HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population, 1936 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Year
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Agriculture
Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not in
labor
force
Persons 14 years of age and over
1936 ..................................................
1937 ..................................................
1938 ..................................................
1939 ..................................................
1940 ..................................................
1941 ..................................................
1942 ..................................................
1943 ..................................................
1944 ..................................................
1945 ..................................................
1946 ..................................................
1947 ..................................................
(
(
(
(
1)
1)
1)
1)
( 1)
( 1)
98,640
94,640
93,220
94,090
103,070
106,018
53,440
54,000
54,610
55,230
(
(
(
(
1)
1)
1)
1)
44,410
46,300
44,220
45,750
10,000
9,820
9,690
9,610
34,410
36,480
34,530
36,140
9,030
7,700
10,390
9,480
16.9
14.3
19.0
17.2
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
55,640
55,910
56,410
55,540
54,630
53,860
57,520
60,168
( 1)
( 1)
57.2
58.7
58.6
57.2
55.8
56.8
47,520
50,350
53,750
54,470
53,960
52,820
55,250
57,812
9,540
9,100
9,250
9,080
8,950
8,580
8,320
8,256
37,980
41,250
44,500
45,390
45,010
44,240
46,930
49,557
8,120
5,560
2,660
1,070
670
1,040
2,270
2,356
14.6
9.9
4.7
1.9
1.2
1.9
3.9
3.9
( 1)
( 1)
42,230
39,100
38,590
40,230
45,550
45,850
Persons 16 years of age and over
1947 ..................................................
1948 ..................................................
1949 ..................................................
101,827
103,068
103,994
59,350
60,621
61,286
58.3
58.8
58.9
57,038
58,343
57,651
7,890
7,629
7,658
49,148
50,714
49,993
2,311
2,276
3,637
3.9
3.8
5.9
42,477
42,447
42,708
1950 ..................................................
1951 ..................................................
1952 ..................................................
19532 ................................................
1954 ..................................................
1955 ..................................................
1956 ..................................................
1957 ..................................................
1958 ..................................................
1959 ..................................................
104,995
104,621
105,231
107,056
108,321
109,683
110,954
112,265
113,727
115,329
62,208
62,017
62,138
63,015
63,643
65,023
66,552
66,929
67,639
68,369
59.2
59.2
59.0
58.9
58.8
59.3
60.0
59.6
59.5
59.3
58,918
59,961
60,250
61,179
60,109
62,170
63,799
64,071
63,036
64,630
7,160
6,726
6,500
6,260
6,205
6,450
6,283
5,947
5,586
5,565
51,758
53,235
53,749
54,919
53,904
55,722
57,514
58,123
57,450
59,065
3,288
2,055
1,883
1,834
3,532
2,852
2,750
2,859
4,602
3,740
5.3
3.3
3.0
2.9
5.5
4.4
4.1
4.3
6.8
5.5
42,787
42,604
43,093
44,041
44,678
44,660
44,402
45,336
46,088
46,960
19602 ................................................
1961 ..................................................
19622 ................................................
1963 ..................................................
1964 ..................................................
1965 ..................................................
1966 ..................................................
1967 ..................................................
1968 ..................................................
1969 ..................................................
117,245
118,771
120,153
122,416
124,485
126,513
128,058
129,874
132,028
134,335
69,628
70,459
70,614
71,833
73,091
74,455
75,770
77,347
78,737
80,734
59.4
59.3
58.8
58.7
58.7
58.9
59.2
59.6
59.6
60.1
65,778
65,746
66,702
67,762
69,305
71,088
72,895
74,372
75,920
77,902
5,458
5,200
4,944
4,687
4,523
4,361
3,979
3,844
3,817
3,606
60,318
60,546
61,759
63,076
64,782
66,726
68,915
70,527
72,103
74,296
3,852
4,714
3,911
4,070
3,786
3,366
2,875
2,975
2,817
2,832
5.5
6.7
5.5
5.7
5.2
4.5
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.5
47,617
48,312
49,539
50,583
51,394
52,058
52,288
52,527
53,291
53,602
1970 ..................................................
1971 ..................................................
19722 ................................................
19732 ................................................
1974 ..................................................
1975 ..................................................
1976 ..................................................
1977 ..................................................
19782 ................................................
1979 ..................................................
137,085
140,216
144,126
147,096
150,120
153,153
156,150
159,033
161,910
164,863
82,771
84,382
87,034
89,429
91,949
93,775
96,158
99,009
102,251
104,962
60.4
60.2
60.4
60.8
61.3
61.2
61.6
62.3
63.2
63.7
78,678
79,367
82,153
85,064
86,794
85,846
88,752
92,017
96,048
98,824
3,463
3,394
3,484
3,470
3,515
3,408
3,331
3,283
3,387
3,347
75,215
75,972
78,669
81,594
83,279
82,438
85,421
88,734
92,661
95,477
4,093
5,016
4,882
4,365
5,156
7,929
7,406
6,991
6,202
6,137
4.9
5.9
5.6
4.9
5.6
8.5
7.7
7.1
6.1
5.8
54,315
55,834
57,091
57,667
58,171
59,377
59,991
60,025
59,659
59,900
1980 ..................................................
1981 ..................................................
1982 ..................................................
1983 ..................................................
1984 ..................................................
1985 ..................................................
19862 ................................................
1987 ..................................................
1988 ..................................................
1989 ..................................................
167,745
170,130
172,271
174,215
176,383
178,206
180,587
182,753
184,613
186,393
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869
63.8
63.9
64.0
64.0
64.4
64.8
65.3
65.6
65.9
66.5
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342
3,364
3,368
3,401
3,383
3,321
3,179
3,163
3,208
3,169
3,199
95,938
97,030
96,125
97,450
101,685
103,971
106,434
109,232
111,800
114,142
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3
60,806
61,460
62,067
62,665
62,839
62,744
62,752
62,888
62,944
62,523
19902 ................................................
1991 ..................................................
1992 ..................................................
1993 ..................................................
19942 ................................................
1995 ..................................................
1996 ..................................................
19972 ................................................
19982 ................................................
19993 ................................................
189,164
190,925
192,805
194,838
196,814
198,584
200,591
203,133
205,220
207,753
125,840
126,346
128,105
129,200
131,056
132,304
133,943
136,297
137,673
139,368
66.5
66.2
66.4
66.3
66.6
66.6
66.8
67.1
67.1
67.1
118,793
117,718
118,492
120,259
123,060
124,900
126,708
129,558
131,463
133,488
3,223
3,269
3,247
3,115
3,409
3,440
3,443
3,399
3,378
3,281
115,570
114,449
115,245
117,144
119,651
121,460
123,264
126,159
128,085
130,207
7,047
8,628
9,613
8,940
7,996
7,404
7,236
6,739
6,210
5,880
5.6
6.8
7.5
6.9
6.1
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.5
4.2
63,324
64,578
64,700
65,638
65,758
66,280
66,647
66,837
67,547
68,385
1 Not available.
2 Not strictly comparable with data for prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and Estimates
of Error.
3 Beginning in January 1999, data are not strictly comparable with data for 1998 and
earlier years because of the revisions in the population controls used in the household
survey. For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey
Effective January 1999" in the February 1999 issue of this publication.
166
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over by sex, 1967 to date
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Year
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Agriculture
Unemployed
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not
in
labor
force
Men
1967 ............................................................
1968 ............................................................
1969 ............................................................
60,905
61,847
62,898
48,987
49,533
50,221
80.4
80.1
79.8
47,479
48,114
48,818
78.0
77.8
77.6
3,164
3,157
2,963
44,315
44,957
45,855
1,508
1,419
1,403
3.1
2.9
2.8
11,919
12,315
12,677
1970 ............................................................
1971 ............................................................
19721 ..........................................................
19731 ..........................................................
1974 ............................................................
1975 ............................................................
1976 ............................................................
1977 ............................................................
19781 ..........................................................
1979 ............................................................
64,304
65,942
67,835
69,292
70,808
72,291
73,759
75,193
76,576
78,020
51,228
52,180
53,555
54,624
55,739
56,299
57,174
58,396
59,620
60,726
79.7
79.1
78.9
78.8
78.7
77.9
77.5
77.7
77.9
77.8
48,990
49,390
50,896
52,349
53,024
51,857
53,138
54,728
56,479
57,607
76.2
74.9
75.0
75.5
74.9
71.7
72.0
72.8
73.8
73.8
2,862
2,795
2,849
2,847
2,919
2,824
2,744
2,671
2,718
2,686
46,128
46,595
48,047
49,502
50,105
49,032
50,394
52,057
53,761
54,921
2,238
2,789
2,659
2,275
2,714
4,442
4,036
3,667
3,142
3,120
4.4
5.3
5.0
4.2
4.9
7.9
7.1
6.3
5.3
5.1
13,076
13,762
14,280
14,667
15,069
15,993
16,585
16,797
16,956
17,293
1980 ............................................................
1981 ............................................................
1982 ............................................................
1983 ............................................................
1984 ............................................................
1985 ............................................................
19861 ..........................................................
1987 ............................................................
1988 ............................................................
1989 ............................................................
79,398
80,511
81,523
82,531
83,605
84,469
85,798
86,899
87,857
88,762
61,453
61,974
62,450
63,047
63,835
64,411
65,422
66,207
66,927
67,840
77.4
77.0
76.6
76.4
76.4
76.3
76.3
76.2
76.2
76.4
57,186
57,397
56,271
56,787
59,091
59,891
60,892
62,107
63,273
64,315
72.0
71.3
69.0
68.8
70.7
70.9
71.0
71.5
72.0
72.5
2,709
2,700
2,736
2,704
2,668
2,535
2,511
2,543
2,493
2,513
54,477
54,697
53,534
54,083
56,423
57,356
58,381
59,564
60,780
61,802
4,267
4,577
6,179
6,260
4,744
4,521
4,530
4,101
3,655
3,525
6.9
7.4
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
6.9
6.2
5.5
5.2
17,945
18,537
19,073
19,484
19,771
20,058
20,376
20,692
20,930
20,923
19901 ..........................................................
1991 ............................................................
1992 ............................................................
1993 ............................................................
19941 ..........................................................
1995 ............................................................
1996 ............................................................
19971 ..........................................................
19981 ..........................................................
19992 ..........................................................
90,377
91,278
92,270
93,332
94,355
95,178
96,206
97,715
98,758
99,722
69,011
69,168
69,964
70,404
70,817
71,360
72,087
73,261
73,959
74,512
76.4
75.8
75.8
75.4
75.1
75.0
74.9
75.0
74.9
74.7
65,104
64,223
64,440
65,349
66,450
67,377
68,207
69,685
70,693
71,446
72.0
70.4
69.8
70.0
70.4
70.8
70.9
71.3
71.6
71.6
2,546
2,589
2,575
2,478
2,554
2,559
2,573
2,552
2,553
2,432
62,559
61,634
61,866
62,871
63,896
64,818
65,634
67,133
68,140
69,014
3,906
4,946
5,523
5,055
4,367
3,983
3,880
3,577
3,266
3,066
5.7
7.2
7.9
7.2
6.2
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.4
4.1
21,367
22,110
22,306
22,927
23,538
23,818
24,119
24,454
24,799
25,210
Women
1967 ............................................................
1968 ............................................................
1969 ............................................................
68,968
70,179
71,436
28,360
29,204
30,513
41.1
41.6
42.7
26,893
27,807
29,084
39.0
39.6
40.7
680
660
643
26,212
27,147
28,441
1,468
1,397
1,429
5.2
4.8
4.7
40,608
40,976
40,924
1970 ............................................................
1971 ............................................................
19721 ..........................................................
19731 ..........................................................
1974 ............................................................
1975 ............................................................
1976 ............................................................
1977 ............................................................
19781 ..........................................................
1979 ............................................................
72,782
74,274
76,290
77,804
79,312
80,860
82,390
83,840
85,334
86,843
31,543
32,202
33,479
34,804
36,211
37,475
38,983
40,613
42,631
44,235
43.3
43.4
43.9
44.7
45.7
46.3
47.3
48.4
50.0
50.9
29,688
29,976
31,257
32,715
33,769
33,989
35,615
37,289
39,569
41,217
40.8
40.4
41.0
42.0
42.6
42.0
43.2
44.5
46.4
47.5
601
599
635
622
596
584
588
612
669
661
29,087
29,377
30,622
32,093
33,173
33,404
35,027
36,677
38,900
40,556
1,855
2,227
2,222
2,089
2,441
3,486
3,369
3,324
3,061
3,018
5.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
6.7
9.3
8.6
8.2
7.2
6.8
41,239
42,072
42,811
43,000
43,101
43,386
43,406
43,227
42,703
42,608
1980 ............................................................
1981 ............................................................
1982 ............................................................
1983 ............................................................
1984 ............................................................
1985 ............................................................
19861 ..........................................................
1987 ............................................................
1988 ............................................................
1989 ............................................................
88,348
89,618
90,748
91,684
92,778
93,736
94,789
95,853
96,756
97,630
45,487
46,696
47,755
48,503
49,709
51,050
52,413
53,658
54,742
56,030
51.5
52.1
52.6
52.9
53.6
54.5
55.3
56.0
56.6
57.4
42,117
43,000
43,256
44,047
45,915
47,259
48,706
50,334
51,696
53,027
47.7
48.0
47.7
48.0
49.5
50.4
51.4
52.5
53.4
54.3
656
667
665
680
653
644
652
666
676
687
41,461
42,333
42,591
43,367
45,262
46,615
48,054
49,668
51,020
52,341
3,370
3,696
4,499
4,457
3,794
3,791
3,707
3,324
3,046
3,003
7.4
7.9
9.4
9.2
7.6
7.4
7.1
6.2
5.6
5.4
42,861
42,922
42,993
43,181
43,068
42,686
42,376
42,195
42,014
41,601
19901 ..........................................................
1991 ............................................................
1992 ............................................................
1993 ............................................................
19941 ..........................................................
1995 ............................................................
1996 ............................................................
19971 ..........................................................
19981 ..........................................................
19992 ..........................................................
98,787
99,646
100,535
101,506
102,460
103,406
104,385
105,418
106,462
108,031
56,829
57,178
58,141
58,795
60,239
60,944
61,857
63,036
63,714
64,855
57.5
57.4
57.8
57.9
58.8
58.9
59.3
59.8
59.8
60.0
53,689
53,496
54,052
54,910
56,610
57,523
58,501
59,873
60,771
62,042
54.3
53.7
53.8
54.1
55.3
55.6
56.0
56.8
57.1
57.4
678
680
672
637
855
881
871
847
825
849
53,011
52,815
53,380
54,273
55,755
56,642
57,630
59,026
59,945
61,193
3,140
3,683
4,090
3,885
3,629
3,421
3,356
3,162
2,944
2,814
5.5
6.4
7.0
6.6
6.0
5.6
5.4
5.0
4.6
4.3
41,957
42,468
42,394
42,711
42,221
42,462
42,528
42,382
42,748
43,175
1 Not strictly comparable with data for prior years. For an explanation, see "Historical
Comparability" under the Household Data section of the Explanatory Notes and Estimates
of Error.
2 Beginning in January 1999, data are not strictly comparable with data for 1998 and
earlier years because of revisions in the population controls used in the household survey.
For additional information, see "Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective
January 1999" in the February 1999 issue of this publication.
167
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not
in
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
207,753
16,040
8,060
7,979
17,968
118,198
37,976
18,339
19,637
44,635
22,379
22,256
35,587
19,324
16,263
23,064
12,747
10,317
32,484
9,281
8,540
14,663
139,368
8,333
3,337
4,996
13,933
99,414
32,143
15,517
16,626
37,882
18,937
18,945
29,388
16,330
13,058
13,682
8,895
4,787
4,005
2,137
1,116
752
67.1
52.0
41.4
62.6
77.5
84.1
84.6
84.6
84.7
84.9
84.6
85.1
82.6
84.5
80.3
59.3
69.8
46.4
12.3
23.0
13.1
5.1
133,488
7,172
2,793
4,379
12,891
96,228
30,865
14,836
16,029
36,728
18,345
18,382
28,635
15,904
12,731
13,315
8,656
4,659
3,882
2,065
1,088
729
64.3
44.7
34.7
54.9
71.7
81.4
81.3
80.9
81.6
82.3
82.0
82.6
80.5
82.3
78.3
57.7
67.9
45.2
11.9
22.2
12.7
5.0
3,281
234
107
128
332
2,009
648
318
330
782
388
393
580
341
239
422
234
188
283
120
81
82
130,207
6,938
2,686
4,251
12,559
94,219
30,218
14,519
15,699
35,946
17,957
17,989
28,055
15,563
12,492
12,893
8,422
4,471
3,599
1,945
1,007
648
5,880
1,162
544
618
1,042
3,186
1,278
681
597
1,154
592
562
753
426
327
367
239
128
124
72
29
23
4.2
13.9
16.3
12.4
7.5
3.2
4.0
4.4
3.6
3.0
3.1
3.0
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.7
2.7
2.7
3.1
3.4
2.6
3.0
68,385
7,706
4,723
2,983
4,034
18,785
5,833
2,822
3,011
6,753
3,441
3,311
6,199
2,994
3,205
9,382
3,852
5,530
28,478
7,144
7,424
13,911
99,722
8,167
4,143
4,024
8,899
57,870
18,565
8,931
9,634
21,969
11,026
10,942
17,335
9,444
7,892
11,008
6,123
4,885
13,779
4,279
3,776
5,724
74,512
4,318
1,732
2,587
7,291
53,093
17,318
8,283
9,035
20,382
10,287
10,095
15,394
8,532
6,862
7,477
4,799
2,678
2,333
1,218
657
458
74.7
52.9
41.8
64.3
81.9
91.7
93.3
92.7
93.8
92.8
93.3
92.3
88.8
90.3
87.0
67.9
78.4
54.8
16.9
28.5
17.4
8.0
71,446
3,685
1,437
2,249
6,729
51,496
16,694
7,949
8,745
19,811
9,999
9,811
14,991
8,302
6,689
7,274
4,671
2,603
2,263
1,177
642
444
71.6
45.1
34.7
55.9
75.6
89.0
89.9
89.0
90.8
90.2
90.7
89.7
86.5
87.9
84.8
66.1
76.3
53.3
16.4
27.5
17.0
7.8
2,432
188
84
104
259
1,467
497
249
247
569
301
269
401
240
160
297
160
136
222
94
64
63
69,014
3,497
1,353
2,145
6,470
50,029
16,198
7,700
8,498
19,241
9,699
9,543
14,590
8,062
6,528
6,977
4,511
2,466
2,041
1,083
578
380
3,066
633
295
338
562
1,597
624
334
290
571
288
283
403
229
173
203
128
75
70
40
15
14
4.1
14.7
17.0
13.1
7.7
3.0
3.6
4.0
3.2
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.7
2.7
2.8
3.0
3.3
2.3
3.1
25,210
3,848
2,411
1,437
1,608
4,776
1,248
649
599
1,587
739
848
1,942
912
1,029
3,531
1,324
2,207
11,446
3,062
3,119
5,266
108,031
7,873
3,917
3,955
9,069
60,329
19,411
9,408
10,003
22,666
11,352
11,314
18,251
9,880
8,371
12,056
6,624
5,432
18,705
5,002
4,764
8,939
64,855
4,015
1,606
2,410
6,643
46,321
14,826
7,235
7,591
17,501
8,650
8,850
13,994
7,798
6,196
6,204
4,096
2,109
1,673
920
459
294
60.0
51.0
41.0
60.9
73.2
76.8
76.4
76.9
75.9
77.2
76.2
78.2
76.7
78.9
74.0
51.5
61.8
38.8
8.9
18.4
9.6
3.3
62,042
3,487
1,357
2,130
6,163
44,732
14,171
6,888
7,284
16,917
8,346
8,571
13,644
7,602
6,042
6,041
3,985
2,056
1,619
888
446
286
57.4
44.3
34.6
53.9
68.0
74.1
73.0
73.2
72.8
74.6
73.5
75.8
74.8
76.9
72.2
50.1
60.2
37.8
8.7
17.7
9.4
3.2
849
46
23
23
74
542
151
68
83
212
87
125
179
100
78
126
74
52
61
26
17
18
61,193
3,440
1,334
2,107
6,089
44,190
14,020
6,819
7,201
16,705
8,259
8,446
13,465
7,501
5,964
5,915
3,911
2,004
1,558
862
429
267
2,814
529
249
280
480
1,588
654
347
307
584
304
279
350
197
154
163
110
53
54
32
13
9
4.3
13.2
15.5
11.6
7.2
3.4
4.4
4.8
4.0
3.3
3.5
3.2
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.5
3.2
3.5
2.9
2.9
43,175
3,858
2,312
1,546
2,426
14,008
4,585
2,173
2,412
5,166
2,702
2,464
4,257
2,082
2,175
5,851
2,528
3,323
17,032
4,082
4,305
8,645
Men
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
Women
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
168
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not
in
labor
force
WHITE
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
173,085
12,700
6,342
6,358
14,394
97,319
30,516
14,637
15,879
36,755
18,387
18,368
30,048
16,167
13,881
19,855
10,951
8,904
28,818
8,036
7,563
13,220
116,509
7,048
2,849
4,199
11,436
82,470
25,978
12,470
13,507
31,391
15,650
15,741
25,102
13,817
11,285
11,960
7,755
4,205
3,595
1,887
1,023
685
67.3
55.5
44.9
66.0
79.5
84.7
85.1
85.2
85.1
85.4
85.1
85.7
83.5
85.5
81.3
60.2
70.8
47.2
12.5
23.5
13.5
5.2
112,235
6,204
2,435
3,769
10,716
80,168
25,113
12,010
13,103
30,548
15,226
15,322
24,507
13,488
11,019
11,657
7,558
4,100
3,491
1,826
997
667
64.8
48.8
38.4
59.3
74.4
82.4
82.3
82.0
82.5
83.1
82.8
83.4
81.6
83.4
79.4
58.7
69.0
46.0
12.1
22.7
13.2
5.0
3,083
224
104
120
313
1,880
612
302
310
730
368
363
537
316
221
396
218
178
272
114
79
79
109,152
5,980
2,331
3,649
10,403
78,288
24,501
11,708
12,793
29,818
14,858
14,959
23,970
13,172
10,798
11,262
7,340
3,922
3,219
1,713
919
588
4,273
844
414
430
720
2,302
865
461
404
843
424
419
595
330
265
303
198
105
104
60
25
18
3.7
12.0
14.5
10.2
6.3
2.8
3.3
3.7
3.0
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.9
3.2
2.5
2.7
56,577
5,652
3,493
2,160
2,958
14,849
4,538
2,167
2,371
5,364
2,738
2,626
4,946
2,350
2,597
7,895
3,196
4,699
25,223
6,149
6,540
12,534
83,930
6,498
3,266
3,232
7,244
48,324
15,150
7,250
7,900
18,340
9,174
9,165
14,834
8,014
6,821
9,581
5,319
4,262
12,283
3,741
3,375
5,166
63,413
3,666
1,478
2,188
6,151
44,861
14,292
6,802
7,491
17,201
8,648
8,553
13,368
7,347
6,021
6,618
4,238
2,380
2,117
1,087
609
421
75.6
56.4
45.2
67.7
84.9
92.8
94.3
93.8
94.8
93.8
94.3
93.3
90.1
91.7
88.3
69.1
79.7
55.8
17.2
29.0
18.1
8.2
61,139
3,205
1,254
1,951
5,753
43,678
13,851
6,565
7,286
16,781
8,444
8,338
13,046
7,167
5,878
6,447
4,126
2,321
2,056
1,051
595
410
72.8
49.3
38.4
60.4
79.4
90.4
91.4
90.5
92.2
91.5
92.0
91.0
87.9
89.4
86.2
67.3
77.6
54.4
16.7
28.1
17.6
7.9
2,273
178
81
97
244
1,364
465
234
230
529
283
246
370
223
147
274
146
127
212
89
62
61
58,866
3,027
1,173
1,854
5,509
42,314
13,386
6,331
7,056
16,252
8,160
8,092
12,675
6,944
5,731
6,173
3,979
2,194
1,844
962
533
349
2,274
461
223
237
398
1,183
441
237
204
419
205
215
322
180
143
172
112
59
61
35
14
11
3.6
12.6
15.1
10.8
6.5
2.6
3.1
3.5
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.9
3.3
2.4
2.7
20,517
2,832
1,789
1,043
1,093
3,464
858
449
409
1,139
526
612
1,467
667
800
2,963
1,081
1,882
10,166
2,655
2,766
4,745
89,156
6,202
3,076
3,127
7,150
48,994
15,366
7,387
7,978
18,415
9,213
9,202
15,214
8,153
7,061
10,274
5,633
4,641
16,536
4,295
4,188
8,053
53,096
3,382
1,371
2,010
5,285
37,609
11,685
5,669
6,017
14,190
7,002
7,188
11,734
6,470
5,264
5,342
3,517
1,825
1,478
800
413
264
59.6
54.5
44.6
64.3
73.9
76.8
76.0
76.7
75.4
77.1
76.0
78.1
77.1
79.4
74.6
52.0
62.4
39.3
8.9
18.6
9.9
3.3
51,096
2,999
1,181
1,817
4,963
36,489
11,262
5,445
5,817
13,767
6,782
6,984
11,461
6,320
5,141
5,211
3,432
1,779
1,435
775
402
257
57.3
48.3
38.4
58.1
69.4
74.5
73.3
73.7
72.9
74.8
73.6
75.9
75.3
77.5
72.8
50.7
60.9
38.3
8.7
18.1
9.6
3.2
810
45
23
23
68
515
147
67
80
201
84
117
167
93
74
122
71
51
60
25
17
18
50,286
2,953
1,158
1,795
4,895
35,974
11,114
5,377
5,737
13,565
6,698
6,867
11,294
6,228
5,067
5,089
3,360
1,728
1,376
750
386
240
1,999
383
190
193
322
1,120
423
224
199
423
219
204
273
150
123
131
86
46
43
25
11
7
3.8
11.3
13.9
9.6
6.1
3.0
3.6
4.0
3.3
3.0
3.1
2.8
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.9
3.1
2.7
2.6
36,060
2,821
1,704
1,116
1,865
11,385
3,680
1,718
1,962
4,225
2,211
2,014
3,480
1,683
1,797
4,932
2,115
2,817
15,058
3,495
3,774
7,789
Men
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
Women
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
169
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
3. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, and race — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Civilian labor force
Age, sex, and race
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Not
in
labor
force
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
14,939
687
243
444
1,582
11,286
4,066
1,993
2,073
4,373
2,226
2,147
2,847
1,691
1,155
1,119
746
373
265
158
61
46
1,309
268
109
159
273
708
339
185
153
249
133
116
121
77
44
46
29
17
14
9
2
3
8.0
27.9
31.0
26.2
14.6
5.9
7.6
8.5
6.8
5.3
5.6
5.1
4.0
4.3
3.6
3.9
3.7
4.3
5.0
5.1
3.9
6.2
8,490
1,520
898
622
749
2,650
768
366
402
956
490
466
926
477
450
1,115
482
633
2,456
751
657
1,048
6,928
322
119
202
692
5,276
1,902
923
979
2,066
1,057
1,009
1,308
777
531
513
342
170
126
79
25
23
626
145
60
85
135
317
143
79
64
114
61
53
60
40
20
22
10
11
7
4
1
2
8.2
30.9
33.3
29.4
16.2
5.6
6.9
7.8
6.1
5.2
5.4
5.0
4.3
4.8
3.6
3.9
2.9
6.0
5.0
4.9
( 1)
( 1)
3,491
748
449
299
362
990
252
115
137
360
173
187
379
195
184
439
187
252
953
308
269
375
8,011
365
123
242
891
6,010
2,164
1,070
1,094
2,307
1,169
1,138
1,539
914
625
606
403
203
139
80
36
24
684
123
49
74
138
391
196
107
89
135
72
62
61
37
24
25
19
6
7
4
2
1
7.8
25.1
28.5
23.3
13.4
6.1
8.3
9.1
7.5
5.5
5.8
5.2
3.8
3.9
3.6
3.9
4.4
2.8
5.0
5.3
4.7
( 1)
4,999
772
449
323
387
1,660
516
251
265
596
317
279
547
282
266
677
295
381
1,503
443
388
672
BLACK
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
24,855
2,479
1,250
1,229
2,615
14,725
5,197
2,555
2,642
5,609
2,863
2,746
3,919
2,263
1,656
2,295
1,267
1,028
2,741
921
720
1,099
16,365
959
352
607
1,866
12,075
4,430
2,189
2,240
4,653
2,373
2,280
2,992
1,786
1,206
1,180
785
395
285
170
64
51
65.8
38.7
28.2
49.4
71.4
82.0
85.2
85.7
84.8
83.0
82.9
83.0
76.4
78.9
72.8
51.4
62.0
38.4
10.4
18.5
8.8
4.7
15,056
691
243
448
1,594
11,367
4,091
2,004
2,087
4,404
2,239
2,165
2,872
1,709
1,162
1,134
756
378
271
161
61
48
60.6
27.9
19.5
36.4
60.9
77.2
78.7
78.4
79.0
78.5
78.2
78.8
73.3
75.5
70.2
49.4
59.7
36.8
9.9
17.5
8.5
4.4
11,143
1,218
628
589
1,197
6,652
2,321
1,127
1,194
2,566
1,303
1,263
1,765
1,026
740
986
547
438
1,091
394
295
401
7,652
470
180
291
835
5,662
2,069
1,012
1,057
2,206
1,130
1,076
1,387
831
556
547
361
186
138
86
26
26
68.7
38.6
28.6
49.3
69.8
85.1
89.2
89.8
88.5
86.0
86.7
85.2
78.5
81.0
75.1
55.5
65.9
42.5
12.7
21.8
8.9
6.5
7,027
325
120
205
700
5,345
1,926
934
993
2,092
1,069
1,023
1,327
791
536
525
350
175
131
82
25
24
63.1
26.7
19.1
34.8
58.5
80.3
83.0
82.8
83.2
81.5
82.0
81.0
75.2
77.1
72.4
53.3
64.0
39.9
12.0
20.7
8.6
6.0
13,711
1,261
621
640
1,418
8,073
2,876
1,428
1,448
3,043
1,560
1,483
2,153
1,237
916
1,310
720
590
1,650
528
425
697
8,713
489
172
316
1,031
6,413
2,360
1,177
1,183
2,447
1,242
1,204
1,606
955
650
633
424
209
147
84
38
25
63.5
38.8
27.8
49.5
72.7
79.4
82.1
82.4
81.7
80.4
79.6
81.2
74.6
77.2
71.0
48.4
59.0
35.4
8.9
16.0
8.8
3.6
8,029
366
123
243
893
6,022
2,165
1,070
1,094
2,312
1,170
1,142
1,545
918
627
609
406
203
139
80
36
24
58.6
29.0
19.8
37.9
63.0
74.6
75.3
74.9
75.6
76.0
75.0
77.0
71.8
74.2
68.4
46.5
56.4
34.4
8.4
15.1
8.4
3.4
117
4
–
4
11
81
25
11
14
31
13
17
25
18
7
15
10
5
5
3
1
2
Men
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
99
3
–
3
9
69
24
10
14
26
13
13
19
14
26
13
8
5
5
3
1
2
Women
16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years .................................................
