Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, June 3, 2011
USDL-11-0809
Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – MAY 2011
Nonfarm payroll employment changed little (+54,000) in May, and the unemployment rate was
essentially unchanged at 9.1 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains
continued in professional and business services, health care, and mining. Employment levels in other
major private-sector industries were little changed, and local government employment continued to
decline.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
May 2009 – May 2011
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month
change, seasonally adjusted, May 2009 – May 2011
Percent
Thousands
11.0
600
10.0
400
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
200
0
-200
-400
-600
5.0
-800
4.0
-1000
M ay-09 A ug-09 No v-09 Feb-10 M ay-10 A ug-10 No v-10 Feb-11 M ay-11
M ay-09 A ug-09 No v-09 Feb-10 M ay-10 A ug-10 No v-10 Feb-11 M ay-11
Household Survey Data
The number of unemployed persons (13.9 million) and the unemployment rate (9.1 percent) were
essentially unchanged in May. The labor force, at 153.7 million, was little changed over the month.
(See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (8.9 percent), adult women
(8.0 percent), teenagers (24.2 percent), whites (8.0 percent), blacks (16.2 percent), and Hispanics (11.9
percent) showed little or no change in May. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.0 percent, not seasonally
adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
In May, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) increased by
361,000 to 6.2 million; their share of unemployment increased to 45.1 percent. (See table A-12.)
The civilian labor force participation rate was 64.2 percent for the fifth consecutive month. The
employment-population ratio remained at 58.4 percent in May. (See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) was essentially unchanged in May at 8.5 million. These individuals were
working part time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time
job. (See table A-8.)
In May, 2.2 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about the same as a year
earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted
and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not
counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
(See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 822,000 discouraged workers in May, a decrease of
261,000 from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons
not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.4
million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work in the 4 weeks
preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed in May (+54,000), following gains that
averaged 220,000 in the prior 3 months. Private-sector employment continued to trend up (+83,000),
although by a much smaller amount than the average for the prior 3 months (+244,000). In May, job
gains occurred in professional and business services, health care, and mining. Local government
employment continued to trend down. Employment in other major industries changed little over the
month. (See table B-1.)
Employment in professional and business services continued to increase in May (+44,000). Notable
job gains occurred in accounting and bookkeeping services (+18,000) and in computer systems design
and related services (+8,000). Employment in temporary help services was little changed.
Health care employment continued to expand in May (+17,000). Employment in the industry had risen
by an average of 24,000 per month over the prior 12 months.
Mining added 7,000 jobs in May. Employment in mining has risen by 115,000 since a recent low point
in October 2009.
Employment in manufacturing changed little in May (-5,000). Job gains in fabricated metal products
and in machinery were offset by losses in transportation equipment, paper and paper products, and
printing and related support activities. The manufacturing industry added 243,000 jobs from a recent low
point in December 2009 through April 2011.
-2-
Construction employment was essentially unchanged in May. Employment in the industry has shown
little movement on net since early 2010, after having fallen sharply during the 2007-09 period.
Employment in local government continued to decline over the month (-28,000). Local government has
lost 446,000 jobs since an employment peak in September 2008.
Employment in other major industries, including retail trade, transportation and warehousing,
information, financial activities, and leisure and hospitality, changed little in May.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained at 34.4 hours in May.
The manufacturing workweek for all employees increased by 0.2 hour to 40.6 hours over the month,
while factory overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was 33.6 hours in May. (See tables B-2 and
B-7.)
In May, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 6 cents,
or 0.3 percent, to $22.98. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings increased by 1.8 percent. In
May, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 6
cents, or 0.3 percent, to $19.43. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for March was revised from +221,000 to +194,000,
and the change for April was revised from +244,000 to +232,000.
The Employment Situation for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 8, 2011, at 8:30
a.m. (EDT).
-3-
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
Change from:
Apr. 2011May 2011
May
2011
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed................................................................... .
Employment-population ratio.......................................... .
Unemployed................................................................ .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
237,499
154,237
64.9
139,353
58.7
14,884
9.6
83,262
239,000
153,406
64.2
139,864
58.5
13,542
8.8
85,594
239,146
153,421
64.2
139,674
58.4
13,747
9.0
85,725
239,313
153,693
64.2
139,779
58.4
13,914
9.1
85,620
167
272
0.0
105
0.0
167
0.1
-105
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over)............................................. .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................ .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................ .
9.6
9.8
8.1
26.4
8.8
15.5
7.5
12.4
8.8
8.6
7.7
24.5
7.9
15.5
7.1
11.3
9.0
8.8
7.9
24.9
8.0
16.1
6.4
11.8
9.1
8.9
8.0
24.2
8.0
16.2
7.0
11.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
-0.7
0.0
0.1
–
0.1
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.3
14.9
10.8
8.3
4.6
7.4
13.7
9.5
7.4
4.4
7.6
14.6
9.7
7.5
4.5
7.8
14.7
9.5
8.0
4.5
0.2
0.1
-0.2
0.5
0.0
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
Reentrants....................................................................... .
New entrants.................................................................... .
9,194
966
3,430
1,192
8,209
896
3,262
1,360
8,144
942
3,375
1,346
8,274
908
3,433
1,231
130
-34
58
-115
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks................................................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,763
3,060
2,174
6,710
2,449
2,914
1,957
6,122
2,691
2,907
2,006
5,839
2,664
2,892
1,984
6,200
-27
-15
-22
361
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions......................................... .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,776
6,141
2,299
17,977
8,433
5,595
2,332
18,417
8,600
5,689
2,480
18,282
8,548
5,834
2,473
18,468
-52
145
-7
186
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,223
1,083
2,434
921
2,466
989
2,206
822
–
–
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not
necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
458
48
1
11
-37
27
26
6.6
1
47
-1.3
-3.3
9.0
-1
-8
25
30.2
26
23.4
-3
5
410
194
219
40
15
5
20
21
1.7
-1
179
14.4
-5.6
8.0
-1
5
75
30.0
33
36.0
46
5
-25
232
251
38
9
5
24
18
2.9
6
213
5.3
64.0
7.0
-1
-2
50
-1.6
54
41.0
32
2
-19
54
83
3
6
2
-5
8
-3.4
-13
80
3.3
-8.5
8.0
-1
3
44
-1.2
34
27.2
-6
3
-29
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49.8
48.4
82.4
49.6
48.1
82.4
49.6
48.1
82.4
49.5
48.0
82.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34.2
$ 22.57
$771.89
91.9
0.3
98.9
0.6
34.3
$ 22.89
$785.13
93.3
0.2
101.9
0.3
34.4
$ 22.92
$788.45
93.8
0.5
102.5
0.6
34.4
$ 22.98
$790.51
93.9
0.1
102.9
0.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS
PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33.4
$ 19.03
$635.60
98.6
0.0
125.4
0.3
33.6
$ 19.32
$649.15
100.5
0.3
129.7
0.2
33.6
$ 19.37
$650.83
100.7
0.2
130.3
0.5
33.6
$ 19.43
$652.85
100.8
0.1
130.8
0.4
56.0
62.3
65.7
63.0
65.0
64.8
53.6
54.9
Category
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing
industries.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance
between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment
and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller
margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of
its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically
significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the
household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than
the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural
workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household
survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it
is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not
collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify
the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.
Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.
The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information
on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.
Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with
fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the
total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled
to achieve that goal.
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment
change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that
forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the
net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth
of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new
businesses to the survey twice a year.
Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance
benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who
are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People
on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or
question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including
those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In
addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and
other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment
Situation news release.
How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the month.
Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including pay for
holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but
not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off
work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers, such as
those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment, employees have to
be off work without pay for the entire pay period. About half of all employees in the payroll survey have
a 2-week, semi-monthly, or monthly pay period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay
period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the
effect of extreme weather on estimates of employment from the establishment survey.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th of the
month. Persons who miss the entire week’s work for weather-related events are counted as employed
whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the number of
persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours, or had a job but were not at work the entire
week, due to bad weather. Current and historical data are available on the household survey’s most
requested statistics page at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey)
and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment
that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD
DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about
140,000 businesses and government agencies representing
approximately 440,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 9 million unemployment insurance
tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that
contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the
calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between
surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or
unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment
rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor
force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.
Additional information about the household survey can be
found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are
produced for the private sector for all employees and for
production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007
version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between
the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys. Among these are:

The household survey includes agricultural
workers, the self-employed, unpaid family
workers, and private household workers among the
employed. These groups are excluded from the
establishment survey.

The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.

The household survey is limited to workers 16
years of age and older. The establishment survey is
not limited by age.

