2.5
5.1
–
5.8
2,063
2,068
–
2,065
–
26,637
–
26,716
–
4.8
–
4.9
–
2,063
–
2,063
See footnotes at end of table.
20
$23,785
–
21,451
–
Table 3-2. Mean annual earnings1, full-time workers:2 Selected occupations, private industry and State and local
government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation3
Annual earnings
Mean
Service –Continued
Personal service .........................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .......
$17,555
19,674
Relative
error4
(percent)
8.0
10.5
State and local
government
Private industry
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
Mean
Relative
error4
(percent)
1,814
1,733
–
–
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to
Annual earnings
Mean
annual
hours5
–
–
Mean
$18,101
20,262
Relative
error4
(percent)
9.8
10.6
Mean
annual
hours5
1,625
1,701
cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a
sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
5 Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year,
exclusive of overtime.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
21
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$18.59
18.79
1.9
1.9
$18.05
18.26
2.1
2.2
$21.41
21.41
3.4
3.4
White collar .........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
22.27
7.25
9.54
10.74
13.08
14.13
18.46
19.75
24.79
26.43
25.43
32.54
35.58
39.84
47.54
34.07
23.16
7.95
10.22
11.23
12.82
13.74
18.66
19.49
25.55
26.59
25.40
32.38
35.59
39.84
47.54
34.33
2.3
3.5
4.9
2.8
3.1
4.4
8.4
2.4
4.2
3.0
4.1
3.3
2.7
10.1
8.0
12.5
2.3
4.5
4.9
2.6
2.9
3.8
8.8
2.4
4.3
3.1
4.2
3.5
2.7
10.1
8.0
12.9
21.58
7.22
9.49
10.68
12.99
14.84
16.02
20.03
21.04
24.31
25.84
31.91
35.70
44.21
47.47
36.27
22.61
7.96
10.30
11.20
12.60
14.48
16.08
19.76
21.54
24.35
25.81
31.65
35.71
44.21
47.47
36.75
2.7
3.5
5.5
2.9
4.0
5.4
2.8
2.5
3.2
2.1
4.7
4.0
2.7
2.8
8.2
15.2
2.7
4.5
5.6
2.7
3.9
4.6
3.0
2.4
3.5
2.0
4.8
4.3
2.8
2.8
8.2
15.9
25.05
7.89
9.85
11.64
13.32
12.07
30.40
17.88
34.09
31.50
23.70
35.47
33.94
–
–
27.32
25.06
7.89
9.89
11.64
13.32
12.07
30.40
17.88
34.09
31.50
23.70
35.47
33.94
–
–
27.32
4.2
17.2
7.7
4.9
3.5
4.8
17.4
8.3
5.1
6.2
7.4
5.0
9.4
–
–
9.3
4.2
17.5
7.8
4.9
3.5
4.8
17.4
8.3
5.1
6.2
7.4
5.0
9.4
–
–
9.3
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
26.97
29.31
11.73
29.40
20.00
29.14
27.83
25.90
32.87
34.49
31.98
29.95
30.65
25.18
28.36
32.64
31.94
28.05
31.20
25.60
39.55
31.42
24.76
30.04
33.06
28.02
23.46
27.21
29.97
28.05
2.3
2.4
8.1
17.0
4.1
4.9
4.0
6.4
4.4
3.8
29.1
11.2
3.6
2.4
3.0
8.0
2.7
1.9
11.9
6.0
13.1
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.5
5.0
4.5
6.3
4.6
6.4
25.68
27.91
14.36
17.49
20.54
22.24
23.94
26.87
32.13
34.36
47.13
31.25
30.65
25.18
28.36
32.64
31.94
28.05
31.20
25.60
39.55
31.42
24.76
30.04
33.06
28.03
23.46
27.33
29.97
28.06
2.5
2.7
4.9
5.2
2.6
3.2
1.8
7.5
5.5
3.9
6.9
17.1
3.6
2.4
3.0
8.0
2.7
1.9
11.9
6.0
13.1
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.5
5.0
4.5
6.9
4.6
6.4
30.27
32.21
11.28
39.97
17.68
36.21
34.15
23.34
35.95
–
–
27.94
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
4.8
8.5
10.8
16.4
4.5
6.1
11.3
4.9
–
–
9.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$24.72
27.21
31.56
33.53
5.7
6.3
2.2
5.4
$24.72
27.33
31.56
33.53
5.7
6.9
2.2
5.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28.16
21.14
20.77
22.99
18.02
20.46
21.39
21.73
28.59
27.99
26.42
31.02
26.42
22.02
18.80
20.90
21.33
21.19
24.80
30.06
15.79
24.01
38.01
50.96
38.48
36.01
36.28
61.84
32.86
46.59
29.40
35.53
10.83
39.51
37.38
35.76
33.77
36.16
39.07
36.95
35.47
38.58
37.88
37.77
40.98
33.84
23.96
29.04
29.04
18.45
22.56
20.25
17.00
7.2
4.8
18.8
2.8
3.7
3.0
2.6
2.2
10.8
6.8
19.9
18.2
19.9
1.9
2.7
3.1
1.1
2.1
12.3
7.4
8.9
7.9
13.9
10.9
10.8
8.4
4.2
7.3
10.0
14.5
18.3
4.5
8.9
10.9
4.7
6.0
10.2
4.7
10.7
5.4
7.9
5.1
8.1
5.3
2.9
22.6
28.5
22.2
22.2
21.9
13.9
18.2
13.6
28.16
21.14
29.25
22.85
18.01
20.50
21.43
21.71
30.67
29.13
27.80
31.28
27.80
22.00
18.80
20.90
21.38
21.25
–
30.62
–
–
37.26
–
31.85
37.27
37.88
–
–
46.59
–
19.37
–
–
25.03
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.95
–
–
–
–
14.48
–
–
–
15.01
–
–
7.2
4.8
11.2
2.9
3.8
3.0
2.8
2.3
12.6
7.6
22.9
20.9
22.9
2.0
2.8
3.1
1.2
2.2
–
8.4
–
–
6.8
–
9.8
8.9
11.7
–
–
14.5
–
7.5
–
–
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.8
–
–
–
–
10.4
–
–
–
10.9
–
–
–
–
–
$24.32
–
–
20.82
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.24
–
–
20.82
–
–
–
–
–
38.11
–
–
–
36.10
–
–
–
28.92
36.06
–
41.25
37.71
36.05
34.35
36.43
–
37.07
35.54
39.94
38.70
–
40.98
34.12
–
29.59
29.59
–
24.08
–
–
–
–
–
8.9
–
–
3.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.1
–
–
3.0
–
–
–
–
–
15.8
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
20.3
4.6
–
10.1
4.8
6.0
10.2
4.7
–
5.5
7.9
4.9
8.2
–
2.9
22.4
–
21.9
21.9
–
14.7
–
–
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and technical –Continued
Professional specialty –Continued
Mathematical and computer scientists –Continued
Computer systems analysts and scientists
–Continued
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Operations and systems researchers and
analysts ..........................................................
9 ......................................................................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Physicians ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Registered nurses ................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Dietitians ...............................................................
Physical therapists ................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Engineering teachers ............................................
Health specialities teachers ..................................
Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. .........................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
6 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
8 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
23
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$37.30
22.75
20.25
17.00
37.30
48.27
48.27
12.9
13.9
18.2
13.6
12.9
17.3
17.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$24.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.7
–
–
–
–
–
31.64
24.99
32.29
19.34
9.73
13.68
13.53
17.24
20.26
24.01
23.57
27.76
15.39
14.66
17.37
15.86
14.98
14.78
14.31
15.37
13.18
11.98
13.41
21.22
21.86
24.04
22.87
19.51
28.25
19.48
6.6
3.5
20.0
3.3
4.2
7.3
6.4
4.5
3.0
3.3
4.8
8.6
15.8
12.5
6.7
2.8
1.6
3.2
3.2
1.9
4.1
3.8
3.3
4.5
6.9
5.2
12.5
3.9
1.7
7.3
$31.33
24.99
31.42
20.03
–
13.92
14.68
17.16
20.77
24.18
24.04
27.76
19.04
–
17.33
15.86
15.00
14.78
14.86
15.18
13.02
–
13.41
21.22
21.86
24.07
22.87
19.51
28.25
21.88
7.6
3.5
30.8
3.1
–
7.6
3.7
5.0
3.0
3.4
5.2
8.6
3.2
–
6.9
2.8
1.7
3.2
1.3
2.3
4.1
–
3.3
4.5
6.9
5.3
12.5
3.9
1.7
7.2
–
–
–
14.96
–
–
–
–
16.64
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.81
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.34
–
–
–
10.3
–
–
–
–
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.5
30.15
16.84
18.78
18.60
24.52
24.19
31.58
37.00
43.39
52.96
48.82
34.08
15.99
17.16
26.04
23.88
32.20
37.53
43.39
58.66
4.2
6.7
7.1
8.6
4.4
6.3
4.3
3.0
2.7
11.3
21.7
6.0
9.8
21.1
7.0
11.2
5.5
3.4
2.7
12.3
30.59
16.61
18.22
18.37
24.99
24.16
30.93
37.58
43.60
53.06
50.00
34.24
15.99
17.16
25.86
23.85
31.44
38.44
43.60
59.15
4.7
6.9
7.5
9.3
5.2
7.5
4.2
2.9
2.8
11.8
22.2
6.6
9.8
21.1
8.2
11.4
5.5
2.9
2.8
12.8
27.04
–
–
–
22.90
–
33.97
32.31
–
–
–
32.59
–
–
–
–
34.64
32.31
–
–
5.4
–
–
–
7.5
–
12.3
11.6
–
–
–
6.4
–
–
–
–
14.1
11.6
–
–
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and technical –Continued
Professional specialty –Continued
Social, recreation, and religious workers
–Continued
11 ......................................................................