16 to 17 years ...............................................
18 to 19 years ...............................................
20 to 24 years .................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................
25 to 29 years .............................................
30 to 34 years .............................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................
35 to 39 years .............................................
40 to 44 years .............................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................
45 to 49 years .............................................
50 to 54 years .............................................
55 to 64 years .................................................
55 to 59 years ...............................................
60 to 64 years ...............................................
65 years and over ...........................................
65 to 69 years ...............................................
70 to 74 years ...............................................
75 years and over .........................................
1 Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
170
18
1
–
1
3
12
1
1
–
5
1
4
6
4
2
2
2
–
–
–
–
–
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
4. Employment status of the Hispanic-orgin population by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Civilian labor force
Age and sex
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Employed
Total
Percent
of
population
Total
Percent
of
population
Unemployed
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Number
Percent
of
labor
force
Not
in
labor
force
TOTAL
16 years and over ...................
16 to 19 years .......................
16 to 17 years .....................
18 to 19 years .....................
20 to 24 years .......................
25 years and over .................
25 to 54 years .....................
25 to 34 years ...................
35 to 44 years ...................
45 to 54 years ...................
55 years and over ...............
55 to 64 years ...................
65 years and over .............
21,650
2,307
1,113
1,194
2,700
16,644
13,213
5,512
4,833
2,868
3,431
1,713
1,718
14,665
1,049
333
717
2,052
11,563
10,437
4,330
3,929
2,178
1,127
927
199
67.7
45.5
29.9
60.0
76.0
69.5
79.0
78.6
81.3
75.9
32.8
54.1
11.6
13,720
854
254
600
1,881
10,985
9,910
4,097
3,738
2,074
1,075
886
190
63.4
37.0
22.8
50.2
69.7
66.0
75.0
74.3
77.4
72.3
31.3
51.7
11.0
734
45
13
32
128
562
508
209
189
110
54
42
12
12,986
809
241
568
1,753
10,423
9,402
3,888
3,549
1,964
1,022
844
178
945
196
79
117
171
578
527
233
190
104
51
42
10
6.4
18.6
23.7
16.3
8.3
5.0
5.0
5.4
4.8
4.8
4.6
4.5
5.0
6,985
1,257
780
477
648
5,080
2,776
1,182
904
690
2,304
786
1,518
10,713
1,190
571
619
1,398
8,125
6,609
2,805
2,407
1,397
1,516
767
749
8,546
596
181
415
1,231
6,719
6,056
2,633
2,219
1,205
662
526
136
79.8
50.1
31.8
67.0
88.1
82.7
91.6
93.9
92.2
86.2
43.7
68.6
18.2
8,067
491
139
352
1,135
6,441
5,810
2,524
2,135
1,151
631
502
130
75.3
41.2
24.3
56.8
81.2
79.3
87.9
90.0
88.7
82.4
41.6
65.4
17.3
642
40
12
28
115
487
435
182
161
91
52
40
12
7,425
450
127
324
1,020
5,955
5,375
2,342
1,974
1,060
579
462
117
480
106
42
63
96
277
246
109
83
54
31
24
7
5.6
17.8
23.4
15.3
7.8
4.1
4.1
4.1
3.8
4.5
4.7
4.6
5.0
2,167
594
390
204
166
1,407
553
172
189
192
853
241
613
10,937
1,116
542
575
1,302
8,519
6,603
2,707
2,425
1,470
1,915
947
969
6,119
453
151
302
821
4,845
4,380
1,698
1,710
973
464
401
63
55.9
40.6
27.9
52.5
63.0
56.9
66.3
62.7
70.5
66.2
24.3
42.4
6.5
5,653
363
115
248
746
4,544
4,100
1,574
1,603
923
444
384
60
51.7
32.5
21.2
43.2
57.3
53.3
62.1
58.1
66.1
62.8
23.2
40.6
6.2
92
5
1
4
13
75
73
27
27
19
2
2
5,561
359
114
245
733
4,469
4,026
1,546
1,575
905
443
382
60
466
90
36
54
75
301
281
124
107
50
20
17
3
7.6
19.8
24.0
17.7
9.1
6.2
6.4
7.3
6.3
5.1
4.3
4.3
4.8
4,819
664
391
273
481
3,674
2,223
1,010
716
498
1,451
545
906
Men
16 years and over ...................
16 to 19 years .......................
16 to 17 years .....................
18 to 19 years .....................
20 to 24 years .......................
25 years and over .................
25 to 54 years .....................
25 to 34 years ...................
35 to 44 years ...................
45 to 54 years ...................
55 years and over ...............
55 to 64 years ...................
65 years and over .............
Women
16 years and over ...................
16 to 19 years .......................
16 to 17 years .....................
18 to 19 years .....................
20 to 24 years .......................
25 years and over .................
25 to 54 years .....................
25 to 34 years ...................
35 to 44 years ...................
45 to 54 years ...................
55 years and over ...............
55 to 64 years ...................
65 years and over .............
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
–
used in the household survey.
171
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
5. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Employment status, sex, and age
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
205,220
137,673
67.1
131,463
3,378
128,085
6,210
4.5
67,547
207,753
139,368
67.1
133,488
3,281
130,207
5,880
4.2
68,385
171,478
115,415
67.3
110,931
3,160
107,770
4,484
3.9
56,064
173,085
116,509
67.3
112,235
3,083
109,152
4,273
3.7
56,577
24,373
15,982
65.6
14,556
138
14,417
1,426
8.9
8,391
24,855
16,365
65.8
15,056
117
14,939
1,309
8.0
8,490
21,070
14,317
67.9
13,291
742
12,549
1,026
7.2
6,753
21,650
14,665
67.7
13,720
734
12,986
945
6.4
6,985
98,758
73,959
74.9
70,693
2,553
68,140
3,266
4.4
24,799
99,722
74,512
74.7
71,446
2,432
69,014
3,066
4.1
25,210
83,352
63,034
75.6
60,604
2,376
58,228
2,431
3.9
20,317
83,930
63,413
75.6
61,139
2,273
58,866
2,274
3.6
20,517
10,927
7,542
69.0
6,871
118
6,752
671
8.9
3,386
11,143
7,652
68.7
7,027
99
6,928
626
8.2
3,491
10,734
8,571
79.8
8,018
651
7,367
552
6.4
2,164
10,713
8,546
79.8
8,067
642
7,425
480
5.6
2,167
90,790
69,715
76.8
67,135
2,350
64,785
2,580
3.7
21,075
91,555
70,194
76.7
67,761
2,244
65,517
2,433
3.5
21,362
76,966
59,421
77.2
57,500
2,182
55,319
1,920
3.2
17,545
77,432
59,747
77.2
57,934
2,094
55,839
1,813
3.0
17,685
9,727
7,053
72.5
6,530
112
6,418
524
7.4
2,673
9,926
7,182
72.4
6,702
96
6,606
480
6.7
2,743
9,573
8,005
83.6
7,570
621
6,949
436
5.4
1,568
9,523
7,950
83.5
7,576
602
6,974
374
4.7
1,573
Civilian noninstitutional population ............................... 106,462
Civilian labor force ......................................................
63,714
Percent of population ..............................................
59.8
Employed ..................................................................
60,771
Agriculture ..............................................................
825
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
59,945
Unemployed .............................................................
2,944
Unemployment rate ................................................
4.6
Not in labor force ........................................................
42,748
108,031
64,855
60.0
62,042
849
61,193
2,814
4.3
43,175
88,126
52,380
59.4
50,327
784
49,543
2,053
3.9
35,746
89,156
53,096
59.6
51,096
810
50,286
1,999
3.8
36,060
13,446
8,441
62.8
7,685
20
7,665
756
9.0
5,005
13,711
8,713
63.5
8,029
18
8,011
684
7.8
4,999
10,335
5,746
55.6
5,273
91
5,182
473
8.2
4,589
10,937
6,119
55.9
5,653
92
5,561
466
7.6
4,819
98,786
59,702
60.4
57,278
768
56,510
2,424
4.1
39,084
100,158
60,840
60.7
58,555
803
57,752
2,285
3.8
39,318
82,073
49,029
59.7
47,342
729
46,612
1,688
3.4
33,044
82,953
49,714
59.9
48,098
765
47,333
1,616
3.3
33,239
12,203
7,912
64.8
7,290
19
7,272
622
7.9
4,291
12,451
8,224
66.1
7,663
17
7,646
561
6.8
4,226
9,292
5,304
57.1
4,928
85
4,843
376
7.1
3,988
9,821
5,666
57.7
5,290
88
5,202
376
6.6
4,155
15,644
8,256
52.8
7,051
261
6,790
1,205
14.6
7,388
16,040
8,333
52.0
7,172
234
6,938
1,162
13.9
7,706
12,439
6,965
56.0
6,089
250
5,839
876
12.6
5,475
12,700
7,048
55.5
6,204
224
5,980
844
12.0
5,652
2,443
1,017
41.6
736
8
728
281
27.6
1,427
2,479
959
38.7
691
4
687
268
27.9
1,520
2,204
1,007
45.7
793
36
757
214
21.3
1,197
2,307
1,049
45.5
854
45
809
196
18.6
1,257
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Women, 16 years and over
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
172
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
6. Employment status of the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Hispanic origin1
Mexican origin
Puerto Rican origin
Cuban origin
Employment status, sex, and age
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
21,070
14,317
67.9
13,291
742
12,549
1,026
7.2
6,753
21,650
14,665
67.7
13,720
734
12,986
945
6.4
6,985
13,216
9,096
68.8
8,431
662
7,769
664
7.3
4,121
13,582
9,267
68.2
8,656
666
7,990
611
6.6
4,315
2,080
1,249
60.0
1,145
10
1,135
104
8.3
832
2,058
1,269
61.6
1,165
7
1,158
104
8.2
789
1,062
651
61.3
612
6
606
39
6.0
411
1,141
714
62.6
681
6
675
33
4.6
427
10,734
8,571
79.8
8,018
651
7,367
552
6.4
2,164
10,713
8,546
79.8
8,067
642
7,425
480
5.6
2,167
6,937
5,660
81.6
5,291
579
4,712
369
6.5
1,276
6,939
5,637
81.2
5,312
582
4,731
324
5.8
1,302
975
672
68.9
615
8
607
57
8.5
303
946
657
69.5
607
6
601
50
7.6
289
527
387
73.5
371
5
366
16
4.1
140
568
426
75.1
408
4
403
19
4.4
142
9,573
8,005
83.6
7,570
621
6,949
436
5.4
1,568
9,523
7,950
83.5
7,576
602
6,974
374
4.7
1,573
6,139
5,244
85.4
4,959
551
4,408
285
5.4
895
6,105
5,196
85.1
4,948
544
4,404
249
4.8
909
872
632
72.4
586
8
578
46
7.3
241
841
613
72.9
574
6
568
39
6.4
228
499
372
74.6
359
5
354
13
3.6
127
533
411
77.2
396
4
392
15
3.8
121
10,335
5,746
55.6
5,273
91
5,182
473
8.2
4,589
10,937
6,119
55.9
5,653
92
5,561
466
7.6
4,819
6,280
3,435
54.7
3,140
83
3,057
296
8.6
2,844
6,643
3,630
54.6
3,344
84
3,259
287
7.9
3,013
1,105
576
52.2
529
2
528
47
8.2
529
1,112
611
55.0
557
1
557
54
8.8
500
535
264
49.2
241
1
240
23
8.6
272
573
287
50.2
273
2
271
14
4.8
285
9,292
5,304
57.1
4,928
85
4,843
376
7.1
3,988
9,821
5,666
57.7
5,290
88
5,202
376
6.6
4,155
5,555
3,119
56.1
2,897
77
2,820
221
7.1
2,436
5,877
3,319
56.5
3,092
80
3,012
227
6.8
2,558
1,003
530
52.8
493
2
491
37
7.0
473
1,004
571
56.9
529
1
528
43
7.5
432
509
252
49.6
231
1
230
22
8.6
257
549
279
50.8
266
2
263
13
4.7
270
2,204
1,007
45.7
793
36
757
214
21.3
1,197
2,307
1,049
45.5
854
45
809
196
18.6
1,257
1,523
733
48.1
575
34
541
158
21.5
790
1,600
752
47.0
617
42
574
135
18.0
848
205
87
42.5
66
1
65
21
24.1
118
213
84
39.3
62
–
61
22
26.3
129
54
26
48.1
22
–
22
4
( 2)
28
59
24
39.9
20
–
20
4
( 2)
36
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ...............................
Civilian labor force ......................................................
Percent of population ..............................................
Employed ..................................................................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Unemployed .............................................................
Unemployment rate ................................................
Not in labor force ........................................................
1 Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
2 Data not shown where base is less than 35,000.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population
controls used in the household survey.
173
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Men
Women
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Educational attainment
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
173,746
117,101
67.4
113,425
65.3
3,676
3.1
81,986
62,494
76.2
60,497
73.8
1,998
3.2
82,657
62,903
76.1
61,032
73.8
1,870
3.0
89,997
53,285
59.2
51,359
57.1
1,926
3.6
91,089
54,198
59.5
52,392
57.5
1,805
3.3
144,900
97,206
67.1
94,330
65.1
2,877
3.0
145,992
98,025
67.1
95,316
65.3
2,709
2.8
19,384
13,168
67.9
12,324
63.6
844
6.4
19,761
13,540
68.5
12,771
64.6
768
5.7
16,134
11,232
69.6
10,615
65.8
617
5.5
16,644
11,563
69.5
10,985
66.0
578
5.0
29,375
12,561
42.8
11,673
39.7
887
7.1
28,337
12,110
42.7
11,294
39.9
817
6.7
13,975
7,711
55.2
7,238
51.8
472
6.1
13,388
7,347
54.9
6,921
51.7
426
5.8
15,400
4,850
31.5
4,435
28.8
415
8.6
14,948
4,763
31.9
4,372
29.2
391
8.2
23,557
10,146
43.1
9,510
40.4
635
6.3
22,765
9,815
43.1
9,235
40.6
580
5.9
4,459
1,785
40.0
1,579
35.4
207
11.6
4,247
1,684
39.6
1,488
35.0
196
11.6
7,138
4,191
58.7
3,889
54.5
303
7.2
7,189
4,226
58.8
3,926
54.6
300
7.1
57,524
37,465
65.1
35,976
62.5
1,489
4.0
57,559
37,327
64.8
36,017
62.6
1,310
3.5
26,212
19,961
76.2
19,188
73.2
773
3.9
26,158
19,785
75.6
19,125
73.1
661
3.3
31,313
17,504
55.9
16,788
53.6
717
4.1
31,402
17,542
55.9
16,893
53.8
649
3.7
48,709
31,313
64.3
30,249
62.1
1,064
3.4
48,629
31,145
64.0
30,211
62.1
934
3.0
6,910
4,864
70.4
4,504
65.2
360
7.4
7,008
4,944
70.5
4,631
66.1
313
6.3
4,296
3,195
74.4
3,018
70.2
177
5.5
4,566
3,370
73.8
3,213
70.4
158
4.7
42,261
31,412
74.3
30,477
72.1
935
3.0
43,358
32,115
74.1
31,209
72.0
906
2.8
19,488
15,860
81.4
15,415
79.1
445
2.8
19,997
16,212
81.1
15,778
78.9
434
2.7
22,773
15,552
68.3
15,062
66.1
489
3.1
23,360
15,903
68.1
15,430
66.1
473
3.0
35,643
26,211
73.5
25,527
71.6
685
2.6
36,349
26,621
73.2
25,944
71.4
677
2.5
5,042
4,000
79.3
3,795
75.3
204
5.1
5,318
4,219
79.3
4,032
75.8
187
4.4
2,934
2,373
80.9
2,282
77.8
91
3.8
3,049
2,437
79.9
2,356
77.3
81
3.3
29,526
21,311
72.2
20,626
69.9
684
3.2
30,111
21,778
72.3
21,129
70.2
648
3.0
13,883
11,018
79.4
10,684
77.0
335
3.0
14,192
11,251
79.3
10,941
77.1
310
2.8
15,642
10,293
65.8
9,943
63.6
350
3.4
15,919
10,527
66.1
10,189
64.0
338
3.2
24,715
17,592
71.2
17,101
69.2
491
2.8
25,077
17,863
71.2
17,388
69.3
475
2.7
3,768
2,938
78.0
2,776
73.7
162
5.5
3,895
3,067
78.7
2,924
75.1
143
4.7
2,120
1,689
79.7
1,622
76.5
68
4.0
2,205
1,755
79.6
1,696
76.9
60
3.4
12,735
10,101
79.3
9,850
77.3
251
2.5
13,247
10,337
78.0
10,079
76.1
258
2.5
5,604
4,842
86.4
4,731
84.4
111
2.3
5,806
4,961
85.4
4,838
83.3
123
2.5
7,131
5,259
73.7
5,119
71.8
140
2.7
7,441
5,376
72.2
5,242
70.4
134
2.5
10,928
8,619
78.9
8,426
77.1
193
2.2
11,272
8,758
77.7
8,556
75.9
202
2.3
1,273
1,061
83.4
1,020
80.1
42
3.9
1,423
1,152
81.0
1,108
77.9
44
3.8
814
683
84.0
660
81.1
23
3.4
844
682
80.8
660
78.3
21
3.1
42,822
34,342
80.2
33,730
78.8
612
1.8
44,492
35,548
79.9
34,905
78.5
643
1.8
22,312
18,963
85.0
18,656
83.6
307
1.6
23,113
19,558
84.6
19,208
83.1
350
1.8
20,510
15,379
75.0
15,074
73.5
305
2.0
21,379
15,990
74.8
15,697
73.4
293
1.8
36,991
29,537
79.8
29,044
78.5
493
1.7
38,249
30,444
79.6
29,925
78.2
519
1.7
2,973
2,520
84.7
2,446
82.3
74
2.9
3,188
2,693
84.5
2,621
82.2
73
2.7
1,766
1,474
83.4
1,427
80.8
47
3.2
1,840
1,530
83.2
1,491
81.0
39
2.6
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population ... 171,983
Civilian labor force .......................... 115,779
Percent of population ..................
67.3
Employed ...................................... 111,855
Employment-population ratio ......
65.0
Unemployed .................................
3,924
Unemployment rate ....................
3.4
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
High school graduates, no college
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
Less than a bachelor’s degree1
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
Some college, no degree
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
Associate degree
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
College graduates
Civilian noninstitutional population ...
Civilian labor force ..........................
Percent of population ..................
Employed ......................................
Employment-population ratio ......
Unemployed .................................
Unemployment rate ....................
1 Includes the categories, some college, no degree, and associate degree.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups. Beginning in January 1999,
data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
174
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
8. Employed and unemployed full- and part-time workers by age, sex, and race
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Age, sex, and race
Looking
for
full-time
work
Looking
for
part-time
work
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34
hours for
economic
or
noneconomic
reasons
Total, 16 years and over ............. 110,302
16 to 19 years .............................................
2,386
16 to 17 years ...........................................
353
18 to 19 years ...........................................
2,033
20 years and over ....................................... 107,917
20 to 24 years ...........................................
9,568
25 years and over ..................................... 98,349
25 to 54 years ......................................... 85,529
55 years and over ................................... 12,820
96,276
2,007
279
1,727
94,270
8,424
85,846
74,991
10,855
10,079
326
62
264
9,754
909
8,845
7,515
1,330
3,947
53
11
42
3,893
235
3,658
3,023
635
23,186
4,786
2,440
2,346
18,399
3,323
15,076
10,699
4,376
2,216
277
64
213
1,939
419
1,520
1,336
184
19,509
4,322
2,287
2,035
15,187
2,753
12,434
8,605
3,829
1,461
187
90
97
1,273
152
1,122
758
363
4,669
575
158
417
4,094
876
3,218
2,867
351
1,211
587
386
201
624
167
458
319
139
Men, 16 years and over ..........................
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
63,930
1,416
62,514
5,371
57,142
49,428
7,715
57,034
1,208
55,827
4,823
51,004
44,351
6,653
4,971
182
4,790
441
4,348
3,636
712
1,924
27
1,897
107
1,790
1,441
350
7,516
2,269
5,247
1,357
3,890
2,068
1,822
946
137
809
211
598
511
87
6,178
2,051
4,127
1,091
3,036
1,441
1,595
392
81
311
55
256
116
140
2,548
327
2,222
488
1,733
1,526
207
518
307
211
74
137
71
66
Women, 16 years and over ....................
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
46,372
969
45,403
4,196
41,207
36,101
5,106
39,242
799
38,443
3,601
34,842
30,641
4,202
5,108
144
4,964
468
4,496
3,878
618
2,022
26
1,996
128
1,868
1,582
286
15,670
2,517
13,152
1,966
11,186
8,631
2,555
1,270
139
1,131
208
922
825
97
13,330
2,271
11,059
1,661
9,398
7,164
2,234
1,069
107
962
97
866
642
224
2,121
248
1,872
387
1,485
1,341
145
693
280
413
93
320
248
72
Men, 16 years and over ..............
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
54,756
1,242
53,513
4,629
48,884
42,025
6,859
48,834
1,070
47,764
4,162
43,603
37,697
5,905
4,274
151
4,124
377
3,747
3,109
638
1,647
22
1,626
91
1,534
1,219
316
6,383
1,963
4,420
1,124
3,296
1,653
1,643
730
111
618
162
456
386
70
5,314
1,780
3,534
917
2,616
1,171
1,446
339
71
268
45
224
96
128
1,883
232
1,651
342
1,309
1,133
176
391
228
162
56
107
50
57
Women, 16 years and over ....................
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
37,417
815
36,602
3,357
33,245
28,888
4,357
31,577
672
30,905
2,885
28,020
24,447
3,573
4,157
121
4,036
369
3,666
3,132
534
1,684
22
1,662
103
1,559
1,309
250
13,679
2,184
11,496
1,606
9,890
7,601
2,289
947
108
839
161
679
602
76
11,768
1,979
9,789
1,367
8,422
6,418
2,004
964
97
867
78
789
581
208
1,469
172
1,297
255
1,042
925
117
530
211
319
67
252
195
57
Men, 16 years and over ..............
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
6,263
123
6,140
544
5,596
5,061
535
5,574
96
5,477
485
4,992
4,529
463
494
23
471
48
423
373
50
196
3
192
11
181
160
22
764
202
561
156
405
283
122
163
21
142
39
103
96
7
568
176
392
110
282
176
106
33
6
27
7
20
11
9
528
83
446
124
322
300
21
97
63
35
11
24
17
7
Women, 16 years and over ....................
16 to 19 years .............................................
20 years and over .......................................
20 to 24 years ...........................................
25 years and over .....................................
25 to 54 years .........................................
55 years and over ...................................
6,641
122
6,519
643
5,876
5,326
550
5,651
102
5,549
549
5,000
4,543
456
734
17
717
74
643
579
64
256
3
252
20
233
204
29
1,388
244
1,145
250
894
696
198
257
27
230
40
190
176
14
1,059
210
850
196
653
479
174
72
7
65
14
51
41
10
554
68
486
117
369
349
20
130
55
75
21
54
43
12
Total
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time for
for
economic
noneconomic
reasons
reasons
Not
at
work
TOTAL
White
Black
1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their
usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work
during the reference week. Persons absent from work also are classified
according to their usual status.
2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason
for working part time.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
175
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
9. Employed persons by occupation, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Occupation
Men
16 years
and over
1998
1999
Total ............................................................................................ 131,463 133,488
16 years
and over
Women
20 years
and over
16 years
and over
20 years
and over
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
70,693
71,446
67,135
67,761
60,771
62,042
57,278
58,555
Managerial and professional specialty .............................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .....................................
Officials and administrators, public administration .......................
Other executive, administrative, and managerial .........................
Management-related occupations ................................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
Engineers .....................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .........................................
Natural scientists ..........................................................................
Health diagnosing occupations .....................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations ...............................
Teachers, college and university ..................................................
Teachers, except college and university ......................................
Lawyers and judges ......................................................................
Other professional specialty occupations .....................................
38,937
19,054
719
13,635
4,700
19,883
2,052
1,747
519
1,083
2,898
919
4,962
951
4,750
40,467
19,584
745
13,960
4,879
20,883
2,081
1,847
578
1,071
3,019
978
5,277
964
5,068
19,867
10,585
389
8,181
2,015
9,282
1,824
1,243
359
798
428
530
1,225
679
2,196
20,446
10,744
381
8,303
2,060
9,702
1,860
1,272
404
813
431
563
1,325
685
2,348
19,738
10,534
388
8,137
2,008
9,204
1,822
1,235
359
797
427
524
1,208
678
2,154
20,285
10,682
381
8,245
2,056
9,603
1,857
1,267
404
813
430
558
1,301
685
2,289
19,070
8,469
330
5,454
2,685
10,602
228
505
161
285
2,470
389
3,737
272
2,555
20,021
8,840
364
5,657
2,819
11,181
221
575
174
258
2,588
414
3,952
279
2,721
18,890
8,407
329
5,406
2,672
10,483
228
501
160
284
2,467
384
3,683
272
2,502
19,846
8,784
363
5,616
2,805
11,062
221
575
173
257
2,582
407
3,898
278
2,670
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....................................
Technicians and related support ....................................................
Health technologists and technicians ...........................................
Engineering and science technicians ...........................................
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science .................
Sales occupations ..........................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors .........................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services .................
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .......................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .................................
Sales-related occupations ............................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ........................................
Supervisors ...................................................................................
Computer equipment operators ....................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .......................................
Financial records processing ........................................................
Mail and message distributing ......................................................
Other administrative support, including clerical ............................
38,521
4,261
1,733
1,255
1,273
15,850
4,719
2,668
1,584
6,784
94
18,410
698
375
3,599
2,214
984
10,539
38,921
4,355
1,701
1,266
1,388
16,118
4,896
2,735
1,526
6,866
95
18,448
675
356
3,457
2,181
990
10,789
13,792
1,976
319
930
728
7,875
2,829
1,504
1,173
2,344
26
3,941
279
170
85
175
611
2,622
14,079
2,094
320
961
813
8,049
2,891
1,534
1,118
2,476
31
3,936
287
153
73
200
572
2,650
12,973
1,938
312
908
718
7,324
2,809
1,470
1,166
1,855
24
3,711
277
166
80
166
595
2,428
13,155
2,047
313
935
798
7,439
2,868
1,511
1,112
1,918
30
3,669
285
143
68
190
551
2,432
24,728
2,285
1,414
325
545
7,975
1,890
1,165
411
4,440
68
14,469
419
205
3,515
2,039
374
7,917
24,842
2,261
1,380
305
576
8,069
2,005
1,201
408
4,391
64
14,512
388
203
3,383
1,982
417
8,138
22,893
2,251
1,400
314
537
6,778
1,855
1,126
402
3,330
66
13,863
417
202
3,415
2,008
362
7,459
23,049
2,216
1,352
295
570
6,946
1,975
1,169
397
3,344
61
13,887
386
200
3,294
1,952
405
7,650
Service occupations ......................................................................... 17,836
Private household ...........................................................................
847
Protective service ...........................................................................
2,417
Service, except private household and protective .......................... 14,572
Food service .................................................................................
6,071
Health service ...............................................................................
2,480
Cleaning and building service .......................................................
3,112
Personal service ...........................................................................
2,909
17,915
831
2,440
14,644
6,091
2,521
3,021
3,011
7,222
46
1,986
5,190
2,639
285
1,728
537
7,093
40
1,980
5,074
2,576
273
1,647
578
6,237
40
1,948
4,249
1,919
266
1,597
467
6,093
33
1,921
4,138
1,860
259
1,530
489
10,614
801
431
9,382
3,432
2,194
1,384
2,371
10,822
791
460
9,570
3,516
2,249
1,373
2,433
9,436
708
385
8,343
2,726
2,097
1,317
2,203
9,599
701
415
8,482
2,772
2,149
1,308
2,254
Precision production, craft, and repair .............................................. 14,411
Mechanics and repairers ................................................................
4,786
Construction trades ........................................................................
5,594
Other precision production, craft, and repair ..................................
4,031
14,593
4,868
5,801
3,923
13,208
4,592
5,485
3,131
13,286
4,633
5,654
2,999
12,878
4,475
5,319
3,084
12,974
4,532
5,486
2,956
1,203
194
109
900
1,307
235
148
924
1,181
191
104
886
1,270
227
140
903
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................. 18,256
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ............................
7,791
Transportation and material moving occupations ...........................
5,363
Motor vehicle operators ................................................................
4,069
Other transportation and material moving occupations ................
1,294
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ....................
5,102
Construction laborers ...................................................................
821
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .........