The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays,
and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large
number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely
to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative
to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of
economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the
establishment survey, payroll employment in education
declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term
and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because
seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of
the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more
discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a
more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most
major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are
computed by aggregating independently adjusted
component series. For example, total unemployment is
derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment
estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the
total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more
detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error. When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the "true" population values they represent. The
exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the
particular sample selected, and this variability is measured
by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate
based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the
establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus
100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90percent confidence interval on the monthly change would
range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by
these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within
this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however,
the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then
all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval
would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least
a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact,
risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5
percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly
change in unemployment as measured by the household
survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in
the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time,
such as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all
respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of
respondents to provide correct information on a timely
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in
the collection or processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates
for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete
returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive
revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered
final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment
gains from business births. This is incorporated into the
sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting
sample units going out of business, but imputing to them
the same employment trend as the other firms in the
sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net
birth/death employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series
model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death
employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA
model was derived from the unemployment insurance
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough
proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also
incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over
the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total
nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a
range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
237,499
153,866
64.8
139,497
58.7
14,369
9.3
83,633
6,381
239,146
152,898
63.9
139,661
58.4
13,237
8.7
86,248
6,482
239,313
153,449
64.1
140,028
58.5
13,421
8.7
85,864
6,821
237,499
154,237
64.9
139,353
58.7
14,884
9.6
83,262
5,733
238,704
153,186
64.2
139,323
58.4
13,863
9.0
85,518
6,410
238,851
153,246
64.2
139,573
58.4
13,673
8.9
85,605
6,410
239,000
153,406
64.2
139,864
58.5
13,542
8.8
85,594
6,509
239,146
153,421
64.2
139,674
58.4
13,747
9.0
85,725
6,539
239,313
153,693
64.2
139,779
58.4
13,914
9.1
85,620
6,227
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
115,001
82,028
71.3
73,776
64.2
8,252
10.1
32,973
116,067
81,354
70.1
73,761
63.6
7,593
9.3
34,713
116,156
81,956
70.6
74,441
64.1
7,515
9.2
34,200
115,001
82,176
71.5
73,603
64.0
8,572
10.4
32,825
115,828
81,544
70.4
73,800
63.7
7,744
9.5
34,284
115,907
81,720
70.5
74,122
63.9
7,598
9.3
34,187
115,988
81,674
70.4
74,108
63.9
7,566
9.3
34,313
116,067
81,684
70.4
73,973
63.7
7,712
9.4
34,382
116,156
81,989
70.6
74,177
63.9
7,811
9.5
34,168
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
106,407
79,088
74.3
71,655
67.3
7,433
9.4
27,319
107,469
78,702
73.2
71,822
66.8
6,880
8.7
28,767
107,566
79,223
73.7
72,427
67.3
6,796
8.6
28,344
106,407
79,178
74.4
71,451
67.1
7,728
9.8
27,229
107,203
78,506
73.2
71,589
66.8
6,917
8.8
28,698
107,292
78,795
73.4
71,954
67.1
6,841
8.7
28,497
107,381
78,764
73.4
71,959
67.0
6,805
8.6
28,617
107,469
78,856
73.4
71,939
66.9
6,917
8.8
28,612
107,566
79,193
73.6
72,137
67.1
7,056
8.9
28,373
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
122,499
71,838
58.6
65,721
53.7
6,117
8.5
50,661
123,079
71,544
58.1
65,900
53.5
5,644
7.9
51,535
123,157
71,492
58.0
65,587
53.3
5,905
8.3
51,664
122,499
72,062
58.8
65,750
53.7
6,312
8.8
50,437
122,876
71,642
58.3
65,523
53.3
6,119
8.5
51,234
122,944
71,526
58.2
65,451
53.2
6,075
8.5
51,418
123,012
71,732
58.3
65,756
53.5
5,976
8.3
51,280
123,079
71,737
58.3
65,702
53.4
6,035
8.4
51,342
123,157
71,704
58.2
65,602
53.3
6,102
8.5
51,453
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
114,160
68,859
60.3
63,506
55.6
5,352
7.8
45,302
114,868
68,863
59.9
63,733
55.5
5,130
7.4
46,005
114,954
68,728
59.8
63,423
55.2
5,305
7.7
46,226
114,160
69,057
60.5
63,487
55.6
5,570
8.1
45,103
114,637
68,839
60.0
63,392
55.3
5,447
7.9
45,798
114,714
68,802
60.0
63,319
55.2
5,483
8.0
45,912
114,792
68,898
60.0
63,566
55.4
5,332
7.7
45,894
114,868
68,896
60.0
63,479
55.3
5,417
7.9
45,972
114,954
68,908
59.9
63,402
55.2
5,505
8.0
46,047
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16,932
5,920
35.0
4,336
25.6
1,584
26.8
11,012
16,809
5,333
31.7
4,106
24.4
1,227
23.0
11,476
16,792
5,498
32.7
4,177
24.9
1,320
24.0
11,295
16,932
6,002
35.4
4,416
26.1
1,586
26.4
10,931
16,863
5,841
34.6
4,341
25.7
1,500
25.7
11,022
16,845
5,649
33.5
4,300
25.5
1,350
23.9
11,196
16,827
5,744
34.1
4,339
25.8
1,405
24.5
11,083
16,809
5,669
33.7
4,255
25.3
1,413
24.9
11,140
16,792
5,592
33.3
4,240
25.2
1,352
24.2
11,201
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
191,856
125,017
65.2
114,438
59.6
10,579
8.5
66,840
192,771
124,140
64.4
114,597
59.4
9,542
7.7
68,632
192,877
124,608
64.6
114,989
59.6
9,618
7.7
68,269
191,856
125,327
65.3
114,350
59.6
10,977
8.8
66,529
192,516
124,192
64.5
114,197
59.3
9,995
8.0
68,325
192,601
124,237
64.5
114,330
59.4
9,907
8.0
68,364
192,688
124,497
64.6
114,706
59.5
9,791
7.9
68,191
192,771
124,650
64.7
114,652
59.5
9,998
8.0
68,122
192,877
124,811
64.7
114,785
59.5
10,026
8.0
68,066
65,352
74.8
59,848
68.5
5,504
8.4
64,904
73.7
59,869
68.0
5,035
7.8
65,416
74.3
60,472
68.7
4,943
7.6
65,381
74.8
59,638
68.3
5,743
8.8
64,673
73.6
59,586
67.8
5,086
7.9
64,919
73.9
59,860
68.1
5,059
7.8
64,864
73.7
59,850
68.0
5,014
7.7
65,032
73.9
59,903
68.1
5,129
7.9
65,335
74.2
60,168
68.3
5,167
7.9
54,786
59.8
50,934
55.6
3,852
7.0
54,882
59.7
51,275
55.8
3,606
6.6
54,709
59.5
50,956
55.4
3,753
6.9
55,026
60.1
50,984
55.7
4,041
7.3
54,686
59.6
50,878
55.4
3,808
7.0
54,677
59.5
50,816
55.3
3,860
7.1
54,950
59.8
51,184
55.7
3,766
6.9
54,971
59.8
51,138
55.6
3,833
7.0
54,912
59.7
50,999
55.5
3,914
7.1
4,879
37.8
3,656
28.3
1,223
25.1
4,354
33.9
3,453
26.9
901
20.7
4,483
34.9
3,561
27.8
922
20.6
4,920
38.1
3,728
28.9
1,193
24.2
4,833
37.5
3,732
29.0
1,100
22.8
4,641
36.1
3,654
28.4
987
21.3
4,683
36.4
3,672
28.6
1,011
21.6
4,646
36.2
3,610
28.1
1,036
22.3
4,563
35.6
3,619
28.2
945
20.7
28,653
17,926
62.6
15,188
53.0
2,738
15.3
10,727
29,035
17,765
61.2
14,966
51.5
2,799
15.8
11,270
29,063
17,705
60.9
14,867
51.2
2,838
16.0
11,358
28,653
17,961
62.7
15,175
53.0
2,785
15.5
10,692
28,947
17,857
61.7
15,048
52.0
2,809
15.7
11,090
28,976
17,865
61.7
15,124
52.2
2,741
15.3
11,112
29,005
17,836
61.5
15,067
51.9
2,769
15.5
11,169
29,035
17,849
61.5
14,966
51.5
2,882
16.1
11,186
29,063
17,750
61.1
14,870
51.2
2,880
16.2
11,313
8,137
70.2
6,758
58.3
1,380
17.0
8,091
68.4
6,688
56.5
1,403
17.3
8,024
67.7
6,618
55.8
1,406
17.5
8,164
70.4
6,772
58.4
1,392
17.1
8,054
68.3
6,723
57.1
1,331
16.5
8,053
68.2
6,745
57.2
1,309
16.2
8,119
68.7
6,758
57.2
1,361
16.8
8,113
68.6
6,731
56.9
1,382
17.0
8,056
68.0
6,645
56.1
1,411
17.5
9,097
63.2
8,004
55.6
1,093
12.0
9,032
61.9
7,877
54.0
1,155
12.8
9,041
61.9
7,868
53.9
1,172
13.0
9,102
63.2
7,976
55.4
1,125
12.4
9,146
62.9
7,966
54.8
1,179
12.9
9,185
63.1
7,993
54.9
1,192
13.0
9,050
62.1
7,923
54.4
1,127
12.5
9,054
62.0
7,836
53.7
1,217
13.4
9,056
62.0
7,847
53.7
1,210
13.4
692
26.0
426
16.0
266
38.4
642
24.6
402
15.4
241
37.5
640
24.6
380
14.6
260
40.6
696
26.1
428
16.0
268
38.5
658
25.1
359
13.7
299
45.4
627
23.9
386
14.7
241
38.4
668
25.6
387
14.8
281
42.1
682
26.2
398
15.3
284
41.6
638
24.5
378
14.5
260
40.7
11,166
11,378
11,350
–
–
–
–
–
–
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
May
2010
7,236
64.8
6,692
59.9
544
7.5
3,930
Apr.
