TABLE 4. Occupational category of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree: 2006
(Percent distribution)
Level and field of highest degree
S&E occupations
Biological/
Social/
Computer/ agricultural/ Physical/
All occupations
mathematical
other life related
related
Number Percent
scientists
scientists scientists scientists Engineers
S&E-related occupations
S&E
Other
S&E technicians
S&EHealth
S&E precollege
and
related
Non-S&E
occupations managers teachers technologists occupations occupations
18,927,000
100.0
11.2
2.6
1.8
2.5
8.6
19.2
2.0
3.4
2.0
1.2
45.7
10,156,000
100.0
14.6
4.0
3.0
3.5
13.6
4.4
2.0
2.0
2.3
0.5
50.0
7,719,000
100.0
14.8
5.1
3.7
4.5
1.9
5.6
1.5
2.5
2.3
0.4
57.6
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
1,555,000
267,000
1,125,000
164,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.4
1.6
3.7
4.1
22.2
17.8
23.9
18.0
3.0
2.2
2.4
7.6
0.3
0.1
0.3
1.0
1.9
1.7
1.3
6.5
15.1
6.7
19.0
2.0
1.3
0.5
1.4
1.4
3.8
1.7
4.5
2.0
4.4
2.6
4.7
5.0
0.2
0.3
S
0.8
44.5
64.8
38.7
51.6
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
1,586,000
1,103,000
483,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
55.4
64.2
35.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
S
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
2.8
2.6
3.3
0.7
0.8
0.7
3.0
3.5
1.7
3.4
0.7
9.5
3.3
3.2
3.6
1.5
0.3
4.2
29.2
24.2
40.6
688,000
319,000
173,000
154,000
41,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.6
5.4
5.5
19.2
6.2
3.7
5.7
1.2
2.0
4.4
34.0
36.2
42.3
25.5
14.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
S
8.2
5.8
7.9
14.1
5.7
3.7
6.7
0.6
0.6
5.2
2.2
1.6
2.9
2.9
0.3
4.0
3.9
5.0
3.5
2.3
2.9
3.2
3.4
2.0
2.6
0.2
S
0.4
0.2
S
32.4
31.4
30.3
29.7
59.3
3,890,000
594,000
691,000
1,422,000
759,000
424,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.0
5.8
3.6
3.0
3.6
6.0
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.3
S
0.1
1.0
8.6
5.9
6.0
13.7
5.5
5.0
0.5
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.6
4.1
1.0
2.4
5.7
5.4
3.5
0.9
0.7
1.3
1.1
0.4
0.8
1.4
0.5
1.5
1.1
0.9
4.7
0.9
1.0
0.7
0.4
0.6
3.0
0.1
0.2
S
0.1
0.1
0.5
78.9
83.3
83.7
74.3
82.7
74.1
2,437,000
83,000
165,000
396,000
791,000
146,000
506,000
351,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.9
9.2
5.4
2.8
30.3
9.3
6.3
7.8
0.4
S
1.3
S
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.0
0.8
0.6
3.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
2.3
0.2
S
0.2
0.3
0.2
1.1
S
0.2
50.7
49.2
54.0
62.0
43.5
37.6
57.5
48.2
0.6
1.9
1.6
S
0.3
1.3
0.3
1.4
3.7
3.6
4.4
3.0
3.5
3.6
4.6
3.0
0.5
0.1
1.7
0.4
0.3
1.0
0.3
0.5
2.5
2.6
1.9
1.9
2.9
4.0
2.0
2.9
0.7
1.4
0.1
3.6
0.1
S
0.1
0.3
26.0
31.2
26.2
25.6
18.7
41.8
28.5
31.4
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
4,587,000
3,596,000
334,000
328,000
329,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.5
0.7
5.7
20.2
1.4
1.0
1.3
0.4
S
S
0.2
0.1
1.0
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.2
S
3.9
1.5
0.1
0.3
18.5
1.7
63.1
80.1
2.8
2.0
0.1
1.5
1.5
0.1
3.0
1.1
3.2
0.2
41.0
0.5
0.2
0.8
0.3
1.1
5.4
1.3
3.4
S
0.1
0.5
46.9
22.1
15.3
47.4
49.4
43.1
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
4,184,000
329,000
100.0
100.0
12.2
26.1
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.4
2.2
3.1
4.0
2.1
6.8
13.3
2.6
1.8
7.0
10.7
2.3
5.7
0.4
1.9
61.2
34.2
924,000
100.0
3.7
0.5
0.3
1.6
1.0
8.2
0.7
22.9
