TABLE 12. U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2010
(Millions of current dollars)
Performer:
Federal
Funding
State
source:
U.S. totalg
States totalg
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
All R&D
FedR&D rank
eral
407,703
na 31,970
377,369
na 29,779
3,748
24 1,410
355
49
89
5,481
15
372
596
43
26
81,035
1 2,747
6,171
21
283
7,458
12
23
2,329
33
6
3,568
8,002
5,454
691
1,783
15,822
6,340
2,766
2,004
1,499
1,206
489
18,431
20,658
14,704
7,394
856
9,261
392
936
940
2,159
17,880
6,225
17,243
8,765
469
10,050
1,029
5,264
19
17
22
44
34
10
18
30
32
35
37
46
6
4
8
16
41
26
48
39
40
29
2
20
7
14
47
13
38
25
2,551
709
154
97
50
204
165
64
21
24
53
18
9,896
835
480
61
164
26
29
34
50
26
766
550
260
404
27
898
112
110
Business
Paid by others
None
Own federal Federal
FFRDCs
Total
17,722
18,031
0
0
57
0
4,293
547
0
0
6
0
0
0
478
1,053
0
31
0
0
0
0
694
1,252
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
84
4,663
536
0
0
0
0
0
NonFederal federald
NA
NA
17,578
453
0
0
0
0
53
4
0
0
4,155
138
505
42
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
464
1,006
0
30
0
0
0
0
694
1,248
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
84 *
4,577
515
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
47
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
86
20
0
0
0
0
0
Total
278,977 221,706
261,016 205,336
1,449
628
74
D
4,054
2,841
276
245
64,914 53,327
3,899
3,270
6,498
5,482
2,144
D
235
5,127
3,644
257
1,120
12,221
4,985
1,950
1,492
889
428
251
4,384
14,020
12,144
6,246
243
8,106
145
527
709
1,818
15,925
546
10,954
5,749
236
6,857
478
4,396
84
3,045
2,931
173
810
11,500
4,219
1,516
1,039
820
340
228
2,538
11,139
10,750
5,677
170
D
123
491
646
841
13,916
231
8,126
4,688
211
5,134
422
4,188
23,072 34,199
18,583 24,717
72
749
D
D
246
967
19
12
3,987 7,600
219
410
429
587
D
D
28
313
283
47
296
483
580
D
406
48
39
9
600
1,804
1,017
255
13
D
15
22
22
D
1,750
48
694
849
18
561
37
144
123
1,770
429
37
13
237
186
D
47
21
49
14
1,247
1,077
377
314
61
D
7
15
41
D
259
267
2,134
211
7
1,162
19
64
Federal
Total
60,369 36,565
61,028 37,358
847
541
181
111
945
495
268
126
7,833 4,766
1,180
893
889
620
169
116
470
1,995
1,627
318
126
2,224
1,186
707
483
575
714
138
3,139
2,750
2,031
832
444
1,087
208
368
174
311
1,076
423
4,951
2,465
204
2,052
401
696
308
1,103
985
209
76
1,427
530
398
232
283
333
66
2,423
2,010
1,178
443
268
684
140
195
119
204
602
290
2,971
1,481
105
1,250
176
503
U&Ca
Other
government
3,788
3,849
42
10
61
61
378
46
20
7
12
194
53
24
23
56
68
51
53
55
109
22
63
24
62
70
76
28
8
16
9
7
103
25
324
148
44
165
54
41
Other
nonprofit
institutions
internalb
State,
R&D intensityc
3,145
3,200
33
6
32
11
492
65
29
6
U&C
12,100
11,845
197
49
274
55
1,168
102
147
36
Nonprofit
4,771
4,776
34
5
83
14
1,028
75
73
4
Federalf
7,093
7,099
32
4
45
21
1,217
256
25
9
Total
NA
416
10
8
8
5
30
7
23
2
GDP
14,498,900
14,416,604
170,219
47,713
249,824
102,235
1,877,568
253,101
221,347
64,010
11
80
85
24
3
80
57
31
34
19
39
4
97
185
61
30
11
55
1
16
2
19
41
14
264
323
12
166
29
23
84
520
411
45
22
504
404
196
141
187
193
38
380
240
626
195
77
223
47
103
40
56
249
81
953
346
37
364
124
75
55
97
94
16
3
156
127
30
23
31
40
7
176
291
105
94
11
97
12
39
4
25
81
13
439
166
5
107
18
54
305
121
25
16
4
117
2
14
6
10
5
81
315
1,801
46
254
1
33
8
6
6
4
26
43
440
128
1
241
39
48
*
51
3
3
5
2
1
1
1
2
7
2
2
1
2
2
4
8
2
*
*
1
3
1
102
19
1
2
*
14
103,546
736,065
403,230
65,599
56,038
646,794
267,277
140,945
126,074
159,350
232,394
50,674
293,349
377,846
368,371
270,792
95,480
243,386
36,540
90,072
126,188
61,636
480,446
77,095
1,128,823
424,562
35,654
466,930
147,587
185,211
Business
GDP
rank Percent Rank
na
2.81
na
na
2.62
na
25
2.20
12
45
0.74
50
18
2.19
15
34
0.58
45
1
4.32
9
19
2.44
21
23
3.37
5
42
3.64
14
35
4
10
39
43
5
16
30
32
28
24
44
15
13
12
17
36
22
49
37
31
41
7
38
3
9
50
8
29
26
3.45
1.09
1.35
1.05
3.18
2.45
2.37
1.96
1.59
0.94
0.52
0.97
6.28
5.47
3.99
2.73
0.90
3.81
1.07
1.04
0.74
3.50
3.72
8.08
1.53
2.06
1.31
2.15
0.70
2.84
2
43
36
41
18
27
20
33
30
42
49
40
3
4
10
17
44
31
39
38
46
8
7
1
34
25
29
24
47
13
TABLE 12. U.S. R&D expenditures, by state, performing sector, and funding sector: 2010
(Millions of current dollars)
Performer:
Federal
FFRDCs
Business
Paid by others
None
Own federal Federal
NonFedAll R&D
FedFederal
Total
R&D rank
eral
eral federald
Total
Total
13,079
9
292
99
97
3
9,246
8,412
538
296
3,128 2,187
1,439
36
384
0
0
0
531
448
42
40
429
192
2,417
31
220
127
127
0
1,316
944
264
109
660
346
271
50
10
0
0
