Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 National
Compensation Survey, March 2015
All retirement benefits3
Characteristics
Access
All workers .............................................................
Participation
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.8
0.9
1.3
1.1
1.9
0.7
0.9
0.8
1.4
1.0
1.5
1.2
2.0
0.9
1.4
1.1
1.9
0.9
1.6
0.9
1.3
1.0
1.3
1.2
2.1
0.9
1.3
1.1
1.4
0.8
1.0
1.1
2.5
1.7
2.4
1.7
2.6
0.9
1.6
1.2
1.7
2.2
2.6
1.1
2.5
0.8
1.3
1.1
1.6
1.7
2.3
1.9
2.5
0.6
1.1
0.6
1.0
2.3
2.8
0.8
3.1
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.5
2.4
2.4
0.7
2.9
0.7
0.6
0.9
1.5
1.3
1.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
2.5
1.0
0.6
2.5
2.4
1.6
2.7
0.9
1.5
1.2
1.7
1.3
2.3
0.9
1.9
0.8
1.2
1.0
1.6
2.8
2.5
2.2
4.0
0.7
1.1
0.8
1.3
2.6
2.1
1.4
1.8
1.9
2.5
2.0
1.3
1.8
1.6
1.8
1.2
0.9
1.3
1.2
2.7
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.5
2.7
1.7
0.9
1.0
1.2
1.0
0.9
1.3
2.2
1.4
2.5
2.1
1.4
1.8
1.7
2.4
2.0
1.2
1.8
1.3
2.6
1.5
1.0
1.4
1.4
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.8
0.5
1.4
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.4
0.7
1.6
0.6
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.6
1.5
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.1
0.6
1.1
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.4
0.7
1.3
0.6
1.6
0.6
Average wage within the following categories:4
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.4
2.1
0.9
0.8
0.7
1.1
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.7
1.2
1.3
2.4
0.9
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.6
0.5
0.3
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.6
1.7
3.4
0.7
1.0
0.8
1.1
1.3
2.0
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.3
0.7
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.9
1.3
1.4
2.6
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.9
Goods-producing industries ...................................
1.1
1.1
0.8
1.3
1.1
1.0
1.2
1.1
0.9
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.7
1.5
1.1
1.3
1.4
2.3
0.8
1.4
0.6
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.7
2.0
1.3
1.5
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.9
1.5
1.6
1.0
0.8
0.6
1.4
1.2
1.4
2.7
1.7
2.5
1.6
0.6
1.2
1.2
1.5
1.6
1.5
2.2
1.8
0.7
1.2
1.2
0.9
4.5
2.1
2.2
0.9
0.7
1.6
1.6
1.9
2.5
2.2
1.6
2.7
0.6
1.2
1.0
1.1
1.6
1.8
1.5
2.0
0.8
1.4
1.7
2.6
1.9
1.7
1.2
4.2
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Registered nurses .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 civilian workers,2 National
Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
All retirement benefits3
Characteristics
Access
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
Participation
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
1.1
1.3
2.1
0.7
1.2
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.9
0.8
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.7
0.5
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.5
1.4
0.9
1.1
1.2
0.5
0.5
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
2.3
0.7
1.1
0.9
1.0
1.3
2.1
0.8
1.2
1.1
0.8
1.0
1.8
0.7
1.1
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.9
0.7
1.0
0.9
1.5
3.0
1.5
1.1
1.7
2.4
1.6
1.2
1.5
2.0
1.3
2.4
1.6
1.3
2.7
1.3
1.0
1.5
2.5
1.6
1.3
1.7
1.9
1.1
2.6
1.1
0.7
1.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
3.1
1.2
1.1
1.4
2.0
1.5
3.2
1.7
1.7
2.9
1.7
0.8
1.1
2.5
1.0
1.3
1.3
3.1
1.1
2.3
1.1
1.6
3.0
1.6
0.8
1.2
2.5
0.9
0.9
1.0
2.1
1.0
2.1
1.1
1.0
3.0
1.1
1.1
1.7
3.4
1.1
1.6
1.2
4.0
0.9
1.5
1.2
1.2
2.7
1.2
1.0
1.6
2.0
1.5
1.2
1.5
2.0
1.5
2.8
1.8
1.0
2.1
1.0
0.8
1.3
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.6
1.7
1.0
2.3
1.1
1.0
1.8
1.2
1.0
1.4
3.3
1.4
1.4
1.7
2.4
1.7
3.5
1.7
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further
explanation.
3 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating
in at least one of these plan types.
4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.
The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March
2015
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.3
1.0
1.8
0.7
0.6
0.9
2.0
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.6
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Registered nurses .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
2.0
2.4
0.5
1.9
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.4
2.6
1.2
0.6
2.5
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.9
1.9
3.0
1.6
2.9
0.9
1.4
1.2
1.7
2.3
1.7
1.0
1.4
1.3
1.8
0.8
0.7
0.6
1.1
2.1
2.3
1.4
2.0
1.7
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.6
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.8
1.1
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.4
0.4
1.4
0.3
0.9
0.7
Average wage within the following categories:2
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
0.2
0.2
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.9
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.5
Goods-producing industries ...................................
1.2
0.6
1.5
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.5
1.0
1.6
1.7
3.7
1.1
2.1
2.6
0.4
1.0
1.6
2.0
2.3
0.9
1.6
2.7
0.7
1.5
0.9
0.7
2.3
2.4
2.3
0.9
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
Characteristics
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.7
0.9
1.1
0.4
0.3
1.1
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.2
2.2
0.9
1.3
1.2
1.4
2.3
1.5
0.7
1.0
1.5
0.8
1.1
0.9
2.8
0.9
0.8
1.2
0.6
1.2
0.7
0.6
0.7
2.9
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.2
1.0
2.2
1.0
1.4
2.4
1.6
0.9
1.4
2.3
1.3
1.5
1.7
2.7
1.6
3.0
1.9
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and
workers in the public sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The
categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee
Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March 2015
(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)
Soft freeze3
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Open plans2
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze4
1.1
1.0
0.3
0.5
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Registered nurses .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
1.4
2.5
1.6
1.9
1.3
2.2
1.6
1.9
0.4
0.6
0.4
–
0.4
1.0
0.4
–
1.9
5.2
2.1
2.3
1.8
3.7
1.8
2.2
2.0
3.8
2.1
2.3
1.5
2.7
1.6
1.9
–
–
–
–
0.4
1.4
0.3
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
2.1
1.0
–
2.0
3.1
2.7
5.1
2.4
1.9
3.1
2.1
3.9
2.0
–
–
0.7
–
0.5
–
–
2.1
–
1.7
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.1
2.3
1.0
2.1
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.5
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.3
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.7
Average wage within the following categories:5
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
2.8
4.2
1.7
1.5
1.3
2.1
2.8
4.0
1.6
1.4
1.3
2.1
0.2
–
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.9
1.0
–
0.9
0.8
0.4
0.8
Goods-producing industries ...................................