4,282
18,167
7,386
5,516
4,202
1,314
5,265
920
4,346
13,769
4,882
4,818
3,601
1,217
4,069
784
3,285
13,793
4,637
4,968
3,718
1,250
4,188
882
3,306
12,736
4,695
4,703
3,517
1,187
3,338
706
2,632
12,748
4,459
4,845
3,619
1,226
3,444
797
2,647
4,487
2,909
545
468
77
1,033
37
996
4,374
2,749
548
484
64
1,077
38
1,039
4,264
2,826
531
455
76
908
35
873
4,161
2,672
535
472
63
954
35
918
3,426
1,134
2,292
2,835
913
1,921
2,749
855
1,895
2,572
905
1,666
2,506
848
1,658
668
274
394
676
280
397
614
270
343
631
278
352
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................................................
Farm operators and managers .......................................................
Other farming, forestry, and fishing occupations ............................
3,502
1,187
2,315
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
176
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
10. Employed persons by occupation, race, and sex
(Percent distribution)
Total
Men
Women
Occupation and race
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
133,488
100.0
70,693
100.0
71,446
100.0
60,771
100.0
62,042
100.0
29.6
14.5
15.1
29.3
3.2
12.1
14.0
13.6
.6
1.8
11.1
11.0
13.9
5.9
4.1
3.9
2.7
30.3
14.7
15.6
29.2
3.3
12.1
13.8
13.4
.6
1.8
11.0
10.9
13.6
5.5
4.1
3.9
2.6
28.1
15.0
13.1
19.5
2.8
11.1
5.6
10.2
.1
2.8
7.3
18.7
19.5
6.9
6.8
5.8
4.0
28.6
15.0
13.6
19.7
2.9
11.3
5.5
9.9
.1
2.8
7.1
18.6
19.3
6.5
7.0
5.9
3.8
31.4
13.9
17.4
40.7
3.8
13.1
23.8
17.5
1.3
.7
15.4
2.0
7.4
4.8
.9
1.7
1.1
32.3
14.2
18.0
40.0
3.6
13.0
23.4
17.4
1.3
.7
15.4
2.1
7.0
4.4
.9
1.7
1.1
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ......................................................................... 110,931
Percent .......................................................................................................................
100.0
112,235
100.0
60,604
100.0
61,139
100.0
50,327
100.0
51,096
100.0
30.7
15.2
15.5
29.3
3.2
12.4
13.7
12.4
.6
1.7
10.1
11.5
13.2
5.5
3.9
3.7
2.9
31.3
15.4
15.9
29.2
3.2
12.4
13.5
12.2
.6
1.7
10.0
11.5
13.0
5.2
4.0
3.8
2.8
29.1
15.8
13.3
19.5
2.7
11.5
5.2
9.2
.1
2.6
6.5
19.4
18.5
6.6
6.5
5.4
4.3
29.5
15.9
13.6
19.7
2.9
11.7
5.1
8.9
1
( )
2.6
6.3
19.4
18.3
6.2
6.6
5.5
4.1
32.6
14.6
18.1
41.1
3.8
13.4
24.0
16.3
1.3
.6
14.4
1.9
6.8
4.3
.8
1.6
1.2
33.4
14.7
18.7
40.6
3.6
13.3
23.6
16.2
1.3
.6
14.3
2.1
6.5
4.0
.8
1.7
1.2
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) .........................................................................
Percent .......................................................................................................................
14,556
100.0
15,056
100.0
6,871
100.0
7,027
100.0
7,685
100.0
8,029
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty .........................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .................................................................
Professional specialty .................................................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ................................................................
Technicians and related support ................................................................................
Sales occupations ......................................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................................................
Service occupations .....................................................................................................
Private household .......................................................................................................
Protective service .......................................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ......................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..........................................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .............................................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................................................
Farming, forestry, and fishing .......................................................................................
20.2
9.4
10.8
29.3
3.0
9.7
16.5
21.6
.8
3.2
17.6
8.0
19.7
8.2
6.0
5.5
1.2
21.5
9.9
11.6
28.9
3.1
9.3
16.5
21.8
.8
3.2
17.7
7.8
18.9
7.6
5.8
5.5
1.1
17.0
8.6
8.4
18.3
2.5
7.8
8.0
17.8
.1
4.8
12.9
14.6
30.1
9.7
11.1
9.3
2.2
18.0
8.5
9.5
18.4
2.7
7.6
8.1
17.4
.1
4.9
12.4
14.3
29.8
9.3
11.0
9.5
2.2
23.2
10.1
13.0
39.1
3.5
11.4
24.2
25.0
1.5
1.7
21.9
2.0
10.4
7.0
1.4
2.0
.3
24.5
11.1
13.5
38.2
3.5
10.8
23.9
25.6
1.5
1.8
22.4
2.1
9.4
6.1
1.3
2.0
.2
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over (thousands) ......................................................................... 131,463
Percent .......................................................................................................................
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty .........................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .................................................................
Professional specialty .................................................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ................................................................
Technicians and related support ................................................................................
Sales occupations ......................................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................................................
Service occupations .....................................................................................................
Private household .......................................................................................................
Protective service .......................................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ......................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..........................................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .............................................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................................................
Farming, forestry, and fishing .......................................................................................
White
Managerial and professional specialty .........................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .................................................................
Professional specialty .................................................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ................................................................
Technicians and related support ................................................................................
Sales occupations ......................................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................................................
Service occupations .....................................................................................................
Private household .......................................................................................................
Protective service .......................................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ......................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..........................................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .............................................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................................................
Farming, forestry, and fishing .......................................................................................
Black
1 Less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
177
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Total, 16 years and over .............................................................................................................................................
133,488
46.5
11.3
10.3
Managerial and professional specialty ...........................................................................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...................................................................................................................
Officials and administrators, public administration .....................................................................................................
Administrators, protective services .............................................................................................................................
Financial managers ....................................................................................................................................................
Personnel and labor relations managers ....................................................................................................................
Purchasing managers .................................................................................................................................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations .............................................................................................
Administrators, education and related fields ...............................................................................................................
Managers, medicine and health .................................................................................................................................
Postmasters and mail superintendents ......................................................................................................................
Managers, food serving and lodging establishments .................................................................................................
Managers, properties and real estate .........................................................................................................................
Management-related occupations ..............................................................................................................................
Accountants and auditors .........................................................................................................................................
Underwriters .............................................................................................................................................................
Other financial officers ..............................................................................................................................................
Management analysts ..............................................................................................................................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ..................................................................................................
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products ........................................................................................
Construction inspectors ............................................................................................................................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .........................................................................................
40,467
19,584
655
51
753
196
138
739
821
716
50
1,489
577
4,879
1,658
131
808
432
542
193
69
254
49.5
45.1
51.1
27.8
51.1
60.4
47.4
37.6
62.5
77.4
55.4
46.1
49.4
57.8
58.6
68.7
51.6
43.2
68.5
54.5
10.6
33.7
8.0
7.6
14.0
11.2
7.0
10.9
8.9
4.8
15.0
8.9
9.9
7.5
6.6
9.8
9.6
14.5
9.5
7.6
11.4
6.3
1.9
15.1
5.0
5.6
4.9
3.6
5.4
6.3
5.6
2.7
4.8
6.6
3.8
8.6
8.9
5.3
4.9
1.7
4.5
3.6
5.3
7.4
12.8
6.7
Professional specialty ...................................................................................................................................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .........................................................................................................................
Architects ..................................................................................................................................................................
Engineers .................................................................................................................................................................
Aerospace engineers ..............................................................................................................................................
Chemical engineers ................................................................................................................................................
Civil engineers ........................................................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .........................................................................................................................
Industrial engineers ................................................................................................................................................
Mechanical engineers .............................................................................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .......................................................................................................................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...............................................................................................................
Operations and systems researchers and analysts ..................................................................................................
Natural scientists ........................................................................................................................................................
Chemists, except biochemists ..................................................................................................................................
Geologists and geodesists .......................................................................................................................................
Biological and life scientists ......................................................................................................................................
Medical scientists .....................................................................................................................................................
Health diagnosing occupations ...................................................................................................................................
Physicians ................................................................................................................................................................
Dentists .....................................................................................................................................................................
Veterinarians ............................................................................................................................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations .............................................................................................................
Registered nurses ....................................................................................................................................................
Pharmacists ..............................................................................................................................................................
Dietitians ...................................................................................................................................................................
Therapists .................................................................................................................................................................
Respiratory therapists .............................................................................................................................................
Occupational therapists ..........................................................................................................................................
Physical therapists ..................................................................................................................................................
Speech therapists ...................................................................................................................................................
Physicians’ assistants ...............................................................................................................................................
Teachers, college and university ................................................................................................................................
Teachers, except college and university ....................................................................................................................
Prekindergarten and kindergarten ............................................................................................................................
Elementary school ....................................................................................................................................................
Secondary school .....................................................................................................................................................
Special education .....................................................................................................................................................
Counselors, educational and vocational .....................................................................................................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................................................................................................................
Librarians ..................................................................................................................................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ..........................................................................................................................
Economists ...............................................................................................................................................................
Psychologists ............................................................................................................................................................
20,883
2,291
194
2,081
79
82
287
639
260
340
1,847
1,549
241
578
136
56
109
100
1,071
720
173
53
3,019
2,128
216
92
517
90
71
144
99
67
978
5,277
600
2,072
1,342
369
247
264
236
460
141
266
53.5
11.0
15.7
10.6
11.5
16.3
9.5
10.1
16.8
7.1
31.1
28.5
46.6
30.1
27.4
4.9
43.8
44.9
24.1
24.5
16.5
27.3
85.7
92.9
49.0
84.0
75.8
60.6
86.9
73.2
93.1
52.6
42.4
74.9
98.4
83.8
57.5
84.4
68.7
82.9
83.7
58.4
51.2
64.9
8.4
4.4
2.3
4.6
7.5
2.7
5.5
6.1
4.1
1.9
7.5
7.4
8.4
3.7
5.7
–
3.2
6.1
4.4
5.7
1.9
2.3
9.1
9.6
5.6
19.5
7.5
17.6
5.5
5.3
1.1
4.3
6.5
9.9
13.4
10.3
7.9
9.1
18.1
7.6
7.7
8.1
6.1
9.9
4.5
3.6
4.4
3.5
4.8
5.0
3.3
4.1
3.2
2.4
3.6
3.4
5.2
3.6
3.5
3.2
4.1
5.3
4.1
4.8
3.1
–
3.4
3.1
3.5
4.6
4.5
3.3
2.2
5.3
4.2
2.6
4.2
5.4
8.2
5.1
5.0
2.8
5.7
4.8
4.8
3.1
1.9
3.5
See footnotes at end of table.
178
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Social, recreation, and religious workers ....................................................................................................................
Social workers ..........................................................................................................................................................
Recreation workers ...................................................................................................................................................
Clergy .......................................................................................................................................................................
Lawyers and judges ....................................................................................................................................................
Lawyers ....................................................................................................................................................................
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes ..................................................................................................................
Authors .....................................................................................................................................................................
Technical writers .......................................................................................................................................................
Designers .................................................................................................................................................................
Musicians and composers ........................................................................................................................................
Actors and directors ..................................................................................................................................................
Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist printmakers ............................................................................................
Photographers ..........................................................................................................................................................
Editors and reporters ................................................................................................................................................
Public relations specialists ........................................................................................................................................
Announcers ..............................................................................................................................................................
Athletes .....................................................................................................................................................................
1,435
813
128
352
964
923
2,454
148
71
722
172
129
252
166
290
190
50
110
56.4
71.4
66.4
14.2
28.9
28.8
49.9
55.2
60.2
56.2
35.6
38.8
54.8
34.5
49.8
61.0
21.4
28.0
18.5
24.2
18.0
10.3
5.2
5.1
6.6
7.3
5.7
3.7
9.2
10.7
5.2
7.1
4.5
7.5
8.9
19.0
6.3
7.4
7.0
5.2
3.9
4.0
5.3
2.3
.1
5.5
7.1
5.1
3.8
8.2
2.7
4.9
9.2
3.4
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..................................................................................................................
Technicians and related support ..................................................................................................................................
Health technologists and technicians .........................................................................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .....................................................................................................
Dental hygienists ......................................................................................................................................................
Radiologic technicians ..............................................................................................................................................
Licensed practical nurses .........................................................................................................................................
Engineering and related technologists and technicians .............................................................................................
Electrical and electronic technicians .........................................................................................................................
Drafting occupations .................................................................................................................................................
Surveying and mapping technicians .........................................................................................................................
Science technicians ....................................................................................................................................................
Biological technicians ...............................................................................................................................................
Chemical technicians ................................................................................................................................................
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science ...............................................................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ..................................................................................................................................
Computer programmers ...........................................................................................................................................
Legal assistants ........................................................................................................................................................
38,921
4,355
1,701
338
106
167
357
973
437
235
67
293
106
79
1,388
143
665
403
63.8
51.9
81.2
78.5
99.1
74.4
95.1
19.1
14.5
18.3
11.0
40.8
64.1
28.9
41.5
3.1
26.3
83.9
11.2
10.7
14.4
19.4
2.8
9.7
18.4
9.7
11.3
6.5
4.5
11.0
6.8
14.9
7.0
2.7
6.4
8.7
8.4
6.4
7.3
5.6
1.5
4.1
5.8
6.2
6.5
5.6
7.9
7.3
4.8
9.9
5.3
4.3
3.8
7.1
Sales occupations ........................................................................................................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors .......................................................................................................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services ...............................................................................................
Insurance sales ........................................................................................................................................................
Real estate sales ......................................................................................................................................................
Securities and financial services sales .....................................................................................................................
Advertising and related sales ...................................................................................................................................
Sales occupations, other business services .............................................................................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .....................................................................................................
Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale .................................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ...............................................................................................................
Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats .................................................................................................................
Sales workers, apparel .............................................................................................................................................
Sales workers, shoes ...............................................................................................................................................
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........................................................................................................
Sales workers, radio, television, hi-fi, and appliances ..............................................................................................
Sales workers, hardware and building supplies .......................................................................................................
Sales workers, parts .................................................................................................................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ............................................................................................................................
Sales counter clerks .................................................................................................................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................................................................................................................
Street and door-to-door sales workers .....................................................................................................................
News vendors ...........................................................................................................................................................
Sales-related occupations ..........................................................................................................................................
Demonstrators, promoters, and models ...................................................................................................................
16,118
4,896
2,735
585
769
541
187
653
1,526
1,488
6,866
320
411
129
181
302
287
173
1,386
198
3,014
365
101
95
66
50.1
40.9
43.9
44.0
53.2
28.5
57.1
41.9
26.8
27.3
63.9
10.7
77.7
53.9
52.0
27.2
25.0
10.1
67.8
63.3
77.0
73.8
45.8
67.7
70.6
8.7
6.1
7.2
5.8
5.5
6.8
11.9
9.5
2.9
2.8
12.5
7.1
13.7
22.4
2.7
7.0
4.9
5.7
9.6
8.8
16.7
9.3
9.5
8.6
11.1
7.9
6.8
5.0
4.6
5.0
3.7
4.1
6.4
5.4
5.4
10.4
8.6
11.7
14.1
7.9
9.3
7.3
14.5
8.6
7.4
12.0
8.9
3.0
3.0
3.7
Administrative support occupations, including clerical .................................................................................................
Supervisors, administrative support ...........................................................................................................................
Supervisors, general office .......................................................................................................................................
Supervisors, financial records processing ................................................................................................................
Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ......................................................................................
Computer equipment operators ..................................................................................................................................
18,448
675
360
82
216
356
78.7
57.5
67.4
81.9
33.1
57.0
13.5
17.5
15.8
13.6
20.5
13.9
9.4
8.2
7.4
10.7
8.9
7.2
See footnotes at end of table.
179
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Computer operators ..................................................................................................................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .....................................................................................................................
Secretaries ...............................................................................................................................................................
Stenographers ..........................................................................................................................................................
Typists ......................................................................................................................................................................
Information clerks .......................................................................................................................................................
Interviewers ..............................................................................................................................................................
Hotel clerks ...............................................................................................................................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents ...........................................................................................................
Receptionists ............................................................................................................................................................
Records processing, except financial .........................................................................................................................
Order clerks ..............................................................................................................................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ...................................................................................................
Library clerks ............................................................................................................................................................
File clerks .................................................................................................................................................................
Records clerks ..........................................................................................................................................................
Financial records processing ......................................................................................................................................
Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks .........................................................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .................................................................................................................................
Billing clerks ..............................................................................................................................................................
Cost and rate clerks ..................................................................................................................................................
Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators ..................................................................................................
Duplicating, mail and other office machine operators .................................................................................................
Communications equipment operators .......................................................................................................................
Telephone operators ................................................................................................................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................................................................................................
Postal clerks, except mail carriers ............................................................................................................................
Mail carriers, postal service ......................................................................................................................................
Mail clerks, except postal service .............................................................................................................................
Messengers ..............................................................................................................................................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks ...............................................................................................
Dispatchers ...............................................................................................................................................................
Production coordinators ............................................................................................................................................
Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks ......................................................................................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ........................................................................................................................................
Expediters .................................................................................................................................................................
Adjusters and investigators ........................................................................................................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ..................................................................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .........................................................................................................
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .................................................................................................................................
Bill and account collectors ........................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous administrative support .........................................................................................................................
General office clerks .................................................................................................................................................
Bank tellers ...............................................................................................................................................................
Data-entry keyers .....................................................................................................................................................
Statistical clerks ........................................................................................................................................................
Teachers’ aides ........................................................................................................................................................
350
3,457
2,781
120
556
2,143
171
125
286
1,091
1,047
270
70
151
345
202
2,181
1,691
146
179
60
105
63
158
142
990
313
332
194
151
1,959
274
208
646
459
264
1,802
472
1,054
102
175
3,616
728
425
746
94
689
57.3
97.9
98.6
92.5
95.5
88.3
84.4
76.1
74.1
95.4
77.8
72.7
83.3
74.4
79.2
82.0
90.8
91.4
88.2
92.0
83.6
88.1
56.7
81.7
83.7
42.2
50.8
31.8
60.5
23.3
45.5
52.6
60.2
33.7
41.8
68.1
75.5
71.3
77.4
85.4
69.8
83.4
81.4
87.7
81.3
83.6
91.0
13.9
10.4
9.5
5.4
15.6
10.7
12.3
15.4
9.8
10.2
16.9
21.5
24.6
9.8
16.2
15.2
8.9
7.6
8.7
15.9
17.9
12.1
20.2
18.6
20.2
21.1
28.4
15.0
24.6
15.2
13.2
14.2
10.0
14.8
12.5
11.1
18.1
15.4
17.8
20.8
24.9
14.4
13.4
13.3
15.6
18.2
13.8
7.3
7.8
7.7
5.7
8.5
11.0
12.5
15.9
10.8
10.3
10.8
12.0
5.4
11.1
11.2
10.3
6.4
5.6
9.3
8.7
13.7
7.4
8.4
13.7
12.2
8.4
7.5
5.6
13.5
9.6
12.8
9.2
4.4
17.9
11.2
13.6
7.9
7.6
7.6
16.1
6.3
11.0
12.0
8.1
10.9
10.2
14.9
Service occupations .......................................................................................................................................................
Private household .........................................................................................................................................................
Child care workers ......................................................................................................................................................
Cleaners and servants ................................................................................................................................................
Protective service .........................................................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................................................
Police and detectives ................................................................................................................................................
Firefighting and fire prevention ...................................................................................................................................
Firefighting ................................................................................................................................................................
Police and detectives ..................................................................................................................................................
Police and detectives, public service ........................................................................................................................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ................................................................................................
Correctional institution officers .................................................................................................................................
Guards ........................................................................................................................................................................
Guards and police, except public services ...............................................................................................................
17,915
831
295
521
2,440
181
96
241
223
1,108
618
175
315
910
763
60.4
95.2
97.4
94.4
18.9
13.2
17.3
2.8
1.9
16.9
14.2
14.4
23.5
26.7
20.7
18.3
15.1
10.2
17.6
19.8
10.6
8.8
10.6
11.1
18.2
15.1
17.3
24.9
26.1
29.0
15.2
29.3
21.5
33.9
8.2
5.0
4.8
6.5
5.4
8.1
9.1
3.6
8.7
9.4
9.6
Service occupations, except private household and protective service .......................................................................
Food preparation and service occupations .................................................................................................................
Supervisors, food preparation and service ...............................................................................................................
Bartenders ................................................................................................................................................................
Waiters and waitresses ............................................................................................................................................
Cooks .......................................................................................................................................................................
14,644
6,091
469
316
1,431
2,078
65.4
57.7
68.3
48.4
77.4
44.0
18.2
11.8
12.9
4.1
5.1
17.4
15.5
16.5
11.6
12.9
10.2
19.9
See footnotes at end of table.
180
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Food counter, fountain and related occupations ......................................................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ............................................................................................................................
Waiters’ and waitresses’ assistants ..........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous food preparation ................................................................................................................................
Health service occupations .........................................................................................................................................
Dental assistants ......................................................................................................................................................
Health aides, except nursing ....................................................................................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ..................................................................................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations ................................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................................................
Maids and housemen ...............................................................................................................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...............................................................................................................................................
Pest control occupations ..........................................................................................................................................
Personal service occupations .....................................................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................................................
Barbers .....................................................................................................................................................................
Hairdressers and cosmetologists .............................................................................................................................
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ......................................................................................................
Public transportation attendants ...............................................................................................................................
Welfare service aides ...............................................................................................................................................
Family child care providers .......................................................................................................................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................................................................................................................
360
293
538
606
2,521
213
338
1,970
3,021
163
663
2,118
70
3,011
134
81
784
247
111
97
469
509
64.5
70.4
49.5
51.8
89.2
96.1
80.5
89.9
45.5
38.6
82.7
35.8
2.8
80.8
71.6
20.3
90.8
39.7
83.5
83.8
98.0
95.3
10.3
13.2
10.6
12.8
31.7
6.7
25.0
35.6
21.9
21.0
25.4
21.0
18.1
16.1
15.5
25.1
11.7
11.5
13.1
30.2
13.9
20.3
13.7
12.6
19.4
26.4
9.9
10.4
10.0
9.8
23.2
21.5
28.1
22.1
12.7
10.5
8.5
11.3
10.1
6.9
7.1
10.7
15.5
10.8
Precision production, craft, and repair ............................................................................................................................
Mechanics and repairers ..............................................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, except supervisors ............................................................................................................
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers .........................................................................................
Automobile mechanics ...........................................................................................................................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .........................................................................................................
Aircraft engine mechanics ......................................................................................................................................
Small engine repairers ............................................................................................................................................
Automobile body and related repairers ...................................................................................................................
Heavy equipment mechanics .................................................................................................................................
Industrial machinery repairers ..................................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment repairers ...........................................................................................................
Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment ............................................................................
Data processing equipment repairers .....................................................................................................................
Telephone line installers and repairers ...................................................................................................................
Telephone installers and repairers .........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers .................................................................................
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics .............................................................................................
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairers ..................................................................................................................
Millwrights ...............................................................................................................................................................
Construction trades ......................................................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................................................
Construction trades, except supervisors ....................................................................................................................
Brickmasons and stonemasons ................................................................................................................................
Tile setters, hard and soft .........................................................................................................................................
Carpet installers ........................................................................................................................................................
Carpenters ................................................................................................................................................................
Drywall installers .......................................................................................................................................................
Electricians ...............................................................................................................................................................
Electrical power installers and repairers ...................................................................................................................
Painters, construction and maintenance ..................................................................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .....................................................................................................................
Concrete and terrazzo finishers ................................................................................................................................
Insulation workers .....................................................................................................................................................
Roofers .....................................................................................................................................................................
Structural metalworkers ............................................................................................................................................
Extractive occupations ..................................................................................................................................................
Precision production occupations .................................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................................................
Precision metalworking ...............................................................................................................................................
Tool and die makers .................................................................................................................................................
Machinists .................................................................................................................................................................
Sheet-metal workers .................................................................................................................................................
Precision woodworking occupations ...........................................................................................................................
Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .....................................................................................................................
Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers ......................................................................................
14,593
4,868
264
4,604
1,768
837
330
147
72
167
160
570
966
217
315
56
249
83
357
927
72
5,801
817
4,985
197
95
129
1,398
187
834
134
603
540
107
57
214
71
130
3,793
1,160
928
142
515
135
114
86
201
9.0
4.8
10.1
4.5
1.6
1.4
.8
4.2
1.8
.7
1.2
2.7
11.1
7.9
15.2
6.9
13.2
4.9
1.3
5.7
2.8
2.5
2.3
2.6
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.2
3.6
2.3
2.1
6.4
1.8
3.5
4.5
1.9
.3
.9
24.3
19.5
7.6
3.9
5.7
6.0
12.0
6.4
51.4
8.0
8.2
9.2
8.1
7.2
8.2
8.3
7.8
1.4
5.9
4.7
10.1
9.3
7.0
9.4
8.6
13.2
6.4
7.0
7.8
7.7
7.0
4.4
7.4
15.7
2.4
5.2
5.1
6.0
7.6
12.8
7.6
6.7
19.4
11.5
8.3
8.1
6.3
9.6
10.8
6.5
3.7
7.0
4.2
3.2
1.9
10.9
12.8
10.0
5.9
10.2
11.3
13.8
8.6
10.4
6.0
12.3
7.0
7.3
8.7
11.2
6.3
7.8
6.9
13.3
11.1
11.0
3.4
15.0
8.5
16.0
17.0
31.0
20.8
15.0
32.2
8.7
7.7
23.1
11.7
20.5
24.7
19.7
6.4
11.6
13.2
10.8
8.5
3.7
8.4
10.3
16.8
16.4
21.3
See footnotes at end of table.
181
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Dressmakers ............................................................................................................................................................
Upholsterers .............................................................................................................................................................
Precision workers, assorted materials ........................................................................................................................
Optical goods workers ..............................................................................................................................................
Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians ..............................................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ......................................................................................................
Precision food production occupations .......................................................................................................................
Butchers and meat cutters ........................................................................................................................................
Bakers ......................................................................................................................................................................
Food batchmakers ....................................................................................................................................................
Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers .....................................................................................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...............................................................................................................................
Plant and system operators ........................................................................................................................................
Water and sewage treatment plant operators ..........................................................................................................
Stationary engineers .................................................................................................................................................
65
69
554
81
53
318
457
260
146
50
131
123
248
58
113
89.8
23.2
53.9
64.5
34.8
63.3
37.1
24.9
44.7
78.0
23.9
24.1
4.0
5.6
.8
8.1
7.3
10.5
6.2
5.3
13.8
13.5
16.8
10.7
4.9
8.6
7.3
8.2
5.1
9.5
10.8
26.1
14.0
6.1
14.4
15.8
28.4
34.5
20.6
19.8
6.5
5.9
8.2
5.7
8.2
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ...............................................................................................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..........................................................................................................
Machine operators and tenders, except precision ......................................................................................................
Metalworking and plastic working machine operators ..............................................................................................
Punching and stamping press machine operators .................................................................................................
Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators ...............................................................................
Metal and plastic processing machine operators .....................................................................................................
Molding and casting machine operators .................................................................................................................
Woodworking machine operators .............................................................................................................................
Sawing machine operators .....................................................................................................................................
Printing machine operators .......................................................................................................................................
Printing press operators .........................................................................................................................................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine operators ................................................................................................
Textile sewing machine operators ..........................................................................................................................
Pressing machine operators ...................................................................................................................................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................................................................................
Machine operators, assorted materials ....................................................................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators ................................................................................................................
Mixing and blending machine operators .................................................................................................................
Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators ...........................................................................................
Painting and paint spraying machine operators .....................................................................................................
Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food .....................................................................................................
Slicing and cutting machine operators ....................................................................................................................
Photographic process machine operators ..............................................................................................................
Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations .........................................................................................
Welders and cutters ................................................................................................................................................
Assemblers .............................................................................................................................................................
Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers ..........................................................................................
Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners ...................................................................................................
Production testers ...................................................................................................................................................
Graders and sorters, except agricultural ................................................................................................................
18,167
7,386
4,675
376
102
114
145
96
143
83
355
277
872
461
79
201
2,757
366
128
52
205
70
153
102
1,995
571
1,246
716
506
57
149
24.1
37.2
37.0
17.1
24.9
16.2
21.7
24.5
16.6
13.5
24.2
17.4
70.8
79.9
78.2
58.4
32.6
61.7
12.3
14.6
13.5
4.3
27.3
53.0
33.7
5.7
44.5
48.3
48.6
25.7
56.3
15.7
15.5
15.9
10.7
12.6
11.3
14.5
16.4
9.0
8.9
9.9
11.3
18.1
15.0
20.1
22.3
17.1
18.1
21.2
14.6
10.9
11.0
13.8
11.9
14.9
9.5
18.5
14.5
13.8
9.2
18.9
16.6
18.5
19.9
12.9
9.9
23.0
14.5
12.7
10.5
11.2
12.2
13.4
28.9
33.2
39.0
25.3
19.8
30.5
23.5
6.5
18.2
8.6
21.7
10.9
14.7
14.9
15.0
19.9
16.0
13.6
35.1
Transportation and material moving occupations .........................................................................................................
Motor vehicle operators ..............................................................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................................................
Truck drivers .............................................................................................................................................................
Drivers-sales workers ...............................................................................................................................................
Bus drivers ................................................................................................................................................................
Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................................................................................
Parking lot attendants ...............................................................................................................................................
Transportation occupations, except motor vehicles ...................................................................................................
Rail transportation ....................................................................................................................................................
Water transportation .................................................................................................................................................
Material moving equipment operators ........................................................................................................................
Operating engineers .................................................................................................................................................
Crane and tower operators .......................................................................................................................................
Excavating and loading machine operators ..............................................................................................................
Grader, dozer, and scraper operators ......................................................................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ......................................................................................................
5,516
4,202
86
3,116
160
490
271
68
163
106
57
1,152
236
74
105
73
544
9.9
11.5
21.8
4.9
10.7
51.1
13.3
13.6
2.4
1.1
4.9
5.2
1.6
4.0
2.1
4.2
7.1
15.9
16.1
13.6
14.1
15.4
24.5
23.9
20.9
15.0
18.2
9.2
15.5
11.1
11.7
5.6
5.2
21.8
11.9
12.4
8.7
12.7
8.0
9.3
16.2
20.8
3.9
3.0
5.6
11.4
4.7
4.5
7.5
5.7
17.4
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................................................................