Social workers ......................................................
8 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
9 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Technical ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiologic technicians ..........................................
6 ......................................................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Mechanical engineering technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .............................
Drafters .................................................................
Chemical technicians ............................................
Computer programmers .......................................
Technical and related, n.e.c. ................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
24
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$65.85
29.98
36.06
28.1
6.0
13.8
$70.05
–
36.57
29.1
–
14.0
–
$29.98
–
–
6.0
–
41.86
40.83
28.66
7.4
12.4
13.0
41.86
20.12
29.04
7.4
10.2
14.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.05
37.45
25.93
26.23
31.53
37.14
60.25
24.66
16.66
20.92
19.51
23.21
24.58
29.69
35.47
22.10
20.31
26.00
30.19
21.93
13.7
7.6
11.4
18.5
6.0
3.8
13.6
3.0
6.0
3.7
3.4
4.2
3.4
3.6
7.0
4.9
5.1
8.8
15.2
13.0
14.05
37.58
26.01
26.23
31.53
37.46
60.25
25.13
16.13
20.52
19.25
24.10
24.75
29.56
35.47
22.09
20.31
26.39
32.47
21.43
13.7
7.6
11.8
18.5
6.0
3.7
13.6
3.5
6.0
4.8
3.8
5.3
3.1
4.2
7.0
5.0
5.1
9.2
15.6
13.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.19
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.89
27.22
21.39
24.63
19.63
21.81
24.07
24.33
32.17
9.5
9.2
2.6
6.1
3.3
2.9
5.6
6.0
1.8
24.22
27.34
–
24.85
19.35
–
25.81
24.33
32.17
11.3
9.3
–
7.0
3.6
–
6.6
6.0
1.8
–
–
21.39
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.34
6.81
8.09
8.49
14.52
16.04
22.49
18.04
23.88
34.98
19.15
20.18
19.14
7.2
4.3
4.4
9.0
13.7
14.2
10.2
4.1
13.5
9.1
13.9
13.4
14.3
15.35
6.80
8.10
8.49
14.52
16.04
22.49
18.04
23.88
34.98
19.15
20.18
19.14
7.2
4.3
4.5
9.0
13.7
14.2
10.2
4.1
13.5
9.1
13.9
13.4
14.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.70
12.56
10.63
6.98
9.18
7.75
7.03
12.9
20.9
10.6
5.5
16.7
4.0
10.3
23.70
12.56
10.63
6.98
9.18
7.76
7.03
12.9
20.9
10.6
5.5
16.7
4.0
10.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued
Executives, administrators, and managers
–Continued
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Managers, food servicing and lodging
establishments ................................................
Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Management related .................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related, n.e.c. ..................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Sales ................................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Supervisors, sales ................................................
Advertising and related sales ...............................
Sales, other business services .............................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ....
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
1 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Cashiers ...............................................................
1 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$8.03
7.72
4.8
8.1
$8.04
7.72
4.9
8.1
–
–
–
–
13.15
7.95
10.19
11.28
12.75
14.11
15.21
17.76
19.65
18.26
19.55
17.97
15.11
14.84
11.46
14.80
15.45
15.58
18.77
9.73
10.16
9.84
10.28
12.03
14.64
11.04
6.84
10.78
11.33
9.63
12.00
11.77
12.78
10.94
10.47
11.18
12.44
19.69
12.10
13.40
10.21
2.4
4.5
5.0
2.7
3.1
5.5
4.3
5.2
6.8
6.5
10.8
10.9
2.4
5.1
3.7
5.2
14.0
6.3
6.2
6.9
6.0
6.9
6.8
7.0
6.2
11.9
11.2
11.7
5.5
3.8
7.4
12.4
8.7
4.5
5.3
12.5
10.3
12.2
10.0
11.1
9.0
13.14
7.96
10.24
11.24
12.44
14.33
15.24
17.96
19.97
18.39
19.55
18.76
–
15.58
10.88
15.12
19.31
16.16
–
10.42
–
9.85
10.28
12.03
12.75
–
–
9.61
10.92
9.63
11.00
11.31
12.78
10.68
10.47
11.18
12.44
19.69
12.10
13.40
10.21
2.9
4.5
5.8
2.8
4.4
6.9
4.5
5.8
9.0
8.4
10.8
12.8
–
6.4
3.3
6.7
12.7
7.1
–
8.7
–
6.9
6.8
7.0
7.0
–
–
12.7
5.5
3.8
5.6
12.5
8.7
4.6
5.3
12.5
10.3
12.2
10.0
11.1
9.0
$13.18
7.89
9.97
11.83
13.42
13.42
14.72
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.60
–
14.30
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.5
17.5
7.9
5.1
3.6
5.4
3.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
7.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.53
12.1
15.53
12.1
–
–
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.41
7.78
9.26
11.06
12.21
19.64
10.13
9.97
8.54
10.93
10.68
2.9
11.0
8.1
3.7
6.5
5.3
4.7
2.7
8.4
3.7
5.3
12.9
4.9
3.2
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.77
–
9.53
11.04
12.43
20.81
10.13
9.97
–
–
–
2.9
11.0
8.1
6.4
–
4.8
5.1
2.9
6.6
3.7
5.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.04
–
–
–
12.15
–
–
–
–
10.97
–
–
–
–
3.1
–
–
–
3.3
–
–
–
–
4.9
–
White collar –Continued
Sales –Continued
Cashiers –Continued
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Computer operators ..............................................
5 ......................................................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Interviewers ..........................................................
Receptionists ........................................................
3 ......................................................................
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Library clerks ........................................................
1 ......................................................................
Records clerks, n.e.c. ...........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .............................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
4 ......................................................................
Telephone operators ............................................
2 ......................................................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
4 ......................................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, n.e.c. ...................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and
investigators ...................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .....
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
3 ......................................................................
Data entry keyers .................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
2 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Administrative support, including clerical –Continued
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
$13.26
10.72
13.08
14.10
5.4
4.6
6.6
11.7
$12.96
10.77
11.79
–
6.7
4.7
7.2
–
$14.36
–
–
–
5.7
–
–
–
Blue collar ...........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
16.59
8.41
10.96
16.91
16.43
15.58
18.62
21.51
23.99
28.22
2.0
3.1
5.0
3.0
3.7
3.1
3.9
2.2
2.5
3.4
16.64
8.41
10.81
17.11
16.46
15.54
18.97
21.63
24.23
28.22
2.2
3.1
5.7
3.1
3.7
3.2
4.2
2.4
2.5
3.4
15.73
–
12.00
12.92
–
16.46
–
20.26
–
–
4.6
–
3.9
4.6
–
4.1
–
3.4
–
–
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Heavy equipment mechanics ...............................
7 ......................................................................
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
7 ......................................................................
Millwrights .............................................................
7 ......................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ...........................
7 ......................................................................
Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ...............
Electricians ...........................................................
7 ......................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................
7 ......................................................................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................
Supervisors, production ........................................
8 ......................................................................
Tool and die makers .............................................
7 ......................................................................
Tool and die maker apprentices ...........................
Machinists .............................................................
7 ......................................................................
Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners .....
Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ....................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
Stationary engineers .............................................
20.53
13.30
14.56
16.35
18.97
21.56
23.68
28.22
22.09
18.27
15.93
20.89
21.17
20.34
22.30
22.70
22.70
19.82
22.89
24.61
23.55
23.64
24.13
25.03
16.46
20.45
23.80
22.48
22.87
16.76
20.32
20.62
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
19.40
1.8
9.0
8.3
4.0
4.8
2.3
2.6
3.4
9.1
7.4
7.6
5.0
5.5
4.9
4.0
1.7
1.7
3.5
2.8
6.9
1.5
1.5
3.8
2.6
8.2
7.4
3.4
3.2
2.8
10.1
3.8
3.9
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
2.5
20.65
13.40
14.49
16.31
19.21
21.68
23.91
28.22
22.19
–
–
21.64
–
20.34
22.30
22.70
22.70
19.89
23.42
26.12
23.33
23.42
24.12
25.06
–
20.45
23.80
22.48
22.87
16.76
20.32
20.62
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
–
1.9
11.9
8.5
4.1
5.1
2.5
2.6
3.4
9.6
–
–
4.9
–
4.9
4.0
1.7
1.7
3.6
2.7
9.3
1.4
1.4
3.9
2.7
–
7.4
3.4
3.2
2.8
10.1
3.8
3.9
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
–
19.01
–
–
–
–
20.24
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
15.55
7.96
10.15
17.39
17.06
15.41
18.44
18.45
3.2
4.8
4.9
3.6
4.1
5.5
4.6
2.6
15.55
7.93
10.15
17.39
17.06
15.41
–
–
3.2
4.9
4.9
3.6
4.1
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
27
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
–Continued
Punching and stamping press operators ..............
3 ......................................................................
Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Textile sewing machine operators ........................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
1 ......................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .............
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Welders and cutters ..............................................
Assemblers ...........................................................