3.0
2.5
0.8
1.9
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
1.2
1.8
1.6
1.6
2.3
4.5
3.5
1.8
1.1
1.7
1.5
1.6
2.3
3.7
3.1
1.8
0.3
0.1
0.1
–
–
–
–
–
0.4
0.5
0.1
–
–
–
–
–
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)
Soft freeze3
Characteristics
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
Open plans2
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze4
2.2
2.8
3.1
1.2
2.2
1.2
1.9
2.3
2.9
1.1
1.9
1.2
0.5
0.8
–
0.3
0.9
0.2
1.1
1.6
–
0.5
1.1
0.5
2.5
4.8
2.8
1.9
2.9
3.9
2.2
1.9
2.4
2.8
2.4
4.0
2.9
2.0
3.9
2.1
1.9
2.8
4.1
2.4
1.6
1.8
3.2
2.3
4.2
2.7
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.2
0.3
–
0.5
0.4
0.4
–
–
–
–
1.0
1.8
1.2
0.6
1.0
–
0.9
1.3
1.5
–
–
–
–
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector,
except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
2 Plans open to new participants.
3 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants.
4 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is
calculated as of the day the plan was frozen.
5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, civilian workers,2 National Compensation Survey,
March 2015
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits3
Characteristics
1 year
All workers .............................................................
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
0.5
1.4
1.4
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Registered nurses .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.5
1.8
2.5
2.0
2.7
1.8
2.5
1.9
2.7
0.5
1.3
2.2
–
0.5
–
0.6
0.6
2.9
4.3
2.7
2.6
2.1
–
2.2
4.2
2.8
4.4
2.5
–
2.2
3.1
2.3
4.3
1.2
0.7
0.5
–
0.4
5.6
5.3
2.2
–
2.5
5.5
5.3
2.4
3.2
2.7
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.5
–
1.4
–
1.4
3.7
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
0.4
0.7
2.0
1.7
2.0
1.7
Average wage within the following categories:4
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.1
–
1.3
0.5
0.4
0.2
3.2
–
2.7
2.0
1.6
2.4
3.2
4.6
2.7
2.0
1.5
2.4
Goods-producing industries ...................................
0.6
3.0
3.0
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.4
–
–
1.5
0.6
1.6
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.9
–
4.3
3.0
1.6
2.1
2.2
2.4
–
5.2
4.8
3.0
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, civilian workers,2 National Compensation Survey,
March 2015—continued
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits3
Characteristics
1 year
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
–
–
–
0.4
0.5
0.5
–
–
–
1.5
2.6
1.6
4.0
4.7
6.4
1.4
2.7
1.6
–
–
–
1.1
0.8
–
–
0.3
–
0.4
0.7
–
0.9
–
2.9
–
2.7
3.4
–
–
3.3
–
6.7
3.5
4.9
4.3
2.0
–
2.4
2.5
3.2
8.6
1.8
3.3
3.7
6.5
3.6
–
4.5
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
3 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen
after January 2014 are included in the "1 year" column. Those frozen between 2010 and 2013 are included in
the "2 to 5 year" column and plans frozen before 2010 are included in the "Greater than 5 years" column.
4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories
were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 7. Standard errors for frozen defined benefit retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian workers,2
National Compensation Survey, March 2015
Alternatives to frozen plans
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
No
Alternatives
alternative to to frozen
frozen plans
plans
Enhanced
Modified
existing
New defined
existing
New defined
defined
contribution
defined
benefit plan
contribution
plan
benefit plan
plan
Other
0.5
0.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.2
0.2
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers:
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Transportation and material moving ..................
0.5
1.2
0.5
0.5
1.2
0.5
1.8
2.3
1.8
1.5
2.3
1.5
1.3
2.2
1.2
1.6
2.2
1.7
0.2
–
0.1
–
0.5
0.7
1.3
3.9
1.1
0.8
1.1
2.7
1.6
0.0
0.5
0.7
1.3
3.9
1.1
0.8
1.1
2.7
1.6
0.8
2.5
2.0
2.2
2.5
2.3
3.5
3.5
2.3
4.3
0.7
1.0
1.7
1.2
2.8
1.3
3.1
4.1
2.7
3.6
–
1.0
–
1.6
4.5
1.6
4.2
5.4
2.1
–
2.1
2.6
3.2
1.6
4.4
1.6
1.8
2.3
3.2
4.1
–
–
–
0.2
–
0.2
–
–
–
–
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.5
1.5
0.5
1.5
1.5
3.3
1.1
2.1
1.1
1.5
1.3
3.0
0.2
–
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.8
1.7
2.2
1.5
1.4
0.9
1.5
1.6
1.7
–
0.2
Average wage within the following categories:3
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
2.4
7.5
0.9
1.0
0.5
0.8
2.4
7.5
0.9
1.0
0.5
0.8
4.8
7.9
2.3
2.1
1.8
2.7
2.2
–
1.3
1.6
1.5
2.4
1.8
–
1.2
1.3
1.6
2.5
3.3
3.8
2.3
1.8
1.4
2.4
–
–
–
0.1
–
–
Goods-producing industries ...................................
1.4
1.4
1.7
3.3
4.0
3.1
–
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services:
Elementary and secondary schools .............
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.5
1.9
1.1
1.3
0.9
0.8
1.3
1.6
0.2
0.3
–
2.2
2.9
0.0
2.2
2.9
0.7
5.1
6.2
0.6
–
1.7
–
3.3
3.0
1.8
4.3
4.9
–
1.0
–
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Standard errors for frozen defined benefit retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, civilian workers,2
National Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
Alternatives to frozen plans
Characteristics
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
No
Alternatives
alternative to to frozen
frozen plans
plans
Enhanced
Modified
existing
New defined
existing
New defined
defined
contribution
defined
benefit plan
contribution
plan
benefit plan
plan
Other
1.4
1.3
2.6
0.5
1.5
0.5
1.4
1.3
2.6
0.5
1.5
0.5
3.4
3.8
5.4
1.6
3.0
1.7
2.7
3.6
3.9
1.1
2.6
1.1
3.3
4.7
–
1.1
2.3
1.1
3.1
3.9
4.2
1.3
2.5
1.4
–
–
–
0.2
–
–
0.9
2.1
1.0
0.8
1.0
2.0
1.4
1.4
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.9
2.1
1.0
0.8
1.0
2.0
1.4
1.4
1.0
0.8
0.7
2.4
4.7
2.6
3.0
3.8
7.8
5.2
2.4
2.9
3.4
4.2
1.1
1.6
1.5
2.0
2.3
–
3.5
1.7
2.2
2.8
3.5
2.4
6.7
1.7
1.1
1.9
2.3
1.4
2.2
2.6
2.7
3.5
1.9
2.5
2.0
2.6
4.2
–
2.6
2.3
3.3
2.7
3.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West ......................................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. See Technical
Note for further explanation.
