TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
60,000
50,000
65,000
54,000
53,000
60,000
52,000
42,000
42,000
48,000
40,000
41,000
41,000
41,000
57,000
60,000
70,000
55,000
50,000
56,000
52,000
65,000
50,000
77,000
60,000
60,000
64,000
57,000
70,000
68,000
79,000
60,000
60,000
70,000
68,000
72,000
60,000
74,000
67,000
63,000
73,000
62,000
50,000
50,000
53,000
52,000
48,000
48,000
46,000
66,000
68,000
72,000
65,000
60,000
65,000
62,000
75,000
S
70,000
60,000
72,000
65,000
58,000
70,000
59,000
45,000
50,000
50,000
46,000
43,000
41,000
43,000
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
44,000
54,000
56,000
55,000
55,000
55,000
Agricultural/food scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
72,000
45,000
78,000
60,000
61,000
75,000
60,000
70,000
S
70,000
S
60,000
S
64,000
57,000
61,000
72,000
56,000
68,000
52,000
60,000
70,000
60,000
53,000
51,000
50,000
60,000
57,000
80,000
S
85,000
S
82,000
S
80,000
S
79,000
S
85,000
69,000
75,000
75,000
71,000
90,000
72,000
65,000
80,000
84,000
90,000
72,000
72,000
87,000
66,000
85,000
75,000
85,000
81,000
87,000
79,000
72,000
79,000
80,000
77,000
75,000
83,000
50,000
80,000
55,000
63,000
68,000
70,000
64,000
55,000
62,000
59,000
75,000
S
78,000
S
82,000
S
77,000
S
76,000
S
75,000
S
85,000
66,000
70,000
72,000
65,000
89,000
72,000
57,000
78,000
80,000
87,000
71,000
70,000
83,000
59,000
80,000
70,000
79,000
77,000
66,000
77,000
72,000
69,000
76,000
59,000
73,000
77,000
64,000
75,000
S
35,000
S
50,000
S
64,000
S
67,000
S
64,000
S
68,000
S
74,000
S
72,000
S
36,000
35,000
37,000
35,000
24,000
56,000
38,000
50,000
49,000
55,000
70,000
66,000
64,000
62,000
S
66,000
80,000
63,000
67,000
S
60,000
52,000
70,000
68,000
S
64,000
S
S
73,000
S
S
53,000
S
S
68,000
S
74,000
S
75,000
S
55,000
S
63,000
63,000
74,000
53,000
S
34,000
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
53,000
S
72,000
S
58,000
S
65,000
S
68,000
S
50,000
S
Biological/medical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
54,000
56,000
55,000
56,000
53,000
36,000
S
51,000
S
68,000
S
70,000
S
76,000
S
68,000
S
75,000
S
38,000
38,000
36,000
35,000
25,000
56,000
35,000
50,000
50,000
55,000
70,000
S
65,000
S
74,000
65,000
S
55,000
72,000
S
60,000
S
S
65,000
S
S
56,000
S
S
78,000
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
68,000
S
75,000
S
79,000
S
Environmental life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
59,000
S
S
S
S
36,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
37,000
S
49,000
S
46,000
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
67,000
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
All degrees and occupationsb
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
35,000
34,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
<5 years
5–9 years
21,000
S
S
S
41,000
S
55,000
S
70,000
S
34,000
24,000
S
36,000
45,000
55,000
40,000
S
75,000
68,000
77,000
67,000
65,000
76,000
63,000
53,000
S
70,000
S
57,000
54,000
49,000
50,000
48,000
Computer/information scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
76,000
68,000
78,000
70,000
67,000
78,000
64,000
Mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-life/related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Computer/mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-computer/
mathematical sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Chemists, except biochemists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
50,000
S
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
50,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
64,000
S
67,000
S
72,000
S
78,000
S
80,000
S
82,000
S
87,000
S
80,000
S
78,000
S
78,000
S
73,000
67,000
62,000
70,000
65,000
88,000
66,000
79,000
78,000
65,000
92,000
72,000
57,000
80,000
82,000
90,000
72,000
73,000
89,000
66,000
85,000
73,000
73,000
80,000
S
79,000
75,000
S
83,000
S
S
78,000
S
77,000
S
55,000
S
70,000
S
80,000
S
83,000
S
88,000
S
81,000
S
78,000
S
80,000
S
59,000
55,000
52,000
54,000
48,000
73,000
67,000
63,000
70,000
69,000
88,000
68,000
79,000
78,000
65,000
93,000
72,000
58,000
82,000
82,000
90,000
73,000
73,000
89,000
71,000
85,000
81,000
72,000
80,000
S
80,000
73,000
S
84,000
S
S
78,000
S
80,000
S
73,000
S
45,000
S
70,000
S
81,000
S
70,000
71,000
49,000
75,000
S
49,000
51,000
42,000
43,000
S
83,000
S
S
78,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
91,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
S
S
S
130,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
81,000
S
74,000
S
101,000
S
77,000
S
139,000
S
53,000
S
44,000
S
55,000
37,000
39,000
45,000
S
30,000
S
18,000
27,000
15,000
32,000
S
41,000
S
55,000
35,000
11,000
40,000
S
47,000
S
61,000
S
S
43,000
S
63,000
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
41,000
S
49,000
S
55,000
S
56,000
S
52,000
S
60,000
57,000
59,000
54,000
50,000
60,000
45,000
36,000
S
56,000
S
60,000
S
68,000
S
75,000
S
70,000
S
73,000
S
75,000
S
40,000
35,000
35,000
35,000
34,000
52,000
64,000
49,000
57,000
S
64,000
S
71,000
S
60,000
60,000
S
57,000
70,000
S
70,000
101,000
64,000
79,000
S
70,000
S
S
61,000
S
S
74,000
S
S
70,000
S
74,000
S
79,000
S
62,000
S
39,000
S
57,000
S
68,000
S
72,000
S
83,000
S
44,000
44,000
36,000
36,000
S
58,000
S
77,000
S
S
65,000
S
S
67,000
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
61,000
54,000
50,000
65,000
46,000
79,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
75,000
S
88,000
S
85,000
S
73,000
S
83,000
S
39,000
30,000
55,000
50,000
53,000
49,000
56,000
S
60,000
54,000
S
71,000
S
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
S
40,000
S
58,000
S
63,000
47,000
60,000
60,000
50,000
42,000
S
Physicists/astronomers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
67,000
S
26,000
S
45,000
45,000
56,000
79,000
S
30,000
S
52,000
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Postsecondary teachers-physical/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Other physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Economists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Political/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
70,000
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
54,000
S
70,000
S
81,000
S
79,000
S
73,000
S
55,000
S
61,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
112,000
S
S
S
S
125,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
100,000
S
105,000
S
99,000
S
107,000
S
128,000
S
98,000
S
21,000
S
48,000
S
45,000
29,000
47,000
54,000
43,000
20,000
S
45,000
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
62,000
S
57,000
S
78,000
S
73,000
S
55,000
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
41,000
S
54,000
S
51,000
S
66,000
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
55,000
59,000
54,000
60,000
45,000
55,000
38,000
36,000
S
53,000
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
71,000
S
69,000
S
36,000
44,000
35,000
35,000
21,000
72,000
58,000
39,000
52,000
38,000
73,000
61,000
56,000
60,000
72,000
63,000
67,000
50,000
70,000
S
67,000
66,000
58,000
73,000
S
83,000
63,000
71,000
68,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
65,000
S
90,000
S
47,000
S
88,000
S
57,000
61,000
45,000
101,000
S
46,000
S
S
67,000
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
136,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
119,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
90,000
S
106,000
S
101,000
S
154,000
S
114,000
S
119,000
S
85,000
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
35,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
30,000
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
44,000
55,000
S
36,000
39,000
S
27,000
25,000
S
29,000
20,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
50,000
S
23,000
S
45,000
S
53,000
S
59,000
S
61,000
S
47,000
53,000
50,000
50,000
17,000
17,000
44,000
12,000
24,000
S
48,000
54,000
45,000
43,000
S
58,000
43,000
51,000
54,000
S
91,000
64,000
43,000
58,000
S
Psychologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
51,000
S
36,000
S
49,000
S
42,000
64,000
45,000
51,000
53,000
18,000
45,000
34,000
35,000
S
57,000
S
60,000
S
S
S
