Virginia Beach–Norfolk–
Newport News, VA–NC
National Compensation Survey
July 2007
_________________________________________________________________________________________
U.S. Department of Labor
Elaine L. Chao, Secretary
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Keith Hall, Commissioner
March 2008
Preface
D
Division of Compensation Data Analysis and Planning, 2
Massachusetts Avenue, NE., Room 4175, Washington, DC
20212–0001, call (202) 691–6199, or send an e-mail to
[email protected].
The data contained in this bulletin are also available at
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/compub.htm, the BLS Internet site. Data are presented in a Portable Document Format
(PDF) file containing the core bulletin, and in an ASCII file
containing the published table formats.
Results of earlier surveys of this area are available from
BLS regional offices, the Division of Compensation Data
Analysis and Planning, or at the BLS Internet site.
Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and,
with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission. This information will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202)
691–5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–8339.
ata shown in this bulletin were collected as part of the
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Compensation Survey (NCS). The survey could not have been conducted without the cooperation of the many private establishments and government agencies that provided pay data
included in this bulletin. The Bureau thanks these respondents for their cooperation.
Field economists of the Bureau of Labor Statistics collected and reviewed the survey data. The Office of Compensation and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the
Office of Field Operations and the Office of Technology
and Survey Processing in the BLS National Office, designed the survey, processed the data, and prepared the
survey for publication.
For additional information regarding this survey, please
contact any BLS regional office at the address and telephone number listed on the back cover of this bulletin.
You may also write to the Bureau of Labor Statistics at:
iii
Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................
1
Tables:
1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for selected worker
and establishment characteristics..................................................................................................
2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time and part-time workers
by work levels...............................................................................................................................
5. Combined work levels for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings for full-time
and part-time workers ...................................................................................................................
6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles...................................................................................
7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles ......................................................................
8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................
9. Full-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................................
10. Part-time civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles ....................................................................
11. Full-time civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
12. Full-time private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
13. Full-time State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours ................................................................................
14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings of private industry establishments
for major occupational groups......................................................................................................
15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers ....................
16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual
earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time private industry workers ....................
17. Union and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups ..................
18. Time and incentive workers: Mean hourly earnings for major occupational groups ....................
19. Industry sector: Mean hourly earnings for private industry workers
by major occupational group ........................................................................................................
3
4
8
11
13
17
19
21
22
24
25
28
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Appendixes:
A. Technical Note...............................................................................................................................
Appendix table 1. Number of workers represented by the survey ................................................
Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response ........................................................................
B. Standard Occupational Classification System................................................................................
v
A–1
A–5
A–6
B–1
Introduction
T
About the tables
The tables that follow present data on straight-time occupational earnings, which include wages and salaries, incentive
pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. These
earnings exclude premium pay for overtime, vacations,
holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. About 800 detailed occupations, listed in Appendix B, are used to describe all occupations in the civilian nonfarm economy (excluding the Federal Government and private households).
Data are not shown for any occupations if they would raise
concerns about the confidentiality of the survey respondents or if the data are insufficient to support reliable estimates.
Table 1 presents an overview of all tables in this bulletin. Mean hourly earnings, weekly hours, and relative standard errors are given for all industries, private industry, and
State and local government for selected worker and establishment characteristics. The worker characteristics include
high-level and intermediate occupational aggregation, fulltime or part-time status, union or nonunion status, and time
or incentive pay. Establishment characteristics include
goods producing, service providing, and size of establishment.
Table 2 presents mean hourly earnings data by work
level for occupational major groups and for detailed occupations. Separate data are also shown for full-time and
part-time workers. Table 3 provides work level data for
private industry workers. Table 4 provides similar data for
State and local government workers. Table 5 simplifies the
work levels by combining them into broader groups within
major and detailed occupations, and for full-time and parttime workers.
Tables 6 through 10 present hourly wage percentiles
that describe the distribution of hourly earnings for individual workers within each published occupation. Data are
provided for the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles
for detailed occupations within all industries, private industry, State and local government, full-time workers, and
part-time workers.
Table 11 presents mean and median hourly, weekly, and
annual earnings, and the associated hours, for major occupational groups and detailed occupations for full-time
workers. Table 12 provides the same type of information
for private industry workers. Table 13 provides similar
data for State and local government workers.
Table 14 presents mean hourly earnings data for establishment employment sizes by high-level occupational aggregations in the private sector. Tables 15 and 16 provide
he tables in this bulletin summarize the NCS results for
the Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport News, VA–NC,
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Data were collected
between December 2006 and January 2008; the average
reference month is July 2007. Tabulations provide information on earnings of workers in a variety of occupations
and at different work levels. Also contained in this bulletin
are information on the program, a technical note describing
survey procedures, and an appendix with detailed information on occupational classifications.
Most of the earnings estimates in this bulletin are presented as mean hourly earnings. Mean weekly and annual
earnings, and the corresponding hours, also are provided
for full-time employees in specific occupations. Some occupations, such as teachers and fire fighters, typically have
shorter or longer work schedules than do the majority of
full-time workers. The weekly and annual estimates are
useful for comparing the earnings of occupations having
different work schedules.
NCS products
The Bureau’s National Compensation Survey provides
comprehensive measures of occupational earnings, compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and detailed plan
provisions. The Employment Cost Index, a quarterly
measure of the change in employer costs for wages and
benefits, is derived from the NCS. Employer Costs for
Employee Compensation measures employers’ average
hourly costs for wages and benefits. NCS also measures
the incidence and provisions of benefit plans. This bulletin
is limited to data on occupational wages and salaries.
Changes to the publications
The locality wage publications are undergoing a number of
significant changes. Please see the bulletins published between September 2006 and July 2007 for information on
earlier changes.
The areas covered by the publications are currently being updated to the December 2003 definitions of Combined
Statistical Areas, Metropolitan Statistical Areas, and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, as determined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB). This bulletin includes a new State and local government sample that
reflects the new area definition.
In appendix table 2, the total numbers of establishments
in the sampling frame are now benchmarked to the latest
available establishment counts, adjusted for establishments
that are out of scope for NCS.
1
high-level occupational aggregation. Table 19 presents
mean hourly earnings data for major industry divisions
within the private sector.
Appendix table 1 presents the number of workers represented by the survey, by high-level occupational aggregation and for all industries, private industry, and State and
local government. Appendix table 2 provides the number
of establishments in the sampling frame and the number of
responding and nonresponding establishments.
mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings data
for full-time employees in private establishments with
fewer than 100 workers, and in private establishments with
100 workers or more.
Table 17 presents mean hourly earnings data for union
and nonunion workers in all, private, and State and local
government establishments by high-level occupational aggregation. Table 18 provides hourly earnings data for time
and incentive workers in all and private establishments by
2
Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Civilian
workers
Worker and establishment
characteristics
Private industry
workers
Hourly earnings
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
$16.24
2.9
Management, professional, and related ...........
Management, business, and financial ..........
Professional and related ...............................
Service ..............................................................
Sales and office ................................................
Sales and related ..........................................
Office and administrative support .................
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance ...................................................
Construction and extraction .........................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ............
Production, transportation, and material
moving ............................................................
Production ....................................................
Transportation and material moving .............
26.09
31.55
23.77
10.14
13.18
12.63
13.59
State and local government
workers
Hourly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
33.7
$15.16
3.3
5.1
9.2
4.4
5.9
4.6
10.0
1.9
36.1
39.3
34.9
28.0
33.0
32.0
33.9
24.99
30.51
21.84
8.88
12.91
12.57
13.20
16.14
16.08
16.25
5.7
8.5
3.8
38.1
38.2
38.0
13.48
16.81
11.03
9.2
14.1
9.7
Full time ............................................................
Part time ...........................................................
18.01
9.72
Union ................................................................
Nonunion ..........................................................
Time ..................................................................
Incentive ...........................................................
Hourly earnings
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
weekly
hours3
Mean
Relative
error2
(percent)
33.3
$22.32
3.8
36.0
7.2
10.2
6.5
5.5
5.1
10.2
1.8
36.5
39.4
35.0
26.8
32.7
31.9
33.4
28.67
37.82
27.15
16.59
15.86
–
15.84
4.7
22.7
3.4
10.5
6.1
–
6.2
35.3
38.8
34.8
36.0
36.9
–
36.6
16.11
15.99
16.34
6.6
9.9
4.1
37.9
37.9
37.7
16.32
16.60
–
7.1
9.0
–
40.0
40.0
–
36.6
39.6
34.7
13.46
16.81
10.88
9.4
14.1
10.2
36.8
39.6
34.9
13.98
–
13.98
3.3
–
3.3
30.8
–
30.8
2.7
5.7
39.4
21.9
16.90
9.60
3.3
5.9
39.7
22.1
23.05
12.12
4.0
14.1
38.3
19.4
17.03
16.20
7.6
2.9
36.1
33.6
17.03
15.02
7.6
3.4
36.1
33.1
–
22.32
–
3.8
–
36.0
16.08
21.07
3.0
9.4
33.5
39.1
14.91
21.07
3.5
9.4
33.1
39.1
22.32
–
3.8
–
36.0
–
Goods producing ..............................................
Service providing ..............................................
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
19.09
–
7.6
–
39.0
–
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
1-99 workers .....................................................
100-499 workers ...............................................
500 workers or more .........................................
13.41
15.51
22.25
4.4
8.4
4.5
31.9
35.2
36.2
13.38
14.73
21.38
4.6
9.1
7.5
31.8
34.9
37.0
–
21.03
23.47
–
6.4
4.1
–
37.5
35.3
All workers ..........................................................
Worker characteristics4,5
Establishment characteristics
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium
pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is
computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,
weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week,
exclusive of overtime.
4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based
on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are
determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on
hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially
based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production
bonuses.
5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing
industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
3
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$16.24
2.9
$18.01
2.7
$9.72
5.7
Management occupations .................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
36.32
36.40
33.22
28.80
11.5
3.3
5.3
5.0
36.69
36.40
34.61
28.11
11.9
3.3
5.2
5.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Level 9 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists ...................................................................
Accountants and auditors .................................................
25.23
24.82
23.60
20.75
3.4
3.8
5.2
9.9
25.38
25.47
23.63
20.75
3.5
4.3
5.4
9.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.97
25.07
15.0
2.7
27.97
25.53
15.0
3.0
–
–
–
–
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
Not able to be leveled .......................................
22.49
21.61
11.0
11.5
22.49
21.61
11.0
11.5
–
–
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Level 9 .............................................................
Engineers .........................................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters ..........................
26.31
29.52
30.85
27.68
23.00
8.5
5.1
3.6
6.1
13.8
26.31
29.52
30.85
27.68
23.00
8.5
5.1
3.6
6.1
13.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
Counselors .......................................................................
18.13
21.01
12.3
20.5
18.33
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
27.89
12.75
12.70
21.87
32.46
28.90
32.80
36.00
26.10
3.8
2.8
12.4
2.7
1.8
28.3
12.4
13.7
18.5
29.51
12.75
–
–
32.46
–
35.92
–
–
3.2
2.8
–
–
1.8
–
8.7
–
–
14.65
–
–
–
–
–
15.25
–
–
15.6
–
–
–
–
–
32.8
–
–
31.82
32.12
31.32
31.82
1.3
.9
2.7
3.0
31.82
32.12
31.32
31.82
1.3
.9
2.7
3.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30.54
30.91
1.4
2.1
30.54
30.91
1.4
2.1
–
–
–
–
32.99
33.89
31.87
31.99
4.6
2.8
2.1
1.8
32.99
33.89
31.87
31.99
4.6
2.8
2.1
1.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.43
31.55
14.96
12.37
12.75
1.6
1.6
13.7
.1
2.8
31.43
31.55
–
12.37
12.75
1.6
1.6
–
.1
2.8
–
–
13.65
–
–
–
–
19.0
–
–
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
26.56
7.9
27.35
6.8
–
–
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Registered nurses ............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
22.80
12.66
16.85
21.83
28.29
24.12
24.82
26.21
13.0
9.8
3.5
4.1
3.0
6.0
2.9
1.3
22.43
12.66
16.85
21.19
27.52
23.28
24.48
–
14.9
9.8
3.5
3.1
2.7
7.0
2.2
–
26.94
–
–
–
33.22
27.45
–
28.38
9.4
–
–
–
10.7
1.5
–
1.6
See footnotes at end of table.
