TABLE 23. Median annual salaries of U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2006
(Dollars)
Level and field of highest degree
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Race/ethnicitya
Sex
Male
Female
American
Indian/Alaska
Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
60,000
74,000
48,000
50,000
65,000
54,000
53,000
60,000
52,000
59,000
70,000
41,000
50,000
63,000
50,000
50,000
60,000
49,000
50,000
62,000
40,000
44,000
54,000
46,000
43,000
51,000
42,000
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
49,000
43,000
50,000
48,000
55,000
48,000
60,000
54,000
40,000
34,000
41,000
40,000
65,000
S
44,000
S
48,000
35,000
50,000
42,000
48,000
63,000
46,000
58,000
39,000
30,000
38,000
58,000
50,000
44,000
50,000
48,000
46,000
55,000
46,000
S
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
69,000
72,000
60,000
75,000
75,000
65,000
55,000
60,000
45,000
58,000
S
S
68,000
69,000
60,000
55,000
58,000
51,000
53,000
55,000
48,000
72,000
76,000
60,000
50,000
60,000
38,000
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
61,000
60,000
59,000
75,000
48,000
70,000
70,000
62,000
81,000
63,000
45,000
50,000
42,000
42,000
40,000
37,000
S
S
S
S
56,000
59,000
50,000
52,000
44,000
55,000
50,000
55,000
42,000
64,000
50,000
51,000
42,000
43,000
39,000
65,000
64,000
59,000
83,000
50,000
49,000
48,000
40,000
73,000
S
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
45,000
62,000
52,000
40,000
40,000
42,000
58,000
72,000
59,000
50,000
50,000
52,000
38,000
44,000
42,000
37,000
35,000
38,000
31,000
S
43,000
33,000
26,000
S
42,000
47,000
45,000
39,000
36,000
43,000
42,000
58,000
42,000
39,000
41,000
46,000
41,000
60,000
49,000
39,000
38,000
38,000
45,000
68,000
55,000
40,000
40,000
43,000
39,000
57,000
44,000
35,000
35,000
30,000
80,000
80,000
65,000
68,000
75,000
70,000
67,000
80,000
76,000
80,000
84,000
75,000
85,000
72,000
80,000
75,000
80,000
90,000
78,000
86,000
74,000
80,000
78,000
65,000
70,000
60,000
75,000
63,000
64,000
58,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
75,000
70,000
81,000
69,000
72,000
72,000
105,000
60,000
69,000
79,000
60,000
70,000
58,000
55,000
74,000
62,000
72,000
69,000
69,000
61,000
84,000
88,000
78,000
89,000
73,000
80,000
75,000
70,000
74,000
88,000
78,000
67,000
62,000
74,000
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
60,000
62,000
45,000
69,000
70,000
84,000
100,000
50,000
69,000
74,000
50,000
52,000
44,000
59,000
50,000
56,000
50,000
S
S
S
70,000
70,000
38,000
73,000
58,000
59,000
59,000
49,000
65,000
68,000
55,000
59,000
35,000
50,000
58,000
60,000
61,000
46,000
69,000
70,000
57,000
60,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
65,000
55,000
76,000
64,000
51,000
45,000
47,000
S
72,000
54,000
57,000
39,000
60,000
48,000
65,000
57,000
60,000
41,000
50,000
82,000
81,000
47,000
75,000
55,000
89,000
89,000
51,000
85,000
47,000
67,000
68,000
43,000
59,000
S
S
S
S
S
42,000
80,000
97,000
42,000
77,000
49,000
68,000
77,000
52,000
55,000
48,000
82,000
68,000
59,000
75,000
50,000
84,000
80,000
46,000
75,000
43,000
68,000
S
S
53,000
65,000
42,000
50,000
55,000
49,000
48,000
55,000
48,000
53,000
65,000
38,000
52,000
52,000
46,000
46,000
55,000
45,000
47,000
59,000
36,000
44,000
45,000
43,000
40,000
48,000
40,000
b
All degree levels and fields
S&E fields
Sciences
Biological/agricultural/environmental
life sciences
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical
engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
Bachelor's degrees
S&E fields
Sciences
57,000
TABLE 23. Median annual salaries of U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2006
(Dollars)
Level and field of highest degree
Biological/agricultural/environmental
life sciences
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Race/ethnicitya
Sex
Male
Female
American
Indian/Alaska
Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
45,000
64,000
43,000
S
35,000
29,000
35,000
60,000
45,000
40,000
46,000
48,000
44,000
S
44,000
S
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
45,000
39,000
45,000
48,000
50,000
46,000
53,000
54,000
36,000
30,000
38,000
37,000
60,000
S
44,000
S
38,000
22,000
42,000
S
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
63,000
67,000
52,000
70,000
71,000
60,000
50,000
55,000
41,000
