Extended Mass Layoffs
in 2001
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
August 2002
Report 963
Introduction
Highlights
he Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts the mass
layoff statistics program to provide information on
large-scale layoff events and on the characteristics of
dislocated workers. Each month, BLS reports on the number
of mass layoff actions by employers and, each quarter, there
is a separate report on the number and characteristics of
those mass layoffs that last more than 30 days. This report
extends that analysis for the entire 2001 calendar year, providing information on the industry, geographic distribution,
and size of mass layoffs; the demographic characteristics of
those claiming unemployment insurance; the duration of
certified unemployment; the expectation of recall; and the
extent of permanent worksite closures.
In 2001, employers laid off approximately 1.8 million workers in 8,352 extended mass layoff actions. Layoff activity
rose sharply in 2001, reaching the highest layoff event and
separation levels since BLS studies of mass layoffs were
reinstated in 1995. These higher levels of layoff activity
continued through each quarter of 2001, with the fourth quarter of 2001 registering the highest layoff event and separation figures in the program’s history. (See table 1.) In 2001,
internal company restructuring surpassed seasonal work for
the first time as the reason for layoffs most cited by employers. Over the 2000-2001 period, the annual average national
unemployment rate increased from 4.0 percent to 4.8 percent,
and nonfarm payroll employment increased by only 0.2 percent, or 202,000 jobs.
This report presents recent data from the BLS Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program. Extended mass layoffs refer to
layoffs of at least 31 days’ duration that involve the filing of
initial claims for unemployment insurance by 50 or more individuals from a single establishment during a consecutive 5week period. This report uses the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) for the assignment and tabulation of layoff data by industry. However, appendix A, included at the end of the report, displays selected tables of
2001 industry data using the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system. Additional information about the MLS
program is provided in the form of a technical note in appendix B.
Industry distribution of 2001 mass layoffs
• Manufacturing industries accounted for 40 percent of
layoff events and 37 percent of separations in the private
sector in 2001, up from one-third of both events and separations in 2000. Layoffs in manufacturing were most prevalent
in computer and electronic products (mostly semiconductors and electronic components), transportation equipment,
and food manufacturing. These three sectors accounted for
41 percent of the layoff events and 46 percent of the separations in manufacturing in 2001. In contrast to developments
in 2000, the largest increase in laid-off workers in manufacturing—64,893, or 1,564 percent—occurred among establishments manufacturing semiconductor and electronic components. (See table 2.)
T
• Agriculture accounted for more than 9 percent of all
layoff events and for more than 10 percent of all separations,
mainly due to the end of seasonal work. (See table 2.) Layoff
events and separations were most prevalent in agriculture
and forestry support activities and in crop production.
• Employers involved in the manufacturing and distribution of computers (including semiconductors) accounted
for 9 percent of private-sector layoff events and separations.
The number of laid-off workers rose by 121,366, or 464 percent, in 2001, reaching the highest levels the industry has
recorded. (See tables 2 and 3.)
• Administrative and waste services accounted for more
than 7 percent of all layoff events and for 10 percent of all
separations, due largely to the completion of contracts in
professional employer organizations and temporary help
agencies. (See table 2.)
• Manufacturers and distributors of clothing reported
laying off 107,018 workers. This represents an increase of 51
percent over the number posted in 2000, during which the
industry’s lowest level of separations was recorded. (See
tables 2 and 3.)
1
• Employers involved in food production, processing,
and distribution accounted for 18 percent of all private-sector separations, or 298,708 workers. Layoff activity in this
industry group remained about the same as that experienced
in 2000. (See tables 2 and 3.)
workers), due largely to layoffs in computer and electronic
products, in accommodation, and in administrative and support services. Financial difficulty (+91,618) and bankruptcy
(+79,796) were the next most common reasons for layoff.
Separations attributable to these three reasons were at the
top in terms of percentage increases when compared to 2000.
Layoffs due to the end of seasonal work and to the secondary effects of a labor dispute had the largest decreases in
worker separations (-13,098 and -10,218, respectively). (See
tables 5 and 6.)
• Among the major sectors, information had the largest
percentage increase in separations resulting from layoffs,
followed by real estate and rental and leasing companies.
Health care and social assistance and agriculture registered
the largest percentage decreases in laid-off workers. (See
table 3.)
• Following the September 11 terrorist attacks, employ-
ers reported 417 layoff events involving 118,826 workers.
Thirty-three States had layoff activity related either directly
or indirectly to the September 11 incidents. Fifty-three percent of these layoff events and 55 percent of the separations
occurred in just five States—California, Nevada, Illinois, New
York, and Texas. Among those laid off because of the terrorist attacks, 38 percent, or 44,956 workers, had been employed
in the scheduled air transportation industry. An additional
25 percent, or 29,644 workers, had been employed in hotels
and motels. Sixty-eight percent of the employers citing the
events of September 11 as a secondary cause of layoff indicated a nonseasonal lack of demand for product or services
(slack work) as the primary reason for the layoff, accounting
for 58 percent of the laid-off workers. (See tables 7 and 8.)
• Among the 101 three-digit NAICS-coded industry
groups identified in the MLS program, 70 posted increases
in the number of separated workers during 2001. Computer
and electronic product manufacturing had the largest increase
(+109,380 workers), followed by administrative and support
services (+89,698) and air transportation (+51,331). Twentysix industries registered decreases, led by agriculture and
forestry support activities (-12,383) and hospitals (-9,973).
• Among three-digit NAICS industries, establishments
engaged in computer and electronic product manufacturing,
air transportation, professional and technical services, and
machinery manufacturing moved into the top 10 in terms of
numbers of worker separations. These industries replaced
general merchandise stores, transit and ground passenger
transportation, construction of buildings, and specialty trade
contractors. (See table 4.)
Size of layoff
• Layoff events in 2001 continued to be concentrated at
the lower end of the layoff-size spectrum, with 58 percent
involving fewer than 150 workers. This figure has remained
fairly consistent, ranging from 58 to 60 percent annually.
These layoffs, however, accounted for only 24 percent of all
separations. Separations involving 500 or more workers accounted for 34 percent of all separations, about the same
percentage posted in each of the last 2 years. (See table 9.)
Reason for layoff
• For the first time, the number of workers laid off due to
internal company restructuring, at 500,487, surpassed the
number separated from seasonal work. This represented a
near-doubling of restructuring-related separations since 2000.
(See table 5.) These layoffs occurred largely in manufacturing (mostly in computer and electronic products, transportation equipment, and primary metals), in retail trade (primarily
general merchandise stores), and in administrative and waste
services (largely professional employer services).
• Layoffs averaged 210 separations per layoff event in
2001, up slightly from 2000 and equaling 1998 as the highest
on record. Among private sector establishments, employers
in arts, entertainment, and recreation (mostly amusement,
gambling, and recreation employers) reported the largest average layoff size, 316, followed by transportation and warehousing, with 297 workers (largely air transportation). Establishments with the smallest average layoff size were those
in educational services (110 workers) and in health care and
social assistance (137 workers). (See table 10.)
• Employers citing the end of seasonal work as the reason for layoff accounted for the lowest percentage of events
(27 percent) and separations (28 percent) on record. (See
table 5.) Historically, seasonal work has accounted for about
40 percent of annual layoff events and separations. In 2001,
seasonal layoffs occurred primarily in food production (agriculture and food processing) establishments located in California.
• Employers citing bankruptcy as the reason for layoff
had the highest average layoff size per layoff event (467
workers), followed by those reporting model changeover (372
workers), labor dispute (290 workers), and energy-related
layoffs (274 workers). Layoffs due to a material shortage and
inclement weather averaged the fewest separations per layoff event (99 and 104 workers, respectively). (See table 10.)
• Layoffs due to a nonseasonal lack of demand for products and services (slack work) rose sharply in 2001 (+226,591
2
• Employers reporting the worksite as permanently
wholesale trade (primarily among durable-goods merchant
wholesalers). Claimants laid off from accommodation and
food services (mostly in hotels and motels, except casino
hotels) had the shortest spells of jobless duration, followed
by other services, except public administration. (See table
15.)
closed averaged 303 separations per layoff event. (See table
10.)
• Layoffs directly and indirectly attributable to the September 11 terrorist attacks averaged 285 laid-off workers.
• Benefit exhaustion rates were highest among workers
in education, wholesale trade, and agriculture, while workers laid off in accommodation and food services, in transportation and warehousing, and in construction had the lowest
rates. (See table 15.)
Initial claimants
• There were 1,609,705 initial claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events
in 2001. Of these, 42 percent were women, 14 percent were
black, 19 percent were Hispanic, and 13 percent were 55 years
of age or older. About 2 out of 5 claimants were between the
ages of 30 and 44. (See table 11.) Of the total civilian labor
force in 2001, 47 percent were women, 12 percent were black,
11 percent were Hispanic, and 13 percent were 55 years of
age or older. Thirty-eight percent of the civilian labor force
was between the ages of 30 and 44.
• Claimants laid off due to non-natural disaster had the
longest jobless duration, followed by those laid off due to
energy-related concerns and the relocation of establishments
outside of the United States. The shortest duration occurred in layoffs due to vacations and environmental concerns. (See table 15.)
• Black claimants and claimants who are Asian or Pacific
• The proportion of Hispanic claimants declined to 19
Islanders had higher benefit exhaustion rates than other race
and ethnic groups, while white claimants had the lowest. By
age, the older a claimant, the more likely he or she was to
exhaust benefits. Women had higher exhaustion rates than
men. (See table 16.)
percent from 25 percent in 1999. The proportions of both
Asian or Pacific Islander and white claimants increased over
the year. (See table 12.)
• Eighty-eight percent of the claimants in agriculture were
of Hispanic origin, about the same percentage as in 2000.
The highest percentage of claimants aged 55 and older was
in arts, entertainment, and recreation. For claimants under 30
years of age, the highest proportions were in retail trade and
in administrative and waste services. Men continued to account for more than 90 percent of the claimants in mining and
construction. At the other extreme, 88 percent of the claimants in health care and social assistance were women. (See
tables 12 and 13.)
Geographic distribution
• In 2001, each of the four geographic regions reached
record levels of layoff activity. For the fifth time in the last 6
years, employers in the West reported the highest number of
separations, primarily among establishments engaged in food
production (agriculture and food manufacturing). (See table
17.) Excluding the impact of seasonal layoffs, the Midwest
(373,640) had the highest number of separated workers in
extended mass layoff events.
Duration of insured unemployment
• West Virginia had the longest duration of insured unemployment associated with extended mass layoff events
(as measured by the period of continued claims for unemployment insurance following the initial claim), followed by
the District of Columbia, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
Claimants experiencing the shortest jobless duration were
separated from employers located in Kentucky, Hawaii,
Alaska, Nebraska, and Wyoming. (See table 14.)
• Compared with the experience in 2000, increases in the
number of separations occurred in all four geographic regions, with the Midwest (+167,189) reporting the largest increase, followed by the West (+163,047), and the South
(+151,308). All nine geographic divisions reported an increase from 2000, led by the East North Central (+123,870)
and Pacific (+108,435) divisions. (See table 17.)
• Thirty-two States and the District of Columbia reached
their highest annual totals of laid-off workers since the MLS
program resumed in 1995. California had the largest number
of worker separations, 388,339, mostly from food production, administrative and support services, and computer and
electronic product manufacturing. The States with the nexthighest totals of separations were Illinois (173,892), Texas
(101,913), Florida (97,585), and Michigan (95,873). (See table
18.) Even when the substantial impact of seasonal layoffs is
excluded, California still had the highest separations total for
2001.
• Wyoming reported the largest proportion of claimants
exhausting unemployment insurance benefits, followed by
Georgia, Tennessee, and Arizona. States reporting the lowest percentages of exhaustees were Nebraska and Alaska.
(See table 14.)
• The longest average jobless duration was experienced
by claimants laid off from finance and insurance (largely in
securities, commodity contracts, and investments) and from
3
• Forty-five states and the District of Columbia had over-
lowest percentage of recall expectation, followed by those
citing bankruptcy, business ownership change, the discontinuation of a product line, and the relocation of an establishment within the United States. (See table 21.)
the-year increases in the number of laid-off workers, led by
California (+72,053), Illinois (+56,907), Florida (+43,864), New
York (+39,712), and Michigan (+37,521). Of the five States
reporting an over-the-year decline, Alaska (-3,384) and Ohio
(-1,790) experienced the sharpest decreases. (See table 18.)
• Manufacturing industries accounted for 49 percent of
all events and 46 percent of the separations for which the
employer did not expect a recall. These occurred mainly in
computer and electronic products (primarily in bare printed
circuit boards and in semiconductors and related devices),
transportation equipment (mostly in aircraft manufacturing),
and machinery manufacturing (largely in air-conditioning,
refrigeration, and forced air heating). (See table 22.)
• Sixty-eight percent of events and 64 percent of separa-
tions occurred in metropolitan areas, a slight increase from
2000, when 63 percent of events and 60 percent of separations occurred in such areas. Among the 331 Metropolitan
Statistical Areas, Chicago reported the highest number of
separations (89,087), mainly from computer and electronic
product manufacturing, administrative and support services,
and air transportation. San Jose, New York, and Las Vegas,
entered the top 10 metropolitan areas in terms of laid-off
workers, replacing Yuma, AZ, Riverside-San Bernardino, CA,
and Salinas, CA. (See table 19.) Employers located in
nonmetropolitan areas separated 247,911 workers in mass
layoffs, up 25 percent, or 48,802 workers, from 2000.
• Internal company restructuring was the reason cited
most frequently for layoffs from which no recall is expected,
accounting for 49 percent of the layoff events and 57 percent
of separations. Layoffs due to slack work accounted for an
additional 20 percent of layoffs events and 16 percent of
separations. (See table 22.)
• Chart 1 shows mass layoff activity relative to employ-
Permanent worksite closures
• Employers reported that 15 percent of all extended mass
layoff events resulted in a permanent closure of the worksite,
affecting 379,790 workers. Compared with the experience in
2000, layoff events in which the worksite closed increased
by 61 percent, and the number of workers involved increased
by 101 percent. (See table 23.)
ment by State, thus facilitating the comparison of layoffs
across States. California had the highest concentration of
layoffs relative to employment, in part due to the impact of
its largely seasonal agricultural sector. Relative concentrations also were high in Illinois, Oregon, Nevada, Maine, and
Wisconsin. States with the lowest concentrations of mass
layoff activity were Wyoming, Nebraska, Delaware, and West
Virginia.
• Separations in permanent closures were due mainly to
internal company restructuring, slack work, and import competition. These three reasons for layoffs also accounted for
the largest increases in worker separations. (See table 23.)
Recall expectations
• In 2001, employers expected a recall in only 45 percent
of mass layoff actions, the lowest annual percentage reported since the resumption of the MLS program. Historically, a recall has been expected in about 60 percent of all
layoff events. Layoffs in agriculture (93 percent), in arts,
entertainment, and recreation (76 percent), and in construction (73 percent) were more likely to have some type of recall
than were those in other industries. Layoffs in the finance
and insurance sector had the lowest percentage of recall
expectation (3 percent), followed by those in the information
sector (9 percent). Excluding seasonal and vacation-period
layoffs (in which a recall was expected 91 percent of the
time), a recall was expected in only 25 percent of events, also
the program’s lowest annual percentage. (See tables 20 and
21.)
• In 2001, manufacturing accounted for 52 percent of
events and 43 percent of separations resulting in worksite
closure. These events occurred mostly in computer and
electronic products manufacturing, in apparel, and in primary metals. Retail trade accounted for 15 percent of the
layoff events and 18 percent of separations during the year,
largely in general merchandise stores and in building materials and garden supply stores. An additional 4 percent of
permanent closure events and 14 percent of separations were
in administrative and waste services. (See table 24.)
• In 2001, establishments engaged in electronic equip-
ment and appliance manufacturing, primary metal manufacturing, building and garden supply stores, and machinery
manufacturing moved into the top 10 three-digit NAICS industries in terms of laid-off workers in permanent closures.
They replaced transportation equipment, hospitals, food and
beverage stores, and electronics and appliance stores. (See
table 25.)
• Of those establishments expecting a recall, 36 percent
indicated that all workers would eventually be recalled, and
84 percent expected to recall at least half of the workers. (See
table 20.)
• Employers indicating the relocation of worksites out-
• California registered the highest number of separations
side of the United States as the reason for layoff had the
4
in permanent closure-related events (63,209), followed by
Michigan (45,744), Illinois (28,749), and Texas (28,435). Michigan (+42,291), California (+22,225), and Texas (+20,920) reported the largest increases in separations from 2000 to 2001;
Massachusetts (-5,161) and Kentucky (-2,112) had the largest decreases in laid-off workers. (See table 26.)
Illinois (29,276), and Texas (28,659). Manufacturing (largely
in computer and electronic products and in apparel), retail
trade, and administrative and waste services had the highest
numbers of laid-off workers. (See tables 28 and 29.)
• Layoffs termed “substantial layoffs” include extended
mass layoffs that either involve 500 or more workers or in
which the number of separations is at least one-third of the
employment prior to layoff. In 2001, there were 1,333 layoffs
events involving 412,651 workers meeting the substantial
layoff criteria. California reported the largest number of
worker separations (101,346), followed by Illinois (41,061)
and Texas (37,386). Manufacturing (mostly in computer and
electronic product manufacturing and in transportation equipment) had the highest level of laid-off workers in substantial
layoff events, followed by transportation and warehousing.
(See tables 28 and 29.)
Dislocated worker information
• In addition to extended mass layoff information, the
MLS program has, since 1997, collected information identifying major segments of the dislocated worker population,
as determined by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. MLS tracks three components of this unique group of laid-off workers—dislocated
worker closures, substantial layoffs, and initial claimants laid
off from establishments in declining industries. In 2001, the
MLS program identified about 2 million dislocated workers,
the highest level in the program’s history. (See table 27.)
• Industries identified as in decline are determined by
each State, and results in the industries defined as such
differing from State to State. Initial claimants for unemployment insurance laid off from establishments in these declining industries are then identified by the MLS program. In
2001, there were about 1.2 million claimants laid off from establishments in declining industries. California had the highest level of initial claimants (282,692), followed by Ohio
(166,841) and Texas (90,815). (See table 28.)
