TABLE 3. Doctorates awarded to women, by field of study: 2000–10
Field
2000
All fields
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
18,133 17,888 18,141 18,509 19,154 19,582 20,560 21,901 22,494 23,186 22,505
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Agronomy and crop science
Animal breeding, animal nutrition, poultry science
Animal science, other
Dairy scienceb
Environmental science
Fishing and fisheries sciences/management
Food science, food technology-other
Forest biology, forest management, wood
science, forestry sciences-other
9,394
8,556
317
14
15
26
0
43
11
68
9,298
8,369
340
21
15
19
0
47
9
73
9,174
8,280
319
19
24
22
2
41
13
60
9,522
8,611
374
14
22
33
8
56
12
85
28
9,856 10,539 11,477 12,277 12,972 13,596 13,548
8,835 9,357 10,025 10,672 11,279 11,963 11,805
399
376
412
456
460
504
450
12
14
17
21
16
23
25
22
23
23
36
23
23
21
26
30
25
30
35
31
30
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
63
52
60
66
96
111
79
12
9
13
15
14
21
14
84
67
81
84
73
73
85
Percenta
2000 2010
43.8
46.8
36.2
41.4
30.6
20.3
19.7
35.6
0.0
45.3
25.6
44.7
40.9
46.1
45.7
36.2
39.6
55.6
na
50.3
41.2
62.0
31
27
29
32
29
38
39
37
46
29
28.0
32.6
Forest engineeringb
Horticulture science, plant breeding, plant
pathology, plant sciences-other
0
0
0
0
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
0.0
na
61
49
58
59
65
73
84
82
77
89
79
28.4
44.4
Natural resources/conservation
Soil chemistry, soil sciences-other
Wildlife/range management
Agriculture-general, agricultural sciences-other
5
23
11
12
18
30
15
13
12
24
9
8
14
23
12
7
26
27
15
15
25
29
13
12
26
27
13
5
30
30
13
10
38
29
15
7
42
28
11
6
41
24
20
3
26.3
25.6
19.6
32.4
46.6
40.7
41.7
16.7
2,622
78
14
325
na
68
41
49
76
na
155
na
116
53
37
58
na
131
116
189
320
195
126
123
99
na
na
55
82
116
2,549
65
20
310
na
81
47
47
64
na
148
na
128
63
31
62
na
121
122
180
323
201
99
115
90
na
na
40
86
106
2,547
42
13
294
na
110
47
34
73
na
160
na
134
69
33
65
na
137
146
177
272
203
107
113
84
na
na
47
96
91
2,605
82
8
320
na
88
49
53
62
na
146
na
142
59
31
63
na
141
121
159
289
203
102
126
87
na
na
56
84
134
2,758
75
15
296
na
96
50
47
87
na
127
na
161
57
31
47
na
140
167
198
362
260
102
147
86
na
na
35
85
87
3,106
94
17
276
na
138
63
59
74
na
152
na
193
61
40
54
na
164
170
225
361
322
126
173
99
na
na
50
95
100
3,271
85
22
348
na
144
57
62
84
na
171
na
183
52
33
50
na
183
212
256
397
347
120
167
103
na
na
35
85
75
3,529
97
17
372
21
145
76
55
84
57
193
na
211
70
31
64
20
237
203
274
367
333
127
160
122
na
na
30
105
58
3,934
110
25
421
36
130
79
61
80
164
181
na
223
70
49
68
80
211
219
307
444
421
143
140
118
na
na
34
62
58
4,184
99
23
403
53
150
57
67
69
153
173
na
237
75
56
69
103
230
250
328
435
513
130
184
138
na
na
44
89
56
4,220
129
36
406
37
163
78
49
66
176
195
17
213
53
51
82
95
228
243
276
401
509
133
159
127
25
71
37
102
63
44.8
51.7
41.2
41.9
na
43.9
44.6
29.9
48.7
na
46.0
na
39.1
42.1
27.0
47.2
na
50.0
48.5
49.5
45.3
39.4
84.0
46.1
41.1
na
na
41.4
41.2
50.2
52.4
59.4
60.0
46.9
30.3
56.6
61.4
28.5
42.0
58.7
54.0
24.6
49.4
52.0
41.5
59.4
44.4
52.8
53.9
56.3
57.2
53.4
73.9
54.8
49.2
47.2
52.6
51.4
54.8
60.0
196
33
9
198
28
6
212
31
5
213
39
10
238
46
21
244
52
13
266
46
12
333
63
18
316
54
18
338
50
12
367
64
24
28.2
23.1
17.6
42.5
37.4
40.0
24
22
26
29
25
39
34
45
36
38
40
26.1
36.0
Biological sciences
Anatomy, developmental biology
Bacteriology, parasitology
Biochemistry
Bioinformaticsc
Biomedical sciences
Biometrics and biostatistics
Biophysics
Botany, plant pathology, plant physiology
Cancer biologyc
Cell/cellular biology and histology
Computational biologyd
Ecology
Endocrinology, human/animal pathology
Entomology
Environmental toxicology, toxicologye
Evolutionary biologyc
Genetics-human/animal, plant genetics
Immunology
Microbiology
Molecular biology