4
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
–Continued
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support
technicians ..................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
$12.33
16.39
8.7
1.0
$12.33
16.31
8.7
1.4
–
–
–
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Level 3 .............................................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
11.51
9.60
11.15
10.23
9.57
10.86
10.47
10.86
10.95
5.6
4.4
4.3
3.6
4.7
2.0
1.2
2.0
8.6
12.23
–
10.98
10.68
–
10.97
10.68
10.97
–
9.4
–
2.0
.8
–
2.2
.8
2.2
–
$10.05
9.46
–
9.52
–
–
10.01
–
–
9.5
5.6
–
4.9
–
–
1.5
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Security guards .............................................................
13.23
17.91
19.81
19.81
8.87
8.87
11.7
4.0
5.1
5.1
4.6
4.6
14.73
17.91
19.81
19.81
9.46
9.46
11.2
4.0
5.1
5.1
5.9
5.9
8.00
–
–
–
–
–
4.7
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
8.41
7.68
6.03
7.83
8.43
3.09
3.21
2.35
6.97
7.67
8.5
12.5
4.0
1.8
18.6
13.1
24.6
7.5
5.2
9.0
9.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.15
7.51
6.58
7.83
9.39
3.44
2.19
–
6.77
7.67
15.8
13.6
7.8
1.8
28.1
36.6
6.4
–
6.4
9.0
6.95
7.63
5.2
9.5
–
–
–
–
6.75
7.63
6.6
9.5
11.41
12.74
11.28
12.74
8.8
26.2
10.0
26.2
11.36
–
11.14
–
7.8
–
9.6
–
11.51
–
11.51
–
21.2
–
21.2
–
11.92
14.5
12.51
19.0
11.51
21.2
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Level 1 .............................................................
Recreation and fitness workers ........................................
Recreation workers .......................................................
7.53
6.94
10.86
10.79
10.9
3.3
9.6
10.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.05
6.85
9.03
–
6.0
3.9
7.3
–
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
12.63
6.79
7.80
10.26
12.76
17.85
26.68
16.58
16.17
9.54
6.79
7.67
10.42
11.53
8.82
8.13
10.0
5.8
6.5
3.9
11.6
5.7
43.5
6.0
5.9
2.8
5.8
7.0
4.2
2.6
4.4
6.9
14.25
–
–
10.65
13.18
17.85
–
16.58
16.17
10.39
–
–
10.83
11.80
–
–
10.5
–
–
5.0
13.6
5.7
–
6.0
5.9
4.1
–
–
5.4
3.6
–
–
8.10
6.49
8.08
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.98
6.49
7.76
–
–
7.71
7.75
5.3
3.8
4.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
3.8
2.3
–
–
4.1
2.6
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
5
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Sales and related occupations –Continued
Cashiers, all workers –Continued
Level 3 .............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
$11.13
8.82
8.13
11.13
10.13
6.30
–
6.2
4.4
6.9
6.2
6.4
.0
–
–
–
–
–
$11.40
–
11.73
–
–
–
–
2.4
–
4.3
–
$7.71
7.75
–
8.15
–
–
–
4.1
2.6
–
10.5
–
–
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Level 4 .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
13.59
9.96
13.51
13.13
14.46
17.21
15.34
15.07
13.32
–
13.12
12.99
9.82
11.10
9.53
9.26
13.71
12.55
15.09
11.69
13.51
13.00
1.9
4.9
5.1
2.3
7.0
5.4
7.3
5.0
5.0
–
3.8
3.0
6.5
3.0
9.4
11.5
4.8
3.8
6.4
7.1
4.9
8.2
13.88
10.31
14.10
13.12
14.74
17.62
15.66
15.09
12.57
15.64
13.16
13.05
–
11.47
10.00
–
14.11
12.54
15.39
–
14.16
13.59
2.1
4.2
5.5
2.7
6.5
7.7
6.7
8.2
7.5
14.9
3.9
3.2
–
4.5
6.7
–
5.3
4.3
5.7
–
5.2
8.5
12.31
8.97
9.86
13.18
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.39
–
–
–
10.11
–
2.1
8.6
3.7
4.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.9
–
–
–
2.6
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
Construction laborers .......................................................
Construction equipment operators ...................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment
operators ................................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Helpers, construction trades .............................................
16.08
10.34
12.66
17.12
17.69
21.42
8.5
3.5
2.4
3.2
6.4
3.3
16.20
10.46
12.66
17.12
17.62
21.42
8.5
3.4
2.4
3.2
6.5
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.54
10.98
14.93
11.4
.8
5.5
25.54
10.98
14.93
11.4
.8
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.93
17.55
17.02
18.65
9.72
5.5
3.1
8.7
5.1
7.0
14.93
17.55
17.02
18.65
–
5.5
3.1
8.7
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.25
10.41
10.30
16.28
19.66
23.53
3.8
8.5
3.5
5.3
1.2
5.6
16.55
–
–
16.28
19.66
24.66
4.0
–
–
5.3
1.2
7.2
12.82
–
–
–
–
–
11.0
–
–
–
–
–
15.30
3.5
–
–
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers ...........................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers
20.28
20.4
20.60
20.4
–
–
13.63
11.19
15.7
11.9
13.93
–
18.0
–
–
–
–
–
Production occupations ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
16.81
9.79
14.1
10.6
17.06
9.79
14.5
10.6
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
6
Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Production occupations –Continued
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Level 4 .............................................................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services ........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$18.41
14.61
17.66
18.58
19.70
18.2
4.4
2.4
4.5
3.3
–
$14.61
17.66
18.58
19.70
–
4.4
2.4
4.5
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.26
16.43
10.72
16.8
32.1
8.7
27.26
16.43
11.36
16.8
32.1
14.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.03
8.36
9.55
11.06
14.55
13.31
14.11
14.11
12.34
15.44
12.66
14.35
12.30
10.39
9.28
8.24
8.76
12.87
9.7
10.4
7.2
8.8
3.5
21.3
2.3
2.3
10.1
11.2
13.3
12.5
7.0
2.6
9.0
8.2
7.6
11.4
12.05
9.18
10.03
11.39
14.71
13.31
14.19
14.19
12.36
15.44
12.66
–
12.91
10.39
10.73
9.69
–
–
6.9
14.3
5.0
11.8
3.8
21.3
2.2
2.2
10.3
11.2
13.3
–
6.6
2.6
6.2
3.9
–
–
$7.87
7.18
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.69
7.35
–
–
3.6
7.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.6
8.8
–
–
9.18
7.67
12.87
8.56
11.7
10.4
11.4
4.6
10.94
–
–
–
10.5
–
–
–
7.53
7.15
–
–
10.7
9.3
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
7
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$15.16
3.3
$16.90
3.3
$9.60
5.9
Management occupations .................................................
Level 11 ............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
34.22
36.63
34.12
28.65
13.2
3.7
5.4
5.9
34.29
36.63
34.78
27.80
13.8
3.7
7.0
6.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Level 9 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
Accountants and auditors .................................................
25.66
25.38
23.76
20.75
–
4.0
3.7
5.2
9.9
–
25.87
26.44
23.80
20.75
25.63
4.0
2.3
5.4
9.9
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Level 9 .............................................................
Engineers .........................................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
26.74
29.52
30.85
27.68
8.5
5.1
3.6
6.1
26.74
29.52
30.85
27.68
8.5
5.1
3.6
6.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
15.99
11.4
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Level 7 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
25.51
21.63
35.24
26.98
9.9
3.1
19.4
10.5
29.12
–
35.24
–
12.6
–
19.4
–
11.57
–
–
–
13.8
–
–
–
30.98
30.40
19.5
17.3
30.98
30.40
19.5
17.3
–
–
–
–
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
27.13
8.7
–
–
–
–
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Registered nurses ............................................................
Level 8 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
22.31
12.87
16.89
21.39
28.09
23.66
24.79
26.21
16.39
14.9
12.1
3.7
4.5
3.1
6.8
3.5
1.3
1.2
21.87
12.87
16.89
20.58
27.26
22.65
24.35
–
–
17.3
12.1
3.7
2.3
2.8
7.9
2.7
–
–
26.79
–
–
–
33.22
27.28
–
28.38
–
10.1
–
–
–
10.7
1.1
–
1.6
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Level 3 .............................................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
11.50
9.60
11.15
10.20
9.57
10.86
10.45
10.86
10.95
5.6
4.4
4.3
3.7
4.7
2.0
1.5
2.0
8.6
12.23
–
10.98
10.68
–
10.97
10.68
10.97
–
9.4
–
2.0
.8
–
2.2
.8
2.2
–
10.00
9.46
–
9.43
–
–
9.90
–
–
9.6
5.6
–
4.9
–
–
1.6
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Security guards .............................................................
8.40
8.30
8.30
1.1
1.4
1.4
8.66
–
–
1.3
–
–
8.00
–
–
4.7
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
8.36
7.68
5.94
7.75
8.42
2.78
3.21
2.35
6.77
7.63
8.9
12.5
3.9
1.9
19.1
12.4
24.6
7.5
6.3
9.5
9.21
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
20.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.13
7.51
6.48
7.75
9.40
2.79
2.19
–
6.75
7.63
16.2
13.6
7.9
1.9
28.7
30.5
6.4
–
6.6
9.5
6.77
6.3
–
6.75
6.6
See footnotes at end of table.
8
–
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$7.63
9.5
–
–
$7.63
9.5
11.65
11.54
11.3
12.2
$11.70
11.50
11.8
13.6
–
–
–
–
12.70
19.7
–
–
–
–
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Level 1 .............................................................
6.83
6.96
3.5
3.6
–
–
–
–
6.78
–
4.3
–
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
12.57
6.79
7.80
10.20
12.76
17.67
26.68
16.32
15.86
9.51
6.79
7.67
10.36
11.53
8.72
8.13
8.72
8.13
10.13
6.30
–
10.2
5.8
6.5
4.2
11.6
6.4
43.5
6.2
6.2
2.8
5.8
7.0
4.5
2.6
4.6
6.9
4.6
6.9
6.4
.0
–
14.21
–
–
10.58
13.18
17.67
–
16.32
15.86
10.36
–
–
10.77
11.80
–
–
–
–
11.40
–
11.73
10.8
–
–
5.4
13.6
6.4
–
6.2
6.2
4.2
–
–
5.8
3.6
–
–
–
–
2.4
–
4.3
8.10
6.49
8.08
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.98
6.49
7.76
–
–
7.71
7.75
7.71
7.75
8.15
–
–
5.3
3.8
4.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
3.8
2.3
–
–
4.1
2.6
4.1
2.6
10.5
–
–
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Level 4 .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
13.20
10.01
13.51
13.00
14.09
17.07
14.73
13.32
–
13.16
13.05
9.82
11.10
9.53
9.26
12.59
12.46
–
11.74
13.41
13.00
1.8
4.9
5.1
2.5
9.5
6.9
5.0
5.0
–
3.9
3.2
6.5
3.0
9.4
11.5
4.1
4.0
–
9.6
5.4
8.2
13.38
10.31
14.10
12.92
14.46
17.58
14.56
12.57
15.64
13.16
13.05
–
11.47
10.00
–
12.94
12.43
13.58
–
14.00
13.59
2.1
4.2
5.5
2.9
9.1
11.3
8.7
7.5
14.9
3.9
3.2
–
4.5
6.7
–
4.9
4.6
4.3
–
5.8
8.5
12.49
9.03
9.86
13.25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.39
–
–
–
–
–
2.1
9.6
3.7
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.9
–
–
–
–
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
15.99
10.34
17.43
16.91
21.29
9.9
3.5
2.9
5.6
3.8
16.13
10.46
17.43
16.73
21.29
9.9
3.4
2.9
4.8
3.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.54
11.4
25.54
11.4
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations
–Continued
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food –Continued
Level 2 .............................................................