2011
7,295
64.1
6,832
60.0
463
6.4
4,083
May
2011
7,377
65.0
6,863
60.5
514
7.0
3,973
May
2010
Jan.
2011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Feb.
2011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mar.
2011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Apr.
2011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
May
2011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
33,578
22,633
67.4
20,033
59.7
2,600
11.5
10,945
34,233
22,672
66.2
20,124
58.8
2,548
11.2
11,561
34,311
22,642
66.0
20,124
58.7
2,518
11.1
11,668
33,578
22,739
67.7
19,913
59.3
2,826
12.4
10,839
34,001
22,823
67.1
20,099
59.1
2,724
11.9
11,178
34,079
22,519
66.1
19,912
58.4
2,606
11.6
11,561
34,155
22,676
66.4
20,105
58.9
2,571
11.3
11,479
34,233
22,798
66.6
20,110
58.7
2,688
11.8
11,435
34,311
22,739
66.3
20,025
58.4
2,715
11.9
11,571
12,887
82.5
11,469
73.4
1,417
11.0
12,899
81.4
11,568
73.0
1,331
10.3
12,940
81.5
11,636
73.3
1,304
10.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8,752
59.5
7,853
53.4
898
10.3
8,896
59.3
7,884
52.6
1,012
11.4
8,799
58.5
7,820
52.0
979
11.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
995
30.7
710
21.9
285
28.6
878
25.9
672
19.8
206
23.4
904
26.6
668
19.7
236
26.1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release
of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................... .
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed........................................ .
Unemployment rate............................. .
12,338
46.6
10,655
40.2
1,683
13.6
11,703
46.1
10,000
39.4
1,703
14.5
11,669
46.0
10,072
39.7
1,597
13.7
12,104
45.7
10,305
38.9
1,799
14.9
11,383
45.1
9,770
38.7
1,613
14.2
11,317
45.5
9,749
39.2
1,568
13.9
11,652
46.1
10,059
39.8
1,593
13.7
11,567
45.5
9,876
38.9
1,691
14.6
11,442
45.1
9,757
38.5
1,685
14.7
High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................... .
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed........................................ .
Unemployment rate............................. .
38,354
61.8
34,409
55.5
3,945
10.3
37,485
60.4
33,886
54.6
3,599
9.6
37,670
60.4
34,247
54.9
3,423
9.1
38,404
61.9
34,267
55.2
4,138
10.8
37,513
60.3
33,972
54.6
3,541
9.4
37,525
60.3
33,965
54.6
3,560
9.5
37,171
60.0
33,654
54.4
3,517
9.5
37,506
60.4
33,881
54.6
3,626
9.7
37,653
60.4
34,072
54.6
3,581
9.5
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................... .
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed........................................ .
Unemployment rate............................. .
36,707
70.8
33,833
65.2
2,874
7.8
36,463
69.3
33,829
64.3
2,634
7.2
36,659
69.4
33,898
64.2
2,761
7.5
36,844
71.0
33,788
65.1
3,057
8.3
36,841
70.2
33,878
64.6
2,963
8.0
36,784
69.5
33,919
64.1
2,865
7.8
36,653
69.7
33,938
64.6
2,715
7.4
36,637
69.7
33,907
64.5
2,730
7.5
36,780
69.7
33,852
64.1
2,928
8.0
Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................... .
Employed................ . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed........................................ .
Unemployment rate............................. .
45,573
77.0
43,561
73.6
2,012
4.4
46,913
77.0
44,976
73.8
1,937
4.1
46,778
77.2
44,766
73.9
2,012
4.3
45,709
77.2
43,599
73.7
2,110
4.6
46,263
76.4
44,322
73.2
1,941
4.2
46,591
76.9
44,588
73.6
2,003
4.3
46,919
76.9
44,843
73.5
2,076
4.4
46,897
77.0
44,789
73.5
2,109
4.5
46,925
77.5
44,807
74.0
2,118
4.5
1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service
May
2010
Men
May
2011
May
2010
Women
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22,060
11,862
53.8
10,938
49.6
924
7.8
10,198
21,664
11,421
52.7
10,477
48.4
944
8.3
10,243
20,275
10,754
53.0
9,914
48.9
839
7.8
9,521
19,864
10,316
51.9
9,457
47.6
859
8.3
9,548
1,785
1,108
62.1
1,023
57.3
85
7.7
677
1,800
1,105
61.4
1,020
56.7
85
7.7
695
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,130
1,734
81.4
1,550
72.8
185
10.6
395
2,394
1,923
80.3
1,691
70.6
232
12.1
471
1,755
1,471
83.8
1,327
75.6
145
9.8
284
1,984
1,647
83.0
1,435
72.3
212
12.9
337
374
263
70.2
223
59.6
40
15.2
111
409
276
67.3
256
62.4
20
7.3
134
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,949
2,575
87.3
2,400
81.4
175
6.8
374
2,850
2,374
83.3
2,207
77.5
167
7.0
476
2,507
2,226
88.8
2,068
82.5
157
7.1
281
2,420
2,073
85.7
1,929
79.7
144
6.9
347
442
349
79.0
331
74.9
18
5.1
93
430
301
70.1
278
64.8
23
7.5
129
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,058
4,013
36.3
3,732
33.7
281
7.0
7,045
10,470
3,605
34.4
3,337
31.9
267
7.4
6,866
10,684
3,905
36.5
3,625
33.9
280
7.2
6,779
10,139
3,480
34.3
3,223
31.8
257
7.4
6,659
374
108
28.9
106
28.4
2
1.6
266
331
124
37.6
114
34.5
10
8.1
207
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,923
3,540
59.8
3,257
55.0
283
8.0
2,384
5,950
3,519
59.1
3,242
54.5
278
7.9
2,431
5,329
3,152
59.1
2,894
54.3
258
8.2
2,177
5,320
3,115
58.6
2,870
53.9
245
7.9
2,205
595
388
65.3
363
61.0
25
6.5
207
630
404
64.1
372
59.0
32
8.0
226
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
206,485
140,032
67.8
127,183
61.6
12,849
9.2
66,453
209,119
140,321
67.1
128,348
61.4
11,973
8.5
68,799
90,168
70,298
78.0
63,198
70.1
7,100
10.1
19,870
91,916
70,803
77.0
64,405
70.1
6,398
9.0
21,113
116,317
69,734
60.0
63,985
55.0
5,749
8.2
46,583
117,203
69,517
59.3
63,943
54.6
5,574
8.0
47,686
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.
Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August
2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time
periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and
another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age
May
2010
May
2011
Persons with no disability
May
2010
May
2011
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate............................................................... .
Not in labor force....................................................................... .
26,547
5,930
22.3
5,060
19.1
870
14.7
20,617
27,669
5,828
21.1
4,917
17.8
911
15.6
21,841
210,952
147,936
70.1
134,437
63.7
13,499
9.1
63,016
211,644
147,621
69.7
135,111
63.8
12,510
8.5
64,024
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate............................................................... .
Not in labor force....................................................................... .
2,729
37.5
2,282
31.3
448
16.4
4,555
2,682
35.3
2,218
29.2
464
17.3
4,911
75,601
83.1
68,019
74.7
7,582
10.0
15,399
75,258
82.5
68,474
75.1
6,784
9.0
15,948
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate............................................................... .
Not in labor force....................................................................... .
2,381
30.9
2,052
26.6
330
13.8
5,321
2,280
29.2
1,919
24.6
360
15.8
5,531
66,472
71.5
60,856
65.5
5,616
8.4
26,452
66,109
70.9
60,748
65.2
5,361
8.1
27,107
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed.......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate............................................................... .
Not in labor force....................................................................... .
820
7.1
727
6.3
93
11.3
10,741
867
7.1
780
6.4
87
10.0
11,399
5,862
21.7
5,561
20.6
301
5.1
21,166
6,254
23.0
5,889
21.6
365
5.8
20,969
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing
even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;
has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or
shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity
May
2010
Men
May
2011
May
2010
Women
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35,647
24,210
67.9
22,125
62.1
2,085
8.6
11,437
36,348
24,253
66.7
22,216
61.1
2,037
8.4
12,095
17,901
14,339
80.1
13,088
73.1
1,251
8.7
3,562
18,200
14,511
79.7
13,333
73.3
1,178
8.1
3,688
17,746
9,871
55.6
9,037
50.9
835
8.5
7,875
18,149
9,741
53.7
8,883
48.9
859
8.8
8,407
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201,852
129,656
64.2
117,372
58.1
12,284
9.5
72,196
202,965
129,196
63.7
117,812
58.0
11,384
8.8
73,769
97,100
67,689
69.7
60,688
62.5
7,001
10.3
29,410
97,957
67,445
68.9
61,108
62.4
6,337
9.4
30,512
104,753
61,967
59.2
56,684
54.1
5,282
8.5
42,786
105,008
61,751
58.8
56,704
54.0
5,047
8.2
43,257
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or
one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the
United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private households........................... .