Helpers, construction and extractive occupations ......................................................................................................
Helpers, construction trades .....................................................................................................................................
Construction laborers .................................................................................................................................................
5,265
112
100
920
20.5
5.5
5.1
4.1
15.7
11.7
12.6
11.2
18.8
18.5
18.8
25.3
See footnotes at end of table.
182
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
11. Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Occupation
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Production helpers ......................................................................................................................................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers .........................................................................................................................
Garbage collectors ...................................................................................................................................................
Stock handlers and baggers .....................................................................................................................................
Machine feeders and offbearers ...............................................................................................................................
Garage and service station related occupations ........................................................................................................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ..................................................................................................................
Hand packers and packagers .....................................................................................................................................
Laborers, except construction ....................................................................................................................................
66
2,060
55
1,172
91
195
280
313
1,286
26.5
24.3
9.5
31.0
41.7
3.8
13.1
61.4
21.6
14.8
17.6
33.1
13.8
29.3
11.4
19.9
14.5
16.2
21.3
14.7
14.2
14.1
13.8
13.1
26.8
28.4
17.0
Farming, forestry, and fishing .........................................................................................................................................
Farm operators and managers .....................................................................................................................................
Farmers, except horticultural ......................................................................................................................................
Horticultural specialty farmers ....................................................................................................................................
Managers, farms, except horticultural ........................................................................................................................
Other agricultural and related occupations ...................................................................................................................
Farm occupations, except managerial ........................................................................................................................
Supervisors, farm workers ........................................................................................................................................
Farm workers ............................................................................................................................................................
Related agricultural occupations ................................................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................................................
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ..........................................................................................................
Animal caretakers, except farm ................................................................................................................................
Graders and sorters, agricultural products ...............................................................................................................
Forestry and logging occupations .................................................................................................................................
Timber cutting and logging occupations ...................................................................................................................
Fishers, hunters, and trappers ......................................................................................................................................
3,426
1,134
900
65
146
2,135
845
53
757
1,289
164
943
120
58
107
66
50
19.7
24.7
26.6
10.4
20.7
18.1
20.2
26.7
18.6
16.7
9.5
6.8
76.0
72.8
7.0
1.3
6.4
5.0
1.0
.7
5.3
.8
7.1
5.0
1.1
5.4
8.5
3.9
10.3
2.0
4.9
5.2
8.4
5.6
23.1
2.9
1.5
13.1
7.4
35.1
45.8
47.5
46.0
28.1
22.2
29.5
5.8
68.2
8.0
4.4
2.3
NOTE: Generally, data for occupations with fewer than 50,000 employed are
not published separately but are included in the totals for the appropriate
categories shown. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population
controls used in the household survey.
183
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
12. Employed white, black, and Hispanic-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time status.
(In thousands)
Total
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Category
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
133,488
71,446
62,042
110,931
60,604
50,327
112,235
61,139
51,096
14,556
6,871
7,685
15,056
7,027
8,029
13,291
8,018
5,273
13,720
8,067
5,653
SEX
Total (all civilian workers) ................................................................... 131,463
Men ................................................................................................... 70,693
Women ............................................................................................. 60,771
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty .............................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .....................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
38,937
19,054
19,883
40,467
19,584
20,883
34,063
16,903
17,160
35,125
17,235
17,890
2,947
1,368
1,579
3,233
1,484
1,749
1,933
1,028
905
2,040
1,097
943
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....................................
Technicians and related support ....................................................
Sales occupations ..........................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ........................................
38,521
4,261
15,850
18,410
38,921
4,355
16,118
18,448
32,490
3,557
13,704
15,229
32,779
3,622
13,956
15,201
4,264
441
1,415
2,408
4,356
467
1,405
2,484
3,186
283
1,245
1,657
3,286
279
1,267
1,740
Service occupations .........................................................................
Private household ...........................................................................
Protective service ...........................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ..........................
17,836
847
2,417
14,572
17,915
831
2,440
14,644
13,807
704
1,892
11,211
13,725
670
1,886
11,168
3,148
116
463
2,569
3,275
126
484
2,666
2,670
262
204
2,204
2,716
244
200
2,271
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................................
Mechanics and repairers ................................................................
Construction trades ........................................................................
Other precision production, craft, and repair ..................................
14,411
4,786
5,594
4,031
14,593
4,868
5,801
3,923
12,729
4,233
5,054
3,441
12,908
4,284
5,275
3,348
1,158
379
398
381
1,174
397
405
371
1,793
496
785
512
1,871
485
869
517
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ............................
Transportation and material moving occupations ...........................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ....................
Construction laborers ...................................................................
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .........
18,256
7,791
5,363
5,102
821
4,282
18,167
7,386
5,516
5,265
920
4,346
14,609
6,146
4,351
4,112
705
3,407
14,535
5,824
4,488
4,223
787
3,436
2,866
1,200
872
795
97
698
2,847
1,143
879
825
103
722
2,917
1,340
640
938
193
745
3,014
1,364
659
992
233
759
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................................................
3,502
3,426
3,233
3,165
172
172
792
793
1,944
1,297
40
1,843
1,280
37
1,802
1,243
38
102
36
–
87
30
670
71
2
654
79
1
121,323
18,903
102,420
933
101,487
8,790
95
99,657
14,686
84,970
785
84,185
8,030
84
101,229
15,141
86,088
741
85,347
7,846
77
13,917
2,877
11,040
146
10,894
497
4
14,416
2,937
11,479
149
11,330
520
3
11,949
1,355
10,594
281
10,312
590
10
12,327
1,426
10,901
257
10,644
651
7
110,302
23,186
90,759
20,172
92,173
20,062
12,429
2,126
12,904
2,152
11,303
1,988
11,767
1,953
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers ...............................................................
2,000
Self-employed workers ...................................................................
1,341
Unpaid family workers ....................................................................
38
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers ............................................................... 119,019
Government .................................................................................... 18,383
Private industries ............................................................................ 100,637
Private households .......................................................................
962
Other industries ............................................................................ 99,674
Self-employed workers .....................................................................
8,962
Unpaid family workers ......................................................................
103
–
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers .............................................................................. 108,202
Part-time workers ............................................................................. 23,261
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
184
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
13. Employed Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban-origin workers by sex, occupation, class of worker, and full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
Category
Total Hispanic
origin1
Mexican origin
Puerto Rican
origin
Cuban origin
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
13,291
8,018
5,273
13,720
8,067
5,653
8,431
5,291
3,140
8,656
5,312
3,344
1,145
615
529
1,165
607
557
612
371
241
681
408
273
Managerial and professional specialty .............................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .....................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
1,933
1,028
905
2,040
1,097
943
985
536
449
1,025
557
468
208
103
105
226
118
108
159
89
70
186
101
84
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....................................
Technicians and related support ....................................................
Sales occupations ..........................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ........................................
3,186
283
1,245
1,657
3,286
279
1,267
1,740
1,845
156
729
961
1,896
163
722
1,011
365
30
118
217
366
25
125
216
210
28
94
88
209
22
84
102
Service occupations .........................................................................
Private household ...........................................................................
Protective service ...........................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ..........................
2,670
262
204
2,204
2,716
244
200
2,271
1,653
130
106
1,417
1,697
130
106
1,461
217
6
39
172
217
4
39
174
85
3
13
69
90
2
10
79
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................................
Mechanics and repairers ................................................................
Construction trades ........................................................................
Other precision production, craft, and repair ..................................
1,793
496
785
512
1,871
485
869
517
1,199
311
554
334
1,290
303
625
361
119
38
33
48
125
47
40
38
66
28
23
15
76
30
33
13
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ............................
Transportation and material moving occupations ...........................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ....................
Construction laborers ...................................................................
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .........
2,917
1,340
640
938
193
745
3,014
1,364
659
992
233
759
2,047
955
422
671
149
521
2,043
933
407
702
185
518
223
105
53
64
9
55
217
95
52
70
7
63
85
24
38
24
3
21
114
45
38
32
3
28
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................................................
792
793
703
706
13
14
7
6
670
71
2
654
79
1
605
56
1
599
66
1
9
1
7
5
2
5
2
11,949
1,355
10,594
281
10,312
590
10
12,327
1,426
10,901
257
10,644
651
7
7,410
833
6,577
139
6,438
351
8
11,303
1,988
11,767
1,953
7,166
1,265
SEX
Total (all civilian workers) ...................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................
OCCUPATION
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers ...............................................................
Self-employed workers ...................................................................
Unpaid family workers ....................................................................
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers ...............................................................
Government ..................................................................................
Private industries ..........................................................................
Private households .....................................................................
Other industries ..........................................................................
Self-employed workers ...................................................................
Unpaid family workers ....................................................................
–
–
–
7,625
894
6,731
138
6,593
361
5
1,100
180
920
7
913
34
1
7,430
1,226
969
176
–
–
1,115
181
934
5
929
42
1
574
60
515
3
511
31
–
638
82
556
3
553
37
–
998
166
531
81
587
94
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers ..............................................................................
Part-time workers .............................................................................
1 Includes persons of Central or South American origin and of other
Hispanic origin, not shown separately.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
185
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
14. Employed persons in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and race
(In thousands)
1999
Manufacturing
Age, sex, and race
Mining
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Nondurable
goods
TransWholesale Finance,
portation
and
insurance,
and
Services1
retail
and real
public
trade
estate
utilities
Public
administration
Total
Total, 16 years and over .....................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
565
5
560
40
521
459
62
8,987
325
8,661
893
7,768
6,820
948
20,070
423
19,647
1,509
18,139
15,689
2,449
12,283
250
12,033
923
11,110
9,570
1,541
7,787
173
7,614
586
7,028
6,120
909
9,554
145
9,409
668
8,741
7,595
1,146
27,572
3,815
23,757
3,962
19,796
16,713
3,083
8,815
197
8,618
775
7,843
6,574
1,269
48,687
1,974
46,713
4,455
42,258
35,554
6,704
5,958
55
5,903
258
5,645
4,815
830
Men, 16 years and over ......................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
495
3
492
37
455
399
57
8,101
294
7,807
816
6,990
6,146
844
13,647
282
13,365
1,048
12,316
10,633
1,684
8,894
175
8,719
689
8,030
6,894
1,136
4,753
107
4,646
359
4,287
3,739
547
6,815
106
6,709
435
6,275
5,399
875
14,448
1,874
12,573
2,037
10,536
8,902
1,635
3,699
73
3,626
243
3,383
2,717
665
18,506
838
17,669
1,719
15,949
13,150
2,800
3,303
27
3,277
134
3,143
2,683
459
Women, 16 years and over ................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
69
1
68
3
65
60
5
886
31
855
77
778
673
104
6,423
141
6,282
460
5,822
5,056
766
3,389
75
3,314
234
3,080
2,676
405
3,034
65
2,968
226
2,742
2,381
361
2,740
39
2,700
233
2,467
2,196
271
13,124
1,940
11,184
1,924
9,260
7,811
1,448
5,115
123
4,992
531
4,461
3,857
604
30,180
1,136
29,044
2,736
26,308
22,404
3,904
2,655
28
2,627
124
2,502
2,132
371
Men, 16 years and over ......................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
465
3
462
33
429
374
55
7,401
279
7,123
745
6,378
5,608
770
11,726
248
11,478
901
10,577
9,076
1,501
7,706
155
7,551
600
6,951
5,935
1,016
4,020
93
3,927
301
3,626
3,141
485
5,568
90
5,478
355
5,124
4,369
754
12,337
1,625
10,712
1,767
8,945
7,484
1,461
3,226
55
3,171
202
2,968
2,351
617
15,398
706
14,692
1,395
13,297
10,844
2,454
2,745
22
2,724
111
2,612
2,207
405
Women, 16 years and over ................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
60
1
59
2
57
52
5
812
30
782
67
715
617
98
5,195
117
5,077
358
4,719
4,060
659
2,755
62
2,693
183
2,510
2,158
352
2,440
56
2,385
175
2,210
1,903
307
2,128
30
2,098
177
1,921
1,687
234
11,143
1,658
9,485
1,586
7,899
6,579
1,319
4,268
99
4,168
413
3,755
3,196
560
24,718
993
23,725
2,195
21,530
18,253
3,277
1,963
25
1,938
96
1,842
1,530
312
20
504
10
494
49
445
389
56
1,322
21
1,300
109
1,192
1,081
111
775
12
763
62
701
627
74
546
9
537
46
491
454
37
978
14
965
68
897
807
90
1,352
171
1,181
192
989
898
91
307
12
295
28
267
232
35
2,016
91
1,925
223
1,701
1,486
215
429
3
426
20
406
368
39
55
814
14
799
79
721
653
68
406
8
398
35
363
328
34
408
6
402
44
358
325
33
489
9
480
45
435
404
31
1,305
214
1,091
254
837
767
69
634
16
618
82
535
507
28
4,145
108
4,036
399
3,637
3,141
496
565
3
562
21
541
493
49
White
Black
Men, 16 years and over ......................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
Women, 16 years and over ................
16 to 19 years .........................................
20 years and over ...................................
20 to 24 years ........................................
25 years and over ..................................
25 to 54 years .......................................
55 years and over .................................
–
20
3
17
15
1
4
–
–
4
–
4
4
–
55
9
46
41
5
1 Includes private housholds.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
186
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
15. Employed persons in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by age, sex, and class of worker
(In thousands)
1999
Agriculture
Nonagricultural industries
Wage and salary workers
Age and sex
Wage and
salary
workers
Selfemployed
workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Private industries
Total
Total
Private
household
workers
Other
private
industries
Selfemployed
Government workers
Unpaid
family
workers
Total, 16 years and over ..................
16 to 19 years ...................................
16 to 17 years .................................
18 to 19 years .................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
1,944
201
89
111
301
476
474
286
146
60
1,297
19
10
9
27
169
298
290
273
221
40
15
8
7
4
3
9
3
4
2
121,323
6,871
2,655
4,216
12,287
28,724
33,331
25,656
11,502
2,951
102,420
6,533
2,542
3,992
11,246
25,071
27,901
19,944
9,227
2,497
933
109
62
47
104
157
207
176
114
66
101,487
6,424
2,480
3,944
11,141
24,914
27,694
19,768
9,113
2,431
18,903
338
113
224
1,041
3,653
5,430
5,711
2,275
454
8,790
59
28
31
264
1,482
2,590
2,381
1,378
637
95
8
4
4
8
12
25
19
12
11
Men, 16 years and over ...................
16 to 19 years ...................................
16 to 17 years .................................
18 to 19 years .................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
1,450
159
69
90
234
364
346
196
102
49
962
18
9
9
23
131
221
204
193
172
20
11
5
6
2
1
2
1
2
63,624
3,457
1,335
2,122
6,310
15,347
17,687
13,126
6,092
1,605
55,346
3,306
1,278
2,028
5,856
13,730
15,358
10,682
5,026
1,387
74
16
9
8
11
9
15
11
7
5
55,272
3,290
1,270
2,020
5,845
13,721
15,343
10,671
5,019
1,382
8,278
151
56
94
454
1,617
2,330
2,443
1,066
218
5,366
35
16
19
155
848
1,551
1,462
883
431
25
6
2
3
5
2
3
2
2
5
Women, 16 years and over .............
16 to 19 years ...................................
16 to 17 years .................................
18 to 19 years .................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
494
42
20
22
67
111
129
91
44
10
335
1
1
1
4
38
77
86
80
49
20
3
2
1
2
2
6
2
2
2
57,699
3,414
1,320
2,094
5,978
13,377
15,644
12,530
5,410
1,346
47,074
3,227
1,263
1,964
5,390
11,340
12,544
9,262
4,201
1,110
859
93
53
40
93
148
192
165
107
61
46,215
3,134
1,210
1,924
5,296
11,192
12,352
9,097
4,094
1,049
10,625
187
57
130
588
2,036
3,100
3,268
1,209
236
3,424
24
12
12
109
633
1,038
919
495
206
70
2
1
1
3
10
23
16
10
6
–
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
187
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
16. Employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex and class of worker
(In thousands)
1999
Industry and sex
Wage and salary workers
Total
employed
Selfemployed
workers
Total
Private
industries
Government
565
8,987
20,070
12,283
7,787
9,554
27,572
5,189
22,383
8,815
48,687
940
47,747
9,046
3,548
2,649
32,370
5,117
6,529
10,896
3,426
6,402
135
5,958
549
7,427
19,685
12,064
7,621
9,120
25,918
4,899
21,019
8,149
44,516
933
43,583
7,787
2,876
2,377
30,452
5,106
6,147
10,794
2,880
5,525
92
5,958
546
6,919
19,609
12,014
7,595
7,513
25,820
4,883
20,937
7,944
34,069
933
33,136
7,725
2,862
2,043
20,466
4,390
5,685
2,729
2,276
5,386
40
–
3
508
76
50
26
1,607
99
16
83
205
10,447
–
10,447
62
14
334
9,986
716
462
8,066
603
139
51
5,958
16
1,545
380
216
164
429
1,621
287
1,333
661
4,138
7
4,131
1,247
666
271
1,904
11
377
101
545
871
43
–
495
8,101
13,647
8,894
4,753
6,815
14,448
3,530
10,918
3,699
18,506
79
18,427
5,760
1,237
1,516
9,808
1,202
1,376
3,367
592
3,271
107
3,303
482
6,651
13,390
8,726
4,664
6,458
13,577
3,321
10,256
3,277
16,486
74
16,412
4,944
1,029
1,346
9,023
1,199
1,166
3,342
569
2,747
70
3,303
479
6,205
13,341
8,690
4,651
5,362
13,531
3,311
10,220
3,180
13,248
74
13,174
4,910
1,024
1,139
6,069
959
1,064
963
419
2,664
33
–
3
446
49
36
13
1,096
46
10
36
97
3,237
–
3,237
35
5
207
2,954
239
102
2,380
150
83
36
3,303
14
1,446
255
166
88
355
860
209
652
422
2,013
5
2,008
812
205
171
783
3
210
24
22
524
37
–
69
886
6,423
3,389
3,034
2,740
13,124
1,659
11,465
5,115
30,180
861
29,320
3,286
2,311
1,132
22,562
3,915
5,153
7,529
2,834
3,131
28
2,655
67
776
6,295
3,338
2,957
2,661
12,341
1,578
10,763
4,872
28,031
859
27,172
2,842
1,847
1,031
21,429
3,907
4,981
7,452
2,310
2,778
22
2,655
67
714
6,268
3,325
2,944
2,151
12,289
1,572
10,717
4,764
20,821
859
19,962
2,815
1,838
904
14,398
3,431
4,622
1,766
1,857
2,722
7
–
Unpaid
family
workers
TOTAL
Mining ...........................................................................................................
Construction .................................................................................................
Manufacturing ...............................................................................................
Durable goods ............................................................................................
Nondurable goods ......................................................................................
Transportation and public utilities .................................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................
Wholesale trade ..........................................................................................
Retail trade .................................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate .............................................................
Services ........................................................................................................
Private households .....................................................................................
Other service industries ..............................................................................
Business, automobile, and repair .............................................................
Personal, except private households ........................................................
Entertainment and recreation ...................................................................
Professional ..............................................................................................
Hospitals .................................................................................................
Health services, except hospitals ...........................................................
Educational .............................................................................................
Social services ........................................................................................
Other .......................................................................................................
Forestry and fisheries ...............................................................................
Public administration ....................................................................................
–
15
4
2
2
6
33
2
31
4
33
–
32
12
6
1
14
–
5
1
1
7
–
–
Men
Mining ...........................................................................................................
Construction .................................................................................................
Manufacturing ...............................................................................................
Durable goods ............................................................................................
Nondurable goods ......................................................................................
Transportation and public utilities .................................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................
Wholesale trade ..........................................................................................
Retail trade .................................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate .............................................................
Services ........................................................................................................
Private households .....................................................................................
Other service industries ..............................................................................
Business, automobile, and repair .............................................................
Personal, except private households ........................................................
Entertainment and recreation ...................................................................
Professional ..............................................................................................
Hospitals .................................................................................................
Health services, except hospitals ...........................................................
Educational .............................................................................................
Social services ........................................................................................
Other .......................................................................................................
Forestry and fisheries ...............................................................................
Public administration ....................................................................................
–
4
2
1
1
1
10
–
10
–
7
–
7
3
2
–
1
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
Women
Mining ...........................................................................................................
Construction .................................................................................................
Manufacturing ...............................................................................................
Durable goods ............................................................................................
Nondurable goods ......................................................................................
Transportation and public utilities .................................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................
Wholesale trade ..........................................................................................
Retail trade .................................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate .............................................................
Services ........................................................................................................
Private households .....................................................................................
Other service industries ..............................................................................
Business, automobile, and repair .............................................................
Personal, except private households ........................................................
Entertainment and recreation ...................................................................
Professional ..............................................................................................
Hospitals .................................................................................................
Health services, except hospitals ...........................................................
Educational .............................................................................................
Social services ........................................................................................
Other .......................................................................................................
Forestry and fisheries ...............................................................................
Public administration ....................................................................................
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
188
–
63
27
14
13
511
52
6
46
108
7,210
–
7,210
27
9
127
7,031
477
360
5,686
453
56
15
2,655
2
99
126
50
76
74
760
79
681
239
2,125
2
2,123
435
460
100
1,121
8
167
77
523
347
7
–
–
11
2
1
1
4
23
2
21
4
25
–
25
8
4
1
12
–
4
1
1
6
–
–
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
17. Employed persons by industry, sex, race, and occupation
(In thousands)
1999
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry and sex
TOTAL
Agriculture ..............................
Mining .....................................
Construction ...........................
Manufacturing .........................
Durable goods ......................
Nondurable goods ................
Transportation and public
utilities ...............................
Wholesale and retail trade ......
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ...........................
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .........................
Services ..................................
Private households ...............
Other service industries ........
Professional services ..........
Public administration ..............
Men
Agriculture ..............................
Mining .....................................
Construction ...........................
Manufacturing .........................
Durable goods ......................
Nondurable goods ................
Transportation and public
utilities ...............................
Wholesale and retail trade ......
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ...........................
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .........................
Services ..................................
Private households ...............
Other service industries ........
Professional services ..........
Public administration ..............
Women
Agriculture ..............................
Mining .....................................
Construction ...........................
Manufacturing .........................
Durable goods ......................
Nondurable goods ................
Transportation and public
utilities ...............................
Wholesale and retail trade ......
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ...........................
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .........................
Services ..................................
Private households ...............
Other service industries ........
Professional services ..........
Public administration ..............
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Precision
Total
producExecutive,
TechniAdminisemtion,
adminisployed
Profescians
trative
Private
craft,
trative,
Other
and
sional
Sales support, houseand
and
service1
specialty related
including
hold
repair
manasupport
clerical
gerial
3,281
565
8,987
20,070
12,283
7,787
118
83
1,379
2,955
1,799
1,156
97
69
159
1,981
1,286
694
53
19
60
645
440
205
9,554
27,572
5,189
22,383
1,340
2,597
630
1,967
557
618
158
461
8,815
48,687
940
47,747
32,370
5,958
2,664
7,061
6
7,056
4,307
1,386
380
16,031
5
16,026
13,796
992
200
2,533
3
2,530
2,074
229
2,432
495
8,101
13,647
8,894
4,753
67
57
1,114
1,981
1,245
736
68
63
140
1,515
1,074
440
6,815
14,448
3,530
10,918
844
1,441
385
1,056
3,699
18,506
79
18,427
9,808
3,303
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
Machine
operators,
assemblers,
and
inspectors
Transportation
and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and
laborers
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
15
7
67
736
351
385
149
35
406
1,883
1,067
816
–
–
–
–
–
–
15
6
33
242
125
117
36
198
5,224
3,883
2,715
1,168
10
24
108
5,896
3,504
2,391
48
102
543
726
394
332
18
21
984
1,035
520
515
2,722
1
22
88
82
7
359
275
256 11536
50 2,047
207 9,489
2,386
2,314
819
1,495
–
–
–
–
304
5,174
52
5,122
1,335
1,432
324
1,108
123
346
118
229
2,318
1,149
523
625
546
2,049
406
1,643
14
99
62
38
2,224
1,230
–
1,230
210
28
2,780
7,242
9
7,234
5,333
1,253
–
831
831
–
–
–
294
9,275
56
9,219
5,536
1,741
177
2,119
3
2,116
463
189
10
847
–
847
167
22
12
575
2
573
301
42
23
547
13
535
91
42
50
395
13
382
90
34
9
16
52
487
355
132
9
7
50
482
251
231
7
9
30
590
369
222
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
5
24
179
94
85
35
193
5,094
3,221
2,267
955
7
22
104
3,703
2,399
1,304
48
101
530
676
371
305
14
21
941
726
389
337
2,162
1
21
85
80
6
414
292
105
187
302
101
38
62
144
5,573
1,506
4,067
991
578
223
355
–
–
–
–
164
2,393
32
2,361
1,246
1,239
303
936
106
202
78
124
2,117
1,070
507
562
476
1,518
332
1,186
13
44
20
23
1,233
3,321
2
3,319
1,689
687
195
6,482
2
6,480
5,112
535
92
901
2
899
553
134
1,233
537
–
537
69
14
503
984
–
984
565
243
–
–
–
–
197
2,695
5
2,690
1,091
1,392
166
1,909
2
1,907
383
182
6
470
–
470
73
16
10
381
2
379
133
35
19
438
12
426
64
36
45
349
13
336
75
29
849
69
886
6,423
3,389
3,034
51
27
265
974
554
420
29
6
20
466
212
254
43
3
8
158
85
73
6
–
17
254
99
155
142
25
376
1,292
698
594
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
1
9
63
31
32
1
4
130
662
448
213
3
2
4
2,193
1,106
1,087
1
1
13
49
23
26
3
43
309
131
178
560
–
1
3
2
1
2,740
13,124
1,659
11,465
496
1,156
245
912
143
327
53
274
57
156
11
144
130
5,964
542
5,422
1,395
1,736
596
1,140
–
–
–
–
140
2,781
19
2,762
89
194
21
172
16
145
40
105
201
79
16
63
70
532
74
457
1
55
41
14
5,115
30,180
861
29,320
22,562
2,655
1,431
3,741
4
3,737
2,618
699
185
9,549
3
9,546
8,685
457
108
1,632
1
1,631
1,521
96
991
693
–
693
140
14
2,277
6,258
8
6,250
4,768
1,010
–
791
791
–
–
–
98
6,580
52
6,528
4,445
349
11
210
–
209
81
6
4
377
–
377
94
5
2
194
–
194
168
7
4
109
1
108
27
6
5
46
See footnotes at end of table.
189
40
40
–
–
46
15
5
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
17. Employed persons by industry, sex, race, and occupation — Continued
(In thousands)
1999
Managerial and
professional
specialty
Industry and sex
White
Agriculture ..............................
Mining .....................................
Construction ...........................
Manufacturing .........................
Durable goods ......................
Nondurable goods ................
Transportation and public
utilities ...............................
Wholesale and retail trade ......
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ...........................
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .........................
Services ..................................
Private households ...............
Other service industries ........
Professional services ..........
Public administration ..............
Black
Agriculture ..............................
Mining .....................................
Construction ...........................
Manufacturing .........................
Durable goods ......................
Nondurable goods ................
Transportation and public
utilities ...............................
Wholesale and retail trade ......
Wholesale trade ....................
Retail trade ...........................
Finance, insurance, and
real estate .........................
Services ..................................
Private households ...............
Other service industries ........
Professional services ..........
Public administration ..............
Technical, sales, and
administrative
support
Operators,
fabricators,
and laborers
Service
Precision
Total
producExecutive,
TechniAdminisemtion,
adminisployed
Profescians
trative
Private
craft,
trative,
Other
and
sional
Sales support, houseand
and
service1
specialty related
including
hold
repair
manasupport
clerical
gerial
Machine
operators,
assemblers,
and
inspectors
Transportation
and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and
laborers
Farming,
forestry,
and
fishing
3,083
526
8,213
16,921
10,460
6,460
111
79
1,311
2,735
1,677
1,058
90
65
133
1,729
1,110
619
51
17
48
523
353
170
14
7
63
679
331
348
147
31
378
1,636
944
692
–
–
–
–
–
–
13
5
26
187
102
86
34
184
4,812
3,321
2,338
983
9
20
96
4,633
2,798
1,835
43
96
481
579
315
264
15
19
843
818
419
400
2,554
1
20
80
74
5
7,696
23,480
4,576
18,905
1,169
2,241
562
1,679
459
552
143
409
324
226
46
180
234
9,894
1,892
8,002
1,808
1,993
705
1,289
–
–
–
–
222
4,310
39
4,272
1,137
1,287
294
994
95
287
93
193
1,848
949
430
519
388
1,655
319
1,336
12
86
54
32
7,494
40,116
747
39,369
26,710
4,708
2,329
6,145
5
6,140
3,704
1,115
316
13,761
5
13,757
11,877
784
168
2,082
3
2,079
1,699
182
2,016
1,031
–
1,031
175
19
2,219
6,027
7
6,020
4,462
961
–
670
670
–
–
–
229
6,672
33
6,639
3,887
1,390
139
1,843
2
1,841
401
151
5
664
–
664
124
15
8
447
1
446
231
34
21
431
11
420
75
32
44
341
9
332
75
26
117
24
560
2,135
1,181
954
1
1
41
111
59
52
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
46
18
28
12
305
382
238
144
1
3
8
918
514
404
3
3
48
129
72
57
3
1
108
176
87
90
104
–
2
8
6
2
1,467
2,657
376
2,282
67
534
7
527
157
93
18
75
24
44
21
23
404
170
80
89
133
302
63
238
2
6
3
3
941
6,161
150
6,010
4,225
994
56
2,140
18
2,122
1,441
300
32
165
–
164
47
29
3
139
–
139
38
4
3
112
–
112
64
8
1
93
1
92
12
7
5
38
4
35
13
6
2
–
13
93
58
35
1
7
66
40
25
2
33
9
24
1
3
20
174
81
94
121
181
30
151
57
26
6
20
24
15
3
12
35
1,059
70
989
444
229
74
155
–
–
–
–
214
609
1
608
426
205
39
1,371
–
1,370
1,213
148
15
308
–
308
270
33
135
134
–
134
26
6
437
927
–
927
675
247
–
126
126
–
–
–
–
–
1 Includes protective service, not shown separately.
1
–
used in the household survey.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
190
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Employed persons by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Industry
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Total, 16 years and over .........................................................................................................................