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
9
Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work levels3, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Construction and extraction occupations –Continued
Construction laborers .......................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Helpers, construction trades .............................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers ...........................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers
Production occupations ....................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Level 7 .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 3 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 5 .............................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services ........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 2 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Level 1 .............................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$10.98
17.55
15.78
17.57
9.72
0.8
3.1
7.4
5.8
7.0
$10.98
17.55
15.78
17.57
–
0.8
3.1
7.4
5.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.34
10.41
10.30
16.28
21.47
23.53
4.1
8.5
3.5
5.3
1.9
5.6
16.69
–
–
16.28
21.47
24.66
4.3
–
–
5.3
1.9
7.2
$12.82
–
–
–
–
–
11.0
–
–
–
–
–
15.30
3.5
–
–
–
–
23.99
11.3
–
–
–
–
13.63
11.19
15.7
11.9
13.93
–
18.0
–
–
–
–
–
16.81
9.79
18.41
14.61
17.66
18.58
19.70
14.1
10.6
18.2
4.4
2.4
4.5
3.3
17.06
9.79
–
14.61
17.66
18.58
19.70
14.5
10.6
–
4.4
2.4
4.5
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.26
16.43
10.72
16.8
32.1
8.7
27.26
16.43
11.36
16.8
32.1
14.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.88
8.36
9.42
10.86
14.40
13.31
12.25
12.42
14.35
12.30
10.39
9.28
8.24
8.76
12.87
10.2
10.4
6.9
9.3
3.8
21.3
10.3
14.2
12.5
7.0
2.6
9.0
8.2
7.6
11.4
11.93
9.18
9.87
–
14.57
13.31
12.28
12.42
–
12.91
10.39
10.73
9.69
–
–
7.4
14.3
4.7
–
4.2
21.3
10.4
14.2
–
6.6
2.6
6.2
3.9
–
–
7.87
7.18
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.69
7.35
–
–
3.6
7.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.6
8.8
–
–
9.18
7.67
12.87
8.56
11.7
10.4
11.4
4.6
10.94
–
–
–
10.5
–
–
–
7.53
7.15
–
–
10.7
9.3
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
10
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work
levels3, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$22.32
3.8
$23.05
4.0
$12.12
14.1
Management occupations .................................................
48.45
24.6
50.82
25.0
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
22.45
2.4
22.45
2.4
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
23.64
7.8
23.64
7.8
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Level 4 .............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Level 9 .............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Level 9 .............................................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Level 4 .............................................................
28.35
12.75
32.32
4.0
2.8
1.7
29.57
12.75
32.32
3.1
2.8
1.7
16.02
–
–
16.9
–
–
31.88
32.02
31.42
31.60
.1
.4
2.4
3.0
31.88
32.02
31.42
31.60
.1
.4
2.4
3.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30.56
30.80
1.2
2.1
30.56
30.80
1.2
2.1
–
–
–
–
33.61
33.61
31.84
31.97
2.9
2.9
1.6
1.2
33.61
33.61
31.84
31.97
2.9
2.9
1.6
1.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.36
31.50
12.37
12.75
.4
.1
.1
2.8
31.36
31.50
12.37
12.75
.4
.1
.1
2.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
26.13
15.9
26.01
16.8
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Level 6 .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
19.35
17.91
19.81
19.81
8.6
4.0
5.1
5.1
19.35
17.91
19.81
19.81
8.6
4.0
5.1
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
10.36
15.5
–
–
–
–
10.65
10.27
3.1
2.8
10.72
–
3.3
–
–
–
–
–
10.27
2.8
–
–
–
–
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
11
Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers2 by work
levels3, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
$10.03
16.0
–
–
$8.32
11.3
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Level 4 .............................................................
Not able to be leveled .......................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
15.84
13.86
18.45
15.69
6.2
4.6
10.2
7.5
$16.36
14.01
19.04
15.69
4.7
4.8
8.7
7.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
16.60
9.0
16.60
9.0
–
–
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
13.98
14.19
14.19
3.3
2.2
2.2
13.98
14.19
14.19
3.3
2.2
2.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is
evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and
complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored
to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the
occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the
overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
12
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
All workers ..............................................................................
$16.24
2.9
$18.01
2.7
$9.72
5.7
Management occupations .................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
36.32
19.51
36.70
28.80
11.5
8.0
12.0
5.0
36.69
–
–
28.11
11.9
–
–
5.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists ...................................................................
Accountants and auditors .................................................
25.23
22.10
30.00
20.75
3.4
6.5
7.0
9.9
25.38
–
–
20.75
3.5
–
–
9.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.97
25.07
15.0
2.7
27.97
25.53
15.0
3.0
–
–
–
–
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
22.49
11.0
22.49
11.0
–
–
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Engineers .........................................................................
Group III ............................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters ..........................
Group II .............................................................
26.31
22.33
31.84
30.85
32.36
23.00
20.40
8.5
8.8
5.5
3.6
6.4
13.8
8.6
26.31
–
–
30.85
–
23.00
–
8.5
–
–
3.6
–
13.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Community and social services occupations ..................
Counselors .......................................................................
Group II .............................................................
18.13
21.01
16.79
12.3
20.5
12.6
18.33
–
–
12.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Group III ............................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Group III ............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Group III ............................................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Group III ............................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Group III ............................................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Group II .............................................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
27.89
12.18
17.31
33.08
32.80
26.10
3.8
1.8
10.1
2.4
12.4
18.5
29.51
–
–
–
35.92
–
3.2
–
–
–
8.7
–
14.65
–
–
–
15.25
–
15.6
–
–
–
32.8
–
31.82
32.12
31.32
31.82
1.3
.9
2.7
3.0
31.82
–
31.32
–
1.3
–
2.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
30.54
30.91
1.4
2.1
30.54
30.91
1.4
2.1
–
–
–
–
32.99
33.89
31.87
31.99
4.6
2.8
2.1
1.8
32.99
33.89
31.87
–
4.6
2.8
2.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
31.43
31.55
14.96
16.31
12.37
12.37
1.6
1.6
13.7
14.5
.1
.1
31.43
31.55
–
–
12.37
12.37
1.6
1.6
–
–
.1
.1
–
–
13.65
–
–
–
–
–
19.0
–
–
–
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
26.56
7.9
27.35
6.8
–
–
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
Registered nurses ............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Group III ............................................................
22.80
12.52
19.45
37.03
24.12
22.60
26.21
13.0
7.4
3.1
8.8
6.0
8.3
1.3
22.43
–
–
–
23.28
21.68
–
14.9
–
–
–
7.0
8.7
–
26.94
–
–
–
27.45
–
28.38
9.4
–
–
–
1.5
–
1.6
See footnotes at end of table.
13
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
–Continued
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support
technicians ..................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
$12.33
16.39
8.7
1.0
$12.33
16.31
8.7
1.4
–
–
–
–
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Group I ..............................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Group I ..............................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Group I ..............................................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
Group I ..............................................................
11.51
10.38
10.23
10.23
10.47
10.47
10.95
10.95
5.6
3.8
3.6
3.6
1.2
1.2
8.6
8.6
12.23
–
10.68
–
10.68
10.68
–
–
9.4
–
.8
–
.8
.8
–
–
$10.05
–
9.52
–
10.01
10.01
–
–
9.5
–
4.9
–
1.5
1.5
–
–
Protective service occupations .........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
Group II .............................................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Group I ..............................................................
Security guards .............................................................
Group I ..............................................................
13.23
8.97
19.22
19.81
20.02
19.81
20.02
8.87
8.71
8.87
8.71
11.7
4.4
4.1
5.1
5.6
5.1
5.6
4.6
4.5
4.6
4.5
14.73
–
–
19.81
–
19.81
20.02
9.46
–
9.46
–
11.2
–
–
5.1
–
5.1
5.6
5.9
–
5.9
–
8.00
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Group I ..............................................................
Cooks ...............................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
Group I ..............................................................
8.41
8.06
7.83
7.83
8.43
8.43
3.21
3.21
6.97
6.97
8.5
7.0
1.8
1.8
18.6
18.6
24.6
24.6
5.2
5.2
9.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.15
–
7.83
–
9.39
–
2.19
2.19
6.77
–
15.8
–
1.8
–
28.1
–
6.4
6.4
6.4
–
6.95
6.95
5.2
5.2
–
–
–
–
6.75
6.75
6.6
6.6
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
Group I ..............................................................
11.41
10.68
11.28
10.59
8.8
7.2
10.0
7.8
11.36
–
11.14
–
7.8
–
9.6
–
11.51
–
11.51
–
21.2
–
21.2
–
11.92
10.55
14.5
11.4
12.51
12.51
19.0
19.0
11.51
–
21.2
–
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Group I ..............................................................
Recreation and fitness workers ........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Recreation workers .......................................................
Group I ..............................................................
7.53
7.51
10.86
10.79
10.79
10.79
10.9
10.9
9.6
10.2
10.2
10.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.05
–
9.03
–
–
–
6.0
–
7.3
–
–
–
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
Group II .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Group II .............................................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
12.63
9.96
17.82
16.58
16.23
16.17
16.20
9.54
9.29
10.0
5.4
6.2
6.0
5.7
5.9
5.8
2.8
2.2
14.25
–
–
16.58
–
16.17
16.20
10.39
–
10.5
–
–
6.0
–
5.9
5.8
4.1
–
8.10
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.98
–
5.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.0
–
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Sales and related occupations –Continued
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
Group I ..............................................................
$8.82
8.82
8.82
8.82
10.13
9.75
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
6.4
1.7
–
–
–
–
$11.40
10.96
–
–
–
–
2.4
6.5
$7.71
–
7.71
7.71
8.15
8.17
4.1
–
4.1
4.1
10.5
10.8
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Financial clerks .................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Group I ..............................................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Group I ..............................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Group I ..............................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Group II .............................................................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Group I ..............................................................
13.59
12.39
15.97
15.07
12.97
16.98
–
13.12
12.67
9.82
9.82
11.10
10.76
9.53
9.53
13.71
12.38
16.07
15.09
17.10
11.69
13.51
13.62
1.9
2.0
4.2
5.0
4.6
8.7
–
3.8
3.1
6.5
6.5
3.0
2.8
9.4
9.4
4.8
3.3
7.6
6.4
3.7
7.1
4.9
6.1
13.88
–
–
15.09
–
–
15.64
13.16
12.71
–
–
11.47
–
10.00
10.00
14.11
–
–
15.39
17.10
–
14.16
14.27
2.1
–
–
8.2
–
–
14.9
3.9
3.2
–
–
4.5
–
6.7
6.7
5.3
–
–
5.7
3.7
–
5.2
6.3
12.31
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.39
–
–
–
–
–
10.11
–
2.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.9
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
–
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
Construction laborers .......................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Construction equipment operators ...................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment
operators ................................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Group II .............................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Group II .............................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Group II .............................................................
Helpers, construction trades .............................................
Group I ..............................................................
16.08
11.68
18.85
8.5
2.0
2.5
16.20
–
–
8.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25.54
10.98
10.67
14.93
11.4
.8
2.7
5.5
25.54
10.98
10.67
14.93
11.4
.8
2.7
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.93
17.55
18.04
17.02
18.65
18.65
18.65
9.72
9.72
5.5
3.1
1.7
8.7
5.1
5.1
5.1
7.0
7.0
14.93
17.55
18.04
17.02
–
18.65
18.65
–
–
5.5
3.1
1.7
8.7
–
5.1
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
16.25
11.49
19.71
3.8
5.7
4.4
16.55
–
–
4.0
–
–
12.82
–
–
11.0
–
–
15.30
3.5
–
–
–
–
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers ...........................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers
Group I ..............................................................
20.28
20.4
20.60
20.4
–
–
13.63
10.32
11.19
11.19
15.7
7.1
11.9
11.9
13.93
–
–
–
18.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Production occupations ....................................................
Group I ..............................................................