Neurosciences
Nutrition sciences
Pharmacology, human and animal
Physiology, human and animal
Structural biologyd
Virologyd
Zoology
Biology/biomedical sciences, general
Biotechnology, biology/biomedical sciences-other
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Atmospheric sciences
Atmospheric physics, meteorology
Atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric sciencesgeneral, atmospheric sciences-other
TABLE 3. Doctorates awarded to women, by field of study: 2000–10
Field
Earth and ocean sciences
Geochemistry, mineralogy
Geology
Geophysics and seismology
Marine sciences
Ocean/marine sciences, aggregated
Oceanography, chemical and physical
Paleontology, stratigraphy
Geomorphology, geological sciences-general,
geological sciences-other
Mathematics/computer sciences
Computer sciences
Computer science
Information science and systems
Roboticsd
Computer and information science, otherf
Mathematics
Algebra
Analysis and functional analysis
Applied mathematics, computing theory
Geometry/geometric analysis
Logic, topology/foundations
Number theory
Statistics
Operations research, mathematics/statisticsgeneral, mathematics/statistics-other
Physical sciences
Astronomy
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Astronomy, otherd
Chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Medicinal/pharmaceutical chemistryg
Nuclear chemistryb
Organic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Polymer chemistry
Theoretical chemistry
Chemistry, general
Chemistry, other
Physics
Acoustics, optics/photonics
Applied physicsh
Atomic physics, polymer physics
Biophysicsh
Condensed matter/low temperature physics
Fluids physicsb
Medical physics/radiological scienced
Nuclear physics
Particle (elementary) physics
Plasma/fusion physics
Physics, general
Physics, other
Percenta
2000 2010
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
163
14
28
16
18
24
29
18
170
15
38
22
15
23
31
7
181
26
30
25
17
19
33
8
174
21
38
17
21
15
38
9
192
22
25
26
29
23
20
17
192
24
33
26
25
15
32
13
220
32
40
24
25
18
25
19
270
32
56
31
42
16
40
17
262
40
43
43
40
24
33
11
288
43
47
38
40
22
37
15
303
52
42
30
48
25
36
19
29.6
25.5
22.8
22.9
50.0
33.3
29.3
40.9
43.7
59.1
33.1
32.3
60.8
39.7
41.4
38.0
16
19
23
15
30
24
37
36
28
46
51
30.8
48.1
401
142
104
38
na
na
431
155
111
27
na
17
432
167
125
26
na
16
441
177
121
24
na
32
504
199
137
42
na
20
547
221
156
36
na
29
704
311
218
50
na
43
734
332
262
43
na
27
833
400
299
67
na
34
832
349
265
49
na
35
820
353
233
70
5
45
21.0
16.5
14.4
27.7
na
na
25.2
21.2
17.2
44.6
16.1
37.5
259
21
15
61
8
12
5
71
276
20
20
58
7
21
8
63
265
15
20
65
12
15
5
61
264
23
15
56
10
18
7
69
305
28
28
64
29
21
5
78
326
25
25
87
13
19
9
108
393
24
26
95
16
21
13
133
402
33
28
94
18
22
14
147
433
37
22
119
22
20
9
141
483
35
35
118
15
27
16
151
467
31
39
122
15
28
11
134
24.7
25.6
18.5
23.9
13.6
17.4
12.5
36.4
29.4
20.7
27.7
29.3
14.3
26.4
15.5
41.0
66
79
72
66
52
40
65
46
63
86
87
24.5
31.9
827
40
24
16
na
830
41
21
20
na
848
27
12
15
na
891
40
18
22
na
864
46
24
22
na
971
49
26
23
na
1,094
56
24
32
na
1,175
59
31
28
na
1,124
62
31
31
na
1,280
84
39
45
na
1,271
89
45
41
3
24.5
21.6
30.8
15.0
0.0
30.3
33.5
43.7
26.6
33.3
624
121
64
51
3
140
76
31
12
81
45
628
123
90
45
0
132
92
33
6
73
34
645
114
86
39
3
142
103
35
17
61
45
656
137
96
42
2
146
84
25
12
72
40
635
119
80
48
na
142
81
40
16
58
51
723
178
84
49
na
155
87
30
12
67
61
810
167
108
54
na
174
113
32
25
69
68
832
182
85
na
na
199
109
42
24
120
71
767
158
101
na
na
185
114
24
24
93
68
895
172
117
na
na
219
111
37
23
112
104
863
176
120
na
na
172
115
52
26
112
90
31.4
37.1
29.0
47.7
33.3
26.7
28.0
29.0
23.1
31.0
40.9
37.4
43.8
40.7
na
na
28.7
32.0
41.3
30.2
41.5
53.6
163
17
na
27
na
42
0
na
9
15
0
31
22
161
15
na
12
na
32
1
na
13
9
3
24
52
176
20
na
17
na
48
2