133,488
46.5
11.3
10.3
Agriculture ..................................................................................................................................................
Agricultural production, crops ...................................................................................................................
Agricultural production, livestock ..............................................................................................................
Veterinary services ...................................................................................................................................
Landscape and horticultural services .......................................................................................................
3,281
958
998
215
920
25.9
25.3
25.8
74.2
11.7
3.6
3.4
1.8
.5
6.5
22.4
33.4
7.9
2.7
29.0
Mining .........................................................................................................................................................
Coal mining ...............................................................................................................................................
Oil and gas extraction ...............................................................................................................................
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel .........................................................................................
565
85
330
110
12.3
3.5
16.4
8.5
4.3
2.0
4.9
3.8
10.1
.7
11.6
11.2
Construction ...............................................................................................................................................
8,987
9.9
6.2
13.5
Manufacturing .............................................................................................................................................
Durable goods ..........................................................................................................................................
Lumber and wood products, except furniture .........................................................................................
Logging .................................................................................................................................................
Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork ....................................................................................................
Wood buildings and mobile homes .......................................................................................................
Miscellaneous wood products ..............................................................................................................
Furniture and fixtures ..............................................................................................................................
Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products ..............................................................................................
Glass and glass products .....................................................................................................................
Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products ................................................................................
Structural clay, pottery, and related products .......................................................................................
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products .......................................................................
Metal industries ......................................................................................................................................
Primary metal industries .......................................................................................................................
Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling, and finishing mills ........................................................................
Iron and steel foundries ......................................................................................................................
Primary aluminum industries ..............................................................................................................
Other primary metal industries ...........................................................................................................
Fabricated metal industries ..................................................................................................................
Cutlery, hand tools, and general hardware .........................................................................................
Fabricated structural metal products ..................................................................................................
Screw machine products ....................................................................................................................
Metal forging and stampings ..............................................................................................................
Miscellaneous and not specified fabricated metal products ...............................................................
Machinery and computing equipment .....................................................................................................
Engines and turbines ............................................................................................................................
Farm machinery and equipment ...........................................................................................................
Construction and material handling machines ......................................................................................
Metal working machinery ......................................................................................................................
Computers and related equipment .......................................................................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ......................................................................................
Household appliances ..........................................................................................................................
Radio, T.V., and communication equipment .........................................................................................
Transportation equipment .......................................................................................................................
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment .......................................................................................
Aircraft and parts ..................................................................................................................................
Ship and boat building and repairing ....................................................................................................
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts ..........................................................................................
Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment ...........................................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches .......................................................................
Scientific and controlling instruments ...................................................................................................
Medical, dental, and optical instruments and supplies .........................................................................
20,070
12,283
824
126
429
102
168
661
629
202
222
84
121
2,052
760
299
107
162
193
1,292
119
532
64
140
389
2,436
64
105
236
317
552
1,900
103
416
2,326
1,323
480
184
245
68
743
205
418
32.0
27.6
19.0
4.9
21.3
21.3
22.0
30.9
24.0
30.5
14.5
34.1
23.8
21.0
15.7
13.2
8.5
12.6
26.2
24.1
36.4
20.0
23.0
22.3
25.8
23.9
28.6
20.7
17.5
19.6
35.4
38.3
32.8
35.1
23.4
25.0
23.3
16.7
22.2
20.3
41.7
35.4
47.7
10.6
9.6
9.5
5.9
9.8
8.7
12.2
8.4
9.3
8.5
10.0
5.7
12.0
10.6
11.9
12.4
17.9
8.1
10.9
9.9
9.4
8.5
6.3
11.1
10.2
7.3
7.2
11.1
9.4
4.4
8.8
8.6
10.0
10.3
12.6
15.6
8.4
11.5
6.4
7.9
8.5
6.9
7.7
11.2
9.5
11.3
2.7
9.9
18.2
17.1
13.9
12.0
7.8
13.8
12.5
15.4
11.7
10.9
8.3
11.8
13.4
12.4
12.1
13.5
11.7
19.4
8.7
13.7
7.4
8.5
3.2
4.2
6.8
7.5
8.8
5.4
8.9
6.3
5.8
7.2
3.6
9.8
3.9
8.5
4.5
11.0
See footnotes at end of table.
191
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Employed persons by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Industry
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Photographic equipment and supplies .................................................................................................
Toys, amusements, and sporting goods .................................................................................................
Miscellaneous and not specified manufacturing industries ....................................................................
108
148
564
30.6
37.9
40.3
13.7
7.6
10.9
3.4
14.1
16.7
Nondurable goods ....................................................................................................................................
Food and kindred products .....................................................................................................................
Meat products .......................................................................................................................................
Dairy products ......................................................................................................................................
Canned, frozen, and preserved fruits and vegetables ..........................................................................
Grain mill products ................................................................................................................................
Bakery products ....................................................................................................................................
Sugar and confectionary products ........................................................................................................
Beverage industries ..............................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous and not specified food and kindred products ................................................................
Textile mill products ................................................................................................................................
Knitting mills .........................................................................................................................................
Carpets and rugs ..................................................................................................................................
Yarn, thread, and fabric mills ................................................................................................................
Apparel and other finished textile products ............................................................................................
Apparel and accessories, except knit ...................................................................................................
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products .............................................................................................
Paper and allied products .......................................................................................................................
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills ........................................................................................................
Miscellaneous paper and pulp products ...............................................................................................
Paperboard containers and boxes ........................................................................................................
Printing, publishing, and allied products .................................................................................................
Newspaper publishing and printing ......................................................................................................
Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers ............................................................
Chemicals and allied products ................................................................................................................
Plastics, synthetics, and resins .............................................................................................................
Drugs ....................................................................................................................................................
Soaps and cosmetics ...........................................................................................................................
Paints, varnishes, and related products ...............................................................................................
Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals ...............................................................................................
Petroleum and coal products ..................................................................................................................
Petroleum refining ................................................................................................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .........................................................................................
Tires and inner tubes ............................................................................................................................
Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting ....................................................................
Miscellaneous plastics products ...........................................................................................................
Leather and leather products ..................................................................................................................
7,787
1,644
475
144
180
148
228
98
193
179
524
86
93
271
733
583
150
640
233
210
197
1,802
531
1,271
1,234
137
367
166
64
455
186
154
891
114
150
627
87
39.0
33.8
37.5
28.1
40.9
25.1
32.1
44.4
24.4
35.4
43.0
63.9
40.9
40.6
67.5
67.5
67.4
26.5
21.0
32.7
26.3
44.4
45.3
44.1
34.7
26.1
48.2
49.2
22.0
24.4
20.6
19.0
30.6
8.8
31.3
34.3
45.3
12.3
15.0
22.4
8.9
8.3
7.8
15.1
8.7
14.7
16.9
21.8
24.8
16.3
23.7
10.7
11.6
7.3
11.7
11.0
9.9
14.5
8.3
9.8
7.6
12.7
13.7
12.1
16.3
14.3
12.1
7.6
8.1
11.0
14.7
12.0
10.1
7.2
13.9
20.5
34.4
6.5
23.2
12.8
15.1
21.2
8.7
17.3
10.6
8.1
13.6
9.1
30.4
32.0
24.3
9.5
5.6
10.0
13.4
7.9
6.0
8.7
10.7
18.1
8.8
16.5
17.9
6.8
5.3
5.5
11.0
4.8
11.0
12.1
20.6
Transportation, communications, and other public utilities .........................................................................
Transportation ..........................................................................................................................................
Railroads ................................................................................................................................................
Bus service and urban transit .................................................................................................................
Taxicab service .......................................................................................................................................
Trucking service .....................................................................................................................................
Warehousing and storage ......................................................................................................................
U.S. Postal Service .................................................................................................................................
Water transportation ...............................................................................................................................
Air transportation ....................................................................................................................................
Services incidental to transportation .......................................................................................................
Communications .......................................................................................................................................
Radio and television broadcasting and cable .........................................................................................
Telephone communications ....................................................................................................................
Utilities and sanitary services ...................................................................................................................
Electric light and power ..........................................................................................................................
Gas and steam supply systems ..............................................................................................................
9,554
6,198
299
613
150
2,513
174
887
222
903
426
1,888
470
1,403
1,468
572
166
28.7
26.7
9.6
34.7
13.1
14.7
26.9
39.3
20.6
35.2
61.7
40.3
36.5
41.5
22.1
22.1
23.4
15.4
16.2
14.4
24.5
32.6
14.5
16.2
21.3
12.8
13.0
8.0
15.7
13.3
16.4
11.3
8.8
11.7
9.3
10.3
7.0
12.9
15.9
9.8
17.5
6.5
8.9
9.8
16.1
7.5
6.9
7.7
7.6
5.8
5.7
See footnotes at end of table.
192
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Employed persons by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Industry
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Electric and gas, and other combinations ...............................................................................................
Water supply and irrigation .....................................................................................................................
Sanitary services ....................................................................................................................................
161
262
295
29.0
24.9
14.8
6.6
10.3
18.5
6.8
9.0
11.7
Wholesale and retail trade ..........................................................................................................................
Wholesale trade ........................................................................................................................................
Durable goods ........................................................................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment ..............................................................................................................
Furniture and home furnishings ............................................................................................................
Lumber and construction materials ......................................................................................................
Professional and commercial equipment and supplies ........................................................................
Metals and minerals, except petroleum ................................................................................................
Electrical goods ....................................................................................................................................
Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies ...........................................................................................
Machinery, equipment, and supplies ....................................................................................................
Scrap and waste materials ...................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous wholesale trade, durable goods ....................................................................................
Nondurable goods ..................................................................................................................................
Paper and paper products ....................................................................................................................
Drugs, chemicals, and allied products ..................................................................................................
Apparel, fabrics, and notions ................................................................................................................
Groceries and related products ............................................................................................................
Farm products-raw materials ................................................................................................................
Petroleum products ..............................................................................................................................
Alcoholic beverages .............................................................................................................................
Farm supplies .......................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous nondurable goods and not specified wholesale trade ...................................................
27,572
5,189
2,842
238
115
229
516
93
348
275
710
146
171
2,347
139
242
155
941
84
131
118
149
388
47.6
32.0
29.5
24.2
34.0
25.7
35.8
23.2
31.8
26.5
25.3
21.2
48.5
34.9
52.0
43.1
57.5
27.8
27.4
29.0
19.9
24.5
44.1
9.6
7.2
5.8
8.7
8.2
3.9
8.1
10.1
5.1
2.8
3.5
11.8
5.1
8.9
9.2
9.0
8.6
10.5
4.8
10.8
8.4
5.8
6.7
11.5
11.1
8.3
9.8
6.5
11.4
6.1
8.1
8.4
9.2
6.4
16.5
10.1
14.5
9.4
10.5
19.0
20.4
5.0
5.1
12.2
8.2
11.2
Retail trade ...............................................................................................................................................
Lumber and building material retailing ....................................................................................................
Hardware stores .....................................................................................................................................
Retail nurseries and garden stores .........................................................................................................
Department stores ..................................................................................................................................
Variety stores ..........................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores ...........................................................................................
Grocery stores ........................................................................................................................................
Retail bakeries ........................................................................................................................................
Motor vehicle dealers .............................................................................................................................
Auto and home supply stores .................................................................................................................
Gasoline service stations ........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous vehicle dealers ................................................................................................................
Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe ...........................................................................................
Shoe stores ............................................................................................................................................
Furniture and home furnishings stores ...................................................................................................
Household appliance stores ...................................................................................................................
Radio, TV, and computer stores .............................................................................................................
Music stores ...........................................................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places .....................................................................................................................
Drug stores .............................................................................................................................................
Liquor stores ...........................................................................................................................................
Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores ...........................................................................................
Book and stationery stores .....................................................................................................................
Jewelry stores .........................................................................................................................................
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops ...........................................................................................................
Catalog and mail order houses ...............................................................................................................
Vending machine operators ....................................................................................................................
Direct selling establishments ..................................................................................................................
Fuel dealers ............................................................................................................................................
Retail florists ...........................................................................................................................................
22,383
644
215
131
2,282
137
167
3,065
213
1,233
486
378
144
791
147
644
88
508
124
6,735
661
143
426
314
188
222
178
75
395
92
181
51.2
27.4
33.8
37.8
65.6
73.3
59.4
51.6
58.3
20.7
19.0
37.3
24.7
73.0
48.8
42.1
26.2
27.0
36.8
52.7
65.9
45.0
46.4
52.7
65.7
81.8
62.2
34.2
75.0
25.9
74.3
10.2
8.1
6.7
2.2
14.8
19.8
16.8
11.3
6.5
7.3
7.7
11.2
.1
13.0
23.1
7.4
13.6
6.8
7.2
10.5
13.3
8.9
5.7
8.7
5.7
6.3
10.2
8.0
7.4
1.4
2.3
11.6
6.4
10.2
7.4
10.2
13.4
9.5
10.9
16.3
10.5
14.3
8.0
3.9
11.3
13.7
8.8
11.4
8.2
10.3
15.7
8.4
8.6
6.3
4.8
8.4
5.9
8.9
5.9
11.2
4.9
8.0
See footnotes at end of table.
193
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Employed persons by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Industry
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...........................................................................................................
Banking .....................................................................................................................................................
Savings institutions, including credit unions .............................................................................................
Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies ...................................................................
Insurance ..................................................................................................................................................
Real estate, including real estate-insurance offices .................................................................................
8,815
1,918
261
1,004
2,527
2,293
58.0
68.8
80.3
40.2
61.5
49.5
10.7
14.2
8.2
6.7
10.8
8.4
7.4
7.8
4.1
4.6
5.8
10.4
Services ......................................................................................................................................................
Private households ...................................................................................................................................
Other service industries ............................................................................................................................
Business, automobile, and repair services .............................................................................................
Advertising ............................................................................................................................................
Services to dwellings and other buildings .............................................................................................
Personnel supply services ....................................................................................................................
Computer and data processing services ..............................................................................................
Detective and protective services .........................................................................................................
Automotive rental and leasing, without drivers .....................................................................................
Automobile parking and carwashes ......................................................................................................
Automotive repair and related services ................................................................................................
Electrical repair shops ..........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous repair services ..............................................................................................................
48,687
940
47,747
9,046
284
820
1,066
2,079
593
189
242
1,152
113
542
62.0
91.6
61.4
36.3
56.4
47.6
58.9
30.0
24.9
33.2
21.6
10.4
15.7
14.9
12.7
16.0
12.6
11.5
7.7
17.9
21.3
6.3
27.9
11.9
16.5
7.5
3.2
3.3
8.9
27.5
8.6
11.2
8.1
25.6
11.8
4.4
9.5
8.9
21.9
14.2
11.9
13.9
Personal services, except private household .........................................................................................
Hotels and motels .................................................................................................................................
Lodging places, except hotels and motels ............................................................................................
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services .............................................................................................
Beauty shops ........................................................................................................................................
Barber shops ........................................................................................................................................
Funeral service and crematories ..........................................................................................................
3,548
1,388
153
477
911
80
103
65.1
58.0
40.1
58.8
89.9
21.5
39.0
13.3
15.7
2.8
14.7
12.2
24.5
16.6
15.5
21.0
6.2
22.3
10.3
12.2
6.3
Entertainment and recreation services ...................................................................................................
Theaters and motion pictures ...............................................................................................................
Video tape rental ..................................................................................................................................
Bowling centers ....................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services ..........................................................................
2,649
711
127
52
1,758
42.8
36.8
56.7
37.5
44.3
10.0
10.8
5.7
8.4
10.0
8.0
8.3
7.2
.5
8.2
Professional and related services ...........................................................................................................
Hospitals ...............................................................................................................................................
Health services, except hospitals .........................................................................................................
Offices and clinics of physicians .........................................................................................................
Offices and clinics of dentists .............................................................................................................
Offices and clinics of chiropractors .....................................................................................................
Offices and clinics of optometrists ......................................................................................................
Nursing and personal care facilities ....................................................................................................
Educational services .............................................................................................................................
Elementary and secondary schools ....................................................................................................
Colleges and universities ....................................................................................................................
Vocational schools ..............................................................................................................................
Libraries ..............................................................................................................................................
Social services ......................................................................................................................................
Job training and vocational rehabilitation services .............................................................................
Child day care services ......................................................................................................................
Family child care homes .....................................................................................................................
Residential care facilities, without nursing ..........................................................................................
Other professional services ..................................................................................................................
Legal services .....................................................................................................................................
Museums, art galleries, and zoos .......................................................................................................
Labor unions .......................................................................................................................................
32,370
5,117
6,529
1,624
694
142
77
1,786
10,896
7,451
2,919
92
189
3,426
225
1,038
481
537
6,402
1,365
121
63
69.7
76.5
78.9
74.6
76.6
64.9
64.9
86.7
69.1
75.8
52.1
45.8
78.5
82.7
56.5
95.1
97.5
73.4
48.9
56.6
64.0
40.8
13.1
16.7
15.6
6.6
4.4
1.9
1.2
25.5
11.4
11.9
10.7
10.5
9.1
19.5
15.8
20.1
14.0
25.0
6.9
7.0
11.2
10.6
7.1
5.8
8.0
8.6
6.8
6.5
9.6
7.2
7.4
7.8
6.5
8.1
9.6
9.9
5.4
9.5
15.7
7.8
5.1
6.4
4.0
8.5
See footnotes at end of table.
194
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
18. Employed persons by detailed industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Percent of total:
Industry
Total
employed
Women
Black
Hispanic
origin
Religious organizations ......................................................................................................................
Engineering, architectural, and surveying services ............................................................................
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services ................................................................................
Research, development, and testing services ....................................................................................
Management and public relations services ........................................................................................
Miscellaneous professional and related services ...............................................................................
947
965
781
610
928
288
52.0
21.6
57.3
47.1
46.2
59.5
9.4
4.0
5.0
7.0
6.5
4.2
5.7
4.8
4.6
4.9
3.2
2.0
Forestry and fisheries .............................................................................................................................
Forestry ................................................................................................................................................
Fishing, hunting, and trapping ..............................................................................................................
135
72
63
21.1
27.3
14.0
4.4
2.2
6.9
7.1
10.8
2.9
Public administration ..................................................................................................................................
Executive and legislative offices ...............................................................................................................
Justice, public order, and safety ...............................................................................................................
Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy ..........................................................................................
Administration of human resources programs ..........................................................................................
Administration of environmental quality and housing programs ...............................................................
Administration of economic programs ......................................................................................................
National security and international affairs .................................................................................................
5,958
153
2,532
353
809
245
557
627
44.6
58.9
33.5
66.5
68.7
42.2
42.3
39.7
16.7
6.2
16.0
17.7
23.8
9.3
16.0
16.3
6.8
2.9
7.3
7.2
7.6
4.6
4.6
6.1
NOTE: Generally, data for industries with fewer than 50,000 employed
are not published separately but are included in the totals for the
appropriate categories shown. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect
revised population controls used in the household survey.
195
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
19. Persons at work in agriculture and nonagricultural industries by hours of work
1999
Thousands of persons
Hours of work
Percent distribution
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
All
industries
Agriculture
Nonagricultural
industries
Total, 16 years and over .............................................................
128,081
3,132
124,948
100.0
100.0
100.0
1 to 34 hours .................................................................................
1 to 4 hours .................................................................................
5 to 14 hours ...............................................................................
15 to 29 hours .............................................................................
30 to 34 hours .............................................................................
30,913
1,230
4,844
15,339
9,500
913
67
197
436
213
30,000
1,164
4,647
14,903
9,286
24.1
1.0
3.8
12.0
7.4
29.2
2.1
6.3
13.9
6.8
24.0
.9
3.7
11.9
7.4
35 hours and over .........................................................................
35 to 39 hours .............................................................................
40 hours ......................................................................................
41 hours and over .......................................................................
41 to 48 hours ...........................................................................
49 to 59 hours ...........................................................................
60 hours and over .....................................................................
97,167
8,670
47,955
40,542
14,722
14,986
10,834
2,219
160
826
1,234
231
366
637
94,948
8,510
47,129
39,309
14,491
14,620
10,198
75.9
6.8
37.4
31.7
11.5
11.7
8.5
70.8
5.1
26.4
39.4
7.4
11.7
20.3
76.0
6.8
37.7
31.5
11.6
11.7
8.2
Average hours, total at work .........................................................
Average hours, persons who usually work full time ......................
39.6
43.4
41.9
48.1
39.5
43.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
NOTE: Detail on persons at work in tables 19-23 may not sum to the totals
shown because of minor editing problems associated with the redesigned
survey. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
20. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours in all and nonagricultural industries by reason for working less than 35 hours and usual full- or
part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
All industries
Nonagricultural industries
Reason for working less than 35 hours
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total
Usually
work
full time
Usually
work
part time
Total, 16 years and over ...................................................................
30,913
10,079
20,834
30,000
9,807
20,193
Economic reasons ................................................................................
Slack work or business conditions ......................................................
Could only find part-time work ............................................................
Seasonal work ....................................................................................
Job started or ended during week ......................................................
3,357
1,968
1,079
147
162
1,281
1,021
–
97
162
2,076
947
1,079
50
–
3,189
1,861
1,056
115
157
1,193
962
–
74
157
1,996
899
1,056
41
–
Noneconomic reasons ..........................................................................
Child-care problems ...........................................................................
Other family or personal obligations ...................................................
Health or medical limitations ...............................................................
In school or training ............................................................................
Retired or Social Security limit on earnings ........................................
Vacation or personal day ....................................................................
Holiday, legal or religious ...................................................................
Weather-related curtailment ...............................................................
All other reasons .................................................................................
27,556
856
5,629
712
6,463
1,984
3,239
966
824
6,884
8,798
86
746
–
100
–
3,239
966
824
2,837
18,758
770
4,882
712
6,363
1,984
–
–
–
4,047
26,811
843
5,476
674
6,320
1,863
3,188
956
781
6,710
8,614
84
727
–
97
–
3,188
956
781
2,781
18,197
759
4,749
674
6,223
1,863
–
–
–
3,929
Average hours:
Economic reasons ..............................................................................
Noneconomic reasons ........................................................................
23.1
21.5
24.0
25.7
22.5
19.6
23.2
21.6
24.1
25.8
22.6
19.6
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
196
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
21. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by class of worker and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Industry and class of worker
Total
at
work
Average hours
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
For
economic
reasons
Total 16 years and over .......................................................... 124,948
30,000
Wage and salary workers ......................................................... 116,602
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,189
8,614
18,197
94,948
39.5
43.3
27,370
2,852
8,073
16,444
89,232
39.5
43.1
Mining .....................................................................................
525
44
8
29
7
481
48.1
48.6
Construction ...........................................................................
7,200
1,235
271
594
370
5,966
41.1
42.6
Manufacturing .........................................................................
Durable goods ......................................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................................
19,081
11,703
7,378
2,167
1,212
955
265
123
142
1,209
755
454
694
334
360
16,914
10,491
6,423
42.7
43.1
42.0
43.6
43.8
43.3
Transportation and public utilities ...........................................
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................................
8,751
25,086
7,887
1,368
8,145
1,469
158
935
79
616
1,192
632
594
6,018
758
7,383
16,941
6,418
42.5
37.2
40.3
44.3
43.4
42.5
Service industries ...................................................................
Private households ...............................................................
All other industries ................................................................
Public administration ..............................................................
42,345
897
41,447
5,727
11,913
516
11,397
1,029
1,099
71
1,028
37
3,096
47
3,049
706
7,718
398
7,319
287
30,432
381
30,051
4,698
38.1
28.7
38.3
40.7
42.7
41.8
42.7
41.9
Self-employed workers .............................................................
Unpaid family workers ..............................................................
8,252
95
2,577
54
334
3
536
5
1,707
46
5,675
41
40.1
33.4
46.7
45.7
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
197
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
22. Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by age, sex, race, marital status, and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Age, sex, race, and marital status
Total
at
work
Average hours
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
For
economic
reasons
Total, 16 years and over ........................................................ 124,948
16 to 19 years ...........................................................................
6,706
16 to 17 years .........................................................................
2,591
18 to 19 years .........................................................................
4,115
20 years and over ..................................................................... 118,242
20 to 24 years .........................................................................
12,184
25 years and over ................................................................... 106,059
25 to 54 years .......................................................................
90,523
55 years and over .................................................................
15,536
30,000
4,690
2,303
2,387
25,310
3,864
21,447
16,545
4,902
Men, 16 years and over .........................................................
16 to 19 years ...........................................................................
16 to 17 years .........................................................................
18 to 19 years .........................................................................
20 years and over .....................................................................
20 to 24 years .........................................................................
25 years and over ...................................................................
25 to 54 years .......................................................................
55 years and over .................................................................
66,785
3,396
1,305
2,091
63,389
6,316
57,073
48,518
8,554
Women, 16 years and over ...................................................
16 to 19 years ...........................................................................
16 to 17 years .........................................................................
18 to 19 years .........................................................................
20 years and over .....................................................................
20 to 24 years .........................................................................
25 years and over ...................................................................
25 to 54 years .......................................................................
55 years and over .................................................................
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,189
329
74
255
2,860
527
2,334
2,028
306
8,614
234
42
192
8,380
734
7,645
6,527
1,118
18,197
4,127
2,187
1,940
14,070
2,603
11,468
7,990
3,477
94,948
2,016
288
1,728
92,932
8,320
84,612
73,978
10,635
39.5
25.2
19.0
29.2
40.3
36.4
40.8
41.4
37.4
43.3
39.5
37.7
39.8
43.4
41.5
43.6
43.6
43.1
11,255
2,217
1,137
1,079
9,038
1,629
7,408
5,265
2,143
1,501
165
41
124
1,336
274
1,062
912
151
4,094
124
23
101
3,969
335
3,634
3,053
581
5,660
1,928
1,074
854
3,732
1,020
2,712
1,300
1,412
55,531
1,179
168
1,011
54,351
4,687
49,664
43,253
6,411
42.4
26.7
19.9
31.0
43.2
38.4
43.7
44.4
39.9
44.8
40.2
38.3
40.5
44.9
42.6
45.2
45.3
44.4
58,163
3,309
1,285
2,024
54,853
5,867
48,986
42,004
6,982
18,745
2,473
1,166
1,307
16,272
2,234
14,038
11,280
2,758
1,688
164
33
131
1,524
253
1,271
1,116
155
4,520
110
19
91
4,410
399
4,011
3,474
537
12,536
2,199
1,113
1,085
10,338
1,582
8,756
6,690
2,066
39,418
836
120
717
38,581
3,633
34,948
30,724
4,224
36.2
23.7
18.1
27.2
37.0
34.3
37.3
37.8
34.2
41.2
38.6
36.9
38.9
41.3
40.3
41.4
41.5
41.1
White, 16 years and over ...................................................... 104,657
Men ...........................................................................................
56,959
Women .....................................................................................
47,698
25,565
9,575
15,990
2,478
1,196
1,282
7,200
3,525
3,675
15,887
4,853
11,034
79,092
47,384
31,707
39.6
42.6
36.0
43.5
45.0
41.3
14,388
6,704
7,684
3,157
1,160
1,997
551
233
319
1,054
397
657
1,552
531
1,022
11,231
5,544
5,687
39.0
40.9
37.3
41.8
43.3
40.5
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present ..........................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated ............................................
Single (never married) .............................................................
40,363
7,963
18,459
4,918
1,188
5,149
599
216
686
2,549
538
1,007
1,771
434
3,456
35,445
6,775
13,311
44.2
42.9
38.1
45.5
44.6
43.2
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present ..........................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated ............................................
Single (never married) .............................................................
30,953
11,667
15,542
9,881
2,962
5,903
666
383
639
2,431
1,020
1,070
6,784
1,559
4,194
21,072
8,706
9,639
36.3
38.5
34.5
41.1
41.7
41.1
TOTAL
Race
Black, 16 years and over ......................................................
Men ...........................................................................................
Women .....................................................................................
Marital status
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
198
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
23. Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by sex and usual full- or part-time status
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Worked 1 to 34 hours
Occupation and sex
Average hours
For noneconomic
reasons
Total
at
work
Total, 16 years and over1 ................................................................... 124,812
Total
For
economic
reasons
29,988
Worked
35 hours
or more
Total
at
work
Persons who
usually work
full time
Usually
work
full
time
Usually
work
part
time
3,182
8,593
18,214
94,824
39.5
43.3
Managerial and professional specialty ...................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........................................
Professional specialty ...........................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........................................
Technicians and related support ..........................................................
Sales occupations ................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..............................................
Service occupations ...............................................................................
Private household .................................................................................
Protective service .................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..........................
38,571
18,951
19,620
37,460
4,201
15,528
17,731
17,181
799
2,331
14,051
14,089
17,510
7,127
5,284
5,100
7,246
2,746
4,500
10,597
912
4,613
5,071
6,678
462
382
5,833
1,963
3,505
1,045
924
1,537
466
154
312
849
55
463
331
847
63
36
748
380
640
209
150
281
2,919
1,335
1,584
2,564
328
765
1,470
955
42
146
767
1,031
1,125
478
308
339
3,861
1,257
2,603
7,184
529
3,384
3,270
4,876
358
200
4,319
552
1,740
358
466
917
31,326
16,205
15,120
26,864
3,289
10,915
12,660
10,503
336
1,949
8,218
12,126
14,005
6,082
4,360
3,563
42.0
43.9
40.2
37.7
39.4
38.7
36.4
34.9
28.5
42.4
34.0
42.2
40.4
40.9
43.3
36.8
44.7
45.7
43.7
42.3
42.2
44.6
40.4
42.1
41.5
44.9
41.4
43.3
43.1
42.2
45.9
41.4
Men, 16 years and over1 ....................................................................
66,484
11,162
1,494
4,062
5,606
55,322
42.4
44.9
Managerial and professional specialty ...................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........................................
Professional specialty ...........................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........................................