Other industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
2,272
1,384
848
39
137,225
128,053
21,642
106,412
698
105,714
9,087
85
2,061
1,198
830
33
137,601
128,814
21,112
107,702
671
107,031
8,693
94
2,315
1,435
850
31
137,713
128,822
20,690
108,132
799
107,333
8,812
79
2,214
1,352
823
–
137,152
128,123
21,221
106,902
–
106,197
8,928
–
2,256
1,390
861
–
137,088
128,151
20,740
107,409
–
106,774
8,864
–
2,255
1,340
889
–
137,443
128,664
20,933
107,681
–
106,965
8,688
–
2,251
1,423
835
–
137,738
128,800
20,858
107,946
–
107,251
8,773
–
2,087
1,245
818
–
137,595
128,840
20,726
108,186
–
107,510
8,650
–
2,243
1,391
822
–
137,551
128,803
20,309
108,505
–
107,727
8,655
–
8,513
5,957
2,250
18,088
8,425
5,547
2,605
19,163
8,270
5,646
2,396
18,656
8,776
6,141
2,299
17,977
8,407
5,771
2,510
17,929
8,340
5,630
2,415
18,220
8,433
5,595
2,332
18,417
8,600
5,689
2,480
18,282
8,548
5,834
2,473
18,468
8,392
5,864
2,243
17,783
8,305
5,448
2,595
18,803
8,144
5,547
2,382
18,313
8,630
6,038
2,282
17,691
8,242
5,661
2,513
17,552
8,248
5,558
2,383
17,835
8,265
5,504
2,305
17,984
8,475
5,581
2,457
17,967
8,400
5,731
2,444
18,126
1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the
entire week.
3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,
inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,
retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during
the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
139,497
4,336
1,376
2,960
135,161
12,704
122,458
94,353
30,180
30,933
33,240
28,104
139,661
4,106
1,145
2,961
135,555
12,864
122,691
93,762
30,318
30,483
32,961
28,929
140,028
4,177
1,203
2,974
135,850
12,868
122,983
94,088
30,617
30,402
33,069
28,895
139,353
4,416
1,427
2,978
134,938
12,824
122,177
94,212
30,207
30,823
33,183
27,965
139,323
4,341
1,406
2,939
134,982
12,941
122,026
93,758
30,438
30,373
32,946
28,268
139,573
4,300
1,311
3,000
135,274
12,954
122,245
93,764
30,412
30,409
32,943
28,481
139,864
4,339
1,326
2,990
135,525
13,021
122,479
93,949
30,538
30,605
32,806
28,530
139,674
4,255
1,247
2,989
135,419
12,978
122,423
93,690
30,354
30,441
32,895
28,733
139,779
4,240
1,249
2,982
135,539
12,970
122,641
93,919
30,627
30,302
32,989
28,722
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
73,776
2,121
664
1,458
71,655
6,555
65,100
50,431
16,270
16,727
17,434
14,668
73,761
1,939
531
1,408
71,822
6,651
65,171
49,988
16,447
16,401
17,140
15,183
74,441
2,013
579
1,435
72,427
6,764
65,663
50,480
16,698
16,475
17,308
15,183
73,603
2,153
676
1,473
71,451
6,566
64,934
50,332
16,316
16,677
17,339
14,602
73,800
2,211
717
1,471
71,589
6,784
64,789
50,005
16,542
16,394
17,070
14,784
74,122
2,168
668
1,495
71,954
6,715
65,179
50,247
16,627
16,477
17,143
14,932
74,108
2,149
688
1,454
71,959
6,731
65,207
50,241
16,677
16,481
17,083
14,966
73,973
2,033
582
1,441
71,939
6,712
65,193
50,107
16,557
16,428
17,123
15,087
74,177
2,040
594
1,446
72,137
6,756
65,448
50,358
16,747
16,421
17,189
15,090
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65,721
2,214
712
1,502
63,506
6,148
57,358
43,922
13,909
14,206
15,807
13,436
65,900
2,167
614
1,554
63,733
6,213
57,520
43,774
13,871
14,082
15,821
13,746
65,587
2,164
625
1,540
63,423
6,104
57,320
43,608
13,920
13,927
15,761
13,712
65,750
2,263
750
1,505
63,487
6,258
57,243
43,880
13,891
14,146
15,844
13,362
65,523
2,130
689
1,468
63,392
6,157
57,237
43,752
13,897
13,979
15,877
13,485
65,451
2,132
644
1,506
63,319
6,239
57,065
43,517
13,785
13,931
15,800
13,549
65,756
2,190
638
1,537
63,566
6,290
57,272
43,708
13,862
14,124
15,723
13,564
65,702
2,222
665
1,548
63,479
6,266
57,230
43,584
13,798
14,014
15,772
13,646
65,602
2,200
654
1,537
63,402
6,214
57,193
43,561
13,880
13,881
15,800
13,631
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43,454
34,409
9,030
42,992
34,211
8,968
43,124
33,894
8,930
43,343
34,231
–
42,915
34,571
–
42,957
34,496
–
42,880
34,236
–
42,987
34,062
–
42,998
33,826
–
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112,809
26,688
111,844
27,817
112,618
27,410
112,642
26,759
112,356
26,901
112,660
26,878
112,775
27,087
112,484
27,088
112,342
27,418
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,261
5.2
6,887
4.9
7,084
5.1
7,226
5.2
6,840
4.9
6,764
4.8
6,746
4.8
6,775
4.9
6,939
5.0
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,135
9,935
5,030
9,523
5,232
9,661
–
9,750
–
9,724
–
9,577
–
9,608
–
9,468
–
9,477
1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated
population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over............................ .
14,884
1,586
606
986
13,298
2,190
11,127
8,971
3,518
2,701
2,753
2,138
13,747
1,413
570
855
12,334
2,279
10,109
8,117
3,197
2,407
2,513
1,994
13,914
1,352
520
838
12,562
2,236
10,327
8,239
3,140
2,514
2,585
2,082
9.6
26.4
29.8
24.9
9.0
14.6
8.3
8.7
10.4
8.1
7.7
7.1
9.0
25.7
27.8
24.6
8.4
15.2
7.6
7.9
9.3
7.4
7.1
6.7
8.9
23.9
28.8
21.5
8.3
15.4
7.6
7.9
9.4
7.4
7.0
6.4
8.8
24.5
29.0
22.5
8.2
15.0
7.4
7.8
9.1
7.2
7.1
6.5
9.0
24.9
31.4
22.2
8.3
14.9
7.6
8.0
9.5
7.3
7.1
6.5
9.1
24.2
29.4
21.9
8.5
14.7
7.8
8.1
9.3
7.7
7.3
6.8
Men, 16 years and over.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over............................ .
8,572
845
324
529
7,728
1,258
6,450
5,244
2,078
1,568
1,598
1,207
7,712
795
283
517
6,917
1,284
5,625
4,505
1,812
1,273
1,420
1,121
7,811
755
271
488
7,056
1,259
5,765
4,632
1,808
1,338
1,486
1,133
10.4
28.2
32.4
26.4
9.8
16.1
9.0
9.4
11.3
8.6
8.4
7.6
9.5
27.2
29.1
26.6
8.8
15.9
8.0
8.3
9.8
7.6
7.5
7.1
9.3
25.9
28.5
24.8
8.7
16.4
7.9
8.1
9.5
7.5
7.3
7.1
9.3
26.2
28.5
25.3
8.6
16.4
7.8
8.0
9.3
7.2
7.6
6.8
9.4
28.1
32.7
26.4
8.8
16.1
7.9
8.2
9.9
7.2
7.7
6.9
9.5
27.0
31.3
25.2
8.9
15.7
8.1
8.4
9.7
7.5
8.0
7.0
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years................................... .
18 to 19 years................................... .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years................................... .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over1 .......................... .