63,000
S
S
S
45,000
49,000
S
55,000
60,000
S
49,000
67,000
S
Sociologists/anthropologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
40,000
S
S
19,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
19,000
S
41,000
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
65,000
S
45,000
S
72,000
62,000
54,000
65,000
41,000
53,000
39,000
49,000
43,000
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
68,000
75,000
72,000
70,000
80,000
74,000
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Chemical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Postsecondary teachers-social/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
40,000
75,000
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
70,000
S
74,000
S
65,000
S
63,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
65,000
S
55,000
S
53,000
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
32,000
S
S
S
S
47,000
S
68,000
S
32,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
61,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
60,000
S
90,000
S
110,000
S
52,000
S
96,000
S
63,000
S
57,000
49,000
57,000
60,000
55,000
56,000
54,000
72,000
S
80,000
S
86,000
S
90,000
S
90,000
S
88,000
S
85,000
S
77,000
67,000
65,000
72,000
71,000
86,000
79,000
79,000
78,000
76,000
90,000
74,000
74,000
87,000
92,000
92,000
79,000
79,000
90,000
89,000
89,000
78,000
87,000
92,000
S
84,000
S
77,000
S
91,000
90,000
S
47,000
89,000
S
90,000
S
62,000
S
87,000
85,000
81,000
92,000
78,000
60,000
54,000
60,000
65,000
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
102,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
102,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
91,000
S
100,000
S
100,000
S
102,000
S
102,000
S
102,000
S
85,000
S
60,000
S
76,000
S
80,000
S
90,000
S
80,000
72,000
79,000
87,000
S
53,000
66,000
63,000
63,000
S
76,000
S
S
84,000
S
S
97,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
107,000
S
S
S
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
80,000
S
90,000
S
101,000
S
96,000
S
110,000
S
98,000
S
63,000
38,000
39,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
S
50,000
S
71,000
62,000
64,000
72,000
72,000
Electrical/computer hardware engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
65,000
S
71,000
S
79,000
S
83,000
S
82,000
S
88,000
S
82,000
S
54,000
54,000
52,000
50,000
S
69,000
S
72,000
S
63,000
64,000
S
67,000
71,000
S
87,000
S
S
90,000
S
S
67,000
S
S
73,000
S
S
75,000
S
S
79,000
S
84,000
S
84,000
S
90,000
S
85,000
S
85,000
S
61,000
S
81,000
S
89,000
S
90,000
S
99,000
S
96,000
S
89,000
S
86,000
75,000
80,000
87,000
75,000
64,000
58,000
54,000
60,000
59,000
90,000
72,000
79,000
79,000
S
95,000
84,000
83,000
86,000
S
92,000
S
S
99,000
S
S
98,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
99,000
S
95,000
S
91,000
S
86,000
S
Industrial engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
69,000
S
56,000
S
69,000
64,000
63,000
70,000
S
47,000
48,000
58,000
60,000
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
73,000
S
80,000
S
74,000
S
80,000
S
65,000
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Mechanical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
78,000
S
59,000
S
70,000
S
75,000
S
89,000
S
86,000
S
90,000
S
84,000
S
75,000
76,000
72,000
79,000
67,000
61,000
74,000
58,000
58,000
S
74,000
S
74,000
S
S
88,000
S
S
85,000
S
S
81,000
S
S
77,000
S
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
89,000
S
87,000
S
92,000
S
85,000
S
95,000
S
Postsecondary teachers-engineering
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
67,000
S
24,000
S
70,000
S
63,000
S
84,000
S
67,000
64,000
66,000
68,000
S
20,000
S
S
77,000
S
S
77,000
S
S
76,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
91,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
34,000
S
69,000
S
58,000
S
82,000
S
80,000
S
94,000
S
85,000
S
62,000
S
Other engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
76,000
S
53,000
S
72,000
S
75,000
S
79,000
S
90,000
S
93,000
S
68,000
75,000
64,000
79,000
73,000
49,000
62,000
54,000
55,000
43,000
67,000
76,000
63,000
72,000
S
87,000
S
72,000
S
S
89,000
S
S
78,000
S
S
87,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
90,000
S
93,000
S
87,000
S
84,000
S
S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
49,000
66,000
57,000
55,000
60,000
55,000
45,000
46,000
48,000
43,000
46,000
45,000
41,000
55,000
S
60,000
49,000
65,000
S
70,000
S
70,000
S
69,000
S
69,000
S
69,000
60,000
49,000
54,000
55,000
70,000
60,000
59,000
58,000
58,000
77,000
64,000
56,000
63,000
45,000
70,000
58,000
62,000
70,000
69,000
69,000
60,000
64,000
73,000
62,000
70,000
50,000
59,000
69,000
S
70,000
52,000
69,000
69,000
S
Health-related occupations
60,000
46,000
56,000
60,000
62,000
67,000
72,000
69,000
70,000
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
56,000
71,000
S
84,000
75,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
50,000
67,000
58,000
59,000
60,000
54,000
47,000
49,000
42,000
44,000
47,000
41,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
61,000
50,000
55,000
55,000
70,000
62,000
60,000
57,000
67,000
70,000
63,000
64,000
61,000
S
74,000
59,000
62,000
69,000
60,000
69,000
63,000
75,000
74,000
S
61,000
42,000
64,000
70,000
S
75,000
37,000
79,000
72,000
S
S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
101,000
S
84,000
S
90,000
S
100,000
S
110,000
S
107,000
S
103,000
S
109,000
S
100,000
80,000
89,000
103,000
100,000
77,000
S
113,000
S
100,000
S
94,000
83,000
S
95,000
88,000
85,000
91,000
S
92,000
100,000
S
93,000
110,000
S
130,000
S
S
99,000
S
S
137,000
S
S
103,000
S
S
S
S
107,000
S
104,000
S
109,000
S
106,000
S
S&E precollege teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
47,000
S
40,000
S
44,000
47,000
40,000
48,000
37,000
38,000
45,000
40,000
40,000
37,000
45,000
S
S
48,000
S
S
45,000
38,000
45,000
S
40,000
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
48,000
S
52,000
S
50,000
S
52,000
S
49,000
S
S&E technicians/technologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
36,000
S
50,000
S
59,000
S
61,000
S
66,000
S
65,000
S
53,000
52,000
48,000
57,000
55,000
33,000
31,000
43,000
36,000
S
50,000
S
S
68,000
S
S
87,000
S
S
48,000
S
S
55,000
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
60,000
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
70,000
S
69,000
S
58,000
S
Other S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
69,000
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
76,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
52,000
S
63,000
S
74,000
S
75,000
S
74,000
S
82,000
S
79,000
S
50,000
46,000
48,000
48,000
48,000
53,000
45,000
36,000
38,000
40,000
35,000
38,000
36,000
35,000
50,000
51,000
68,000
46,000
46,000
50,000
46,000
56,000
S
60,000
S
62,000
S
60,000
S
60,000
S
48,000
S
58,000
52,000
52,000
58,000
45,000
55,000
50,000
60,000
60,000
90,000
50,000
58,000
54,000
65,000
40,000
49,000
51,000
52,000
63,000
41,000
50,000
51,000
58,000
62,000
40,000
39,000
46,000
42,000
49,000
51,000
Art/humanities/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
45,000
S
33,000
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
29,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
47,000
S
48,000
S
56,000
S
49,000
S
49,000
S
29,000
S
Management-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
65,000
41,000
65,000
S
73,000
S
71,000
S
71,000
S
70,000
S
74,000
S
52,000
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
65,000
84,000
54,000
72,000
S
44,000
36,000
59,000
45,000
S
42,000
33,000
S
50,000
S
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
61,000
65,000
60,000
68,000
49,000
53,000
44,000
53,000
50,000
49,000
Non-S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
101,000
S
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
80,000
70,000
50,000
64,000
S
70,000
70,000
59,000
73,000
S
75,000
60,000
71,000
71,000
S
66,000
72,000
60,000
73,000
S
52,000
54,000
93,000
75,000
S
75,000
66,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
52,000
S
70,000
S
92,000
S
90,000
S
102,000
S
110,000
S
114,000
S
121,000
S
113,000
S
119,000
81,000
98,000
104,000
110,000
