Glossary
Intermediate School Level
Social Studies
Glossary
English / Arabic
Translation of Social Studies terms based
on the Coursework for Social Studies
Grades 6 to 8.
Word-for-word glossaries are used for testing
accommodations for ELL/LEP students
Last Updated: 08/18/09
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
Education - P-16
Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education
Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
Regents of the University
MERRYL H. TISCH, Chancellor, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. .......................................................................
MILTON L. COFIELD, Vice Chancellor, B.S., M.B.A., Ph.D. .........................................................
ROBERT M. BENNETT, Chancellor Emeritus, B.A., M.S. ...............................................................
SAUL B. COHEN, B.A., M.A., Ph.D................................................................................................
JAMES C. DAWSON, A.A., B.A., M.S., Ph.D. ................................................................................
ANTHONY S. BOTTAR, B.A., J.D. ...................................................................................................
GERALDINE D. CHAPEY, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. .................................................................................
HARRY PHILLIPS, 3rd, B.A., M.S.F.S. ...........................................................................................
JOSEPH E. BOWMAN, JR., B.A., M.L.S., M.A., M.Ed., Ed.D.........................................................
JAMES R. TALLON, JR., B.A., M.A. ...............................................................................................
ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D. ................................................................................................................
KAREN BROOKS HOPKINS, B.A., M.F.A........................................................................................
CHARLES R. BENDIT, B.A. .............................................................................................................
BETTY A. ROSA, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D.....................................................
LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D. .....................................................................................
CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ..........................................................................................
WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. .............................................................................................................
New York
Rochester
Tonawanda
New Rochelle
Plattsburgh
Syracuse
Belle Harbor
Hartsdale
Albany
Binghamton
Great Neck
Brooklyn
Manhattan
Bronx
Oakland Gardens
Staten Island
Rochester
Interim President of the University and Commissioner of Education
CAROLE F. HUXLEY
Senior Deputy Commissioner of Education, P–16
JOHANNA DUNCAN-POITIER
Associate Commissioner for Curriculum and Instructional Support
JEAN STEVENS
Coordinator, Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign language Studies
PEDRO J. RUIZ
Acknowledgements:
The New York State Education Department Glossaries for English Language Learners were reviewed and
updated during the 2008-2009 school year. We would like to thank in these efforts the New York State
Education Department Language BETACs (Spanish, Asian and Haitian Bilingual Education Technical
Assistance Centers), the NYS Office of Curriculum, Instruction and Instructional Technology; the New York
City Department of Education Office of English Language Learners, and the NYC Department of Education
Translation and Interpretation Unit.
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran
status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs,
services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including brailed, large print or
audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for
Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
ARABIC
A
abolition
abuses
acculturation
adaptation
advantages
agrarian
Albany Plan of Union
alien
alliance
alliances
Allied powers
amendment
American Federation of Labor
American Railway Union
American Revolution
American system (Clay)
ancestor
ancestor worship
animism
Annapolis Convention
anthropology
Anti-Federalists
appeasement
apportionment
architectural drawings
army
Articles of Confederation
artifacts
assassination
assassinations
Assembly
astronauts
atomic bomb