6,312
741
282
456
5,570
932
4,677
3,728
1,440
1,132
1,155
850
6,035
619
287
338
5,417
995
4,483
3,612
1,385
1,135
1,093
782
6,102
597
248
350
5,505
977
4,562
3,606
1,332
1,176
1,099
876
8.8
24.7
27.3
23.3
8.1
13.0
7.6
7.8
9.4
7.4
6.8
5.9
8.5
24.0
26.4
22.5
7.9
14.4
7.1
7.5
8.7
7.1
6.6
6.3
8.5
21.8
29.1
17.8
8.0
14.2
7.2
7.7
9.2
7.4
6.6
5.7
8.3
22.7
29.5
19.7
7.7
13.5
7.1
7.5
9.0
7.1
6.5
5.8
8.4
21.8
30.1
17.9
7.9
13.7
7.3
7.7
9.1
7.5
6.5
5.4
8.5
21.3
27.5
18.6
8.0
13.6
7.4
7.6
8.8
7.8
6.5
6.0
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,112
2,276
1,181
2,756
2,056
1,193
2,696
2,072
1,303
6.7
6.2
11.6
5.8
5.6
12.7
5.8
5.4
13.0
5.9
5.7
12.3
6.0
5.7
11.7
5.9
5.8
12.7
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13,039
1,898
11,938
1,840
12,073
1,833
10.4
6.6
9.7
6.2
9.5
6.5
9.4
6.3
9.6
6.4
9.7
6.3
1 Not seasonally adjusted.
2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time
jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of
the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
May
2010
Apr.
2011
Seasonally adjusted
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff........................... .
Permanent job losers........................... .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,812
1,192
7,620
6,360
1,261
922
3,455
1,180
7,958
1,186
6,772
5,449
1,323
911
3,217
1,151
7,885
1,004
6,881
5,566
1,315
869
3,477
1,190
9,194
1,448
7,746
6,408
1,339
966
3,430
1,192
8,519
1,249
7,270
5,879
1,391
910
3,357
1,351
8,334
1,270
7,064
5,671
1,393
898
3,352
1,337
8,209
1,197
7,013
5,625
1,388
896
3,262
1,360
8,144
1,251
6,894
5,480
1,414
942
3,375
1,346
8,274
1,214
7,060
5,653
1,407
908
3,433
1,231
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff........................... .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61.3
8.3
53.0
6.4
24.0
8.2
60.1
9.0
51.2
6.9
24.3
8.7
58.8
7.5
51.3
6.5
25.9
8.9
62.2
9.8
52.4
6.5
23.2
8.1
60.3
8.8
51.4
6.4
23.7
9.6
59.9
9.1
50.7
6.4
24.1
9.6
59.8
8.7
51.1
6.5
23.8
9.9
59.0
9.1
49.9
6.8
24.4
9.8
59.8
8.8
51.0
6.6
24.8
8.9
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers............................................ .
Reentrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New entrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.7
0.6
2.2
0.8
5.2
0.6
2.1
0.8
5.1
0.6
2.3
0.8
6.0
0.6
2.2
0.8
5.6
0.6
2.2
0.9
5.4
0.6
2.2
0.9
5.4
0.6
2.1
0.9
5.3
0.6
2.2
0.9
5.4
0.6
2.2
0.8
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 weeks and over................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,743
2,526
9,100
2,459
6,641
2,325
2,478
8,434
2,333
6,101
2,664
2,356
8,401
2,235
6,166
2,763
3,060
8,884
2,174
6,710
2,678
3,016
8,495
2,285
6,210
2,390
3,094
8,172
2,179
5,993
2,449
2,914
8,078
1,957
6,122
2,691
2,907
7,845
2,006
5,839
2,664
2,892
8,184
1,984
6,200
Average (mean) duration, in weeks1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35.1
24.2
41.4
24.3
41.2
23.8
34.3
22.8
36.9
21.8
37.1
21.2
39.0
21.7
38.3
20.7
39.7
22.0
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 weeks and over................................... .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19.1
17.6
63.3
17.1
46.2
17.6
18.7
63.7
17.6
46.1
19.8
17.6
62.6
16.7
45.9
18.8
20.8
60.4
14.8
45.6
18.9
21.3
59.9
16.1
43.8
17.5
22.7
59.8
16.0
43.9
18.2
21.7
60.1
14.6
45.5
20.0
21.6
58.4
14.9
43.4
19.4
21.0
59.6
14.4
45.1
1 Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see
www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service occupations................................................. .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations........................................................ .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............ .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations........................................................ .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations............. .
Unemployed
Unemployment
rates
May
2010
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
139,497
51,839
140,028
52,778
14,369
2,450
13,421
2,419
9.3
4.5
8.7
4.4
20,856
30,982
24,883
33,433
15,219
18,214
21,355
31,423
24,959
32,804
15,376
17,428
1,074
1,376
2,719
3,209
1,614
1,595
1,094
1,325
2,607
3,172
1,596
1,576
4.9
4.3
9.9
8.8
9.6
8.1
4.9
4.0
9.5
8.8
9.4
8.3
13,362
1,029
7,305
5,028
12,942
1,033
7,071
4,838
2,429
157
1,729
543
1,900
117
1,375
408
15.4
13.3
19.1
9.7
12.8
10.2
16.3
7.8
15,980
7,938
8,043
16,546
8,113
8,433
2,359
1,193
1,165
2,100
1,094
1,006
12.9
13.1
12.7
11.3
11.9
10.7
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2011 data, occupations reflect the
introduction of the 2010 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is
derived from the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2011 are not strictly comparable with
earlier years.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker
Total, 16 years and over1 ............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... .
Construction.......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........................................................................ .
Durable goods..................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ .
Professional and business services............................................... .
Education and health services..................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... .
Government workers................................................................... .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
May
2010
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
14,369
11,655
46
1,755
1,584
1,028
556
1,998
461
319
618
1,624
1,150
1,601
498
163
771
600
13,421
10,628
32
1,367
1,453
920
533
1,845
483
227
612
1,429
1,242
1,402
536
131
836
636
9.3
9.9
6.2
20.1
10.3
10.7
9.7
9.8
7.8
9.8
6.8
11.5
5.4
12.4
8.1
10.8
3.4
5.6
8.7
8.9
3.8
16.3
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.0
8.0
7.3
6.8
9.8
5.7
10.6
8.4
8.7
3.9
6.1
1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as
a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus
discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,
plus all other persons marginally attached to
the labor force, as a percent of the civilian
labor force plus all persons marginally attached
to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic reasons,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
persons marginally attached to the labor
force................................................. .
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Apr.
2011
May
2011
May
2010
Jan.
2011
Feb.
2011
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011
May
2011
5.9
5.5
5.5
5.8
5.5
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.3
5.7
5.2
5.1
6.0
5.6
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.4
9.3
8.7
8.7
9.6
9.0
8.9
8.8
9.0
9.1
10.0
9.2
9.2
10.3
9.6
9.5
9.4
9.5
9.5
10.6
10.1
10.0
10.9
10.7
10.5
10.3
10.4
10.3
16.1
15.5
15.4
16.5
16.1
15.9
15.7
15.9
15.8
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are
available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a
job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for
full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category
May
2010
Men
May
2011
May
2010
Women
May
2011
May
2010
May
2011
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force............................................ .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . ............................. .
Marginally attached to the labor force1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3 . . . .
83,633
6,381
2,223
1,083
1,140
85,864
6,821
2,206
822
1,384
32,973
3,078
1,177
644
533
34,200
3,337
1,158
469
689
50,661
3,303
1,046
438
608
51,664
3,484
1,047
353
695
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,261
5.2
3,826
1,903
309
1,177
7,084
5.1
3,731
1,883
295
1,130
3,559
4.8
2,134
591
216
592
3,491
4.7
1,987
670
185
629
3,702
5.6
1,692
1,312
94
584
3,593
5.5
1,744
1,214
111
501
1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,
but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling
or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation
problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
130,801
107,405
17,755
129,899
107,332
17,507
131,071
108,480
17,771
131,753
109,203
18,018
130,173
107,193
17,763
130,757
108,582
17,956
130,989
108,833
17,994
131,043
108,916
17,997
Change
from:
Apr.2011 May2011p
54
83
3
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
695
49.1
646.2
158.6
204.0
80.1
283.6
744
47.3
696.4
166.0
199.5
83.8
330.9
757
44.2
712.6
167.3
207.7
84.9
337.6
773
45.7
727.0
169.7
215.2
85.3
342.1
698
50.8
647.3
159.0
202.4
80.6
285.9
759
49.8
708.9
167.2
208.1
83.9
333.6
768
47.8
719.8
168.7
210.9
85.3
340.2
774
47.3
726.5
169.7
212.4
85.3
344.4
6
-0.5
6.7
1.0
1.5
0.0
4.2
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . .
5,564
1,238.6
576.6
662.0
842.2
3,483.1
1,487.7
1,995.4
5,184
1,168.4
536.0
632.4
756.5
3,258.7
1,358.6
1,900.1
5,385
1,185.7
543.8
641.9
825.4
3,373.4
1,415.4
1,958.0
5,576
1,212.1
556.9
655.2
877.8
3,486.3
1,484.7
2,001.6
5,529
1,243.3
578.6
664.7
820.3
3,465.6
1,475.9
1,989.7
5,522
1,224.2
565.1
659.1
839.3
3,458.0
1,457.3
2,000.7
5,527
1,220.0
563.1
656.9
851.6
3,455.8
1,455.3
2,000.5
5,529
1,214.7
557.2
657.5
854.7
3,460.0
1,469.4
1,990.6
2
-5.3
-5.9
0.6
3.1
4.2
14.1
-9.9
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,496
11,579
11,629
11,669
11,536
11,675
11,699
11,694
-5
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products1 . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . .
Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,048
346.0
377.0
359.1
1,269.8
986.4
1,093.8
159.9
116.9
7,187
333.6
358.4
375.2
1,331.1
1,027.0
1,118.3
169.9
117.4
7,224
336.9
370.1
379.0
1,335.5
1,032.0
1,120.9
170.0
119.2
7,250
338.6
375.7
382.9
1,344.3
1,037.6
1,120.9
169.6
118.2
7,065
346.2
374.4
361.0
1,279.7
992.0
1,096.9
159.9
117.3
7,232
342.7
372.1
376.4
1,339.0
1,030.8
1,119.6
169.5
118.3
7,250
340.2
371.4
380.9
1,344.7
1,036.1
1,123.1
170.0
119.6
7,258
338.0
372.5
384.0
1,351.2
1,041.6
1,122.7
169.4
118.8
8
-2.2
1.1
3.1
6.5
5.5
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
366.9
405.2
358.2
1,332.7
679.2
360.2
564.7
382.4
403.3
365.7
1,357.9
696.8
347.4
572.4
382.4
403.2
366.9
1,360.7
699.4
348.7
573.0
383.5
402.8
367.8
1,354.2
696.7
354.2
573.5
368.9
405.5
359.4
1,329.3
676.0
358.8
567.1
382.3
404.1
368.1
1,357.1
695.0
351.1
575.0
383.2
404.1
368.8
1,360.1
697.9
350.3
574.2
384.6
403.2
368.8
1,351.3
694.5
352.5
574.9
1.4
-0.9
0.0
-8.8
-3.4
2.2
0.7
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,448
1,430.9
181.9
120.0
119.7
157.2
27.3
396.7
489.8
115.0
785.2
624.7
4,392
1,419.9
173.7
121.0
115.8
154.9
29.3
395.0
472.1
109.0
773.9
627.0
4,405
1,424.7
176.2
121.8
115.5
156.6
29.2
396.4
470.1
111.7
775.2
628.0
4,419
1,429.3
181.3
122.7
116.2
157.5
28.8
395.1
468.2
113.2
776.3
630.3
4,471
1,451.4
182.9
119.5
120.0
157.4
27.3
397.7
490.3
114.1
785.9
624.5
4,443
1,449.7
179.8
121.4
116.4
156.2
29.2
397.5
473.5
112.7
776.1
630.6
4,449
1,456.0
180.6
121.9
116.2
157.1
29.0
397.9
472.4
112.9
777.3
628.1
4,436
1,449.0
181.9
122.0
115.9
157.4
28.7
395.4
468.1
112.3
776.5
628.9
-13
-7.0
1.3
0.1
-0.3
0.3
-0.3
-2.5
-4.3
-0.6
-0.8
0.8
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89,650
89,825
90,709
91,185
89,430
90,626
90,839
90,919
80
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24,524
24,505
24,678
24,822
24,584
24,791
24,869
24,872
3
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. .
5,447.8
2,711.4
1,934.2
802.2
5,492.0
2,750.3
1,931.9
809.8
5,515.6
2,756.3
1,945.7
813.6
5,538.1
2,769.8
1,953.1
815.2
5,444.6
2,714.8
1,928.0
801.8
5,522.6
2,764.0
1,945.7
812.9
5,527.9
2,766.7
1,946.5
814.7
5,531.2
2,771.5
1,945.1
814.6
3.3
4.8
-1.4
-0.1
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . .
14,359.9
1,630.4
1,001.7
430.0
14,259.5
1,643.7
1,023.8
428.5
14,389.5
1,665.1
1,032.6
428.4
14,474.1
1,675.4
1,039.8
428.0
14,421.0
1,624.4
1,001.6
436.7
14,472.2
1,659.9
1,030.1
435.1
14,536.2
1,667.3
1,035.3
435.1
14,527.7
1,670.0
1,040.4
435.1
-8.5
2.7
5.1
0.0
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Change
from:
Apr.2011 May2011p
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply stores.. .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
485.1
1,201.1
2,808.5
979.3
819.7
1,332.4
494.0
1,113.5
2,790.4
962.8
803.5
1,372.2
495.7
1,170.5
2,807.6
966.1
810.5
1,383.1
491.5
1,189.5
2,825.6
969.7
821.0
1,379.7
494.2
1,139.1
2,811.2
980.7
817.8
1,372.1
496.3
1,124.1
2,819.9
969.7
814.5
1,418.5
501.4
1,131.7
2,832.2
971.9
816.2
1,422.4
501.0
1,123.4
2,825.9
970.9
818.4
1,422.9
-0.4
-8.3
-6.3
-1.0
2.2
0.5
582.3
2,922.1
1,447.8
762.6
406.4
582.4
2,918.1
1,454.9
745.8
404.6
577.9
2,930.6
1,454.2
751.8
402.2
579.3
2,942.8
1,459.7
765.0
406.6
600.0
2,965.1
1,487.2
761.5
418.2
598.9
2,958.0
1,488.4
762.8
414.5
597.3
2,984.9
1,498.0
761.7
414.1
596.7
2,984.8
1,497.7
761.9
416.7
-0.6
-0.1
-0.3
0.2
2.6
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,162.7
463.6
212.3
62.8
1,234.9
4,204.3
472.2
220.8
62.4
1,244.5
4,223.6
471.8
222.1
62.7
1,256.6
4,256.7
473.4
222.4
64.4
1,268.1
4,165.3
463.4
212.2
62.8
1,241.2
4,246.2
472.6
221.5
64.6
1,270.7
4,253.2
470.8
221.8
64.2
1,274.0
4,261.2
473.1
222.2
64.5
1,274.1
8.0
2.3
0.4
0.3
0.1
440.8
41.7
29.5
538.8
513.8
624.5
455.4
42.9
21.8
547.4
514.2
622.7
461.1
43.2
23.6
553.2
508.0
621.3
465.5
43.1
30.5
554.6
511.6
623.1
424.5
41.9
27.7
541.4
520.4
629.8
444.8
43.2
28.0
552.3
521.6
626.9
448.5
43.2
26.8
555.7
520.9
627.3
449.8
43.2
28.3
556.1
521.8
628.1
1.3
0.0
1.5
0.4
0.9
0.8
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
553.5
548.7
549.6
552.9
553.4
550.1
551.6
552.2
0.6
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,718
759.1
2,679
754.5
2,681
755.4
2,684
752.8
2,715
761.9
2,683
756.1
2,682
756.8
2,681
755.6
-1
-1.2
384.4
291.8
897.9
366.2
295.5
872.8
367.9
294.1
866.9
372.4
293.7
864.4
375.7
293.6
901.0
367.5
296.1
872.4
364.5
295.8
871.0
364.8
295.5
867.6
0.3
-0.3
-3.4
244.3
140.3
240.7
149.2
242.6
153.6
242.8
157.4
242.3
140.5
240.1
150.7
239.8
153.9
240.5
156.6
0.7
2.7
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1 . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . .
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . .
7,625
5,682.7
20.7
7,572
5,663.5
21.1
7,580
5,656.9
21.0
7,601
5,657.1
21.2
7,640
5,694.4
20.7
7,611
5,668.5
21.1
7,609
5,665.5
21.0
7,612
5,667.1
21.2
3
1.6
0.2
2,535.3
1,725.7
1,301.7
2,534.6
1,742.0
1,314.9
2,533.3
1,746.3
1,318.4
2,527.0
1,747.7
1,318.0
2,542.3
1,731.2
1,305.2
2,536.8
1,746.3
1,317.6
2,535.9
1,749.0
1,320.4
2,533.2
1,750.9
1,321.5
-2.7
1.9
1.1
798.5
2,241.4
86.8
1,942.7
1,396.8
520.8
25.1
807.7
2,213.3
86.8
1,908.0
1,374.5
507.9
25.6
806.0
2,210.0
86.6
1,923.2
1,388.1
509.5
25.6
805.8
2,215.9
87.2
1,943.8
1,401.8
516.3
25.7
801.5
2,242.6
87.3
1,945.9
1,400.5
520.2
25.2
807.4
2,215.9
87.3
1,942.8
1,396.2
520.9
25.7
807.9
2,213.7
87.0
1,943.5
1,400.7
517.1
25.7
808.2
2,216.9
87.6
1,944.7
1,403.7
515.2
25.8
0.3
3.2
0.6
1.2
3.0
-1.9
0.1
16,618
7,325.8
1,109.5
824.6
1,273.1
16,869
7,614.3
1,108.0
1,019.7
1,272.9
17,111
7,651.2
1,106.7
1,012.0
1,286.7
17,152
7,545.2
1,106.6
871.7
1,295.9
16,640
7,407.0
1,113.1
884.8
1,277.0
17,066
7,549.6
1,112.1
904.3
1,291.3
17,116
7,575.9
1,111.4
908.5
1,295.6
17,160
7,616.2
1,110.4
926.3
1,298.6
44
40.3
-1.0
17.8
3.0
1,429.4
1,477.6
1,488.9
1,494.9
1,434.8
1,485.7
1,491.5
1,499.7
8.2
977.4
1,856.7
7,435.4
1,013.6
1,869.3
7,385.5
1,026.6
1,868.3
7,591.6
1,034.2
1,880.0
7,726.9
982.7
1,861.3
7,371.2
1,022.7
1,875.8
7,641.0
1,032.9
1,877.5
7,662.2
1,038.1
1,882.4
7,661.6
5.2
4.9
-0.6
Industry
Retail trade - Continued
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services1 . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Change
from:
Apr.2011 May2011p
Administrative and support services1 . . . . . . . .