• A dislocated worker closure consists of those layoff
actions that result in a permanent worksite closure and involve 20 or more workers. This concept includes the permanent worksite closures reported earlier in this report, with the
addition of worksite closures involving between 20 and 49
workers. In 2001, there were 401,755 workers laid off in 1,553
layoff actions. California had the highest level of dislocated
worker separations, 65,122, followed by Michigan (46,388),
5
Table 1. Number of extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for
unemployment insurance, 1995–2001
Year/quarter
Layoff events
1
Separations
1
Initial claimants for
1
unemployment insurance
2
1995
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,724
950
1,764
400,980
194,149
348,741
332,731
154,226
312,428
Total……………………………
4,438
943,870
799,385
1996
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,408
1,352
1,021
1,916
272,480
261,628
233,199
417,048
224,393
200,032
185,247
348,073
Total……………………………
5,697
1,184,355
957,745
1997
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,317
1,587
1,082
1,697
255,227
351,198
217,869
321,821
224,180
292,673
209,019
316,035
Total……………………………
5,683
1,146,115
1,041,907
1998
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,320
1,563
1,234
1,734
208,082
391,461
248,054
379,976
247,315
402,276
256,803
325,990
Total……………………………
5,851
1,227,573
1,232,384
1999
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,509
1,444
1,097
1,625
277,780
294,968
241,725
334,794
252,122
242,464
189,973
287,685
Total……………………………
5,675
1,149,267
972,244
2000
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,330
1,271
1,014
2,005
254,646
258,608
230,103
427,070
221,368
231,471
189,250
376,611
Total……………………………
5,620
1,170,427
1,018,700
2001
First quarter………………………
Second quarter…………………
Third quarter……………………
Fourth quarter……………………
1,765
2,072
1,815
2,700
342,954
481,876
384,403
541,410
340,151
401,294
371,124
497,136
Total……………………………
8,352
1,750,643
1,609,705
1
2
Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia.
The MLS program began collecting data in the second quarter of 1995. (See appendix B.)
6
Table 2. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
1999–2001
Layoff events
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
Industry
1999
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
Total1 .....................................................................
5,675
5,620
8,352
1,149,267
1,170,427
1,750,643
Total private ....................................................................
5,467
5,418
8,131
1,096,859
1,107,055
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.......................
Mining...........................................................................
Utilities..........................................................................
Construction..................................................................
Manufacturing...............................................................
Food..........................................................................
Beverage and tobacco products...............................
Textile mills...............................................................
Textile product mills..................................................
Apparel......................................................................
Leather and allied products.......................................
Wood products..........................................................
Paper........................................................................
Printing and related support activities.......................
Petroleum and coal products....................................
911
91
9
792
1,736
342
22
55
18
163
26
60
41
29
22
827
54
22
754
1,834
336
22
43
18
157
27
78
61
38
19
753
61
19
776
3,279
342
31
96
28
192
25
86
87
62
21
195,408
16,496
1,588
117,587
356,112
84,482
5,904
11,335
1,870
31,063
3,663
6,858
6,416
4,589
3,541
Chemicals.................................................................
Plastics and rubber products....................................
Nonmetallic mineral products...................................
Primary metal............................................................
Fabricated metal products........................................
Machinery..................................................................
Computer and electronic products............................
Electrical equipment and appliances........................
Transportation equipment.........................................
Furniture and related products..................................
Miscellaneous manufacturing...................................
47
51
68
84
98
122
147
44
211
33
53
39
69
70
79
110
107
99
52
296
40
74
71
122
79
198
233
280
615
141
372
118
80
Wholesale trade............................................................
Retail trade....................................................................
Transportation and warehousing..................................
Information....................................................................
Finance and insurance..................................................
Real estate and rental and leasing...............................
Professional and technical services..............................
Management of companies and enterprises.................
Administrative and waste services................................
Educational services.....................................................
Health care and social assistance................................
Arts, entertainment, and recreation...............................
Accommodation and food services...............................
Other services, except public administration................
106
268
233
81
111
13
117
18
322
9
226
101
218
82
107
275
273
77
114
17
118
8
364
11
205
82
166
79
Unclassified ..................................................................
23
Government.....................................................................
Federal..........................................................................
State..............................................................................
Local.............................................................................
1999
2000
2001
972,244
1,018,700
1,609,705
1,697,593
931,272
974,104
1,562,978
191,093
6,810
3,089
110,814
366,070
75,618
4,234
9,027
2,573
24,778
5,008
11,193
9,548
5,450
2,419
173,299
13,109
3,835
111,897
628,427
72,199
6,506
20,174
3,636
32,328
4,432
10,745
16,226
9,941
3,372
134,355
18,045
1,234
118,982
310,129
63,785
4,185
13,396
2,233
32,750
3,554
6,110
5,474
4,117
3,294
127,837
6,105
3,060
112,761
370,779
67,344
3,855
10,985
2,067
23,905
3,772
11,492
8,558
5,352
2,468
110,907
12,476
4,196
115,303
691,184
65,520
4,334
21,877
4,334
31,585
3,588
13,816
13,999
8,998
2,889
6,922
10,195
9,575
15,832
14,573
21,420
30,085
10,282
63,788
4,651
9,068
6,055
12,614
10,144
19,034
16,191
20,440
22,227
10,024
83,210
5,254
11,029
12,614
18,739
13,484
43,723
32,418
47,001
131,607
33,146
86,402
17,715
12,019
6,549
8,228
9,624
16,966
14,293
22,083
21,555
9,208
51,085
4,554
7,086
5,570
11,682
9,543
17,830
16,538
20,772
17,767
14,742
102,057
4,733
9,747
9,444
21,522
13,392
50,503
36,281
56,762
139,942
40,911
120,956
19,942
10,589
180
457
395
324
177
33
257
16
595
15
174
126
367
82
16,730
91,519
49,966
23,076
21,911
1,539
24,304
3,786
61,040
1,446
35,107
26,294
38,610
11,833
17,636
88,134
50,030
14,937
31,407
2,171
22,222
1,975
77,711
1,090
38,669
25,858
41,035
11,125
28,975
132,013
117,173
59,329
33,654
7,602
51,215
3,345
168,360
1,652
23,792
39,758
79,556
11,334
12,781
57,852
42,150
34,754
18,225
1,598
22,120
2,972
67,641
844
25,663
12,161
36,861
10,169
12,452
59,345
48,000
11,212
18,411
2,029
19,968
1,556
96,072
964
27,785
9,743
30,505
9,936
22,600
103,328
96,504
56,175
29,631
4,645
40,566
2,831
132,562
1,264
19,370
16,710
82,001
10,462
31
45
2,507
5,179
9,268
2,736
5,584
10,263
208
38
43
127
202
51
35
116
221
52
41
128
52,408
9,372
14,796
28,240
63,372
18,373
9,164
35,835
53,050
12,696
10,498
29,856
40,972
9,972
8,626
22,374
44,596
15,294
6,301
23,001
46,727
12,796
8,838
25,093
355
329
457
94,407
71,048
107,018
80,312
67,804
99,651
129
1,457
113
1,308
736
1,327
27,916
319,562
26,147
298,485
147,513
298,708
18,257
233,793
17,634
222,656
153,211
226,239
Selected industry groupings2
Clothing manufacturing and distribution …………………
Computer manufacturing and distribution, including
semiconductors ………………………………………
Food production, processing, and distribution……………
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
7
Table 3. Over-the-year change in extended mass layoffs separations by industry, 1999–2000 and 2000–2001
1999-2000
2000-2001
Industry
Level change
1
Percent change
Level change
Percent change
Total .................................................................
21,160
1.8
580,216
49.6
Total private .................................................................
10,196
.9
590,538
53.3
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting...................
Mining........................................................................
Utilities.......................................................................
Construction..............................................................
Manufacturing............................................................
Food......................................................................
Beverage and tobacco products............................
Textile mills............................................................
Textile product mills...............................................
Apparel..................................................................
Leather and allied products...................................
Wood products......................................................
Paper.....................................................................
Printing and related support activities...................
Petroleum and coal products.................................
Chemicals..............................................................
-4,315
-9,686
1,501
-6,773
9,958
-8,864
-1,670
-2,308
703
-6,285
1,345
4,335
3,132
861
-1,122
-867
-2.2
-58.7
94.5
-5.8
2.8
-10.5
-28.3
-20.4
37.6
-20.2
36.7
63.2
48.8
18.8
-31.7
-12.5
-17,794
6,299
746
1,083
262,357
-3,419
2,272
11,147
1,063
7,550
-576
-448
6,678
4,491
953
6,559
-9.3
92.5
24.2
1.0
71.7
-4.5
53.7
123.5
41.3
30.5
-11.5
-4.0
69.9
82.4
39.4
108.3
Plastics and rubber products.................................
Nonmetallic mineral products................................
Primary metal........................................................
Fabricated metal products.....................................
Machinery..............................................................
Computer and electronic products........................
Electrical equipment and appliances.....................
Transportation equipment.....................................
Furniture and related products..............................
Miscellaneous manufacturing................................
2,419
569
3,202
1,618
-980
-7,858
-258
19,422
603
1,961
23.7
5.9
20.2
11.1
-4.6
-26.1
-2.5
30.4
13.0
21.6
6,125
3,340
24,689
16,227
26,561
109,380
23,122
3,192
12,461
990
48.6
32.9
129.7
100.2
129.9
492.1
230.7
3.8
237.2
9.0
Wholesale trade........................................................
Retail trade................................................................
Transportation and warehousing...............................
Information................................................................
Finance and insurance..............................................
Real estate and rental and leasing............................
Professional and technical services..........................
Management of companies and enterprises.............
Administrative and waste services............................
Educational services.................................................
Health care and social assistance.............................
Arts, entertainment, and recreation...........................
Accommodation and food services...........................
Other services, except public administration.............
906
-3,385
64
-8,139
9,496
632
-2,082
-1,811
16,671
-356
3,562
-436
2,425
-708
5.4
-3.7
.1
-35.3
43.3
41.1
-8.6
-47.8
27.3
-24.6
10.1
-1.7
6.3
-6.0
11,339
43,879
67,143
44,392
2,247
5,431
28,993
1,370
90,649
562
-14,877
13,900
38,521
209
64.3
49.8
134.2
297.2
7.2
250.2
130.5
69.4
116.6
51.6
-38.5
53.8
93.9
1.9
Unclassified ..............................................................
2,672
106.6
4,089
79.0
Government..................................................................
Federal......................................................................
State..........................................................................
Local..........................................................................
10,964
9,001
-5,632
7,595
20.9
96.0
-38.1
26.9
-10,322
-5,677
1,334
-5,979
-16.3
-30.9
14.6
-16.7
-23,359
-24.7
35,970
50.6
-1,769
-21,077
-6.3
-6.6
121,366
223
464.2
.1
2
Selected industry groupings
Clothing manufacturing and distribution ………………
Computer manufacturing and distribution, including
semiconductors ……………………………………
Food production, processing, and distribution…………
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
8
Table 4. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001
2000
Industry
2001
NAICS
Layoff events Separations
2
Rank
1
Layoff events Separations
Rank
Total ..............................................................
…
5,620
1,170,427
…
8,352
1,750,643
…
Total, top 50 industries .............................................
…
5,187
1,095,964
…
7,688
1,632,113
…
1
Administrative and support services …………………
Computer and electronic product manufacturing ……
Agriculture and forestry support activities ……………
Transportation equipment manufacturing ……………
Food manufacturing ……………………………………
Crop production …………………………………………
Heavy and civil engineering construction ……………
Air transportation ………………………………………
Professional and technical services …………………
Machinery manufacturing ………………………………
General merchandise stores …………………………
Accommodation …………………………………………
Primary metal manufacturing …………………………
Specialty trade contractors ……………………………
Transit and ground passenger transportation ………
Food services and drinking places ……………………
Electrical equipment and appliance mfg. ……………
561
334
115
336
311
111
237
481
541
333
452
721
331
238
485
722
335
366
99
508
296
336
312
404
10
118
107
80
73
79
203
145
93
52
80,835
22,227
117,242
83,210
75,618
72,651
56,852
1,979
22,222
20,440
29,259
21,208
19,034
26,891
28,495
19,827
10,024
3
14
1
2
4
5
6
69
15
18
7
17
20
10
8
19
32
590
615
472
373
342
271
370
88
257
280
138
218
198
276
145
149
141
170,533
131,607
104,859
86,461
72,199
67,322
54,834
53,311
51,215
47,001
46,955
45,789
43,723
36,825
35,699
33,767
33,146
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Fabricated metal product manufacturing ……………
Apparel manufacturing …………………………………
Amusements, gambling, and recreation ……………
Telecommunications ……………………………………
Nonstore retailers ………………………………………
Construction of buildings ………………………………
Textile mills ………………………………………………
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing …………
Furniture and related product manufacturing …………
Educational services ……………………………………
Paper manufacturing ……………………………………
Social assistance ………………………………………
Building material and garden supply stores …………
Credit intermediation and related activities …………
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods ……………
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing …………
Food and beverage stores ……………………………
332
315
713
517
454
236
313
326
337
611
322
624
444
522
424
327
445
110
157
50
27
46
150
43
69
40
57
61
125
20
68
60
70
40
16,191
24,778
21,435
4,375
26,182
27,671
9,027
12,614
5,254
15,524
9,548
16,692
4,480
22,765
11,232
10,144
9,113
23
12
16
52
11
9
35
26
46
24
33
21
51
13
27
30
34
233
192
70
141
68
131
96
122
118
81
87
122
44
68
72
79
59
32,418
32,328
30,854
29,704
28,445
20,333
20,174
18,739
17,715
16,636
16,226
15,263
15,161
14,165
13,789
13,484
13,241
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ………………
Chemical manufacturing ………………………………
ISPs, search portals, and data processing ……………
Miscellaneous manufacturing …………………………
Publishing industries, except Internet …………………
Performing arts and spectator sports …………………
Executive, legislative, and general government ……
Securities, commodity contracts, investments ………
Mining, except oil and gas ……………………………
Wood product manufacturing …………………………
Printing and related support activities …………………
Unclassified establishments ……………………………
Couriers and messengers ………………………………
Insurance carriers and related activities ………………
Truck transportation ……………………………………
Clothing and clothing accessories stores ……………
423
325
518
339
511
711
921
523
212
321
323
999
492
524
484
448
38
39
21
74
16
40
56
6
43
78
40
35
16
40
62
25
5,145
6,055
4,263
11,029
2,687
8,327
16,483
548
5,549
11,193
6,821
5,739
3,618
8,294
8,364
3,519
47
42
53
29
61
37
22
80
44
28
40
43
55
38
36
56
93
71
76
80
71
65
60
59
49
87
62
49
24
47
57
32
12,835
12,614
12,189
12,019
11,920
11,728
11,296
11,294
10,994
10,802
9,941
9,766
8,116
7,811
7,486
7,381
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001.
9
Table 5. Reason for layoff: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
1999–2001
Layoff events
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
Reason for layoff
1
Total, all reasons .............................
1999
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
5,675
5,620
8,352
1,149,267
1,170,427
1,750,643
2
2
2
2
1999
972,244
2
2000
2001
1,018,700
1,609,705
2
Automation ..................................................
Bankruptcy ..................................................
Business ownership change .......................
Contract cancellation ..................................
Contract completion ....................................
Domestic relocation ....................................
Energy-related…………………………………
Environment-related…………………………
Financial difficulty ........................................
Import competition ......................................
Labor dispute ..............................................
Material shortage ........................................
( )
107
190
86
681
56
26
13
203
96
26
10
( )
157
125
87
599
70
10
7
307
63
29
6
11
290
209
174
658
101
20
3
675
132
26
15
( )
49,649
57,306
13,432
120,213
9,923
3,164
3,394
49,508
26,684
14,543
1,833
( )
55,582
32,908
14,263
122,074
11,488
2,487
1,142
62,413
13,416
17,754
931
1,397
135,378
55,387
30,823
125,350
18,652
5,487
445
154,031
28,008
7,536
1,478
( )
21,837
30,316
11,090
141,186
7,654
5,062
2,668
34,636
19,833
4,900
3,206
( )
25,278
16,798
13,694
130,475
13,842
1,731
890
48,427
10,135
16,407
924
2,058
62,173
45,014
28,991
130,163
14,663
3,988
602
137,873
27,237
5,516
1,676
Model changeover ......................................
Natural disaster ...........................................
Non-natural disaster ...................................
Overseas relocation ....................................
Plant or machine repair ...............................
Product line discontinued ............................
Reorganization within company ..................
Seasonal work ............................................
Slack work ..................................................
Vacation period ...........................................
Weather-related ..........................................
Other ...........................................................
Not reported ................................................
7
2
( )
3
( )
34
14
35
453
2,357
592
119
118
176
269
9
2
( )
3
( )
43
19
30
415
2,436
619
84
66
160
273
13
4
15
79
26
41
752
2,288
1,953
126
43
416
282
1,735
2
( )
3
( )
5,683
1,634
5,467
95,122
491,877
80,737
28,009
14,194
30,844
43,521
2,392
2
( )
3
( )
9,054
3,090
4,719
103,120
511,539
99,265
13,687
6,362
29,234
51,845
4,842
620
3,521
15,693
3,713
10,009
155,691
498,441
326,031
24,061
4,488
87,989
51,572
1,116
2
( )
3
( )
4,456
1,577
6,879
92,510
374,141
105,193
19,405
12,637
28,482
42,682
3,484
2
( )
3
( )
8,385
2,538
6,173
87,978
394,925
136,703
12,487
7,294
27,960
51,284
7,721
574
2,227
12,926
4,967
9,207
143,122
376,985
419,245
19,310
5,987
93,488
53,992
953
1,004
1,926
251,585
254,023
500,487
179,299
178,481
388,182
4
Internal company restructuring ……………
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
2
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
indirectly related to the September 11 attacks.
4
3
Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business
ownership
company.
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third
quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or
10
change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within
Table 6. Over-the-year change in separations by reason for layoff, 1999–2000 and 2000–2001
Separations
Reason for layoff
1999-2000
Level change
1
Total, all reasons ............................................................
2000-2001
Percent change
21,160
1.8
2
2
Level change
580,216
2
Percent change
49.6
2
Automation ................................................................................
Bankruptcy .................................................................................
Business ownership change ......................................................