74,000
58,000
62,000
74,000
S
123,000
75,000
81,000
93,000
S
125,000
85,000
96,000
90,000
S
100,000
84,000
110,000
102,000
140,000
118,000
87,000
146,000
110,000
S
109,000
90,000
80,000
115,000
S
174,000
74,000
102,000
124,000
S
136,000
S
S
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
43,000
S
35,000
S
44,000
S
49,000
S
56,000
39,000
40,000
43,000
16,000
14,000
15,000
46,000
37,000
S
55,000
35,000
38,000
45,000
S
91,000
S
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
37,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
45,000
S
40,000
S
29,000
S
50,000
S
44,000
S
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
38,000
S
37,000
S
29,000
38,000
35,000
39,000
35,000
40,000
34,000
36,000
37,000
S
39,000
S
S
38,000
S
S
39,000
37,000
40,000
S
38,000
S
36,000
S
S
S
S
33,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
29,000
S
S
S
S
39,000
S
36,000
S
33,000
S
41,000
S
45,000
S
25,000
S
Sales/marketing occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
59,000
S
38,000
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
62,000
S
72,000
S
64,000
S
69,000
S
45,000
S
52,000
54,000
46,000
59,000
48,000
39,000
39,000
40,000
37,000
31,000
69,000
56,000
49,000
60,000
S
38,000
S
61,000
S
40,000
70,000
S
60,000
61,000
S
58,000
S
S
40,000
S
S
58,000
S
S
39,000
S
S
75,000
S
68,000
S
70,000
S
46,000
S
Social services/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
38,000
38,000
34,000
40,000
40,000
38,000
44,000
32,000
S
39,000
S
S
42,000
S
S
41,000
S
S
41,000
S
S
46,000
S
S
41,000
35,000
38,000
S
41,000
45,000
40,000
S
43,000
44,000
40,000
S
40,000
S
42,000
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
48,000
S
39,000
S
27,000
S
Other non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
41,000
29,000
36,000
42,000
38,000
42,000
40,000
31,000
31,000
32,000
30,000
31,000
30,000
37,000
43,000
S
46,000
S
50,000
S
46,000
S
50,000
S
43,000
S
35,000
S
47,000
39,000
38,000
44,000
43,000
37,000
45,000
44,000
48,000
37,000
36,000
48,000
38,000
55,000
S
40,000
49,000
35,000
47,000
S
39,000
42,000
49,000
52,000
S
35,000
50,000
S
30,000
S
S
44,000
S
36,000
S
53,000
50,000
55,000
35,000
31,000
40,000
50,000
56,000
55,000
58,000
50,000
70,000
62,000
S
66,000
S
61,000
S
60,000
S
52,000
S
64,000
63,000
60,000
50,000
48,000
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Bachelor's degrees, all occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
31,000
34,000
35,000
30,000
34,000
114,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
49,000
48,000
55,000
48,000
34,000
35,000
35,000
34,000
S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
60,000
70,000
65,000
60,000
70,000
62,000
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
49,000
45,000
50,000
48,000
51,000
55,000
58,000
52,000
56,000
53,000
64,000
64,000
55,000
57,000
70,000
63,000
56,000
52,000
63,000
56,000
50,000
59,000
62,000
44,000
48,000
45,000
54,000
52,000
44,000
47,000
47,000
43,000
44,000
43,000
43,000
62,000
S
72,000
S
79,000
S
84,000
S
80,000
S
78,000
S
79,000
S
61,000
65,000
55,000
62,000
62,000
80,000
66,000
76,000
70,000
71,000
84,000
70,000
65,000
80,000
78,000
86,000
70,000
72,000
85,000
77,000
79,000
74,000
81,000
80,000
84,000
70,000
72,000
82,000
80,000
S
73,000
S
66,000
59,000
69,000
63,000
55,000
68,000
55,000
39,000
S
58,000
S
70,000
S
76,000
S
80,000
S
75,000
S
74,000
S
74,000
S
44,000
39,000
38,000
36,000
33,000
56,000
64,000
50,000
58,000
60,000
81,000
65,000
72,000
69,000
65,000
84,000
70,000
55,000
76,000
62,000
85,000
71,000
70,000
81,000
S
80,000
67,000
64,000
75,000
S
56,000
72,000
S
73,000
S
S
75,000
S
75,000
S
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
45,000
S
25,000
S
35,000
56,000
54,000
46,000
53,000
23,000
28,000
25,000
25,000
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
51,000
S
50,000
S
60,000
S
53,000
S
73,000
S
54,000
S
Agricultural/food scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
50,000
S
S
S
S
31,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
30,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Biological/medical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
43,000
S
25,000
S
S
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
43,000
S
51,000
S
55,000
S
75,000
S
41,000
S
67,000
S
56,000
S
Environmental life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
53,000
S
S
S
S
31,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
32,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
20,000
S
S
14,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-life/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
36,000
46,000
52,000
45,000
S
25,000
24,000
S
50,000
80,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
85,000
S
80,000
S
82,000
64,000
79,000
73,000
65,000
88,000
70,000
55,000
80,000
S
89,000
72,000
72,000
86,000
S
85,000
73,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
75,000
S
79,000
S
65,000
S
75,000
S
80,000
S
85,000
S
80,000
S
48,000
45,000
46,000
48,000
43,000
64,000
66,000
60,000
66,000
62,000
82,000
65,000
79,000
74,000
65,000
89,000
70,000
55,000
80,000
S
90,000
72,000
72,000
86,000
S
85,000
80,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
75,000
S
80,000
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
40,000
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
21,000
S
S
S
S
12,000
S
S
S
S
17,000
S
12,000
S
51,000
S
29,000
S
45,000
52,000
50,000
54,000
38,000
39,000
32,000
27,000
28,000
S
Chemists, except biochemists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
31,000
S
S
S
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
55,000
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
<5 years
5–9 years
19,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
46,000
S
65,000
S
75,000
S
72,000
64,000
61,000
75,000
60,000
48,000
43,000
45,000
46,000
43,000
64,000
66,000
59,000
65,000
62,000
Computer/information scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
73,000
S
48,000
S
72,000
65,000
64,000
75,000
60,000
Mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Computer/mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-computer/
mathematical sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S
S
50,000
53,000
49,000
56,000
S
34,000
31,000
S
34,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
59,000
S
64,000
S
56,000
S
65,000
S
80,000
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
63,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
59,000
S
72,000
S
79,000
S
67,000
S
50,000
S
72,000
S
57,000
S
S
51,000
S
S
59,000
S
S
67,000
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
49,000
51,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Physicists/astronomers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-physical/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Other physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
S
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
35,000
S
57,000
S
50,000
S
58,000
S
64,000
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
S
23,000
S
S
S
S
20,000
S
S
S
S
28,000
S
20,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
21,000
S
S
S
S
18,000
S
S
S
S
22,000
S
18,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
37,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
35,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
25,000
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
52,000
S
51,000
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
13,000
S
13,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
56,000
62,000
30,000
45,000
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
Political/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
44,000
S
S
S
S
American Indian/Alaska Native
5–9 years
53,000
55,000
S
Economists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-social/
related sciences
<5 years
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
67,000
S
17,000
26,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
S
S
S
S
13,000
S
14,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Psychologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