1 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
$15.98
17.80
20.58
20.36
20.70
12.14
7.83
7.83
10.51
12.45
10.34
16.58
17.41
16.73
7.47
18.89
15.91
15.10
12.7
8.2
1.4
3.5
.8
29.7
4.7
4.7
10.4
6.8
8.0
4.5
7.9
4.5
7.8
2.6
10.2
10.7
$15.98
17.80
20.58
20.36
20.70
12.14
7.42
7.42
10.51
12.45
10.34
16.58
17.41
16.73
7.47
18.89
15.91
15.10
12.7
8.2
1.4
3.5
.8
29.7
.7
.7
10.4
6.8
8.0
4.5
7.9
4.5
7.8
2.6
10.2
10.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Truck drivers .........................................................
3 ......................................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Crane and tower operators ...................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
15.74
12.07
16.33
16.95
15.80
15.38
16.96
12.91
13.34
11.69
18.70
15.77
18.19
15.31
4.6
14.7
5.2
7.2
7.2
5.9
11.1
11.9
21.8
6.6
5.2
6.8
4.6
10.1
16.28
11.88
17.53
17.09
15.81
16.00
16.96
–
–
–
18.70
15.77
18.19
15.31
5.2
20.2
5.2
7.4
11.0
6.3
11.1
–
–
–
5.2
6.8
4.6
10.1
$13.23
12.61
12.32
–
–
–
–
12.94
–
12.32
–
–
–
–
3.3
3.8
5.1
–
–
–
–
3.6
–
5.1
–
–
–
–
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
1 ......................................................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. .........
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
1 ......................................................................
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................
2 ......................................................................
10.62
8.48
10.97
13.95
12.38
12.85
9.24
6.82
11.03
9.57
10.75
11.36
11.36
9.46
13.17
13.06
3.8
3.8
5.1
9.0
11.8
8.6
6.7
3.7
5.7
12.1
9.3
9.6
9.6
6.8
11.1
17.8
10.42
8.48
10.87
13.79
12.38
–
9.24
6.82
11.03
9.57
10.75
11.36
11.36
9.46
12.91
12.87
4.1
3.8
6.2
10.5
11.8
–
6.7
3.7
5.7
12.1
9.3
9.6
9.6
6.8
12.6
19.5
12.95
–
11.39
–
–
12.85
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.8
–
4.9
–
–
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
9.99
7.73
8.89
8.36
9.54
12.68
14.61
17.54
18.66
21.74
3.4
4.0
5.6
4.0
6.9
6.1
4.6
3.6
2.1
1.6
8.31
7.69
8.19
7.98
8.94
10.54
–
–
–
–
2.9
4.3
7.0
3.7
8.3
9.3
–
–
–
–
14.51
8.05
10.92
12.66
11.40
14.59
16.03
17.40
18.66
21.74
3.3
8.5
4.7
5.4
7.8
2.6
2.3
4.1
2.1
1.6
Blue collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Service –Continued
Protective service .....................................................
3 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Firefighting ............................................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
8 ......................................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Crossing guards ...................................................
Guards and police, except public service .............
3 ......................................................................
Protective service, n.e.c. ......................................
Food service .............................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Bartenders ............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
2 ......................................................................
Cooks ...................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related ......................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Health service ...........................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Cleaning and building service ...................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
1 ......................................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Personal service .......................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ....................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
1 ......................................................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$13.35
6.81
12.92
16.15
17.78
18.62
21.74
15.71
19.26
18.71
16.35
7.05
7.29
6.54
13.30
7.17
6.54
5.82
7.61
9.51
7.28
3.96
2.88
8.66
9.10
9.05
5.93
8.82
6.91
6.61
6.68
8.27
8.87
8.35
8.72
10.07
10.34
9.12
10.37
10.73
8.54
8.27
8.51
9.03
11.36
9.64
12.24
12.75
12.25
7.17
7.16
11.82
10.25
12.73
12.85
12.92
8.63
6.73
8.14
8.09
8.89
7.45
9.85
6.84
9.2
6.6
7.0
2.5
4.2
2.2
1.6
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.8
5.8
7.3
4.6
9.7
4.6
2.7
11.5
7.2
6.2
7.7
14.9
1.6
5.3
2.9
6.4
12.4
4.4
5.3
3.6
19.6
5.1
3.0
3.8
3.9
3.5
2.2
5.9
2.6
2.7
2.8
4.0
3.9
3.8
4.2
4.4
6.9
10.4
5.8
2.7
3.7
4.4
5.4
6.5
11.1
6.8
5.7
6.0
9.0
5.3
3.9
13.8
9.9
11.8
$7.28
6.54
10.25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.27
6.54
–
7.05
6.47
5.64
7.42
9.19
7.28
3.96
2.88
8.45
–
–
5.93
8.76
6.76
–
–
–
8.77
8.23
8.72
9.93
10.21
–
10.37
–
8.47
8.23
8.51
9.03
10.83
9.45
12.45
11.05
11.43
7.10
7.07
11.35
10.07
13.39
11.01
–
7.45
–
–
7.66
–
–
–
–
6.9
4.6
13.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.3
4.6
–
4.8
2.5
12.0
7.7
5.4
7.7
14.9
1.6
5.4
–
–
12.4
4.4
5.2
–
–
–
3.0
3.8
4.0
3.8
2.5
–
2.6
–
2.8
4.1
3.9
3.8
5.3
4.2
11.0
15.7
7.5
2.7
3.7
5.9
5.3
9.8
17.9
–
4.0
–
–
4.5
–
–
–
–
$17.69
–
14.73
16.15
17.78
18.62
21.74
15.71
19.26
18.71
16.35
7.05
–
–
13.30
9.16
7.43
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.25
7.43
–
–
11.62
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.02
–
–
–
12.79
–
11.96
14.94
13.28
–
–
12.83
–
11.97
14.94
13.28
9.96
6.87
8.97
10.80
–
–
10.09
6.84
2.1
–
2.5
2.5
4.2
2.2
1.6
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.8
5.8
–
–
9.7
10.0
11.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.9
11.5
–
–
5.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.8
–
–
–
4.5
–
6.3
3.6
6.8
–
–
4.6
–
6.4
3.6
6.8
8.0
9.8
7.4
8.7
–
–
10.1
11.8
See footnotes at end of table.
29
Table 4-1.Selected occupations1 and levels,2 all workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and State and
local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Service –Continued
Personal service –Continued
Child care workers, n.e.c. –Continued
2 ......................................................................
Service, n.e.c. .......................................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$9.05
8.69
5.9
6.7
–
$8.43
–
11.5
$9.51
–
3.1
–
1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more
information.
2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work
environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within
each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendices C and D for more information.
3 All workers include full-time and part-time workers.
4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
30
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$19.50
19.58
1.9
1.9
$18.98
19.05
2.2
2.2
$22.15
22.15
3.5
3.5
White collar .........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
23.06
8.20
9.85
11.29
13.26
14.33
18.95
19.63
25.05
26.82
25.49
32.53
35.34
39.84
47.27
34.98
23.60
8.74
10.35
11.39
12.94
13.71
19.23
19.33
25.90
27.01
25.46
32.35
35.35
39.84
47.27
35.30
2.3
6.1
5.3
2.7
3.0
4.3
8.9
2.5
4.4
3.0
3.9
3.4
2.6
10.1
8.0
12.8
2.3
6.4
5.4
2.8
2.9
4.0
9.3
2.4
4.6
3.1
4.0
3.6
2.7
10.1
8.0
13.3
22.41
8.05
9.84
11.25
13.22
15.17
16.28
19.90
20.95
24.42
25.90
31.89
35.44
44.21
47.19
36.66
23.02
8.49
10.45
11.37
12.75
14.47
16.37
19.57
21.48
24.47
25.87
31.62
35.45
44.21
47.19
37.17
2.7
5.8
5.9
2.9
4.0
5.1
2.6
2.5
3.3
2.1
4.3
4.0
2.7
2.8
8.2
15.3
2.7
6.0
6.1
2.9
3.9
4.9
2.8
2.3
3.7
2.1
4.4
4.3
2.8
2.8
8.2
16.0
25.59
–
9.91
11.73
13.37
12.10
30.65
18.02
34.77
32.93
23.59
35.48
33.94
–
–
28.72
25.59
–
9.91
11.73
13.37
12.10
30.65
18.02
34.77
32.93
23.59
35.48
33.94
–
–
28.72
4.3
–
9.3
5.4
3.5
4.8
17.8
8.6
5.2
5.7
8.1
5.0
9.4
–
–
8.2
4.3
–
9.3
5.4
3.5
4.8
17.8
8.6
5.2
5.7
8.1
5.0
9.4
–
–
8.2
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .......................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Industrial engineers ..............................................
Mechanical engineers ...........................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...........