S
S
S
55,000
58,000
43,000
51,000
51,000
50,000
49,000
50,000
46,000
68,000
72,000
55,000
46,000
54,000
34,000
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
55,000
55,000
55,000
58,000
48,000
60,000
60,000
56,000
74,000
61,000
42,000
45,000
42,000
32,000
43,000
S
S
S
S
S
45,000
48,000
S
49,000
47,000
S
40,000
S
41,000
S
50,000
50,000
32,000
48,000
S
57,000
57,000
55,000
74,000
48,000
42,000
42,000
S
S
S
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
41,000
60,000
50,000
35,000
38,000
40,000
55,000
68,000
58,000
45,000
49,000
49,000
35,000
41,000
39,000
31,000
34,000
35,000
30,000
S
S
S
S
S
40,000
45,000
42,000
37,000
34,000
39,000
40,000
57,000
39,000
34,000
40,000
40,000
38,000
53,000
47,000
35,000
36,000
37,000
42,000
65,000
52,000
35,000
39,000
40,000
36,000
56,000
43,000
31,000
35,000
27,000
75,000
78,000
62,000
69,000
70,000
69,000
64,000
79,000
74,000
75,000
79,000
73,000
80,000
69,000
76,000
70,000
77,000
85,000
75,000
81,000
72,000
78,000
72,000
62,000
68,000
60,000
67,000
60,000
63,000
53,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
71,000
69,000
64,000
75,000
58,000
69,000
61,000
96,000
55,000
68,000
75,000
59,000
69,000
56,000
55,000
65,000
60,000
70,000
72,000
65,000
57,000
78,000
84,000
76,000
84,000
70,000
80,000
70,000
68,000
S
83,000
74,000
S
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
52,000
50,000
40,000
65,000
67,000
66,000
69,000
44,000
66,000
72,000
48,000
48,000
39,000
55,000
44,000
55,000
50,000
S
S
S
60,000
60,000
S
52,000
52,000
S
69,000
53,000
65,000
67,000
48,000
47,000
32,000
49,000
61,000
50,000
50,000
42,000
68,000
69,000
48,000
48,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
56,000
58,000
65,000
66,000
47,000
45,000
S
S
54,000
60,000
48,000
S
55,000
49,000
58,000
59,000
52,000
S
42,000
68,000
65,000
47,000
50,000
50,000
72,000
65,000
49,000
60,000
40,000
55,000
67,000
41,000
45,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
37,000
59,000
S
S
S
55,000
S
S
69,000
S
S
74,000
42,000
53,000
44,000
70,000
67,000
49,000
50,000
63,000
S
S
S
Master's degrees
64,000
78,000
51,000
49,000
74,000
60,000
59,000
63,000
60,000
S&E fields
69,000
80,000
50,000
40,000
75,000
61,000
57,000
68,000
51,000
60,000
71,000
50,000
41,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
60,000
45,000
51,000
54,000
51,000
48,000
59,000
59,000
59,000
48,000
49,000
49,000
49,000
45,000
S
S
S
S
55,000
S
61,000
S
47,000
S
41,000
S
55,000
S
61,000
S
47,000
S
50,000
53,000
51,000
48,000
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical
engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
Sciences
Biological/agricultural/environmental
life sciences
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
61,000
62,000
S
46,000
S
TABLE 23. Median annual salaries of U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2006
(Dollars)
Level and field of highest degree
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Race/ethnicitya
Sex
Male
Female
American
Indian/Alaska
Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
80,000
82,000
65,000
86,000
89,000
76,000
65,000
70,000
59,000
S
S
S
76,000
77,000
73,000
73,000
79,000
63,000
66,000
69,000
46,000
84,000
89,000
67,000
63,000
61,000
S
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
66,000
63,000
66,000
73,000
40,000
72,000
65,000
74,000
74,000
S
50,000
58,000
39,000
64,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
56,000
55,000
47,000
55,000
S
56,000
75,000
S
S
S
48,000
51,000
69,000
28,000
S
70,000
65,000
67,000
79,000
40,000
47,000
S
S
S
S
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
50,000
90,000
65,000
46,000
46,000
51,000
65,000
97,000
82,000
52,000
52,000
59,000
46,000
60,000
52,000
44,000
38,000
45,000
49,000
S
S
S
S
S
48,000
66,000
47,000
48,000
S
55,000
S
51,000
95,000
70,000
46,000
45,000
53,000
40,000
S
S
51,000
63,000
50,000
49,000
55,000
50,000
63,000
49,000
49,000
54,000
38,000
86,000
90,000
72,000
S
80,000
76,000
80,000
90,000
82,000
86,000
91,000
78,000
95,000
80,000
85,000
80,000
85,000
96,000
80,000
96,000
79,000
88,000
84,000
92,000
78,000
60,000
83,000
89,000
70,000
64,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
69,000
89,000
74,000
89,000
78,000
72,000
75,000
S
60,000
70,000
91,000
59,000
80,000
75,000
53,000
.