1.0
0.5
59.7
All levels and fieldsa
S&E fields
Sciences
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
TABLE 4. Occupational category of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree: 2006
(Percent distribution)
Level and field of highest degree
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
S&E occupations
Biological/
Social/
Computer/ agricultural/ Physical/
All occupations
mathematical
other life related
related
Number Percent
scientists
scientists scientists scientists Engineers
S&E-related occupations
S&E
Other
S&E technicians
S&EHealth
S&E precollege
and
related
Non-S&E
occupations managers teachers technologists occupations occupations
1,387,000
146,000
342,000
1,056,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
20.8
14.4
5.7
5.8
1.0
0.5
0.2
1.6
0.4
0.1
S
0.6
1.3
8.2
4.6
1.9
8.7
7.3
0.7
1.5
5.4
4.9
6.4
5.9
5.1
1.8
2.4
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.5
1.8
3.6
1.4
1.2
1.3
0.3
S
S
0.1
51.9
60.4
77.3
78.1
10,886,000
100.0
12.8
1.9
1.5
1.0
9.6
17.1
1.8
2.6
2.8
1.4
47.4
7,415,000
100.0
13.5
2.4
2.0
1.0
12.8
4.9
1.7
2.0
2.7
0.5
56.7
5,680,000
100.0
13.8
3.0
2.5
1.3
1.8
6.1
1.1
2.4
2.6
0.4
64.9
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
1,151,000
218,000
807,000
125,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.2
1.8
3.5
3.9
13.2
11.1
13.4
15.0
2.8
1.9
2.5
6.9
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.7
2.0
1.5
1.4
6.3
16.5
6.8
21.3
2.4
0.9
0.1
1.1
1.4
3.7
1.3
4.7
1.5
5.0
2.4
5.6
5.9
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
52.3
72.7
46.2
55.9
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
1,123,000
774,000
349,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.8
63.1
26.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
S
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
2.6
2.4
2.9
0.8
0.7
0.9
2.6
3.0
1.6
3.8
0.6
10.8
3.8
3.6
4.3
1.5
0.3
4.3
32.5
25.7
47.5
419,000
206,000
105,000
74,000
34,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.8
5.5
6.0
22.9
7.0
2.3
3.4
0.5
1.3
3.4
24.3
28.7
30.3
9.3
12.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
S
8.8
6.7
10.6
15.0
3.1
5.0
8.6
0.8
0.6
6.2
1.2
0.9
2.2
1.3
S
3.2
2.9
4.8
2.8
1.1
4.0
4.0
5.3
2.8
2.9
0.3
S
0.7
0.5
S
41.8
39.1
38.6
43.2
64.4
2,988,000
504,000
561,000
921,000
676,000
326,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.2
5.6
3.6
3.8
3.6
5.7
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.2
S
0.1
0.7
2.1
1.8
2.6
2.4
1.7
2.0
0.4
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.6
4.3
1.0
2.1
6.7
5.8
3.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.7
1.3
0.4
1.4
1.2
1.0
3.8
1.0
1.1
0.8
0.5
0.6
3.4
0.1
0.2
S
0.1
0.1
0.4
85.3
87.8
87.6
84.1
86.4
78.5
1,735,000
59,000
120,000
295,000
544,000
108,000
405,000
203,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.5
8.7
4.8
2.3
28.8
6.8
4.7
7.6
0.3
S
0.8
S
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.3
0.5
0.5
3.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.4
0.2
S
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.6
S
S
48.7
42.0
54.0
59.5
42.1
34.7
55.6
42.8
0.7
2.6
1.9
S
0.3
1.5
0.4
1.5
3.6
3.0
4.2
3.2
3.3
3.8
4.7
2.4
0.4
S
1.4
0.5
0.3
1.1
0.4
0.1
3.0
3.2
2.1
2.3
3.6
4.5
2.1
3.9
0.7
1.0
0.1
3.4
0.1
S
0.2
0.5
29.5
38.9
27.5
28.4
21.1
46.7
31.8
38.4
2,399,000
1,731,000
159,000
275,000
234,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.2