27.51
29.93
11.81
30.41
19.45
30.17
28.60
26.30
32.85
34.03
31.98
30.87
30.65
25.18
28.36
32.64
31.94
28.05
31.20
25.60
39.55
31.42
24.76
30.04
33.06
28.09
23.56
27.21
29.97
28.05
2.4
2.5
8.6
17.9
4.4
5.2
3.9
5.4
4.5
3.6
29.1
11.5
3.6
2.4
3.0
8.0
2.7
1.9
11.9
6.0
13.1
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.5
4.9
4.5
6.3
4.6
6.4
26.03
28.26
–
17.12
19.93
22.20
24.13
27.15
32.09
33.89
47.13
31.51
30.65
25.18
28.36
32.64
31.94
28.05
31.20
25.60
39.55
31.42
24.76
30.04
33.06
28.10
23.56
27.33
29.97
28.06
2.5
2.7
–
6.0
1.8
3.5
1.8
5.3
5.6
3.7
6.9
17.0
3.6
2.4
3.0
8.0
2.7
1.9
11.9
6.0
13.1
2.7
2.1
2.3
2.5
4.9
4.5
6.9
4.6
6.4
31.25
33.34
–
40.62
17.86
37.08
36.32
23.97
35.97
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
4.9
–
10.4
16.9
4.6
4.7
13.0
4.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
31
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$24.72
27.21
31.56
33.53
5.7
6.3
2.2
5.4
$24.72
27.33
31.56
33.53
5.7
6.9
2.2
5.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28.34
21.31
20.90
22.68
17.51
19.59
21.25
22.06
28.15
27.85
26.42
27.04
26.42
22.12
18.61
20.00
21.54
21.52
30.48
40.89
40.25
35.79
36.24
61.96
47.39
37.06
40.08
38.14
38.26
34.49
37.49
36.97
37.84
38.60
37.88
37.77
40.98
24.10
32.43
32.43
18.15
23.25
20.36
37.30
23.25
20.36
37.30
48.27
48.27
7.0
5.0
19.1
3.2
5.0
1.6
3.2
2.6
11.6
7.4
19.9
18.3
19.9
2.4
3.5
1.7
1.1
2.6
7.5
14.1
9.6
11.1
4.3
7.1
5.2
4.2
10.5
4.8
3.9
10.8
3.6
5.4
4.6
5.1
8.1
5.3
2.9
28.9
18.6
18.6
22.2
13.9
18.3
12.9
13.9
18.3
12.9
17.3
17.3
28.34
21.31
29.37
22.37
17.50
19.61
21.23
21.99
–
29.05
27.80
26.46
27.80
22.02
–
20.00
21.55
21.52
31.19
38.81
33.59
35.79
37.97
–
–
20.36
–
25.18
–
–
–
–
–
20.99
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.0
5.0
11.3
3.3
5.1
1.6
3.4
2.7
–
8.5
22.9
21.0
22.9
2.6
–
1.7
1.3
2.8
8.4
7.4
11.2
11.1
11.9
–
–
7.8
–
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
10.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$25.07
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.01
–
–
–
–
–
41.18
–
–
–
–
–
37.58
41.81
38.49
38.64
34.49
37.77
37.07
37.93
39.94
38.70
–
40.98
–
33.33
33.33
–
24.47
–
–
24.47
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.9
–
–
–
–
–
16.0
–
–
–
–
–
4.3
9.5
4.9
3.9
10.8
3.7
5.5
4.6
4.9
8.2
–
2.9
–
17.4
17.4
–
14.9
–
–
14.9
–
–
–
–
31.89
24.99
32.86
6.4
3.5
19.4
31.60
24.99
32.25
7.5
3.5
30.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and technical –Continued
Professional specialty –Continued
Mathematical and computer scientists –Continued
Computer systems analysts and scientists
–Continued
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Operations and systems researchers and
analysts ..........................................................
9 ......................................................................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Physicians ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Registered nurses ................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Engineering teachers ............................................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
6 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................
Elementary school teachers .................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Secondary school teachers ..................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Teachers, special education .................................
Vocational and educational counselors ................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Librarians ..............................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
8 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Social workers ......................................................
8 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Lawyers and judges ..................................................
Lawyers ................................................................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
9 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
See footnotes at end of table.
32
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$19.72
9.76
14.57
13.25
17.50
20.41
24.17
23.63
27.76
15.20
14.26
17.60
14.78
14.02
15.46
13.11
13.07
21.22
21.86
24.04
25.23
19.51
28.25
19.67
3.2
4.3
5.2
7.4
4.6
3.0
3.3
4.9
8.6
16.6
12.9
7.4
1.9
2.7
2.2
4.7
4.0
4.5
6.9
5.2
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.3
$20.46
–
14.94
14.56
17.37
20.90
24.36
24.04
27.76
19.01
–
17.56
14.71
14.02
15.25
12.91
13.07
21.22
21.86
24.07
25.23
19.51
28.25
21.90
2.9
–
5.1
4.6
5.4
2.9
3.4
5.2
8.6
3.5
–
7.6
2.0
2.7
2.7
4.8
4.0
4.5
6.9
5.3
8.3
3.9
1.7
7.2
$15.03
–
–
–
–
16.76
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.62
10.9
–
–
–
–
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.5
30.15
16.84
18.70
18.60
24.52
23.98
31.58
37.00
43.39
52.96
48.92
34.10
15.99
17.16
26.04
23.88
32.20
37.53
43.39
58.66
66.15
29.98
36.06
4.2
6.7
7.1
8.6
4.4
6.4
4.3
3.0
2.7
11.3
21.7
6.0
9.8
21.1
7.0
11.2
5.5
3.4
2.7
12.3
28.2
6.0
13.8
30.60
16.61
18.13
18.37
24.99
24.16
30.93
37.58
43.60
53.06
50.00
34.24
15.99
17.16
25.86
23.85
31.44
38.44
43.60
59.15
70.05
–
36.57
4.7
6.9
7.6
9.3
5.2
7.5
4.2
2.9
2.8
11.8
22.2
6.6
9.8
21.1
8.2
11.4
5.5
2.9
2.8
12.8
29.1
–
14.0
27.01
–
–
–
22.90
–
33.97
32.31
–
–
–
32.78
–
–
–
–
34.64
32.31
–
–
–
29.98
–
5.5
–
–
–
7.5
–
12.3
11.6
–
–
–
6.4
–
–
–
–
14.1
11.6
–
–
–
6.0
–
41.86
40.83
28.66
7.4
12.4
13.0
41.86
20.12
29.04
7.4
10.2
14.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.05
37.45
25.93
26.23
31.53
37.14
60.25
24.62
16.66
13.7
7.6
11.4
18.5
6.0
3.8
13.6
3.0
6.0
14.05
37.58
26.01
26.23
31.53
37.46
60.25
25.13
16.13
13.7
7.6
11.8
18.5
6.0
3.7
13.6
3.5
6.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
21.92
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.2
–
White collar –Continued
Professional specialty and technical –Continued
Technical ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Health record technologists and technicians ........
Radiologic technicians ..........................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
5 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
5 ......................................................................
Electrical and electronic technicians .....................
Mechanical engineering technicians .....................
Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .............................
Drafters .................................................................
Chemical technicians ............................................
Computer programmers .......................................
Technical and related, n.e.c. ................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
13 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Administrators and officials, public administration
Financial managers ..............................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public
relations ..........................................................
Administrators, education and related fields .........
Managers, medicine and health ...........................
Managers, food servicing and lodging
establishments ................................................
Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
14 ......................................................................
Management related .................................................
6 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
33
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$20.85
19.51
23.21
24.12
29.69
35.47
22.06
20.31
26.00
30.19
21.43
3.8
3.4
4.2
2.5
3.6
7.0
5.0
5.1
8.8
15.2
13.6
$20.41
19.25
24.10
24.75
29.56
35.47
22.06
20.31
26.39
32.47
21.43
5.0
3.8
5.3
3.1
4.2
7.0
5.1
5.1
9.2
15.6
13.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.89
27.22
21.39
24.63
19.63
21.81
24.07
24.33
32.17
9.5
9.2
2.6
6.1
3.3
2.9
5.6
6.0
1.8
24.22
27.34
–
24.85
19.35
–
25.81
24.33
32.17
11.3
9.3
–
7.0
3.6
–
6.6
6.0
1.8
–
–
$21.39
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sales ................................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Supervisors, sales ................................................
Sales, other business services .............................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,
and wholesale .................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
Cashiers ...............................................................
2 ......................................................................
17.88
8.38
10.16
15.23
18.06
22.49
18.04
23.88
34.98
19.15
19.14
7.2
4.5
10.7
14.2
10.5
10.2
4.1
13.5
9.1
13.9
14.3
17.88
8.38
10.16
15.23
18.06
22.49
18.04
23.88
34.98
19.15
19.14
7.2
4.5
10.7
14.2
10.5
10.2
4.1
13.5
9.1
13.9
14.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.70
12.85
8.65
8.31
12.9
11.5
6.0
4.9
23.70
12.85
8.65
8.31
12.9
11.5
6.0
4.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
Supervisors, general office ...................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ............
Computer operators ..............................................
5 ......................................................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Typists ..................................................................
Receptionists ........................................................
3 ......................................................................
13.36
8.74
10.30
11.45
12.81
14.12
15.60
17.89
19.65
18.26
19.55
17.97
15.11
14.88
11.47
14.82
15.45
15.58
18.77
9.73
9.87
10.24
2.5
6.4
5.6
2.9
3.1
5.6
4.4
4.9
6.8
6.5
10.8
10.9
2.4
5.1
3.8
5.2
14.0
6.3
6.2
6.9
7.4
7.0
13.36
8.49
10.38
11.42
12.52
14.34
15.68
18.11
19.97
18.39
19.55
18.76
–
15.65
10.88
15.16
19.31
16.16
–
10.42
9.87
10.24
3.0
6.0
6.3
3.0
4.4
7.1
4.6
5.3
9.0
8.4
10.8
12.8
–
6.4
3.3
6.7
12.7
7.1
–
8.7
7.4
7.0
13.37
–
9.91
11.90
13.42
13.42
14.72
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.62
–
14.30
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
9.3
5.8
3.6
5.4
3.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
7.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued
Management related –Continued
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
Accountants and auditors .....................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Other financial officers ..........................................