austerity
autonomy
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ إﻳﻘﺎف‬،‫ إﺑﻄﺎل‬،‫إﻟﻐﺎء‬
‫ إﺳﺎءات‬،‫ اﻣﺘﻬﺎﻧﺎت‬،‫ﺗﻌﺴّﻔﺎت‬
‫ ﺗﺒﺎدل ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻲ‬،‫اﻗﺘﺒﺎس ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ ﺗﻜﻴﻒ‬،‫ﺗﺄﻗﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ‬
‫زراﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺔ أﻟﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻼﺗﺤﺎد‬
‫أﺟﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻔﺎت‬
‫ﻗﻮات ﻣﺘﺤﺎﻟﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫اﻻﺗﺤﺎد اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻟﻌﻤﺎل ﺳﻜﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‬
(‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ )ﻧﻈﺎم آﻼي‬
‫ﺳﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎدة اﻷﺳﻼف‬
‫ﻣﺬهﺐ اﻟﺮوﺣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ أﻧﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬
‫ ﻣﻨﺎهﻀﻮن ﻟﻼﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻲ‬،‫ﻣﻨﺎوؤون ﻟﻼﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻬﺪﺋﺔ‬
‫ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬،‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ‬
‫رﺳﻮم هﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻴﺶ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮد اﻟﻜﻨﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ أو اﻻﺗﺤﺎد‬
‫ أﻋﻤﺎل ﻳﺪوﻳﺔ‬،‫أدوات‬
‫اﻏﺘﻴﺎل‬
‫اﻏﺘﻴﺎﻻت‬
‫ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ‬،‫ ﺗﺠﻤّﻊ‬،‫ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫رواد اﻟﻔﻀﺎء‬
‫ﻗﻨﺒﻠﺔ ذرﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﺗﺸﺪّد‬،‫ﺗﻘﺸﻒ‬
‫ اﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ‬،‫ﺣﻜﻢ ذاﺗﻲ‬
1
‫‪Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary‬‬
‫‪ARABIC‬‬
‫‪ENGLISH‬‬
‫‪Axis powers‬‬
‫‪Aztecs‬‬
‫ﻗﻮى اﻟﻤﺤﻮر‬
‫ﺷﻌﺐ اﻷزﺗﻴﻚ‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮة ارﺗﻔﺎع آﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ أو اﻟﺒﻨﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﺠﻮي ﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﺑﺮﻟﻴﻦ‬
‫ذو ﻣﺠﻠﺴﻴﻦ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫هﻴﺌﺔ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﻴﺔ ذات ﻣﺠﻠﺴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺮب اﻟﺒﺮق‪ ،‬هﺠﻮم ﺧﺎﻃﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﺒﻮﻟﺸﻔﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺪات‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ )ﺣﻮل آﻨﺪا(‬
‫اﻟﺒﻮذﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎرة‪ ،‬إدارة أﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫هﻴﺌﺔ أﻋﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ أﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫‪baby boom‬‬
‫‪banking‬‬
‫‪Berlin airlift‬‬
‫‪Berlin Wall‬‬
‫‪bicameral‬‬
‫‪bicameral legislature‬‬
‫‪blitzkrieg‬‬
‫‪Bolshevik Revolution‬‬
‫‪bonds‬‬
‫‪British North America Act‬‬
‫‪Buddhism‬‬
‫‪business‬‬
‫‪business organization‬‬
‫‪C‬‬
‫اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ آﺎﻣﺐ دﻳﻔﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺣﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫آﻨﺪا‬
‫ﻣﻴﺜﺎق اﻟﺤﻘﻮق اﻟﻜﻨﺪي‬
‫ﻗﻨﺎة‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺠﺰر اﻟﻜﺎرﻳﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺌﺎت‬
‫آﺎﺛﻮﻟﻴﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺎرﻳﺮ إﺣﺼﺎء اﻟﺴﻜﺎن‬
‫أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻮاﺑﻂ واﻟﻤﻮازﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺮب آﻴﻤﺎوﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎﻟﺔ اﻷﻃﻔﺎل‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻷﺣﺪاث‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﻴﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ زﻣﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺄرﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪول اﻷﺣﺪاث ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Camp David Accord‬‬
‫‪campaign‬‬
‫‪Canada‬‬
‫‪Canadian Bill of Rights‬‬
‫‪canal‬‬
‫‪Caribbean‬‬
‫‪categories‬‬
‫‪Catholics‬‬
‫‪census reports‬‬
‫‪Central America‬‬
‫‪characteristics‬‬
‫‪checks and balances‬‬
‫‪chemical warfare‬‬
‫‪child labor‬‬
‫‪Christianity‬‬
‫‪chronological order‬‬
‫‪chronology‬‬
‫‪civil service‬‬
‫)‪ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic‬‬
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
Civil War
clan
Cold War
collapse
commerce
common good
communism
communist nations
competition
compromise
Compromise of 1850
Confucianism
conscription
Conservation Day
Constitutional Amendments
Constitutional Convention
construction
consumer society
consumption
containment