76,000
88,000
64,000
78,000
80,000
90,000
95,000
80,000
100,000
85,000
90,000
83,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
73,000
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
59,000
60,000
49,000
81,000
70,000
68,000
75,000
51,000
86,000
75,000
54,000
56,000
47,000
73,000
55,000
S
S
S
S
S
66,000
61,000
44,000
90,000
58,000
59,000
59,000
54,000
S
S
52,000
57,000
35,000
S
S
58,000
60,000
49,000
84,000
74,000
60,000
72,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
63,000
49,000
80,000
57,000
50,000
42,000
49,000
S
74,000
51,000
58,000
S
60,000
48,000
64,000
50,000
60,000
S
50,000
90,000
93,000
48,000
59,000
55,000
93,000
95,000
57,000
70,000
48,000
73,000
74,000
43,000
49,000
S
S
S
S
S
43,000
85,000
112,000
43,000
53,000
49,000
78,000
S
48,000
88,000
S
53,000
54,000
57,000
57,000
50,000
90,000
92,000
46,000
60,000
56,000
79,000
S
S
S
79,000
85,000
65,000
60,000
83,000
65,000
65,000
80,000
67,000
81,000
90,000
65,000
65,000
83,000
69,000
71,000
82,000
78,000
78,000
85,000
64,000
64,000
77,000
65,000
67,000
80,000
73,000
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
76,000
74,000
76,000
75,000
82,000
76,000
84,000
79,000
62,000
59,000
62,000
60,000
S
S
S
S
69,000
57,000
69,000
61,000
64,000
85,000
63,000
S
63,000
30,000
65,000
S
80,000
77,000
80,000
76,000
88,000
S
91,000
S
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
85,000
94,000
79,000
85,000
95,000
80,000
79,000
85,000
73,000
S
S
S
85,000
94,000
78,000
78,000
83,000
70,000
74,000
80,000
74,000
85,000
95,000
80,000
59,000
S
S
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
90,000
90,000
92,000
95,000
70,000
75,000
S
S
84,000
84,000
71,000
76,000
81,000
82,000
90,000
94,000
78,000
72,000
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical
engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
Doctorate degrees
S&E fields
Sciences
Biological/agricultural/environmental
life sciences
39,000
S
S
TABLE 23. Median annual salaries of U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2006
(Dollars)
Level and field of highest degree
Employed
scientists
and
engineers
Race/ethnicitya
Sex
Male
Female
American
Indian/Alaska
Native
Asian
Black
Hispanic
White
Other
S
101,000
S
75,000
94,000
60,000
79,000
96,000
60,000
64,000
70,000
60,000
S
S
S
62,000
85,000
S
66,000
S
69,000
97,000
S
78,000
96,000
58,000
70,000
94,000
66,000
68,000
63,000
67,000
79,000
96,000
66,000
80,000
68,000
70,000
62,000
85,000
66,000
60,000
60,000
63,000
60,000
S
S
63,000
68,000
60,000
64,000
66,000
59,000
62,000
88,000
61,000
59,000
57,000
60,000
70,000
99,000
68,000
69,000
64,000
69,000
65,000
S
S
59,000
S
S
68,000
81,000
66,000
62,000
56,000
65,000
100,000
100,000
87,000
S
95,000
88,000
90,000
100,000
109,000
96,000
99,000
89,000
103,000
88,000
95,000
95,000
99,000
100,000
90,000
105,000
88,000
96,000
98,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
81,000
90,000
90,000
100,000
100,000
92,000
89,000
S
S
89,000
71,000
95,000
88,000
75,000
85,000
88,000
71,000
103,000
S
S
113,000
80,000
81,000
S
S
S
S
88,000
81,000
86,000
99,000
104,000
87,000
110,000
87,000
100,000
99,000
114,000
S
S
S
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
72,000
74,000
55,000
S
S
88,000
86,000
S
S
S
65,000
67,000
60,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
72,000
71,000
S
S
S
69,000
74,000
S
S
S
55,000
55,000
S
S
S
75,000
75,000
55,000
S
S
50,000
78,000
S
S
S
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
65,000
57,000
65,000
69,000
64,000
48,000
S
S
94,000
S
59,000
S
60,000
S
64,000
58,000
S
S
65,000
99,000
S
62,000
99,000
S
69,000
S
S
S
57,000
59,000
47,000
70,000
60,000
S
S
S
S
63,000
S
S
S
S
65,000
99,000
S
52,000
63,000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical
engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
99,000
S
S
S
S = suppressed for reliability or confidentiality.
S&E = science and engineering.
a
b
"Other" includes Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic respondents reporting 2 or more races.
Total includes professional degrees not broken out separately.
NOTES: Scientists and engineers include any person who has ever received a bachelor's or higher degree in a science or engineering (S&E) or S&E-related
field through 2005, plus any person holding a non-S&E bachelor's or higher degree who was employed in a S&E or S&E-related occupation in 2003.
See http://sestat.nsf.gov/docs/ed03maj.html for a detailed description of the educational field classification. Salaries are for principal job and rounded to the
nearest thousand.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT): 2006.
49,000
69,000
S
64,000
69,000
S