TABLE 3. Federally financed R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by character of work: FY 1953–2009
(Dollars in millions)
Basic research
Applied research and development
All federal R&D
expenditures
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
138
160
169
213
229
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
254
306
405
500
613
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
760
917
1,073
1,261
1,409
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1,572
1,600
1,647
1,724
1,795
na
na
na
na
1,420
na
na
na
na
79.1
na
na
na
na
375
na
na
na
na
20.9
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1,985
2,032
2,288
2,512
2,726
1,454
1,523
1,695
1,841
2,007
73.2
75.0
74.1
73.3
73.6
531
509
593
671
719
26.8
25.0
25.9
26.7
26.4
1978a
1979
1980
1981
1982
3,059
3,598
4,098
4,571
4,768
na
2,577
2,861
3,260
3,402
na
71.6
69.8
71.3
71.3
na
1,022
1,237
1,311
1,367
na
28.4
30.2
28.7
28.7
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
4,989
5,431
6,064
6,712
7,343
3,547
3,830
4,343
4,868
5,375
71.1
70.5
71.6
72.5
73.2
1,442
1,601
1,722
1,844
1,968
28.9
29.5
28.4
27.5
26.8
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
8,193
8,993
9,640
10,238
11,095
5,678
6,195
6,649
7,128
7,718
69.3
68.9
69.0
69.6
69.6
2,515
2,797
2,991
3,110
3,377
30.7
31.1
31.0
30.4
30.4
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
11,960
12,654
13,337
13,847
14,321
8,398
8,878
9,399
9,868
10,316
70.2
70.2
70.5
71.3
72.0
3,562
3,775
3,938
3,978
4,006
29.8
29.8
29.5
28.7
28.0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
15,159
16,112
17,548
19,244
21,873
11,862
12,746
13,936
15,049
17,275
78.2
79.1
79.4
78.2
79.0
3,298
3,365
3,611
4,195
4,598
21.8
20.9
20.6
21.8
21.0
2003
24,771
19,640
79.3
5,131
20.7
Fiscal year
TABLE 3. Federally financed R&D expenditures at universities and colleges, by character of work: FY 1953–2009
(Dollars in millions)
Fiscal year
2004
2005
2006
2007
Basic research
Applied research and development
All federal R&D
expenditures
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
27,644
29,209
30,128
30,443
21,363
22,898
23,695
24,008
77.3
78.4
78.6
78.9
6,281
6,311
6,433
6,435
22.7
21.6
21.4
21.1
2008
31,281
24,449
78.2
6,832
21.8
2009
32,588
25,020
76.8
7,568
23.2
na = not applicable; separate data for federally financed basic research and applied research and development were not collected for
these years.
a
FY 1978 data are estimated based on data collected from doctorate-granting institutions only.
NOTES: R&D expenditures by character of work are based on estimates of basic research provided by universities and colleges. Because
of rounding, detail may not add to total. The character of work estimation procedure was revised for FY 1998 and later years; hence, these
data are not directly comparable with data for FY 1997 and earlier years.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation/Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at
Universities and Colleges, FY 2009.