continental congress
convention
cooperation
corollary
corporation
corruption
cotton
court cases
credit
Cuban missile crisis
cultural diffusion
cultural diversity
cultural identity
cultural patterns
cultural understanding
currency
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
ARABIC
‫ﺣﺮب أهﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﻴﺮة‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﺒﺎردة‬
‫اﻧﻬﻴﺎر‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﺼّﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫اﻟﺸﻴﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻠﺪان ﺷﻴﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺎﻓﺲ‬
‫ ﺗﻨﺎزل‬،‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
1850 ‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻨﻔﻮﺷﻴﻮﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﺗﺠﻨﻴﺪ‬،‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ إﺟﺒﺎرﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻮم اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻼت دﺳﺘﻮرﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ دﺳﺘﻮري‬
‫ ﺗﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬،‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﺳﺘﻬﻼآﻲ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬
‫اﺣﺘﻮاء‬
‫اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺠﺮس اﻟﻘﺎري‬
‫ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎون‬
‫ ﻻزﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬
‫ﺷﺮآﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺴﺎد‬
‫ﻗﻄﻦ‬
‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬
‫ اﺋﺘﻤﺎن‬،‫رﺻﻴﺪ‬
‫أزﻣﺔ ﺻﻮارﻳﺦ آﻮﺑﺎ‬
‫اﻧﺒﺜﺎث ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮع ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫هﻮﻳﺔ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫أﻧﻤﺎط ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻔﻬﻢ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﺔ‬
3
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
ARABIC
D
debate
Democratic Party
democratic society
depression
depressions
deregulation
direct election of Senators
direct versus indirect election
disabled
disadvantages
disarmament
discrimination
diseases
doctrine
domestic
domestic policy
draft riots
Dust Bowl
‫ ﺗﺤﺎور‬،‫ﻧﻘﺎش‬
‫اﻟﺤﺰب اﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻗﺮاﻃﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ دﻳﻤﻮﻗﺮاﻃﻲ‬
‫آﺴﺎد‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮات آﺴﺎد‬
‫إزاﻟﺔ ﻗﻴﻮد اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﺎ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻤﺜﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺸﻴﻮخ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ ﻋﺎﻃﻞ‬،‫ ﻣﺒﻄﻞ‬،‫ﻣﻌﺎق‬
‫ أﺿﺮار‬،‫ﻣﺴﺎوئ‬
‫ﻧﺰع اﻷﺳﻠﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬
‫أﻣﺮاض‬
‫ﻣﺬهﺐ‬
‫داﺧﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ داﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻈﺎهﺮات ﺿﺪ اﻟﺘﺠﻨﻴﺪ اﻹﺟﺒﺎري‬
‫ﻓﺘﺮة ﻋﻮاﺻﻒ رﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪة‬
E
Eastern Hemisphere
economic development
economies (traditional, command,
market, and mixed)
elastic clause
electoral
emancipation
Emancipation Proclamation
Embargo Act
emergence
empathy
enforce laws
English
English colonies (New England, Middle
Atlantic, Southern)
Enlightenment
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻟﻠﻜﺮة اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ‬
(‫ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻄﺔ‬،‫ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺴﻮق‬،‫ ﺗﺤﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬،‫أﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ )ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﺑﻨﺪ ﻣﺮن‬،‫ﻓﻘﺮة ﻣﺮﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬،‫اﻧﻌﺘﺎق‬
‫وﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺤﻈﺮ‬
‫ﻇﻬﻮر‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻒ‬
‫ﻓﺮض اﻟﻘﻮاﻧﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ‬
،‫ اﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ اﻷﻃﻠﺴﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬،‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﺮات ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ )إﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻧﻴﻮ اﻧﺠﻼﻧﺪ‬
(‫اﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻳﺮ‬
4
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
equal rights
equality
Era of Good Feelings
escapism
espionage
Espionage Act of 1917
establishment
ethnic
ethnic backgrounds
ethnic neighborhoods
ethnocentrism
European Union
expansionism
ARABIC
‫ﺣﻘﻮق ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎواة‬