29,000
S
S
S
S
29,000
S
26,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Sociologists/anthropologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
19,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
13,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
59,000
S
S
S
S
36,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
37,000
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
75,000
68,000
70,000
69,000
66,000
75,000
72,000
51,000
S
65,000
S
75,000
S
81,000
S
87,000
S
90,000
S
85,000
S
83,000
S
51,000
53,000
50,000
51,000
52,000
65,000
66,000
61,000
65,000
S
75,000
74,000
79,000
72,000
76,000
80,000
71,000
71,000
83,000
S
87,000
65,000
78,000
88,000
S
75,000
75,000
85,000
90,000
S
75,000
S
S
73,000
S
87,000
S
47,000
84,000
S
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
85,000
S
56,000
S
65,000
83,000
72,000
89,000
78,000
60,000
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
87,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
82,000
S
100,000
S
98,000
S
98,000
S
99,000
S
104,000
S
Chemical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
79,000
S
54,000
S
68,000
71,000
71,000
83,000
S
46,000
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
94,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
75,000
S
88,000
S
100,000
S
97,000
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
68,000
S
49,000
S
70,000
50,000
61,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
75,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
75,000
S
S
89,000
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
53,000
55,000
S
54,000
56,000
S
81,000
S
72,000
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
60,000
64,000
70,000
78,000
51,000
47,000
48,000
S
62,000
60,000
S
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
Electrical/computer hardware engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
80,000
S
55,000
S
71,000
S
73,000
75,000
75,000
81,000
65,000
53,000
56,000
54,000
55,000
S
Industrial engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
65,000
S
50,000
S
68,000
63,000
62,000
66,000
S
38,000
49,000
48,000
53,000
S
Mechanical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
75,000
S
52,000
S
75,000
69,000
66,000
75,000
61,000
Postsecondary teachers-engineering
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Other engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Health-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
80,000
S
81,000
S
90,000
S
83,000
S
80,000
S
85,000
S
95,000
S
95,000
S
70,000
S
85,000
S
75,000
71,000
S
75,000
80,000
S
84,000
S
S
97,000
S
S
95,000
S
S
87,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
95,000
S
94,000
S
88,000
S
80,000
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
72,000
S
74,000
S
73,000
S
80,000
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
66,000
S
S
S
54,000
52,000
S
55,000
68,000
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
83,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
86,000
S
87,000
S
90,000
S
84,000
S
94,000
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
12,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
12,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
48,000
S
60,000
73,000
61,000
75,000
71,000
50,000
56,000
45,000
48,000
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
70,000
S
77,000
S
85,000
S
90,000
S
80,000
S
83,000
S
50,000
47,000
55,000
50,000
48,000
50,000
48,000
40,000
42,000
38,000
40,000
36,000
40,000
36,000
48,000
S
50,000
S
52,000
S
56,000
S
59,000
S
59,000
S
55,000
S
50,000
54,000
45,000
45,000
45,000
65,000
52,000
49,000
49,000
S
58,000
52,000
50,000
52,000
43,000
55,000
50,000
50,000
56,000
S
61,000
57,000
56,000
59,000
S
55,000
49,000
44,000
60,000
S
60,000
40,000
51,000
55,000
S
50,000
48,000
54,000
50,000
42,000
S
49,000
S
49,000
S
49,000
S
50,000
S
58,000
S
53,000
S
50,000
S
38,000
40,000
52,000
58,000
62,000
55,000
54,000
47,000
55,000
49,000
62,000
61,000
49,000
S
56,000
S
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
49,000
49,000
46,000
35,000
43,000
38,000
S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
100,000
S
S&E precollege teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
42,000
S
S&E technicians/technologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
33,000
S
50,000
50,000
47,000
56,000
55,000
30,000
30,000
32,000
33,000
S
Other S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
68,000
S
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
42,000
47,000
S
47,000
46,000
S
54,000
49,000
S
49,000
50,000
S
67,000
56,000
S
S
S
56,000
S
50,000
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
78,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
61,000
S
79,000
S
101,000
S
108,000
S
104,000
S
100,000
S
99,000
S
100,000
S
34,000
S
S
38,000
S
S
S
39,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
45,000
S
50,000
S
45,000
S
51,000
S
49,000
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
59,000
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
71,000
S
68,000
S
57,000
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
76,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
52,000
S
58,000
S
72,000
S
71,000
S
66,000
S
82,000
S
77,000
S
45,000
44,000
40,000
41,000
40,000
46,000
40,000
30,000
28,000
34,000
30,000
31,000
29,000
30,000
41,000
S
50,000
S
52,000
S
56,000
S
52,000
S
51,000
S
45,000
S
47,000
35,000
38,000
42,000
43,000
47,000
44,000
46,000
50,000
39,000
39,000
47,000
42,000
54,000
109,000
48,000
50,000
50,000
61,000
37,000
46,000
43,000
45,000
56,000
S
39,000
48,000
58,000
52,000
S
34,000
45,000
44,000
46,000
S
Art/humanities/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
48,000
S
S
25,000
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
30,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
48,000
S
50,000
S
60,000
S
44,000
S
49,000
S
31,000
S
Management-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
60,000
S
41,000
S
50,000
S
65,000
S
68,000
S
68,000
S
50,000
58,000
57,000
46,000
39,000
42,000
48,000
70,000
48,000
55,000
55,000
S
51,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Hispanic
White
Other
Non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
96,000
67,000
82,000
100,000
S
42,000
37,000
36,000
43,000
35,000
64,000
S
59,000
69,000
S
43,000
59,000
48,000
S
36,000
37,000
32,000
S
24,000
23,000
S
37,000
38,000
S
35+
years
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
60,000
41,000
40,000
31,000
Non-S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
100,000
S
55,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
15,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
29,000
S
Sales/marketing occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
53,000
S
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
50,000
S
68,000
S
70,000
S
69,000
S
70,000
S
75,000
S
57,000
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
119,000
S
S
S
S
111,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
79,000
S
99,000
S
107,000
S
110,000
S
119,000
S
112,000
S
14,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
33,000
S
S
S
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
23,000
S
S
S
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
26,000
S
S
S
S
32,000
S
29,000
S
23,000
S
27,000
S
20,000
S
44,000
S
23,000
S
33,000
S
51,000
S
61,000
S
45,000
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
63,000
S
35,000
30,000
34,000
33,000
31,000
63,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
49,000
41,000
45,000
55,000
45,000
64,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
62,000
S
78,000
S
62,000
S
65,000
S
48,000
S
Social services/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
32,000
S
27,000
S
S
31,000
S
S
30,000
27,000
26,000
S
31,000
S
34,000
S
S
S
S
34,000
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
S
S
S
36,000
S
S
S
S
31,000
S
30,000
S
33,000
S
36,000
S
38,000
S
38,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
35,000
25,000
34,000
35,000
32,000
35,000
40,000
27,000
S
35,000
S
38,000
S
40,000