na
18
27
3
21
20
195
28
na
15
na
48
0
na
10
15
1
28
50
183
22
7
12
8
41
na
na
12
20
4
28
29
199
31
17
21
18
41
na
na
4
21
10
16
20
228
21
20
20
22
48
na
na
14
28
7
25
23
284
28
20
36
33
60
na
na
13
33
5
30
26
295
27
32
24
30
63
na
na
12
33
8
38
28
301
34
24
29
28
56
na
na
14
38
13
41
24
319
35
33
23
32
61
na
20
11
26
8
47
23
13.5
13.4
na
20.6
na
15.1
0.0
0.0
12.2
10.2
0.0
13.8
12.6
19.6
21.7
23.1
18.5
25.8
16.1
na
32.8
12.9
13.3
16.0
21.8
25.6
TABLE 3. Doctorates awarded to women, by field of study: 2000–10
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Percenta
2000 2010
Psychometricsb
School psychology
Social psychology
Psychology, general
Psychology, aggregated
2,409
992
65
312
163
63
59
29
103
113
56
5
78
135
133
103
2,270
869
76
329
161
31
72
22
97
106
46
2
82
107
152
118
2,137
854
67
322
143
38
63
35
95
85
51
2
67
105
84
126
2,234
851
70
312
144
42
65
42
111
88
42
4
72
130
139
122
2,246
869
76
351
159
54
45
19
93
84
49
na
73
109
126
139
2,263
840
70
317
189
57
69
13
128
113
43
na
82
115
118
109
2,320
847
102
274
165
39
75
16
146
105
65
na
100
115
138
133
2,332
876
93
290
170
46
77
32
96
121
57
na
101
126
136
111
2,357
835
95
306
169
56
74
29
95
135
48
na
114
138
121
142
2,481
915
93
318
157
57
89
22
115
120
55
na
92
144
144
160
2,387
870
128
296
154
53
71
32
113
120
51
na
88
128
119
164
66.6
73.3
46.4
65.7
80.3
64.9
44.4
53.7
70.1
60.1
62.9
38.5
78.8
65.2
56.1
57.2
69.8
75.5
58.2
72.4
80.6
75.7
50.0
72.7
77.9
58.0
62.2
na
82.2
61.0
64.7
63.6
Social sciences
Economics
Agricultural economics
Econometrics, economics
1,784
293
38
255
1,751
306
46
260
1,785
281
31
250
1,853
303
41
262
1,826
314
29
285
1,850
355
37
318
1,958
346
36
310
2,113
378
60
318
2,255
413
39
374
2,344
438
55
383
2,290
410
41
369
42.9
27.0
27.5
26.9
47.6
34.5
34.7
34.4
Political science
International relations/affairs
Political science and government
Public administration
Public policy analysis
364
26
235
42
61
330
31
214
41
44
394
34
252
36
72
398
28
251
49
70
346
39
196
46
65
409
40
245
46
78
410
61
220
46
83
463
53
242
56
112
460
40
261
63
96
491
46
272
64
109
516
42
294
62
118
36.9
33.8
35.1
40.8
44.5
42.9
39.3
40.4
49.6
48.6
Sociologyi
367
330
333
352
340
335
363
360
366
399
388
59.5
60.8
Other social sciences
American/U.S. studies
Anthropology
Archaeology
Area/ethnic/cultural/gender studies
Urban/city, community, and regional planningc
Social sciences, general
760
63
252
24
4
na
34
70
17
135
na
20
785
87
244
19
10
na
29
66
8
136
na
20
777
56
290
15
14
na
30
64
12
115
na
17
800
66
288
20
7
na
31
65
23
133
na
11
826
67
293
18
11
na
40
85
12
150
na
20
751
56
256
29
2
na
46
67
16
138
na
21
839
65
269
19
9
na
55
85
25
152
na
26
912
64
316
32
69
23
24
79
24
133
25
21
1,016
75
294
27
84
39
34
106
20
144
61
28
1,016
76
308
34
69
31
41
78
25
167
38
29
976
62
307
31
76
29
22
95
19
140
50
25
51.8
55.8
56.5
66.7
28.6
na
51.5
35.5
40.5
58.7
na
54.1
54.8
54.4
60.3
51.7
67.3
39.2
42.3
42.2
41.3
58.1
47.2
52.1
Demography,i gerontology,d statistics, urban
affairs, social sciences-other
141
166
164
156
130
120
134
102
104
120
120
49.5
61.9
Engineeringj
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical
engineering
838
929
894
911
1,021
1,182
1,452
1,605
1,693
1,633
1,743
15.7
23.1
21
27
24
27
24
29
25
31
28
41
37
9.8
14.7
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications
engineering
131
78
156
82
150
97
141
87
150
86
183
118
216
117
197
165
232
145
216
149
247
170
21.2
16.3
30.1
26.4
157
159
143
147
194
205
250
304
319
260
315
11.8
17.7
35
73
89
45
99
86
68
78
88
55
99
78
43
85
84
41
112
114
67
152
144
78
164
131
79
154
152
66
159
152
55
175
127
19.9
18.1
11.0
25.7
26.1
12.9
254
71
31
10
275
69
33
29
246
69
16
25
277
78
27
39
355
111
30
48
380
111
41
58
481
179
61
59
535
225
58
64
584
285
68
56
590
308
66
43
617
317
62
41
19.6
28.3
18.0