3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and
below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the
"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March 2015
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
All workers .............................................................
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
1.1
1.4
1.4
3.6
1.1
1.4
1.4
3.6
1.0
1.2
1.2
3.6
1.0
1.2
1.2
3.6
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Registered nurses .........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
6.0
2.5
2.8
4.0
0.8
1.3
1.1
2.2
6.0
2.5
2.8
4.0
0.8
1.3
1.1
2.2
–
2.6
3.0
2.9
0.9
1.4
1.0
2.3
–
2.6
3.0
2.9
0.9
1.4
1.0
2.3
3.3
3.0
1.4
1.8
2.1
3.3
3.0
1.4
1.8
2.1
4.0
2.9
1.3
1.6
1.8
4.0
2.9
1.3
1.6
1.8
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.8
1.8
0.8
1.8
0.7
1.8
0.7
1.8
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
2.5
0.8
2.5
0.8
1.8
0.7
1.8
0.7
Average wage within the following categories:2
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.4
3.3
1.6
1.1
1.0
1.3
1.4
3.3
1.6
1.1
1.0
1.3
1.6
2.7
1.6
0.9
0.8
1.0
1.6
2.7
1.6
0.9
0.8
1.0
Goods-producing industries ...................................
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.3
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.9
1.9
2.8
5.4
3.1
2.3
1.5
6.9
0.9
1.9
2.8
5.4
3.1
2.3
1.5
6.9
0.8
1.7
2.4
–
2.3
2.1
1.7
3.5
0.8
1.7
2.4
–
2.3
2.1
1.7
3.5
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, civilian workers,1 National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
1.4
1.7
2.0
0.9
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.7
2.0
0.9
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.9
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.7
1.9
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.4
2.1
1.7
1.2
1.6
3.6
1.9
1.9
1.8
4.5
1.7
2.9
2.0
1.4
2.1
1.7
1.2
1.6
3.6
1.9
1.9
1.8
4.5
1.7
2.9
2.0
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.0
1.1
4.2
1.5
1.7
1.8
3.7
1.5
2.9
1.7
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.0
1.1
4.2
1.5
1.7
1.8
3.7
1.5
2.9
1.7
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 1. Standard errors for establishments offering retirement and health care
benefits: private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015
Retirement benefits
Characteristics
All plans1
All establishments ..................................................
Defined
benefit
Defined
contribution
Health care
benefits
1.9
0.6
1.9
1.8
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
2.5
2.9
4.3
0.9
1.5
1.1
2.5
2.9
4.2
3.3
3.4
7.1
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
Information .........................................................
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Administrative and waste services ................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Leisure and hospitality .......................................
Accommodation and food services ................
Other services ...................................................
2.1
2.9
4.7
2.6
11.1
13.4
5.6
4.1
3.8
4.6
6.2
8.1
4.9
7.4
7.0
7.6
9.0
4.7
8.3
2.6
2.8
5.2
0.7
0.8
1.4
1.1
4.4
–
11.4
2.9
3.3
3.9
5.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.1
2.9
4.7
2.6
10.8
14.6
5.6
4.1
3.7
4.6
6.2
8.0
4.9
7.4
6.9
7.6
8.8
5.2
8.3
2.6
2.8
4.8
1.9
2.9
3.4
2.7
12.0
13.0
5.4
3.8
3.3
4.1
6.7
7.5
5.0
7.4
8.1
6.9
11.0
0.8
7.4
4.1
4.5
6.1
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
2.0
2.1
3.1
1.3
1.6
2.1
0.6
0.6
1.7
5.9
6.8
5.3
2.0
2.1
3.0
1.4
1.7
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.5
1.2
1.3
2.3
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Standard errors for establishments offering retirement and health care
benefits: private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
Retirement benefits
Characteristics
All plans1
Defined
benefit
Defined
contribution
Health care
benefits
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
5.1
6.0
6.5
2.6
3.7
3.7
4.9
4.7
6.4
4.8
3.8
7.9
3.3
1.3
2.5
1.3
0.9
1.1
–
1.4
1.7
2.0
–
1.1
1.7
1.4
5.1
5.8
6.5
2.6
3.7
3.7
4.9
4.7
6.3
4.7
3.8
8.0
3.2
4.3
4.6
5.4
2.5
3.1
3.1
5.6
4.0
5.8
3.9
3.8
8.1
3.4
1 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans.
Note: Dash indicates no establishments in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major
plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers,
National Compensation Survey, March 2015
All retirement benefits2
Characteristics
Access
All workers .............................................................
Participation
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.9
5.2
0.9
1.6
1.4
1.9
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.2
3.6
0.8
1.4
1.2
1.7
0.9
1.0
1.2
2.4
5.7
0.7
1.1
0.7
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.4
0.6
2.2
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.6
1.1
1.6
1.3
0.6
2.0
0.6
0.6
0.9
1.6
1.2
2.1
1.2
1.9
6.5
1.5
2.6
1.4
0.6
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.9
5.6
1.0
1.5
1.4
1.9
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.1
4.0
0.8
1.2
1.1
1.7
0.9
0.9
1.2
2.4
6.1
0.7
1.2
0.8
1.3
2.9
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.0
2.8
2.2
1.3
1.8
1.7
2.2
1.3
1.0
1.3
1.3
2.9
1.9
1.2
1.4
1.6
2.9
1.8
0.9
1.0
1.3
0.8
0.9
1.5
2.3
1.7
2.8
2.2
1.4
1.8
1.8
2.6
2.2
1.2
1.9
1.4
2.7
1.5
1.0
1.5
1.5
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.6
1.4
0.7
0.8
0.6
1.5
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.7
2.0
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.8
0.6
1.6
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.3
0.8
1.4
0.7
0.8
0.7
1.9
0.5
1.9
0.4
0.7
0.9
2.1
0.8
1.7
0.6
1.4
0.7
Average wage within the following categories:3
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.5
2.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
1.3
0.8
1.0
1.1
0.9
0.9
1.4
1.4
2.6
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.8
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
1.8
2.3
4.2
1.3
1.1
1.0
1.7
1.4
2.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
1.4
0.8
1.0
1.1
0.8
0.9
1.4
1.5
2.8
1.2
0.7
0.7
0.9
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
1.1
2.5
1.3
1.1
2.3
1.3
0.8
1.8
1.0
1.2
2.0
1.6
1.1
2.0
1.3
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.2
2.3
1.5
1.1
2.0
1.4
0.9
2.0
1.1
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
0.8
1.0
1.8
1.2
2.5
1.7
0.8
1.0
1.9
1.2
2.4
2.1
0.8
0.8
1.4
1.1
2.2
1.6
0.6
0.8
1.6
1.0
2.8
5.8
0.5
0.7
1.4
0.7
2.3
5.4
0.9
1.4
2.4
2.4
2.5
1.3
0.8
1.1
1.9
1.4
3.0
1.9
0.7
0.9
2.0
1.2
2.6
2.3
0.8
0.8
1.4
1.2
2.6
2.1
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 private industry workers,
National Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
All retirement benefits2
Characteristics
Access
Participation
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
Information .........................................................