Technicians and related support ..........................................................
Sales occupations ................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..............................................
Service occupations ...............................................................................
Private household .................................................................................
Protective service .................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..........................
19,760
10,440
9,320
13,676
2,031
7,827
3,818
6,861
39
1,896
4,926
12,842
13,344
4,505
4,774
4,065
2,526
1,089
1,437
2,549
310
1,457
782
1,973
24
260
1,689
1,705
2,409
515
727
1,166
208
79
129
224
21
135
68
280
4
23
252
340
442
101
125
217
1,246
601
645
748
149
333
266
338
3
113
221
933
797
267
267
264
1,072
409
664
1,578
140
989
449
1,355
16
123
1,215
432
1,169
148
335
686
17,234
9,351
7,882
11,127
1,721
6,371
3,035
4,888
15
1,636
3,237
11,137
10,935
3,990
4,047
2,899
45.1
46.4
43.5
41.8
41.9
43.0
39.3
38.0
27.7
43.6
35.9
42.4
41.4
42.1
44.1
37.3
46.7
47.7
45.7
45.0
43.6
46.7
42.3
43.4
42.7
45.5
42.4
43.4
43.9
43.0
46.2
41.7
Women, 16 years and over1 ...............................................................
58,328
18,826
1,688
4,531
12,607
39,502
36.2
41.2
Managerial and professional specialty ...................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........................................
Professional specialty ...........................................................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........................................
Technicians and related support ..........................................................
Sales occupations ................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ..............................................
Service occupations ...............................................................................
Private household .................................................................................
Protective service .................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..........................
18,811
8,511
10,300
23,784
2,170
7,701
13,913
10,320
760
435
9,125
1,248
4,166
2,621
510
1,035
4,719
1,657
3,063
8,047
602
3,156
4,289
4,705
438
122
4,144
259
1,096
529
197
370
258
75
183
625
34
328
263
567
58
13
495
40
198
109
25
64
1,673
733
939
1,816
179
432
1,204
617
38
33
546
98
327
211
40
76
2,788
849
1,940
5,606
389
2,396
2,821
3,521
342
77
3,103
120
571
210
131
231
14,092
6,854
7,238
15,737
1,568
4,544
9,624
5,615
321
313
4,981
989
3,070
2,092
313
665
38.8
40.7
37.3
35.3
37.0
34.2
35.6
32.8
28.5
37.2
33.0
39.3
37.5
38.8
35.7
34.9
42.4
43.1
41.7
40.5
40.5
41.7
39.9
40.9
41.4
42.0
40.8
41.7
40.6
40.7
41.8
40.0
1 Excludes farming, forestry, and fishing occupations.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
199
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
24. Unemployed persons by marital status, race, age, and sex
Men
Marital status, race, and age
Thousands of
persons
Women
Unemployment
rates
1998
1999
Total, 16 years and over .............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
3,266
1,034
435
1,798
3,066
990
411
1,665
4.4
2.4
4.8
8.5
White, 16 years and over ............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
2,431
836
334
1,261
2,274
797
320
1,157
Black, 16 years and over ............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
671
133
84
455
Total, 25 years and over .............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
1999
4.1
2.2
4.6
7.8
2,944
985
628
1,332
2,814
921
585
1,308
4.6
2.9
4.9
7.8
4.3
2.7
4.5
7.4
3.9
2.2
4.5
7.4
3.6
2.1
4.3
6.7
2,053
808
449
797
1,999
749
427
823
3.9
2.7
4.4
6.3
3.8
2.5
4.2
6.3
626
130
77
419
8.9
3.9
6.9
15.4
8.2
3.8
6.3
14.0
756
120
156
480
684
119
134
430
9.0
4.5
7.0
13.5
7.8
4.2
6.1
11.7
1,998
980
415
602
1,870
925
393
553
3.2
2.3
4.8
5.5
3.0
2.1
4.5
4.9
1,926
878
590
458
1,805
828
544
433
3.6
2.7
4.8
5.4
3.3
2.5
4.3
4.9
White, 25 years and over ............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
1,516
790
318
407
1,415
744
305
366
2.8
2.1
4.4
4.7
2.6
2.0
4.3
4.2
1,361
717
418
226
1,294
671
396
227
3.1
2.5
4.3
3.8
2.9
2.4
4.0
3.8
Black, 25 years and over ............................................
Married, spouse present ...................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .....................................
Single (never married) ......................................................
373
126
81
166
345
120
74
152
6.0
3.8
6.8
9.5
5.4
3.6
6.2
8.4
471
109
151
211
423
107
127
188
6.8
4.3
6.9
9.5
5.9
4.0
5.9
8.1
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population
1999
Unemployment
rates
1998
NOTE:
1998
Thousands of
persons
controls used in the household survey.
200
1998
1999
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
25. Unemployed persons by occupation and sex
Thousands of
persons
Occupation
Unemployment rates
Total
Total
1999
Total, 16 years and over1 .......................................................................
6,210
5,880
4.5
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.6
4.3
Managerial and professional specialty .........................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .................................................
Professional specialty .................................................................................
722
343
380
770
376
394
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.8
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.0
1.9
Technical, sales, and administrative support ................................................
Technicians and related support ................................................................
Sales occupations ......................................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ....................................................
1,550
96
745
710
1,477
101
714
662
3.9
2.2
4.5
3.7
3.7
2.3
4.2
3.5
3.3
2.3
3.3
4.0
3.2
2.6
3.0
3.7
4.2
2.1
5.6
3.6
3.9
1.9
5.4
3.4
Service occupations .....................................................................................
Private household .......................................................................................
Protective service .......................................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ......................................
1,216
74
85
1,057
1,081
67
72
943
6.4
8.0
3.4
6.8
5.7
7.4
2.9
6.0
6.3
8.7
3.1
7.5
5.5
6.0
2.4
6.7
6.4
8.0
5.0
6.3
5.8
7.5
4.9
5.7
Precision production, craft, and repair ..........................................................
Mechanics and repairers ............................................................................
Construction trades ....................................................................................
Other precision production, craft, and repair ..............................................
630
149
338
143
607
136
330
142
4.2
3.0
5.7
3.4
4.0
2.7
5.4
3.5
4.1
3.1
5.6
3.1
3.9
2.6
5.3
3.1
4.8
2.3
10.4
4.6
5.2
4.8
8.8
4.7
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .............................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........................................
Transportation and material moving occupations .......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ................................
Construction laborers ...............................................................................
Other handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers .....................
1,304
494
279
531
136
395
1,207
440
235
532
140
392
6.7
6.0
4.9
9.4
14.2
8.4
6.2
5.6
4.1
9.2
13.2
8.3
6.3
5.0
4.8
9.6
14.2
8.4
5.9
4.7
4.0
9.4
13.0
8.4
7.7
7.6
6.3
8.8
16.0
8.5
7.3
7.2
5.3
8.4
18.2
8.0
Farming, forestry, and fishing .......................................................................
244
249
6.5
6.8
6.1
6.2
8.0
9.0
No previous work experience .......................................................................
16 to 19 years ............................................................................................
20 to 24 years ............................................................................................
25 years and over ......................................................................................
520
361
80
80
469
328
67
74
–
–
–
–
1999
–
–
–
–
1998
Women
1998
1 Includes a small number of persons whose last job was in the Armed
Forces.
1998
Men
–
–
–
–
1999
–
–
–
–
1998
–
–
–
–
1999
–
–
–
–
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
201
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
26. Unemployed persons by industry and sex
Thousands of
persons
Industry
Unemployment rates
Total
Total
1999
1999
Total, 16 years and over .........................................................................
6,210
5,880
4.5
4.2
4.4
4.1
4.6
4.3
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .........................................
4,873
4,590
4.6
4.3
4.5
4.1
4.8
4.5
Mining .........................................................................................................
Construction ...............................................................................................
20
532
33
520
3.2
7.5
5.7
7.0
3.4
7.7
5.8
7.1
1.8
5.9
5.4
5.8
Manufacturing .............................................................................................
Durable goods ..........................................................................................
Lumber and wood products ....................................................................
Funiture and fixtures ...............................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..............................................................
Primary metal industries .........................................................................
Fabricated metal products ......................................................................
Machinery, except electrical ...................................................................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ......................................
Transportation equipment .......................................................................
Automobiles .........................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ...........................................................
Professional and photographic equipment .............................................
Other durable goods industries ..............................................................
Nondurable goods ....................................................................................
Food and kindred products .....................................................................
Textile mill products ................................................................................
Apparel and other textile products ..........................................................
Paper and allied products .......................................................................
Printing and publishing ...........................................................................
Chemicals and allied products ................................................................
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .........................................
Other nondurable goods industries ........................................................
816
426
43
26
18
27
49
78
54
72
47
25
20
38
390
111
29
76
18
67
34
38
16
739
434
41
26
19
20
53
77
65
69
39
30
24
40
305
74
26
66
18
48
28
33
12
3.9
3.4
5.2
3.8
3.1
3.6
3.5
3.1
2.7
3.0
3.4
2.4
2.5
5.6
4.7
6.4
4.7
8.8
2.6
3.8
2.5
3.8
4.6
3.6
3.5
5.2
4.0
2.9
2.5
4.0
3.1
3.3
2.9
2.9
3.0
3.2
5.6
3.9
4.4
4.8
8.6
2.8
2.8
2.2
3.6
3.7
3.3
3.0
5.3
3.5
2.4
3.4
3.4
2.9
2.4
2.6
3.0
2.1
2.0
4.2
3.7
5.2
3.7
6.0
2.4
3.5
2.1
3.1
4.0
3.1
3.2
5.4
3.2
2.8
2.7
3.8
3.1
2.7
2.4
2.1
2.9
2.8
5.3
3.0
3.2
3.6
6.7
2.8
2.9
1.7
2.8
2.5
5.2
4.2
4.8
4.6
5.4
4.8
3.7
3.8
3.3
4.4
4.9
3.5
3.4
7.5
6.2
8.6
5.9
10.1
3.3
4.2
3.3
5.5
5.9
4.7
4.3
4.4
5.7
3.5
1.5
4.8
3.1
4.3
4.5
5.2
3.5
3.7
6.4
5.2
6.6
6.4
9.5
2.6
2.6
3.1
5.3
6.6
Transportation and public utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ..........................................................................................
Communications and other public utilities ................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ..........................................................................
Wholesale trade ........................................................................................
Retail trade ...............................................................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...........................................................
Service industries .......................................................................................
Professional services ................................................................................
Other service industries ............................................................................
254
185
69
1,493
185
1,308
197
1,562
593
968
235
164
71
1,422
156
1,266
191
1,450
546
903
3.4
4.0
2.4
5.5
3.7
6.0
2.5
4.5
2.9
6.9
3.0
3.4
2.4
5.2
3.1
5.7
2.3
4.1
2.6
6.2
3.3
4.0
2.1
5.1
3.4
5.7
2.3
4.7
2.5
6.5
3.0
3.5
2.0
4.5
2.6
5.1
2.4
4.2
2.3
5.7
3.5
4.0
2.9
6.0
4.6
6.2
2.6
4.4
3.1
7.3
3.2
3.3
3.1
6.0
4.1
6.2
2.3
4.0
2.7
6.8
Agricultural wage and salary workers ...........................................................
Government, self-employed, and unpaid famiy workers ..............................
No previous work experience .......................................................................
180
636
520
189
631
469
8.3
2.2
–
8.9
2.1
–
7.9
2.0
–
8.6
2.1
–
9.3
2.3
–
9.6
2.1
–
used in the household survey.
202
1998
Women
1998
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
1998
Men
1999
1998
1999
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
27. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Reason
Total,
16 years
and over
Men,
20 years
and over
Women,
20 years
and over
Both sexes,
16 to 19
years
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
6,210
2,822
866
1,957
1,353
603
734
2,132
520
5,880
2,622
848
1,774
1,225
549
783
2,005
469
2,580
1,588
483
1,105
763
343
318
611
63
2,433
1,459
475
984
685
299
336
592
46
2,424
1,053
322
731
527
204
330
944
97
2,285
990
310
680
481
199
333
866
96
1,205
181
61
120
64
56
86
577
361
1,162
173
63
110
59
51
114
547
328
45.5
13.9
31.5
11.8
34.3
8.4
44.6
14.4
30.2
13.3
34.1
8.0
61.5
18.7
42.8
12.3
23.7
2.4
60.0
19.5
40.4
13.8
24.3
1.9
43.4
13.3
30.2
13.6
39.0
4.0
43.3
13.6
29.7
14.6
37.9
4.2
15.0
5.1
10.0
7.2
47.9
30.0
14.9
5.4
9.5
9.8
47.1
28.2
2.1
.5
1.5
.4
1.9
.6
1.4
.3
2.3
.5
.9
.1
2.1
.5
.8
.1
1.8
.6
1.6
.2
1.6
.5
1.4
.2
2.2
1.0
7.0
4.4
2.1
1.4
6.6
3.9
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total unemployed ..................................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ..........
On temporary layoff ................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ..........................................................
Permanent job losers ............................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ..............................
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
On temporary layoff ...............................................................
Not on temporary layoff .........................................................
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
203
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
28. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
White
Black
Hispanic origin
Reason for unemployment
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
6,210
2,822
866
1,957
1,353
603
734
2,132
520
5,880
2,622
848
1,774
1,225
549
783
2,005
469
4,484
2,116
716
1,399
988
412
568
1,467
333
4,273
1,968
702
1,266
892
374
617
1,385
303
1,426
585
116
469
300
170
133
558
151
1,309
529
111
418
269
149
134
516
131
1,026
471
146
325
206
119
95
346
113
945
444
155
289
185
104
91
317
93
45.5
13.9
31.5
11.8
34.3
8.4
44.6
14.4
30.2
13.3
34.1
8.0
47.2
16.0
31.2
12.7
32.7
7.4
46.1
16.4
29.6
14.4
32.4
7.1
41.0
8.1
32.9
9.3
39.1
10.6
40.4
8.5
31.9
10.2
39.4
10.0
46.0
14.3
31.7
9.3
33.7
11.0
47.0
16.4
30.6
9.7
33.5
9.8
2.1
.5
1.5
.4
1.9
.6
1.4
.3
1.8
.5
1.3
.3
1.7
.5
1.2
.3
3.7
.8
3.5
.9
3.2
.8
3.2
.8
3.3
.7
2.4
.8
3.0
.6
2.2
.6
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Total, 16 years and over ........................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ..........
On temporary layoff ................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ..........................................................
Permanent job losers ............................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ..............................
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
On temporary layoff ...............................................................
Not on temporary layoff .........................................................
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .........
Job leavers ..............................................................................
Reentrants ...............................................................................
New entrants ...........................................................................
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.
204
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
29. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and duration of unemployment
(Percent distribution)
1999
Total unemployed
Duration of unemployment
Reason, sex, and age
15 weeks and over
Thousands
of persons
Percent
Total, 16 years and over .............................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ................
On temporary layoff ......................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ................................................................
Permanent job losers ..................................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ....................................
Job leavers .....................................................................................
Reentrants ......................................................................................
New entrants ..................................................................................
5,880
2,622
848
1,774
1,225
549
783
2,005
469
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
43.7
43.7
55.5
38.1
35.6
43.7
51.1
41.0
42.4
31.2
31.2
31.6
31.1
31.0
31.3
29.2
31.5
32.3
25.2
25.1
12.9
30.8
33.4
25.1
19.6
27.5
25.2
12.8
14.5
9.3
17.1
18.7
13.4
10.3
11.9
11.8
12.3
10.5
3.7
13.8
14.7
11.7
9.4
15.6
13.5
Men, 20 years and over ..............................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ................
On temporary layoff ......................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ................................................................
Permanent job losers ..................................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ....................................
Job leavers .....................................................................................
Reentrants ......................................................................................
New entrants ..................................................................................
2,433
1,459
475
984
685
299
336
592
46
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.1
41.4
51.8
36.3
33.8
42.0
48.2
33.0
33.5
30.8
32.0
34.3
30.9
30.4
32.1
28.7
29.5
27.1
29.0
26.6
13.9
32.7
35.7
25.9
23.1
37.5
39.4
14.2
15.2
10.6
17.4
18.9
13.8
11.1
14.1
9.0
14.8
11.4
3.3
15.4
16.8
12.1
11.9
23.4
30.4
Women, 20 years and over ........................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ................
On temporary layoff ......................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ................................................................
Permanent job losers ..................................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ....................................
Job leavers .....................................................................................
Reentrants ......................................................................................
New entrants ..................................................................................
2,285
990
310
680
481
199
333
866
96
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.6
43.5
56.9
37.3
35.1
42.6
49.2
40.1
34.1
31.0
30.7
30.1
31.0
31.4
30.3
30.3
31.6
29.3
26.4
25.8
13.1
31.6
33.5
27.1
20.5
28.3
36.7
13.6
15.1
8.2
18.2
20.0
13.6
11.4
12.5
16.1
12.8
10.7
4.8
13.4
13.5
13.4
9.1
15.8
20.6
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years .........................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ................
On temporary layoff ......................................................................
Not on temporary layoff ................................................................
Permanent job losers ..................................................................
Persons who completed temporary jobs ....................................
Job leavers .....................................................................................
Reentrants ......................................................................................
New entrants ..................................................................................
1,162
173
63
110
59
51
114
547
328
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
53.1
65.0
76.2
58.7
59.6
57.5
65.4
51.0
46.1
32.2
27.4
18.8
32.3
34.2
30.1
27.5
33.6
34.0
14.7
7.5
4.9
9.0
6.1
12.4
7.2
15.3
19.9
8.5
6.2
3.8
7.5
5.6
9.7
4.5
8.6
10.9
6.2
1.4
1.1
1.5
.5
2.6
2.7
6.8
9.0
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
used in the household survey.
30. Unemployed total and full-time workers by duration of unemployment
Total
Duration of unemployment
Thousands of persons
Full-time workers
Percent distribution
Thousands of persons
Percent distribution
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
Total, 16 years and over .....................................
Less than 5 weeks ................................................
5 to 14 weeks .......................................................
5 to 10 weeks .....................................................
11 to 14 weeks ...................................................
15 weeks and over ...............................................
15 to 26 weeks ...................................................
27 weeks and over .............................................
27 to 51 weeks .................................................
52 weeks and over ...........................................
6,210
2,622
1,950
1,375
575
1,637
763
875
379
496
5,880
2,568
1,832
1,283
549
1,480
755
725
325
400
100.0
42.2
31.4
22.1
9.3
26.4
12.3
14.1
6.1
8.0
100.0
43.7
31.2
21.8
9.3
25.2
12.8
12.3
5.5
6.8
4,916
1,909
1,574
1,093
481
1,433
662
771
340
431
4,669
1,899
1,480
1,018
462
1,290
656
634
289
345
100.0
38.8
32.0
22.2
9.8
29.1
13.5
15.7
6.9
8.8
100.0
40.7
31.7
21.8
9.9
27.6
14.1
13.6
6.2
7.4
Average (mean) duration, in weeks ......................
Median duration, in weeks ....................................
14.5
6.7
13.4
6.4
–
–
–
–
15.6
7.6
14.4
7.3
–
–
–
–
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
205
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
31. Unemployed persons by selected demographic characteristics and duration of unemployment
1999
Thousands of persons
Characteristic
Total
Weeks
15 weeks and over
Less
than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
TOTAL
Total, 16 years and over .............................................
16 to 19 years ...............................................................
20 to 24 years ...............................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................................
55 to 64 years ...............................................................
65 years and over .........................................................
5,880
1,162
1,042
1,278
1,154
753
367
124
2,568
617
515
539
449
271
129
47
1,832
374
324
402
353
234
109
36
1,480
170
203
337
352
248
128
41
755
98
113
179
176
116
58
15
725
72
89
159
177
132
70
26
13.4
8.7
10.9
13.5
15.9
16.7
17.8
19.5
6.4
4.2
4.7
6.9
7.9
8.5
8.9
8.2
Men, 16 years and over ..............................................
16 to 19 years ...............................................................
20 to 24 years ...............................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................................
55 to 64 years ...............................................................
65 years and over .........................................................
3,066
633
562
624
571
403
203
70
1,309
332
274
257
213
141
67
24
957
207
171
195
180
125
60
20
800
94
117
172
178
137
77
26
401
55
65
90
90
62
31
8
399
39
53
82
88
75
45
17
14.0
8.7
11.4
14.1
16.6
17.3
19.8
22.8
6.7
4.3
4.9
7.2
8.2
9.0
9.7
9.6
Women, 16 years and over ........................................
16 to 19 years ...............................................................
20 to 24 years ...............................................................
25 to 34 years ...............................................................
35 to 44 years ...............................................................
45 to 54 years ...............................................................
55 to 64 years ...............................................................
65 years and over .........................................................
2,814
529
480
654
584
350
163
54
1,259
285
241
282
236
130
63
22
875
167
153
207
174
109
49
16
680
76
86
166
174
111
51
16
354
43
49
89
86
54
26
7
326
33
37
77
88
57
25
9
12.7
8.8
10.3
13.0
15.2
16.0
15.3
15.2
6.1
4.2
4.5
6.6
7.5
8.1
7.9
6.4
White, 16 years and over ............................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
4,273
2,274
1,999
1,977
1,021
956
1,323
712
611
972
540
432
520
283
237
452
257
195
12.2
12.7
11.5
5.6
6.0
5.1
Black, 16 years and over ............................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,309
626
684
468
219
249
412
193
219
429
214
216
195
96
99
235
118
117
17.2
18.0
16.5
8.8
9.0
8.6
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .............................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
945
480
466
426
221
205
296
149
147
223
110
113
120
60
60
103
50
53
12.5
12.1
12.9
6.1
5.7
6.5
Men, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present ...............................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated ................................
Single (never married) ..................................................
990
411
1,665
386
157
766
310
128
519
294
126
380
149
60
193
145
66
187
15.3
16.0
12.7
7.8
8.1
5.6
Women, 16 years and over:
Married, spouse present ...............................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated ................................
Single (never married) ..................................................
921
585
1,308
412
233
614
278
183
414
231
169
280
123
81
150
108
88
130
12.6
15.0
11.8
5.9
7.5
5.5
Race and Hispanic origin
Marital status
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups. Beginning in
January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household
survey.
206
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
32. Unemployed persons by occupation, industry, and duration of unemployment
1999
Thousands of persons
Occupation and industry
Total
Less
than
5 weeks
Weeks
15 weeks and over
5 to 14
weeks
Total
15 to 26
weeks
27 weeks
and over
Average
(mean)
duration
Median
duration
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty .........................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support ................................
Service occupations .....................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..........................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .............................................
Farming, forestry, and fishing .......................................................
770
1,477
1,081
607
1,207
249
316
672
490
271
511
100
240
457
320
189
374
92
214
347
271
147
322
57
107
190
123
81
166
30
107
157
148
66
156
26
14.4
12.2
13.8
12.7
14.0
11.9
7.1
5.9
5.9
6.0
7.0
6.8
Agriculture ....................................................................................
Construction .................................................................................
Manufacturing ...............................................................................
Durable goods ............................................................................
Nondurable goods ......................................................................
Transportation and public utilities .................................................
Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate .............................................
Services ........................................................................................
Public administration ....................................................................
189
527
743
437
306
267
1,430
195
1,675
123
75
225
299
178
121
108
676
79
754
40
72
174
223
123
100
85
436
55
522
39
41
127
221
137
84
74
318
61
399
45
25
72
113
70
43
36
167
33
198
21
17
55
108
67
41
38
151
28
201
24
11.2
12.8
15.0
15.5
14.3
14.8
12.0
13.9
13.1
19.8
7.1
6.8
7.6
7.7
7.6
7.1
5.2
7.4
6.0
9.6
No previous work experience .......................................................
469
199
152
118
55
63
14.4
6.4
INDUSTRY1
1 Includes wage and salary workers only.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
207
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
33. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, age, race, and active jobsearch methods used
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Thousands of persons
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Sex, age, and race
Sent out
resumes
or filled
out
applications
Placed
or
answered
ads
Average
number of
methods
used
Public
employment
agency
Private
employment
agency
Other
14.0
9.3
12.0
15.8
16.7
16.0
18.4
13.2
17.6
8.0
16.9
21.3
22.1
22.4
18.8
14.2
7.0
2.5
7.0
8.0
9.1
10.3
7.0
5.8
9.7
5.4
8.6
10.6
10.6
14.6
12.0
11.9
1.78
1.51
1.76
1.88
1.90
1.95
1.80
1.49
14.6
8.7
14.4
17.2
16.4
18.6
17.7
8.1
15.1
9.5
12.9
19.1
18.7
16.0
19.3
14.2
17.6
7.9
16.2
22.0
22.2
25.0
18.4
15.8
7.0
2.3
6.3
8.8
9.3
10.9
7.2
6.0
10.3
5.1
9.5
11.2
11.7
16.4
13.3
14.1
1.80
1.50
1.75
1.96
1.94
2.02
1.83
1.48
50.6
53.9
51.1
51.9
48.7
49.1
44.6
35.1
14.4
8.6
13.8
15.7
17.7
16.7
15.8
13.1
12.8
9.1
11.0
13.0
14.8
16.1
17.2
11.9
17.5
8.0
17.6
20.7
22.0
19.5
19.4
11.8
7.0
2.7
7.8
7.4
9.0
9.7
6.7
5.5
9.0
5.7
7.6
10.2
9.6
12.7
10.5
8.6
1.76
1.53
1.77
1.82
1.86
1.87
1.76
1.50
65.7
67.0
64.4
49.8
48.9
50.7
15.0
15.1
15.0
13.9
15.1
12.6
16.6
17.0
16.3
7.0
7.1
6.8
10.4
11.3
9.4
1.79
1.82
1.76
64.8
66.6
63.1
48.7
46.8
50.5
13.1
13.3
13.0
13.6
14.6
12.7
20.9
20.3
21.6
7.0
6.2
7.8
7.3
6.9
7.6
1.76
1.75
1.76
Total
unemployed
Total
jobseekers
Total, 16 years and over .................
16 to 19 years ...................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
5,880
1,162
1,042
1,278
1,154
753
367
124
5,032
1,099
948
1,082
939
590
284
89
65.4
64.2
67.5
65.3
66.5
65.2
62.3
59.6
49.4
53.3
49.3
50.5
47.5
48.0
44.3
33.0
14.5
8.7
14.1
16.4
17.1
17.7
16.9
10.1
Men, 16 years and over ..................
16 to 19 years ...................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
3,066
633
562
624
571
403
203
70
2,553
595
495
497
449
304
159
53
66.7
64.0
67.5
68.6
69.5
67.1
62.5
56.6
48.2
52.8
47.6
48.9
46.1
47.0
44.0
31.6
Women, 16 years and over ............
16 to 19 years ...................................
20 to 24 years ...................................
25 to 34 years ...................................
35 to 44 years ...................................
45 to 54 years ...................................
55 to 64 years ...................................
65 years and over .............................
2,814
529
480
654
584
350
163
54
2,479
504
452
586
490
286
125
36
64.1
64.4
67.4
62.6
63.8
63.1
62.0
64.1
White, 16 years and over ................
Men ...................................................
Women .............................................
4,273
2,274
1,999
3,571
1,843
1,728
Black, 16 years and over ................
Men ...................................................
Women .............................................
1,309
626
684
1,199
566
632
Employer
directly
NOTE: The jobseekers total is less than the total unemployed because it
does not include persons on temporary layoff. The percent using each method
will always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one
Friends
or
relatives
method. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey
208
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
34. Unemployed jobseekers by sex, reason for unemployment, and active jobsearch methods used
1999
Thousands of
persons
Methods used as a percent of total jobseekers
Sex and reason
Sent out
resumes
or filled
out
applications
Placed
Public
Private
Friends
or
employ- employor
answered
ment
ment
relatives
ads
agency agency
Average
number
of
methods
used
Total
unemployed
Total
jobseekers
Total, 16 years and over .........................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 .........
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................
5,880
2,622
783
2,005
469
5,032
1,774
783
2,005
469
65.4
68.5
68.6
62.2
62.5
49.4
49.1
51.2
48.5
50.9
14.5
17.8
17.0
11.7
9.6
14.0
17.4
13.6
11.9
10.4
17.6
23.9
18.1
13.9
8.7
7.0
9.6
7.9
5.5
2.1
9.7
10.9
9.6
9.3
6.6
1.78
1.98
1.86
1.63
1.51
Men, 16 years and over ..........................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 .........
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................
3,066
1,563
389
895
219
2,553
1,050
389
895
219
66.7
69.3
71.1
62.8
62.1
48.2
47.7
49.6
47.6
50.4
14.6
17.7
16.8
11.0
10.0
15.1
18.7
14.7
12.6
8.9
17.6
23.3
18.9
13.1
6.9
7.0
9.2
8.3
5.2
.9
10.3
11.8
9.7
10.0
5.8
1.80
1.98
1.89
1.63
1.45
Women, 16 years and over ....................................................
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs1 .........
Job leavers ...............................................................................
Reentrants ................................................................................
New entrants ............................................................................
2,814
1,059
394
1,111
250
2,479
724
394
1,111
250
64.1
67.2
66.2
61.7
62.9
50.6
51.2
52.9
49.2
51.3
14.4
18.0
17.1
12.2
9.3
12.8
15.5
12.4
11.4
11.7
17.5
24.7
17.3
14.5
10.4
7.0
10.1
7.6
5.8
3.1
9.0
9.5
9.5
8.8
7.3
1.76
1.97
1.83
1.64
1.56
Employer
directly
1 Data on the number of jobseekers and the jobsearch methods used exclude
persons on temporary layoff.
NOTE: The jobseeker total is less than the total unemployed because it does
not include persons on temporary layoff. The percent using each method will
Other
always total more than 100 because many jobseekers use more than one method.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.