1.0
3.4
18.1
1.7
0.3
0.4
0.2
S
S
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.1
S
0.4
0.3
0.1
S
1.6
2.3
0.1
0.2
17.6
1.6
56.3
77.4
3.4
1.8
0.2
1.4
1.3
S
2.6
1.2
2.0
0.1
28.7
0.3
0.2
1.3
0.5
1.6
5.9
1.7
4.5
S
0.1
0.6
45.1
28.2
18.8
60.9
53.0
46.7
Bachelor's degrees
S&E fields
Sciences
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
TABLE 4. Occupational category of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree: 2006
(Percent distribution)
Level and field of highest degree
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
S&E occupations
Biological/
Social/
Computer/ agricultural/ Physical/
All occupations
mathematical
other life related
related
Number Percent
scientists
scientists scientists scientists Engineers
S&E-related occupations
S&E
Other
S&E technicians
S&EHealth
S&E precollege
and
related
Non-S&E
occupations managers teachers technologists occupations occupations
1,071,000
219,000
100.0
100.0
29.9
34.1
1.8
0.7
0.7
0.5
2.2
3.2
4.3
2.6
14.4
16.6
3.7
2.6
8.2
9.0
7.0
7.9
1.1
2.5
26.7
20.3
182,000
411,000
52,000
35,000
172,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.5
39.6
29.5
33.1
22.3
1.3
2.0
S
0.4
4.0
0.3
0.4
0.2
S
2.0
1.2
1.0
7.7
0.7
3.5
2.7
5.6
9.6
1.9
4.2
18.9
9.5
11.1
22.6
18.0
1.7
5.1
3.4
3.1
4.0
27.8
1.6
2.5
0.9
5.6
3.7
8.6
3.0
8.3
6.5
2.3
0.4
S
S
0.3
30.6
26.2
33.1
29.0
29.5
5,384,000
100.0
11.6
2.1
1.6
3.7
8.8
12.0
2.8
6.4
1.1
1.2
48.7
2,022,000
100.0
20.5
4.2
3.6
6.7
16.9
2.9
2.6
2.8
1.6
0.7
37.6
1,447,000
100.0
21.0
5.6
4.6
9.2
2.2
3.9
2.2
3.7
1.7
0.6
45.4
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
210,000
29,000
148,000
33,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.9
0.6
5.6
5.4
33.4
38.0
34.8
22.8
4.0
4.5
2.8
9.1
0.3
S
0.1
1.1
2.4
3.4
1.2
7.0
11.9
8.5
15.1
0.8
0.8
1.3
0.6
0.8
6.7
5.3
7.5
4.4
4.4
5.3
4.7
2.5
0.6
S
S
3.8
30.6
33.1
27.5
42.4
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
411,000
309,000
102,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
62.5
66.1
51.5
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.5
3.1
2.8
4.2
0.7
0.9
0.1
4.1
4.6
2.3
2.6
0.9
7.9
2.2
2.2
2.1
1.4
0.2
5.1
22.5
21.4
25.6
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
132,000
43,000
50,000
34,000
4,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.4
8.7
5.5
20.8
2.7
3.7
7.7
1.9
1.7
1.0
42.1
41.4
56.0
25.5
17.4
0.3
S
0.7
S
0.2
6.8
3.1
3.9
13.2
25.1
1.9
5.3
0.5
S
S
2.8
S
4.3
4.2
1.0
9.5
12.9
6.9
8.7
12.5
1.7
3.6
0.4
1.2
1.9
S
S
0.1
S
S
20.8
17.2
19.7
24.8
38.2
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
694,000
67,000
110,000
379,000
56,000
81,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.4
7.9
3.8
1.5
4.9
6.7
0.7
1.2
0.2
0.4
1.6
1.6
0.2
S
0.4
S
S
1.3
18.7
15.1
13.6
22.0
24.0
10.0
0.6
2.2
0.6
0.3
1.5
0.4
3.7
1.1
4.0
4.4
2.2
3.1
1.5
S
3.0
1.5
S
1.6
2.2
1.5
1.9
1.2
0.5
9.3
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.7
1.9
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
S
1.0
68.2
69.4
72.1
68.4
64.6
63.1
575,000
18,000
27,000
90,000
210,000
34,000
84,000
112,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
19.1
11.5
9.6
4.3
35.9
16.4
13.4
8.2
0.5
S
0.9
S
0.1
S
S
2.3
1.1
0.1
3.4
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.5
3.1
0.3
S
S
0.1
0.1
2.9
0.1
0.3
54.1
65.3
52.0
68.4
44.3
45.6
64.3
54.7
0.3
S
0.2
S
0.1
0.4
S
1.2
3.7
5.3
3.9
2.0
4.3
2.7