Management analysts ..........................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists .......................................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................
Construction inspectors ........................................
Management related, n.e.c. ..................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
12 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
34
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$12.22
14.64
10.78
11.66
12.00
11.77
14.19
10.97
10.49
11.24
19.69
12.10
13.40
10.21
6.7
6.2
12.1
5.7
7.4
12.4
3.8
4.7
5.5
12.5
12.2
10.2
11.1
9.0
$12.22
12.75
9.62
11.24
11.00
11.31
14.19
10.70
10.49
11.24
19.69
12.10
13.40
10.21
6.7
7.0
12.7
5.8
5.6
12.5
3.8
4.8
5.5
12.5
12.2
10.2
11.1
9.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.77
11.6
15.77
11.6
–
–
13.69
12.08
12.30
12.61
11.10
12.21
19.64
10.62
10.81
13.55
10.76
13.13
14.10
2.9
11.0
8.1
3.8
5.1
2.7
8.4
1.9
5.6
5.5
5.0
6.7
11.7
13.69
12.08
12.30
13.06
11.09
12.43
20.81
10.62
–
13.08
10.76
11.83
–
2.9
11.0
8.1
6.5
5.4
2.9
6.6
1.9
–
6.8
5.0
7.4
–
–
–
–
$12.15
–
12.15
–
–
10.85
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.1
–
3.3
–
–
5.6
–
–
–
–
Blue collar ...........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
17.07
9.34
10.96
17.01
16.45
15.58
18.62
21.51
23.99
28.22
2.0
3.2
3.8
3.0
3.7
3.1
3.9
2.2
2.5
3.4
17.14
9.34
10.77
17.16
16.48
15.54
18.97
21.63
24.23
28.22
2.1
3.3
4.4
3.1
3.8
3.2
4.2
2.4
2.5
3.4
16.00
–
12.05
13.26
–
16.55
–
20.26
–
–
4.8
–
4.0
5.5
–
4.8
–
3.4
–
–
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................
Automobile mechanics .........................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......
Heavy equipment mechanics ...............................
7 ......................................................................
Industrial machinery repairers ..............................
7 ......................................................................
Millwrights .............................................................
7 ......................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ...........................
7 ......................................................................
Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ...............
20.54
13.50
14.56
16.35
18.97
21.56
23.68
28.22
22.09
18.27
15.93
20.89
21.17
20.34
22.30
22.70
22.70
19.82
22.89
24.61
1.8
9.0
8.3
4.0
4.8
2.3
2.6
3.4
9.1
7.4
7.6
5.0
5.5
4.9
4.0
1.7
1.7
3.5
2.8
6.9
20.66
13.69
14.49
16.30
19.21
21.68
23.91
28.22
22.19
–
–
21.64
–
20.34
22.30
22.70
22.70
19.89
23.42
26.12
1.9
11.9
8.5
4.1
5.1
2.5
2.6
3.4
9.6
–
–
4.9
–
4.9
4.0
1.7
1.7
3.6
2.7
9.3
19.01
–
–
–
–
20.24
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
White collar –Continued
Administrative support, including clerical –Continued
Order clerks ..........................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping
Records clerks, n.e.c. ...........................................
Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .............................
Billing clerks ..........................................................
4 ......................................................................
Telephone operators ............................................
Production coordinators ........................................
Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ...................
4 ......................................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ....................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distribution
clerks, n.e.c. ...................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and
investigators ...................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .....
Bill and account collectors ....................................
General office clerks .............................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Bank tellers ...........................................................
Teachers’ aides ....................................................
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
35
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued
Electricians ...........................................................
7 ......................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................
7 ......................................................................
Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................
Supervisors, production ........................................
8 ......................................................................
Tool and die makers .............................................
7 ......................................................................
Tool and die maker apprentices ...........................
Machinists .............................................................
7 ......................................................................
Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners .....
Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters .........
Butchers and meat cutters ....................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...........................
$23.55
23.64
24.13
25.03
16.46
20.45
23.80
22.48
22.87
16.76
20.32
20.62
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
1.5
1.5
3.8
2.6
8.2
7.4
3.4
3.2
2.8
10.1
3.8
3.9
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
$23.33
23.42
24.12
25.06
–
20.45
23.80
22.48
22.87
16.76
20.32
20.62
22.25
24.50
14.58
20.61
1.4
1.4
3.9
2.7
–
7.4
3.4
3.2
2.8
10.1
3.8
3.9
7.1
6.9
7.7
8.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Punching and stamping press operators ..............
3 ......................................................................
Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Textile sewing machine operators ........................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators
1 ......................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators ..............
Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .............
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Welders and cutters ..............................................
Assemblers ...........................................................
1 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..
15.71
8.31
10.15
17.39
17.06
15.41
18.44
18.45
15.98
17.80
20.58
20.36
20.70
12.14
7.87
7.87
10.51
12.45
10.34
16.58
17.41
17.17
8.13
18.89
15.91
15.10
3.1
3.6
4.9
3.6
4.1
5.5
4.6
2.6
12.7
8.2
1.4
3.5
.8
29.7
4.9
4.9
10.4
6.8
8.0
4.5
7.9
4.0
4.3
2.6
10.2
10.7
15.71
8.28
10.15
17.39
17.06
15.41
–
–
15.98
17.80
20.58
20.36
20.70
12.14
7.45
7.45
10.51
12.45
10.34
16.58
17.41
17.17
8.13
18.89
15.91
15.10
3.1
3.7
4.9
3.6
4.1
5.5
–
–
12.7
8.2
1.4
3.5
.8
29.7
1.1
1.1
10.4
6.8
8.0
4.5
7.9
4.0
4.3
2.6
10.2
10.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
Truck drivers .........................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
3 ......................................................................
Crane and tower operators ...................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
16.81
13.79
16.92
17.05
15.80
15.63
16.96
17.23
12.45
11.65
18.70
15.77
18.19
15.31
4.0
8.8
5.5
7.3
7.7
6.0
11.1
6.5
4.9
8.1
5.2
6.8
4.6
10.1
17.55
–
17.94
17.20
15.81
16.14
16.96
17.23
–
–
18.70
15.77
18.19
15.31
4.2
–
5.0
7.5
11.0
6.4
11.1
6.5
–
–
5.2
6.8
4.6
10.1
$13.41
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.91
–
–
–
–
–
3.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
11.62
10.04
10.99
3.9
4.5
5.5
11.46
10.04
10.86
4.2
4.5
6.9
13.13
–
11.45
7.7
–
5.0
Blue collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
36
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
–Continued
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. .........
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............
1 ......................................................................
Hand packers and packagers ...............................
Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................
2 ......................................................................
$14.07
12.38
13.27
12.06
10.88
11.57
11.57
9.62
13.17
13.06
9.1
11.8
10.8
7.1
6.3
9.0
9.0
7.0
11.1
17.8
$13.82
12.38
–
12.06
10.88
11.57
11.57
9.62
12.91
12.87
10.6
11.8
–
7.1
6.3
9.0
9.0
7.0
12.6
19.5
–
–
$13.27
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Protective service .....................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Firefighting ............................................................
Police and detectives, public service ....................
8 ......................................................................
Correctional institution officers .............................
Guards and police, except public service .............
Food service .............................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Cooks ...................................................................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
1 ......................................................................
Health service ...........................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Health aides, except nursing ................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Cleaning and building service ...................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Maids and housemen ...........................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
11.06
9.19
9.80
8.55
9.71
12.90
14.75
17.54
18.66
21.74
13.91
13.19
16.56
17.78
18.62
21.74
15.71
19.41
18.71
16.35
7.22
8.42
7.34
7.04
7.79
9.84
9.19
7.64
7.94
8.82
8.32
8.61
10.40
10.39
10.37
10.73
8.40
8.26
8.33
11.81
10.39
12.30
12.76
12.39
7.36
12.25
11.02
12.81
12.87
3.7
5.6
5.4
4.2
8.2
5.9
4.6
3.6
2.1
1.6
9.2
6.6
.8
4.2
2.2
1.6
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.8
7.8
7.3
8.4
13.0
7.6
5.9
3.6
10.9
5.4
3.1
3.9
3.8
3.4
2.2
2.6
2.7
2.7
4.1
3.4
3.8
3.8
7.1
10.5
6.1
2.9
3.7
4.1
6.6
11.2
9.02
9.03
9.26
8.12
9.03
10.61
–
–
–
–
7.22
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.21
8.31
7.02
6.86
7.75
–
9.00
7.52
–
8.70
8.23
8.61
10.23
10.28
10.37
–
8.31
8.23
8.32
11.37
10.22
12.50
11.05
11.43
–
11.90
10.88
13.47
11.01
3.4
5.8
7.1
3.8
10.0
9.9
–
–
–
–
7.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.8
7.6
9.1
13.6
7.7
–
3.3
11.2
–
3.1
4.0
3.8
3.8
2.4
2.6
–
2.6
4.1
3.4
4.9
3.9
11.2
15.7
7.5
–
5.0
4.2
9.8
17.9
15.49
10.87
11.11
13.56
11.67
14.84
16.38
17.40
18.66
21.74
18.09
14.96
16.56
17.78
18.62
21.74
15.71
19.41
18.71
16.35
–
10.88
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.80
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.91
–
12.04
15.04
–
–
12.95
–
12.06
15.04
3.4
8.2
5.1
5.0
8.8
1.9
1.1
4.1
2.1
1.6
2.2
1.7
.8
4.2
2.2
1.6
2.3
2.5
2.8
3.8
–
5.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.8
–
6.6
3.7
–
–
4.9
–
6.6
3.7
Blue collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
37
Table 4-2. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 full-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Service –Continued
Cleaning and building service –Continued
Janitors and cleaners –Continued
4 ......................................................................