Contract cancellation .................................................................
Contract completion ...................................................................
Domestic relocation ...................................................................
Energy-related………………………………………………………
Environment-related…………………………………………………
Financial difficulty ......................................................................
Import competition .....................................................................
Labor dispute .............................................................................
Material shortage .......................................................................
( )
5,933
-24,398
831
1,861
1,565
-677
-2,252
12,905
-13,268
3,211
-902
( )
11.9
-42.6
6.2
1.5
15.8
-21.4
-66.4
26.1
-49.7
22.1
-49.2
( )
79,796
22,479
16,560
3,276
7,164
3,000
-697
91,618
14,592
-10,218
547
( )
143.6
68.3
116.1
2.7
62.4
120.6
-61.0
146.8
108.8
-57.6
58.8
Model changeover .....................................................................
Natural disaster ..........................................................................
Non-natural disaster ..................................................................
Overseas relocation ...................................................................
Plant or machine repair .............................................................
Product line discontinued ..........................................................
Reorganization within company .................................................
Seasonal work ...........................................................................
Slack work .................................................................................
Vacation period ..........................................................................
Weather-related .........................................................................
Other ..........................................................................................
Not reported ...............................................................................
657
2
( )
3
( )
3,371
1,456
-748
7,998
19,662
18,528
-14,322
-7,832
-1,610
8,324
37.9
2
( )
3
( )
59.3
89.1
-13.7
8.4
4.0
22.9
-51.1
-55.2
-5.2
19.1
2,450
2
( )
3
( )
6,639
623
5,290
52,571
-13,098
226,766
10,374
-1,874
58,755
-273
102.4
2
( )
3
( )
73.3
20.2
112.1
51.0
-2.6
228.4
75.8
-29.5
201.0
-.5
2,438
1.0
246,464
97.0
4
Internal company restructuring ……………………………………
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
2
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
3
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third
quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or
indirectly related to the September 11 attacks.
4
Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business
ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company.
11
Table 7. Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance directly and
indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001
Measure
Layoff events
1
Total ...........................................................................
Separations
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
417
118,826
113,807
415
118,426
113,561
6
54
4
164
4
5
627
16,870
2
( )
962
51,382
915
954
1,325
380
634
5,071
2
( )
635
36,988
819
569
738
17,206
2
( )
1,366
40,256
3,031
1,002
1,031
203
651
4,839
2
( )
370
40,968
624
1,007
2
400
246
9
2,411
1,245
408
116,415
2
( )
2
( )
2,609
24,987
2
( )
1,297
1,861
67,977
15,033
112,562
2
( )
2
( )
2,364
18,750
2
( )
1,177
1,634
75,586
11,072
Industry
Total private ......................................................................
Construction ………………………………………………………
Manufacturing ……………………………………………………
Wholesale trade …………………………………………………
Retail trade ………………………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing ………………………………
Information ………………………………………………………
Finance and insurance …………………………………………
Real estate and rental and leasing ……………………………
Professional and technical services ……………………………
Management of companies and enterprises …………………
Administrative and waste services ……………………………
Health care and social assistance ………………………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………………………
Accommodation and food services ……………………………
Other services, except public administration …………………
Unclassified ………………………………………………………
2
( )
7
99
6
6
11
3
3
40
2
( )
Government ……………………………………………………
3
Reason for layoff
Directly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks ………
Indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks ………
Bankruptcy ..........................................................................
Business ownership change ...............................................
Contract cancellation ..........................................................
Financial difficulty ...............................................................
Material shortage ................................................................
Reorganization within company ..........................................
Seasonal work ....................................................................
Slack work ..........................................................................
Other ...................................................................................
2
( )
2
( )
17
65
2
( )
8
11
277
24
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
Layoffs directly related to September 11 encompass those that occurred in the affected local economies. Layoffs indirectly related to Septem-
ber 11 involve those outside of the directly impacted areas. For indirectly
related layoffs, the primary reason for layoff is attributed to something
other than non-natural disaster.
2
3
12
Table 8. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance
directly and indirectly attributable to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001
State
1
Total ...............................................
Alabama .....................................................
Alaska .........................................................
Arizona .......................................................
Arkansas ....................................................
California ....................................................
Colorado .....................................................
Connecticut ................................................
Delaware ....................................................
District of Columbia ....................................
Florida .........................................................
Georgia .......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Idaho ...........................................................
Illinois ..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Iowa ............................................................
Kansas .......................................................
Kentucky .....................................................
Louisiana ....................................................
Maine ..........................................................
Maryland .....................................................
Massachusetts ............................................
Michigan .....................................................
Minnesota ...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri ......................................................
Montana ......................................................
Nebraska ....................................................
Nevada .......................................................
New Hampshire ..........................................
New Jersey .................................................
New Mexico ................................................
New York ....................................................
North Carolina ............................................
North Dakota ..............................................
Ohio ............................................................
Oklahoma ...................................................
Oregon ........................................................
Pennsylvania ..............................................
Rhode Island ..............................................
South Carolina ............................................
South Dakota ..............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
Utah ............................................................
Vermont ......................................................
Virginia .......................................................
Washington ................................................
West Virginia ..............................................
Wisconsin ...................................................
Wyoming ....................................................
Layoff events
Separations
417
118,826
–
–
–
–
5
–
90
6
4
–
–
53
5
25
–
21
2
( )
2
( )
2
( )
3
7
2
( )
5
14
2
( )
5
–
2
( )
–
–
42
–
9
–
47
9
2
( )
4
4
2
( )
4
–
–
–
6
20
4
–
6
7
–
–
–
1
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
13
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
113,807
–
–
505
–
19,072
1,799
726
–
–
6,590
4,141
3,495
–
555
–
20,683
1,857
396
–
–
7,844
1,142
5,980
–
11,352
2
( )
2
( )
2
( )
268
1,188
2
( )
1,695
3,679
2
( )
5,979
–
2
( )
7,833
2
( )
2
( )
2
( )
304
941
2
( )
1,092
3,459
2
( )
4,236
–
2
( )
–
–
14,943
–
1,660
–
10,765
5,522
2
( )
657
367
2
( )
962
–
–
17,681
–
1,738
–
7,805
3,780
2
( )
786
771
2
( )
4,582
–
–
–
1,280
8,783
870
–
1,584
5,613
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,764
6,835
436
–
967
4,209
–
–
–
Table 9. Distribution of extended mass layoff events and separations by size of layoff, 2000 and 2001
Separations
Layoff events
Number of workers
2000
2
Total ……………
50-99……………………
100-149…………………
150-199…………………
200-299…………………
300-499…………………
500-999…………………
1,000 or more……………
1
2
1
Number
Number
Percent
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
1
Percent
2000
2001
5,620
8,352
100.0
100.0
1,170,427
1,750,643
100.0
100.0
1,981
1,264
685
752
549
270
119
2,895
1,919
1,035
1,163
778
382
180
35.2
22.5
12.2
13.4
9.8
4.8
2.1
34.7
23.0
12.4
13.9
9.3
4.6
2.2
141,560
147,698
114,052
174,251
196,220
176,004
220,642
203,805
222,782
172,344
268,465
282,961
247,172
353,114
12.1
12.6
9.7
14.9
16.8
15.0
18.9
11.6
12.7
9.8
15.3
16.2
14.1
20.2
Due to rounding, sums of individual percentages may not equal 100.0 percent.
See footnote 1, table 1.
14
Table 10. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by selected measures, 1996–2001
Average number of separations
Measure
1996
1
Total .........................................................................
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
208
202
210
203
208
210
206
199
207
201
204
209
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting …………………
Mining …………………………………………………………
Utilities …………………………………………………………
Construction …………………………………………………
Manufacturing …………………………………………………
Wholesale trade ………………………………………………
Retail trade ……………………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing ……………………………
Information ……………………………………………………
260
130
253
139
182
171
317
203
428
173
158
333
155
188
140
305
242
519
229
151
236
145
232
153
218
235
296
214
181
176
148
205
158
341
214
285
231
126
140
147
200
165
320
183
194
230
215
202
144
192
161
289
297
183
Finance and insurance ………………………………………
Real estate and rental and leasing …………………………
Professional and technical services ………………………
Management of companies and enterprises ………………
Administrative and waste services …………………………
Educational services …………………………………………
Health care and social assistance …………………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………………
Accommodation and food services …………………………
Other services, except public administration ………………
Unclassified establishments ………………………………
226
252
233
277
246
133
154
309
203
113
176
195
224
276
112
175
123
143
357
203
123
167
212
160
199
148
179
99
131
252
194
139
92
197
118
208
210
190
161
155
260
177
144
109
276
128
188
247
213
99
189
315
247
141
167
190
230
199
209
283
110
137
316
217
138
206
235
252
266
252
314
240
Automation ..........................................................................
Bankruptcy ...........................................................................
Business ownership change ................................................
Contract cancellation ...........................................................
Contract completion ............................................................
Domestic relocation .............................................................
Energy-related……………………………………………………
Environment-related……………………………………………
Financial difficulty ................................................................
Import competition ...............................................................
Labor dispute .......................................................................
Material shortage .................................................................
395
207
288
221
232
149
–
157
225
191
446
134
239
270
203
195
244
200
–
108
264
193
506
116
234
302
237
192
203
179
171
220
225
205
781
272
( )
464
302
156
177
177
122
261
244
278
559
183
( )
354
263
164
204
164
249
163
203
213
612
155
127
467
265
177
191
185
274
148
228
212
290
99
Model changeover ...............................................................
Natural disaster ...................................................................
Non-natural disaster ……………………………………………
Overseas relocation .............................................................
Plant or machine repair .......................................................
Product line discontinued ....................................................
Reorganization within company ...........................................
Seasonal work .....................................................................
Slack work ...........................................................................
Vacation period ....................................................................
Weather-related ...................................................................
Other ....................................................................................
Not reported .........................................................................
378
225
3
( )
166
225
174
204
227
139
173
104
213
157
394
180
3
( )
275
125
211
165
209
141
150
137
194
143
680
190
3
( )
251
225
157
189
205
195
240
103
165
167
248
2
( )
3
( )
167
117
156
210
209
136
235
120
175
162
266
2
( )
3
( )
211
163
157
248
210
160
163
96
183
190
372
155
235
199
143
244
207
218
167
191
104
212
183
240
210
215
257
202
210
226
216
207
271
193
233
242
203
217
303
197
229
Industry
Total private .........................................................................
Government..........................................................................
Reason for layoff
2
2
Other selected measures
Worksite closures………………………………………………
Recall expected…………………………………………………
No recall expected………………………………………………
1
2
3
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the
third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or
indirectly related to the September 11 attacks.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
15
Table 11. State and selected claimant characteristics: Extended mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 2000 and 2001
State
Layoff events
Percent of total
Total initial claimants
for unemployment
insurance
Black
2000
2001
2000
Total ..............................
5,620
8,352
1,018,700
1,609,705
13.9
13.6
24.8
18.5
42.0
42.3
13.2
13.2
Alabama ....................................
Alaska .......................................
Arizona ......................................
Arkansas ...................................
California ...................................
Colorado ....................................
Connecticut ...............................
Delaware ...................................
District of Columbia ...................
Florida .......................................
Georgia .....................................
Hawaii .......................................
Idaho .........................................
63
22
99
22
1,322
40
36
(2)
3
293
35
19
37
108
6
129
27
1,962
118
60
6
13
531
74
48
45
10,059
2,783
17,334
3,703
229,080
5,089
5,370
(2)
1,200
48,620
5,268
2,052
3,748
18,257
669
23,787
4,066
323,405
17,529
8,572
804
3,623
92,613
12,826
8,901
5,331
33.9
2.5
1.8
28.4
5.3
4.0
15.5
22.2
53.9
25.3
49.4
.8
.2
32.1
1.9
3.8
30.7
5.3
4.9
15.5
28.6
38.7
23.7
49.4
1.1
.7
.4
9.3
67.7
2.5
64.6
27.0
8.7
13.3
3.0
25.8
3.5
1.2
18.8
2.8
1.9
46.4
.5
48.6
18.2
8.6
2.6
3.5
24.7
.8
25.6
5.1
45.0
37.6
42.1
52.0
45.4
39.2
49.2
64.4
49.8
45.5
56.8
25.5
31.7
36.8
11.1
42.4
47.3
44.1
46.3
48.9
34.7
59.0
46.9
55.5
47.2
29.6
16.0
12.9
12.3
11.5
11.1
11.0
14.7
31.1
9.1
17.9
11.9
20.5
11.8
13.9
13.2
13.2
11.0
11.2
11.1
15.5
10.1
10.2
16.1
14.3
12.6
13.6
Illinois ........................................
Indiana .......................................
Iowa ...........................................
Kansas ......................................
Kentucky ...................................
Louisiana ...................................
Maine .........................................
Maryland ....................................
Massachusetts ..........................
Michigan ....................................
Minnesota ..................................
Mississippi .................................
Missouri .....................................
480
97
67
23
81
38
20
18
130
358
129
48
44
678
191
101
42
85
80
43
39
245
352
199
69
120
82,834
17,902
11,209
2,961
11,488
5,166
3,212
2,409
29,905
66,652
19,307
5,604
5,177
134,123
42,936
18,382
17,505
15,492
9,980
6,161
5,529
45,159
77,543
34,654
8,133
24,187
21.0
10.4
1.0
10.2
7.4
40.2
.3
44.1
6.5
17.8
3.6
60.5
15.0
20.5
12.0
1.5
9.5
9.2
53.6
.5
45.3
7.4
21.5
2.1
59.7
15.1
13.1
3.2
2.5
6.2
.2
1.7
.2
.4
7.8
5.8
4.6
.8
1.2
12.3
4.2
1.9
9.2
.7
2.2
.3
.7
3.9
5.1
3.1
1.2
1.5
38.5
34.5
27.3
34.3
39.7
30.9
49.7
26.0
52.5
38.6
26.9
57.9
46.7
40.8
39.7
38.3
35.2
52.0
46.2
37.8
47.2
48.4
37.6
33.7
50.2
43.3
12.1
11.6
13.1
12.0
12.7
9.9
13.3
21.5
17.0
9.7
13.7
8.0
17.9
12.2
13.7
12.9
13.1
15.0
11.4
13.6
19.2
15.7
10.9
12.4
10.3
15.7
Montana ....................................
Nebraska ...................................
Nevada ......................................
New Hampshire .........................
New Jersey ................................
New Mexico ...............................
New York ...................................
North Carolina ...........................
North Dakota .............................
Ohio ...........................................
Oklahoma ..................................
Oregon ......................................
Pennsylvania .............................
17
7
31
10
170
19
213
110
4
328
17
73
227
22
2
( )
72
29
200
24
367
206
18
338
46
164
341
2,416
741
4,297
954
28,497
1,915
35,148
15,938
516
60,397
3,826
18,405
65,000
3,192
2
( )
21,791
5,750
41,496
3,719
60,935
38,497
2,708
60,138
12,914
29,076
109,256
.5
18.2
10.9
.2
21.3
1.6
16.1
44.6
.8
13.4
14.2
4.6
7.3
.4
7.7
9.7
1.1
20.0
2.1
8.0
36.7
.2
11.6
11.2
2.9
7.1
1.5
9.6
19.6
1.0
19.6
55.8
14.1
2.2
4.5
2.3
4.2
16.5
1.7
1.3
2.1
25.4
1.7
18.0
57.0
6.1
3.1
2.0
2.3
4.9
13.1
1.8
27.3
51.1
40.2
44.9
60.0
46.1
52.6
48.4
28.7
28.0
27.6
31.2
40.9
32.3
37.0
53.1
43.8
57.0
50.7
46.9
47.2
37.6
26.0
24.7
38.9
36.7
15.4
8.8
18.6
19.2
23.6
12.2
15.7
12.4
9.3
12.9
13.7
12.1
16.8
12.9
8.6
13.2
14.9
22.5
14.4
14.3
12.5
11.0
13.3
17.6
13.3
16.5
Rhode Island .............................
South Carolina ..........................
South Dakota ............................
Tennessee ................................
Texas ........................................
Utah ...........................................
Vermont .....................................
Virginia ......................................
Washington ...............................
West Virginia .............................
Wisconsin ..................................
Wyoming ...................................
11
33
2
( )
85
342
26
9
70
103
12
176
–
29
52
7
90
364
54
14
96
183
9
251
2
( )
1,755
8,118
2
( )
18,435
76,979
3,002
1,270
11,245
20,360
1,247
39,682
–
4,191
14,229
922
13,659
108,875
9,205
1,858
20,580
30,736
921
54,198
2
( )
2.8
54.6
.3
21.3
19.8
.7
.6
38.0
3.0
.1
8.1
–
3.3
52.8
.5
21.0
16.9
1.6
.4
35.1
3.9
–
6.6
1.3
2.7
.5
–
.5
40.6
10.3
.2
.9
24.9
–
7.0
–
13.6
.2
.7
–
30.1
9.6
.3
1.2
17.3
–
6.0
32.9
60.6
61.6
68.7
56.6
38.6
30.1
40.4
54.2
34.4
46.8
37.6
–
67.8
48.5
66.1
43.4
43.3
40.5
42.2
41.8
38.8
42.7
39.8
22.8
18.2
3.1
17.0
16.9
11.7
7.1
14.6
13.4
11.9
15.4
13.7
–
19.9
1.6
18.5
13.1
10.0
9.8
14.6
14.9
12.9
15.1
14.4
13.9
Puerto Rico ...............................
61
84
11,268
16,830
52.5
56.4
6.6
8.0
3
( )
2001
3
( )
2000
Persons aged 55
and older
Women
2000
1
2001
Hispanic
origin
3
( )
2001
3
( )
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
3
2
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
16
Data are not available.