4.3
3.3
0.5
0.5
3.1
0.2
0.1
0.7
S
1.1
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.0
1.4
3.0
1.3
1.7
0.9
3.2
S
4.8
0.1
S
S
0.1
18.0
12.6
25.3
18.6
13.3
28.0
16.0
24.0
Master's degrees
S&E fields
Sciences
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
TABLE 4. Occupational category of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree: 2006
(Percent distribution)
Level and field of highest degree
S&E occupations
Biological/
Social/
Computer/ agricultural/ Physical/
All occupations
mathematical
other life related
related
Number Percent
scientists
scientists scientists scientists Engineers
S&E-related occupations
S&E
Other
S&E technicians
S&EHealth
S&E precollege
and
related
Non-S&E
occupations managers teachers technologists occupations occupations
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
1,012,000
704,000
168,000
50,000
90,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.4
1.1
6.5
30.8
0.9
1.2
1.6
0.3
S
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.7
1.2
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.2
S
9.3
1.4
0.1
0.3
22.4
2.2
46.7
66.2
2.4
3.0
S
3.1
3.9
0.2
5.4
0.9
9.2
0.3
53.8
1.6
S
0.5
0.3
0.7
3.3
0.2
4.8
S
S
S
53.4
27.9
25.3
34.9
32.3
32.4
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
2,350,000
92,000
100.0
100.0
7.6
10.6
0.7
S
0.3
0.1
2.2
2.6
5.0
1.2
4.9
7.9
2.8
0.3
8.2
16.3
0.9
1.8
0.2
1.0
67.1
58.1
681,000
962,000
92,000
276,000
248,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.3
13.1
6.1
2.4
6.3
0.2
0.6
0.8
0.2
3.2
0.3
0.3
S
S
0.6
1.2
1.4
8.6
4.8
2.7
0.5
10.2
6.1
0.6
2.8
5.2
3.7
1.5
4.8
9.3
0.4
5.1
0.9
2.5
2.7
22.8
1.4
0.3
1.1
2.8
0.3
1.5
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.1
0.3
S
S
0.1
66.8
62.5
75.2
83.1
68.7
883,000
100.0
9.4
17.4
10.1
16.0
11.2
6.0
3.0
1.4
0.5
0.1
24.9
16.6
Doctorate degrees
699,000
100.0
10.3
20.3
12.4
18.2
13.6
3.9
3.5
0.6
0.5
S
573,000
100.0
10.2
24.3
14.4
22.2
2.8
4.6
3.1
0.6
0.5
0.1
17.2
195,000
19,000
169,000
6,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.9
1.6
3.0
2.0
63.9
63.2
64.5
50.2
2.5
3.2
2.0
13.2
0.8
0.6
0.6
5.3
1.0
1.2
0.7
7.0
10.4
2.3
11.7
0.2
3.8
3.5
3.7
6.0
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.3
0.3
S
S
S
S
13.8
23.1
12.7
15.6
52,000
19,000
33,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.7
77.4
76.2
0.8
0.4
1.1
0.6
0.1
0.9
0.4
S
0.6
5.2
7.0
4.2
0.4
0.6
0.4
1.9
4.0
0.7
0.8
0.3
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
0.3
S
0.5
11.7
9.0
13.3
Physical/related sciences
Chemistry, except biochemistry
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciences
Physics/astronomy
Other physical sciences
137,000
71,000
18,000
47,000
3,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.1
2.9
2.9
12.4
1.8
7.8
11.3
3.3
3.2
24.4
55.6
54.6
74.9
51.2
33.7
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
S
7.6
5.1
2.9
13.3
6.7
1.3
1.8
0.2
0.9
0.9
4.5
4.8
3.5
4.6
3.3
1.1
1.4
1.0
0.7
0.9
0.8
0.5
0.2
1.5
S
S
S
S
0.1
S
15.0
17.6
10.7
11.9
28.3
Social/related sciences
Economics
Political/related sciences
Psychology
Sociology/anthropology
Other social sciences
188,000
23,000
19,000
102,000
27,000
17,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.5
3.3
1.5
1.8
1.8
8.2
1.9
0.4
S
2.7
1.9
1.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
S
0.5
3.2
66.4
70.0
60.7
72.8
61.9
37.3
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.1
