TABLE 14. Distribution of definite postgraduation commitments of U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by sex and major field: 2007
(Percent distribution)
Location of definite commitments
United States
Recipients with
definite
commitments
Total
Postdoctoral
study
Academic
employment
Industry
employmenta
Otherb
Abroad
Unknown
100.0
96.6
30.4
35.8
11.9
18.6
3.3
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.8
95.7
97.2
96.7
96.6
91.8
93.1
93.8
96.4
90.1
98.0
94.3
45.4
48.5
37.6
73.9
14.0
48.7
38.0
56.8
54.2
60.3
48.3
14.7
21.7
23.3
23.4
9.3
31.5
18.1
37.8
9.6
10.2
8.8
21.4
54.1
16.5
12.2
15.1
7.8
40.8
12.5
11.2
20.6
25.4
13.7
9.9
7.2
12.2
11.8
21.0
5.7
10.4
12.5
6.0
6.8
6.5
7.3
18.5
18.3
4.1
4.2
2.8
3.3
3.4
8.2
6.9
6.2
3.6
9.9
1.9
5.6
*
*
0.0
*
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.5
D
95.9
96.4
97.6
D
93.9
D
96.3
27.7
16.7
31.4
20.2
19.4
13.5
36.0
28.7
34.4
12.6
10.3
2.3
24.4
14.0
34.6
3.7
13.5
12.7
41.7
37.2
58.2
33.9
49.9
34.6
43.9
42.6
31.7
14.6
D
4.1
17.9
14.3
D
10.4
D
17.6
3.4
D
4.1
3.6
2.4
D
6.1
D
3.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
Non-science and engineering
100.0
97.7
8.9
55.9
5.3
27.7
2.2
0.1
Male, all fields
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.0
95.5
95.1
D
96.7
D
92.8
92.0
93.1
95.8
90.0
97.4
93.6
32.1
43.6
47.8
33.9
75.5
12.9
46.2
40.4
57.0
53.1
61.3
44.5
13.8
32.2
20.0
22.1
25.2
8.3
30.2
18.5
34.9
7.7
8.1
7.3
23.3
53.3
15.4
20.2
14.4
17.3
7.7
42.8
14.9
10.8
21.8
27.6
15.2
11.1
7.9
16.3
11.7
10.8
D
5.2
D
13.3
5.9
6.6
7.0
6.2
18.4
18.6
3.9
4.5
4.9
D
3.3
D
7.2
8.0
6.9
4.2
10.0
2.6
6.1
0.1
*
*
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
100.0
100.0
97.0
D
27.1
D
11.7
D
43.0
D
15.1
34.3
3.0
D
0.1
0.0
Sex and field
All fields
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
TABLE 14. Distribution of definite postgraduation commitments of U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by sex and major field: 2007
(Percent distribution)
Location of definite commitments
Sex and field
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Non-science and engineering
Female, all fields
Science and engineering
Science
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
Mathematics
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Physics and astronomy
Psychology
Social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
United States
Recipients with
definite
commitments
Total
Postdoctoral
study
Academic
employment
Industry
employmenta
Otherb
Abroad
Unknown
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
D
D
D
D
D
D
96.7
29.9
20.5
20.3
D
42.1
28.4
32.8
D
21.2
D
34.3
D
D
12.0
60.5
34.8
47.9
D
42.1
43.8
33.7
D
D
14.8
D
9.9
D
18.1
D
D
D
D
D
D
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
100.0
97.2
8.5
57.3
5.6
25.8
2.7
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.2
96.3
96.4
D
96.7
D
90.3
95.7
95.5
97.5
90.3
98.3
94.9
28.8
47.8
49.3
43.2
72.2
18.8
52.3
32.4
56.2
56.2
56.5
49.9
15.6
39.2
23.9
24.5
20.7
10.3
37.6
17.6
44.6
14.1
13.9
14.5
20.6
54.8
8.4
11.8
9.7
11.8
7.9
31.8
9.1
12.2
17.9
21.8
8.1
9.4
6.5
20.8
12.9
12.9
D
6.3
D
11.4
6.5
7.3
5.7
11.3
18.5
18.0
2.7
3.6
3.5
D
3.2
D
9.7
4.3
4.5
2.5
9.7
1.6
5.1
0.1
*
*
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.1
D
D
D
D
100.0
D
29.7
D
35.8
19.4
13.3
D
18.6
15.6
D
D
36.1
D
35.3
D
37.1
D
50.9
30.6
62.2
D
48.8
12.8
D
D
D
11.1
D
11.6
4.9
D
D
D
D
D
D
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
TABLE 14. Distribution of definite postgraduation commitments of U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by sex and major field: 2007
(Percent distribution)
Location of definite commitments
United States
Recipients with
definite
commitments
Total
Postdoctoral
study
Academic
employment
Industry
employmenta
Otherb
Abroad
Unknown
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.5
31.0
37.6
D
14.0
34.5
27.4
D
16.6
D
4.5
0.0
0.0
Non-science and engineering
100.0
* = less than 0.05%; D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information.
98.1
9.1
55.1
5.0
28.9
1.8
0.1
Sex and field
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
a
b
Includes doctorate recipients who indicated self-employment.
Includes doctorate recipients who indicated government, nonprofit, elementary/secondary school, or other employment, and those with unknown employment.
NOTES: Data exclude non-U.S. citizens with temporary visas and those of unknown citizenship. Categories are grouped according to National Science Foundation taxonomy, which is different from the classification listed in
questionnaire and summary reports. That is, the following categories are included in social sciences and not in humanities: American/U.S. studies; history, science and technology, and society; and archaeology. In addition,
public administration is included in social sciences and not in professional fields, agricultural economics is included in social sciences and not in biological sciences, and agricultural business and management is included in
business management/administration and not in agricultural sciences.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2007, including updates received in 2008.