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Administrative and waste services ................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Leisure and hospitality .......................................
Accommodation and food services ................
Other services ...................................................
2.3
1.7
0.8
0.8
1.6
5.0
2.4
2.7
4.4
2.2
3.6
1.6
2.4
2.8
3.2
3.8
2.4
1.7
0.9
1.0
1.6
5.2
2.2
2.8
4.2
2.0
3.3
1.6
2.1
1.2
1.4
2.8
0.9
0.9
0.5
0.9
0.7
5.2
1.6
2.1
4.1
1.6
1.3
1.0
1.8
3.0
3.3
2.6
3.8
1.9
1.9
2.5
2.7
–
1.7
3.0
1.7
1.5
2.0
1.1
1.7
0.7
0.7
2.1
3.7
1.7
1.6
2.0
2.6
–
1.5
2.8
1.7
1.4
1.9
1.0
1.6
0.7
0.7
1.8
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.6
–
3.6
3.5
2.9
2.2
1.8
1.9
2.5
1.7
(4)
6.5
2.3
1.6
0.8
0.8
1.6
4.5
2.3
2.8
4.2
2.2
3.5
1.7
2.4
2.7
3.1
3.9
2.2
1.7
0.9
1.0
1.7
4.5
2.2
2.7
4.0
1.8
3.1
1.7
2.0
1.0
1.2
2.9
0.9
1.0
0.6
0.9
0.9
5.6
1.6
2.1
4.3
1.6
1.5
1.1
1.8
2.8
3.0
2.8
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
1.1
1.3
2.2
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.9
1.0
1.3
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.9
0.7
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.5
1.1
0.9
1.1
1.5
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.8
1.0
1.3
1.4
1.2
3.2
0.8
1.6
1.0
1.1
1.3
2.3
0.9
1.2
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.9
0.9
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.2
2.0
0.7
1.1
0.8
1.7
3.1
1.8
1.3
2.0
2.3
1.8
1.4
1.7
2.5
1.5
2.6
1.8
1.5
2.5
1.6
1.1
1.7
2.2
1.7
1.5
1.9
2.2
1.2
2.7
1.3
0.8
1.9
0.9
1.0
1.3
3.8
1.5
1.3
1.6
2.2
1.8
3.7
2.0
1.7
2.6
1.8
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.3
1.4
2.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.6
2.4
1.8
0.7
1.1
1.1
0.8
1.0
1.0
2.2
1.1
1.0
1.4
1.0
3.0
1.0
1.6
2.7
4.1
1.1
1.4
1.7
2.6
1.5
2.8
1.8
1.5
3.3
1.5
1.2
1.9
2.0
1.8
1.3
1.7
2.2
1.6
2.7
2.0
1.2
2.4
1.3
1.1
1.6
2.2
1.7
1.3
1.8
1.7
1.2
2.6
1.3
0.9
1.8
1.2
1.0
1.3
3.7
1.6
1.4
1.7
2.3
1.8
3.7
1.9
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating
in at least one of these plan types.
3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.
The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
4 Less than 0.05.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee
Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
0.5
0.3
0.7
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
1.1
1.5
1.2
0.4
1.2
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.5
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.3
1.7
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.8
1.3
1.7
1.6
1.9
5.8
0.9
1.4
1.3
1.9
2.6
1.8
1.1
1.4
1.3
1.5
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.1
2.4
2.4
1.5
2.0
1.9
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.2
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
2.1
0.4
2.0
0.1
1.5
0.8
Average wage within the following categories:1
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.9
1.3
1.9
0.3
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
1.4
2.1
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.7
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
1.2
1.9
1.5
0.6
1.1
0.7
1.5
2.0
1.9
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
Information .........................................................
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
0.5
0.6
1.5
0.5
2.4
5.6
3.8
1.9
1.9
0.3
0.7
0.6
0.9
2.0
1.9
–
0.4
0.1
0.8
1.2
2.4
1.4
3.2
–
3.1
1.6
1.7
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015—continued
Characteristics
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Administrative and waste services ................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Leisure and hospitality .......................................
Accommodation and food services ................
Other services ...................................................
2.5
2.7
–
1.6
3.0
1.7
1.0
1.0
0.8
1.1
–
–
1.8
0.2
–
–
0.5
–
0.4
0.8
1.7
1.0
0.9
0.5
0.5
1.1
2.5
2.6
3.8
2.7
3.3
4.2
2.2
3.4
1.6
2.6
2.7
3.1
3.9
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.8
1.0
1.4
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.3
2.3
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.7
2.7
1.8
0.6
0.9
1.3
0.9
1.0
0.8
2.5
1.0
1.1
1.4
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.8
0.8
1.6
2.7
1.7
1.1
1.6
2.7
1.7
1.5
2.0
2.0
1.9
3.0
2.3
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The
categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions
of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015
(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)
Soft freeze2
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Open plans1
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze3
1.6
1.2
0.5
0.9
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
2.3
3.4
3.1
3.8
10.7
2.3
4.1
2.3
3.1
1.9
2.5
2.6
3.2
–
1.6
3.0
1.6
2.6
1.0
0.9
1.1
–
–
0.6
1.5
0.5
–
1.0
1.6
1.2
–
–
1.5
2.2
1.7
–
1.6
4.2
3.1
5.3
3.0
1.4
4.1
2.4
4.1
2.3
–
–
0.8
–
0.6
–
–
2.4
–
2.2
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.6
2.6
1.2
2.3
0.5
–
1.0
–
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.8
1.9
1.7
1.5
–
0.7
–
1.2
Average wage within the following categories:4
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
3.5
4.5
2.3
2.1
2.0
3.0
3.1
4.2
1.7
1.7
1.7
2.7
0.4
–
0.7
0.6
0.9
1.5
1.8
–
1.8
1.5
0.8
1.5
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
3.1
2.1
4.0
2.6
–
3.2
0.8
–
1.2
2.0
–
3.0
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
Information .........................................................
1.8
2.0
5.8
3.7
3.8
4.2
–
1.4
1.7
5.0
3.2
3.3
4.4
4.5
0.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
–
–
–
–
3.6
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
(All workers participating in defined benefit plans = 100 percent)
Soft freeze2
Characteristics
Open plans1
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze3
Establishment characteristics
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Leisure and hospitality .......................................