‫ﻋﻬﺪ اﻹﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺿﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻬﺮّب ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺴّﺲ‬
1917 ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ ﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫ إﻧﺸﺎء‬،‫ﻣﺆﺳّﺴﺔ‬
‫ إﺛﻨﻲ‬،‫ﻋﺮﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻠﻔﻴﺎت ﻋﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫أﺣﻴﺎء أو ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺰﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺗﺤﺎد اﻷوروﺑﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺰﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﻴﺔ‬
F
fact/opinion
famine
Far West
farmer
fauna
federal
“federal” (“national”) government
Federal Reserve Act
federal system
federal union
Federalism
Federalist Papers
Federalists
Filipinos
financial institutions
First Continental Congress
flora
foreign
foreign aid
foreign markets
foreign policy
foreign trade
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ رأي‬/‫واﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺎﻋﺔ‬
(‫اﻟﻐﺮب اﻷﻗﺼﻰ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ )ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣُﺰارع‬
‫اﻷﺣﻴﺎء اﻟﺤﻴﻮاﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺪراﻟﻲ‬،‫اﺗﺤﺎدي‬
("‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ "ﻓﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ" )"وﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن إﻧﺸﺎء اﻟﺒﻨﻚ اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻲ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰي‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم ﻓﻴﺪﻳﺮاﻟﻲ‬
‫اﺗﺤﺎد ﻓﻴﺪراﻟﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺠﻌﻮن ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺪراﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻴﺒﻴﻨﻴﻮن‬
‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎت ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫أول آﻮﻧﺠﺮس ﻗﺎري‬
‫اﻷﺣﻴﺎء اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬
‫أﺟﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪة أﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫أﺳﻮاق أﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ أﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎرة أﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬
5
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
Fort Sumter
Fourteen Points
franchise
freedom trail
French and Indian War
French Revolution
French-Canadian
frontier
fugitive slave laws
ARABIC
(‫ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ﺳﻮﻣﺘﺮ )ﻣﻜﺎن اﻧﺪﻻع اﻟﺤﺮب اﻷهﻠﻴﺔ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻘﺎط اﻷرﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ اﻣﺘﻴﺎز‬، ‫ﺗﺮﺧﻴﺺ‬
‫ ﻣﻤﺮ اﻟﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬،‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب ﺑﻴﻦ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ وهﻨﻮد أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫آﻨﺪي‬-‫ﻓﺮﻧﺴﻲ‬
‫ ﺗﺨﻮم‬،‫ﺣﺪود‬
‫ﻗﻮاﻧﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﻬﺎرﺑﻴﻦ‬
G
gender
genocide
global economy
“Good Neighbor Policy”
graduated income tax
Grange
Great Britain
Great Compromise
Greece
grids
‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﺘﺬآﻴﺮ واﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‬
‫إﺑﺎدة ﻋﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﺠﻮار‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﺗﺪرّﺟﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪّﺧﻞ‬
‫ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺰارﻋﻴﻦ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻣﺰرﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎن‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎت‬
H
Harlem Renaissance
Haymarket Riot
heroes
heroines
Hinduism
historian
historical analysis
historical developments
holocaust
human dignity
human rights violations
‫ﻧﻬﻀﺔ هﺎرﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻈﺎهﺮات ﺳﺎﺣﺔ هﺎﻳﻤﺎرآﺖ‬
‫أﺑﻄﺎل‬
‫ﺑﻄﻼت‬
‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪوﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺆرخ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻄﻮرات ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻴﺔ‬
‫ اﻹﺑﺎدة اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬،(‫اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻗﺔ )ﺿﺪ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‬
‫آﺮاﻣﺔ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬
‫ﺧﺮق ﺣﻘﻮق اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬
I
identity
illustrate