2000
2001
2000
2001
Table 12. Claimant characteristics by race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
2000 and 2001
1
Percent of total race/ethnicity
Measure
White
Hispanic
origin
Black
American Indian or
Alaskan Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
53.6
55.0
13.9
13.6
24.8
18.5
.8
.7
1.8
3.4
54.1
55.5
13.0
13.0
25.5
18.7
.5
.6
1.9
3.5
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ………
Mining ………………………………………………
Utilities ………………………………………………
Construction ………………………………………
Manufacturing ………………………………………
Wholesale trade ……………………………………
Retail trade …………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing …………………
Information …………………………………………
3.1
85.3
77.8
78.0
62.6
51.6
59.3
63.4
65.5
3.0
86.3
76.7
79.2
61.4
51.7
56.6
58.7
61.8
2.2
4.0
12.1
6.4
12.9
10.2
17.5
18.6
15.3
2.1
3.6
10.7
5.8
12.6
10.8
15.8
17.0
14.3
87.3
4.6
5.5
12.2
16.6
30.8
15.7
9.9
7.7
87.8
4.4
7.5
9.3
12.5
22.3
17.1
9.5
8.9
.1
1.3
.6
.6
.6
.7
.6
.6
.5
.1
1.3
.2
.8
.6
.5
.7
.4
.8
1.1
.6
1.2
.4
2.7
3.6
1.4
1.1
3.0
.9
.2
1.8
.7
4.2
5.0
2.3
2.8
3.8
Finance and insurance ……………………………
Real estate and rental and leasing ………………
Professional and technical services ……………
Management of companies and enterprises ……
Administrative and waste services ………………
Educational services ………………………………
Health care and social assistance ………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………
Accommodation and food services ………………
Other services, except public administration ……
52.8
48.8
72.9
46.0
46.2
52.2
40.8
67.0
60.9
51.1
47.1
41.6
66.8
49.0
47.6
50.4
38.6
64.6
44.0
47.2
21.3
31.3
13.3
25.6
22.2
20.1
26.5
10.6
18.4
23.1
19.9
23.2
12.6
19.7
20.2
31.0
26.1
8.8
15.0
28.0
12.8
12.1
8.8
18.3
24.1
8.6
25.6
12.4
13.0
17.4
10.1
13.7
7.9
17.4
20.3
8.4
27.1
13.5
20.4
14.2
.6
.2
.4
.3
.5
6.6
.4
.4
1.0
1.3
.3
.4
.5
.7
.6
.6
.6
.8
.6
.5
3.4
1.4
1.5
3.5
1.5
.9
1.5
1.4
2.2
2.0
4.0
2.0
5.2
5.3
3.1
3.1
1.9
1.6
7.3
2.0
Unclassified establishments ………………………
69.5
54.3
15.5
18.3
5.3
6.1
1.0
.6
2.0
1.9
Government …………………………………………… 42.4
39.9
32.4
31.6
10.6
9.9
6.9
5.4
.9
1.2
2
Total ..........................................................
Industry
Total private ...........................................................
Reason for layoff
Automation ……………………………………………
Bankruptcy ……………………………………………
Business ownership change …………………………
Contract cancellation …………………………………
Contract completion …………………………………
Domestic relocation ...............................................
Energy-related…………………………………………
Environment-related…………………………………
Financial difficulty ..................................................
Import competition .................................................
Labor dispute .........................................................
57.0
64.3
49.4
56.2
55.5
46.4
78.3
67.3
54.2
59.6
87.3
57.6
61.2
60.5
52.6
60.1
56.9
57.7
48.0
52.6
58.1
73.6
15.0
17.2
12.3
17.6
18.7
18.5
5.9
10.3
16.2
32.5
6.5
12.7
15.6
10.5
24.1
16.7
15.0
7.6
1.7
15.0
17.3
7.5
14.5
12.7
25.9
17.5
20.2
21.0
7.6
20.2
18.8
2.5
2.2
23.1
13.3
13.1
12.2
13.9
13.7
22.8
39.2
13.0
17.4
8.7
3.4
.5
.5
1.0
1.1
.7
.9
.6
.6
.6
.2
.1
.8
.5
1.4
.8
.6
1.5
1.7
.6
.5
.3
6.5
1.8
4.0
1.9
1.3
3.2
1.2
.1
3.1
1.5
.6
.9
3.1
5.5
3.4
1.8
4.4
1.6
.7
4.4
1.9
.7
Material shortage ...................................................
Model changeover .................................................
Natural disaster .....................................................
Non-natural disaster …………………………………
Overseas relocation ...............................................
Plant or machine repair .........................................
Product line discontinued ......................................
Reorganization within company .............................
Seasonal work .......................................................
Slack work .............................................................
Vacation period ......................................................
Weather-related .....................................................
Other ......................................................................
Not reported ...........................................................
64.5
29.9
13.0
3
( )
71.4
75.8
53.1
59.9
41.4
69.7
45.4
75.3
51.4
70.7
57.4
65.7
57.7
16.6
54.4
68.4
64.7
55.8
42.6
63.5
53.8
72.2
48.5
60.9
2.8
16.6
–
3
( )
15.4
11.9
17.2
16.6
10.4
12.4
14.3
4.1
20.1
19.1
9.2
16.1
13.6
3.8
15.0
11.7
19.0
17.3
11.4
10.3
17.3
5.3
16.3
20.3
24.2
5.5
1.0
3
( )
7.6
7.5
7.2
13.6
40.9
11.1
31.5
15.1
19.4
5.4
16.3
5.3
1.2
23.0
14.6
13.0
10.0
12.9
37.2
11.7
15.2
16.6
15.8
7.1
.4
.5
.7
1.7
–
.1
.3
.4
.8
.7
.9
.6
.3
.5
.8
1.0
1.8
3.6
82.0
3
( )
2.4
.8
5.4
3.0
1.2
2.4
1.7
.2
1.9
2.3
4.7
2.6
5.6
.7
5.7
2.7
2.4
3.9
1.0
4.9
1.1
.3
6.2
4.2
1
Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some
nonreporting.
2
See footnote 1, table 1.
3
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third
–
3
( )
.4
.3
.6
.8
.9
.8
1.1
.7
.5
.5
quarter of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly
related to the September 11 attacks.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
17
Table 13. Claimant characteristics by age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000 and 2001
Percent of total by age1
Measure
Under than 30 years
Percent of total by gender1
30 to 44 years
45 to 54 years
55 or older
Men
Women
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
20.6
20.2
41.1
40.7
23.4
24.0
13.2
13.2
57.5
56.9
42.0
42.3
20.7
20.2
41.2
40.7
23.4
24.1
13.1
13.1
58.5
57.5
41.1
41.7
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ………
Mining ………………………………………………
Utilities ……………………………………………
Construction ………………………………………
Manufacturing ……………………………………
Wholesale trade …………………………………
Retail trade …………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing ………………
Information …………………………………………
Finance and insurance ……………………………
23.6
16.0
11.2
20.2
16.4
17.8
34.0
14.8
28.2
26.3
23.0
12.1
11.2
19.4
16.1
18.3
31.3
18.6
24.2
25.1
45.4
39.9
38.2
44.1
40.5
43.5
35.8
38.5
41.6
42.0
45.0
33.1
42.9
43.3
40.3
44.6
35.3
42.2
44.3
43.2
19.3
29.4
35.3
23.2
27.1
25.0
17.7
23.7
20.4
20.1
19.8
39.8
34.5
24.5
27.5
23.4
19.2
22.3
20.9
19.0
11.3
14.2
14.7
11.2
13.9
12.4
11.9
19.7
9.0
10.4
11.8
14.6
11.3
11.5
13.8
12.9
13.0
15.0
9.8
10.5
65.4
92.1
70.8
92.8
59.9
59.0
37.6
51.2
44.9
28.8
63.8
94.4
70.7
92.6
60.5
57.3
40.3
47.4
51.4
39.1
34.4
7.1
28.7
6.5
39.8
40.9
62.1
48.3
54.6
71.0
36.0
5.5
29.2
6.4
38.5
42.3
59.2
52.2
48.3
60.6
Real estate and rental and leasing ………………
Professional and technical services ……………
Management of companies and enterprises …
Administrative and waste services ………………
Educational services ……………………………
Health care and social assistance ………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ……………
Accommodation and food services ……………
Other services, except public administration …
Unclassified establishments ……………………
29.8
18.6
25.0
29.9
17.5
17.9
23.0
16.4
17.6
22.6
27.1
23.2
25.8
30.8
18.4
17.6
24.9
18.6
18.5
20.3
38.4
35.8
44.5
41.6
32.7
43.9
31.4
38.0
41.0
43.7
40.9
40.1
40.6
39.5
38.8
43.1
31.0
40.3
39.2
42.1
18.2
23.2
20.2
18.6
26.2
23.5
18.1
22.9
23.2
23.5
17.9
20.9
19.6
18.3
25.7
23.4
19.3
22.7
23.7
23.6
10.1
21.3
9.8
8.4
21.2
12.8
22.6
20.2
14.5
10.0
9.7
14.6
13.4
9.7
15.7
13.8
20.1
15.9
13.6
12.0
59.0
43.8
38.5
52.5
29.4
14.2
52.3
33.2
29.8
60.2
59.8
51.3
37.7
52.5
36.3
12.3
53.1
39.6
32.5
58.2
40.8
55.7
61.4
46.4
70.2
85.6
47.0
66.3
70.1
39.4
40.0
48.3
62.2
46.3
63.4
87.5
46.0
59.9
67.3
39.7
18.9
20.7
39.4
38.8
23.4
22.7
15.0
14.5
37.4
36.1
62.0
63.4
Automation ...........................................................
Bankruptcy ............................................................
Business ownership change .................................
Contract cancellation ............................................
Contract completion .............................................
Domestic relocation ..............................................
Energy-related…………………………………………
Environment-related…………………………………
Financial difficulty .................................................
Import competition ................................................
Labor dispute ........................................................
Material shortage ..................................................
12.8
20.2
17.3
23.4
23.7
26.4
23.6
24.5
20.3
13.9
14.3
18.1
17.4
18.1
18.2
29.9
22.0
22.8
21.8
14.8
20.6
12.1
11.5
16.0
41.4
39.1
41.1
41.6
41.6
41.5
41.9
31.6
39.3
37.1
40.3
49.6
45.2
36.8
39.7
39.0
40.4
39.7
38.1
34.1
41.0
37.1
39.1
45.0
26.8
24.3
25.3
22.2
21.6
21.8
24.7
20.9
24.0
26.6
32.5
21.9
25.1
28.2
26.4
19.6
22.9
24.4
26.4
33.4
24.2
32.1
32.7
27.4
19.0
15.9
15.7
11.2
11.3
10.0
9.7
22.8
14.5
14.3
12.7
10.2
11.8
15.6
14.8
10.7
12.0
12.7
13.4
16.9
12.6
16.8
15.6
11.1
45.9
53.8
48.5
57.8
67.2
42.9
82.1
78.7
54.1
40.9
61.4
56.2
46.6
57.2
53.4
50.5
68.2
49.5
77.8
80.6
56.2
55.8
66.5
71.3
54.1
46.0
51.2
42.0
31.6
57.1
17.8
21.3
45.6
59.0
38.4
43.6
53.0
41.8
46.3
48.9
30.3
50.2
22.0
19.3
43.6
43.9
33.1
28.3
Model changeover ................................................
Natural disaster ....................................................
Non-natural disaster …………………………………
Overseas relocation .............................................
Plant or machine repair ........................................
Product line discontinued .....................................
Reorganization within company ............................
Seasonal work ......................................................
Slack work ............................................................
Vacation period ....................................................
Weather-related ....................................................
Other .....................................................................
Not reported ..........................................................
8.8
6.0
( )
11.4
13.2
15.0
20.1
20.7
19.3
16.7
21.3
22.0
22.2
6.1
17.1
18.3
13.1
14.8
16.0
22.4
20.5
19.5
10.3
21.7
21.5
22.6
35.4
36.0
(3)
41.7
42.1
38.3
41.2
41.7
39.0
42.8
47.2
39.9
44.3
28.4
43.7
34.8
40.6
42.4
34.7
41.1
40.6
41.6
36.4
42.9
43.5
40.6
39.3
27.0
(3)
29.7
27.5
31.7
25.1
21.6
26.6
23.8
21.3
22.5
22.4
44.0
26.3
22.9
29.1
27.7
20.4
23.4
22.3
25.3
25.3
23.8
21.8
20.0
15.8
31.0
(3)
16.3
16.5
13.5
12.4
14.3
12.0
16.5
9.9
13.4
9.9
21.2
12.9
11.7
16.5
13.2
10.0
12.0
15.0
12.3
22.4
11.2
10.5
10.0
76.3
61.0
(3)
42.8
55.8
56.8
50.3
56.3
64.7
24.0
88.8
50.5
57.1
35.8
62.5
62.2
40.1
63.6
53.7
52.5
55.4
59.2
34.4
85.4
57.7
51.9
23.4
39.0
(3)
57.0
43.3
43.1
49.3
43.4
34.5
76.0
10.3
49.1
42.7
16.5
37.5
37.8
59.6
34.7
45.9
47.2
44.3
40.2
65.5
13.7
42.0
47.8
2
Total .........................................................
Industry
Total private ..........................................................
Government …………………………………………
Reason for layoff
3
1
Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some
nonreporting.
2
See footnote 1, table 1.
3
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter
of 2001 in order to be able to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the
September 11 attacks.
18
Table 14. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by State, 2001
Continued claims without earnings1
State
2
Initial claims for
unemployment
insurance
Number
Average number
filed per initial
claimant
Final payments for
1
unemployment insurance
Number
Percentage of
initial claimants
receiving final
payments
Total ………………………………………………
1,609,705
3,415,531
2.1
241,356
15.0
Alabama…………………………………………………
Alaska……………………………………………………
Arizona……………………………………………………
Arkansas…………………………………………………
California…………………………………………………
Colorado…………………………………………………
Connecticut………………………………………………
Delaware…………………………………………………
District of Columbia………………………………………
Florida……………………………………………………
Georgia……………………………………………………
Hawaii……………………………………………………
Idaho………………………………………………………
18,257
669
23,787
4,066
323,405
17,529
8,572
804
3,623
92,613
12,826
8,901
5,331
51,792
560
54,491
8,950
733,011
47,307
11,016
1,335
12,052
204,959
34,479
6,561
10,911
2.8
.8
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.7
1.3
1.7
3.3
2.2
2.7
.7
2.0
3,231
3
6,228
592
47,442
1,934
820
47
642
20,827
4,080
283
985
17.7
.4
26.2
14.6
14.7
11.0
9.6
5.8
17.7
22.5
31.8
3.2
18.5
Illinois………………………………………………………
Indiana……………………………………………………
Iowa………………………………………………………
Kansas……………………………………………………
Kentucky…………………………………………………
Louisiana…………………………………………………
Maine………………………………………………………
Maryland…………………………………………………
Massachusetts……………………………………………
Michigan…………………………………………………
Minnesota…………………………………………………
Mississippi…………………………………………………
Missouri……………………………………………………
134,123
42,936
18,382
17,505
15,492
9,980
6,161
5,529
45,159
77,543
34,654
8,133
24,187
346,960
85,137
30,191
35,408
4,482
20,380
9,590
13,210
99,451
138,956
92,633
11,414
44,703
2.6
2.0
1.6
2.0
.3
2.0
1.6
2.4
2.2
1.8
2.7
1.4
1.8
21,706
6,775
1,239
1,846
1,715
1,953
884
374
6,532
9,557
5,161
154
2,651
16.2
15.8
6.7
10.5
11.1
19.6
14.3
6.8
14.5
12.3
14.9
1.9
11.0
Montana……………………………………………………
Nebraska…………………………………………………
Nevada ......................................................................
New Hampshire .........................................................
New Jersey ................................................................
New Mexico ...............................................................
New York…………………………………………………
North Carolina……………………………………………
North Dakota………………………………………………
Ohio………………………………………………………
Oklahoma…………………………………………………
Oregon……………………………………………………
Pennsylvania………………………………………………
3,192
3
( )
21,791
5,750
41,496
3,719
60,935
38,497
2,708
60,138
12,914
29,076
109,256
6,409
3
( )
38,489
8,767
107,688
10,298
141,960
119,662
4,854
67,993
25,389
42,414
169,224
2.0
1.0
1.8
1.5
2.6
2.8
2.3
3.1
1.8
1.1
2.0
1.5
1.5
632
3
( )
1,771
563
8,394
806
7,994
9,565
460
7,856
2,984
3,757
8,737
19.8
.2
8.1
9.8
20.2
21.7
13.1
24.8
17.0
13.1
23.1
12.9
8.0
Rhode Island………………………………………………
South Carolina……………………………………………
South Dakota……………………………………………
Tennessee………………………………………………
Texas………………………………………………………
Utah………………………………………………………
Vermont …………………………………………………
Virginia……………………………………………………
Washington………………………………………………
West Virginia……………………………………………
Wisconsin…………………………………………………
Wyoming…………………………………………………
4,191
14,229
922
13,659
108,875
9,205
1,858
20,580
30,736
921
54,198
3
( )
6,510
20,913
1,862
44,038
247,027
19,397
3,956
39,453
83,074
3,260
92,439
3
( )
1.6
1.5
2.0
3.2
2.3
2.1
2.1
1.9
2.7
3.5
1.7
1.0
89
1,276
72
3,672
21,008
996
301
3,039
3,903
52
5,728
3
( )
2.1
9.0
7.8
26.9
19.3
10.8
16.2
14.8
12.7
5.6
10.6
49.4
16,830
55,243
3.3
2,053
12.2
Puerto Rico………………………………………………
1
The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial
claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month
during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which
is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued
claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are
classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS
claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional
information.
19
2
See footnote 1, table 1.
3
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
Table 15. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by industry and reason for
layoff, 2001
Continued claims without earnings1
Measure
2
Total ……………………………………………………
Initial claims for
unemployment
insurance
Number
Average number
filed per initial
claimant
Final payments for
1
unemployment insurance
Number
Percentage of
initial claimants
receiving final
payments
1,609,705
3,415,531
2.1
241,356
15.0
1,562,978
3,318,137
2.1
233,002
14.9
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting …………………
Mining ………………………………………………………
Utilities ………………………………………………………
Construction …………………………………………………
Manufacturing ………………………………………………
Wholesale trade ……………………………………………
Retail trade …………………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing …………………………
Information …………………………………………………
110,907
12,476
4,196
115,303
691,184
22,600
103,328
96,504
56,175
278,841
25,119
8,525
202,894
1,444,836
62,911
214,121
207,586
149,615
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.8
2.1
2.8
2.1
2.2
2.7
24,027
1,291
461
9,057
109,060
4,977
17,831
7,274
9,264
21.7
10.3
11.0
7.9
15.8
22.0
17.3
7.5
16.5
Finance and insurance ……………………………………
Real estate and rental and leasing ………………………
Professional and technical services ………………………
Management of companies and enterprises ……………
Administrative and waste services ………………………
Educational services ………………………………………
Health care and social assistance ………………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ………………………
Accommodation and food services ………………………
Other services, except public administration ……………
29,631
4,645
40,566
2,831
132,562
1,264
19,370
16,710
82,001
10,462
88,239
9,765
101,656
5,271
272,062
2,760
41,798
29,825
131,315
17,871
3.0
2.1
2.5
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.2
1.8
1.6
1.7
6,302
619
8,402
233
21,829
280
2,111
1,800
5,917
926
21.3
13.3
20.7
8.2
16.5
22.2
10.9
10.8
7.2
8.9
Unclassified establishments ………………………………
10,263
23,127
2.3
1,341
13.1
Government ……………………………………………………
46,727
97,394
2.1
8,354
17.9
Automation ........................................................................
Bankruptcy ........................................................................
Business ownership change .............................................
Contract cancellation .........................................................
Contract completion ..........................................................
Domestic relocation ...........................................................
Energy-related…………………………………………………
Environment-related……………………………………………
Financial difficulty ..............................................................
Import competition .............................................................
Labor dispute ....................................................................
Material shortage ...............................................................
2,058
62,173
45,014
28,991
130,163
14,663
3,988
602
137,873
27,237
5,516
1,676
3,263
169,594
100,768
68,271
237,076
37,631
13,068
842
361,387
65,294
8,486
3,301
1.6
2.7
2.2
2.4
1.8
2.6
3.3
1.4
2.6
2.4
1.5
2.0
170
12,866
7,431
5,565
20,403
3,347
1,069
71
25,275
6,077
508
299
8.3
20.7
16.5
19.2
15.7
22.8
26.8
11.8
18.3
22.3
9.2
17.8
Model changeover .............................................................
Natural disaster .................................................................
Non-natural disaster …………………………………………
Overseas relocation ..........................................................
Plant or machine repair .....................................................
Product line discontinued ..................................................
Reorganization within company ........................................
Seasonal work ...................................................................
Slack work .........................................................................
Vacation period .................................................................
Weather-related ................................................................
Other .................................................................................
Not reported ......................................................................
7,721
574
2,227
12,926
4,967
9,207
143,122
376,985
419,245
19,310
5,987
93,488
53,992
13,181
940
8,202
39,351
7,239
21,769
381,478
763,982
760,392
24,540
9,361
216,278
99,837
1.7
1.6
3.7
3.0
1.5
2.4
2.7
2.0
1.8
1.3
1.6
2.3
1.8
2,163
10
574
4,139
366
2,183
30,622
52,703
42,982
655
231
14,185
7,462
28.0
1.7
25.8
32.0
7.4
23.7
21.4
14.0
10.3
3.4
3.9
15.2
13.8
Industry
Total private ......................................................................
Reason for layoff
1
The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial
claimants associated with extended mass layoffs once a month
during the Current Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which
is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued
claims with earnings are excluded because such individuals are
classified as employed in the CPS. Final payment information for MLS
claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional
information.
2
20
See footnote 1, table 1.
Table 16. Unemployment insurance benefit exhaustion rates by selected claimant characteristics, 2001
Characteristic
2
Total …………………………………
Final payments for
Initial claims for
unemployment insurance
unemployment insurance
Percentage of initial claimants
receiving final payments
1,609,705
241,356
15.0
325,473
654,890
386,747
211,845
30,750
44,886
97,561
58,457
37,066
3,386
13.8
14.9
15.1
17.5
11.0
915,950
681,550
12,205
123,006
115,379
2,971
13.4
16.9
24.3
886,093
218,430
297,440
11,798
54,668
141,276
113,747
42,518
52,999
1,813
10,295
19,984
12.8
19.5
17.8
15.4
18.8
14.1
1
Age
Under 30 years of age …………………
30 to 44 …………………………………
45 to 54 …………………………………
55 years of age or older ………………
Not available ……………………………
Gender
Male………………………………………
Female……………………………………
Not available ……………………………
Race/ethnicity
White………………………………………
Black ……………………………………
Hispanic origin …………………………
American Indian or Alaskan Native ……
Asian or Pacific Islander ………………
Not available ……………………………
1
2
Final payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B for additional information.
See footnote 1, table 1.
21
Table 17. Census region and division: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 1999–2001
Layoff events
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
Census region and division
1999
2000
2001
United States .............................
5,675
5,620
8,352
1,149,267
1,170,427
1,750,643
972,244
1,018,700
1,609,705
Northeast ...............................................
848
826
1,328
169,040
158,894
257,566
165,293
171,111
283,378
New England .....................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................
207
641
216
610
420
908
57,185
111,855
63,343
95,551
88,371
169,195
32,913
132,380
42,466
128,645
71,691
211,687
South .....................................................
1,212
1,271
1,895
229,203
245,099
396,407
213,718
229,395
380,998
South Atlantic ....................................
East South Central ............................
West South Central ...........................
519
176
517
575
277
419
1,026
352
517
107,574
28,885
92,744
117,803
46,406
80,890
202,406
65,596
128,405
79,072
24,548
110,098
94,135
45,586
89,674
189,622
55,541
135,835
Midwest .................................................
1,643
1,715
2,301
305,299
348,029
515,218
270,112
307,713
467,909
East North Central .............................
West North Central ............................
1,362
281
1,439
276
1,810
491
255,064
50,235
300,607
47,422
424,477
90,741
227,501
42,611
267,467
40,246
368,938
98,971
West ......................................................
1,972
1,808
2,828
445,725
418,405
581,452
323,121
310,481
477,420
Mountain ............................................
Pacific ................................................
250
1,722
269
1,539
465
2,363
54,902
390,823
54,811
363,594
109,423
472,029
33,630
289,491
37,801
272,680
84,633
392,787
1
1999
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that make up the
census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey,
New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia,
Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and
West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas;
East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West
North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii,
Oregon, and Washington.
22
Table 18. State distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
1999–2001
Layoff events
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
State
1999
1
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
Total ...............................................
5,675
5,620
8,352
1,149,267
1,170,427
1,750,643
972,244
1,018,700
1,609,705
Alabama .....................................................
Alaska .........................................................
Arizona .......................................................
Arkansas ....................................................
California ....................................................
Colorado .....................................................
Connecticut ................................................
Delaware ....................................................
District of Columbia ....................................
Florida .........................................................
Georgia .......................................................
Hawaii .........................................................
Idaho ...........................................................
82
19
68
27
1,490
23
33
2
( )
4
209
54
49
39
63
22
99
22
1,322
40
36
2
( )
3
293
35
19
37
108
6
129
27
1,962
118
60
6
13
531
74
48
45
13,359
13,209
24,350
5,909
336,325
3,455
12,573
2
( )
558
39,249
10,383
4,896
4,884
10,632
4,520
22,002
3,889
316,286
10,122
9,361
2
( )
1,200
53,721
11,303
1,997
4,802
22,092
1,136
24,045
6,077
388,339
30,124
15,008
814
3,623
97,585
21,215
6,272
7,726
11,589
2,341
12,716
4,703
252,382
2,347
5,213
2
( )
558
28,031
7,907
5,356
4,142
10,059
2,783
17,334
3,703
229,080
5,089
5,370
2
( )
1,200
48,620
5,268
2,052
3,748
18,257
669
23,787
4,066
323,405
17,529
8,572
804
3,623
92,613
12,826
8,901
5,331
Illinois ..........................................................
Indiana ........................................................
Iowa ............................................................
Kansas .......................................................
Kentucky .....................................................
Louisiana ....................................................
Maine ..........................................................
Maryland .....................................................
Massachusetts ............................................
Michigan .....................................................
Minnesota ...................................................
Mississippi ..................................................
Missouri ......................................................
429
80
45
32
33
50
30
29
124
384
128
23
70
480
97
67
23
81
38
20
18
130
358
129
48
44
678
191
101
42
85
80
43
39
245
352
199
69
120
102,593
15,071
8,184
7,179
5,574
9,953
7,229
3,447
33,975
54,549
21,747
4,556
11,754
116,985
17,923
9,453
3,473
15,545
4,948
10,950
3,091
37,362
58,352
25,662
9,681
7,306
173,892
40,361
15,591
13,671
17,420
10,747
10,177
9,381
46,850
95,873
35,595
11,485
21,674
75,851
11,940
8,140
5,490
3,082
9,291
4,462
3,165
21,050
63,535
18,293
2,816
9,544
82,834
17,902
11,209
2,961
11,488
5,166
3,212
2,409
29,905
66,652
19,307
5,604
5,177
134,123
42,936
18,382
17,505
15,492
9,980
6,161
5,529
45,159
77,543
34,654
8,133
24,187
Montana ......................................................
Nebraska ....................................................
Nevada .......................................................
New Hampshire ..........................................
New Jersey .................................................
New Mexico ................................................
New York ....................................................
North Carolina ............................................
North Dakota ..............................................
Ohio ............................................................
Oklahoma ...................................................
Oregon ........................................................
Pennsylvania ..............................................
13
2
( )
55
5
146
25
201
91
3
298
27
79
294
17
7
31
10
170
19
213
110
4
328
17
73
227
22
2
( )
72
29
200
24
367
206
18
338
46
164
341
1,202
2
( )
8,578
510
25,783
4,843
40,803
21,734
895
48,489
4,969
13,493
45,269
2,207
841
5,050
1,629
24,027
3,846
33,198
27,823
516
57,859
3,971
18,422
38,326
4,230
2
( )
23,872
9,232
37,389
5,851
72,910
44,013
2,752
56,069
9,668
29,791
58,896
1,208
2
( )
6,929
517
24,389
3,175
31,552
14,189
702
44,706
4,948
9,896
76,439
2,416
741
4,297
954
28,497
1,915
35,148
15,938
516
60,397
3,826
18,405
65,000
3,192
2
( )
21,791
5,750
41,496
3,719
60,935
38,497
2,708
60,138
12,914
29,076
109,256
Rhode Island ..............................................
South Carolina ............................................
South Dakota ..............................................
Tennessee ..................................................
Texas ..........................................................
Utah ............................................................
Vermont ......................................................
Virginia .......................................................
Washington ................................................
West Virginia ..............................................
Wisconsin ...................................................
Wyoming ....................................................
12
55
( )
38
413
24
3
71
85
5
171
3
11
33
( )
85
342
26
9
70
103
12
176
–
29
52
7
90
364
54
14
96
183
9
251
2
( )
2,467
6,203
2
( )
5,396
71,913
6,479
431
24,716
22,900
1,196
34,362
1,111
2,886
4,266
2
( )
10,548
68,082
6,782
1,155
14,863
22,369
1,446
49,488
–
5,188
5,382
754
14,599
101,913
13,496
1,916
19,278
46,491
1,115
58,282
2
( )
1,240
12,763
2
( )
7,061
91,156
2,837
431
11,709
19,516
662
31,469
276
1,755
8,118
2
( )
18,435
76,979
3,002
1,270
11,245
20,360
1,247
39,682
–
4,191
14,229
922
13,659
108,875
9,205
1,858
20,580
30,736
921
54,198
2
( )
Puerto Rico .................................................
63
61
84
9,881
11,751
17,444
11,077
11,268
16,830
1
2
2
See footnote 1, table 1.
2
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
23
Table 19. Top 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas in 2001: Number of extended mass layoff events and separations
2000
2001
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Layoff events
Separations
Rank
Total, 331 Metropolitan Statistical Areas …
3,562
706,632
Total, top 50 Metropolitan Statistical Areas……
2,274
501,827
Chicago, IL ………………………………………
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA …………………
Fresno, CA ………………………………………
San Jose, CA ……………………………………
Bakersfield, CA …………………………………
New York, NY ……………………………………
Detroit, MI …………………………………………
Houston, TX ………………………………………
Las Vegas, NV-AZ ………………………………
Dallas, TX …………………………………………
226
128
169
17
111
92
133
102
24
46
52,156
29,389
40,883
4,505
21,990
12,450
24,547
20,234
3,837
16,187
Salinas, CA ………………………………………
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI ……………………
San Francisco, CA ………………………………
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA …………………
Boston, MA-NH …………………………………
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA …………………
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA ……………………
Orange County, CA ………………………………
Stockton-Lodi, CA ………………………………
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA ……………………
88
54
24
24
39
75
84
26
42
13
San Diego, CA ……………………………………
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX …………………………
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ ………………………………
Atlanta, GA ………………………………………
Austin-San Marcos, TX …………………………
Miami, FL …………………………………………
Oakland, CA ………………………………………
San Antonio, TX …………………………………
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT ………………………
Ventura, CA ………………………………………
1
1
Layoff events
Separations
Rank
–
5,651
1,118,152
…
–
3,628
756,351
…
1
3
2
35
5
12
4
7
41
9
346
299
157
199
119
162
142
60
66
92
89,087
55,135
36,172
31,613
31,226
30,918
27,734
23,387
19,792
19,417
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
18,624
7,645
3,494
7,282
7,152
20,636
14,408
5,628
8,189
2,819
8
19
47
20
22
6
11
28
18
59
82
97
106
61
89
84
91
101
47
46
19,327
16,755
16,352
15,896
15,844
14,634
14,240
13,112
12,146
11,959
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
17
28
10
5
35
23
23
13
24
5,218
3,533
3,689
6,557
1,015
5,879
3,588
4,051
3,144
3,295
29
46
44
24
121
27
45
38
53
50
82
31
67
31
32
67
78
26
36
51
11,744
11,736
11,499
11,460
11,388
11,156
10,668
8,572
8,462
8,398
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
St. Louis, MO-IL …………………………………
Sacramento, CA …………………………………
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC …………
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI ………………………
Philadelphia, PA-NJ ……………………………
Yuma, AZ …………………………………………
Kansas City, MO-KS ……………………………
Petersburg-Clearwater,FL
FL …………
Tampa-St.Petersburg-Clearwater,
Tampa-St.
Indianapolis, IN ……………………………………
Newark, NJ ………………………………………
19
25
19
26
44
50
15
14
15
36
6,297
8,951
10,794
12,092
4,031
15,481
2,798
1,936
2,895
4,786
26
16
14
13
39
10
60
83
57
32
43
31
35
33
58
32
33
45
32
40
8,262
8,152
8,090
8,010
7,940
7,543
7,479
7,338
7,196
7,110
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Modesto, CA ………………………………………
Denver, CO ………………………………………
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN ……………………………
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY ………………………
Orlando, FL ………………………………………
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC ………………
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI …………
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL ……………
Nassau-Suffolk, NY ………………………………
Gary, IN ……………………………………………
35
5
24
17
11
3
41
31
26
9
8,565
551
4,911
2,179
1,560
373
7,069
8,988
4,612
1,453
17
179
31
77
95
205
23
15
34
99
31
26
33
30
50
20
38
27
26
18
6,827
6,385
6,266
6,089
5,805
5,767
5,750
5,732
5,531
5,250
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
2
1
Metropolitan areas are ranked by the number of separation in 2001.
See footnote 1, table 1.
NOTE: The geographic boundaries of the metropolitan areas shown in
this table are defined in Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 1999, U.S. Office of
Management and Budget, June 1999.
2
24
Chart 1. Index of mass layoff separations, 2001
Mountain
West North Central
East North Central
New England
WA
ME
VT
ND
MT
OR
Middle
Atlantic
MN
WI
SD
ID
NH
MA
RI
NY
MI
CT
WY
IA
NE
IL
UT
CA
CO
KS
IN
OH
MD
MO
KY
NM
DE
WV
VA
TN
AZ
NJ
PA
NV
DC
NC
OK
AR
SC
MS
Pacific
AL
South
Atlantic
GA
LA
TX
FL
West South
Central
AK
HI
East South
Central
Index
160 or more
Note: The
The index
index is
is calculated
calculatedas
asthe
theshare
shareof
ofprivates
private sector
Note:
ector
separations
separationsdivided
dividedby
bythe
theshare
shareof
ofprivate,sector
private sectoremployment
employment
in establishments employing at least 50 workers.
120 to 159
80 to 119
in establishments employing at least 50 workers.
40 to 79
Source: Mass Layoff Statistics
39 or below
SOURCE: Mass Layoff Statistics
25
Table 20. Summary of employer expectations of a recall from extended mass layoffs, 1996–2001
1
Percent of layoff events
Nature of recall
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
60.5
65.8
60.2
59.9
60.7
44.6
81.5
48.4
81.4
50.4
83.4
51.3
83.2
44.2
83.1
45.0
80.1
44.0
89.9
59.0
90.7
61.0
93.0
62.3
89.6
49.3
89.0
48.2
84.4
36.4
91.8
94.9
92.1
93.9
94.1
91.5
84.2
42.7
86.0
48.5
88.1
47.3
87.1
41.7
86.8
42.2
86.4
40.6
94.3
65.3
95.5
70.1
97.0
66.3
94.6
53.6
93.1
51.7
91.7
42.5
40.2
42.0
39.4
33.6
33.5
25.5
77.4
56.8
72.9
53.8
76.2
57.4
74.6
49.5
74.7
51.5
71.0
49.1
83.3
49.6
81.9
44.0
86.9
56.2
78.8
40.2
79.7
40.3
73.7
27.5
ALL LAYOFF EVENTS
Anticipate a recall……………………………………
Timeframe
Within 6 months………………………………………
Within 3 months…………………………………
Size of recall
At least half……………………………………………
All workers…………………………………………
LAYOFF EVENTS DUE TO SEASONAL WORK
AND VACATION PERIOD
Anticipate a recall……………………………………
Timeframe
Within 6 months………………………………………
Within 3 months…………………………………
Size of recall
At least half……………………………………………
All workers…………………………………………
ALL LAYOFF EVENTS, EXCLUDING
THOSE DUE TO SEASONAL WORK
AND VACATION PERIOD
Anticipate a recall……………………………………
Timeframe
Within 6 months………………………………………
Within 3 months…………………………………
Size of recall
At least half……………………………………………
All workers…………………………………………
1
See footnote 1, table1.
26
Table 21. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, 1996–2001
Percent of layoff events
Measure
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
60.5
65.8
60.2
59.9
60.7
44.6
Total private .............................................................
60.7
65.4
60.0
59.6
60.6
44.0
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting .............
Mining ..................................................................
Utilities .................................................................
Construction ........................................................
Manufacturing.......................................................
Wholesale trade ..................................................
Retail trade ..........................................................
Transportation and warehousing .........................
Information ...........................................................
Finance and insurance ........................................
92.6
41.2
14.3
70.3
56.0
41.4
28.3
72.8
45.2
8.7
95.2
61.5
33.3
73.0
58.4
48.6
29.3
78.0
48.2
7.5
93.2
42.2
11.1
69.3
55.6
43.5
29.3
72.2
25.0
3.8
92.8
34.1
55.6
72.7
47.5
36.8
32.5
73.4
25.9
5.4
91.4
61.1
31.8
81.6
48.5
35.5
29.1
70.3
26.0
5.3
92.8
62.3
26.3
72.6
33.5
18.3
21.2
54.9
8.6
2.8
Real estate and rental and leasing ......................
Professional and technical services ....................
Management of companies and enterprises .......
Administrative and waste services ......................
Educational services.............................................
Health care and social assistance .......................
Arts, entertainment, and recreation .....................
Accommodation and food services .....................
Other services, except public administration........
60.0
58.0
33.3
53.2
50.0
62.1
82.2
73.5
81.4
37.5
57.0
66.7
51.6
76.9
70.2
82.7
74.9
87.5
50.0
49.1
63.6
43.4
61.5
61.3
68.3
66.7
83.1
61.5
50.4
33.3
37.9
55.6
63.3
83.2
70.2
80.5
41.2
50.8
50.0
52.2
54.5
56.6
81.7
73.5
82.3
24.2
20.6
37.5
38.8
33.3
68.4
76.2
55.0
72.0
Unclassified ........................................................
40.0
40.0
–
30.4
32.3
28.9
Government .............................................................
57.1
73.0
64.1
68.3
63.9
65.6
Automation ..............................................................
Bankruptcy ...............................................................
Business ownership change ....................................
Contract cancellation ...............................................
Contract completion .................................................
Domestic relocation .................................................
Energy-related…………………………………………
Environment-related……………………………………
Financial difficulty ....................................................
Import competition ...................................................
Labor dispute ...........................................................
Material shortage .....................................................
57.1
3.9
9.0
36.4
58.7
9.2
–
42.9
12.3
9.7
50.0
57.1
33.3
11.3
14.8
24.6
62.1
5.2
–
–
10.3
12.1
59.4
84.6
66.7
4.9
9.1
25.0
43.2
4.4
33.3
57.1
9.2
18.9
77.1
87.0
20.0
2.8
7.4
25.6
47.7
5.4
50.0
7.7
8.9
5.2
61.5
70.0
–
3.2
4.0
28.7
57.6
–
40.0
28.6
7.5
9.5
48.3
83.3
36.4
3.1
4.3
16.7
52.0
5.0
20.0
–
8.3
9.1
61.5
40.0
Model changeover ...................................................
Natural disaster .......................................................
Non-natural disaster ................................................
Overseas relocation .................................................
Plant or machine repair ...........................................
Product line discontinued ........................................
Reorganization within company ...............................
Seasonal work .........................................................
Slack work ...............................................................
Vacation period ........................................................
Weather-related .......................................................
Other ........................................................................
Not reported .............................................................
83.3
81.3
3
( )
7.7
87.0
28.6
14.2
91.5
73.6
100.0
86.7
29.3
1.2
94.4
60.0
3
( )
5.3
100.0
27.7
14.1
94.7
74.1
98.9
89.2
23.6
2.3
84.2
33.3
3
( )
5.7
90.6
22.2
12.0
91.8
71.0
98.1
95.5
27.7
1.0
71.4
–
3
( )
–
92.9
17.1
13.0
93.9
70.3
94.1
94.9
18.8
1.1
77.8
100.0
3
( )
2.3
84.2
20.0
11.6
94.0
69.5
98.8
86.4
23.8
.7
53.8
75.0
6.7
1.3
100.0
4.9
6.3
91.0
42.5
99.2
90.7
14.9
.7
1
Total …………………………………….………
Industry
Reason for layoff
1
layoff in the third quarter of 2001 in order to be able to
See footnote 1, table 1.
2
identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the
September 11 attacks.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure
standards.
3
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for
27
Table 22. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which
the employer does not expect a recall, 2001
Measure
Layoff events
1
Total ………………………………………………
Separations
3,453
789,407
Total private ...............................................................
3,415
782,972
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ................
Mining .....................................................................
Utilities ....................................................................
Construction ...........................................................
Manufacturing..........................................................
Wholesale trade .....................................................
Retail trade .............................................................
Transportation and warehousing ............................
Information .............................................................
Finance and insurance ...........................................
29
17
13
105
1,704
124
307
113
268
160
6,382
3,618
1,914
14,568
361,555
21,421
92,616
39,295
50,978
30,947
Real estate and rental and leasing .........................
Professional and technical services .......................
Management of companies and enterprises ..........
Administrative and waste services .........................
Educational services...............................................
Health care and social assistance ..........................
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ........................
Accommodation and food services ........................
Other services, except public administration...........
17
155
8
187
8
47
17
99
14
4,532
25,373
895
87,539
1,084
7,944
4,668
21,869
1,722
Unclassified ...........................................................
23
4,052
Government ...............................................................
38
6,435
3
264
190
114
152
96
11
2
( )
567
112
3
8
385
125,909
51,443
22,304
28,322
18,222
2,341
2
( )
128,107
23,891
893
883
5
299
37
1,728
2
( )
2,991
15,059
–
8,919
141,358
28,086
122,762
–
–
60,612
4,689
1,683
446,817
Industry
Reason for layoff
Automation .................................................................
Bankruptcy .................................................................
Business ownership change ......................................
Contract cancellation ..................................................
Contract completion ...................................................
Domestic relocation ....................................................
Energy-related……………………………………………
Environment-related………………………………………
Financial difficulty .......................................................
Import competition ......................................................
Labor dispute ..............................................................
Material shortage ........................................................
Model changeover ......................................................
Natural disaster ..........................................................
Non-natural disaster ...................................................
Overseas relocation ...................................................
Plant or machine repair ..............................................
Product line discontinued ...........................................
Reorganization within company .................................
Seasonal work ............................................................
Slack work ..................................................................
Vacation period ..........................................................
Weather-related .........................................................
Other ..........................................................................
Not reported ...............................................................
3
Internal company restructuring …………………………
1
13
76
–
36
662
114
688
–
–
bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial
difficulty, and reorganization within company.
See footnote 1, table 1.
2
Data do not meet BLS or State agency
disclosure standards.
3
2
( )
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Internal company restructuring consists of
28
Table 23. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by reason for layoff, 1997-2001
Layoff events
Separations
Reason for layoff
1
Total, all reasons ..........................
1997
1998
1999
2000
615
683
684
778
2
2
2
2
2001
1,253
1997
157,957
1998
1999
2000
2001
154,273
185,298
188,660
379,790
2
2
2
( )
21,548
16,778
3,388
5,454
12,559
–
874
23,182
10,086
1,769
( )
43,804
24,704
4,193
2,445
7,492
457
2,543
28,792
20,095
2
( )
2
2
( )
48,246
14,262
6,445
1,189
8,529
2
( )
569
41,193
10,351
–
–
112,566
32,606
8,919
1,735
14,616
1,457
2
( )
71,638
17,864
2
( )
2
2
Automation .......................................
Bankruptcy ........................................
Business ownership change .............
Contract cancellation ........................
Contract completed ..........................
Domestic relocation ..........................
Energy-related ..................................
Environment-related .........................
Financial difficulty .............................
Import competition ............................
Labor dispute ....................................
( )
52
53
19
12
47
–
5
107
38
–
( )
64
76
18
22
65
–
3
85
45
3
( )
89
88
26
12
40
3
7
111
64
2
( )
( )
120
60
36
9
51
2
( )
4
197
47
–
–
208
82
35
6
76
6
2
( )
299
78
2
( )
( )
17,805
12,076
4,891
2,209
10,818
–
541
34,259
9,087
–
Material shortage ..............................
Model changeover ............................
Natural disaster ................................
Non-natural disaster .........................
Overseas relocation .........................
Plant or machine repair ....................
Product line discontinued .................
Reorganization within company ........
Seasonal work ..................................
Slack work ........................................
Weather-related ................................
Other .................................................
Not reported ......................................
( )
–
(2)
4
( )
24
–
18
120
2
( )
34
3
68
8
2
3
2
( )
(2)
4
( )
20
–
14
138
7
27
–
76
13
( )
–
–
4
( )
26
–
6
123
2
( )
26
2
( )
44
13
2
( )
–
–
4
( )
18
2
( )
6
127
3
32
–
49
14
2
5
2
( )
–
7
49
–
7
178
15
96
–
76
26
( )
–
(2)
4
( )
5,252
–
5,152
24,470
2
( )
10,691
248
18,122
911
536
2
( )
(2)
4
( )
5,936
–
2,313
26,408
1,586
5,362
–
14,480
1,397
( )
–
–
4
( )
4,868
–
970
25,600
2
( )
4,432
2
( )
11,365
2,514
( )
–
–
4
( )
3,801
2
( )
1,749
33,316
233
4,664
–
10,928
2,035
681
2
( )
–
2,404
10,512
–
3,960
50,759
2,994
26,472
–
16,454
3,238
332
363
411
504
767
88,610
87,916
122,900
137,017
267,569
3
Internal company restructuring .........
1
4
Non-natural disaster was added as a reason for layoff in the third quarter
of 2001 in order to identify layoffs directly or indirectly related to the September 11 attacks.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
3
Internal company restructuring consists of bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty, and reorganization within company.
2
29
Table 24. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry sector, 1997–2001
Layoff events
Separations
Industry
1997
1998
1999
2000
Total ................................................................
615
683
684
778
1,253
Total private ...........................................................
606
675
681
771
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ...........
Mining ................................................................
Utilities ...............................................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing.....................................................
Wholesale trade ................................................
Retail trade ........................................................
Transportation and warehousing .......................
Information ........................................................
Finance and insurance ......................................
11
13
–
10
307
24
109
23
14
24
13
9
(2)
14
337
30
95
20
23
38
10
19
(2)
13
348
32
103
31
7
19
16
4
4
5
405
34
113
32
17
26
Real estate and rental and leasing ....................
Professional and technical services ..................
Management of companies and enterprises .....
Administrative and waste services ....................
Educational services..........................................
Health care and social assistance .....................
Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................
Accommodation and food services ...................
Other services, except public administration......
( )
6
–
20
2
( )
16
7
15
2
( )
2
( )
12
2
( )
16
2
( )
29
7
22
4
–
12
4
24
2
( )
30
2
( )
16
5
Unclassified ......................................................
–
1
8
1
Government ...........................................................
9
2
1998
1999
2001
2001
157,957
154,273
185,298
188,660
379,790
1,252
155,148
153,150
184,165
186,791
379,715
12
9
(2)
19
650
51
189
37
71
38
3,182
2,877
–
1,609
63,740
4,403
43,447
5,877
2,500
5,682
1,624
1,535
(2)
3,479
73,923
6,373
25,926
5,110
5,329
8,387
2,195
5,893
(2)
3,306
77,469
5,455
49,998
6,457
1,953
4,192
3,456
488
764
510
85,940
7,397
43,888
6,176
3,206
6,210
2,341
2,812
(2)
2,055
164,994
11,328
70,000
10,405
18,489
10,636
( )
13
2
( )
24
2
( )
45
2
( )
9
10
8
41
2
( )
49
6
23
7
28
4
( )
1,637
–
3,714
2
( )
5,826
4,375
4,520
2
( )
3
3
7
3
7
1
2
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
30
2001
1997
2
( )
3,182
2
( )
3,631
2
( )
5,463
2,031
5,030
426
–
1,746
428
9,025
2
( )
9,612
2
( )
4,853
770
( )
1,434
2
( )
6,069
2
( )
15,423
2
( )
2,628
1,354
3,216
7,601
2
( )
55,019
834
5,149
1,978
9,945
463
–
55
303
455
1,940
1,123
1,133
1,869
75
2,809
2
2
Table 25. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001
Permanent closures
Industry
NAICS
2000
Layoff events Separations
2
2001
Rank
1
Layoff events Separations
Rank
1
Total ..............................................................
…
778
188,660
…
1,253
379,790
…
Total, top 50 industries .............................................
…
727
182,365
…
1,143
355,809
…
Administrative and support services …………………
General merchandise stores …………………………
Computer and electronic product manufacturing ……
Apparel manufacturing …………………………………
Electrical equipment and appliance mfg. ……………
Primary metal manufacturing …………………………
Textile mills ………………………………………………
Building material and garden supply stores …………
Machinery manufacturing ………………………………
Food manufacturing ……………………………………
Transportation equipment manufacturing ……………
Paper manufacturing ……………………………………
Furniture and related product manufacturing …………
Professional and technical services …………………
Food and beverage stores ……………………………
Telecommunications ……………………………………
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods ……………
561
452
334
315
335
331
313
444
333
311
336
322
337
541
445
517
424
24
26
24
66
11
12
23
7
21
44
42
21
14
13
20
6
19
6,069
17,989
8,132
12,388
2,231
4,040
5,586
3,039
4,952
9,481
11,631
4,300
2,537
1,434
5,996
1,044
4,460
7
1
6
2
31
15
10
21
11
5
3
14
26
35
8
39
12
48
58
76
86
33
34
57
23
41
38
37
32
38
41
28
30
26
54,915
27,640
25,347
17,413
15,552
14,574
13,436
12,868
9,877
9,699
8,678
8,545
8,224
7,601
7,487
7,420
6,597
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Fabricated metal product manufacturing ……………
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing …………
Furniture and home furnishings stores ………………
Accommodation …………………………………………
Nonstore retailers ………………………………………
Credit intermediation and related activities …………
Clothing and clothing accessories stores ……………
ISPs, search portals, and data processing ……………
Food services and drinking places ……………………
Publishing industries, except Internet …………………
Chemical manufacturing ………………………………
Miscellaneous manufacturing …………………………
Insurance carriers and related activities ………………
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods ………………
Printing and related support activities …………………
Leather and allied product manufacturing ……………
Wood product manufacturing …………………………
332
326
442
721
454
522
448
518
722
511
325
339
524
423
323
316
321
20
15
16
4
8
11
15
6
5
3
6
22
16
10
14
13
20
2,773
2,462
3,875
1,970
2,572
2,453
2,578
1,243
658
531
550
3,598
4,357
2,175
2,610
2,422
3,542
22
27
17
33
25
28
24
37
48
51
49
18
13
32
23
29
19
38
23
24
10
18
18
12
19
18
13
20
18
14
19
16
12
24
6,361
6,033
5,760
5,758
5,671
5,597
5,020
4,807
4,187
3,950
3,785
3,488
3,393
3,391
3,386
3,023
2,927
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Mining, except oil and gas ……………………………
Couriers and messengers ………………………………
Real estate ………………………………………………
Truck transportation ……………………………………
Unclassified establishments ……………………………
Hospitals …………………………………………………
Ambulatory health care services ………………………
Textile product mills ……………………………………
Air transportation ………………………………………
Securities, commodity contracts, investments ………
Motion picture and sound recording industries ………
Specialty trade contractors ……………………………
Miscellaneous store retailers …………………………
Electronic markets and agents and brokers …………
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing …………
Transit and ground passenger transportation ………
212
492
531
484
999
622
621
314
481
523
512
238
453
425
327
485
4
4
488
826
( )
3,465
455
10,156
4,011
1,381
3
( )
–
3
( )
329
3
( )
762
1,756
713
54
41
72
20
58
4
16
36
57
73
59
60
70
44
34
46
9
5
2,812
2,649
3
( )
2,126
1,940
1,921
1,905
1,878
3
( )
1,646
3
( )
1,382
1,352
1,340
1,251
1,197
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
2
3
3
( )
15
3
28
10
7
3
( )
–
3
( )
3
3
( )
5
8
5
3
Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001.
See footnote 1, table 1.
3
( )
10
7
6
8
12
3
( )
6
3
( )
11
8
6
7
6
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
31
Table 26. Permanent worksite closures: Over-the-year comparisons of extended mass layoff
events and separations by State, 2000-2001
Layoff events
Separations
State
2000
1
Total …………………
778
2001
379,790
191,130
33
15
-4
2
( )
3
82
2
( )
5
2
( )
–
13
20
2
( )
5
5,279
671
2
( )
1,576
40,984
2
( )
2,061
–
–
12,182
7,284
2
( )
422
7,506
–
2,548
3,335
63,209
2,693
3,609
2
( )
–
15,782
9,821
689
1,823
2,227
-671
2
( )
1,759
22,225
2
( )
1,548
2
( )
–
3,600
2,537
2
( )
1,401
10
12
17
2
1
1
15,963
3,068
1,707
819
5,849
1,495
951
1,056
8,808
3,453
2,053
5,084
4,465
28,749
7,689
5,570
1,934
3,737
2,224
1,638
3,666
3,647
45,744
3,535
4,118
5,013
12,786
4,621
3,863
1,115
-2,112
729
687
2,610
-5,161
42,291
1,482
-966
548
( )
2
( )
5,721
5,168
8,850
1,759
14,127
17,758
–
12,334
2,149
3,714
13,823
( )
2
( )
3,445
5,168
3,776
2
( )
11,573
6,825
–
2,422
1,570
2,556
10,923
835
1,532
2
( )
8,248
28,435
5,869
327
5,785
8,580
547
4,924
–
-994
-66
2
( )
5,665
20,920
5,029
2
( )
589
5,261
-152
2,071
–
Illinois……………………
Indiana…………………
Iowa………………………
Kansas…………………
Kentucky…………………
Louisiana………………
Maine……………………
Maryland…………………
Massachusetts…………
Michigan…………………
Minnesota………………
Mississippi………………
Missouri…………………
63
12
5
7
21
12
5
6
22
14
10
22
27
73
24
22
9
22
12
9
6
19
27
12
22
28
Rhode Island……………
South Carolina…………
South Dakota……………
Tennessee………………
Texas……………………
Utah………………………
Vermont…………………
Virginia…………………
Washington……………
West Virginia……………
Wisconsin………………
Wyoming………………
–
–
4
–
-3
13
2
–
2
–
26
2
( )
20
49
–
37
4
11
3
5
8
–
19
46
3
2
( )
22
18
6
14
–
Change
188,660
12
9
222
12
13
2
( )
–
61
36
3
8
3
8
2001
475
18
4
2
( )
6
140
2
( )
8
–
–
48
16
2
( )
3
–
2000
1,253
Alabama…………………
Alaska……………………
Arizona…………………
Arkansas………………
California………………
Colorado…………………
Connecticut……………
Delaware………………
District of Columbia……
Florida……………………
Georgia…………………
Hawaii……………………
Idaho……………………
Montana…………………
Nebraska………………
Nevada ........................
New Hampshire ...........
New Jersey ..................
New Mexico .................
New York………………
North Carolina…………
North Dakota……………
Ohio………………………
Oklahoma………………
Oregon…………………
Pennsylvania……………
Change
2
( )
2
( )
10
7
44
8
68
85
–
46
7
21
22
( )
2
( )
2
7
18
2
( )
48
36
–
9
3
10
19
–
367
2,276
–
5,074
2
( )
2,554
10,933
–
9,912
579
1,158
2,900
4
14
2
( )
41
77
15
3
23
38
5
16
–
-1
6
2
( )
22
31
12
2
( )
1
20
-1
2
–
1,829
1,598
–
2,583
7,515
840
2
( )
5,196
3,319
699
2,853
–
1
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
2
32
2
2
Table 27. State distribution:1 Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 2001
Plant closures
State
1997 ..........................................
1998 ..........................................
1999 ..........................................
2000 ..........................................
2001 ..........................................
1
Layoff
events
757
806
855
978
1,553
Substantial layoffs
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
168,062
161,296
200,992
250,836
401,755
111,913
113,011
123,422
131,413
269,430
See footnote 1, table 1.
33
Layoff
events
735
885
748
676
1,333
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
176,214
227,788
184,676
261,159
412,651
168,115
208,074
145,571
158,283
321,180
Initial
claimants
in
declining
industries
251,338
587,720
901,434
914,737
1,169,688
Table 28. State distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 2001
Plant closures
State
1
Total ...................................
Substantial layoffs
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
1,553
401,755
269,430
36
5,434
–
1,870
1,428
51,381
1,668
1,770
2
( )
–
9,281
7,616
689
1,510
19,749
5,739
4,312
837
3,470
2,270
1,581
1,194
3,080
6,107
3,199
2,492
3,694
Layoff
events
Alabama ...................................
Alaska .......................................
Arizona ......................................
Arkansas ...................................
California ...................................
Colorado ...................................
Connecticut ...............................
Delaware ...................................
District of Columbia ..................
Florida .......................................
Georgia .....................................
Hawaii .......................................
Idaho .........................................
12
11
247
14
14
2
( )
–
62
44
3
17
8,120
–
2,548
3,827
65,122
2,926
3,670
2
( )
–
15,902
10,921
689
2,424
Illinois ........................................
Indiana ......................................
Iowa ..........................................
Kansas ......................................
Kentucky ...................................
Louisiana ..................................
Maine ........................................
Maryland ...................................
Massachusetts ..........................
Michigan ...................................
Minnesota .................................
Mississippi ................................
Missouri ....................................
85
34
44
9
26
13
15
8
31
41
15
23
39
29,276
8,240
7,199
1,934
4,191
2,255
2,340
3,857
4,267
46,388
3,661
4,238
5,852
3
16
8
48
8
126
112
2
( )
52
10
21
23
( )
272
6,056
5,218
9,095
1,759
17,666
20,412
2
( )
12,493
2,333
3,714
13,923
( )
207
1,893
2,364
9,678
1,473
11,693
15,847
2
( )
8,381
2,117
3,714
18,907
1,237
1,657
2
( )
8,714
28,659
6,228
327
5,847
9,317
696
5,291
–
621
3,709
2
( )
5,212
22,664
4,225
228
4,997
5,813
638
4,019
–
8,489
4,565
Montana ....................................
Nebraska ..................................
Nevada .....................................
New Hampshire ........................
New Jersey ...............................
New Mexico ..............................
New York ..................................
North Carolina ...........................
North Dakota ............................
Ohio ..........................................
Oklahoma .................................
Oregon ......................................
Pennsylvania ............................
Rhode Island .............................
South Carolina ..........................
South Dakota ............................
Tennessee ................................
Texas ........................................
Utah ..........................................
Vermont ....................................
Virginia ......................................
Washington ...............................
West Virginia ............................
Wisconsin .................................
Wyoming ...................................
Puerto Rico ...............................
1
2
–
2
2
( )
10
17
2
( )
45
83
18
3
24
46
8
23
–
23
Separations
1,333
412,651
321,180
1,169,688
24
16
2
( )
252
12
5
–
2
( )
48
14
9
12
6,793
–
5,676
2
( )
101,346
2,002
1,388
–
2
( )
14,290
5,955
1,325
1,802
5,689
–
4,141
2
( )
43,169
1,084
893
–
2
( )
14,881
2,088
1,482
668
12,576
3,064
9,231
11,634
282,692
–
19,860
9,199
402
3,669
4,647
2,970
76
141
26
11
20
19
8
9
6
46
46
20
17
18
41,061
10,339
2,395
7,721
5,245
1,231
2,018
1,611
16,639
16,508
8,677
3,569
4,597
29,459
12,165
2,301
10,497
4,595
817
1,303
743
8,854
18,995
6,585
2,379
3,266
10,488
5,575
18,401
10,284
77,389
2,955
10,012
24,802
19,526
13,356
30,398
3,553
43,831
7
1,842
2
( )
11,674
2,336
8,040
–
11,304
12,460
801
13,254
1,410
4,554
16,795
1,066
2
( )
12,124
1,934
7,549
–
7,895
9,372
763
13,761
1,720
4,374
25,218
4,982
6,642
2,082
2,259
553
24,357
3,676
2,729
166,841
24,655
34,205
43,478
1,160
481
–
2,663
37,386
1,650
–
4,479
8,097
370
7,095
–
514
588
–
2,026
37,628
908
–
2,430
5,238
263
6,930
–
15,257
38,718
–
37,727
90,815
158
2,335
16,944
12,289
4,201
2,709
1,486
6,073
2,561
16,817
Layoff
events
–
2
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
2
( )
19
10
24
–
75
49
4
65
5
6
99
5
5
–
16
78
12
–
14
19
4
31
–
26
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
34
Initial
claimants
in
declining
industries
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
Table 29. Industry distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 2001
Plant closures
Industry
1
Layoff
events
Substantial layoffs
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
Layoff
events
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
Total ...............................................................
1,553
401,755
269,430
1,333
412,651
321,180
Total private ..........................................................
1,552
401,680
269,291
1,322
367,762
318,183
15
11
31
778
69
215
49
97
42
9
66
2
( )
57
7
28
8
36
8
23
2,876
2,874
2
( )
2,767
175,449
12,164
72,144
11,266
19,940
10,927
3,278
9,189
2
( )
55,686
974
5,486
2,002
10,527
693
2,928
1,719
2,534
2
( )
2,025
146,005
7,138
47,224
8,026
15,100
7,334
1,189
5,903
2
( )
13,929
613
2,914
561
4,577
547
1,649
24
20
3
216
614
30
33
53
65
16
2
( )
54
2
( )
85
3
11
9
37
16
30
4,586
5,619
662
37,182
164,227
5,453
8,914
43,359
14,710
4,130
2
( )
12,302
2
( )
36,985
473
1,244
2,387
17,397
3,103
4,489
2,981
5,006
798
31,489
157,182
3,498
6,602
30,374
10,918
3,103
2
( )
10,405
2
( )
29,558
190
944
1,598
16,842
2,515
3,949
1
75
139
11
44,889
2,997
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting …………
Mining …………………………………………………
Utilities …………………………………………………
Construction …………………………………………
Manufacturing …………………………………………
Wholesale trade ………………………………………
Retail trade ……………………………………………
Transportation and warehousing ……………………
Information ……………………………………………
Finance and insurance ………………………………
Real estate and rental and leasing …………………
Professional and technical services ………………
Management of companies and enterprises ………
Administrative and waste services …………………
Educational services …………………………………
Health care and social assistance …………………
Arts, entertainment, and recreation …………………
Accommodation and food services …………………
Other services, except public administration ………
Unclassified establishments …………………………
Government ..........................................................
1
2
2
( )
See footnote 1, table 1.
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
35
Appendix A: Tables Displaying SIC-based Industry Data
B
eginning with data published for January 2002, the
Mass Layoffs Statistics (MLS) program implemented
the 2002 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry. Due to
differences between the structures of NAICS and the previously used Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), data by
industry are not comparable between the NAICS- and SIC-
based systems. Extended MLS data from second-quarter
1995 through fourth-quarter 2001 are available on both NAICS
and SIC bases. Starting with data for 2002, however, data are
available only on a NAICS basis.
In this report, MLS data for 2001 have been presented
using the 2002 version of the NAICS industrial classification
system. However, additional tables are included in this appendix that display 2001 industry data on an SIC basis.
36
A-1. Industry distribution: Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 1999–2001
Layoff events
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
Industry
1999
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
1999
2000
2001
Total1 .....................................................................
5,675
5,620
8,352
1,149,267
1,170,427
1,750,643
972,244
1,018,700
1,609,705
Total private ....................................................................
5,467
5,418
8,131
1,096,859
1,107,055
1,697,593
931,272
974,104
1,562,978
Agriculture ....................................................................
Nonagriculture ...............................................................
Manufacturing ...........................................................
Durable goods ........................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Industrial machinery and equipment ...................
Electronic and other electrical equipment ...........
Transportation equipment ...................................
Instruments and related products .......................
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries .............
932
4,512
1,758
916
72
35
69
86
105
164
134
167
41
43
860
4,529
1,824
987
88
38
72
80
129
143
113
236
35
53
784
7,332
3,304
2,199
99
122
80
221
228
377
613
314
85
60
197,734
896,629
360,806
186,769
8,774
4,805
9,636
16,078
15,033
31,128
31,545
55,922
7,637
6,211
194,833
907,379
363,961
202,798
12,957
5,074
10,326
19,286
19,677
31,164
21,431
70,345
5,634
6,904
176,623
1,518,037
632,705
428,069
12,379
18,099
13,527
48,617
31,140
68,209
133,458
77,176
15,821
9,643
138,471
790,068
315,726
162,616
7,243
4,856
9,685
16,107
15,205
31,471
23,339
43,402
5,497
5,811
131,515
837,088
367,699
218,906
12,674
4,553
9,742
18,079
20,946
27,932
25,966
88,037
4,122
6,855
115,190
1,444,407
694,873
501,107
16,322
19,388
13,481
55,116
35,034
79,480
151,000
108,592
14,700
7,994
Nondurable goods ..................................................
Food and kindred products ..................................
Tobacco products ................................................
Textile mill products .............................................
Apparel and other textile products .......................
Paper and allied products ....................................
Printing and publishing .........................................
Chemicals and allied products .............................
Petroleum and coal products ...............................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products ......
Leather and leather products ...............................
842
343
9
76
176
45
43
40
22
67
21
837
334
10
53
177
63
42
34
19
83
22
1,105
353
11
127
195
91
91
66
18
131
22
174,037
83,659
3,425
16,260
31,319
6,925
6,986
5,869
3,629
12,864
3,101
161,163
74,656
2,645
13,359
27,957
9,948
6,190
5,240
2,479
14,784
3,905
204,636
72,853
3,915
27,380
30,718
16,845
15,788
10,149
2,865
20,757
3,366
153,110
63,344
2,119
18,281
33,468
5,897
7,103
5,604
3,389
10,864
3,041
148,793
66,260
2,247
13,168
28,802
8,787
5,668
4,821
2,519
13,423
3,098
193,766
65,773
2,435
29,323
31,586
15,069
12,481
8,128
2,488
23,620
2,863
Nonmanufacturing .....................................................
Mining ....................................................................
Construction ............................................................
Transportation and public utilities ...........................
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ..................................................
Retail trade ..........................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ........................
Services ..................................................................
2,754
88
799
266
547
146
401
128
926
2,705
48
750
322
507
147
360
131
947
4,028
61
771
609
821
221
600
203
1,563
535,823
15,931
117,764
55,937
140,343
23,541
116,802
25,088
180,760
543,418
6,215
109,205
57,425
132,681
23,892
108,789
33,618
204,274
885,332
13,109
110,566
156,832
205,007
37,020
167,987
40,045
359,773
474,342
17,607
119,389
49,878
96,827
16,964
79,863
20,001
170,640
469,389
5,450
111,205
55,805
98,382
17,964
80,418
20,412
178,135
749,534
12,476
113,795
133,896
166,044
29,805
136,239
33,751
289,572
Not identified ................................................................
23
29
15
2,496
4,843
2,933
2,733
5,501
3,381
Government ....................................................................
Federal ....................................................................
State ........................................................................
Local .......................................................................
208
38
43
127
202
51
35
116
221
52
41
128
52,408
9,372
14,796
28,240
63,372
18,373
9,164
35,835
53,050
12,696
10,498
29,856
40,972
9,972
8,626
22,374
44,596
15,294
6,301
23,001
46,727
12,796
8,838
25,093
218
1,493
180
1,342
917
1,360
59,662
325,243
41,851
303,953
183,140
304,875
41,046
236,905
36,198
227,333
190,644
230,579
Selected industry groupings2
High-technology-intensive industries………………………
Food production, processing, and distribution……………
1
2
Data on layoffs were reported by employers in all States and the District of Columbia.
See appendix B for descriptions of these industry groupings.
37
Table A-2. Extended mass layoff events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment insurance directly and
indirectly related to the September 11 terrorist attacks, 2001
Industry
Layoff events
1
Initial claimants for
unemployment insurance
Separations
Total ...........................................................................
417
118,826
113,807
Total private ......................................................................
415
118,426
113,561
415
55
–
118,426
16,827
–
113,561
17,671
5
124
32
9
190
101,599
–
552
54,193
7,114
1,275
38,465
95,890
–
601
43,020
5,694
1,358
45,217
2
400
246
Agriculture ..........................................................................
Nonagriculture .....................................................................
Manufacturing ..................................................................
–
Nonmanufacturing ...........................................................
Mining ...........................................................................
Construction ..................................................................
Transportation and public utilities ..................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..............................
Services .........................................................................
360
–
Government ……………………………………………………
1
See footnote 1, table A-1.
3
Layoffs directly related to September 11 encompass those that
occurred in the affected local economies. Layoffs indirectly related to
September 11 involve those outside of the directly-impacted areas.
For indirectly-related layoffs, the primary reason for layoff is attributed to
something other than non-natural disaster.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
A-3. Average number of separations in extended mass layoff events by industry, 1996–2001
Average number of separations
Industry
1996
1
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total .........................................................................
208
202
Total private .........................................................................
206
199
207
201
204
209
Agriculture ........................................................................
Nonagriculture ...................................................................
Manufacturing ................................................................
Durable goods ............................................................
Nondurable goods ......................................................
257
200
183
191
176
172
203
190
187
191
226
205
231
275
181
212
199
205
204
207
227
200
200
205
193
225
207
191
195
185
Nonmanufacturing .........................................................
Mining .........................................................................
Construction ................................................................
Transportation and public utilities ................................
Wholesale and retail trade ...........................................
Wholesale trade ......................................................
Retail trade ..............................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ............................
Services .......................................................................
211
132
143
204
262
148
290
234
238
211
167
153
230
242
129
271
190
244
185
151
145
231
198
152
212
210
193
195
181
147
210
257
161
291
196
195
201
129
146
178
262
163
302
257
216
220
215
143
258
250
168
280
197
230
Not identified .....................................................................
156
256
131
109
167
196
Government .........................................................................
235
252
266
252
314
240
1
See footnote 1, table A-1.
38
210
203
208
210
Table A-4. Claimant characteristics by race and ethnicity: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance,
2000–2001
1
Percent of total race/ethnicity
Industry
White
Hispanic
origin
Black
American Indian or
Alaskan Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
Total ...............................................
53.6
55.0
13.9
13.6
24.8
18.5
0.8
0.7
1.8
3.4
Total private ................................................
54.1
55.5
13.0
13.0
25.5
18.7
.5
.6
1.9
3.5
Agriculture ...............................................
Nonagriculture ..........................................
Manufacturing .......................................
4.4
61.8
63.1
5.2
59.5
61.6
2.4
14.7
12.9
2.2
13.9
12.6
85.9
16.1
16.2
85.7
13.4
12.3
.1
.6
.6
.1
.6
.6
1.1
2.0
2.7
.9
3.7
4.2
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Mining ................................................
Construction .......................................
Transportation and public utilities .......
Wholesale and retail trade .................
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade .....................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Services ..............................................
60.9
85.4
77.9
64.1
57.9
48.0
60.2
51.9
51.1
57.6
86.3
79.3
58.8
55.7
51.9
56.5
46.9
49.7
16.0
3.8
6.3
17.8
16.8
9.9
18.4
22.3
20.7
15.0
3.6
5.8
17.6
15.7
9.9
17.0
20.1
16.9
16.1
4.7
12.3
9.9
17.7
34.0
14.0
13.1
20.2
14.5
4.4
9.3
9.4
17.1
22.7
15.9
10.4
18.3
.6
1.4
.6
.6
.8
.6
.8
.5
.5
.6
1.3
.8
.4
.7
.6
.7
.4
.6
1.5
.5
.5
1.2
1.7
3.6
1.2
3.2
1.9
3.2
.2
.7
3.0
2.6
4.5
2.1
3.6
4.7
Not identified ...........................................
66.8
47.3
18.5
24.8
5.6
8.3
1.0
.3
2.1
2.1
Government ................................................
42.4
39.9
32.4
31.6
10.6
9.9
6.9
5.4
.9
1.2
2
1
Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting.
2
See footnote 1, table A-1.
Table A-5. Claimant characteristics by age and gender: Percent of initial claimants for unemployment insurance, 2000–2001
Percent of total by age1
Industry
Under than 30 years
30 to 44 years
Percent of total by gender1
45 to 54 years
55 or older
Men
Women
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
2000
2001
Total ..............................................
20.6
20.2
41.1
40.7
23.4
24.0
13.2
13.2
57.5
56.9
42.0
42.3
Total private ..............................................
20.7
20.2
41.2
40.7
23.4
24.1
13.1
13.1
58.5
57.5
41.1
41.7
Agriculture ..............................................
Nonagriculture .........................................
Manufacturing .....................................
24.1
20.1
16.4
23.5
19.9
16.1
45.3
40.5
40.4
44.9
40.4
40.3
19.1
24.1
27.1
19.6
24.4
27.5
11.2
13.4
13.9
11.6
13.2
13.8
66.2
57.2
60.0
64.9
57.0
60.6
33.6
42.3
39.6
34.9
42.2
38.4
Nonmanufacturing ..............................
Mining ..............................................
Construction ......................................
Transportation and public utilities ....
Wholesale and retail trade ................
Wholesale trade ............................
Retail trade ....................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ..
Services ............................................
23.0
16.1
20.3
15.8
26.3
18.4
28.1
26.7
25.0
23.5
12.1
19.4
20.2
25.6
18.9
27.0
25.3
25.6
40.6
39.7
44.1
38.7
37.5
43.5
36.2
41.3
40.7
40.5
33.1
43.4
42.1
37.1
43.6
35.6
42.7
40.7
21.6
29.4
23.2
24.1
20.5
24.2
19.7
20.0
20.4
21.6
39.8
24.4
22.5
21.1
23.3
20.6
19.0
19.9
13.0
14.4
11.2
18.5
14.3
12.7
14.6
10.5
12.1
12.7
14.6
11.5
13.6
14.7
12.9
15.1
10.4
11.8
55.1
92.1
92.8
50.4
38.8
56.6
34.8
31.2
43.5
53.6
94.4
92.7
47.4
40.5
54.9
37.3
40.7
48.3
44.4
7.0
6.5
49.1
60.9
43.2
64.8
68.6
55.8
45.8
5.5
6.3
52.2
59.0
44.7
62.2
58.9
50.9
Not identified ..........................................
23.0
25.0
44.2
43.6
22.6
20.5
9.9
9.9
59.8
49.3
40.1
44.7
Government ..............................................
18.9
20.7
39.4
38.8
23.4
22.7
15.0
14.5
37.4
36.1
62.0
63.4
2
1
Characteristic totals may not add to 100.0 percent due to some nonreporting.
2
See footnote 1, table A-1.
39
Table A-6. Claimants for unemployment insurance associated with extended mass layoff events by industry, 2001
Final payments for
1
Continued claims without earnings
Initial claims for
unemployment
insurance
Industry
2
1
unemployment insurance
Average number
filed per initial
claimant
Number
Percentage of
initial claimants
receiving final
payments
Number
Total ……………………………………………………
1,609,705
3,415,531
2.1
241,356
15.0
Total private ......................................................................
1,562,978
3,318,137
2.1
233,002
14.9
Agriculture ......................................................................
Nonagriculture .................................................................
Manufacturing ..............................................................
115,190
1,444,407
694,873
288,858
3,020,133
1,455,620
2.5
2.1
2.1
24,086
208,154
109,645
20.9
14.4
15.8
749,534
12,476
113,795
133,896
166,044
29,805
136,239
33,751
289,572
1,564,513
25,119
200,435
311,022
355,333
79,444
275,889
95,867
576,737
2.1
2.0
1.8
2.3
2.1
2.7
2.0
2.8
2.0
98,509
1,291
8,996
13,366
26,519
6,043
20,476
6,775
41,562
13.1
10.3
7.9
10.0
16.0
20.3
15.0
20.1
14.4
Not identified ..................................................................
3,381
9,146
2.7
762
22.5
Government ......................................................................
46,727
97,394
2.1
8,354
17.9
Nonmanufacturing .......................................................
Mining .......................................................................
Construction ..............................................................
Transportation and public utilities .............................
Wholesale and retail trade ........................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ............................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate……………………
Services ....................................................................
1
The MLS program tracks continued claim activity for initial claimants
associated with extended mass layoffs once a month during the Current
Population Survey (CPS) reference week, which is usually the week including the 12th day of the month. Continued claims with earnings are excluded
because such individuals are classified as employed in the CPS. Final
payment information for MLS claimants is collected weekly. See appendix B
for additional information.
2
See footnote 1, table A-1.
Table A-7. Distribution of extended mass layoff events with expected recall, 1996–2001
Percent of layoff events
Industry
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Total …………………………………….………
60.5
65.8
60.2
59.9
60.7
44.6
Total private .............................................................
60.7
65.4
60.0
59.6
60.6
44.0
Agriculture ............................................................
Nonagriculture .......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
92.8
56.3
55.5
95.5
60.5
58.2
93.2
55.0
55.8
92.6
52.9
47.3
91.6
54.9
48.5
93.1
38.7
33.4
Nonmanufacturing .............................................
Mining .............................................................
Construction ....................................................
Transportation and public utilities ...................
Wholesale and retail trade ...............................
Wholesale trade ..........................................
Retail trade ..................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate……………
Services ...........................................................
56.9
38.8
70.0
57.2
41.3
45.1
40.3
12.9
64.1
62.0
57.4
73.2
68.3
45.4
52.1
43.7
16.1
65.7
54.4
42.7
69.0
62.6
45.7
51.6
43.9
9.0
52.4
56.5
34.1
72.7
65.4
44.4
43.8
44.6
11.7
55.5
59.2
62.5
81.3
62.4
40.8
38.8
41.7
12.2
56.7
43.1
62.3
72.6
37.6
29.7
23.1
32.2
6.9
41.7
Not identified .........................................................
57.1
70.0
14.3
34.8
31.0
46.7
Government .............................................................
57.1
73.0
64.1
68.3
63.9
65.6
1
1
See footnote 1, table A-1.
40
Table A-8. Number of extended mass layoff events and separations from which
the employer does not expect a recall, 2001
Industry
Layoff events
1
Separations
Total ………………………………………………
3,453
789,407
Total private ...............................................................
3,415
782,972
Agriculture ...............................................................
Nonagriculture ..........................................................
Manufacturing .......................................................
28
3,383
1,723
6,122
775,424
365,971
1,660
17
105
289
486
146
340
175
588
409,453
3,618
14,694
72,379
126,053
26,009
100,044
34,752
157,957
Not identified ...........................................................
4
1,426
Government ...............................................................
38
6,435
Nonmanufacturing ................................................
Mining ................................................................
Construction .......................................................
Transportation and public utilities ......................
Wholesale and retail trade .................................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade .....................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate………………
Services .............................................................
1
See footnote 1, table A-1.
Table A-9. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations by major industry division, 1997–2001
Layoff events
Separations
Industry
1997
1998
1999
2000
Total ................................................
615
683
684
778
Total private ...............................................
606
675
681
Agriculture ...............................................
Nonagriculture ..........................................
Manufacturing ......................................
10
595
315
12
661
343
Nonmanufacturing ................................
Mining ................................................
Construction .......................................
Transportation and public utilities ......
Wholesale and retail trade .................
Wholesale trade .............................
Retail trade .....................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...
Services .............................................
280
13
11
29
141
22
119
24
62
Not identified ...........................................
Government ...............................................
1
1
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
1,253
157,957
154,273
185,298
188,660
379,790
771
1,252
155,148
153,150
184,165
186,791
379,715
10
668
359
15
753
403
11
1,238
657
2,817
151,231
66,677
1,569
151,246
74,972
2,059
181,803
80,185
3,206
183,130
85,644
2,081
376,302
167,734
318
9
14
22
137
34
103
41
95
309
19
13
38
149
31
118
19
71
350
4
6
42
158
43
115
27
113
581
9
18
76
265
59
206
44
169
84,554
2,877
1,664
6,299
48,510
3,361
45,149
5,682
19,522
76,274
1,535
3,389
7,034
35,277
7,081
28,196
9,345
19,694
101,618
5,549
3,396
7,865
59,486
5,122
54,364
4,192
21,130
97,486
488
810
8,584
53,028
9,172
43,856
6,260
28,316
208,568
2,812
1,978
18,184
87,488
14,096
73,392
13,305
84,801
1
2
3
3
3
1,100
335
303
455
1,332
9
8
3
7
1
2,809
1,123
1,133
1,869
75
See footnote 1, table A-1.
41
2001
Table A-10. Permanent worksite closures: Extended mass layoff events and separations, top 50 industries in 2001
Permanent closures
Industry
SIC
2000
Layoff events Separations
2
2001
Rank
1
Layoff events Separations
Rank
1
Total ...................................................
…
778
188,660
…
1,253
379,790
…
Total, top 50 industries ..................................
…
736
182,164
…
1,215
374,435
…
Business services ………………………………
Electronic and other electric equipment ………
General merchandise stores …………………
Textile mill products ……………………………
Primary metal industries ………………………
Apparel and other textile products ……………
Building materials and garden supplies ………
Industrial machinery and equipment …………
Food and kindred products ……………………
Miscellaneous retail ……………………………
Wholesale trade--nondurable goods …………
Paper and allied products ………………………
Food stores ………………………………………
Furniture and fixtures …………………………
Hotels and other lodging places ………………
Communications ………………………………
Furniture and homefurnishings stores ………
73
36
53
22
33
23
52
35
20
59
51
26
54
25
70
48
57
40
27
26
31
12
68
7
30
43
16
25
22
19
14
4
6
22
7,497
6,091
17,989
9,449
4,040
10,278
3,039
9,263
9,325
3,910
6,140
4,489
5,776
2,556
1,970
1,654
9,739
9
11
1
5
16
3
21
7
6
17
10
13
12
23
29
31
4
90
93
58
72
39
82
24
56
41
34
36
34
30
36
14
30
30
61,523
36,902
27,439
18,271
15,948
14,752
13,018
12,932
10,198
9,760
9,224
8,866
7,902
7,844
7,205
7,125
7,082
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
Transportation equipment ……………………
Printing and publishing …………………………
Fabricated metal products ……………………
Engineering and management services ………
Wholesale trade--durable goods ………………
Health services …………………………………
Nondepository institutions ……………………
Apparel and accessory stores …………………
Transportation by air ……………………………
Chemicals and allied products …………………
Lumber and wood products ……………………
Trucking and warehousing ……………………
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ……
Insurance carriers ………………………………
Eating and drinking places ……………………
Real estate ………………………………………
30
37
27
34
87
50
80
61
56
45
28
24
42
39
63
58
65
19
28
11
24
5
18
43
11
14
5
4
23
19
9
11
5
3,077
8,884
1,633
3,870
621
3,032
14,760
2,453
2,264
911
345
4,386
4,101
1,240
3,660
658
3
( )
20
8
32
18
44
22
2
24
26
38
51
14
15
33
19
42
60
25
29
22
38
18
23
19
11
10
7
19
27
14
15
13
15
3
6,988
6,988
6,396
6,239
5,575
4,872
4,608
4,340
4,172
3,979
3,704
3,504
3,048
3,037
3,008
2,829
2,377
18
18
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Leather and leather products …………………
Amusement and recreation services …………
Metal mining ……………………………………
Motion pictures …………………………………
Security and commodity brokers ………………
Transportation services ………………………
Depository institutions …………………………
Special trade contractors ………………………
Nonclassifiable establishments ………………
Stone, clay, and glass products ………………
Agricultural production crops …………………
Local and interurban passenger transit ………
Automotive dealers and service stations ……
Instruments and related products ……………
Coal mining ………………………………………
Water transportation ……………………………
31
79
10
78
62
47
60
17
99
32
01
41
55
38
12
44
13
4
2,422
575
3
( )
1,047
–
3
( )
–
629
1,201
1,756
1,035
713
481
2,226
412
3
( )
25
45
57
36
61
50
61
43
34
30
37
40
47
27
48
58
11
7
5
5
6
14
8
11
3
7
6
6
5
7
4
3
2,132
1,978
1,807
1,686
1,646
1,561
1,394
1,382
1,332
1,244
1,214
1,197
1,190
1,111
1,005
901
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1
2
3
( )
3
( )
4
–
3
( )
–
4
4
8
5
5
6
14
3
3
( )
Industries are ranked by the number of separations in 2001.
See footnote 1, table A-1.
3
Data do not meet BLS or State agency disclosure standards.
NOTE: Dash represents zero.
42
Table A-11. Industry distribution: Dislocated worker events, separations, and initial claimants for unemployment
insurance, 2001
Plant closures
Industry
1
Layoff
events
Substantial layoffs
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
Layoff
events
Separations
Initial
claimants
for
unemployment
insurance
Total ...............................................................
1,553
401,755
269,430
1,331
374,001
320,831
Total private ..........................................................
1,552
401,680
269,291
1,322
367,762
318,183
Agriculture ..........................................................
Nonagriculture .....................................................
Manufacturing .................................................
14
1,532
794
2,616
397,605
178,439
1,529
266,905
147,232
24
1,293
618
4,586
362,169
164,217
2,981
314,022
156,958
Nonmanufacturing ..........................................
Mining ..........................................................
Construction ..................................................
Transportation and public utilities ................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................
Wholesale trade ........................................
Retail trade ................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate…………
Services ........................................................
738
11
31
101
321
80
241
49
225
219,166
2,874
2,710
19,849
91,361
14,986
76,375
13,650
88,722
119,673
2,534
1,987
14,997
58,274
8,544
49,730
8,174
33,707
675
21
221
100
83
38
45
18
232
197,952
5,799
37,260
55,096
18,630
7,356
11,274
4,409
76,758
157,064
5,077
31,498
39,986
13,104
5,127
7,977
3,229
64,170
Not identified ......................................................
6
1,459
857
5
1,007
1,180
Government ..........................................................
1
75
139
9
6,239
2,648
1
See footnote 1, table A-1.
43
Appendix B: Technical Note
T
he Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a Federal-State program that uses a standardized, automated
approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the
effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each State’s
unemployment insurance (UI) database. Establishments that
have at least 50 initial claims for unemployment insurance
filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period are
contacted by the State agency in charge of the UI program to
determine whether these separations are of at least 31 days
duration, and, if so, information is obtained on the total number of persons separated and the reasons for these separations. Establishments are identified according to industry
classification and location, and unemployment insurance
claimants are identified by such demographic factors as age,
race, gender, ethnic group, and place of residence. The MLS
program yields information on an individual’s entire spell of
unemployment, to the point at which regular unemployment
insurance benefits are exhausted.
The MLS program resumed in April 1995; it had been
terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. However, because of changes in concepts and definitions, data
from the resumed program are not comparable with earlier
data.
Continued claim. A claim filed after the initial claim, by mail,
telephone, or in person, for waiting-period credit or payment
for a certified week of unemployment. The MLS program
collects continued claims for 1 week each month. That is
generally the calendar week that includes the 12th day of the
month, and is referred to as the Current Population Survey
(CPS) reference week. Because continued claims are not
tracked for all weeks, an exact measure of insured jobless
duration is not available.
Establishment. A unit at a single physical location at which
predominantly one type of economic activity is conducted.
Extended layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits from an establishment during a
5-week period, with at least 50 workers separated for more
than 30 days.
Final payment recipients. Persons who have exhausted all
of their unemployment insurance benefits and are no longer
eligible for any further benefits.
Food production, processing, and distribution (NAICS).
Industries that are involved in the production and distribution of food. These NAICS-based industries include oilseed
and grain farming; vegetable and melon farming; fruit and
tree nut farming; food crops grown under cover; sugarcane
farming; hay farming; all other crop farming; cattle ranching
and farming; hog and pig farming; poultry and egg production; sheep and goat farming; animal aquaculture; apiculture; all other animal production; fishing, hunting, and trapping; soil preparation, planting, and cultivating; crop
harvesting, primarily by machine; other postharvest crop
activities; farm labor contractors and crew leaders; farm management services; support activities for animal production;
food manufacturing; beverage manufacturing; grocery and
related product wholesalers; farm product raw material merchant wholesalers.; alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers; farm supplies merchant wholesalers; food and beverage
stores; food (health) supplement stores; refrigerated warehousing and storage; farm product warehousing and storage; veterinary services; and food services and drinking
places.
Definitions
Clothing manufacturing and distribution. Industries involved in the production and distribution of clothing. These
NAICS-based industries include cotton farming; cotton ginning; textile mills; apparel manufacturing; footwear manufacturing; apparel and piece goods merchant wholesalers;
clothing stores; shoe stores; department stores; and formal
wear and costume rental.
Computer manufacturing and distribution, including semiconductors. Industries involved in the production and distribution of computers, including semiconductor manufacturing. These NAICS-based industries include semiconductor machinery manufacturing; computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing; communications equipment manufacturing; audio and video equipment manufacturing; semiconductor and electronic component manufacturing;
software reproducing; computer and software merchant
wholesalers; computer and software stores; software publishers; computer systems design and related services; computer training; and computer and office machine repair.
Food production, processing, and distribution (SIC). Industries that are involved in the production and distribution
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sequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or
period of eligibility.
of food. These SIC-based industries include agricultural
production–crops; agricultural production–livestock; soil
preparation services; crop services; veterinary services; animal services, except veterinary services; farm labor and management services; fishing, hunting, and trapping; food and
kindred products; agricultural chemicals; groceries and related products; farm-product raw materials; beer, wine, and
distilled beverages; food stores; and eating and drinking
places.
Layoff. The separation of persons from an employer as part
of a mass layoff event. (See below.) Such layoffs involve
both persons who are subject to recall and those who are
terminated.
Mass layoff. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment
insurance benefits from an establishment beginning in a given
month, regardless of duration.
High-technology-intensive industries (SIC). Industries that
have been identified as having at least 15 research and development workers per thousand workers and 190 technology-oriented workers per thousand workers. SIC-based industries meeting these criteria include industrial inorganic
chemicals; industrial organic chemicals; drugs; computer and
office equipment; communications equipment; electronic
components and accessories; aircraft and parts; guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts; search and navigation equipment; measuring and controlling devices; computer and data
processing services; and research and testing services.
Worksite closure. The full closure of either multiunit or singleunit establishments or the partial closure of a multiunit establishment at which entire worksites affected by layoffs are
closed or planned to be closed.
Material in this report is in the public domain and, with
appropriate credit, may be used may used without permission. The information in this report is available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 6917828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. E-mail address:
[email protected].
Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of
entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a sub-
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