Accommodation and food services ................
Other services ...................................................
2.3
2.4
3.8
3.2
12.5
4.3
7.0
4.5
3.9
3.7
5.4
5.6
0.0
8.8
1.7
1.6
2.5
2.2
–
3.3
–
3.3
3.0
–
3.9
–
–
–
1.0
0.5
0.8
0.8
–
–
–
0.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.8
1.8
3.1
2.6
–
–
–
2.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
2.7
3.6
3.6
1.8
2.9
2.0
2.2
2.9
3.0
1.4
2.2
1.7
0.7
1.1
–
0.6
1.4
0.4
1.5
2.1
–
1.1
1.7
1.1
3.3
6.9
3.6
2.6
3.7
5.4
4.4
3.0
3.7
4.0
3.9
6.0
4.8
2.2
5.5
2.2
2.3
2.9
4.5
4.2
2.4
2.3
5.5
3.0
3.6
3.8
0.9
–
1.1
0.5
0.6
–
1.1
0.6
0.7
–
–
–
–
1.7
–
2.0
1.3
1.9
–
1.8
2.2
2.6
–
–
–
–
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans open to new participants.
2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants.
3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is
calculated as of the day the plan was frozen.
4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, private industry workers, National Compensation
Survey, March 2015
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits2
Characteristics
1 year
All workers .............................................................
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
0.8
1.9
2.0
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
0.4
–
0.6
–
–
0.9
–
1.1
0.8
2.8
–
3.5
–
–
2.6
2.0
3.0
7.1
2.9
2.9
3.5
10.5
3.0
2.6
2.0
3.1
7.1
–
0.8
–
–
–
–
7.3
–
–
–
17.6
7.4
2.5
3.3
1.9
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.7
–
2.0
–
2.1
3.4
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.7
–
4.3
–
4.4
1.9
Average wage within the following categories:3
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
–
–
–
0.6
0.5
0.5
–
–
–
2.7
2.4
3.4
4.9
5.2
4.0
2.7
2.5
3.5
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
0.6
0.7
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
1.0
0.8
–
–
2.2
1.8
–
–
2.4
2.0
6.8
3.2
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, private industry workers, National Compensation
Survey, March 2015—continued
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits2
Characteristics
1 year
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
Information .........................................................
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Other services ...................................................
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.8
–
–
–
–
–
8.4
–
–
20.8
1.8
8.8
5.0
2.7
2.8
3.8
4.5
0.0
6.1
8.6
6.5
8.4
6.4
7.0
–
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
–
–
–
0.5
0.8
0.7
–
–
6.5
2.1
3.6
2.8
4.3
5.6
6.5
2.2
3.7
2.9
–
–
–
0.6
–
–
–
0.6
–
0.7
1.6
–
2.1
–
–
–
2.4
–
–
–
3.1
–
5.8
5.1
–
6.3
4.3
7.7
5.2
2.5
3.5
8.7
3.2
3.3
4.1
5.7
5.4
5.8
6.7
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen
after January 2014 are included in the "1 year" column. Those frozen between 2010 and 2013 are included in
the "2 to 5 year" column and plans frozen before 2010 are included in the "Greater than 5 years" column.
3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories
were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 7. Standard errors for frozen defined benefit retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private
industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015
Alternatives to frozen plans
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
No
Alternatives
alternative to to frozen
frozen plans
plans
Enhanced
Modified
existing
New defined
existing
New defined
defined
contribution
defined
benefit plan
contribution
plan
benefit plan
plan
1.1
1.1
0.7
1.8
2.2
1.9
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Transportation and material moving ..................
1.4
2.0
1.8
3.7
1.9
3.9
2.0
1.5
1.5
3.3
2.6
1.4
2.0
1.8
3.7
1.9
3.9
2.0
1.5
1.5
3.3
2.6
0.8
1.2
1.0
–
1.1
1.6
1.3
2.3
–
1.2
1.7
3.2
3.4
3.7
2.8
1.8
–
2.1
5.3
5.6
3.3
5.6
3.2
3.5
3.7
6.3
2.8
5.1
3.0
6.1
6.3
2.7
5.0
3.1
2.9
4.0
9.2
2.5
4.8
2.5
2.6
2.9
3.9
6.4
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.1
3.2
1.1
3.2
0.7
1.8
2.0
4.3
2.3
3.3
2.0
5.1
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
0.7
1.3
0.7
1.3
1.0
0.9
4.2
2.0
3.7
2.3
3.2
2.3
Average wage within the following categories:2
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
5.6
10.7
2.1
2.4
1.1
1.7
5.6
10.7
2.1
2.4
1.1
1.7
1.3
–
1.6
0.8
0.8
1.0
–
–
2.3
3.0
2.6
4.1
3.9
–
3.0
3.0
3.0
4.7
6.1
–
4.0
2.8
2.7
4.2
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
1.4
–
1.5
1.4
0.0
1.5
–
–
–
3.6
–
2.9
4.2
–
4.4
3.4
–
3.5
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Retail trade ....................................................
Information .........................................................
1.3
3.0
4.8
3.3
1.3
3.0
4.8
3.3
0.8
1.8
1.2
2.1
2.2
3.6
1.6
5.5
2.4
3.4
3.8
5.3
2.3
4.1
5.2
1.1
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Standard errors for frozen defined benefit retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, private
industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
Alternatives to frozen plans
Characteristics
No
Alternatives
alternative to to frozen
frozen plans
plans
Enhanced
Modified
existing
New defined
existing
New defined
defined
contribution
defined
benefit plan
contribution
plan
benefit plan
plan
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and technical services ..............
Education and health services ...........................
Health care and social assistance .................
1.8
1.9
2.7
2.5
–
–
3.3
3.5
1.8
1.9
2.7
2.5
0.0
0.0
3.3
3.5
1.0
1.0
1.6
–
–
–
1.4
–
2.0
1.7
2.1
4.6
–
16.5
–
–
2.8
3.0
4.2
6.3
–
–
4.6
5.0
2.7
2.8
4.4
3.3
–
16.5
5.7
6.2
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
2.0
1.7
1.3
2.7
1.5
2.0
1.7
1.3
2.7
1.5
1.8
1.6
0.7
1.4
0.6
3.5
4.6
2.1
4.1
2.4
4.5
5.8
2.5
4.1
2.9
3.9
5.0
2.3
3.9
2.6
2.4
2.6
1.7
1.9
2.4
1.8
2.1
1.6
2.4
2.6
1.7
1.9
2.4
1.8
2.1
1.6
1.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.2
–
1.2
1.0
2.3
2.9
3.6
4.3
2.9
3.4
5.3
6.5
4.5
3.6
2.7
3.8
4.3
5.2
5.5
6.9
3.9
4.3
3.3
4.8
2.9
3.9
5.5
6.3
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West ......................................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings
both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms,
see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March
2015
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
All workers .............................................................