S
40,000
S
40,000
S
40,000
S
32,000
S
29,000
26,000
30,000
26,000
30,000
36,000
33,000
32,000
35,000
S
33,000
32,000
34,000
39,000
S
34,000
47,000
30,000
42,000
S
37,000
48,000
34,000
42,000
S
39,000
32,000
38,000
41,000
S
31,000
43,000
S
30,000
S
S
40,000
S
32,000
S
64,000
49,000
74,000
60,000
59,000
63,000
50,000
46,000
58,000
50,000
54,000
49,000
63,000
48,000
80,000
59,000
54,000
60,000
70,000
S
72,000
S
71,000
S
70,000
S
70,000
S
56,000
S
80,000
73,000
64,000
68,000
90,000
60,000
65,000
71,000
90,000
60,000
60,000
72,000
74,000
59,000
64,000
71,000
79,000
62,000
58,000
70,000
49,000
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
White
Other
Master's degrees, all occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
119,000
73,000
98,000
100,000
S
28,000
15,000
S
23,000
28,000
30,000
28,000
21,000
30,000
33,000
34,000
30,000
S
57,000
52,000
S
9,000
S
S
S
S
9,000
S
27,000
S
S
31,000
30,000
25,000
S
48,000
50,000
S
60,000
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Other
60,000
49,000
S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
76,000
49,000
78,000
72,000
70,000
78,000
68,000
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
74,000
60,000
80,000
51,000
48,000
S
S
60,000
S
75,000
S
85,000
S
87,000
S
90,000
S
82,000
S
80,000
S
77,000
S
60,000
62,000
58,000
56,000
60,000
79,000
66,000
73,000
74,000
74,000
90,000
79,000
74,000
85,000
74,000
95,000
72,000
63,000
85,000
S
90,000
83,000
72,000
91,000
S
94,000
80,000
S
89,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
80,000
S
80,000
S
78,000
S
72,000
50,000
75,000
70,000
60,000
71,000
61,000
51,000
S
70,000
S
82,000
S
80,000
S
85,000
S
76,000
S
73,000
S
59,000
56,000
50,000
46,000
60,000
79,000
65,000
60,000
65,000
56,000
90,000
74,000
69,000
81,000
S
95,000
72,000
55,000
78,000
S
89,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
85,000
S
S
63,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
74,000
S
71,000
S
63,000
S
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
43,000
S
58,000
S
53,000
50,000
55,000
55,000
S
38,000
45,000
50,000
43,000
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
56,000
S
69,000
S
59,000
S
61,000
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Agricultural/food scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
57,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
43,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Biological/medical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
56,000
S
44,000
S
69,000
S
54,000
S
38,000
S
54,000
57,000
S
50,000
44,000
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
69,000
S
70,000
S
62,000
S
66,000
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Environmental life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
S
S
S
33,000
S
S
S
S
39,000
27,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-life/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
66,000
S
81,000
S
90,000
S
80,000
72,000
75,000
84,000
75,000
64,000
69,000
67,000
70,000
S
79,000
78,000
68,000
86,000
S
Computer/information scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
85,000
S
70,000
S
80,000
78,000
78,000
90,000
78,000
Mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
92,000
S
87,000
S
82,000
S
90,000
79,000
79,000
90,000
S
95,000
72,000
S
90,000
S
S
84,000
S
S
89,000
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
95,000
S
89,000
S
81,000
S
69,000
S
83,000
S
90,000
S
90,000
S
95,000
S
95,000
S
87,000
S
65,000
70,000
68,000
73,000
S
80,000
78,000
75,000
89,000
S
91,000
84,000
79,000
90,000
S
97,000
72,000
S
91,000
S
S
84,000
S
S
91,000
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
96,000
S
96,000
S
85,000
S
85,000
S
78,000
S
47,000
S
59,000
S
47,000
S
S
83,000
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
87,000
S
83,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
22,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
40,000
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
12,000
S
S
S
S
33,000
S
31,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
40,000
S
50,000
49,000
52,000
65,000
63,000
33,000
45,000
51,000
43,000
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
91,000
S
S
S
S
91,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
66,000
S
68,000
S
93,000
S
91,000
S
74,000
S
58,000
S
Chemists, except biochemists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
S
50,000
S
60,000
S
55,000
S
S
49,000
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
69,000
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
73,000
S
S
S
S
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Other
Computer/mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-computer/
mathematical sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
80,000
80,000
S
39,000
S
25,000
37,000
37,000
40,000
S
53,000
73,000
S
75,000
70,000
101,000
13,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Other
Physicists/astronomers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-physical/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Other physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Economists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Political/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-social/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
20,000
S
S
21,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
23,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
18,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
18,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
46,000
S
50,000
S
34,000
S
45,000
56,000
50,000
52,000
41,000
19,000
41,000
36,000
33,000
S
97,000
S
S
S
S
103,000
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
28,000
S
14,000
S
44,000
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
61,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
61,000
S
61,000
S
71,000
S
54,000
S
58,000
S
60,000
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
15,000
S
S
S
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
27,000
S
15,000
S
27,000
S
S
S
S
S
Psychologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
49,000
S
S
34,000
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
43,000
S
Sociologists/anthropologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
47,000
S
S
S
S
47,000
S
26,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
S
S
S
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
White
Other
Engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
60,000
S
54,000
S
54,000
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
44,000
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
67,000
S
82,000
S
90,000
S
95,000
S
100,000
S
96,000
S
92,000
S
97,000
S
80,000
82,000
80,000
88,000
78,000
61,000
65,000
65,000
70,000
68,000
83,000
74,000
86,000
82,000
S
90,000
85,000
79,000
89,000
S
98,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
108,000
S
S
91,000
S
S
92,000
S
S
95,000
S
100,000
S
94,000
S
92,000
S
99,000
S
94,000
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
81,000
S
100,000
S
101,000
S
97,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
116,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
77,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
87,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
96,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
83,000
88,000
97,000
85,000
79,000
101,000
58,000
49,000
49,000
S
96,000
S
101,000
92,000
S
47,000
32,000
S
Chemical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
89,000
S
89,000
S
79,000
S
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
78,000
S
56,000
S
73,000
71,000
72,000
80,000
55,000
S
62,000
56,000
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
S
S
S
Electrical/computer hardware engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
93,000
S
73,000
S
90,000
S
98,000
S
91,000
80,000
89,000
95,000
S
73,000
58,000
54,000
75,000
S
91,000
S
S
Industrial engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
78,000
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