Employment services1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,078.6
2,697.9
2,058.7
797.0
1,811.0
7,032.3
2,802.0
2,157.8
806.1
1,633.7
7,233.2
2,854.9
2,195.8
801.0
1,769.0
7,363.2
2,908.7
2,244.0
793.7
1,839.7
7,014.5
2,696.9
2,057.5
804.1
1,740.0
7,279.4
2,910.3
2,247.6
802.3
1,763.3
7,299.8
2,913.3
2,246.0
803.5
1,768.5
7,298.1
2,911.1
2,244.8
801.6
1,766.6
-1.7
-2.2
-1.2
-1.9
-1.9
356.8
353.2
358.4
363.7
356.7
361.6
362.4
363.5
1.1
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services1 . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities1 . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,569
3,182.8
16,386.6
13,737.5
5,953.9
2,307.2
597.0
1,076.6
4,665.8
3,117.8
1,656.4
2,649.1
875.4
19,999
3,350.7
16,648.4
13,964.6
6,075.7
2,339.3
614.5
1,111.1
4,720.5
3,168.4
1,676.4
2,683.8
878.9
20,086
3,377.6
16,708.2
14,010.3
6,106.0
2,345.4
617.9
1,118.5
4,729.9
3,174.4
1,677.2
2,697.9
883.0
20,016
3,268.4
16,747.7
14,030.6
6,116.5
2,348.2
620.7
1,116.1
4,733.3
3,180.8
1,678.7
2,717.1
887.4
19,508
3,138.2
16,369.7
13,754.1
5,954.8
2,311.6
597.5
1,074.2
4,678.5
3,120.8
1,657.7
2,615.6
852.6
19,865
3,203.1
16,662.1
13,992.7
6,088.5
2,343.4
615.6
1,112.8
4,728.6
3,175.6
1,680.3
2,669.4
860.5
19,919
3,215.7
16,703.1
14,029.4
6,108.4
2,350.3
617.8
1,115.8
4,740.1
3,180.9
1,680.7
2,673.7
861.5
19,953
3,222.3
16,730.3
14,046.8
6,118.5
2,352.5
621.1
1,115.4
4,744.2
3,184.1
1,680.3
2,683.5
863.6
34
6.6
27.2
17.4
10.1
2.2
3.3
-0.4
4.1
3.2
-0.4
9.8
2.1
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . .
13,228
1,981.1
432.8
132.6
1,415.7
11,246.5
1,753.2
9,493.3
12,788
1,748.5
390.5
121.5
1,236.5
11,039.3
1,719.8
9,319.5
13,133
1,865.1
416.4
129.8
1,318.9
11,268.0
1,745.9
9,522.1
13,444
1,973.1
418.7
135.0
1,419.4
11,471.2
1,780.1
9,691.1
12,995
1,899.8
411.1
127.0
1,361.7
11,095.3
1,758.3
9,337.0
13,171
1,904.7
415.6
129.7
1,359.4
11,266.3
1,783.4
9,482.9
13,203
1,904.5
409.9
131.0
1,363.6
11,298.4
1,787.4
9,511.0
13,197
1,890.8
397.6
129.3
1,363.9
11,305.7
1,781.1
9,524.6
-6
-13.7
-12.3
-1.7
0.3
7.3
-6.3
13.6
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . . .
5,368
1,147.8
1,279.4
2,941.1
5,413
1,149.7
1,272.0
2,990.9
5,440
1,155.5
1,283.2
3,000.9
5,466
1,161.9
1,296.5
3,007.1
5,348
1,139.0
1,264.4
2,944.2
5,439
1,152.2
1,278.5
3,008.7
5,441
1,150.2
1,279.0
3,012.2
5,444
1,151.9
1,280.7
3,011.5
3
1.7
1.7
-0.7
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . .
23,396
3,410.0
2,754.6
655.2
5,176.0
2,403.7
2,771.9
14,810.0
8,435.4
6,374.5
22,567
2,834.0
2,204.4
629.8
5,253.0
2,540.5
2,712.7
14,480.0
8,290.6
6,189.0
22,591
2,846.0
2,211.3
634.9
5,253.0
2,540.7
2,712.7
14,492.0
8,289.1
6,202.4
22,550
2,847.0
2,220.9
626.5
5,150.0
2,437.0
2,713.2
14,553.0
8,293.2
6,259.5
22,980
3,413.0
2,753.3
659.7
5,135.0
2,367.1
2,768.1
14,432.0
8,052.5
6,379.7
22,175
2,854.0
2,220.3
633.7
5,119.0
2,397.2
2,721.4
14,202.0
7,918.0
6,284.4
22,156
2,850.0
2,217.8
632.4
5,113.0
2,397.0
2,716.1
14,193.0
7,919.2
6,273.4
22,127
2,851.0
2,220.3
630.2
5,111.0
2,400.8
2,710.4
14,165.0
7,901.7
6,263.2
-29
1.0
2.5
-2.2
-2.0
3.8
-5.7
-28.0
-17.5
-10.2
Industry
Administrative and waste services - Continued
1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................. .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. .
Nondurable goods.............................................................. .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade...................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities........................................................................... .
Information......................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services..................................................................... .
34.2
39.8
44.1
37.8
40.5
40.8
40.1
33.1
34.3
38.1
31.4
38.5
41.6
36.6
37.0
35.4
32.8
25.7
31.8
34.3
39.9
44.2
37.9
40.5
40.9
39.8
33.2
34.5
38.5
31.4
38.8
41.9
36.5
36.9
35.6
32.7
25.9
31.7
34.4
39.9
43.8
38.2
40.4
40.8
39.8
33.3
34.6
38.6
31.6
38.8
42.0
36.6
37.1
35.7
32.8
26.0
31.8
34.4
40.1
44.4
38.5
40.6
40.9
40.0
33.3
34.6
38.7
31.5
38.9
42.4
36.7
36.9
35.7
32.9
26.0
31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing........................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods................................................................... .
3.1
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.3
Industry
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Total private................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade......................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Information............................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services........................................ .
$22.57
24.05
27.53
25.15
23.33
24.81
20.94
22.22
19.66
26.13
15.58
20.91
32.85
30.41
27.16
27.17
22.89
13.08
20.14
$22.89
24.29
28.10
25.37
23.55
25.05
21.03
22.56
19.86
26.10
15.68
21.43
33.41
31.78
27.63
27.54
23.38
13.19
20.37
$22.92
24.34
28.34
25.38
23.59
25.09
21.09
22.59
19.93
26.24
15.73
21.53
33.72
31.44
27.65
27.58
23.41
13.21
20.36
$22.98
24.40
28.35
25.37
23.68
25.20
21.13
22.64
19.96
26.23
15.72
21.60
33.91
31.47
27.62
27.66
23.50
13.24
20.42
p Preliminary
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
$ 771.89 $ 785.13 $ 788.45 $ 790.51
957.19
969.17
971.17
978.44
1,214.07 1,242.02 1,241.29 1,258.74
950.67
961.52
969.52
976.75
944.87
953.78
953.04
961.41
1,012.25 1,024.55 1,023.67 1,030.68
839.69
836.99
839.38
845.20
735.48
748.99
752.25
753.91
674.34
685.17
689.58
690.62
995.55 1,004.85 1,012.86 1,015.10
489.21
492.35
497.07
495.18
805.04
831.48
835.36
840.24
1,366.56 1,399.88 1,416.24 1,437.78
1,113.01 1,159.97 1,150.70 1,154.95
1,004.92 1,019.55 1,025.82 1,019.18
961.82
980.42
984.61
987.46
750.79
764.53
767.85
773.15
336.16
341.62
343.46
344.24
640.45
645.73
647.45
651.40
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Percent
change
from:
Apr.
2011 May
2011p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction................................. .
Manufacturing............................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.......................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services...... .
Education and health services. . . . ........ .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
91.9
80.5
96.7
72.0
84.1
81.2
89.5
95.1
91.6
90.5
92.0
91.8
99.6
90.8
93.1
92.6
104.1
95.3
94.2
93.3
81.6
105.4
72.1
85.1
83.3
88.3
96.6
93.0
92.8
92.3
94.3
99.7
89.4
92.5
95.6
105.7
97.3
95.5
93.8
81.8
105.7
72.8
85.0
83.3
88.4
97.2
93.5
93.1
93.3
94.4
100.2
89.6
93.0
96.1
106.3
97.9
95.9
93.9
82.2
108.0
73.4
85.4
83.6
88.6
97.2
93.5
93.4
92.9
94.9
101.3
89.9
92.6
96.4
106.8
97.9
96.2
0.1
0.5
2.2
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
-0.4
0.5
1.1
0.3
-0.4
0.3
0.5
0.0
0.3
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Percent
change
from:
Apr.