Personal service .......................................................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$13.17
9.68
11.35
7.2
8.2
10.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$11.14
11.91
–
8.9
10.5
1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more
information.
2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work
environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within
each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendices C and D for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
38
Table 4-3. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 part-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All .............................................................................................
All excluding sales ............................................................
$10.13
10.59
5.0
5.6
$9.81
10.28
5.6
6.4
$12.35
12.37
8.3
8.3
White collar .........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
White collar excluding sales .........................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
13.63
6.57
8.37
8.16
8.68
12.14
15.52
20.99
20.82
18.39
24.46
34.09
20.66
16.67
6.94
9.38
9.40
9.09
14.22
15.52
20.99
20.82
18.39
24.46
34.09
20.66
5.4
2.5
5.5
6.3
6.4
8.6
8.5
6.7
5.3
4.7
20.8
8.9
11.2
5.3
2.3
4.5
3.5
7.8
3.2
8.5
6.7
5.3
4.7
20.8
8.9
11.2
13.23
6.58
8.21
8.04
8.51
12.22
–
21.40
22.08
20.55
24.45
34.17
17.27
16.78
7.10
9.24
9.23
8.88
14.52
–
21.40
22.08
20.55
24.45
34.17
17.27
6.1
2.8
5.8
6.4
6.2
9.0
–
6.3
4.1
2.9
33.4
9.6
47.9
6.4
2.3
5.0
3.4
7.8
2.9
–
6.3
4.1
2.9
33.4
9.6
47.9
16.17
6.44
9.61
–
10.24
–
–
–
13.78
16.77
24.49
–
–
16.23
6.41
9.80
–
10.24
–
–
–
13.78
16.77
24.49
–
–
7.5
4.5
10.5
–
15.7
–
–
–
9.3
5.0
17.3
–
–
7.4
4.5
10.0
–
15.7
–
–
–
9.3
5.0
17.3
–
–
Professional specialty and technical ............................
Professional specialty ...................................................
5 ......................................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
11 ......................................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .....................
Natural scientists ......................................................
Health related ...........................................................
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Registered nurses ................................................
7 ......................................................................
8 ......................................................................
9 ......................................................................
Teachers, college and university ..............................
9 ......................................................................
10 ......................................................................
Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..
Teachers, except college and university ..................
5 ......................................................................
Elementary school teachers .................................
Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...........................
Social scientists and urban planners ........................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................
Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and
professionals, n.e.c. ............................................
Technical ......................................................................
5 ......................................................................
20.63
22.29
10.25
22.72
22.04
21.03
18.35
22.76
34.09
21.83
–
–
24.04
19.19
22.55
21.76
20.37
21.77
22.69
20.72
20.37
23.13
25.94
36.41
21.61
16.93
9.96
18.49
16.58
–
–
13.39
4.9
5.0
6.6
13.3
5.6
5.5
4.8
23.0
8.9
10.1
–
–
5.7
2.6
4.9
4.3
2.9
3.5
4.7
2.6
2.9
5.4
3.3
11.7
.9
8.6
7.6
14.1
13.3
–
–
18.4
21.66
24.09
10.72
18.99
22.32
22.45
20.55
24.45
34.17
–
–
–
24.33
19.19
22.55
21.96
20.57
21.96
22.69
20.91
20.57
28.76
25.94
–
–
10.97
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.9
5.6
12.1
2.7
5.2
4.2
2.9
33.4
9.6
–
–
–
5.8
2.6
4.9
4.3
3.0
3.5
4.7
2.6
3.0
17.4
3.3
–
–
10.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.75
18.13
–
–
–
13.78
16.62
19.46
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.39
–
–
–
17.20
–
–
16.92
–
–
–
6.9
7.0
–
–
–
9.3
5.1
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.4
–
–
–
8.9
–
–
12.9
–
–
–
26.51
13.94
15.13
23.3
7.9
3.1
26.51
13.98
15.13
23.3
8.8
3.1
–
13.67
–
–
13.5
–
See footnotes at end of table.
39
Table 4-3. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 part-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Professional specialty and technical –Continued
Technical –Continued
6 ......................................................................
7 ......................................................................
Licensed practical nurses .....................................
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ........
$14.42
15.92
15.49
13.55
2.5
4.3
2.2
4.6
–
–
$15.74
13.55
–
–
1.8
4.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................
Executives, administrators, and managers ...............
Management related .................................................
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sales ................................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ........................
1 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Cashiers ...............................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
7.42
6.42
7.62
7.38
7.26
6.57
8.12
6.91
6.41
7.55
4.9
3.3
6.8
8.3
6.5
1.5
14.2
4.3
6.2
7.9
7.42
6.42
7.63
7.38
7.26
6.57
8.12
6.91
6.40
7.57
4.9
3.3
6.9
8.3
6.5
1.5
14.2
4.3
6.2
8.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Administrative support, including clerical ...................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Secretaries ...........................................................
Library clerks ........................................................
General office clerks .............................................
1 ......................................................................
Administrative support, n.e.c. ...............................
10.68
6.94
9.47
9.41
8.64
10.19
7.87
8.61
7.22
8.77
10.9
2.3
4.4
3.5
7.5
5.2
16.6
8.3
3.0
10.6
10.91
7.10
9.24
9.23
8.65
–
–
9.02
–
10.32
11.1
2.3
5.0
3.4
7.8
–
–
8.6
–
9.9
$8.61
6.41
10.26
–
–
–
7.87
7.19
–
–
8.2
4.5
8.1
–
–
–
16.6
5.7
–
–
Blue collar ...........................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
8.32
6.26
10.97
9.87
11.1
1.6
21.2
10.4
8.05
6.26
10.95
–
12.2
1.6
22.5
–
11.98
–
–
11.45
7.4
–
–
5.8
Precision production, craft, and repair ........................
–
–
–
–
–
–
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........
–
–
–
–
–
–
Transportation and material moving ............................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Bus drivers ............................................................
3 ......................................................................
10.97
11.02
10.31
13.34
11.82
18.9
24.8
12.0
21.8
4.9
10.69
10.97
–
–
–
23.2
26.5
–
–
–
12.39
–
–
13.07
–
7.3
–
–
6.0
–
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
1 ......................................................................
Stock handlers and baggers .................................
1 ......................................................................
6.75
6.25
6.43
6.17
3.8
2.1
2.4
1.6
6.74
6.25
6.43
6.17
3.9
2.1
2.4
1.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Service .................................................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Protective service .....................................................
3 ......................................................................
Crossing guards ...................................................
Guards and police, except public service .............
Food service .............................................................
6.79
6.48
5.57
7.70
8.60
7.68
7.28
7.05
7.62
6.06
3.2
2.0
9.8
6.0
4.9
8.0
11.4
5.8
10.0
3.4
6.60
6.41
5.04
7.50
8.55
7.58
–
–
7.58
5.91
3.5
1.7
10.5
6.4
5.2
10.1
–
–
10.1
3.7
White collar –Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
40
7.94
6.80
9.37
9.77
–
7.97
–
7.05
–
8.15
5.4
6.9
5.0
6.5
–
9.5
–
5.8
–
12.3
Table 4-3. Selected occupations1 and levels,2 part-time workers:3 Mean hourly earnings,4 private industry and
State and local government, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998 — Continued
Total
Occupation and level
Service –Continued
Food service –Continued
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Waiters and waitresses ........................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................
Food preparation, n.e.c. .......................................
1 ......................................................................
Health service ...........................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ...............
3 ......................................................................
4 ......................................................................
Cleaning and building service ...................................
1 ......................................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...........................................
1 ......................................................................
Personal service .......................................................
1 ......................................................................
2 ......................................................................
3 ......................................................................
Child care workers, n.e.c. .....................................
1 ......................................................................
Service, n.e.c. .......................................................
Private industry
State and local
government
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$6.39
4.67
7.05
3.29
8.47
6.54
6.35
9.17
8.94
9.22
9.25
9.16
9.22
9.25
7.14
6.52
7.36
6.55
6.90
6.75
7.24
6.86
7.41
6.84
7.34
1.9
13.0
9.3
6.9
5.9
3.4
1.9
5.3
6.1
8.2
4.3
5.6
8.2
4.3
6.9
3.6
9.5
4.9
3.5
7.3
8.1
4.3
9.2
11.8
5.7
$6.37
4.52
6.23
3.29
8.47
–
–
9.13
–
9.23
9.25
9.17
9.23
9.25
6.75
6.52
6.86
6.55
6.54
–
–
6.64
–
–
–
1.8
13.3
9.2
6.9
5.9
–
–
5.6
–
8.2
4.3
5.6
8.2
4.3
5.1
3.6
7.4
4.9
2.3
–
–
4.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$7.92
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.44
6.86
9.05
–
7.41
6.84
–
–
–
–
–
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.7
11.0
4.8
–
9.3
11.8
–
1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more
information.
2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work
environment, etc. Points are assigned based on the occupation’s rank within
each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the
occupation. See appendices C and D for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall
occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
41
Table 5-1. Selected worker characteristics: Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group,2 National
Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Private industry and State and local government
Occupational group
Full-time
workers3
Part-time
workers3
Union4
Nonunion4
Time5
Incentive5
Mean
All occupations .......................................................................
All excluding sales ........................................................
$19.50
19.58
$10.13
10.59
$19.21
19.32
$18.22
18.45
$18.67
18.86
$16.69
15.74
White collar .........................................................................
White-collar excluding sales .........................................
23.06
23.60
13.63
16.67
24.19
24.82
21.81
22.72
22.49
23.24
17.53
16.32
Professional specialty and technical .................................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Technical ......................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .......................
Sales .................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..........................
27.51
29.93
19.72
30.15
17.88
13.36
20.63
22.29
13.94
–
7.42
10.68
31.94
34.43
18.69
25.33
–
14.63
25.42
27.50
19.47
30.49
15.81
12.64
26.97
29.31
19.34
30.50
14.24
13.16
–
–
–
–
17.89
12.39
Blue collar ...........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
17.07
20.54
15.71
16.81
11.62
8.32
–
–
10.97
6.75
18.28
21.41
17.82
17.57
11.96
13.57
19.01
11.02
12.52
8.76
16.58
20.54
15.55
15.70
10.57
16.74
20.30
–
16.00
–
Service .................................................................................
11.06
6.79
13.59
7.93
10.03
–
Relative error6 (percent)
All occupations .......................................................................
All excluding sales ........................................................
1.9
1.9
5.0
5.6
2.2
2.2
2.7
2.8
1.9
1.9
7.0
8.2
White collar .........................................................................
White-collar excluding sales .........................................
2.3
2.3
5.4
5.3
4.3
4.3
2.7
2.7
2.2
2.3
8.1
14.5
Professional specialty and technical .................................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Technical ......................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .......................
Sales .................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..........................
2.4
2.5
3.2
4.2
7.2
2.5
4.9
5.0
7.9
–
4.9
10.9
4.2
4.2
6.4
6.3
–
3.5
2.8
3.0
3.7
4.5
7.7
2.8
2.3
2.4
3.3
4.3
8.9
2.4
–
–
–
–
9.8
6.9
Blue collar ...........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
2.0
1.8
3.1
4.0
3.9
11.1
–
–
18.9
3.8
2.2
2.2
3.1
4.1
5.2
4.1
2.9
5.5
9.5
7.2
2.1
1.9
3.3
4.4
3.9
8.0
3.4
–
17.4
–
Service .................................................................................
3.7
3.2
4.2
3.1
3.5
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is
used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through
collective bargaining.
5 Time workers’ wages are based solely on an hourly rate or salary;
incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on
productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria.
42
Table 5-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group,2 private industry, National Compensation
Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Full-time and part-time workers
Goods-producing industries3
Occupational group
All private
industries
Total
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Service-producing industries4
Total
TransportFinance,
Wholesale
ation and
insurance,
and retail
public utiland real
trade
ities
estate
Services
Mean
All occupations .............................................................
All excluding sales ..............................................
$18.05
18.26
$21.74
21.69
–
–
–
–
$21.68
21.64
–
–
–
–
–
–
$17.83
18.13
$15.45
15.35
White collar ...............................................................
White-collar excluding sales ...............................
21.58
22.61
29.43
29.69
–
–
–
–
29.49
29.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.04
18.37
19.60
19.65
Professional specialty and technical .......................
Professional specialty .........................................
Technical ............................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .............
Sales .......................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ................
25.68
27.91
20.03
30.59
15.35
13.14
29.40
31.09
23.84
37.77
24.47
16.04
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
29.40
31.09
23.85
38.15
24.48
16.08
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
24.91
26.52
–
24.70
13.74
12.35
22.60
24.93
17.24
25.42
18.66
12.13
Blue collar .................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....
Transportation and material moving .......................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
16.64
20.65
15.55
16.28
17.84
21.70
15.90
19.80
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17.59
21.46
15.88
19.52
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.81
16.01
7.35
8.02
10.42
13.09
–
–
12.83
–
–
–
–
10.87
Service .......................................................................
8.31
16.40
–
–
16.40
–
–
–
–
8.02
Relative error5 (percent)
All occupations .............................................................
All excluding sales ..............................................
2.1
2.2
2.9
3.0
–
–
–
–
3.0
3.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.1
7.4
4.6
4.5
White collar ...............................................................
White-collar excluding sales ...............................
2.7
2.7
3.2
3.2
–
–
–
–
3.3
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.4
7.6
3.7
3.7
Professional specialty and technical .......................
Professional specialty .........................................
Technical ............................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .............
Sales .......................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ................
2.5
2.7
3.1
4.7
7.2
2.9
3.2
3.3
3.4
5.6
8.7
5.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.2
3.3
3.4
5.6
8.9
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.4
12.7
–
8.8
6.0
4.7
3.7
4.1
4.8
5.0
12.9
4.2
Blue collar .................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....
Transportation and material moving .......................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
2.2
1.9
3.2
5.2
2.4
1.8
3.2
3.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.5
1.9
3.2
3.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.3
5.1
8.7
8.8
4.1
5.9
–
–
5.9
–
–
–
–
10.0
Service .......................................................................
2.9
5.9
–
–
5.9
–
–
–
–
2.9
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover
all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information.
3 Goods-producing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Service-producing industries include transportation and public utilities; wholesale
and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
43
Table 5-3. Establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings1 by occupational group,2 private
industry, National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Full-time and part-time workers
100 workers or more
Occupational group
All private
industry
workers
50 - 99
workers
Total
100 - 499
workers
500
workers or
more
Mean
All occupations .......................................................................
All excluding sales ........................................................
$18.05
18.26
$14.70
14.56
$18.61
18.81
$16.01
16.05
$20.66
20.84
White collar .........................................................................
White-collar excluding sales .........................................
21.58
22.61
17.99
18.93
22.20
23.12
20.23
21.35
23.74
24.31
Professional specialty and technical .................................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Technical ......................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .......................
Sales .................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..........................
25.68
27.91
20.03
30.59
15.35
13.14
25.26
29.28
20.72
26.53
15.61
11.26
25.71
27.83
19.94
31.28
15.24
13.54
25.76
28.76
19.57
30.32
15.58
12.98
25.69
27.41
20.19
31.80
14.33
14.17
Blue collar ...........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
16.64
20.65
15.55
16.28
10.42
13.87
18.06
10.92
14.99
8.09
16.99
21.10
15.81
16.50
11.03
13.36
18.25
11.60
12.51
10.03
19.66
22.92
18.99
18.64
12.25
Service .................................................................................
8.31
7.24
8.61
7.87
9.37
Relative error3 (percent)
All occupations .......................................................................
All excluding sales ........................................................
2.1
2.2
6.6
6.7
2.3
2.4
4.4
4.7
2.5
2.5
White collar .........................................................................
White-collar excluding sales .........................................
2.7
2.7
8.1
8.8
2.9
2.8
5.5
5.6
3.0
3.0
Professional specialty and technical .................................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Technical ......................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .......................
Sales .................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..........................
2.5
2.7
3.1
4.7
7.2
2.9
7.8
7.1
7.1
11.5
16.9
4.2
2.6
2.8
3.4
5.2
7.5
3.2
6.2
6.9
7.1
9.5
9.7
5.0
2.4
2.4
3.2
6.2
12.2
3.7
Blue collar ...........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
2.2
1.9
3.2
5.2
4.1
7.4
7.3
10.0
14.2
6.2
2.3
2.0
3.3
5.4
4.5
4.7
3.7
5.9
15.7
6.4
2.1
1.8
2.6
4.2
7.3
Service .................................................................................
2.9
6.8
3.4
3.7
5.3
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments,
and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed
by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. See
appendix B for more information.
3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a
"confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information
about RSEs, see appendix A.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did
not meet publication criteria.
44
Appendix A: Technical Note
T
his section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained
in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for
the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing
the data. Although this section answers some questions
commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive
description of all the steps required to produce the data.
Sample design
The sample for this survey area was selected using a twostage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample
selection was a probability sample of establishments. The
sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the
sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of
sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each
sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a
probability proportional to its employment. Use of this
technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were
applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated
so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy which were not selected for
collection. See appendix table 1 for a count of establishments in the survey by employment size. The second stage
of sample selection, detailed below, was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled establishment.
Planning for the survey
The overall design of the survey includes questions of
scope, frame, and sample selection.
Survey scope
This survey covered establishments employing 50 workers
or more in goods-producing industries (mining, construction and manufacturing); service-producing industries
(transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary
services; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance,
and real estate; and services industries); and State and local
governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey an establishment is an
economic unit that produces goods or services, a central
administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing support
services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment is usually at a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is
defined as all locations of a government entity.
The Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Genesee, Lapeer, Lenawee, Livingston,
Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, Washtenaw, and
Wayne Counties, MI.
Data collection
The collection of data from survey respondents required
detailed procedures. Field economists collected the data,
working out of the Regional Office and visiting each establishment surveyed. Other contact methods, such as mail
and telephone, were used to follow-up and update data.