Mechanical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
103,000
S
99,000
S
S
101,000
S
S
108,000
S
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
108,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
98,000
S
103,000
S
101,000
S
95,000
S
109,000
S
108,000
S
69,000
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
70,000
S
80,000
S
80,000
S
72,000
92,000
80,000
86,000
S
62,000
77,000
64,000
75,000
S
78,000
S
S
78,000
S
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
87,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
81,000
S
92,000
S
85,000
S
100,000
S
86,000
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Postsecondary teachers-engineering
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
54,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
20,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
85,000
S
63,000
S
80,000
S
70,000
83,000
70,000
89,000
S
46,000
S
70,000
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
94,000
S
S
S
S
120,000
S
S
S
S
96,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
96,000
S
94,000
S
120,000
S
95,000
S
95,000
S
58,000
S
59,000
50,000
65,000
58,000
54,000
58,000
51,000
50,000
S
57,000
S
60,000
S
62,000
S
63,000
S
64,000
S
60,000
50,000
55,000
50,000
50,000
69,000
58,000
49,000
57,000
S
68,000
77,000
64,000
59,000
S
80,000
61,000
57,000
60,000
S
65,000
S
S
58,000
57,000
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
65,000
S
60,000
S
62,000
S
57,000
S
55,000
S
60,000
S
61,000
50,000
50,000
55,000
S
83,000
53,000
S
77,000
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
60,000
58,000
50,000
57,000
50,000
57,000
S
S
56,000
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
55,000
S
60,000
S
60,000
S
52,000
S
50,000
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Other
S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Health-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
63,000
S
69,000
79,000
S
70,000
65,000
S
59,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
105,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
120,000
S
S
S
S
120,000
S
105,000
S
105,000
S
121,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
50,000
S
55,000
S
54,000
S
58,000
S
55,000
S
47,000
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
<5 years
5–9 years
90,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
118,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
100,000
S
94,000
S
44,000
S
S
48,000
S
S
48,000
46,000
43,000
S
S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
103,000
S
S&E precollege teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
50,000
S
S&E technicians/technologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
S
48,000
S
60,000
58,000
57,000
62,000
S
40,000
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
62,000
S
74,000
S
56,000
S
72,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
73,000
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
66,000
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
60,000
43,000
63,000
55,000
56,000
60,000
52,000
47,000
43,000
49,000
44,000
51,000
46,000
41,000
58,000
S
62,000
S
65,000
S
63,000
S
70,000
S
70,000
S
49,000
S
80,000
55,000
50,000
58,000
62,000
65,000
64,000
57,000
60,000
S
77,000
51,000
66,000
65,000
S
83,000
60,000
59,000
64,000
S
55,000
56,000
63,000
70,000
S
74,000
60,000
66,000
69,000
S
43,000
S
S
Art/humanities/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
40,000
S
S
S
S
37,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
35,000
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Management-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
77,000
S
61,000
S
86,000
S
85,000
S
76,000
78,000
62,000
78,000
52,000
58,000
54,000
89,000
64,000
S
84,000
70,000
53,000
90,000
S
77,000
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
78,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
79,000
S
79,000
S
85,000
S
77,000
S
49,000
S
Non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
100,000
89,000
98,000
104,000
S
49,000
55,000
46,000
50,000
42,000
65,000
S
S
30,000
S
50,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
118,000
S
S
124,000
S
S
S
S
115,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
116,000
S
S
S
S
108,000
S
111,000
S
120,000
S
116,000
S
107,000
S
115,000
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
35,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
33,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
6,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
S
S
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
49,000
S
45,000
S
56,000
S
56,000
S
60,000
S
52,000
S
41,000
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
37,000
S
S
S
S
<5 years
5–9 years
75,000
S
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
102,000
S
110,000
S
107,000
S
S
93,000
S
35,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
35,000
S
42,000
S
S
Non-S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
102,000
S
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
40,000
S
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
48,000
S
Sales/marketing occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
73,000
S
73,000
S
87,000
S
67,000
72,000
59,000
74,000
S
66,000
S
88,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
77,000
S
58,000
S
59,000
S
83,000
S
85,000
S
38,000
S
Social services/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
42,000
S
37,000
S
S
41,000
S
S
47,000
S
S
37,000
42,000
35,000
S
53,000
49,000
40,000
S
47,000
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
40,000
S
S
S
S
47,000
S
42,000
S
45,000
S
50,000
S
50,000
S
39,000
S
Other non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
44,000
S
40,000
S
40,000
51,000
48,000
43,000
33,000
35,000
53,000
47,000
41,000
S
58,000
S
S
51,000
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
S
S
S
38,000
S
S
S
S
30,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
50,000
S
54,000
S
40,000
S
33,000
S
35,000
S
28,000
S
79,000
60,000
83,000
65,000
65,000
80,000
67,000
52,000
S
80,000
S
85,000
S
93,000
S
95,000
S
99,000
S
92,000
S
52,000
55,000
48,000
52,000
52,000
71,000
54,000
80,000
62,000
68,000
70,000
52,000
88,000
64,000
71,000
79,000
68,000
95,000
71,000
74,000
84,000
90,000
99,000
83,000
72,000
93,000
99,000
100,000
79,000
56,000
96,000
72,000
100,000
76,000
81,000
100,000
93,000
93,000
74,000
86,000
92,000
S
78,000
50,000
70,000
80,000
84,000
90,000
93,000
94,000
90,000
Doctorate degrees, all occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S&E occupations
107,000
79,000
88,000
105,000
120,000
24,000
27,000
38,000
40,000
S
42,000
43,000
44,000
48,000
S
40,000
46,000
48,000
42,000
52,000
58,000
62,000
80,000
S
35,000
38,000
43,000
S
79,000
74,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
80,000
65,000
68,000
78,000
62,000
S
51,000
79,000
65,000
60,000
68,000
52,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
50,000
54,000
49,000
50,000
52,000
85,000
74,000
72,000
79,000
65,000
94,000
71,000
73,000
84,000
77,000
96,000
86,000
98,000
90,000
90,000
95,000
78,000
90,000
93,000
S
95,000
71,000
91,000
95,000
S
93,000
S
S
Scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
73,000
60,000
76,000
64,000
65,000
75,000
60,000
47,000
S
65,000
S
75,000
S
80,000
S
89,000
S
90,000
S
91,000
S
90,000
S
46,000
51,000
48,000
47,000
51,000
74,000
59,000
58,000
64,000
52,000
82,000
72,000
71,000
74,000
64,000
85,000
70,000
71,000
80,000
69,000
96,000
86,000
88,000
88,000
84,000
89,000
71,000
98,000
90,000
S
89,000
69,000
92,000
92,000
S
80,000
S
S
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
S
42,000
S
60,000
S
72,000
S
81,000
S
93,000
S
95,000
S
89,000
S
65,000
66,000
61,000
72,000
59,000
39,000
40,000
43,000
42,000
44,000
61,000
53,000
56,000
60,000
51,000
72,000
95,000
72,000
72,000
S
80,000
S
96,000
S
S
117,000
S
S
76,000
S
S
94,000
S
S
S
S
93,000
S
94,000
S
90,000
S
93,000
S
Agricultural/food scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
75,000
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
76,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