13.2
28.2
38.4
16.6
36.3
Field
Psychology
Clinical psychology
Cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics
Counseling
Developmental and child psychology
Educational psychology
Experimental psychology
Family psychology
Human development and family studies
Industrial and organizational
Physiological/psychobiology psychology
Criminal justice and correctionsc
Criminology
Geography
History, science and technology, and society
Linguistics
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering
Computer engineering
Environmental health engineering
TABLE 3. Doctorates awarded to women, by field of study: 2000–10
Field
Nuclear engineering
Operations research
Structural engineeringd
Systems engineering
Other engineering, aggregated
Non-science and engineering
Education
Health
Humanities
Professional/other/unknown
Percenta
2000 2010
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
9
11
na
6
116
6
17
na
8
113
13
13
na
9
101
12
21
na
8
92
11
11
na
11
133
8
20
na
9
133
11
17
na
15
139
9
18
na
14
147
18
21
na
15
121
10
19
na
11
133
15
22
12
14
134
9.2
21.6
na
17.6
19.0
16.7
26.2
18.2
20.6
23.7
8,739
4,179
1,066
2,593
901
8,590
4,100
989
2,587
914
8,967
4,299
1,126
2,529
1,013
8,987
4,395
1,090
2,518
984
9,298
4,370
1,177
2,596
1,155
9,043
4,152
1,217
2,485
1,189
9,083
3,984
1,289
2,561
1,249
9,624
4,344
1,452
2,390
1,438
9,522
4,402
1,427
2,341
1,352
9,590
4,366
1,467
2,400
1,357
8,957
3,630
1,482
2,459
1,386
56.7
64.9
67.0
49.7
41.7
60.0
68.6
70.2
51.7
50.2
na = not applicable; subfield was not identified separately in questionnaire for that year.
a
Percentages are based on the total number of doctorate recipients, including those who did not report sex.
This subfield was dropped in 2004.
c
This subfield was introduced in 2007.
d
This subfield was introduced in 2010.
e
Environmental toxicology is classified as biological science in 2010 but was classified as health science in years prior to 2010.
f
This subfield was introduced in 2001.
g
This subfield was removed from the Survey of Earned Doctorates taxonomy in 2007. Graduates who indicated this field in 2007 are represented in the counts for
"chemistry, other."
h
This subfield was introduced in 2004.
i
In previous editions of this report, sociology and demography/population studies were reported as constituent fields within the "sociology" group. Beginning 2007 sociology is reported
separately, and demography/population studies is reported in "other social sciences."
b
j
Before 2007, seven major engineering fields and their constituent fine fields were reported in addition to "other engineering." In 2007 each major field was replaced by its largest
constituent field; remaining constituent fine fields are reported in "other engineering."
NOTES: Categories are grouped according to National Science Foundation taxonomy, which is different from the classification listed in questionnaire and summary
reports. That is, the following categories are included in social sciences and not in humanities: American/U.S. studies; history, science and technology, and society;
and archaeology. In addition, public administration is included in social sciences and not in professional fields, agricultural economics is included in social sciences
and not in biological sciences, and agricultural business and management is included in business management/administration and not in agricultural sciences. For
disclosure protection purposes, some fields of degree reported in this table differ from those reported in table 1. Fields awarding relatively few doctorates are
combined with related fields, and the total counts of the "aggregated fields" are reported in this table. See appendix A for a discussion of this disclosure protection
approach.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.