Occupational selection and classification
Identification of the occupations for which wage data were
to be collected was a multi-step process:
1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs
2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the
Census of Population system
3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time,
union v. nonunion, and time v. incentive
4. Determination of the level of work of each job
Sampling frame
The list of establishments from which the survey sample
was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State
unemployment insurance reports. Due to the volatility of
industries within the private sector, sampling frames were
developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. The sampling
frame was reviewed prior to the survey and, when necessary, missing establishments were added, out-of-business
and out-of-scope establishments were removed, and addresses, employment levels, industry classification, and
other information were updated.
For each occupation, wage data were collected for those
workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three
steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for
which a correct classification or level could not be determined.
A-1
In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each
establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal
visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling,
with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment.
As with the selection of establishments, the selection of
a job was based on probability proportional to its size in
the establishment. The greater the number of people
working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance
of selection.
The number of jobs collected in each establishment was
based on an establishment’s employment size as shown in
the following schedule:
Number
of employees
50-99
100-249
250-999
1000-2,499
2,500+
Number
of selected jobs
8
10
12
16
20
The second step of the process entailed classifying the
selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. The
National Compensation Survey occupational classification
system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational
classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. In
cases where a job’s duties overlapped two or more census
classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level
were used to classify the job. Classification by primary
duties was the fallback.
Each occupational classification is an element of a
broader classification known as a major occupational group
(MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following
MOGs:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Professional specialty and technical
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Sales
Administrative support including clerical
Precision production, craft, and repair
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors
Transportation and material moving
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers
Service occupations
Appendix B contains a complete list of all individual
occupations, classified by the MOG to which they belong.
In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen
worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as
holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then the worker
was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on
the actual production of the worker, rather than solely on
A-2
hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being
in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of
Terms” section on the following page for more detail.
Generic leveling through point factor analysis
In the last step before wage data were collected, the work
level of each selected job was determined using a “generic
leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and compares all
occupations randomly selected in an establishment using
the same criteria. This is a major departure from the
method used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational
Compensation Surveys which studied specifically defined
occupations with leveling definitions unique to each occupation.
For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10
leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the
U.S. Government Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for
evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The
tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the
effect of supervisory duties. It is considered experimental.
The 10 factors are:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Knowledge
Supervision received
Guidelines
Complexity
Scope and effect
Personal contacts
Purpose of contacts
Physical demands
Work environment
Supervisory duties
Each factor contains a number of levels and each level
has an associated written description and point value. The
number and range of points differ among the factors. For
each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on
which written description best matched the job. Within
each occupation, the points for nine factors (supervisory
duties was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total
determines the overall level of the occupation. Appendix
table 3 presents average work levels for published occupational groups and selected occupations. A description of
the levels for each factor is shown in appendix C.
Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the
survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are
shown in appendix D. It also includes an example of a job
with its associated leveling factors, and a guide to help data
users evaluate jobs in their firms
Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers
using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic
level factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis
showed that several of the generic level factors, most nota-
bly knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power for wages. That is, as the levels within a
given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed
research continues in the area and will be published by
BLS in the future.
Collection period
Survey data were collected over a 13-month period for 60
metropolitan areas in the NCS program. For 20 small metropolitan areas, data were collected over a 4-month period.
For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the
establishment’s most recent information at the time of collection. The payroll reference month shown in the tables
reflects the average date of this information for all sample
units.
Earnings
Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time
hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings:
·
·
·
·
·
Incentive pay, including commissions, production
bonuses, and piece rates
Cost-of-living allowances
Hazard pay
Payments of income deferred due to participation
in a salary reduction plan
Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight
or passengers
The following forms of payments were not considered
part of straight-time earnings:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for
working a schedule that varies from the norm, such
as night or weekend work
Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends
Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g.,
Christmas and profit-sharing bonuses)
Uniform and tool allowances
Free room and board
Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses
given by manufacturers to department store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate)
On-call pay
To calculate earnings for various time periods (hourly,
weekly, and annual), data on work schedules were also
collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per
day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded.
Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried
workers, exempt from overtime provisions, often work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical number of
hours actually worked was collected.
A-3
Definition of terms
Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time.
Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,
at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.
Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description in the technical
note and the example for more details on the leveling process.)
Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not
meeting the conditions for union coverage (see below).
Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time.
Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for
the job.
Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are
tied to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of
production.
Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation
when all of the following conditions are met:
·
·
·
A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation
Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations
Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining agreement
Processing and analyzing the data
Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National
Office following collection.
Weighting and nonresponse
Sample weights were calculated for each establishment and
occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of
the establishment within the sample universe. Weights
were used to aggregate the individual establishments or occupations into the various data series. Some of the establishments surveyed could not supply or refused to supply
information. If data were not provided by a sample member, the weights of responding sample members in the same
or similar “cells” were adjusted to account for the missing
data. This technique assumes that the mean value of the
nonrespondents equals the mean value of the respondents at
some detailed “cell” level. Responding and nonresponding
establishments were classified into these cells according to
industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments
were classified into cells that were additionally defined by
major occupation group and job level.
Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights
changed to zero. If only partial data were given by a sample establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the
response was treated as a refusal.
Survey response
Total in sample
Responding
Out of business or not in
survey scope
Unable or refused to provide data
Establishments
574
385
35
154
Some surveys may have a high nonresponse rate for the
all industries or private industry iterations. Such instances
are noted in the bulletin table footnotes.
Estimation
The wage series in the tables are computed by combining
the wages for each sampled occupation. Before being
combined, individual wage rates are weighted by number of
workers; the sample weight adjusted for nonresponding
establishments and other factors; and the occupation work
schedule, varying depending on whether hourly, weekly, or
annual rates are being calculated.
Not all calculated series met the criteria for publication.
Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make
sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented publishing a series that
could have revealed information about a specific establishment.
Estimates of the number of workers represent the total
in all establishments within the scope of the study and not
the number actually surveyed. Because occupational
structures among establishments differ, estimates of the
A-4
number of workers obtained from the sample of establishments serve only to indicate the relative importance of the
occupational groups studied.
Data reliability
The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically
selected probability sample. There are two types of errors
possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling
and nonsampling.
Sampling errors occur because observations come only
from a sample and not from an entire population. The
sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible
samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different
samples would differ from each other.
A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all
possible samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the
standard error divided by the estimate. RSE data are provided alongside the earnings in the bulletin tables.
The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example,
suppose a table shows that mean hourly earnings for all
workers was $12.79 with a relative standard error of 3.6
percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is $13.55 to $12.03 (1.645
times 3.6 percent = 5.922 percent times $12.27, plus or minus $0.76). If all possible samples were selected to estimate the population value, the interval from each sample
would include the true population value approximately 90
percent of the time.
Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They
can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey
definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct
information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data
obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all
survey areas will be used in the development of a formal
quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling
error. Although they were not specifically measured, the
nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the
extensive training of the field economists who gathered the
survey data by personal visit, computer edits of the data,
and detailed data review.
Appendix table 1. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, by occupational group,2
National Compensation Survey, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Full-time and part-time workers
Occupational group
Total
Private industry
State and local
government
All occupations .......................................................................
All excluding sales ........................................................
1,365,600
1,280,200
1,115,400
1,030,300
250,200
249,900
White collar .........................................................................
White-collar excluding sales .........................................
701,300
615,800
538,300
453,100
163,000
162,700
Professional specialty and technical .................................
Professional specialty ...................................................
Technical ......................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .......................
Sales .................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..........................
319,000
251,300
67,700
108,000
85,500
188,800
210,400
152,900
57,500
93,600
85,200
149,200
108,700
98,400
10,200
14,400
–
39,700
Blue collar ...........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..............
Transportation and material moving .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ......
446,100
140,300
178,100
59,700
68,100
418,500
130,000
177,300
47,600
63,500
27,600
10,200
–
12,100
4,600
Service .................................................................................
218,200
158,700
59,600
1 The number of workers represented by the survey are
rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers
provide a description of size and composition of the labor force
included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for
comparison to other statistical series to measure employment
trends or levels. Both full-time and part-time workers were
included in the survey.
2 A classification system including about 480 individual
occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.
See appendix B for more information.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data
did not meet publication criteria.
A-5
Appendix table 2. Number of establishments represented by survey and the number studied by industry division and
establishment employment size, Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI, July 1998
Number of establishments studied
Industry
All industries .......................................................................................
Private industry ...............................................................................
Goods-producing industries ........................................................
Mining .....................................................................................
Construction ...........................................................................
Manufacturing .........................................................................
Service-producing industries ......................................................
Tranportation and public utilities .............................................
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................
Finance, insurance and real estate ........................................
Services ..................................................................................
State and local government ............................................................
Number of
establishments repreTotal studied
sented1
6,300
6,000
1,800
(2)
200
1,600
4,200
300
2,000
300
1,600
300
1 Number of establishments represented by the survey rounded to the nearest 100.
2 Number of establishments represented by the survey is fewer than 50.
373
321
124
2
6
116
197
15
48
17
117
52
100 workers or more
50 - 99
workers
100 - 499
workers
Total
73
72
17
2
3
12
55
4
21
2
28
1
300
249
107
–
132
115
40
–
3
104
142
11
27
15
89
51
500 workers
or more
168
134
67
–
2
38
75
8
14
6
47
17
1
66
67
3
13
9
42
34
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry
groups may include data for categories not shown separately.
A-6