2011 May
2011p
98.9
87.5
106.9
78.7
91.2
89.4
95.1
102.3
97.0
98.7
94.7
97.4
108.1
98.3
98.8
102.0
111.7
100.6
107.7
101.9
89.6
118.9
79.5
93.2
92.6
94.2
105.6
99.4
101.0
95.7
102.5
110.1
101.2
99.8
106.6
115.8
103.6
110.4
102.5
90.0
120.3
80.2
93.3
92.8
94.6
106.3
100.3
102.0
97.0
103.2
111.6
100.4
100.4
107.4
116.6
104.4
110.8
102.9
90.7
122.9
80.9
94.1
93.5
95.0
106.7
100.5
102.2
96.6
104.0
113.5
100.7
99.8
108.0
117.6
104.6
111.5
0.4
0.8
2.2
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
-0.4
0.8
1.7
0.3
-0.6
0.6
0.9
0.2
0.6
1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)
Percent of all employees
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Total nonfarm.............. . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing..................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing...................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality............................ .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64,885
51,832
4,105
97
727
3,281
1,735
1,546
47,727
10,005
1,637.7
7,229.6
998.8
139.3
1,108
4,499
7,416
15,056
6,813
2,830
13,053
64,793
52,185
4,071
103
711
3,257
1,726
1,531
48,114
9,992
1,658.7
7,195.4
1,003.4
134.7
1,093
4,444
7,583
15,260
6,878
2,864
12,608
64,918
52,316
4,067
104
711
3,252
1,721
1,531
48,249
10,022
1,661.5
7,220.4
1,005.1
134.8
1,091
4,446
7,617
15,302
6,901
2,870
12,602
64,917
52,318
4,056
104
706
3,246
1,718
1,528
48,262
10,010
1,659.5
7,208.4
1,007.1
135.2
1,089
4,450
7,636
15,314
6,891
2,872
12,599
49.8
48.4
23.1
13.9
13.1
28.4
24.6
34.6
53.4
40.7
30.1
50.1
24.0
25.2
40.8
58.9
44.6
77.2
52.4
52.9
56.8
49.6
48.1
22.7
13.6
12.9
27.9
23.9
34.5
53.1
40.3
30.0
49.7
23.6
24.5
40.7
58.4
44.4
76.8
52.2
52.7
56.9
49.6
48.1
22.6
13.5
12.9
27.8
23.7
34.4
53.1
40.3
30.1
49.7
23.6
24.4
40.7
58.4
44.5
76.8
52.3
52.7
56.9
49.5
48.0
22.5
13.4
12.8
27.8
23.7
34.4
53.1
40.2
30.0
49.6
23.6
24.5
40.6
58.5
44.5
76.8
52.2
52.8
56.9
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing....... . . . . . . . . . . . ..................................................... .
Mining and logging.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........................................................................ .
Durable goods..................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. .
Wholesale trade................................................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing................................................ .
Utilities.............................................................................. .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ .
Professional and business services............................................... .
Education and health services..................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88,354
12,777
520
4,166
8,091
4,833
3,258
75,577
20,844
4,379.3
12,407.6
3,611.6
445.3
2,175
5,905
13,620
17,091
11,471
4,471
89,483
12,941
570
4,183
8,188
4,953
3,235
76,542
20,969
4,421.8
12,457.0
3,651.1
438.8
2,154
5,830
14,027
17,405
11,603
4,554
89,694
12,971
579
4,178
8,214
4,969
3,245
76,723
21,047
4,426.1
12,516.5
3,663.4
440.6
2,155
5,826
14,058
17,444
11,639
4,554
89,759
12,976
583
4,175
8,218
4,983
3,235
76,783
21,032
4,430.9
12,494.4
3,665.9
441.2
2,154
5,819
14,103
17,472
11,650
4,553
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................. .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................................. .
Nondurable goods.............................................................. .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade...................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities........................................................................... .
Information......................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services..................................................................... .
33.4
40.5
45.3
38.1
41.5
41.6
41.2
32.2
33.3
38.0
30.2
36.9
42.2
36.5
36.3
35.1
32.2
24.8
30.7
33.6
40.7
46.0
38.6
41.4
41.9
40.7
32.4
33.6
38.5
30.3
38.0
42.7
36.3
36.2
35.1
32.2
24.9
30.8
33.6
40.8
46.7
38.8
41.4
41.7
40.9
32.4
33.7
38.5
30.5
37.9
42.8
36.4
36.2
35.3
32.2
24.9
30.7
33.6
40.9
47.0
39.1
41.4
41.8
40.9
32.3
33.5
38.5
30.2
37.8
42.8
36.3
36.2
35.1
32.3
24.8
30.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing........................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods................................................................... .
4.0
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.0
Industry
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Total private................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade......................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................. .
Information............................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services........................................ .
$19.03
20.21
23.76
23.10
18.59
19.78
16.81
18.78
16.81
21.47
13.20
19.28
30.15
25.81
21.43
22.76
20.03
11.35
17.06
$19.32
20.59
24.33
23.49
18.91
20.12
17.01
19.05
17.07
21.84
13.41
19.31
30.74
26.51
21.71
23.00
20.46
11.40
17.14
$19.37
20.59
23.88
23.57
18.91
20.14
16.99
19.12
17.10
21.91
13.43
19.39
31.16
26.69
21.81
23.11
20.50
11.43
17.21
$19.43
20.63
24.20
23.58
18.93
20.16
17.00
19.18
17.15
22.00
13.40
19.51
31.10
26.74
21.76
23.19
20.58
11.49
17.24
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
$ 635.60 $ 649.15 $ 650.83 $ 652.85
818.51
838.01
840.07
843.77
1,076.33 1,119.18 1,115.20 1,137.40
880.11
906.71
914.52
921.98
771.49
782.87
782.87
783.70
822.85
843.03
839.84
842.69
692.57
692.31
694.89
695.30
604.72
617.22
619.49
619.51
559.77
573.55
576.27
574.53
815.86
840.84
843.54
847.00
398.64
406.32
409.62
404.68
711.43
733.78
734.88
737.48
1,272.33 1,312.60 1,333.65 1,331.08
942.07
962.31
971.52
970.66
777.91
785.90
789.52
787.71
798.88
807.30
815.78
813.97
644.97
658.81
660.10
664.73
281.48
283.86
284.61
284.95
523.74
527.91
528.35
529.27
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
p Preliminary
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Industry
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Percent
change
from:
Apr.
2011 May
2011p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction................................. .
Manufacturing............................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.......................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services...... .
Education and health services. . . . ........ .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
98.6
79.1
125.2
79.5
77.1
75.5
79.1
104.1
96.8
98.0
94.8
100.3
96.1
90.6
102.6
107.1
118.7
104.3
96.3
100.5
80.5
139.3
80.8
77.8
78.0
77.6
106.0
98.2
100.3
95.5
104.4
95.8
89.3
101.0
110.3
120.9
105.9
98.4
100.7
80.9
143.7
81.2
78.0
77.8
78.2
106.3
98.9
100.4
96.6
104.5
96.5
89.6
100.9
111.2
121.2
106.2
98.1
100.8
81.1
145.6
81.7
78.1
78.2
78.0
106.0
98.2
100.5
95.5
104.3
96.6
89.3
100.8
110.9
121.7
105.9
98.1
0.1
0.2
1.3
0.6
0.1
0.5
-0.3
-0.3
-0.7
0.1
-1.1
-0.2
0.1
-0.3
-0.1
-0.3
0.4
-0.3
0.0
May
2010
Mar.
2011
Apr.
2011p
May
2011p
Percent
change
from:
Apr.
2011 May
2011p
125.4
97.9
173.0
99.1
93.7
93.3
93.9
134.0
116.0
123.9
107.3
122.7
121.0
115.8
135.9
145.1
156.3
134.4
119.7
129.7
101.5
197.2
102.5
96.2
97.9
93.3
138.5
119.6
129.0
109.8
127.9
123.0
117.1
135.6
151.0
162.6
137.1
122.9
130.3
102.0
199.6
103.3
96.5
97.9
93.9
139.3
120.6
129.5
111.2
128.6
125.5
118.3
136.1
152.9
163.3
137.9
123.0
130.8
102.5
204.9
104.1
96.7
98.5
93.7
139.5
120.2
130.2
109.7
129.1
125.4
118.2
135.6
153.1
164.7
138.2
123.2
0.4
0.5
2.7
0.8
0.2
0.6
-0.2
0.1
-0.3
0.5
-1.3
0.4
-0.1
-0.1
-0.4
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.2
1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees
in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual
average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding
2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly
hours, and employment.
p Preliminary