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫هﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﺻﻮّر‬،‫وﺿّﺢ‬
6
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
impact
impacts
impeachment
imperialism
imperialist
incarceration
Incas
income
income tax
India
indigenous development
industrial
industrial power
Industrial Revolution
Industrial Workers of the World
inflation
initiative
institution
integrity
interactions
international
internment
interrelationships
interstate
interstate commerce
interstate highway system
intervention
intolerance
investments
involvement
Irish
Islam
isolation
isolationism
Italy
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
ARABIC
‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫ ﺁﺛﺎر‬،‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮات‬
‫اﺗﻬﺎم ﻣﺴﺆول ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻲ أﻣﺎم اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺠﺮس‬
‫ أﻣﺒﺮﻳﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬،‫اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎر‬
‫ أﻣﺒﺮﻳﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎري‬
‫ ﺣﺒﺲ‬،‫ﺳﺠﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻌﻮب اﻹﻧﻜﺎ‬
‫دﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻬﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻄﻮر اﻟﺴﻜﺎن اﻷﺻﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻮة ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺛﻮرة ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻐﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻀﺨﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎدرة‬
‫ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ‬،‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬
‫ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻧﺰاهﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻼت‬
‫ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬،‫دوﻟﻲ‬
‫ ﺣﺒﺲ‬،‫اﻋﺘﻘﺎل‬
‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎت ﻣﺘﺒﺎدﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻄﺮق اﻟﺴﻴﺎرة ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺴﺎﻣﺢ‬،‫ﺗﻌﺼّﺐ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرات‬
‫ﺗﻮرط‬
‫إرﻟﻨﺪي‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼم‬
‫ﻋﺰل‬
‫اﻧﻌﺰاﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫إﻳﻄﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬
7
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
ARABIC
J
Japanese
Japanese-Americans
Jews
Judaism
judicial review
justice
‫ﻳﺎﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫أﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﻮن‬-‫ﻳﺎﺑﺎﻧﻴﻮن‬
‫ﻳﻬﻮد‬
‫اﻟﺪﻳﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻴﻬﻮدﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻗﻀﺎء‬،‫ﻋﺪاﻟﺔ‬
K
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Kellogg-Briand Pact
kinship
Knights of Labor
Korean War
‫ ﻧﺒﺮاﺳﻜﺎ‬- ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن آﺎﻧﺴﺎس‬
‫ ﺑﺮاﻳﺎﻧﺪ‬- ‫ﻣﻴﺜﺎق آﻴﻠﻮج‬
‫ﻗﺮاﺑﺔ‬
"‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﻤّﺎﻟﻴﺔ "ﻓﺮﺳﺎن اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﻜﻮرﻳﺔ‬
L
labor markets
labor union
land bridge
Land Ordinance of 1785
Latin America
latitude
League of Nations
legislation
legislature
leisure activities
life expectancy
limited government
Lincoln-Douglas debate
literature
longitude
Louisiana Purchase
loyalists
‫أﺳﻮاق اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﺎل‬
‫ﺑﺮزخ‬
1785 ‫ﻣﺮﺳﻮم اﻷرض ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﻋﺼﺒﺔ اﻷﻣﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬
‫ اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﻲ‬،‫اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ‬
‫أﻧﺸﻄﺔ وﻗﺖ اﻟﻔﺮاغ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﺪودة‬
‫دوﺟﻼس‬-‫ﻣﺤﺎورات ﻟﻨﻜﻮﻟﻦ‬
‫أدب‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‬
‫ﺷﺮاء ﻟﻮﻳﺰﻳﺎﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻟﻮن‬
M
majority rule
Manhattan Project
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻷﻏﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺮوع ﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﺗﻦ‬
8
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
Manifest Destiny
manufactured goods
manufacturing
Marshall Plan
Mayas
Mayflower Compact
Memorial Day
mercantilism
Mexican War
Mexicans
Middle Ages
middle class
Midwest
military
minorities
minority
Missouri Compromise
mobile society
mobilization
Monroe Doctrine
monuments
Muckrakers
ARABIC
‫َﻗﺪَر واﺿﺢ‬
‫ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻣُﺼﻨّﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺔ ﻣﺎرﺷﺎل‬