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Management, business, and financial ...............
Professional and related ....................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Sales and related ...............................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and
forestry .............................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair .................
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
Production .........................................................
Transportation and material moving ..................
1.2
1.5
1.4
3.0
4.0
0.8
1.3
1.1
2.3
1.2
1.5
1.4
3.0
4.0
0.8
1.3
1.1
2.3
1.0
1.2
1.2
3.3
–
0.9
1.4
1.1
2.4
1.0
1.2
1.2
3.3
–
0.9
1.4
1.1
2.4
3.5
3.1
1.4
1.8
2.1
3.5
3.1
1.4
1.8
2.1
4.2
3.0
1.3
1.6
1.8
4.2
3.0
1.3
1.6
1.8
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.8
1.9
0.8
1.9
0.8
1.8
0.8
1.8
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
2.3
0.9
2.3
0.9
2.1
0.7
2.1
0.7
Average wage within the following categories:1
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.7
3.6
1.8
1.1
1.0
1.3
1.7
3.6
1.8
1.1
1.0
1.3
1.7
2.7
1.7
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.7
2.7
1.7
1.0
0.9
1.0
Goods-producing industries ...................................
Construction ......................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................
1.4
2.8
1.6
1.4
2.8
1.6
1.4
3.2
1.5
1.4
3.2
1.5
Service-providing industries ..................................
Trade, transportation, and utilities .....................
Wholesale trade .............................................
Retail trade ....................................................
Transportation and warehousing ...................
Utilities ...........................................................
0.9
1.1
2.1
1.8
3.0
3.1
0.9
1.1
2.1
1.8
3.0
3.1
0.8
1.3
2.1
1.7
2.8
2.5
0.8
1.3
2.1
1.7
2.8
2.5
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, private industry workers, National Compensation Survey, March
2015—continued
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
Information .........................................................
Financial activities .............................................
Finance and insurance ..................................
Credit intermediation and related activities
Insurance carriers and related activities ....
Real estate and rental and leasing ................
Professional and business services ..................
Professional and technical services ..............
Administrative and waste services ................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Leisure and hospitality .......................................
Other services ...................................................
2.6
1.2
1.2
1.5
2.3
5.4
3.1
3.3
8.3
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.5
4.9
5.9
2.6
1.2
1.2
1.5
2.3
5.4
3.1
3.3
8.3
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.5
4.9
5.9
1.8
1.3
1.2
1.7
2.0
–
3.0
2.5
–
1.9
1.8
1.3
2.2
–
3.8
1.8
1.3
1.2
1.7
2.0
–
3.0
2.5
–
1.9
1.8
1.3
2.2
–
3.8
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
1.4
1.7
2.1
0.9
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.7
2.1
0.9
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.7
2.0
0.8
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.7
2.0
0.8
1.1
1.2
1.5
2.2
1.8
1.2
1.6
3.7
2.1
1.9
1.9
4.3
1.6
2.9
1.9
1.5
2.2
1.8
1.2
1.6
3.7
2.1
1.9
1.9
4.3
1.6
2.9
1.9
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.1
4.2
1.6
1.8
1.9
3.9
1.5
2.9
1.7
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.0
1.1
4.2
1.6
1.8
1.9
3.9
1.5
2.9
1.7
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 State and local government
workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015
All retirement benefits2
Characteristics
Access
All workers .............................................................
Participation3
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate3
Access
Participation3
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate3
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
0.7
0.9
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.7
1.2
2.4
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.2
0.9
1.0
1.2
1.0
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.9
1.9
2.0
1.4
1.4
1.4
2.7
2.7
3.2
0.3
1.5
1.1
2.0
1.8
1.8
4.7
1.3
1.6
1.4
1.9
1.8
2.0
4.3
1.3
0.8
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.3
1.6
0.3
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.3
2.5
4.8
1.5
1.8
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.3
4.4
1.3
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.2
1.8
2.1
1.9
2.9
2.5
2.6
3.6
3.8
1.2
1.2
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.4
2.7
3.2
2.9
4.5
3.8
4.0
3.8
6.3
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.2
2.1
0.7
1.9
0.7
1.7
0.8
2.1
1.0
1.9
1.0
1.6
1.9
1.0
1.4
0.5
2.4
3.6
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
0.4
1.2
0.9
1.4
0.7
1.0
0.6
1.8
1.1
1.6
0.9
1.5
2.2
2.1
1.8
1.3
3.8
2.8
Average wage within the following categories:4
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.9
3.4
0.7
1.3
0.3
0.7
2.0
3.5
1.0
1.6
0.8
1.0
0.8
1.5
1.0
1.1
0.8
0.8
2.2
4.0
1.3
1.4
1.0
2.0
2.3
4.0
1.8
1.6
1.0
2.1
0.9
1.4
1.9
1.4
1.1
1.7
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.3
1.8
2.6
1.5
1.7
2.0
1.7
1.3
2.2
3.3
5.1
3.5
3.1
2.6
4.0
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.5
2.0
3.1
1.5
1.4
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.6
3.2
2.4
1.5
0.6
0.9
0.9
1.0
2.3
1.6
2.0
0.8
1.0
1.1
0.9
0.5
3.3
4.6
5.1
1.6
1.0
1.3
1.2
1.0
2.6
4.4
5.3
1.8
1.0
1.5
1.3
1.0
5.1
4.2
5.9
0.9
1.7
2.0
1.9
1.9
4.1
4.3
4.7
2.7
1.2
1.4
1.2
1.0
2.9
3.7
4.8
2.0
2.4
2.6
2.6
2.8
3.7
4.3
5.4
4.2
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
3.2
4.8
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.6
3.3
4.7
2.1
0.8
1.9
0.9
1.7
2.5
2.2
0.6
1.0
0.8
4.0
5.3
2.7
0.9
1.8
1.0
4.0
5.0
3.2
1.0
2.1
1.2
1.8
2.8
2.3
1.1
1.2
1.4
3.6
4.0
6.2
1.7
2.6
1.9
2.7
3.3
4.9
1.2
1.8
1.3
4.5
7.7
6.8
2.5
4.2
2.4
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Standard errors for retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 State and local government
workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
All retirement benefits2
Characteristics
Access
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
Participation3
Defined benefit
Take-up
rate3
Access
Participation3
Defined contribution
Take-up
rate3
Access
Participation
Take-up
rate
1.0
0.7
1.5
1.0
1.3
0.7
1.8
1.0
2.4
1.2
3.3
0.8
3.2
1.6
2.8
1.0
4.7
2.1
1.1
2.8
1.3
1.2
1.7
3.0
2.2
1.6
2.4
1.4
1.1
1.8
1.3
2.0
5.1
2.0
1.7
2.1
4.6
3.2
1.6
2.3
2.3
1.2
4.0
0.8
1.5
4.1
1.5
1.2
1.7
4.0
1.6
0.9
1.0
1.4
1.2
3.8
1.2
1.6
4.9
1.4
1.5
1.7
5.0
2.3
2.7
3.0
5.0
1.5
3.0
1.8
2.4
7.4
1.9
1.6
1.9
4.5
3.1
2.6
2.9
4.6
1.7
4.8
1.6
2.1
4.2
2.4
1.3
1.6
4.8
1.6
3.5
1.8
7.7
1.2
3.6
1.2
2.6
–
3.2
2.9
4.4
6.8
2.1
3.7
4.0
7.3
3.9
5.3
5.0
1.4
2.9
1.6
1.3
1.5
3.8
2.0
3.1
3.5
5.5
3.8
3.9
5.0
3.3
–
3.4
2.8
2.6
9.0
7.2
5.2
6.2
7.3
4.0
7.2
3.3
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
2 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating in
at least one of these plan types.
3 The 2014 estimates are not strictly comparable to corresponding estimates in previous years. See technical note for more information.
4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.
The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee
Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
1.7
1.7
0.7
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
2.0
1.9
2.1
1.8
1.8
2.0
0.8
0.8
0.9
2.1
1.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
3.1
3.2
2.1
2.4
3.2
2.8
2.8
4.1
4.3
–
1.1
1.8
1.3
1.2
1.8
2.4
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.9
0.9
1.9
2.2
0.8
0.6
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.2
0.4
1.2
Average wage within the following categories:1
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.9
1.5
2.4
2.4
1.9
2.7
3.2
4.7
2.4
2.3
1.8
2.6
1.1
1.7
1.0
0.9
0.9
1.9
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
1.7
2.1
2.0
1.9
5.6
4.1
4.5
2.6
1.7
1.9
1.9
1.8
3.8
4.3
5.1
2.7
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.2
2.5
3.5
4.6
0.9
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
2.7
2.2
6.0
1.8
2.4
2.0
5.0
5.5
5.4
1.7
2.5
1.9
2.2
3.0
2.8
0.7
1.2
0.7
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Standard errors for retirement benefit combinations:
Access, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
Characteristics
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
Defined
Defined
Defined
benefit and
benefit only contribution
defined
only
contribution
3.7
1.4
3.3
1.6
1.5
0.7
2.6
1.7
3.5
3.1
4.6
–
2.2
3.6
3.4
–
4.1
4.0
–
2.5
5.2
3.1
2.9
3.8
8.4
1.8
3.8
4.4
7.3
3.8
6.3
4.7
1.0
–
0.7
0.9
0.7
–
1.4
2.3
2.0
–
1.3
2.6
1.5
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The
categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions
of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 4. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans:1 Employee contribution
requirement and method of contribution, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015
Fixed percent of annual earnings2
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Employee
contribution
required
Mean fixed
percent of
annual
earnings
Total
Employee
Median fixed
contribution
percent of
not required
annual
earnings
1.4
1.7
0.1
0.1
1.4
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
1.5
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.0
3.1
1.6
2.1
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.5
3.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
(3)
(3)
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
1.2
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.3
2.0
3.1
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.4
2.0
1.6
3.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
1.4
2.0
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.9
1.4
2.1
1.6
0.1
0.2
0.0
(3)
1.9
1.4
Average wage within the following categories:4
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.6
2.0
1.8
2.0
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.8
2.1
2.2
1.8
2.1
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
1.6
2.0
1.8
2.0
1.3
1.4
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
1.4
1.2
1.1
1.2
2.5
4.7
6.2
2.5
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.6
2.7
5.4
7.5
2.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
(3)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
(3)
1.4
1.2
1.1
1.2
2.5
4.7
6.2
2.5
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
3.5
1.8
1.3
2.6
1.1
4.4
4.2
1.5
3.0
1.3
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.7
(3)
0.1
0.1
3.5
1.8
1.3
2.6
1.1
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans:1 Employee contribution
requirement and method of contribution, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
Fixed percent of annual earnings2
Characteristics
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
Employee
contribution
required
Mean fixed
percent of
annual
earnings
Total
Employee
Median fixed
contribution
percent of
not required
annual
earnings
2.7
1.3
2.8
1.7
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.7
1.3
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.4
2.1
3.5
1.1
5.3
6.0
2.6
6.5
2.8
1.4
1.6
2.6
4.2
1.2
5.4
5.7
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
1.0
0.1
0.4
(3)
0.0
0.6
0.8
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.4
2.1
3.5
1.1
5.3
6.0
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 The 2014 estimates are not strictly comparable to corresponding estimates in previous years. See technical note for more
information.
2 The employee contributes a fixed percentage of his or her earnings to the retirement plan.
3 Less than 0.05.
4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include
workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage
data for March 2015.
Note: For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, State and local government workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015
Soft freeze2
Characteristics
All workers .............................................................
Open plans1
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze3
1.3
1.2
(4)
(4)
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
1.4
1.5
1.8
1.4
1.5
1.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.9
1.7
2.3
2.0
2.0
3.4
3.7
1.9
1.7
2.3
2.0
2.0
3.4
3.7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
( )
–
–
(4)
–
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
1.3
2.7
1.3
2.7
(4)
–
(4)
–
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
1.3
2.1
1.3
2.1
–
–
–
–
Average wage within the following categories:5
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
2.1
2.9
1.7
1.9
1.2
2.9
2.1
2.9
1.7
1.9
1.3
2.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.4
6.1
1.8
1.3
1.5
1.6
1.6
2.4
4.4
6.1
1.8
(4)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
(4)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
3.5
5.5
3.6
1.3
2.5
1.4
3.5
5.5
3.6
1.3
2.4
1.4
–
–
–
(4)
–
(4)
–
–
–
(4)
–
(4)
4
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Standard errors for defined benefit retirement plans: Open, soft and hard
freeze plans, State and local government workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015—continued
Soft freeze2
Characteristics
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
Open plans1
All
participants
still accruing
benefits
Some
participants
still accruing
benefits
Hard freeze3
1.9
1.4
1.9
1.4
–
0.1
–
(4)
1.6
4.8
1.4
2.7
4.6
3.9
3.3
2.1
3.0
2.8
2.0
3.5
2.5
1.4
4.2
1.4
2.7
4.6
3.9
3.3
2.1
2.9
2.8
2.0
3.5
2.5
0.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.2
0.2
–
–
–
–
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans open to new participants.
2 New employees are not allowed in the plan. Benefit accruals may continue for existing participants.
3 Participants in these plans stop accruing benefits on the date the plan is frozen. The benefit the employee receives is
calculated as of the day the plan was frozen.
4 Less than 0.05.
5 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits2
Characteristics
1 year
All workers .............................................................
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
0.6
2.3
2.2
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
0.6
0.6
0.5
2.5
2.6
2.8
2.4
2.5
2.7
0.5
–
–
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.9
2.9
2.5
2.6
3.1
3.1
4.0
4.3
2.8
–
–
3.0
3.1
3.9
4.4
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
0.6
–
2.3
3.7
2.2
–
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
–
1.2
2.3
3.4
–
3.3
Average wage within the following categories:3
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
1.0
0.7
0.7
0.9
0.2
–
3.9
4.9
2.7
3.1
2.4
4.8
4.0
5.0
2.6
2.8
2.4
–
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.4
–
0.8
–
0.6
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
4.1
9.5
12.7
3.0
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.4
–
9.8
–
3.0
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
1 to 49 workers ..................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
–
–
–
0.6
0.5
0.7
7.9
6.8
10.8
2.1
4.2
2.1
–
–
–
2.1
4.3
2.0
Worker characteristics
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1
Selected attributes, State and local government workers, National
Compensation Survey, March 2015—continued
Time since plan closed to new workers or
stopped accruing benefits2
Characteristics
1 year
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
2 to 5 years
Greater than
5 years
1.3
0.4
3.9
2.3
3.9
2.2
–
–
–
1.7
1.3
–
–
0.1
–
–
–
–
2.0
3.6
2.2
4.2
3.0
12.5
2.6
7.7
6.1
4.6
3.8
6.0
2.0
3.6
2.2
4.0
1.8
–
2.6
7.7
–
–
3.8
–
Geographic areas
Northeast ...............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 The length of time is calculated based on the year the plan was modified. For example, plans frozen
after January 2014 are included in the "1 year" column. Those frozen between 2010 and 2013 are included in
the "2 to 5 year" column and plans frozen before 2010 are included in the "Greater than 5 years" column.
3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the
occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories
were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 7. Standard errors for defined benefit frozen retirement plans:1 Plan alternatives, State and local
government workers, National Compensation Survey, March 2015
Alternatives to frozen plans
Characteristics
No
Alternatives
alternative to to frozen
frozen plans
plans
Enhanced
Modified
existing
New defined
existing
New defined
defined
contribution
defined
benefit plan
contribution
plan
benefit plan
plan
Other
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
–
–
–
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.8
–
–
–
2.0
1.8
1.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
1.5
1.5
2.3
2.8
0.7
1.4
1.4
2.2
2.2
–
–
–
–
–
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.5
4.3
–
0.4
0.4
–
–
Average wage within the following categories:2
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
–
–
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.8
0.5
0.8
–
–
1.7
3.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
1.0
0.7
3.2
1.8
1.1
0.9
1.0
0.6
–
1.8
1.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
1.7
1.8
1.8
3.0
2.3
0.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.0
4.8
–
–
–
–
–
0.0
1.5
1.4
–
2.9
–
–
0.0
2.5
2.5
–
3.2
–
–
0.0
0.8
0.8
–
0.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.2
2.1
2.3
1.1
6.1
2.5
4.7
3.0
–
1.5
2.3
–
–
2.5
–
3.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.8
5.8
–
2.6
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Establishment characteristics
Service-providing industries:
Education and health services .........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
1 to 99 workers:
1 to 49 workers ................................................
100 workers or more:
100 to 499 workers ..........................................
State government ..................................................
Geographic areas
Northeast:
New England ....................................................
South:
East South Central .............................................
West South Central ...........................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Plans closed to new workers or plans that cease accruals for some or all plan participants.
2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and
below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the
"Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, State and local government workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
All workers .............................................................
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
4.4
4.4
2.7
2.7
Worker characteristics
Management, professional, and related ................
Professional and related ....................................
Teachers ........................................................
Primary, secondary, and special education
school teachers ........................................
Service ...................................................................
Protective service ..............................................
Sales and office .....................................................
Office and administrative support ......................
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
Production, transportation, and material moving ...
4.9
5.1
6.6
4.9
5.1
6.6
3.2
3.8
5.2
3.2
3.8
5.2
7.4
4.6
6.5
7.0
7.5
6.9
9.2
7.4
4.6
6.5
7.0
7.5
6.9
9.2
–
3.5
–
2.0
2.0
6.9
–
–
3.5
–
2.0
2.0
6.9
–
Full time .................................................................
Part time ................................................................
4.5
7.2
4.5
7.2
2.7
–
2.7
–
Union .....................................................................
Nonunion ...............................................................
8.2
3.7
8.2
3.7
4.7
2.4
4.7
2.4
Average wage within the following categories:1
Lowest 25 percent .............................................
Lowest 10 percent .........................................
Second 25 percent ............................................
Third 25 percent ................................................
Highest 25 percent ............................................
Highest 10 percent ........................................
4.2
5.7
6.6
6.3
4.2
5.1
4.2
5.7
6.6
6.3
4.2
5.1
3.4
–
3.2
4.7
2.8
3.0
3.4
–
3.2
4.7
2.8
3.0
Service-providing industries ..................................
Education and health services ...........................
Educational services ......................................
Elementary and secondary schools ...........
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
Health care and social assistance .................
Hospitals ....................................................
Public administration .........................................
4.5
5.2
6.4
7.1
8.2
5.3
6.4
6.9
4.5
5.2
6.4
7.1
8.2
5.3
6.4
6.9
2.7
4.0
5.2
–
5.8
3.6
4.7
3.5
2.7
4.0
5.2
–
5.8
3.6
4.7
3.5
1 to 99 workers ......................................................
50 to 99 workers ................................................
100 workers or more ..............................................
100 to 499 workers ............................................
500 workers or more ..........................................
6.7
8.5
4.7
6.1
5.0
6.7
8.5
4.7
6.1
5.0
–
–
3.1
2.8
3.8
–
–
3.1
2.8
3.8
Establishment characteristics
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Standard errors for defined contribution retirement plans: Selected
attributes, State and local government workers, National Compensation Survey,
March 2015—continued
Employee contribution
Characteristics
Required
State government ..................................................
Local government ..................................................
Not required
Employee contribution
option
Pretax
Not pretax
7.9
3.8
7.9
3.8
4.4
3.3
4.4
3.3
4.7
6.1
10.9
8.2
6.7
10.2
13.7
12.4
4.7
6.1
10.9
8.2
6.7
10.2
13.7
12.4
5.0
7.0
–
3.4
3.1
–
–
–
5.0
7.0
–
3.4
3.1
–
–
–
Geographic areas
South .....................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
Midwest .................................................................
East North Central .............................................
West ......................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may
include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates
generated using wage data for March 2015.
Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key
provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.