16.81
11.84
14.1
9.0
17.06
–
14.5
–
–
–
–
–
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Table 5. Combined work levels1 for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for full-time and part-time workers3,
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Total
Occupation4 and level
Production occupations –Continued
Group II .............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Group II .............................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Group I ..............................................................
Group II .............................................................
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Group I ..............................................................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services ........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Group I ..............................................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Group I ..............................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Group I ..............................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
Group I ..............................................................
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
Mean
Relative
error5
(percent)
$18.62
2.4
–
–
–
–
27.26
20.23
16.43
10.72
16.8
3.4
32.1
8.7
$27.26
20.23
16.43
11.36
16.8
3.4
32.1
14.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.03
10.16
17.30
14.11
14.11
14.11
14.11
12.34
12.36
12.66
14.35
12.30
11.68
9.28
9.01
9.7
7.3
15.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
10.1
10.7
13.3
12.5
7.0
7.2
9.0
8.3
12.05
–
–
14.19
–
14.19
14.19
12.36
–
12.66
–
12.91
12.16
10.73
–
6.9
–
–
2.2
–
2.2
2.2
10.3
–
13.3
–
6.6
7.4
6.2
–
$7.87
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.69
–
3.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.6
–
9.18
8.93
8.56
8.55
11.7
10.8
4.6
4.5
10.94
10.53
–
–
10.5
9.6
–
–
7.53
7.53
–
–
10.7
10.7
–
–
1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining
levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II
combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines
levels 13-15.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded
are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the
number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where
a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around
a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories
not shown separately
16
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July
2007
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$7.40
$9.77
$13.47
$19.75
$28.93
Management occupations .................................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
19.12
22.39
22.91
22.44
30.69
29.31
47.96
32.49
55.49
38.68
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists ...................................................................
Accountants and auditors .................................................
17.25
9.79
20.79
16.50
24.04
22.53
28.99
27.50
32.50
28.85
20.79
20.08
20.79
21.63
22.05
25.00
35.43
29.08
49.99
29.08
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
17.64
17.64
19.53
26.00
31.51
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Engineers .........................................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters ..........................
17.00
23.00
15.00
21.79
25.24
17.04
25.25
31.25
20.65
31.00
35.80
27.55
35.80
37.94
31.00
Community and social services occupations ..................
Counselors .......................................................................
11.99
10.15
11.99
13.82
18.19
19.52
18.95
25.59
30.40
36.07
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers ........................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
11.58
12.02
7.50
19.92
26.60
12.00
28.92
31.69
23.00
34.93
38.63
35.21
41.94
48.18
52.40
25.64
25.31
27.42
27.15
30.71
30.32
35.52
35.03
40.55
39.74
24.69
26.83
29.41
34.34
38.58
26.65
25.46
28.50
27.13
31.98
30.11
36.67
35.90
41.81
41.34
25.10
8.13
10.57
26.88
9.00
11.31
29.52
12.13
12.05
34.93
18.01
13.54
40.27
23.54
15.05
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
20.50
22.16
25.61
31.73
32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Registered nurses ............................................................
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support
technicians ..................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
11.66
17.00
14.73
20.24
18.99
25.47
26.03
27.37
33.65
29.97
9.50
14.20
10.00
15.39
11.00
16.56
14.25
17.50
18.31
18.17
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
8.56
8.50
8.91
10.30
9.77
9.23
9.60
10.30
10.30
10.12
10.39
10.30
11.54
11.30
11.35
11.19
14.53
11.82
12.10
12.38
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Security guards .............................................................
7.10
16.28
16.28
6.75
6.75
8.25
17.35
17.35
7.45
7.45
9.69
18.94
18.94
8.50
8.50
18.25
21.25
21.25
9.61
9.61
23.33
24.54
24.54
11.67
11.67
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
2.13
6.05
2.13
2.13
5.75
6.44
7.05
2.13
2.13
6.25
8.00
8.35
10.51
2.13
6.44
11.50
8.35
12.18
2.13
7.00
12.18
9.00
12.18
6.28
8.50
5.75
6.25
6.44
7.00
8.50
8.24
8.24
8.99
8.55
9.77
9.64
11.39
11.04
14.59
14.07
7.57
8.55
9.33
10.40
28.00
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July
2007 — Continued
10
25
Median
50
75
90
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Recreation and fitness workers ........................................
Recreation workers .......................................................
$6.00
7.55
7.55
$6.00
8.76
8.76
$7.00
10.00
10.00
$7.80
13.12
13.12
$10.00
14.19
14.19
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
6.50
12.22
12.22
6.25
6.50
6.50
6.00
8.10
14.56
14.00
7.02
7.02
7.02
8.48
10.05
17.31
17.31
9.50
7.75
7.75
10.00
15.03
17.31
17.31
10.66
10.05
10.05
10.73
21.00
20.48
18.70
13.00
11.54
11.54
14.30
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
9.25
10.25
11.30
7.65
9.34
7.69
10.97
11.56
8.90
10.00
11.22
12.41
11.89
8.67
9.80
8.00
11.22
12.04
11.22
11.12
13.20
14.50
12.36
9.18
10.34
9.50
12.71
14.36
11.22
13.90
15.27
16.25
14.90
11.00
11.98
10.03
16.09
17.80
11.54
15.25
17.57
19.39
16.58
11.87
13.83
11.55
18.46
18.78
14.59
15.25
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
Construction laborers .......................................................
Construction equipment operators ...................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment
operators ................................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Helpers, construction trades .............................................
9.94
12.08
15.00
19.46
23.00
21.00
9.00
13.52
23.00
9.94
14.00
25.00
10.71
14.01
27.50
12.27
14.20
32.50
13.50
18.99
13.52
15.00
13.70
14.75
7.05
14.00
17.50
13.70
17.19
7.05
14.01
18.41
17.68
19.08
10.00
14.20
18.90
20.70
20.84
12.00
18.99
18.90
20.84
20.84
12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers ...........................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers
10.22
12.00
15.45
19.20
26.12
8.00
12.00
17.00
19.46
21.33
12.26
12.54
21.77
26.12
27.55
8.65
7.62
10.00
9.00
12.00
10.20
17.07
12.50
18.29
17.00
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
8.00
10.03
15.74
19.76
32.23
15.74
7.50
8.90
19.75
8.50
9.63
29.57
11.25
10.03
34.64
28.03
10.03
37.23
28.03
14.87
6.50
10.99
10.99
9.75
9.90
9.00
9.50
6.00
8.22
11.75
11.75
9.75
10.00
12.20
9.83
7.76
9.90
13.63
13.63
10.40
12.00
13.00
10.50
8.49
12.75
16.24
16.24
13.40
13.40
17.00
13.75
10.50
17.40
17.46
17.46
17.04
15.81
20.30
17.40
12.90
6.00
7.76
7.00
7.76
8.40
8.00
10.10
9.50
13.82
10.83
Occupation2
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services ........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
18
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC,
July 2007
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$7.02
$9.34
$12.18
$18.19
$26.76
Management occupations .................................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
19.12
21.29
22.44
22.44
30.07
30.06
47.37
32.49
53.99
40.02
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
17.93
9.79
21.63
16.50
25.00
22.53
28.99
27.50
33.65
28.85
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Engineers .........................................................................
16.65
23.00
21.79
25.24
26.00
31.25
31.25
35.80
35.80
37.94
Community and social services occupations ..................
11.99
11.99
14.72
18.19
18.19
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
10.00
10.00
16.40
21.90
26.60
26.60
29.36
29.36
39.65
40.00
20.77
20.77
23.90
23.65
31.98
31.98
34.41
33.57
45.08
39.13
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
19.80
22.88
29.08
31.73
32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Registered nurses ............................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
11.70
17.00
14.20
14.73
19.00
15.33
18.99
25.41
16.83
25.82
27.00
17.50
32.68
29.08
18.08
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations ................
8.56
8.50
8.91
10.30
9.77
9.16
9.60
10.30
10.30
10.12
10.39
10.30
11.54
11.26
11.35
11.19
14.53
11.71
11.90
12.38
Protective service occupations .........................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Security guards .............................................................
6.75
6.75
6.75
7.50
7.25
7.25
8.50
8.25
8.25
9.00
9.00
9.00
9.97
9.69
9.69
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
2.13
6.05
2.13
2.13
5.75
6.44
7.00
2.13
2.13
6.25
8.00
8.25
10.51
2.13
6.44
11.50
8.35
12.18
2.13
6.65
12.18
8.50
12.18
6.28
8.50
5.75
6.25
6.44
6.65
8.50
8.24
8.24
8.55
8.50
9.77
9.48
11.04
11.04
28.00
28.00
7.50
8.50
9.00
9.77
28.00
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
5.85
6.00
6.50
7.65
7.80
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
6.50
12.22
12.22
6.25
6.50
6.50
6.00
8.09
14.00
14.00
7.02
7.02
7.02
8.48
10.00
17.31
17.31
9.35
7.75
7.75
10.00
15.03
17.31
17.31
10.66
9.80
9.80
10.73
21.00
18.40
17.31
13.00
11.54
11.54
14.30
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
Customer service representatives ....................................
Order clerks ......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive ........
Office clerks, general ........................................................
9.25
10.00
11.34
7.65
9.34
7.69
10.10
8.90
10.00
11.00
12.17
11.89
8.67
9.80
8.00
11.22
11.22
11.12
12.87
14.50
12.45
9.18
10.34
9.50
11.57
11.22
13.50
15.04
16.25
14.90
11.00
11.98
10.03
13.73
11.22
15.25
16.35
19.12
16.67
11.87
13.83
11.55
16.18
16.35
15.25
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
9.75
12.00
15.00
19.00
23.00
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
19
Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC,
July 2007 — Continued
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$21.00
9.00
15.00
13.70
12.38
7.05
$23.00
9.94
17.50
13.70
16.05
7.05
$25.00
10.71
18.41
13.70
17.89
10.00
$27.50
12.27
18.90
17.94
19.46
12.00
$32.50
13.50
18.90
19.89
19.89
12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers ...........................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers
10.00
11.25
15.45
19.89
26.12
8.00
12.00
17.00
19.46
21.33
17.94
21.77
26.12
27.55
27.55
8.65
7.62
10.00
9.00
12.00
10.20
17.07
12.50
18.29
17.00
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
8.00
10.03
15.74
19.76
32.23
15.74
7.50
8.90
19.75
8.50
9.63
29.57
11.25
10.03
34.64
28.03
10.03
37.23
28.03
14.87
6.50
9.75
9.90
9.00
9.50
6.00
8.22
9.75
10.00
12.20
9.83
7.76
9.83
10.40
11.75
13.00
10.50
8.49
12.10
13.40
13.40
17.00
13.75
10.50
17.40
17.00
14.58
20.30
17.40
12.90
6.00
7.76
7.00
7.76
8.40
8.00
10.10
9.50
13.82
10.83
Occupation2
Construction and extraction occupations –Continued
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
Construction laborers .......................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Helpers, construction trades .............................................
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services ........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand ......................................
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
20
Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles1, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport
News, VA-NC, July 2007
Occupation2
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$11.49
$13.78
$19.22
$27.42
$35.85
Management occupations .................................................
26.12
30.55
37.88
55.49
99.99
Business and financial operations occupations .............
14.36
20.79
21.55
23.72
29.64
Community and social services occupations ..................
16.79
18.95
22.50
27.13
31.18
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
11.79
22.55
29.34
35.52
42.03
25.78
25.64
27.42
27.28
30.71
30.13
35.71
35.32
40.55
39.74
25.11
26.88
29.41
34.28
38.37
27.15
25.67
28.92
27.15
32.50
30.11
37.39
35.78
41.81
40.55
25.46
10.57
26.92
11.31
29.52
12.05
34.88
13.54
40.27
15.05
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
11.16
15.69
18.40
28.57
67.71
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
12.69
16.28
16.28
16.18
17.35
17.35
18.88
18.94
18.94
22.90
21.25
21.25
26.16
24.54
24.54
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
8.30
8.65
9.65
12.01
14.28
8.41
8.20
9.29
9.06
10.35
9.81
11.59
11.52
13.11
13.09
8.20
9.06
9.81
11.52
13.09
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
6.85
7.55
8.86
13.12
13.86
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
11.54
11.54
12.88
12.10
15.72
16.09
18.32
18.46
21.41
18.83
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
11.80
13.24
14.98
20.01
23.00
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
10.99
10.99
10.99
12.01
11.93
11.93
13.71
13.93
13.93
15.97
16.24
16.24
17.39
17.46
17.46
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
21
Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC, July 2007
Full-time workers
Occupation3
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$9.00
$11.03
$15.25
$21.88
$30.64
Management occupations .................................................
Financial managers ..........................................................
19.12
21.29
22.91
22.44
30.29
26.66
48.00
30.07
55.49
40.02
Business and financial operations occupations .............
Buyers and purchasing agents .........................................
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists ...................................................................
Accountants and auditors .................................................
16.81
9.79
20.79
16.50
25.00
22.53
28.99
27.50
35.43
28.85
20.79
20.08
20.79
20.08
22.05
26.71
35.43
29.08
49.99
29.08
Computer and mathematical science occupations .........
17.64
17.64
19.53
26.00
31.51
Architecture and engineering occupations .....................
Engineers .........................................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters ..........................
17.00
23.00
15.00
21.79
25.24
17.04
25.25
31.25
20.65
31.00
35.80
27.55
35.80
37.94
31.00
Community and social services occupations ..................
11.99
11.99
18.19
18.95
30.46
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education school
teachers ......................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers .......................
Elementary school teachers, except special
education ............................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Secondary school teachers ..........................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and
vocational education ...........................................
Teacher assistants ...........................................................
13.23
26.60
25.46
29.36
29.37
34.63
35.71
39.53
42.29
49.52
25.64
25.31
27.42
27.15
30.71
30.32
35.52
35.03
40.55
39.74
24.69
26.83
29.41
34.34
38.58
26.65
25.46
28.50
27.13
31.98
30.11
36.67
35.90
41.81
41.34
25.10
10.57
26.88
11.31
29.52
12.05
34.93
13.54
40.27
15.05
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations ..................................................................
21.15
22.85
26.24
31.73
32.97
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Registered nurses ............................................................
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support
technicians ..................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ...........
11.58
17.00
14.42
19.00
17.77
24.28
25.82
26.60
33.65
29.24
9.50
14.20
10.00
15.11
11.00
16.81
14.25
17.50
18.31
17.91
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
9.64
9.05
9.05
10.30
9.85
9.85
10.35
10.90
10.90
11.54
11.54
11.54
23.92
12.50
12.50
Protective service occupations .........................................
Police officers ...................................................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers ............
Security guards .............................................................
8.00
16.28
16.28
7.10
7.10
8.73
17.35
17.35
8.00
8.00
12.83
18.94
18.94
8.75
8.75
18.94
21.25
21.25
11.54
11.54
24.86
24.54
24.54
12.69
12.69
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
2.13
2.13
10.92
14.00
14.48
8.24
8.24
9.10
8.79
10.56
10.26
11.90
11.31
13.76
12.68
8.00
8.84
9.82
12.43
28.14
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers ...............
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
7.31
12.22
12.22
6.95
9.00
9.35
14.56
14.00
8.48
9.52
11.00
17.31
17.31
10.00
10.66
17.31
17.31
17.31
11.50
11.75
23.08
20.48
18.70
15.03
16.00
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Financial clerks .................................................................
10.00
9.25
11.43
11.25
13.20
14.20
15.27
18.06
18.32
25.00
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Table 9. Full-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Full-time workers
Occupation3
10
25
Median
50
75
90
$10.50
11.34
9.55
8.00
11.22
11.47
11.12
$11.25
11.89
10.08
8.05
11.47
12.71
12.95
$14.61
12.45
11.52
10.03
13.36
15.51
15.00
$18.06
14.90
12.73
10.20
16.35
18.44
15.25
$25.00
16.67
13.83
12.64
18.46
19.30
15.91
10.00
12.27
15.00
19.46
24.00
21.00
9.00
13.52
23.00
9.94
14.00
25.00
10.71
14.01
27.50
12.27
14.20
32.50
13.50
18.99
13.52
15.00
13.70
14.75
14.00
17.50
13.70
17.19
14.01
18.41
17.68
19.08
14.20
18.90
20.70
20.84
18.99
18.90
20.84
20.84
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance
workers .......................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair
workers .......................................................................
10.22
12.00
15.45
19.46
26.12
12.26
12.54
21.77
26.12
27.55
8.65
10.39
12.38
17.19
18.75
Production occupations ....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of production and
operating workers .......................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators .......................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers .......
8.00
10.50
15.74
19.89
32.23
15.74
7.50
8.50
19.75
8.50
9.15
29.57
11.25
9.63
34.64
28.03
11.85
37.23
28.03
17.00
8.22
10.99
10.99
9.75
9.90
9.50
8.22
9.00
11.93
11.93
9.75
10.00
10.35
8.25
10.40
13.93
13.93
10.40
12.00
11.25
10.00
13.82
16.24
16.24
13.40
13.40
15.00
11.36
18.30
17.46
17.46
17.39
15.81
17.40
15.69
8.22
8.22
9.25
13.82
17.50
Office and administrative support occupations
–Continued
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks .............
Customer service representatives ....................................
Receptionists and information clerks ................................
Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants ....
Office clerks, general ........................................................
Construction and extraction occupations .......................
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades
and extraction workers ...............................................
Construction laborers .......................................................
Construction equipment operators ...................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment
operators ................................................................
Electricians .......................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...........
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .........................
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Bus drivers ........................................................................
Bus drivers, school .......................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers .............................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer .........................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ................................
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
23
Table 10. Part-time1 civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles2, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News,
VA-NC, July 2007
Part-time workers
Occupation3
10
25
Median
50
75
90
All workers ..............................................................................
$6.00
$6.55
$8.57
$10.92
$14.50
Education, training, and library occupations ..................
Postsecondary teachers ...................................................
Other teachers and instructors .........................................
8.13
7.00
8.13
8.13
8.00
8.13
12.12
11.25
11.00
19.59
23.00
17.00
25.00
31.69
25.00
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations ........
Registered nurses ............................................................
16.00
23.73
23.67
26.76
26.76
26.76
29.11
28.69
35.00
32.00
Healthcare support occupations .......................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ....................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ......................
8.00
8.00
8.56
8.65
8.56
8.93
9.69
9.41
9.82
10.62
10.20
11.12
12.38
11.59
11.70
Protective service occupations .........................................
6.67
7.00
8.00
8.80
10.12
Food preparation and serving related occupations ........
Cooks ...............................................................................
Food service, tipped .........................................................
Waiters and waitresses ................................................
Fast food and counter workers .........................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food ...................................................
5.40
6.05
2.13
2.13
5.75
6.44
7.05
8.07
2.13
6.25
8.00
8.35
11.12
2.13
6.44
10.51
8.35
12.18
2.13
6.55
12.18
9.00
12.18
2.13
8.25
5.75
6.20
6.44
6.50
8.25
7.50
7.50
8.50
8.50
9.00
9.00
9.77
9.77
28.00
28.00
7.50
8.50
9.00
9.77
28.00
Personal care and service occupations ...........................
Recreation and fitness workers ........................................
5.91
7.55
6.00
7.55
6.50
8.76
7.65
10.00
8.76
12.00
Sales and related occupations ..........................................
Retail sales workers .........................................................
Cashiers, all workers ....................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................
Retail salespersons ......................................................
6.00
6.00
6.50
6.50
5.75
6.50
6.50
7.00
7.00
6.00
7.50
7.25
7.02
7.02
7.73
9.37
9.00
8.50
8.50
10.00
10.90
10.50
9.40
9.40
10.90
Office and administrative support occupations ..............
Secretaries and administrative assistants ........................
Office clerks, general ........................................................
8.55
8.90
8.69
9.71
8.90
9.71
13.13
11.84
10.00
14.50
13.73
10.00
16.25
13.73
12.00
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .........
7.62
9.60
10.44
17.07
20.88
Transportation and material moving occupations ..........
Laborers and material movers, hand ................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand ........................................................................
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
7.76
7.76
9.47
8.67
10.00
10.00
6.00
6.00
7.00
8.67
10.00
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ..................................................................
Building cleaning workers .................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and
housekeeping cleaners ...........................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore,
a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a
full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in
another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are
calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are
scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours
are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the
same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth
of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate
shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly
wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay.
Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;
nonproduction bonuses; and tips.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not
meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data
for categories not shown separately
24
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$596
39.4
$35,221
$30,160
1,956
1,501
1,155
1,315
1,000
40.9
41.1
77,741
60,043
66,148
51,983
2,119
2,136
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$18.01
$15.25
$710
Management occupations ...................
Financial managers ............................
36.69
28.11
30.29
26.66
Business and financial operations
occupations ....................................
Buyers and purchasing agents ...........
Human resources, training, and labor
relations specialists ......................
Accountants and auditors ...................
25.38
20.75
25.00
22.53
1,030
830
1,000
901
40.6
40.0
53,574
43,160
52,000
46,854
2,111
2,080
27.97
25.53
22.05
26.71
1,112
1,021
867
1,068
39.8
40.0
57,822
53,104
45,094
55,561
2,067
2,080
Computer and mathematical science
occupations ....................................
22.49
19.53
786
781
34.9
40,848
40,622
1,816
Architecture and engineering
occupations ....................................
Engineers ...........................................
Engineering technicians, except
drafters .........................................
26.31
30.85
25.25
31.25
1,052
1,234
1,010
1,250
40.0
40.0
54,718
64,178
52,520
65,000
2,080
2,080
23.00
20.65
920
826
40.0
47,836
42,952
2,080
Community and social services
occupations ....................................
18.33
18.19
639
546
34.8
32,908
28,376
1,795
29.51
35.92
29.37
34.63
1,070
1,437
1,074
1,385
36.3
40.0
43,918
64,730
43,394
61,737
1,488
1,802
31.82
30.71
1,139
1,096
35.8
45,895
43,983
1,442
31.32
30.32
1,126
1,096
36.0
45,585
43,560
1,455
30.54
29.41
1,108
1,074
36.3
44,349
42,512
1,452
32.99
31.87
31.98
30.11
1,163
1,139
1,120
1,075
35.3
35.8
48,217
45,354
46,893
43,077
1,462
1,423
31.43
12.37
29.52
12.05
1,126
431
1,056
432
35.8
34.9
45,056
16,278
42,512
16,174
1,434
1,316
27.35
26.24
1,046
1,087
38.2
54,381
56,534
1,989
22.43
23.28
17.77
24.28
884
907
734
897
39.4
38.9
45,367
45,191
36,670
43,805
2,022
1,941
12.33
11.00
493
440
40.0
25,653
22,880
2,080
16.31
16.81
627
648
38.4
32,598
33,677
1,998
12.23
10.35
479
412
39.1
24,883
21,424
2,034
10.68
10.90
409
409
38.3
21,292
21,255
1,994
10.68
10.90
409
409
38.3
21,292
21,255
1,994
14.73
19.81
19.81
12.83
18.94
18.94
601
798
798
500
758
758
40.8
40.3
40.3
23,935
41,487
41,487
18,595
39,404
39,404
1,625
2,095
2,095
9.46
9.46
8.75
8.75
370
370
340
340
39.1
39.1
18,900
18,900
17,742
17,742
1,999
1,999
Education, training, and library
occupations ....................................
Postsecondary teachers .....................
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers ............
Elementary and middle school
teachers ....................................
Elementary school teachers,
except special education ......
Middle school teachers, except
special and vocational
education ..............................
Secondary school teachers ............
Secondary school teachers,
except special and vocational
education ..............................
Teacher assistants .............................
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations ..................
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ....................................
Registered nurses ..............................
Health diagnosing and treating
practitioner support technicians ....
Licensed practical and licensed
vocational nurses ..........................
Healthcare support occupations .........
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health
aides .............................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and
attendants .................................
Protective service occupations ...........
Police officers .....................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ...
Security guards and gaming
surveillance officers ......................
Security guards ...............................
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ....................................
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
Building cleaning workers ...................
Janitors and cleaners, except
maids and housekeeping
cleaners ....................................
Sales and related occupations ............
First-line supervisors/managers, sales
workers .........................................
First-line supervisors/managers of
retail sales workers ...................
Retail sales workers ...........................
Retail salespersons ........................
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
Financial clerks ...................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and
auditing clerks ...........................
Customer service representatives ......
Receptionists and information clerks ..
Stock clerks and order fillers ..............
Secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................
Executive secretaries and
administrative assistants ..........
Office clerks, general ..........................
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction
workers .........................................
Construction laborers .........................
Construction equipment operators .....
Operating engineers and other
construction equipment
operators ..................................
Electricians .........................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and
steamfitters ...................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and
steamfitters ...............................
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ....................................
Industrial machinery installation,
repair, and maintenance workers
Miscellaneous installation,
maintenance, and repair workers
Production occupations ......................
First-line supervisors/managers of
production and operating workers
Miscellaneous assemblers and
fabricators .....................................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers,
and weighers ................................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$351
39.7
$18,633
$16,640
1,996
442
431
396
392
38.9
38.7
22,480
21,837
20,592
19,932
1,979
1,961
9.82
495
386
39.5
24,221
18,848
1,935
14.25
11.00
577
426
40.5
27,920
22,173
1,959
16.58
17.31
711
708
42.9
36,989
36,837
2,231
16.17
10.39
11.40
17.31
10.00
10.66
697
413
450
654
400
414
43.1
39.7
39.5
36,260
19,145
19,160
34,000
20,093
20,800
2,243
1,843
1,681
13.88
15.09
13.20
14.20
551
604
525
568
39.7
40.0
27,899
31,395
27,040
29,530
2,010
2,080
15.64
13.16
11.47
10.00
14.61
12.45
11.52
10.03
625
525
459
400
584
498
461
401
40.0
39.9
40.0
40.0
32,521
23,338
23,867
20,805
30,387
24,823
23,962
20,864
2,080
1,774
2,080
2,080
14.11
13.36
551
508
39.0
28,569
26,423
2,025
15.39
14.16
15.51
15.00
594
566
605
600
38.6
40.0
30,728
29,455
30,950
31,200
1,997
2,080
16.20
15.00
648
600
40.0
33,654
31,200
2,077
25.54
10.98
14.93
25.00
10.71
14.01
1,068
439
597
1,000
428
560
41.8
40.0
40.0
55,549
22,829
31,053
52,000
22,273
29,137
2,175
2,080
2,080
14.93
17.55
14.01
18.41
597
702
560
737
40.0
40.0
31,053
36,505
29,137
38,301
2,080
2,080
17.02
17.68
681
707
40.0
35,400
36,774
2,080
18.65
19.08
746
763
40.0
38,786
39,686
2,080
16.55
15.45
663
618
40.1
34,463
32,140
2,083
20.60
21.77
824
871
40.0
42,851
45,282
2,080
13.93
12.38
557
495
40.0
28,984
25,750
2,080
17.06
15.74
687
642
40.3
35,718
33,384
2,094
27.26
29.57
1,125
1,289
41.3
58,504
67,032
2,146
16.43
11.25
657
450
40.0
34,171
23,400
2,080
11.36
9.63
454
385
40.0
23,633
20,035
2,080
12.05
10.40
473
410
39.2
23,976
20,800
1,989
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
$9.33
$10.92
$370
11.36
11.14
10.56
10.26
12.51
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Table 11. Full-time1 civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and
annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Transportation and material moving
occupations –Continued
Bus drivers ..........................................
Bus drivers, school .........................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers
Truck drivers, heavy and
tractor-trailer .............................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ..
Laborers and material movers, hand ..
Laborers and freight, stock, and
material movers, hand ..............
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$338
338
416
27.8
27.8
40.0
$15,004
15,004
25,718
$12,396
12,396
21,632
1,057
1,057
2,080
507
516
427
480
450
384
40.0
40.0
39.8
26,340
26,852
21,989
24,960
23,400
19,988
2,080
2,080
2,050
434
347
39.7
22,219
18,038
2,031
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
$14.19
14.19
12.36
$13.93
13.93
10.40
$395
395
495
12.66
12.91
10.73
12.00
11.25
10.00
10.94
9.25
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
Annual earnings5
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
27
Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$560
39.7
$33,718
$28,376
1,995
1,402
1,163
1,212
914
40.9
41.8
72,924
60,457
62,999
47,507
2,127
2,175
25.70
22.53
26.71
1,053
830
1,025
1,058
901
1,068
40.7
40.0
40.0
54,750
43,160
53,311
54,995
46,854
55,561
2,116
2,080
2,080
26.74
30.85
26.00
31.25
1,070
1,234
1,040
1,250
40.0
40.0
55,623
64,178
54,080
65,000
2,080
2,080
29.12
27.86
1,106
1,090
38.0
49,998
47,683
1,717
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$16.90
$14.46
$670
Management occupations ...................
Financial managers ............................
34.29
27.80
29.82
23.35
Business and financial operations
occupations ....................................
Buyers and purchasing agents ...........
Accountants and auditors ...................
25.87
20.75
25.63
Architecture and engineering
occupations ....................................
Engineers ...........................................
Education, training, and library
occupations ....................................
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers ............
Elementary and middle school
teachers ....................................
30.98
31.98
1,112
1,119
35.9
47,823
47,796
1,544
30.40
31.98
1,077
1,119
35.4
48,775
49,300
1,605
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ....................................
Registered nurses ..............................
21.87
22.65
17.78
22.71
864
892
737
902
39.5
39.4
44,921
46,388
38,314
46,890
2,054
2,048
Healthcare support occupations .........
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health
aides .............................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and
attendants .................................
12.23
10.35
479
412
39.1
24,883
21,424
2,034
10.68
10.90
409
409
38.3
21,292
21,255
1,994
10.68
10.90
409
409
38.3
21,292
21,255
1,994
Protective service occupations ...........
8.66
8.73
338
330
39.0
10,662
5,587
1,232
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ....................................
9.21
10.92
374
360
40.6
19,247
18,720
2,090
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
Building cleaning workers ...................
11.70
11.50
10.56
10.56
452
442
396
396
38.6
38.4
23,484
22,974
20,592
20,592
2,007
1,998
14.21
10.87
575
426
40.5
27,802
22,173
1,956
16.32
17.31
704
654
43.1
36,592
34,000
2,242
15.86
10.36
11.40
17.31
10.00
10.66
688
412
450
654
392
414
43.4
39.7
39.5
35,774
19,058
19,160
34,000
20,093
20,800
2,255
1,839
1,681
13.38
14.56
12.79
13.51
534
583
509
540
39.9
40.0
26,948
30,295
26,291
28,101
2,014
2,080
15.64
13.16
11.47
10.00
14.61
12.45
11.52
10.03
625
525
459
400
584
498
461
401
40.0
39.9
40.0
40.0
32,521
23,338
23,867
20,805
30,387
24,823
23,962
20,864
2,080
1,774
2,080
2,080
12.94
11.56
504
462
39.0
26,230
24,047
2,026
13.58
14.00
12.87
15.00
522
560
483
600
38.5
40.0
27,167
29,111
25,097
31,200
2,000
2,080
16.13
15.00
645
600
40.0
33,495
31,200
2,076
Sales and related occupations ............
First-line supervisors/managers, sales
workers .........................................
First-line supervisors/managers of
retail sales workers ...................
Retail sales workers ...........................
Retail salespersons ........................
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
Financial clerks ...................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and
auditing clerks ...........................
Customer service representatives ......
Receptionists and information clerks ..
Stock clerks and order fillers ..............
Secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................
Executive secretaries and
administrative assistants ..........
Office clerks, general ..........................
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Table 12. Full-time1 private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007 — Continued
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Construction and extraction
occupations –Continued
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction
workers .........................................
Construction laborers .........................
Electricians .........................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and
steamfitters ...................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and
steamfitters ...............................
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations ....................................
Miscellaneous installation,
maintenance, and repair workers
Production occupations ......................
First-line supervisors/managers of
production and operating workers
Miscellaneous assemblers and
fabricators .....................................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers,
and weighers ................................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers
Truck drivers, heavy and
tractor-trailer .............................
Industrial truck and tractor operators ..
Laborers and material movers, hand ..
Laborers and freight, stock, and
material movers, hand ..............
Annual earnings5
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$25.54
10.98
17.55
$25.00
10.71
18.41
$1,068
439
702
$1,000
428
737
41.8
40.0
40.0
$55,549
22,829
36,505
$52,000
22,273
38,301
2,175
2,080
2,080
15.78
13.70
631
548
40.0
32,813
28,504
2,080
17.57
17.89
703
716
40.0
36,542
37,211
2,080
16.69
15.50
668
618
40.1
34,759
32,140
2,083
13.93
12.38
557
495
40.0
28,984
25,750
2,080
17.06
15.74
687
642
40.3
35,718
33,384
2,094
27.26
29.57
1,125
1,289
41.3
58,504
67,032
2,146
16.43
11.25
657
450
40.0
34,171
23,400
2,080
11.36
9.63
454
385
40.0
23,633
20,035
2,080
11.93
12.28
10.35
10.40
476
491
410
416
39.9
40.0
24,683
25,532
21,010
21,632
2,070
2,080
12.42
12.91
10.73
11.75
11.25
10.00
497
516
427
470
450
384
40.0
40.0
39.8
25,832
26,852
21,989
24,440
23,400
19,988
2,080
2,080
2,050
10.94
9.25
434
347
39.7
22,219
18,038
2,031
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
29
Table 13. Full-time1 State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings
and mean weekly and annual hours, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$801
38.3
$41,387
$39,014
1,795
2,087
1,515
41.1
105,408
70,042
2,074
21.55
898
862
40.0
46,703
44,824
2,080
23.64
22.50
894
886
37.8
44,986
45,074
1,903
29.57
29.91
1,064
1,074
36.0
43,035
42,796
1,455
31.88
30.71
1,141
1,096
35.8
45,763
43,930
1,435
31.42
30.13
1,131
1,092
36.0
45,294
43,394
1,442
30.56
29.41
1,109
1,074
36.3
44,460
42,676
1,455
33.61
31.84
32.50
30.11
1,187
1,136
1,143
1,075
35.3
35.7
47,361
45,306
46,011
43,077
1,409
1,423
31.36
12.37
29.52
12.05
1,121
431
1,056
432
35.7
34.9
44,977
16,278
42,512
16,174
1,434
1,316
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ....................................
26.01
17.63
1,009
714
38.8
47,923
35,679
1,843
Protective service occupations ...........
Police officers .....................................
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ...
19.35
19.81
19.81
18.88
18.94
18.94
817
798
798
758
758
758
42.2
40.3
40.3
41,557
41,487
41,487
39,260
39,404
39,404
2,148
2,095
2,095
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations .............
10.72
10.37
423
412
39.5
20,672
20,072
1,929
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ................................................
$23.05
$20.31
$883
Management occupations ...................
50.82
37.88
Business and financial operations
occupations ....................................
22.45
Community and social services
occupations ....................................
Education, training, and library
occupations ....................................
Primary, secondary, and special
education school teachers ............
Elementary and middle school
teachers ....................................
Elementary school teachers,
except special education ......
Middle school teachers, except
special and vocational
education ..............................
Secondary school teachers ............
Secondary school teachers,
except special and vocational
education ..............................
Teacher assistants .............................
Office and administrative support
occupations ....................................
Secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................
16.36
16.02
633
626
38.7
32,511
32,025
1,988
15.69
16.09
614
626
39.1
31,763
31,500
2,024
Construction and extraction
occupations ....................................
16.60
14.98
664
599
40.0
34,537
31,158
2,080
Transportation and material moving
occupations ....................................
Bus drivers ..........................................
Bus drivers, school .........................
13.98
14.19
14.19
13.71
13.93
13.93
431
395
395
409
338
338
30.8
27.8
27.8
17,512
15,004
15,004
14,169
12,396
12,396
1,252
1,057
1,057
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time
schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a
worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time
employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm,
where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of
overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries
paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of
the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual
hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of
overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for
categories not shown separately
30
Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings1 of private industry establishments
for major occupational groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Occupational group2
Total
1-99
workers
100-499
workers
500
workers
or more
All workers ....................................................................
$15.16
$13.38
$14.73
$21.38
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
24.99
30.51
21.84
8.88
12.91
12.57
13.20
16.11
15.99
16.34
13.46
16.81
10.88
21.82
28.72
19.45
8.66
13.31
13.37
13.26
15.22
15.32
14.93
11.82
12.53
11.49
24.61
25.53
23.84
9.49
12.12
11.33
12.97
17.76
–
17.69
10.96
13.30
9.53
29.02
35.80
24.08
10.01
12.57
8.99
13.27
–
–
–
20.62
–
11.68
Relative error3 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
3.3
4.6
9.1
7.5
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
7.2
10.2
6.5
5.5
5.1
10.2
1.8
6.6
9.9
4.1
9.4
14.1
10.2
10.1
10.4
11.5
7.4
8.1
14.0
3.5
7.9
11.3
5.4
6.6
10.7
9.7
7.2
5.5
11.3
5.6
3.2
6.0
5.2
11.6
–
17.7
13.7
8.0
13.6
12.3
17.5
6.3
10.7
3.0
5.0
3.5
–
–
–
12.6
–
1.3
1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries
paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers
and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
See appendix A for more information.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to
calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate.
For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation
Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria.
31
Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$527
39.6
$29,437
$26,000
1,955
1,240
898
44.3
64,470
46,671
2,301
27.57
1,273
1,160
42.8
66,209
60,299
2,223
24.60
17.50
953
684
38.8
49,573
35,568
2,015
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ........................................................
9.34
11.50
385
527
41.3
20,030
27,389
2,145
Sales and related occupations ................................
First-line supervisors/managers, sales workers .....
Retail sales workers ...............................................
Retail salespersons ............................................
15.09
16.32
9.89
11.41
11.50
17.31
9.52
10.66
619
720
398
465
426
654
357
426
41.0
44.1
40.3
40.8
29,207
37,453
17,495
15,717
22,173
34,000
16,848
18,564
1,935
2,295
1,769
1,377
Office and administrative support occupations ....
Financial clerks .......................................................
13.30
14.90
13.11
14.61
531
596
525
584
40.0
40.0
26,196
30,993
26,000
30,387
1,970
2,080
Construction and extraction occupations .............
Construction laborers .............................................
15.47
10.98
14.01
10.71
618
439
560
428
40.0
40.0
32,110
22,829
29,137
22,273
2,075
2,080
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
14.80
14.00
593
560
40.1
30,861
29,120
2,085
Production occupations ..........................................
12.54
10.50
511
420
40.7
26,557
21,840
2,118
Transportation and material moving occupations
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers ...................
12.07
12.06
10.00
10.00
482
482
400
400
39.9
40.0
25,010
25,075
20,800
20,800
2,072
2,080
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ....................................................................
$15.06
$13.40
$597
Management occupations .......................................
28.02
22.44
Business and financial operations occupations ...
29.78
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ........................................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not
shown separately
32
Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean
weekly and annual hours for full-time1 private industry workers, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Hourly earnings3
Weekly earnings4
Occupation2
Annual earnings5
Mean
weekly
hours
Mean
Median
Mean
annual
hours
$673
39.7
$39,476
$35,006
2,049
1,469
1,406
39.5
76,384
73,112
2,055
24.04
22.53
973
830
962
901
39.9
40.0
50,580
43,160
49,999
46,854
2,077
2,080
26.48
30.49
25.75
31.25
1,059
1,220
1,030
1,250
40.0
40.0
55,077
63,420
53,560
65,000
2,080
2,080
Education, training, and library occupations ........
31.94
29.36
1,243
1,174
38.9
54,379
47,840
1,702
Healthcare practitioner and technical
occupations ........................................................
Registered nurses ..................................................
19.77
24.85
17.80
25.41
792
980
749
1,016
40.1
39.4
41,200
50,936
38,942
52,853
2,084
2,050
Healthcare support occupations .............................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides ..........
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ............
10.42
10.35
10.35
10.39
10.23
10.23
405
400
400
407
400
400
38.9
38.6
38.6
21,049
20,792
20,792
21,158
20,821
20,821
2,021
2,010
2,010
Food preparation and serving related
occupations ........................................................
8.39
8.50
309
330
36.8
15,058
12,246
1,794
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations ........................................................
Building cleaning workers .......................................
11.70
11.50
10.56
10.56
452
442
396
396
38.6
38.4
23,484
22,974
20,592
20,592
2,007
1,998
Sales and related occupations ................................
Retail sales workers ...............................................
Retail salespersons ............................................
11.90
11.30
11.39
10.45
10.35
10.35
465
437
440
414
412
410
39.1
38.7
38.6
23,961
22,496
22,863
21,526
21,320
21,320
2,014
1,991
2,007
Office and administrative support occupations ....
Financial clerks .......................................................
Customer service representatives ..........................
Secretaries and administrative assistants ..............
Executive secretaries and administrative
assistants ......................................................
Office clerks, general ..............................................
13.47
13.76
13.17
13.28
12.73
13.02
12.29
12.71
536
550
527
511
506
521
492
477
39.8
40.0
40.0
38.5
27,781
28,611
27,081
26,597
26,333
27,082
25,418
24,814
2,063
2,080
2,056
2,003
13.08
13.43
12.71
13.36
502
537
477
535
38.4
40.0
26,099
27,938
24,785
27,797
1,995
2,080
Construction and extraction occupations .............
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters ...............
18.65
17.08
17.08
18.41
17.89
17.89
746
683
683
737
716
716
40.0
40.0
40.0
38,798
35,536
35,536
38,301
37,211
37,211
2,080
2,080
2,080
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
19.44
18.29
777
732
40.0
40,426
38,043
2,080
Production occupations ..........................................
19.71
18.78
789
751
40.0
41,006
39,062
2,080
Transportation and material moving occupations
Industrial truck and tractor operators ......................
Laborers and material movers, hand ......................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material
movers, hand ................................................
11.58
12.89
10.78
10.79
11.25
10.00
464
515
432
432
450
400
40.1
40.0
40.1
23,926
26,801
22,200
22,443
23,400
20,800
2,066
2,080
2,059
11.21
8.22
451
329
40.2
22,827
17,096
2,036
Mean
Median
Mean
Median
All workers ....................................................................
$19.27
$16.90
$764
Management occupations .......................................
37.17
37.43
Business and financial operations occupations ...
Buyers and purchasing agents ...............................
24.35
20.75
Architecture and engineering occupations ...........
Engineers ...............................................................
1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule
based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a
35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one
establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is
the minimum full-time schedule.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.
They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime.
5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to
employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are
paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an
employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not
shown separately
33
Table 17. Union1 and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational groups, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Union
Nonunion
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
All workers ....................................................................
$17.03
$17.03
–
$16.20
$15.02
$22.32
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
–
–
–
–
23.90
–
23.90
19.53
19.64
–
16.94
17.84
15.33
–
–
–
–
23.90
–
23.90
19.53
19.64
–
16.94
17.84
15.33
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
26.09
31.55
23.77
10.06
13.12
12.63
13.48
15.56
15.56
15.55
12.80
16.47
10.55
24.99
30.51
21.84
8.70
12.83
12.57
13.06
15.41
15.35
15.52
12.76
16.47
10.36
28.67
37.82
27.15
16.59
15.86
–
15.84
16.32
16.60
–
13.98
–
13.98
Occupational group3
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
7.6
7.6
–
2.9
3.4
3.8
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
–
–
–
–
9.7
–
9.7
5.8
6.3
–
8.0
8.0
14.9
–
–
–
–
9.7
–
9.7
5.8
6.3
–
8.0
8.0
14.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
9.2
4.4
6.3
4.6
10.0
2.0
5.9
8.7
5.2
11.4
21.8
7.4
7.2
10.2
6.5
6.1
5.1
10.2
2.0
6.8
10.0
6.0
11.7
21.8
7.8
4.7
22.7
3.4
10.5
6.1
–
6.2
7.1
9.0
–
3.3
–
3.3
1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through
collective bargaining.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to
employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and
hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays,
nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay
of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See
appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard
Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more
information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a
percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval"
around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix
A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet
publication criteria.
34
Table 18. Time and incentive workers1: Mean hourly earnings2 for major occupational
groups, Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Time
Occupational group3
Incentive
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
Civilian
workers
Private
industry
workers
All workers ....................................................................
$16.08
$14.91
$21.07
$21.07
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
25.99
31.60
23.77
10.12
12.51
10.84
13.60
16.05
–
15.99
13.44
16.81
10.96
24.82
30.48
21.84
8.84
12.12
10.73
13.19
16.01
15.99
16.03
13.43
16.81
10.81
–
–
–
–
19.73
22.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.73
22.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ....................................................................
3.0
3.5
9.4
9.4
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
5.2
9.8
4.4
5.9
2.7
5.4
2.0
5.7
–
3.8
9.2
14.1
10.0
7.5
11.1
6.5
5.6
2.9
5.5
1.9
6.5
9.9
4.1
9.5
14.1
10.5
–
–
–
–
18.5
26.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18.5
26.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate
or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at
least partially based on productivity payments such as piece
rates, commissions, and production bonuses.
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries
paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living
adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for
overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and
tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers
and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours.
See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See
appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error
expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to
calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate.
For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation
Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that
data did not meet publication criteria.
35
Table 19. Industry sector1: Mean hourly earnings2 for private industry workers by major occupational group, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Goods producing
Service providing
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade,
transportation,
and utilities
Information
Financial
activities
Professional and
business
services
Education
and
health
services
Leisure
and
hospitality
Other
services
All workers ................................................
$16.04
$21.40
$12.14
–
–
–
$17.81
–
–
Management, professional, and related
Management, business, and financial
Professional and related .....................
Service ....................................................
Sales and office ......................................
Sales and related ................................
Office and administrative support .......
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance .....................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ..
Production, transportation, and material
moving ..............................................
Production ..........................................
Transportation and material moving ...
31.84
31.84
–
–
12.94
–
12.94
39.48
–
29.02
–
14.24
–
14.24
22.33
–
–
8.47
11.72
11.04
13.25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.16
25.82
22.59
10.38
12.78
–
12.75
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.04
–
19.26
19.40
16.02
15.91
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.11
–
14.03
17.65
18.81
12.50
11.26
13.09
10.48
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Occupational group3
Relative error4 (percent)
All workers ................................................
12.3
4.5
6.0
–
–
–
5.4
–
–
Management, professional, and related
Management, business, and financial
Professional and related .....................
Service ....................................................
Sales and office ......................................
Sales and related ................................
Office and administrative support .......
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance .....................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ..
Production, transportation, and material
moving ..............................................
Production ..........................................
Transportation and material moving ...
14.0
14.0
–
–
.7
–
.7
8.4
–
4.5
–
3.2
–
3.2
20.2
–
–
4.5
5.6
3.7
5.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.8
1.9
6.8
11.8
.7
–
.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.3
–
4.3
5.9
2.0
2.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.1
–
5.4
17.2
20.7
2.4
6.4
10.4
9.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).
2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They
include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are
premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The
mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of
workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information.
3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational
Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information.
4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of
the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample
estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication
criteria.
36
Appendix A: Technical Note
T
developed using the most recent month of reference available at the time the sample was selected. Approximately
one-fifth of the sample is reselected each year.
his section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data contained
in this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for
the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing
the data. Although this section answers some questions
commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive
description of all of the steps required to produce the data.
Sample design
The sample for this survey area was selected using a twostage stratified design with probability proportional to employment sampling at each stage. The first stage of sample
selection was a probability sample of establishments. The
sample of establishments was drawn by first stratifying the
sampling frame by industry and ownership. The number of
sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the stratum employment. Each
sampled establishment is selected within a stratum with a
probability proportional to its employment. Use of this
technique means that the larger an establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of selection. Weights were
applied to each establishment when the data were tabulated
so that it represents similar units (by industry and employment size) in the economy that were not selected for collection. The second stage of sample selection, detailed below,
was a probability sample of occupations within a sampled
establishment.
Planning for the survey
The overall design of the National Compensation Survey
(NCS) includes questions of scope, frame, and sample selection.
Survey scope
This survey covered establishments employing one worker
or more in private goods-producing industries (mining,
construction, and manufacturing); private service-providing
industries (trade, transportation, and utilities, information,
financial activities, professional and business services, education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and other
services); State governments; and local governments. Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, private households,
and the Federal Government were excluded from the scope
of the survey. For purposes of this survey, an establishment is an economic unit that produces goods or services, a
central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit providing
support services to a company. For private industries in
this survey, the establishment is usually at a single physical
location. For State and local governments, an establishment
is defined as all locations of a government agency within
the sampled area.
The statistical area covered by this survey is defined by
the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as of
December 2003. The Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport
News, VA–NC, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) includes Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk,
Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg Cities, and Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James
City, Mathews, Surry, and York Counties, VA; and Currituck County, NC.
Data collection
The collection of data from survey respondents required
detailed procedures. Field economists collected the data,
working out of the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) Regional Offices and visiting each establishment surveyed.
Other contact methods, such as mail and telephone, were
used to clarify and update data.
Occupational selection and classification
Identification of the occupations for which wage data were
to be collected was a multistep process:
1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs
2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the
2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system
3. Characterization of jobs as full-time versus parttime, union versus nonunion, and time versus incentive
4. Determination of the level of work of each job
Sampling frame
The list of establishments from which the survey sample
was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State
unemployment insurance reports. Due to the volatility of
industries within the private sector, sampling frames were
A-1
For each occupation, wage data were collected for those
workers whose jobs could be characterized by the criteria
identified in the last three steps. If a specific work level
could not be determined, wages were still collected.
In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each
establishment by the BLS field economist. A complete list
of employees was used for sampling, with each selected
worker representing a job within the establishment.
As with the selection of establishments, the selection of
a job was based on probability proportional to its size in
the establishment. The greater the number of people working in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of
selection.
The number of jobs for which data were collected in
each establishment was based on the establishment’s employment size. The number of jobs selected followed this
schedule:
Number
of employees
Number
of selected jobs
1–49
50–249
250 or more
Up to 4
6
8
The second step of the process entailed classifying the
selected jobs into occupations based on their duties. NCS
uses the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system. A selected job may fall into any one of about 800
occupational classifications, from accountant to zoologist.
When workers could be classified in more than one occupation, they were classified in the occupation that required the
higher skill level. When there was no perceptible difference in skill level, the workers were classified in the occupation that described their primary activity.
Each occupational classification is an element of a
broader classification known as a major group. Occupations can fall into any of 22 major groups. Appendix B
contains a complete list of all individual occupations, classified by the major group to which they belong.
In step three, certain other job characteristics of the
chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based
on the establishment’s definition of those terms. Then, the
worker was classified as having a time versus incentive job,
depending on whether any part of pay was directly based
on the actual production of the worker, rather than solely
on hours worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of
terms” section on the following page for more detail.
Occupational leveling
In the last step before wage data were collected, the work
level of each selected job was determined using a “point
factor leveling” process. Point factor leveling matches certain aspects of a job to specific levels of work with as-
A-2
signed point values. Points for each factor are then totaled
to determine the overall work level for the job.
The NCS program is in the process of converting from a
nine-factor to a four-factor occupational leveling system.
The conversion is being phased in via annual NCS sample
replenishment groups and will require several years for full
implementation. The four occupational leveling factors
are:
• Knowledge
• Job controls and complexity
• Contacts (nature and purpose)
• Physical environment
Each factor consists of several levels, and each level has
an associated description and assigned points. A knowledge guide for 24 families of closely related occupations
contains short definitions of the point levels of knowledge
expected for the occupations and presents relevant examples. The other three factors use identical descriptions for
all occupational categories and contain a definition of each
point level within each factor.
The description within each factor best matching the job
is chosen. The point levels within each factor are designed
to describe the thresholds of distinct levels of work. When
a job does not meet the full description of a point level, the
next lowest point level is used. Points for the four factors
are totaled to determine the overall work level. NCS publishes data for up to 15 work levels.
Most supervisory occupations are evaluated based on
their duties and responsibilities. A modified approach is
used for professional and administrative supervisors when
they direct professional work and are paid primarily to supervise. Such supervisory occupations are leveled based
on the work level of the highest position reporting to them.
For a complete description of point factor leveling, refer
to the publication “National Compensation Survey: Guide
for Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs and Pay,” available at the
BLS National Compensation Survey Internet site at
http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ocs/sp/ncbr0004.pdf.
Combined work levels
This bulletin includes a table which simplifies the presentation of work levels by combining them into four broad
groups. The groups were determined by combinations of
knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, physical
environment, and supervisory duties, and are meant to be
comparable across different occupations. The broad
groups and the combined work levels are:
Group
designation
Levels
combined
Group I
Group II
Group III
Group IV
Levels 1–4
Levels 5–8
Levels 9–12
Levels 13–15
Collection period
Survey data were collected over a 13-month period for 60
metropolitan areas in the NCS program. For 20 small metropolitan areas, data were collected over a 4-month period.
For each establishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s most recent information at the time of collection. The payroll reference month shown in the tables reflects the average date of this information for all sample
units.
Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are
solely tied to an hourly rate or salary.
Earnings
Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time
hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings:
Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation
when all of the following conditions are met:
•
•
•
•
•
Incentive pay, including commissions, production
bonuses, and piece rates
Cost-of-living allowances
Hazard pay
Payments of income deferred due to participation
in a salary reduction plan
Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight
or passengers
The following forms of payments were not considered
part of straight-time earnings:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for
working a schedule that varies from the norm, such
as night or weekend work
Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends
Bonuses not directly tied to production (such as
Christmas and profit-sharing bonuses)
Uniform and tool allowances
Free or subsidized room and board
Payments made by third parties (for example, tips)
On-call pay
To calculate earnings for various periods (hourly,
weekly, and annual), data on work schedules also were collected. For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per
day and per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded.
Annual weeks worked were determined. Because salaried
workers who are exempt from overtime provisions often
work beyond the assigned work schedule, their typical
number of hours actually worked was collected.
Definition of terms
Full-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be full time.
Part-time worker. Any employee whom the employer considers to be part time.
A-3
Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,
at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.
Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not
meeting the conditions for union coverage.
•
•
•
A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation
Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations
Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed, mutually binding collective bargaining agreement
Level. A ranking within an occupation based on the requirements of the position.
Processing and analyzing the data
Data were processed and analyzed at the BLS National Office following collection.
Weighting and nonresponse
Sample weights were calculated for each establishment and
occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative size of the occupation within the establishment and of
the establishment within the sample universe. Weights
were used to aggregate data for the individual establishments or occupations into the various data series. Some of
the establishments surveyed could not supply or refused to
supply information. If data were not provided by a sample
member during the initial interview, the weights of responding sample members in the same or similar “cells”
were adjusted to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that the mean value of data for the nonrespondents equals the mean value of data for the respondents at some detailed “cell” level. Responding and
nonresponding establishments were classified into these
cells according to industry and employment size. Responding and nonresponding occupations within responding establishments were classified into cells that were additionally defined by major occupation group.
If average hourly earnings data were not provided by a
sample member during the update interview, then missing
average hourly earnings were imputed by multiplying prior
average hourly earnings by the rate of change in the average hourly earnings of respondents. The regression model
that takes into account available establishment characteris-
tics is used to derive the rate of change in the average
hourly earnings.
Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights
changed to zero.
Estimation
The wage series in the tables are computed by combining
the wages for each sampled occupation. Before being
combined, individual wage rates are weighted by the number of workers; the sample weight, adjusted for nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the occupation’s scheduled hours of work. The sample weight reflects
the inverse of each unit’s probability of selection at each
sample selection stage and four weight adjustment factors.
The first factor adjusts for establishment nonresponse and
the second factor adjusts for occupational nonresponse.
The third factor adjusts for any special situations that may
have occurred during data collection. The fourth factor,
post-stratification, also called benchmarking, is introduced
to adjust estimated employment totals to the current counts
of employment by industry. The latest available employment counts were used to derive average hourly earnings in
this publication.
Not all calculated series met the criteria for publication.
Before any series was published, it was reviewed to make
sure that the number of observations underlying it was sufficient. This review prevented the publication of a series
that could have revealed information about a specific establishment.
Estimates of the number of workers represent the total
in all establishments within the scope of the study, and not
the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of the number
of workers obtained from the sample of establishments
serve to indicate only the relative importance of the occupational groups studied.
Percentiles
The percentiles presented in tables 6 through 10 are computed using earnings reported for individual workers in
sampled establishment jobs and their scheduled hours of
work. Establishments in the survey may report only individual-worker earnings for each sampled job. For the calculation of percentile estimates, the individual-worker
hourly earnings are appropriately weighted and then arrayed from lowest to highest.
The published 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution within
A-4
each published occupation. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the
rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the
rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours
are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the
75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more
than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow
the same logic.
Data reliability
The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically
selected probability sample. There are two types of errors
possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling
and nonsampling.
Sampling errors occur because observations come only
from a sample and not from an entire population. The
sample used for this survey is one of a number of possible
samples of the same size that could have been selected using the sample design. Estimates derived from the different
samples would differ from each other.
A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the average result of all possible
samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard
error divided by the estimate. RSE data are provided
alongside the earnings data in the bulletin tables.
The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence interval” around a sample estimate. As an example,
suppose a table shows that mean hourly earnings for all
workers were $17.75, with a relative standard error of 1.0
percent for this estimate. At the 90-percent level, the confidence interval for this estimate is from $17.46 to $18.04
($17.75 minus and plus $0.29, where $0.29 is the product
of 1.645 times 1.0 percent times $17.75). If all possible
samples were selected to estimate the population value, the
interval from each sample would include the true population value approximately 90 percent of the time.
Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They
can stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey
definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct
information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data obtained. Although they were not specifically measured, the
nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the
extensive training of the field economists who gathered the
survey data, computer edits of the data, and detailed data
review.
Appendix table 1. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
Civilian
workers
Occupational group2
Private
industry
workers
State and
local
government
workers
All workers ....................................................................
705,700
597,000
108,600
Management, professional, and related .....................
Management, business, and financial ....................
Professional and related .........................................
Service ........................................................................
Sales and office ..........................................................
Sales and related ....................................................
Office and administrative support ...........................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ....
Construction and extraction ...................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair ......................
Production, transportation, and material moving ........
Production ..............................................................
Transportation and material moving .......................
170,300
43,500
126,700
166,100
188,000
84,100
103,800
69,200
45,400
23,800
112,100
43,300
68,800
112,600
37,200
75,500
144,100
172,800
83,100
89,600
59,900
39,000
21,000
107,600
43,300
64,300
57,600
6,400
51,300
22,000
15,200
–
14,200
9,300
6,400
–
4,500
–
4,500
1 The number of workers represented by the
survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of
the number of workers provide a description of size
and composition of the labor force included in the
survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for
comparison to other statistical series to measure
employment trends or levels.
2 Workers are classified by occupation using the
2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
system. See appendix B for more information.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National
Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria.
A-5
Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Virginia
Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC, July 2007
State and
local
government
Establishments
Total
Private
industry
Total in sampling frame1 ................................................
33,969
33,228
741
Total in sample ...............................................................
Responding ............................................................
Refused or unable to provide data .........................
Out of business or not in survey scope ..................
304
190
81
33
277
163
81
33
27
27
0
0
1 The list of establishments from which the
survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was
developed from State unemployment insurance
reports and is based on the 2002 North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private
industries, an establishment is usually a single
physical location. For State and local governments,
an establishment is defined as all locations of a
government entity.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National
Compensation Survey.
NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or
that data did not meet publication criteria.
A-6