1.5
2.1
0.4
1.3
1.9
3.9
3.6
1.8
0.5
0.4
2.8
0.8
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.6
S
0.1
0.2
S
S
0.1
23.9
24.5
34.8
17.1
28.8
42.9
127,000
6,000
17,000
11,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.7
7.0
3.2
5.9
2.4
0.5
5.5
0.4
3.2
3.1
4.9
2.8
0.3
0.4
S
0.3
62.4
72.8
57.4
76.7
0.8
0.9
1.7
S
5.0
3.6
6.7
6.2
0.4
S
1.1
S
0.9
S
0.9
0.3
S
S
S
S
13.9
11.7
18.6
7.3
S&E fields
Sciences
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences
Agricultural sciences
Biological sciences
Environmental life sciences
Computer/mathematical sciences
Computer/information sciences
Mathematics/statistics
Engineering
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil/architectural engineering
TABLE 4. Occupational category of employed U.S. scientists and engineers, by level and field of highest degree: 2006
(Percent distribution)
Level and field of highest degree
Electrical/computer engineering
Industrial engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
S&E-related fields
Health
Science/mathematics teacher education
Technology/technical fields
Other S&E-related fields
Non-S&E fields
Arts/humanities
Education, except science/mathematics
teacher education
Management/administration
Sales/marketing
Social services/related
Other non-S&E fields
S = suppressed for reliability or confidentiality.
S&E occupations
Biological/
Social/
Computer/ agricultural/ Physical/
All occupations
mathematical
other life related
related
Number Percent
scientists
scientists scientists scientists Engineers
S&E-related occupations
S&E
Other
S&E technicians
S&EHealth
S&E precollege
and
related
Non-S&E
occupations managers teachers technologists occupations occupations
S
0.5
3.6
0.2
0.7
12.9
S
S
S
1.4
5.6
25.3
S
0.4
5.0
0.4
1.3
12.2
S
1.1
5.4
0.5
1.3
14.9
37,000
3,000
17,000
35,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
19.8
18.0
8.4
7.4
0.3
0.5
1.2
4.6
1.8
1.1
1.4
5.1
0.2
1.0
S
0.5
60.0
47.1
69.7
59.3
57,000
41,000
8,000
3,000
4,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.1
3.1
34.5
36.6
S
17.7
23.4
4.4
S
S
2.6
1.1
1.0
14.1
11.0
4.2
3.4
4.4
S
14.2
2.9
0.4
2.4
39.4
S
35.2
48.3
S
S
S
2.5
3.5
S
S
S
1.9
0.1
13.6
S
S
0.4
0.6
S
S
S
0.5
S
S
S
5.9
23.1
16.2
39.7
9.9
68.9
127,000
18,000
100.0
100.0
4.6
8.6
1.2
S
0.6
S
9.3
5.2
1.7
1.6
4.9
1.0
0.8
S
5.6
3.2
S
S
S
S
71.4
80.4
57,000
15,000
2,000
19,000
17,000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.7
5.0
S
7.0
4.1
1.1
1.9
S
0.1
3.8
0.9
1.3
S
S
0.5
7.4
10.8
S
11.6
16.9
2.0
3.6
S
S
1.0
8.1
S
S
0.5
7.5
0.7
S
S
1.2
2.2
8.2
S
S
8.9
0.9
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
68.9
77.4
S
70.7
63.1
S&E = science and engineering.
a
Total includes professional degrees not broken out separately.
NOTES: Scientists and engineers include any person who has ever received a bachelor's or higher degree in a science or engineering (S&E) or S&E-related field through 2005, plus any person holding a non-S&E bachelor's or
higher degree who was employed in a S&E or S&E-related occupation in 2003. See http://sestat.nsf.gov/docs/ed03maj.html for a detailed description of the educational field classification and http://sestat.nsf.gov/docs/occ03maj.html
for a detailed description of the occupational classification. Numbers are rounded to the nearest thousand. Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT): 2006.