0
120
99
13
8
131
84
3,955
27
138
1,538
1,495
44
1,244
1,113
88
43
938
642
19,506
3
488
15
15
*
14,384 11,850
1,193 1,342
4,416 2,238
3,207
28
567
0
0
0
2,066
1,419
D
D
562
340
453
45
6
0
0
0
313
278
16
19
133
101
10,845
11 3,406
1,440
1,415
24
4,655
2,340
292 2,023
1,199
726
16,695
5
264
1,117
1,092
25
13,545 13,022
319
204
1,358
960
591
42
137
0
0
0
240
191
12
38
195
110
5,351
23
65
0
0
0
3,927
3,399
449
79
1,336
723
108
51
8
0
0
0
39
32
4
3
55
45
na
0
0
0
0
17,960 12,534
3,063 2,363
0
0
U.S. undistributedh 17,960
NA
na
6
13
13
*
NA
NA
NA
NA
125
84
Puerto Ricoi
227
na
189
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
38
33
Otherj
* = amount < $0.5 million; na = not applicable; NA = not available; D = data withheld to avoid disclosing operations of individual companies.
Funding
State
source:
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
U&Ca
Other
governBusiness
ment
144
157
8
6
8
42
19
2
65
31
623
262
30
27
*
2
116
46
82
102
14
5
124
26
4
2
0
0
2
5
2
*
NonU&C profit
479 162
199
23
238
27
20
5
158
43
869 425
137
28
23
6
241
70
162
52
63
3
265 197
3
1
0
0
31
3
*
2
Other
nonprofit
institutions
internalb
Federalf
308
95
61
8
96
200
2
*
138
401
12
18
2
0
*
*
Total
5
*
33
1
0
3
10
1
7
10
7
5
4
0
*
na
State,
R&D intensityc
GDP
558,918
48,840
160,374
38,215
256,194
1,222,904
119,231
25,264
419,365
339,829
61,934
245,720
35,845
0
96,260
na
GDP
rank Percent Rank
6
2.34
19
46
2.95
16
27
1.51
35
48
0.71
48
20
1.54
32
2
1.60
28
33
2.69
22
51
1.79
23
11
2.59
11
14
4.91
6
40
0.95
37
21
2.18
26
47
0.30
51
na
na
na
na
NA
na
na
na
na
FFRDC = federally funded research and development center; GDP = gross domestic product; U&C = universities and colleges.
a State-level university R&D data have not been adjusted to eliminate double counting of funds passed through from one academic institution to another. At the national level, funds passed through to educational subrecipients account for
4.5% of total R&D expenditures reported by universities and colleges in FY 2010.
b Internal performers include state agency and department employees, and services performed by others in support of an internal R&D project.
c R&D intensity is ratio of total R&D performed in a state to its state GDP.
d Nonfederal sources of R&D expenditures reported by FFRDCs in FY 2010 included state and local governments ($53 million), business ($167 million), nonprofit organizations ($44 million), and all other sources ($190 million).
e R&D paid for by nonfederal sources includes funding from other companies located inside ($11.0 billion) or outside ($11.0 billion) the United States, U.S. state government agencies ($156 million), foreign government agencies and
laboratories ($37 million), other organizations located inside ($779 million) or outside ($74 million) the United States.
f Other sources of support for nonprofit institutions were unavailable by state. In 2010, total nonprofit performance is estimated at $18.4 billion. Business provided an estimated $1.3 billion to the nonprofit sector, and nonprofit institutions
provided an estimated $10.0 billion.
g States totals differ from U.S. totals for several reasons: (a) some R&D expenditures cannot be allocated to 1 of 50 states or the District of Columbia, (b) nonfederal sources of other nonprofit R&D expenditures could not be allocated by
state, (c) state-level U&C data have not been adjusted to eliminate double counting of funds passed through from one academic institution to another, and (d) state-level R&D data are not converted from fiscal years to calendar years.
h Reported data that could not be assigned to 1 of the 50 states or the District of Columbia.
i Data on business R&D performance in Puerto Rico are not collected.
j Includes R&D expenditures reported for outlying areas (Guam, Virgin Islands) and offices abroad, but excluding Puerto Rico.
NOTES: Some of the data in this table are revised from the previous version published in January 2013. Industry R&D data refer to calendar years; other R&D data refer to fiscal years but are used here as approximations to calendar year
data.
SOURCES: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NSF/NCSES), National Patterns of R&D Resources (annual series), Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey, Higher
Education R&D Survey, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development, Survey of State Government R&D. State GDP data are from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, http://www.bea.gov, accessed 27 November 2012.