83,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
52,000
S
70,000
S
73,000
S
85,000
S
100,000
S
85,000
S
74,000
S
76,000
S
Biological/medical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
72,000
S
42,000
S
62,000
S
80,000
S
93,000
S
98,000
S
113,000
S
65,000
76,000
60,000
78,000
63,000
39,000
40,000
43,000
42,000
42,000
62,000
52,000
59,000
64,000
S
71,000
S
97,000
S
78,000
80,000
S
72,000
93,000
S
96,000
S
S
129,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
111,000
S
105,000
S
100,000
S
Environmental life scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
72,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
53,000
S
S
60,000
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
74,000
S
72,000
S
80,000
S
92,000
S
89,000
90,000
94,000
91,000
86,000
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Postsecondary teachers-life/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Computer/mathematical scientists
61,000
S
68,000
79,000
S
73,000
S
65,000
S
71,000
58,000
61,000
65,000
S
85,000
45,000
S
51,000
55,000
53,000
S
68,000
83,000
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
73,000
S
61,000
60,000
S
90,000
69,000
82,000
S
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
90,000
S
90,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
90,000
78,000
80,000
81,000
72,000
80,000
72,000
53,000
59,000
S
90,000
77,000
77,000
76,000
S
95,000
60,000
93,000
85,000
S
94,000
S
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
85,000
S
93,000
S
96,000
S
89,000
S
98,000
S
80,000
S
96,000
S
100,000
S
100,000
S
99,000
S
98,000
97,000
114,000
97,000
S
90,000
S
S
95,000
S
102,000
S
S
109,000
S
S
97,000
S
S
S
S
78,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
92,000
98,000
S
99,000
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
99,000
S
98,000
S
95,000
S
95,000
S
78,000
S
91,000
S
69,000
S
99,000
S
104,000
S
89,000
77,000
79,000
97,000
S
74,000
S
S
90,000
S
S
97,000
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
S
S
S
103,000
S
S
S
S
63,000
S
99,000
S
108,000
S
86,000
S
105,000
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
107,000
S
68,000
S
50,000
S
63,000
S
65,000
S
72,000
S
75,000
64,000
65,000
66,000
S
74,000
70,000
S
75,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
79,000
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
59,000
S
65,000
S
70,000
S
74,000
S
83,000
S
80,000
S
87,000
S
80,000
S
50,000
S
70,000
S
85,000
S
84,000
S
95,000
S
94,000
S
100,000
S
92,000
S
75,000
62,000
70,000
82,000
61,000
45,000
45,000
47,000
53,000
S
80,000
50,000
61,000
69,000
S
89,000
S
78,000
S
75,000
85,000
S
66,000
85,000
S
96,000
S
S
84,000
S
S
93,000
S
S
93,000
S
S
94,000
S
99,000
S
100,000
S
92,000
S
Chemists, except biochemists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
93,000
S
60,000
S
89,000
S
100,000
S
100,000
S
83,000
95,000
84,000
96,000
S
36,000
S
S
86,000
S
S
93,000
S
S
91,000
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
97,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
90,000
S
105,000
S
101,000
S
106,000
S
108,000
S
105,000
S
99,000
S
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
84,000
S
54,000
S
70,000
S
67,000
S
46,000
S
S
77,000
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
86,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
110,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
61,000
S
71,000
S
84,000
S
86,000
S
106,000
S
118,000
S
106,000
S
104,000
S
Physicists/astronomers
95,000
49,000
84,000
104,000
102,000
108,000
120,000
124,000
109,000
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Computer/information scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Mathematical scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-computer/
mathematical sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
78,000
85,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
110,000
S
110,000
S
119,000
S
122,000
S
107,000
S
52,000
S
S
63,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
46,000
S
57,000
S
63,000
S
68,000
S
73,000
S
79,000
S
89,000
S
80,000
S
80,000
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
85,000
S
69,000
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
67,000
51,000
72,000
61,000
60,000
68,000
57,000
48,000
S
60,000
S
68,000
S
74,000
S
80,000
S
82,000
S
56,000
55,000
50,000
47,000
52,000
65,000
62,000
53,000
60,000
28,000
72,000
59,000
69,000
66,000
S
106,000
65,000
70,000
72,000
S
81,000
71,000
89,000
80,000
S
83,000
63,000
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
83,000
S
88,000
S
80,000
S
Economists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
109,000
S
81,000
S
S
S
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
110,000
S
S
S
S
113,000
S
S
S
S
145,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
120,000
S
99,000
S
110,000
S
109,000
S
144,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Political/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
70,000
S
S
S
S
72,000
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
48,000
S
54,000
S
60,000
S
69,000
S
69,000
60,000
55,000
63,000
51,000
54,000
53,000
50,000
47,000
S
63,000
57,000
52,000
54,000
S
69,000
50,000
62,000
59,000
S
111,000
64,000
69,000
66,000
S
76,000
S
S
75,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
76,000
S
75,000
S
88,000
S
88,000
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-physical/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Other physical/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Postsecondary teachers-social/
related sciences
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
71,000
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
50,000
S
84,000
S
107,000
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
73,000
99,000
S
65,000
S
59,000
54,000
56,000
65,000
58,000
85,000
S
98,000
S
90,000
117,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Psychologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
68,000
S
44,000
S
69,000
62,000
59,000
69,000
64,000
53,000
50,000
48,000
44,000
S
64,000
S
S
S
Sociologists/anthropologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
66,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
61,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
51,000
S
Other social/related scientists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
72,000
S
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Chemical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Electrical/computer hardware engineers
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
70,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
79,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
75,000
S
80,000
S
88,000
S
79,000
S
62,000
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
62,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
68,000
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
72,000
70,000
S
58,000
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
58,000
S
80,000
S
73,000
S
84,000
S
87,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
94,000
S
70,000
S
90,000
S
99,000
S
100,000
S
102,000
S
110,000
S
103,000
S
99,000
S
90,000
80,000
85,000
96,000
100,000
65,000
66,000
66,000
75,000
S
93,000
75,000
90,000
89,000
S
94,000
S
97,000
100,000
S
100,000
S
S
98,000
S
S
107,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
106,000
S
S
101,000
S
105,000
S
112,000
S
107,000
S
98,000
S
101,000
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
109,000
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
101,000
S
112,000
S
112,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
108,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
135,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
99,000
S
75,000
S
99,000
S
113,000
S
96,000
S
S
68,000
S
S
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
S
110,000
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
116,000
S
S
S
S
92,000
S
110,000
S
118,000
S
104,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
110,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
80,000
S
S
S
S
82,000
S
61,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
81,000
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
105,000
87,000
106,000
110,000
116,000
127,000
126,000
115,000
118,000
96,000
S
S
101,000
S
82,000
S
77,000
S
S
56,000
64,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
S
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
84,000
S
S
105,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
94,000
S
107,000
S
120,000
S
124,000
S
129,000
S
134,000
S
108,000
S
120,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
117,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
107,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
102,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
93,000
116,000
S
Industrial engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
66,000
S
S
S
S
21,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Mechanical engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
93,000
S
79,000
S
89,000
S
94,000
S
89,000
S
S
70,000
S
S
85,000
S
S
92,000
S
S
99,000
S
86,000
S
90,000
S
98,000
S
95,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Postsecondary teachers-engineering
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
83,000
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
76,000
S
77,000
S
S
78,000
S
77,000
S
S
90,000
S
S
S
S
91,000
S
90,000
S
S
108,000
S
S
S
S
96,000
S
S
S
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
67,000
S
76,000
S
79,000
S
90,000
S
94,000
S
109,000
S
99,000
S
93,000
S
Other engineers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
91,000
S
57,000
S
89,000
S
98,000
S
81,000
76,000
104,000
95,000
S
43,000
S
S
83,000
S
S
91,000
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
103,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
S
S
S
103,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
90,000
S
99,000
S
100,000
S
104,000
S
111,000
S
106,000
S
111,000
S
88,000
S
59,000
S
71,000
S
94,000
S
94,000
S
100,000
S
99,000
S
122,000
S
98,000
69,000
79,000
89,000
100,000
52,000
57,000
60,000
59,000
S
81,000
68,000
102,000
69,000
S
101,000
60,000
79,000
90,000
S
113,000
79,000
92,000
89,000
S
100,000
72,000
S
139,000
S
S
117,000
S
S
118,000
S
S
S
S
105,000
S
104,000
S
123,000
S
119,000
S
Health-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
78,000
S
59,000
S
65,000
S
72,000
S
80,000
68,000
63,000
80,000
77,000
50,000
55,000
60,000
59,000
S
56,000
65,000
103,000
63,000
S
94,000
59,000
S
89,000
S
S
S
S
100,000
S
S
S
S
92,000
S
S
S
S
115,000
S
S
S
S
112,000
S
S
S
S
70,000
S
89,000
S
100,000
S
99,000
S
120,000
S
110,000
S
S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
129,000
S
85,000
S
101,000
S
124,000
S
119,000
S
134,000
S
141,000
S
149,000
S
130,000
S
S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
79,000
74,000
75,000
85,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
122,000
100,000
102,000
130,000
129,000
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
<5 years
5–9 years
S
S
S
111,000
S
S
116,000
S
S
120,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
84,000
S
100,000
S
125,000
S
119,000
S
134,000
S
145,000
S
149,000
S
135,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
59,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
39,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&E precollege teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
55,000
S
S
S
S
S&E technicians/technologists
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
75,000
S
84,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other S&E-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
78,000
S
57,000
S
77,000
S
74,000
S
82,000
S
100,000
S
95,000
S
100,000
S
77,000
S
97,000
62,000
60,000
78,000
66,000
84,000
51,000
30,000
57,000
S
99,000
59,000
67,000
77,000
S
92,000
60,000
65,000
74,000
S
91,000
61,000
73,000
81,000
S
119,000
71,000
30,000
100,000
S
98,000
62,000
S
119,000
76,000
S
58,000
S
S
104,000
S
101,000
S
81,000
S
Art/humanities/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
59,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
S
S
S
S
42,000
S
S
S
S
41,000
S
24,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
39,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
S
S
S
66,000
S
47,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
25,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
49,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
Management-related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
91,000
S
79,000
S
119,000
S
80,000
S
73,000
S
99,000
60,000
73,000
93,000
S
97,000
S
S
112,000
S
S
94,000
S
S
102,000
S
S
101,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
93,000
S
S
S
S
45,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
116,000
S
79,000
S
64,000
S
101,000
S
89,000
S
97,000
S
41,000
S
Non-S&E managers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
120,000
S
93,000
S
S
98,000
S
108,000
S
119,000
S
120,000
S
150,000
S
139,000
149,000
100,000
119,000
110,000
155,000
S
S
140,000
S
S
Non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
54,000
S
66,000
S
S
120,000
67,000
S
TABLE 29. Median annual salaries of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level of highest degree, occupation, race/ethnicity, and years since highest
degree: 2006
(Dollars)
Level of highest degree, occupation, and race/ethnicitya
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
<5 years
5–9 years
Years since highest degree
10–14
15–19
20–24
years
years
years
25–29
years
30–34
years
35+
years
92,000
90,000
123,000
133,000
S
S
S
S
146,000
S
85,000
S
S
S
134,000
S
S
S
S
S
94,000
S
98,000
S
97,000
S
120,000
S
132,000
S
155,000
S
155,000
S
140,000
S
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
S
50,000
S
89,000
60,000
66,000
58,000
S
83,000
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
75,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
S
S
S
74,000
S
S
S
S
97,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
S
60,000
S
71,000
S
75,000
S
69,000
S
74,000
S
101,000
S
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
56,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Sales/marketing occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
79,000
S
55,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
S
S
S
98,000
S
S
S
S
54,000
S
S
S
S
119,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
S
S
S
S
106,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
77,000
S
92,000
S
104,000
S
79,000
S
54,000
S
122,000
S
57,000
S
Social services/related occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
58,000
S
S
51,000
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
57,000
S
46,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
57,000
S
71,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
39,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Other non-S&E occupations
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
45,000
S
11,000
S
S
S
S
60,000
S
S
S
S
48,000
S
S
S
S
44,000
S
S
S
S
36,000
S
S
S
S
51,000
S
S
S
S
73,000
S
S
S
S
22,000
S
S
S
S
64,000
S
43,000
S
46,000
S
41,000
S
39,000
S
80,000
S
73,000
S
21,000
S
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
61,000
S
79,000
S
S
80,000
S
46,000
52,000
5,000
45,000
S
49,000
48,000
S
S = suppressed for reliability or confidentiality.
S&E = science and engineering.
a
b
"Other" includes Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic respondents reporting 2 or more races.
Total includes professional degrees not broken out separately.
NOTES: Scientists and engineers include any person who has ever received a bachelor's or higher degree in a science or engineering (S&E) or S&E-related field through 2005, plus
any person holding a non-S&E bachelor's or higher degree who was employed in a S&E or S&E-related occupation in 2003. See http://sestat.nsf.gov/docs/occ03maj.html for a detailed
description of the occupational classification. Salaries are for principal job and rounded to the nearest thousand.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT): 2006.