209
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
35. Persons not in the labor force by desire and availability for work, age, and sex
(In thousands)
Total
Age
16 to 24
years
Category
1998
1999
1998
1999
25 to 54
years
1998
1999
Sex
55 years
and over
1998
1999
Men
1998
1999
Women
1998
1999
Total not in the labor force .................................................... 67,547 68,385 11,343 11,740 18,732 18,785 37,472 37,861 24,799 25,210 42,748 43,175
Do not want a job now1 ...................................................... 62,735 63,818 9,491 9,938 16,580 16,814 36,664 37,066 22,790 23,307 39,945 40,511
807
795 2,008 1,903 2,803 2,665
Want a job1 ......................................................................... 4,812 4,568 1,852 1,802 2,152 1,971
Did not search for work in previous year .......................... 2,859 2,723 1,011
981 1,240 1,144
608
599 1,134 1,083 1,725 1,640
2
841
822
912
827
200
196
875
820 1,078 1,024
Searched for work in previous year ................................ 1,953 1,844
Not available to work now ...............................................
643
644
332
345
275
258
36
41
250
249
392
395
Available to work now ..................................................... 1,310 1,201
509
477
637
569
164
155
624
571
686
629
Reason not currently looking:
3
331
273
108
86
170
146
53
41
198
161
133
113
Discouragement over job prospects ...................
Reasons other than discouragement ..........................
979
927
401
391
467
423
111
114
427
411
552
517
Family responsibilities ..............................................
143
132
37
29
93
92
13
11
23
29
120
103
In school or training ..................................................
206
214
173
176
32
34
1
4
105
110
102
104
Ill health or disability .................................................
104
97
14
13
69
57
21
26
52
39
52
58
4
525
485
177
173
273
239
75
73
247
234
278
251
Other .......................................................................
1 Includes some persons who are not asked if they want a job.
2 Persons who had a job in the prior 12 months must have searched since
4 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for
such reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small
number for which reason for nonparticipation was not ascertained.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
used in the household survey.
the end of that job.
3 Includes believes no work available, could not find work, lacks necessary
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of
discrimination.
210
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
36. Multiple jobholders by selected demographic and economic characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
Both sexes
Characteristic
Men
Rate1
Number
1998
1999
1998
7,926
335
7,590
788
6,802
6,011
791
682
109
7,802
343
7,460
751
6,708
5,886
822
701
122
6.0
4.8
6.1
6.3
6.1
6.3
4.8
5.3
2.9
6,832
802
503
6,674
831
490
4,414
1,385
2,127
4,309
1,356
2,137
4,478
1,635
266
1,504
4,293
1,657
298
1,513
Women
Rate1
Number
1999
1998
1999
1998
5.8
4.8
5.9
5.8
5.9
6.1
4.8
5.3
3.1
4,178
138
4,040
363
3,677
3,228
449
378
71
4,104
153
3,952
341
3,610
3,146
464
387
77
5.9
3.9
6.0
5.5
6.1
6.3
4.9
5.4
3.3
6.2
5.5
3.8
5.9
5.5
3.6
3,622
406
299
3,514
442
280
5.8
6.7
6.1
5.6
6.5
5.9
2,664
498
1,016
2,566
490
1,048
2,608
512
188
848
2,497
519
204
861
Rate1
Number
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
5.7
4.1
5.8
5.1
5.9
6.1
4.9
5.3
3.4
3,748
198
3,550
425
3,126
2,783
342
303
39
3,698
190
3,508
410
3,098
2,740
358
314
45
6.2
5.7
6.2
7.2
6.1
6.3
4.6
5.2
2.5
6.0
5.5
6.0
6.7
5.9
6.1
4.7
5.2
2.7
6.0
5.9
3.7
5.7
6.3
3.5
3,210
396
204
3,159
389
210
6.4
5.2
3.9
6.2
4.8
3.7
6.2
5.8
5.3
5.9
5.8
5.3
1,750
887
1,110
1,744
866
1,089
5.3
7.3
7.0
5.2
7.0
6.7
1,870
1,124
78
656
1,796
1,138
94
652
AGE
Total, 16 years and over2 ...................................................
16 to 19 years .......................................................................
20 years and over .................................................................
20 to 24 years ......................................................................
25 years and over ................................................................
25 to 54 years ....................................................................
55 years and over ..............................................................
55 to 64 years ...................................................................
65 years and over .............................................................
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White ....................................................................................
Black .....................................................................................
Hispanic origin ......................................................................
MARITAL STATUS
Married, spouse present .......................................................
Widowed, divorced, or separated .........................................
Single (never married) ..........................................................
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Primary job full time, secondary job part time .......................
Primary and secondary jobs both part time ..........................
Primary and secondary jobs both full time ............................
Hours vary on primary or secondary job ...............................
–
–
–
–
1 Multiple jobholders as a percent of all employed persons in specified
group.
2 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary
job and full time on their secondary jobs(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups. Beginning in
January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household
survey.
211
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
37. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Median weekly earnings
1998
1999
1998
1999
Total, 16 years and over .......................................................................................
95,595
97,626
$523
$549
Men, 16 years and over ......................................................................................
16 to 24 years ....................................................................................................
25 years and over ..............................................................................................
54,313
6,325
47,988
55,181
6,444
48,738
598
334
639
618
356
668
Women, 16 years and over ................................................................................
16 to 24 years ....................................................................................................
25 years and over ..............................................................................................
41,282
4,721
36,561
42,444
4,830
37,615
456
305
485
473
324
497
White ..................................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
79,403
46,087
33,316
80,849
46,825
34,024
545
615
468
573
638
483
Black ...................................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
11,776
5,751
6,025
12,190
5,846
6,344
426
468
400
445
488
409
Hispanic origin ....................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
10,532
6,716
3,816
10,950
6,788
4,162
370
390
337
385
406
348
SEX AND AGE
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
38. Median weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
Number of workers
(in thousands)
Characteristic
Median weekly earnings
1998
1999
1998
1999
Total, 16 years and over .......................................................................................
20,862
21,065
$156
$164
Men, 16 years and over ......................................................................................
16 to 24 years ....................................................................................................
25 years and over ..............................................................................................
6,501
3,582
2,919
6,570
3,651
2,919
146
119
197
154
124
208
Women, 16 years and over ................................................................................
16 to 24 years ....................................................................................................
25 years and over ..............................................................................................
14,361
4,500
9,861
14,495
4,647
9,848
161
118
191
168
121
201
White ..................................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
17,886
5,470
12,416
18,054
5,523
12,531
157
146
163
165
155
170
Black ...................................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
2,096
688
1,408
2,135
725
1,410
149
145
151
153
149
155
Hispanic origin ....................................................................................................
Men ...................................................................................................................
Women .............................................................................................................
1,828
632
1,196
1,847
658
1,190
154
162
150
160
162
159
SEX AND AGE
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in
the household survey.
212
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Total, 16 years and over ........................................................................................................
97,626
$549
55,181
$618
42,444
$473
Managerial and professional specialty ..........................................................................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................................................................................
Administrators and officials, public administration ......................................................................
Administrators, protective services .............................................................................................
Financial managers ....................................................................................................................
Personnel and labor relations managers ....................................................................................
Purchasing managers .................................................................................................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations .............................................................
Administrators, education and related fields ...............................................................................
Managers, medicine and health .................................................................................................
Managers, food serving and lodging establishments .................................................................
Managers, properties and real estate .........................................................................................
Management-related occupations ..............................................................................................
Accountants and auditors .........................................................................................................
Underwriters .............................................................................................................................
Other financial officers ..............................................................................................................
Management analysts ..............................................................................................................
Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists ..................................................................
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products ........................................................
Construction inspectors ............................................................................................................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction .........................................................
30,704
14,973
610
55
697
181
139
695
703
602
946
338
4,026
1,362
119
684
244
475
140
67
234
797
792
877
889
878
831
803
1,036
913
759
524
600
704
723
744
758
908
674
643
730
755
15,537
7,981
300
44
344
74
74
441
282
139
498
149
1,677
549
39
324
126
149
75
63
161
952
967
1,007
( 1)
1,154
1,014
989
1,241
1,076
1,006
617
679
847
891
( 1)
923
1,080
727
675
748
772
15,167
6,992
310
11
353
108
65
254
420
462
449
189
2,349
813
80
360
118
326
65
4
73
681
652
725
( 1)
703
742
699
800
819
714
461
578
630
651
653
615
790
653
588
( 1)
707
Professional specialty ..................................................................................................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors .........................................................................................
Architects ..................................................................................................................................
Engineers .................................................................................................................................
Aerospace engineers ..............................................................................................................
Chemical engineers ................................................................................................................
Civil engineers ........................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronic engineers .........................................................................................
Industrial engineers ................................................................................................................
Mechanical engineers .............................................................................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists .......................................................................................
Computer systems analysts and scientists ...............................................................................
Operations and systems researchers and analysts ..................................................................
Natural scientists ........................................................................................................................
Chemists, except biochemists ..................................................................................................
Physical scientists, n.e.c. ..........................................................................................................
Biological and life scientists ......................................................................................................
Medical scientists .....................................................................................................................
Health diagnosing occupations ...................................................................................................
Physicians ................................................................................................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations .............................................................................
Registered nurses ....................................................................................................................
Pharmacists ..............................................................................................................................
Dietitians ...................................................................................................................................
Therapists .................................................................................................................................
Respiratory therapists .............................................................................................................
Physical therapists ..................................................................................................................
Speech therapists ...................................................................................................................
Physicians’ assistants ...............................................................................................................
Teachers, college and university ................................................................................................
Teachers, except college and university ....................................................................................
Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten ...........................................................................
Teachers, elementary school ...................................................................................................
Teachers, secondary school .....................................................................................................
Teachers, special education .....................................................................................................
Counselors, educational and vocational .....................................................................................
Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................................................................................
Librarians ..................................................................................................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ..........................................................................................
Economists ...............................................................................................................................
15,731
2,084
129
1,945
84
75
255
618
259
324
1,638
1,348
242
514
131
50
95
93
539
460
2,219
1,585
165
55
356
69
86
65
58
638
4,259
432
1,837
1,179
326
207
210
183
306
120
800
1,033
918
1,041
1,201
1,260
965
1,073
970
1,035
983
1,008
864
873
970
987
762
724
1,192
1,266
760
750
1,159
577
728
689
877
780
908
953
688
440
710
756
677
786
701
700
740
863
7,556
1,865
108
1,749
74
62
229
564
216
304
1,117
959
128
370
100
38
52
54
389
335
368
141
88
8
101
31
28
5
29
397
1,130
9
308
521
53
62
39
32
142
57
939
1,052
983
1,058
1,202
1,312
984
1,087
991
1,041
1,056
1,079
952
939
1,002
( 1)
801
800
1,342
1,364
887
791
1,222
( 1)
793
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
1,038
768
( 1)
785
803
744
902
( 1)
( 1)
847
977
8,175
219
21
197
10
13
25
55
43
19
522
390
115
143
31
12
42
38
150
125
1,851
1,443
77
47
256
38
58
61
29
241
3,129
423
1,529
658
273
144
171
151
164
63
707
907
( 1)
933
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
956
( 1)
( 1)
876
907
781
731
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
888
852
746
747
1,105
( 1)
707
( 1)
808
770
( 1)
859
659
442
697
722
664
742
684
684
682
774
See footnotes at end of table.
213
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Psychologists ............................................................................................................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ....................................................................................
Social workers ..........................................................................................................................
Recreation workers ...................................................................................................................
Clergy .......................................................................................................................................
Lawyers and judges ....................................................................................................................
Lawyers ....................................................................................................................................
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes ..................................................................................
Technical writers .......................................................................................................................
Designers .................................................................................................................................
Actors and directors ..................................................................................................................
Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist printmakers ............................................................
Photographers ..........................................................................................................................
Editors and reporters ................................................................................................................
Public relations specialists ........................................................................................................
Athletes .....................................................................................................................................
141
1,177
705
85
295
613
577
1,327
63
453
65
93
56
212
155
54
673
596
601
416
657
1,198
1,168
681
861
642
784
595
617
750
735
613
55
542
220
27
256
412
386
722
25
233
45
52
47
113
58
46
760
654
661
( 1)
676
1,369
1,340
748
( 1)
757
( 1)
647
( 1)
803
881
( 1)
86
634
485
58
38
201
191
604
38
220
20
41
9
98
97
8
623
557
579
417
( 1)
971
974
605
( 1)
512
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
709
684
( 1)
Technical, sales, and administrative support .................................................................................
Technicians and related support ..................................................................................................
Health technologists and technicians .........................................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .....................................................................
Radiologic technicians ..............................................................................................................
Licensed practical nurses .........................................................................................................
Engineering and related technologists and technicians .............................................................
Electrical and electronic technicians .........................................................................................
Drafting occupations .................................................................................................................
Surveying and mapping technicians .........................................................................................
Science technicians ....................................................................................................................
Biological technicians ...............................................................................................................
Chemical technicians ................................................................................................................
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science ...............................................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ..................................................................................................
Computer programmers ...........................................................................................................
Legal assistants ........................................................................................................................
27,388
3,550
1,304
292
139
259
874
412
212
51
250
86
71
1,122
99
564
313
488
618
511
623
619
498
662
690
665
557
582
500
677
761
1,048
898
589
10,525
1,802
292
77
40
16
716
348
177
44
150
36
46
643
97
405
43
626
728
594
709
( 1)
( 1)
673
701
663
( 1)
656
( 1)
( 1)
902
1,050
935
( 1)
16,863
1,749
1,011
215
99
243
158
64
35
7
100
50
25
479
3
159
270
431
528
489
593
596
492
625
649
( 1)
( 1)
480
388
( 1)
624
( 1)
788
581
Sales occupations ........................................................................................................................
Supervisors and proprietors .......................................................................................................
Sales representatives, finance and business services ...............................................................
Insurance sales ........................................................................................................................
Real estate sales ......................................................................................................................
Securities and financial services sales .....................................................................................
Advertising and related sales ...................................................................................................
Sales occupations, other business services .............................................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except retail .....................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services ...............................................................................
Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats .................................................................................
Sales workers, apparel .............................................................................................................
Sales workers, shoes ...............................................................................................................
Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........................................................................
Sales workers, radio, television, hi-fi, and appliances ..............................................................
Sales workers, hardware and building supplies .......................................................................
Sales workers, parts .................................................................................................................
Sales workers, other commodities ............................................................................................
Sales counter clerks .................................................................................................................
Cashiers ...................................................................................................................................
Street and door-to-door sales workers .....................................................................................
9,728
3,275
1,817
391
364
399
155
508
1,279
3,324
268
148
57
118
213
204
146
645
94
1,289
117
523
587
708
622
657
791
747
721
749
329
665
298
302
511
495
426
400
333
335
280
431
5,402
1,924
1,019
201
173
276
66
302
968
1,475
240
43
33
62
157
163
132
249
34
301
47
666
691
821
750
767
979
892
809
792
423
679
( 1)
( 1)
536
512
473
403
392
( 1)
296
( 1)
4,326
1,351
798
190
191
123
88
206
311
1,849
29
104
24
57
56
41
15
396
60
989
70
399
454
589
539
585
616
626
611
610
296
( 1)
286
( 1)
497
413
( 1)
( 1)
315
303
275
387
Administrative support, including clerical ......................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................
General office ...........................................................................................................................
Financial records processing ....................................................................................................
Distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks ...........................................................................
Computer equipment operators ..................................................................................................
Computer operators ..................................................................................................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .....................................................................................
14,109
650
348
77
207
298
292
2,629
447
603
595
678
590
525
528
446
3,322
282
115
15
140
128
124
47
539
701
706
( 1)
668
610
612
( 1)
10,788
368
233
62
67
170
168
2,582
427
560
539
622
511
485
485
446
See footnotes at end of table.
214
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Secretaries ...............................................................................................................................
Stenographers ..........................................................................................................................
Typists ......................................................................................................................................
Information clerks .......................................................................................................................
Interviewers ..............................................................................................................................
Hotel clerks ...............................................................................................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation agents ...........................................................................
Receptionists ............................................................................................................................
Records processing, except financial .........................................................................................
Order clerks ..............................................................................................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ...................................................................
Library clerks ............................................................................................................................
File clerks .................................................................................................................................
Records clerks ..........................................................................................................................
Financial records processing ......................................................................................................
Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks .........................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks .................................................................................................
Billing clerks ..............................................................................................................................
Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators ..................................................................
Communications equipment operators .......................................................................................
Telephone operators ................................................................................................................
Mail and message distributing ....................................................................................................
Postal clerks, except mail carriers ............................................................................................
Mail carriers, postal service ......................................................................................................
Mail clerks, except postal service .............................................................................................
Messengers ..............................................................................................................................
Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks ...............................................................
Dispatchers ...............................................................................................................................
Production coordinators ............................................................................................................
Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks ......................................................................................
Stock and inventory clerks ........................................................................................................
Expediters .................................................................................................................................
Adjusters and investigators ........................................................................................................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators ..................................................................
Investigators and adjusters, except insurance .........................................................................
Eligibility clerks, social welfare .................................................................................................
Bill and account collectors ........................................................................................................
Miscellaneous administrative support occupations ....................................................................
General office clerks .................................................................................................................
Bank tellers ...............................................................................................................................
Data-entry keyers .....................................................................................................................
Statistical clerks ........................................................................................................................
Teachers’ aides ........................................................................................................................
2,162
67
400
1,467
120
89
218
727
753
249
58
58
206
174
1,480
1,084
127
145
74
117
107
829
298
301
135
96
1,652
232
181
572
398
191
1,596
416
925
98
157
2,593
511
288
594
80
368
443
490
454
393
408
315
486
374
440
493
523
434
361
437
440
443
474
428
404
384
377
629
687
697
389
453
448
487
592
411
470
393
473
528
452
481
451
409
419
346
422
432
315
26
4
17
182
17
22
70
30
171
70
10
15
43
32
157
107
16
14
10
29
24
504
156
218
50
80
953
107
71
409
242
65
400
112
219
13
56
448
98
21
110
17
28
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
497
( 1)
( 1)
527
( 1)
513
629
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
489
478
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
665
701
714
414
457
485
583
734
419
505
487
536
660
511
( 1)
489
483
461
( 1)
433
( 1)
( 1)
2,136
63
382
1,285
103
67
147
697
582
179
49
43
162
142
1,322
977
111
131
63
88
83
325
142
82
85
16
700
125
109
163
156
126
1,196
304
706
85
101
2,145
412
267
484
63
341
443
488
455
386
396
308
464
373
421
460
( 1)
( 1)
349
423
435
440
459
428
400
367
365
575
670
646
382
( 1)
417
441
474
388
438
364
453
501
435
468
429
399
413
343
420
401
314
Service occupations .......................................................................................................................
Private household .........................................................................................................................
Child care workers ......................................................................................................................
Cleaners and servants ................................................................................................................
Protective services .......................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................
Police and detectives ................................................................................................................
Firefighting and fire prevention ...................................................................................................
Firefighting ................................................................................................................................
Police and detectives ..................................................................................................................
Police and detectives, public service ........................................................................................
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers ................................................................
Correctional institution officers .................................................................................................
Guards ........................................................................................................................................
Guards and police, except public service .................................................................................
10,841
384
157
220
2,138
180
100
221
204
1,079
602
179
298
659
618
336
243
211
259
592
759
817
740
744
657
751
628
521
393
398
5,209
17
1
15
1,791
156
84
216
202
898
519
153
226
521
501
402
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
613
815
889
742
745
681
766
645
540
402
403
5,632
367
156
205
347
23
16
5
3
181
83
27
72
138
118
304
240
212
255
492
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
574
650
( 1)
492
335
368
Service occupations, except private household and protective ....................................................
Food preparation and service occupations .................................................................................
8,318
3,189
313
298
3,400
1,583
336
311
4,918
1,607
302
286
See footnotes at end of table.
215
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................
Bartenders ................................................................................................................................
Waiters and waitresses ............................................................................................................
Cooks, except short order ........................................................................................................
Food counter, fountain, and related occupations .....................................................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ............................................................................................
Waiters’ and waitresses’ assistants ..........................................................................................
Miscellaneous food preparation occupations ...........................................................................
Health service occupations .........................................................................................................
Dental assistants ......................................................................................................................
Health aides, except nursing ....................................................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ..................................................................................
Cleaning and building service occupations ................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................
Maids and housemen ...............................................................................................................
Janitors and cleaners ...............................................................................................................
Pest control ...............................................................................................................................
Personal service occupations .....................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................
Hairdressers and cosmetologists .............................................................................................
Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities ......................................................................
Public transportation attendants ...............................................................................................
Welfare service aides ...............................................................................................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................................................................................
276
167
652
1,311
108
135
229
312
1,791
127
246
1,418
2,188
153
472
1,496
59
1,150
56
310
140
58
54
266
342
334
302
302
252
297
286
268
324
377
318
322
321
407
296
324
450
321
470
322
384
604
310
275
120
97
172
800
46
41
119
188
217
5
49
163
1,303
97
87
1,054
56
298
24
47
83
11
6
10
415
334
325
317
( 1)
( 1)
290
266
368
( 1)
( 1)
367
363
472
330
351
450
379
( 1)
( 1)
384
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
156
70
480
511
62
94
110
124
1,574
123
196
1,255
885
55
385
442
2
852
32
263
57
47
49
256
310
334
294
279
247
295
282
270
320
373
317
318
292
317
289
293
( 1)
310
( 1)
323
384
( 1)
( 1)
274
Precision production, craft, and repair ............................................................................................
Mechanics and repairers ..............................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................
Mechanics and repairers, except supervisors ............................................................................
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics and repairers .........................................................
Automobile mechanics ...........................................................................................................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .........................................................................
Aircraft engine mechanics ......................................................................................................
Small engine repairers ............................................................................................................
Automobile body and related repairers ...................................................................................
Heavy equipment mechanics .................................................................................................
Industrial machinery repairers ..................................................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment repairers ...........................................................................
Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment ............................................
Data processing equipment repairers .....................................................................................
Telephone line installers and repairers ...................................................................................
Telephone installers and repairers .........................................................................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment repairers .................................................
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics .............................................................
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairers ..................................................................................
Millwrights ...............................................................................................................................
Construction trades ......................................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................
Construction trades, except supervisors ....................................................................................
Brickmasons and stonemasons ................................................................................................
Tile setters, hard and soft .........................................................................................................
Carpet installers ........................................................................................................................
Carpenters ................................................................................................................................
Drywall installers .......................................................................................................................
Electricians ...............................................................................................................................
Electrical power installers and repairers ...................................................................................
Painters, construction and maintenance ..................................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, and apprentices .................................................................
Concrete and terrazzo finishers ................................................................................................
Insulation workers .....................................................................................................................
Roofers .....................................................................................................................................
Structural metalworkers ............................................................................................................
Extractive occupations ..................................................................................................................
Precision production occupations .................................................................................................
Supervisors .................................................................................................................................
11,927
4,263
262
4,001
1,455
635
301
146
54
123
145
546
889
201
281
55
240
74
310
790
72
4,143
504
3,639
128
58
62
962
126
739
134
331
417
87
51
147
55
128
3,393
1,121
594
621
816
613
594
555
588
737
420
584
667
608
698
621
689
755
770
693
580
607
697
566
720
540
546
440
507
518
483
645
731
427
595
501
546
467
634
716
583
668
10,861
4,057
232
3,824
1,436
628
300
142
53
121
144
530
785
184
233
51
210
70
308
754
70
4,059
495
3,563
125
56
62
950
121
723
133
317
408
85
49
146
55
126
2,619
904
606
622
820
615
594
555
588
740
419
586
669
612
703
630
707
760
761
694
579
612
700
571
722
545
564
443
507
518
486
651
730
432
596
501
( 1)
469
634
717
630
704
1,066
206
30
176
18
7
1
4
2
1
1
16
104
17
48
3
30
4
2
36
2
85
9
76
3
2
12
5
17
1
14
9
2
2
1
2
774
217
428
592
( 1)
555
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
616
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
423
( 1)
417
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
1
( )
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
403
515
See footnotes at end of table.
216
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Precision metalworking occupations ..........................................................................................
Tool and die makers .................................................................................................................
Machinists .................................................................................................................................
Sheet-metal workers .................................................................................................................
Precision woodworking occupations ...........................................................................................
Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .....................................................................................
Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings machine workers ......................................................
Precision workers, assorted materials ........................................................................................
Optical goods workers ..............................................................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ......................................................................
Precision food production occupations .......................................................................................
Butchers and meat cutters ........................................................................................................
Bakers ......................................................................................................................................
Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers .....................................................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders ...............................................................................................
Plant and system operators ........................................................................................................
Water and sewage treatment plant operators ..........................................................................
Stationary engineers .................................................................................................................
869
139
489
128
75
58
115
460
64
290
380
237
110
131
123
241
56
109
634
785
604
628
457
454
402
423
465
391
400
400
394
618
619
688
625
621
809
134
461
120
65
54
65
203
26
97
242
174
61
100
94
233
53
109
646
792
610
635
481
465
421
513
( 1)
476
440
428
475
657
654
689
635
620
60
5
28
8
11
4
50
257
38
193
138
64
49
32
30
9
4
-
442
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
350
369
( 1)
359
342
322
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
-
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ...............................................................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..........................................................................
Machine operators and tenders, except precision ......................................................................
Metalworking and plastic working machine operators ..............................................................
Punching and stamping press machine operators .................................................................
Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators ...............................................
Metal and plastic processing machine operators .....................................................................
Molding and casting machine operators .................................................................................
Woodworking machine operators .............................................................................................
Sawing machine operators .....................................................................................................
Printing machine operators .......................................................................................................
Printing press operators .........................................................................................................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine operators ................................................................
Textile sewing machine operators ..........................................................................................
Pressing machine operators ...................................................................................................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ...................................................................
Machine operators, assorted materials ....................................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators ................................................................................
Mixing and blending machine operators .................................................................................
Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators ...........................................................
Painting and paint spraying machine operators .....................................................................
Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, exc. food .........................................................................
Slicing and cutting machine operators ....................................................................................
Photographic process machine operators ..............................................................................
Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working occupations ...........................................................
Welders and cutters ................................................................................................................
Assemblers .............................................................................................................................
Production inspectors, testers, samplers, and weighers ............................................................
Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners ...................................................................
Production testers ...................................................................................................................
Graders and sorters, except agricultural ................................................................................
15,182
6,814
4,368
369
101
113
142
97
138
81
325
256
745
416
67
139
2,622
341
129
58
186
69
153
69
1,781
527
1,158
665
487
53
120
429
423
416
509
458
490
454
452
385
386
491
477
298
282
268
294
437
361
491
648
462
591
430
342
444
520
412
424
456
520
305
11,685
4,371
2,829
307
74
97
110
74
119
71
251
208
211
94
17
48
1,813
129
112
50
161
67
115
34
1,192
496
637
349
256
39
52
472
487
481
534
505
507
471
473
398
393
526
513
348
326
( 1)
( 1)
487
416
497
657
480
597
473
( 1)
495
525
463
506
530
( 1)
347
3,498
2,444
1,538
62
27
16
32
23
19
10
74
48
534
322
50
90
809
212
16
8
25
2
38
35
589
32
521
316
231
14
69
337
340
326
410
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
366
( 1)
282
273
260
266
350
327
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
365
( 1)
368
369
395
( 1)
288
Transportation and material moving occupations .........................................................................
Motor vehicle operators ..............................................................................................................
Supervisors ...............................................................................................................................
Truck drivers .............................................................................................................................
Drivers--sales workers ..............................................................................................................
Bus drivers ................................................................................................................................
Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................................................
Transportation occupations, except motor vehicles ...................................................................
Rail transportation ....................................................................................................................
Material moving equipment operators ........................................................................................
4,401
3,184
78
2,493
130
284
149
154
108
1,063
513
514
585
527
534
428
427
761
816
498
4,083
2,927
61
2,409
122
166
127
152
107
1,005
522
524
621
532
555
498
441
772
820
503
317
257
17
85
8
119
22
2
1
58
394
389
( 1)
412
( 1)
384
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
415
See footnotes at end of table.
217
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
39. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Both sexes
Men
Women
Occupation
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
Number
of
workers
Median
weekly
earnings
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
Operating engineers .................................................................................................................
Crane and tower operators .......................................................................................................
Excavating and loading machine operators ..............................................................................
Grader, dozer, and scraper operators ......................................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ......................................................................
229
69
81
63
513
575
580
571
480
448
223
67
79
61
474
579
586
577
477
451
6
2
2
2
39
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ..................................................................
Helpers, construction and extractive occupations ......................................................................
Helpers, construction trades .....................................................................................................
Construction laborers .................................................................................................................
Production helpers ......................................................................................................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers .........................................................................................
Stock handlers and baggers .....................................................................................................
Machine feeders and offbearers ...............................................................................................
Garage and service station related occupations ........................................................................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ..................................................................................
Hand packers and packagers .....................................................................................................
Laborers, except construction ....................................................................................................
3,967
106
93
804
53
1,287
578
75
134
199
253
1,107
363
329
336
414
357
361
314
395
314
312
317
373
3,230
103
92
776
42
996
389
45
131
173
107
879
377
330
335
413
( 1)
375
320
( 1)
313
315
338
393
737
3
2
28
11
291
189
30
3
26
147
229
314
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
318
300
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
305
315
Farming, forestry, and fishing .........................................................................................................
Farm operators and managers .....................................................................................................
Farm managers ..........................................................................................................................
Other agricultural and related occupations ...................................................................................
Farm occupations, except managerial ........................................................................................
Farm workers ............................................................................................................................
Related agricultural occupations ................................................................................................
Supervisors, related agricultural ...............................................................................................
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ..........................................................................
Forestry and logging occupations .................................................................................................
1,583
72
67
1,441
603
531
838
87
657
58
331
499
499
321
311
304
330
514
322
503
1,364
61
56
1,237
512
463
725
81
614
55
341
525
543
329
317
311
342
539
322
508
218
11
11
204
91
68
113
6
44
2
283
( 1)
( 1)
277
268
259
288
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
1 Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
used in the household survey.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls
218
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
40. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by selected characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
1998
Members of
unions1
Characteristic
Total
employed
1999
Represented
by unions2
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
Members of
unions1
Total
employed
Represented
by unions2
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over ..........................................................
16 to 24 years .........................................................................
25 years and over ...................................................................
25 to 34 years ........................................................................
35 to 44 years ........................................................................
45 to 54 years ........................................................................
55 to 64 years ........................................................................
65 years and over ..................................................................
116,730
19,164
97,566
29,121
31,865
23,579
10,427
2,574
16,211
1,014
15,198
3,332
5,013
4,737
1,923
193
13.9
5.3
15.6
11.4
15.7
20.1
18.4
7.5
17,918
1,151
16,767
3,711
5,511
5,220
2,110
214
15.4
6.0
17.2
12.7
17.3
22.1
20.2
8.3
118,963
19,606
99,358
28,657
32,438
24,665
10,880
2,718
16,477
1,110
15,367
3,415
4,918
4,881
1,932
221
13.9
5.7
15.5
11.9
15.2
19.8
17.8
8.1
18,182
1,239
16,943
3,785
5,428
5,377
2,107
247
15.3
6.3
17.1
13.2
16.7
21.8
19.4
9.1
Men, 16 years and over ..........................................................
16 to 24 years ........................................................................
25 years and over ..................................................................
25 to 34 years .......................................................................
35 to 44 years .......................................................................
45 to 54 years .......................................................................
55 to 64 years .......................................................................
65 years and over .................................................................
60,973
9,927
51,046
15,656
16,768
11,874
5,404
1,343
9,850
637
9,213
2,112
3,055
2,771
1,177
98
16.2
6.4
18.0
13.5
18.2
23.3
21.8
7.3
10,638
719
9,919
2,301
3,264
2,982
1,265
108
17.4
7.2
19.4
14.7
19.5
25.1
23.4
8.0
61,914
10,116
51,797
15,330
17,020
12,395
5,622
1,431
9,949
716
9,232
2,142
2,993
2,800
1,186
111
16.1
7.1
17.8
14.0
17.6
22.6
21.1
7.7
10,758
781
9,977
2,325
3,241
3,026
1,267
118
17.4
7.7
19.3
15.2
19.0
24.4
22.5
8.2
Women, 16 years and over ....................................................
16 to 24 years ........................................................................
25 years and over ..................................................................
25 to 34 years .......................................................................
35 to 44 years .......................................................................
45 to 54 years .......................................................................
55 to 64 years .......................................................................
65 years and over .................................................................
55,757
9,237
46,520
13,464
15,097
11,705
5,023
1,231
6,362
377
5,985
1,219
1,958
1,967
746
95
11.4
4.1
12.9
9.1
13.0
16.8
14.9
7.7
7,280
432
6,848
1,410
2,248
2,238
845
106
13.1
4.7
14.7
10.5
14.9
19.1
16.8
8.6
57,050
9,489
47,560
13,327
15,418
12,270
5,258
1,287
6,528
393
6,135
1,273
1,924
2,081
746
110
11.4
4.1
12.9
9.6
12.5
17.0
14.2
8.5
7,425
458
6,966
1,460
2,187
2,351
839
129
13.0
4.8
14.6
11.0
14.2
19.2
16.0
10.0
White, 16 years and over ........................................................ 97,531
Men ....................................................................................... 51,700
Women ................................................................................. 45,831
13,118
8,166
4,952
13.5
15.8
10.8
14,460
8,788
5,673
14.8
17.0
12.4
99,147
52,492
46,655
13,349
8,246
5,103
13.5
15.7
10.9
14,668
8,896
5,771
14.8
16.9
12.4
Black, 16 years and over ........................................................ 13,894
Men .......................................................................................
6,452
Women .................................................................................
7,443
2,460
1,337
1,123
17.7
20.7
15.1
2,739
1,458
1,282
19.7
22.6
17.2
14,346
6,585
7,760
2,463
1,348
1,116
17.2
20.5
14.4
2,757
1,464
1,293
19.2
22.2
16.7
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over ......................................... 12,374
Men .......................................................................................
7,360
Women .................................................................................
5,015
1,471
937
534
11.9
12.7
10.6
1,634
1,017
617
13.2
13.8
12.3
12,810
7,457
5,353
1,525
966
559
11.9
13.0
10.4
1,684
1,052
632
13.1
14.1
11.8
14,825
1,354
15.5
6.5
16,323
1,559
17.1
7.5
97,626
21,065
14,974
1,459
15.3
6.9
16,501
1,634
16.9
7.8
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS3
Full-time workers .................................................................... 95,595
Part-time workers ................................................................... 20,862
1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose
jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
3 The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours
usually worked. Beginning in 1994, these data will not sum to totals because
full- or part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small
number of multiple jobholders.
NOTE:
Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time
workers. Excluded are all self-employed workers regardless of whether or not
their businesses are incorporated. Detail for the above race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and
black population groups. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised
population controls used in the household survey.
219
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
41. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by union affiliation and selected characteristics
1998
Characteristic
1999
Total
Members of
unions1
Represented
by unions2
Nonunion
Total
Members of
unions1
Represented
by unions2
Nonunion
Total, 16 years and over ..........................................
16 to 24 years .........................................................
25 years and over ...................................................
25 to 34 years ........................................................
35 to 44 years ........................................................
45 to 54 years ........................................................
55 to 64 years ........................................................
65 years and over ..................................................
$523
319
572
502
597
620
592
405
$659
415
673
595
683
716
697
610
$653
410
667
591
678
712
692
597
$499
315
537
489
576
592
560
383
$549
341
592
518
611
652
604
404
$672
437
688
604
691
750
696
616
$667
433
683
601
687
745
697
623
$516
335
569
506
594
617
582
381
Men, 16 years and over ..........................................
16 to 24 years ........................................................
25 years and over ..................................................
25 to 34 years .......................................................
35 to 44 years .......................................................
45 to 54 years .......................................................
55 to 64 years .......................................................
65 years and over .................................................
598
334
639
544
677
732
699
482
699
430
712
618
722
755
738
657
696
424
709
615
719
755
737
659
573
326
617
524
660
719
674
445
618
356
668
577
702
763
725
470
711
449
727
627
735
789
735
666
708
443
726
623
734
787
737
665
599
348
648
560
691
751
718
421
Women, 16 years and over ....................................
16 to 24 years ........................................................
25 years and over ..................................................
25 to 34 years .......................................................
35 to 44 years .......................................................
45 to 54 years .......................................................
55 to 64 years .......................................................
65 years and over .................................................
456
305
485
451
498
516
476
350
596
389
605
542
605
651
602
( 3)
593
382
602
542
605
645
596
522
430
301
463
439
479
488
448
329
473
324
497
470
503
534
492
370
608
418
618
557
612
686
623
567
606
416
616
555
611
679
621
596
449
321
477
457
486
502
467
329
White, 16 years and over ........................................
Men .......................................................................
Women .................................................................
545
615
468
$683
719
610
678
716
607
513
591
443
573
638
483
692
731
619
689
730
618
534
615
461
Black, 16 years and over ........................................
Men .......................................................................
Women .................................................................
426
468
400
578
597
537
572
592
533
398
424
376
445
488
409
575
588
548
575
589
545
415
459
388
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .........................
Men .......................................................................
Women .................................................................
370
390
337
540
585
478
541
584
481
350
367
322
385
406
348
561
604
490
559
597
490
363
384
329
SEX AND AGE
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose
jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
3 Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time workers. Excluded
are all self-employed workers regardless of whether or not their businesses
are incorporated. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the
household survey.
220
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry
(Numbers in thousands)
1998
Members of
unions1
Occupation and industry
Total
employed
1999
Represented
by unions2
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
Managerial and professional specialty ..................................... 33,102
Executive, administrative, and managerial ............................. 15,473
Professional specialty ............................................................. 17,629
4,252
812
3,440
12.8
5.2
19.5
5,015
1,017
3,998
15.2
6.6
22.7
Technical, sales, and administrative support ............................ 35,379
Technicians and related support ............................................
4,150
Sales occupations .................................................................. 13,378
Administrative support, including clerical ................................ 17,851
3,239
433
544
2,262
9.2
10.4
4.1
12.7
3,677
498
620
2,558
Service occupations ................................................................. 16,594
Protective service ...................................................................
2,399
Service, except protective service .......................................... 14,195
2,209
991
1,218
13.3
41.3
8.6
Precision production, craft, and repair ...................................... 12,274
2,708
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ......................................... 17,443
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....................
7,498
Transportation and material moving occupations ...................
4,935
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............
5,010
Members of
unions1
Total
employed
Represented
by unions2
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
34,693
16,000
18,693
4,594
903
3,691
13.2
5.6
19.7
5,352
1,138
4,215
15.4
7.1
22.5
10.4
12.0
4.6
14.3
35,514
4,188
13,451
17,874
3,191
461
549
2,182
9.0
11.0
4.1
12.2
3,609
523
613
2,474
10.2
12.5
4.6
13.8
2,398
1,048
1,350
14.5
43.7
9.5
16,829
2,427
14,403
2,151
927
1,224
12.8
38.2
8.5
2,336
991
1,346
13.9
40.8
9.3
22.1
2,834
23.1
12,474
2,800
22.4
2,929
23.5
3,713
1,603
1,204
906
21.3
21.4
24.4
18.1
3,894
1,672
1,267
956
22.3
22.3
25.7
19.1
17,514
7,255
5,041
5,218
3,627
1,490
1,148
989
20.7
20.5
22.8
18.9
3,830
1,572
1,216
1,042
21.9
21.7
24.1
20.0
1,938
90
4.6
100
5.2
1,940
113
5.8
125
6.4
Private wage and salary workers .............................................. 98,329
Agriculture ..............................................................................
1,739
Nonagricultural industries ....................................................... 96,590
Mining ...................................................................................
589
Construction .........................................................................
5,946
9,306
26
9,280
72
1,056
9.5
1.5
9.6
12.2
17.8
10,104
31
10,073
79
1,093
10.3
1.8
10.4
13.4
18.4
100,025
1,721
98,304
531
6,230
9,419
43
9,376
57
1,187
9.4
2.5
9.5
10.6
19.1
10,216
48
10,168
60
1,224
10.2
2.8
10.3
11.4
19.6
Manufacturing ....................................................................... 19,763
Durable goods .................................................................... 11,999
Nondurable goods ..............................................................
7,763
3,127
1,990
1,138
15.8
16.6
14.7
3,315
2,097
1,218
16.8
17.5
15.7
19,323
11,824
7,499
3,024
1,941
1,083
15.6
16.4
14.4
3,209
2,063
1,146
16.6
17.5
15.3
Transportation and public utilities .........................................
Transportation ....................................................................
Communications and public utilities ...................................
7,147
4,316
2,831
1,843
1,108
735
25.8
25.7
26.0
1,931
1,156
775
27.0
26.8
27.4
7,317
4,450
2,866
1,865
1,136
729
25.5
25.5
25.4
1,956
1,186
770
26.7
26.7
26.9
Wholesale and retail trade .................................................... 24,230
Wholesale trade ..................................................................
4,425
Retail trade ......................................................................... 19,805
1,283
259
1,024
5.3
5.9
5.2
1,387
275
1,113
5.7
6.2
5.6
24,671
4,573
20,098
1,278
248
1,030
5.2
5.4
5.1
1,406
281
1,126
5.7
6.1
5.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate .....................................
7,420
Services ................................................................................ 31,493
150
1,750
2.0
5.6
195
2,073
2.6
6.6
7,588
32,645
156
1,809
2.1
5.5
191
2,121
2.5
6.5
Government workers ................................................................ 18,401
Federal ...................................................................................
3,269
State .......................................................................................
5,150
Local .......................................................................................
9,982
6,905
1,105
1,431
4,370
37.5
33.8
27.8
43.8
7,815
1,299
1,667
4,849
42.5
39.7
32.4
48.6
18,938
3,264
5,233
10,440
7,058
1,047
1,527
4,484
37.3
32.1
29.2
42.9
7,966
1,275
1,781
4,911
42.1
39.0
34.0
47.0
OCCUPATION
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...................................................
INDUSTRY
1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose
jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
NOTE:
Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time
workers. Excluded are all self-employed workers regardless of whether or not
their businesses are incorporated. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect
revised population controls used in the household survey.
221
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
43. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by union affiliation, occupation, and industry
1998
Occupation and industry
1999
Total
Members of
unions1
Represented
by unions2
Nonunion
Total
Members of
unions1
Represented
by unions2
Nonunion
Managerial and professional specialty .....................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .............
Professional specialty .............................................
$759
755
763
$789
801
787
$774
789
772
$756
753
759
$797
792
800
$826
823
826
$819
829
817
$792
789
794
Technical, sales, and administrative support ............
Technicians and related support ............................
Sales occupations ..................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ................
477
599
502
438
575
708
496
563
569
688
492
558
463
590
502
418
488
618
523
447
583
714
513
574
580
711
519
564
477
608
523
429
Service occupations .................................................
Protective service ...................................................
Service, except protective service ..........................
327
598
305
557
736
403
542
732
402
305
450
295
336
592
311
536
737
412
529
728
409
314
477
303
Precision production, craft, and repair ......................
572
753
747
514
594
755
747
546
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .........................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....
Transportation and material moving occupations ...
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .....................................................................
415
406
510
585
559
655
580
556
644
381
375
468
429
423
513
591
572
668
584
566
657
398
394
478
351
514
514
326
363
507
499
340
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...................................
302
471
462
299
331
512
514
322
Private wage and salary workers ..............................
Agriculture ..............................................................
Nonagricultural industries .......................................
Mining ...................................................................
Construction .........................................................
505
315
509
684
534
625
( 3)
$626
733
790
619
( 3)
$620
723
783
493
314
496
673
496
521
340
525
734
552
633
( 3)
$634
710
778
627
( 3)
$628
731
772
510
337
513
735
509
Manufacturing .......................................................
Durable goods ....................................................
Nondurable goods ..............................................
551
581
507
606
629
565
603
625
562
532
566
495
576
594
529
614
628
584
611
625
579
561
584
518
Transportation and public utilities .........................
Transportation ....................................................
Communications and public utilities ...................
624
570
727
731
704
763
724
695
760
586
519
699
651
596
751
748
727
773
742
718
770
613
551
738
Wholesale and retail trade ....................................
Wholesale trade ..................................................
Retail trade .........................................................
410
562
373
480
611
442
476
604
439
405
557
369
421
573
391
499
584
472
492
570
463
418
573
387
Finance, insurance, and real estate .....................
Services ................................................................
577
498
545
540
554
548
578
494
598
517
582
554
587
563
599
515
Government workers ................................................
Federal ...................................................................
State .......................................................................
Local .......................................................................
620
694
596
612
694
690
646
712
688
693
638
702
558
696
563
501
641
729
615
623
714
721
683
726
709
723
677
720
585
737
578
525
OCCUPATION
INDUSTRY
1 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose
jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.
3 Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
NOTE:
Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time workers.
Excluded are all self-employed workers regardless of whether or not their
businesses are incorporated. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised
population controls used in the household survey.
222
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
Table 44. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by
selected characteristics
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
hourly-paid
workers
SEX AND AGE
Total, 16 years and over .......................................
16 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over ...............................................
72,306
16,636
55,670
2,194
1,064
1,130
1,146
632
514
3,340
1,695
1,644
4.6
10.2
3.0
Men, 16 years and over ........................................
16 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over ...............................................
36,073
8,556
27,517
768
410
358
446
289
157
1,214
699
515
3.4
8.2
1.9
Women, 16 years and over ..................................
16 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over ...............................................
36,233
8,080
28,153
1,426
654
772
700
343
357
2,126
996
1,129
5.9
12.3
4.0
White, 16 years and over ......................................
Men .....................................................................
Women ...............................................................
58,999
29,906
29,093
1,803
602
1,200
895
356
539
2,698
958
1,740
4.6
3.2
6.0
Black, 16 years and over ......................................
Men .....................................................................
Women ...............................................................
10,126
4,632
5,494
298
126
173
217
74
144
516
199
316
5.1
4.3
5.8
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .......................
Men .....................................................................
Women ...............................................................
9,402
5,490
3,913
275
126
148
238
105
133
513
232
281
5.5
4.2
7.2
Full-time workers ..................................................
Men .....................................................................
Women ...............................................................
54,931
30,582
24,349
948
383
565
372
169
203
1,320
552
768
2.4
1.8
3.2
Part-time workers .................................................
Men .....................................................................
Women ...............................................................
17,227
5,410
11,817
1,238
383
855
772
276
496
2,011
659
1,351
11.7
12.2
11.4
RACE, HISPANIC ORIGIN, AND SEX
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS
AND SEX1
1 The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on
hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or
part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small number
of multiple jobholders.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $5.15 per hour in
1999. Data are for wage and salary workers, excluding the incorporated
self-employed. They refer to a person’s earnings on their sole or
principal job, and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates.
Salaried workers and other nonhourly workers are not included. The
presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage
does not necessarily indicate violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act,
as there are exceptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In
addition, some survey respondents might have rounded hourly earnings
to the nearest dollar, and, as a result, reported hourly earnings below
the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum wage or
higher. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum
to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
223
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
Table 45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation
and industry
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Workers paid hourly rates
Occupation and industry
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
hourly-paid workers
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty .............................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .....................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
10,078
4,260
5,818
91
33
58
37
17
21
129
50
79
1.3
1.2
1.4
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....................................
Technicians and related support ....................................................
Sales occupations ..........................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ........................................
22,763
2,750
7,445
12,568
333
17
186
130
361
10
231
120
694
27
417
251
3.1
1.0
5.6
2.0
Service occupations .........................................................................
Private household ...........................................................................
Protective service ...........................................................................
Service, except private household and protective ..........................
Food service workers ...................................................................
Health service workers .................................................................
Cleaning and building service workers .........................................
Personal service workers .............................................................
13,438
425
1,574
11,440
5,451
2,213
2,370
1,406
1,424
145
19
1,260
1,047
52
84
77
470
11
14
445
253
40
79
73
1,894
156
33
1,705
1,299
92
163
150
14.1
36.8
2.1
14.9
23.8
4.2
6.9
10.7
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................................
9,781
51
14
64
.7
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .................................................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ............................
Transportation and material moving occupations ...........................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ....................
14,882
6,577
3,567
4,737
245
75
44
126
198
57
27
115
444
132
71
241
3.0
2.0
2.0
5.1
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................................................
1,364
50
65
114
8.4
Private wage and salary workers ......................................................
Agriculture ....................................................................................
Nonagriculture industries ..............................................................
Mining .........................................................................................
Construction ...............................................................................
63,557
1,156
62,401
322
4,687
2,080
36
2,045
4
42
1,028
54
974
2
10
3,109
90
3,019
6
52
4.9
7.8
4.8
1.9
1.1
Manufacturing .............................................................................
Durable goods ..........................................................................
Nondurable goods ....................................................................
13,000
8,023
4,976
98
42
55
63
21
42
160
63
97
1.2
.8
2.0
Transportation and public utilities ...............................................
Transportation ..........................................................................
Communication and public utilities ...........................................
4,122
2,604
1,518
30
25
5
22
17
5
53
42
11
1.3
1.6
.7
Wholesale and retail trade ..........................................................
Wholesale trade ........................................................................
Retail trade ...............................................................................
Eating and drinking places .....................................................
17,859
2,396
15,463
5,209
1,276
29
1,247
1,008
540
15
525
268
1,817
44
1,772
1,276
10.2
1.9
11.5
24.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...........................................
Services ......................................................................................
Private households ...................................................................
Other service industries ............................................................
Personal services, except private households .......................
Entertainment and recreation services ...................................
3,001
19,410
487
18,922
1,860
1,310
38
557
152
405
106
67
8
328
11
317
47
55
47
885
163
722
153
122
1.6
4.6
33.5
3.8
8.2
9.3
Government workers ........................................................................
Federal ...........................................................................................
State ...............................................................................................
Local ...............................................................................................
8,749
1,829
2,124
4,796
113
13
25
75
117
9
50
58
231
22
75
133
2.6
1.2
3.5
2.8
INDUSTRY
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $5.15 per hour in 1999. Data
are for wage and salary workers, excluding the incorporated self-employed. They refer
to a person’s earnings on their sole or principal job, and pertain only to workers who
are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and other nonhourly workers are not included.
The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not
necessarily indicate violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions
to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents
might have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar, and, as a result, reported
hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum
wage or higher.
224
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
46. Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by age and sex
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Age and sex
Absence rate1
Total
employed
Lost worktime rate2
Total
Illness or
injury
Other
reasons
Total
Illness or
injury
Other
reasons
Total, 16 years and over .................................................................
16 to 19 years ...................................................................................
20 to 24 years ...................................................................................
25 years and over .............................................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................................................
55 years and over ...........................................................................
97,740
2,256
9,131
86,353
76,092
10,261
3.8
4.0
3.9
3.8
3.8
4.2
2.8
3.0
2.7
2.8
2.7
3.5
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.1
.7
2.0
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.6
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.5
1.4
2.3
0.6
.5
.7
.5
.6
.3
Men, 16 years and over ..................................................................
16 to 19 years ...................................................................................
20 to 24 years ...................................................................................
25 years and over .............................................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................................................
55 years and over ...........................................................................
55,161
1,352
5,112
48,696
42,882
5,814
2.8
3.1
2.6
2.8
2.7
3.6
2.2
2.4
2.1
2.3
2.1
3.1
.6
.7
.5
.6
.6
.5
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.5
1.4
2.2
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.3
1.2
2.0
.3
.3
.2
.3
.3
.2
Women, 16 years and over ............................................................
16 to 19 years ...................................................................................
20 to 24 years ...................................................................................
25 years and over .............................................................................
25 to 54 years .................................................................................
55 years and over ...........................................................................
42,579
904
4,018
37,657
33,210
4,447
5.1
5.4
5.4
5.1
5.1
5.1
3.5
3.9
3.4
3.5
3.4
4.1
1.6
1.4
2.0
1.6
1.7
.9
2.7
2.4
2.8
2.7
2.7
3.0
1.8
1.6
1.5
1.8
1.7
2.5
1.0
.8
1.3
.9
1.0
.4
1 Absences are defined as instances when persons who usually work
35 or more hours a week worked less than 35 hours during the reference
week for one of the following reasons: Own illness, injury, or medical
problems; child-care problems; other family or personal obligations; civic or
military duty; and maternity or paternity leave. Excluded are situations in
which work was missed due to vacation or personal days, holiday, labor
dispute, and other reasons. For multiple jobholders, absence data refer
only to work missed at their main jobs. The absence rate is the ratio of
workers with absences to total full-time wage and salary employment. The
estimates of full-time wage and salary employment shown in this table do
not match those in other tables because the estimates in this table are
based on the full CPS sample and those in the other tables are based on a
quarter of the sample only.
2 Hours absent as a percent of hours usually worked.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population
controls used in the household survey.
223
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
47. Absences from work of employed full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and industry
(Numbers in thousands)
1999
Occupation and industry
Absence rate1
Total
employed
Lost worktime rate2
Total
Illness or
injury
Other
reasons
Total
Illness or
injury
Other
reasons
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty .............................................
Executive, administrative, and managerial .....................................
Professional specialty .....................................................................
30,854
15,121
15,733
3.2
2.9
3.4
2.1
2.0
2.3
1.0
.9
1.1
1.6
1.5
1.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
0.6
.5
.7
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....................................
Technicians and related support ....................................................
Sales occupations ..........................................................................
Administrative support, including clerical ........................................
27,508
3,576
9,793
14,139
4.1
4.3
3.0
4.8
3.0
3.3
2.1
3.5
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.3
2.1
2.2
1.6
2.4
1.5
1.7
1.1
1.7
.6
.6
.5
.7
Service occupations .........................................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .................................................
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................................................
10,722
11,952
15,105
1,600
4.5
3.6
4.4
3.1
3.3
2.9
3.5
2.3
1.3
.8
.9
.8
2.4
2.0
2.5
1.6
1.8
1.6
2.1
1.3
.6
.4
.5
.3
Agricultural wage and salary workers ...............................................
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers .............................
Mining .............................................................................................
Construction ...................................................................................
1,415
80,236
523
5,832
3.0
3.7
3.3
3.5
2.2
2.7
2.4
2.6
.8
1.0
.9
.9
1.7
2.0
2.3
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.8
1.4
.3
.6
.6
.4
Manufacturing .................................................................................
Durable goods ..............................................................................
Nondurable goods ........................................................................
18,338
11,358
6,980
3.8
3.9
3.7
3.0
3.0
2.8
.9
.9
.9
2.1
2.2
2.0
1.7
1.7
1.6
.5
.5
.5
Transportation and public utilities ...................................................
Transportation ..............................................................................
Communications and other public utilities ....................................
6,578
3,861
2,717
3.4
3.5
3.2
2.6
2.8
2.5
.7
.7
.7
2.0
2.2
1.8
1.7
1.9
1.4
.4
.4
.4
Wholesale and retail trade ..............................................................
Wholesale trade ............................................................................
Retail trade ...................................................................................
17,223
4,198
13,025
3.5
3.0
3.6
2.5
2.2
2.6
1.0
.8
1.1
1.8
1.4
1.9
1.3
1.1
1.4
.5
.3
.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate ...............................................
Services ..........................................................................................
Government workers ........................................................................
6,721
25,021
16,089
3.6
4.0
4.4
2.4
2.8
3.3
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.8
2.1
2.3
1.1
1.3
1.7
.6
.7
.6
INDUSTRY
1 Absences are defined as instances when persons who usually work
35 or more hours a week worked less than 35 hours during the reference
week for one of the following reasons: Own illness, injury, or medical
problems; child-care problems; other family or personal obligations; civic or
military duty; and maternity or paternity leave. Excluded are situations in
which work was missed due to vacation or personal days, holiday, labor
dispute, and other reasons. For multiple jobholders, absence data refer
only to work missed at their main jobs. The absence rate is the ratio of
workers with absences to total full-time wage and salary employment. The
estimates of full-time wage and salary employment shown in this table do
not match those in other tables because the estimates in this table are
based on the full CPS sample and those in the other tables are based on a
quarter of the sample only.
2 Hours absent as a percent of hours usually worked.
NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population
controls used in the household survey.
224
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
48. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian
noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Total
Veteran status and age
1998
Unemployed
Employed
1999
Percent of
labor force
Number
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
VIETNAM-ERA VETERANS
Total, 40 years and over .......................................
40 to 54 years ....................................................
40 to 44 years .................................................
45 to 49 years .................................................
50 to 54 years .................................................
55 years and over ..............................................
7,773
5,950
741
2,237
2,972
1,822
7,761
5,497
513
1,868
3,116
2,263
6,526
5,313
662
2,011
2,641
1,213
6,381
4,842
452
1,645
2,745
1,539
6,348
5,163
637
1,955
2,571
1,184
6,200
4,703
431
1,593
2,679
1,497
179
150
24
56
70
29
180
139
20
52
66
42
2.7
2.8
3.7
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.8
2.9
4.5
3.2
2.4
2.7
20,304
9,218
6,796
4,290
21,289
9,426
7,323
4,540
18,403
8,512
6,190
3,701
19,291
8,716
6,655
3,920
17,879
8,269
6,020
3,590
18,784
8,482
6,484
3,818
523
242
170
111
507
234
171
101
2.8
2.8
2.7
3.0
2.6
2.7
2.6
2.6
NONVETERANS
Total, 40 to 54 years ............................................
40 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 49 years ....................................................
50 to 54 years ....................................................
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who
have never served in the Armed Forces. Beginning in January 1999, data
reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
227
HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
49. Employment status of male Vietnam-era veterans and nonveterans by age, race, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Veterans
Employment status and age
White
Black
Nonveterans
Hispanic origin
White
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
1999
1998
Civilian noninstitutional population ................................... 5,272
Civilian labor force ........................................................... 4,741
Employed ....................................................................... 4,614
Unemployed ..................................................................
127
Unemployment rate .....................................................
2.7
4,862
4,334
4,219
115
2.6
552
463
444
20
4.2
510
407
388
19
4.7
251
219
215
4
1.9
239
209
206
3
1.3
604
540
524
17
3.1
426
381
367
14
3.8
113
101
96
5
5.0
72
61
56
5
8.4
48
42
41
1
2.7
29
26
26
–
.4
7,796
7,296
7,114
182
2.5
Civilian noninstitutional population ................................... 1,951
Civilian labor force ........................................................... 1,767
Employed ....................................................................... 1,722
Unemployed ..................................................................
45
Unemployment rate .....................................................
2.5
1,629
1,453
1,410
43
2.9
237
201
190
11
5.4
192
154
146
8
4.9
87
74
72
1
1.9
75
66
64
2
2.6
2,807
2,500
2,442
58
2.3
201
162
158
4
2.4
246
193
186
7
3.5
116
103
102
2
1.6
135
118
117
1
.8
1999
Black
Hispanic origin
1998
1999
1998
1999
2,136
1,719
1,628
91
5.3
2,237
1,810
1,726
84
4.6
2,085
1,850
1,763
87
4.7
2,143
1,889
1,806
83
4.4
7,966
7,452
7,271
181
2.4
962
796
747
48
6.1
986
832
791
41
4.9
970
884
843
42
4.7
984
893
860
33
3.7
5,749
5,301
5,166
135
2.5
6,189
5,709
5,577
132
2.3
718
590
563
27
4.5
781
634
603
31
4.9
674
596
571
24
4.1
667
591
561
29
5.0
3,589
3,152
3,066
86
2.7
3,811
3,348
3,267
81
2.4
456
333
317
16
4.8
469
344
332
12
3.5
441
370
349
20
5.5
493
406
385
20
5.0
Total, 40 to 54 years
17,134 17,966
15,748 16,509
15,346 16,115
403
394
2.6
2.4
40 to 44 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ...................................
Civilian labor force ...........................................................
Employed .......................................................................
Unemployed ..................................................................
Unemployment rate .....................................................
45 to 49 years
50 to 54 years
Civilian noninstitutional population ................................... 2,718
Civilian labor force ........................................................... 2,433
Employed ....................................................................... 2,368
Unemployed ..................................................................
65
Unemployment rate .....................................................
2.7
NOTE: Male Vietnam-era veterans are men who served in the Armed
Forces between August 5, 1964 and May 7, 1975. Nonveterans are men who
have never served in the Armed Forces. Detail for the above race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and
black population groups. Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised
population controls used in the household survey.
228