‫ﺷﻌﺐ اﻟﻤﺎﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺜﺎق ﺳﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﺎﻳﻔﻼور‬
‫ﻳﻮم اﻟﺸﻬﺪاء‬
‫اﻟﻤﺬهﺐ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬
‫ﺣﺮب اﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺴﻴﻜﻴﻮن‬
‫ﻋﺼﻮر وﺳﻄﻰ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻘﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬
‫إﻗﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﻐﺮب اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﻋﺴﻜﺮي‬
‫أﻗﻠﻴﺎت‬
‫أﻗﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻴﺴﻮري‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬
‫ اﺳﺘﻨﻔﺎر‬،‫ ﺗﻌﺒﺌﺔ‬،‫ﺗﺠﻨﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺬهﺐ ﻣﻮﻧﺮو‬
‫ ﻣﺒﺎن ﺗﺬآﺎرﻳﺔ‬،‫ﺁﺛﺎر‬
‫آﺘﺎب أو ﺻﺤﻔﻴﻮن أو ﻣﺨﺮﺟﻮن ﻳﻔﻀﺤﻮن اﻟﻔﺴﺎد‬
N
NAACP
NAFTA
narratives
national
national origins
nationalism
Native American Indians
NATO
natural boundaries
natural resources
naturalization
navigation
navy
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﺸﻌﻮب اﻟﻤﻠﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﻠﺪان أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺎدل اﻟﺤﺮ‬
‫ ﺳﺮد‬،‫رواﻳﺎت‬
‫وﻃﻨﻲ‬
‫أﺻﻮل وﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫وﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫هﻨﻮد أﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻒ ﺷﻤﺎل اﻷﻃﻠﺴﻲ‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻮارد ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻊ‬،‫ﺗﺠﻨﺲ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‬
9
‫‪Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary‬‬
‫‪ARABIC‬‬
‫أﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺎ اﻟﻨﺎزﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻤﻼت اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻗﺔ )اﻟﻬﻮﻟﻮآﻮﺳﺖ( اﻟﻨﺎزﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺜﻮرة اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺠﺮي‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻳﺪة‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺎد‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻗﺮهﺎ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ روزﻓﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻜﺴﺎد‬
‫ﺟﺮاﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﻒ‬
‫ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ )" ﺳﻮق ﺣﺮة"(‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺳﻮم اﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻮوي‬
‫أﺳﺮ ﻧﻮوﻳﺔ‬
‫أﺳﺮة ﻧﻮوﻳﺔ‬
‫إﺑﻄﺎل‬
‫‪ENGLISH‬‬
‫‪Nazi Germany‬‬
‫‪Nazi Holocaust‬‬
‫‪Neolithic Revolution‬‬
‫‪neutrality‬‬
‫‪New Deal‬‬
‫‪newspapers‬‬
‫)”‪noninterference (“laissez-faire‬‬
‫”‪“normalcy‬‬
‫‪Northwest Ordinance‬‬
‫‪nuclear‬‬
‫‪nuclear families‬‬
‫‪nuclear family‬‬
‫‪nullification‬‬
‫‪O‬‬
‫‪oil‬‬
‫‪Open Door Policy‬‬
‫‪opportunity costs‬‬
‫‪oppression‬‬
‫‪oral histories‬‬
‫‪ordinance‬‬
‫‪Oregon Territory‬‬
‫‪overpopulation‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﻂ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮح‬
‫ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ اﻟﺒﺪﻳﻠﺔ‬
‫اﺿﻄﻬﺎد‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺴّﻒ‬
‫رواﻳﺎت ﺷﻔﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺳﻮم‪ ،‬ﻗﺮار رﺳﻤﻲ‬
‫أراﺿﻲ أورﻳﻐﻮن‬
‫ﻓﺎﺋﺾ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪P‬‬
‫ﻗﻨﺎة ﺑﺎﻧﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻟﻤﺎن‪ ،‬ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﻨﻮاب‬
‫وﻃﻨﻴﻮن‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻷرض ﻓﻲ ﻋﻬﺪ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻬﻮﻟﻨﺪي ﺑﻨﻴﻮﻳﻮرك وﻧﻴﻮﺟﺮزي‬
‫ﺳﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺳﻼم‬
‫ﺣﻔﻆ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫إدراك‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻮّرات‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﺿﻄﻬﺎد‪ ،‬ﻇﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺣﺮب اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬
‫وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬
‫رواد‪ ،‬ﻃﻼﺋﻌﻴﻮن‬
‫‪10‬‬
‫‪Panama Canal‬‬
‫‪Parliament‬‬
‫‪patriots‬‬
‫‪patroonship system‬‬
‫‪peace‬‬
‫‪peacekeeping‬‬
‫‪perceptions‬‬
‫‪periodizations‬‬
‫‪persecution‬‬
‫‪Persian Gulf War‬‬
‫‪perspective‬‬
‫‪pioneers‬‬
‫)‪ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic‬‬
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
plantation
plantation system
pledge of allegiance
policy
political boundaries
political parties
political power
politics
popular vote
population
Populist movement
postwar
Poughkeepsie Convention
poverty
preamble
precedent
Preindustrial Age
President’s cabinet
primary elections
primary sources
principles
privileges
proclamation
productivity
profit
progressive
Progressive leaders
prohibition
propaganda
prosperity
protests
psychology
Puritans
pursuit of happiness
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
ARABIC
‫ﻣﺰرﻋﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺰارع‬
‫ ﺗﻌﻬّﺪ ﺑﺎﻹﺧﻼص‬،‫ﻗﺴَﻢ اﻟﻮﻻء‬
‫ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬،‫ﺧﻄﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺪود ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫أﺣﺰاب ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻮة ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬،‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻗﺘﺮاع ﺷﻌﺒﻲ‬
‫ اﻷهﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫اﻟﺴﻜّﺎن‬
‫ﺣﺮآﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﺮب‬
‫اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﻮﻏﻜﻴﺒﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺮ‬
‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت أوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻮارد أوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎدئ‬
‫اﻣﺘﻴﺎزات‬
‫ ﺑﻼغ‬،‫إﻋﻼن‬
‫ ﻣﺮدودﻳﺔ‬،‫إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬
‫رﺑﺢ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪّﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎدة ﺗﻘﺪّﻣﻴّﻮن‬
‫ ﺣﻈﺮ‬،‫ﻣﻨﻊ‬
‫دﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ازدهﺎر‬
‫ اﻋﺘﺮاض‬،‫اﺣﺘﺠﺎﺟﺎت‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬
‫ ﻣﺘﺰﻣّﺘﻮن‬،‫ﻣﺘﺸﺪدون‬
‫اﻟﺴﻌﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺴﻌﺎدة‬
11
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
ARABIC
Q
Quakers
Quebec Act
Quota Act
‫أﻓﺮاد ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ آﻮﻳﻜﺮز اﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن آﻴﺒﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﺤﺼﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬
R
racial
racial discrimination
racism
railroads
ratification
rationing
recall
recall election
reconstruction
reductions
referendum
reform
reform movement
regulation
reliability
relief
Renaissance
reparation
reparations
representation
repression
“Republican” government
Republican Party
resignation
restrict
rights of the minority
river civilizations (Mesopotamia, Egypt,
China, Indus Valley)
Rome
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ ﻋﻨﺼﺮي‬،‫ﻋﺮﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﻋﺮﻗﻲ أو ﻋﻨﺼﺮي‬
‫ ﻋﺮﻗﻴﺔ‬،‫ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﻋﻨﺼﺮي‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﺴﻜﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﻣﺼﺎدﻗﺔ‬،‫إﻗﺮار‬
‫ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺣﺼﺺ‬،‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﺬآّﺮ‬،‫ اﺳﺘﺮداد‬،‫ﺳﺤﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺤﺐ اﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬
‫إﻋﺎدة ﺑﻨﺎء‬
‫ اﺧﺘﺰال‬،‫ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻀﺎت‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺘﺎء‬
‫ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬،‫إﺻﻼح‬
‫ﺣﺮآﺔ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻠﻴﺔ أو إﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﺿﺒﻂ‬،‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺪاﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﺧﻠَﻒ‬،‫ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻟﺤﺪة اﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ‬،‫ اﻧﻔﺮاج‬،‫ﻧﺠﺪة‬
‫ﻧﻬﻀﺔ‬
‫إﺻﻼح‬
‫ ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻤﺎت‬،‫ﺗﻌﻮﻳﻀﺎت‬
‫ إﻧﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬
‫ ﺳﺤﻖ‬،‫ﻗﻤﻊ‬
"‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺔ "اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺰب ﺟﻤﻬﻮري‬
‫اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ ﺣﺪّد‬،‫ﺣﺼَﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮق اﻷﻗﻠﻴﺔ‬
(‫ ﻧﻬﺮ اﻟﻬﻨﺪوس‬،‫ اﻟﺼﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﻣﺼﺮ‬،‫ﺣﻀﺎرات اﻷﻧﻬﺎر) ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺮاﻓﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫روﻣﺎ‬
12
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
Roosevelt Corollary
Roosevelt’s Executive Order 8802
Roosevelt’s Treaty of Portsmouth
ARABIC
‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ أدﺧﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ روزﻓﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﻮﻧﺮو‬
8802 ‫اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬي ﻟﻠﺮﺋﻴﺲ روزﻓﻠﺖ رﻗﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎهﺪة روزﻓﻠﺖ ﺑﻤﻴﻨﺎء ﺑﻮرﺗﺴﻤﻮث‬
S
scandals
scholars
scientific
sculpture
secession
Second Continental Congress
secondary sources
sectional
sedition
Sedition Act of 1918
segregation
self-government
Senate
separation of powers
separatism
settlement houses
sharecropping
Shay’s Rebellion
shelter
Sherman Antitrust Act
significance
skilled workers
social commentary
social sciences (anthropology,
economics, geography, history, political
science, psychology, and sociology)
social scientific method
social security
socialism
Socialist Party
sociology
soup kitchens
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﺢ‬
‫ دارﺳﻮن‬،‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎء‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺤﺖ‬
‫ اﻧﺸﻘﺎق‬،‫اﻧﻔﺼﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻜﻮﻧﺠﺮس اﻟﻘﺎري اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎدر ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ إﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ‬،‫ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎن‬
1918 ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﺼﻴﺎن ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺸﻴﻮخ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎت‬
‫ﻧﺰﻋﺔ اﻧﻔﺼﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎزل اﺳﺘﻴﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫زراﻋﺔ أرض ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻮل‬
"‫ﺗﻤﺮّد "ﺷﻲ‬
‫ ﻣﺄوى‬،‫ﻣﻠﺠﺄ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺷﺮﻣﺎن ﻟﺤﻈﺮ اﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎر‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎل ذوو ﻣﻬﺎرات‬
‫اﻟﻨﻘﺪ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
،‫ اﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‬،‫ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎ‬،‫ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ) ﻋﻠﻢ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬
(‫ وﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع‬،‫ ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﻀﻤﺎن اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺷﺘﺮاآﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺰب اﺷﺘﺮاآﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﻄﻌﺎم ﻣﺠﺎﻧًﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮاء‬
13
‫‪Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary‬‬
‫‪ARABIC‬‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮب ﻏﺮﺑﻲ‬
‫اﻻﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﺴﻮﻓﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫داﺋﺮة اﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪات روﺣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﻨﺢ اﻟﻤﺰاﻳﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺧﺒﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻓﺮض اﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﻌﻴﺸﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮق اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮق اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺮّاهﻦ‬
‫أﻧﻈﻤﺔ داﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺳﻮق اﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫اﻧﻬﻴﺎر ﺳﻮق اﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫إﻓﺮﻗﻴﺎ اﻟﺴﻮداء‬
‫اﻗﺘﺮاع‬
‫ﻗﺮار اﻟﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬
‫‪ENGLISH‬‬
‫‪Southwest‬‬
‫‪Soviet Union‬‬
‫‪Spanish-American War‬‬
‫‪spatial organization‬‬
‫‪sphere of influence‬‬
‫‪spiritual beliefs‬‬
‫”‪“spoils system‬‬
‫‪Stamp Act‬‬
‫‪standard of living‬‬
‫‪state's rights‬‬
‫‪states’ rights‬‬
‫‪status quo‬‬
‫‪statutes‬‬
‫‪steel‬‬
‫‪stock market‬‬
‫‪stock market crash‬‬
‫‪strategy‬‬
‫‪Sub-Saharan Africa‬‬
‫‪suffrage‬‬
‫‪Supreme Court decision‬‬
‫‪T‬‬
‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻴﻮﻳﻮرك ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ اﻹرﻟﻨﺪﻳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﺟﻤﺮآﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎت ﺟﻤﺮآﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻋﺘﺪال‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻷراﺿﻲ‬
‫أرض‪ ،‬إﻗﻠﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗُﻄﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎت اﻟﺠﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ واﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺣﻮل آﻴﻔﻴﺔ إﺣﺼﺎء اﻟﻌﺒﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺪاول زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻤﻮﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت ﺷﻤﻮﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺒﺪادﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺧﻄﺔ ﺗﺎوﻧﺴﺎﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎرة‪ ،‬ﺣﺮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﺎدل‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎهﺪات ) اