TABLE 19. Definite postgraduation commitments of U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by sex and major field: 2008
Location of definite commitments
Sex and field
All fields
Recipients with
definite
All recipients commitments
United States
Total
Postdoctoral
study
Academic
employment
Industry
employmenta
Otherb
Abroad
Unknown
30,791
20,556
19,792
6,090
7,151
2,379
4,172
752
12
18,487
15,539
602
5,135
695
533
667
2,132
1,227
905
2,886
2,889
12,187
10,243
373
3,108
477
398
485
1,473
827
646
1,957
1,972
11,619
9,756
354
2,978
444
360
449
1,365
785
580
1,923
1,883
5,359
4,876
137
2,235
85
183
172
812
435
377
935
317
2,637
2,359
81
301
142
68
163
132
73
59
421
1,051
1,986
1,201
55
244
172
59
64
289
209
80
175
143
1,637
1,320
81
198
45
50
50
132
68
64
392
372
559
481
18
128
32
38
36
108
42
66
34
87
9
6
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2,948
121
396
206
557
90
264
368
946
1,944
93
285
143
354
58
171
251
589
1,863
93
270
137
345
D
D
241
562
483
D
90
19
52
D
47
52
201
278
D
14
38
53
21
D
41
81
785
37
142
48
183
20
74
95
186
317
24
24
32
57
10
23
53
94
78
D
15
6
9
D
D
10
25
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
Non-science and engineering
12,304
8,369
8,173
731
4,514
393
2,535
193
3
Male, all fields
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
14,746
10,043
7,848
346
2,513
519
318
448
1,514
790
724
828
1,362
9,974
6,739
5,270
218
1,517
363
245
323
1,084
554
530
570
950
9,543
6,397
4,983
210
1,454
337
223
294
999
522
477
559
907
3,110
2,840
2,495
77
1,126
69
109
121
602
295
307
256
135
3,096
1,323
1,126
50
116
97
39
100
90
42
48
126
508
1,515
1,352
730
35
131
138
38
44
210
142
68
60
74
1,822
882
632
48
81
33
37
29
97
43
54
117
190
425
336
283
7
62
25
22
29
85
32
53
11
42
6
6
4
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2,195
108
272
1,469
83
196
1,414
83
186
345
D
61
197
11
D
622
31
97
250
D
D
53
D
10
2
0
0
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
TABLE 19. Definite postgraduation commitments of U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by sex and major field: 2008
Location of definite commitments
Sex and field
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Non-science and engineering
Female, all fields
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Non-science and engineering
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information.
a
b
Recipients with
definite
All recipients commitments
United States
Total
Postdoctoral
study
Academic
employment
Industry
employmenta
Otherb
Abroad
Unknown
149
464
55
197
301
649
106
297
37
130
198
422
100
D
D
124
D
405
D
D
D
37
41
130
24
39
13
10
D
60
38
159
11
58
80
148
D
50
9
19
43
67
6
D
D
6
D
15
0
0
0
0
0
2
4,703
3,235
3,146
270
1,773
163
940
89
0
16,044
8,444
7,691
256
2,622
176
215
219
618
437
181
2,058
1,527
10,582
5,448
4,973
155
1,591
114
153
162
389
273
116
1,387
1,022
10,249
5,222
4,773
144
1,524
107
137
155
366
263
103
1,364
976
2,980
2,519
2,381
60
1,109
16
74
51
210
140
70
679
182
4,055
1,314
1,233
31
185
45
29
63
42
31
11
295
543
864
634
471
20
113
34
21
20
79
67
12
115
69
2,350
755
688
33
117
12
13
21
35
25
10
275
182
327
223
198
11
66
7
16
7
23
10
13
23
45
6
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
753
13
124
57
93
35
67
67
297
475
10
89
37
57
21
41
53
167
449
10
84
37
D
D
D
D
157
138
D
29
D
D
D
10
11
71
81
D
D
14
14
8
D
D
21
163
6
45
10
24
9
16
15
38
67
D
D
D
7
1
4
10
27
25
D
5
D
D
D
D
D
10
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
7,600
5,134
5,027
461
2,741
230
1,595
104
3
Includes doctorate recipients who indicated self-employment.
Includes doctorate recipients who indicated government, nonprofit, elementary/secondary school, or other employment, and those with unknown employment.
NOTES: Data exclude non-U.S. citizens with temporary visas and those of unknown citizenship. Categories are grouped according to National Science Foundation taxonomy, which is different from the classification listed in
questionnaire and summary reports. That is, the following categories are included in social sciences and not in humanities: American/U.S. studies; history, science and technology, and society; and archaeology. In addition,
public administration is included in social sciences and not in professional fields, agricultural economics is included in social sciences and not in biological sciences, and agricultural business and management is included in
business management/administration and not in agricultural sciences.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2008.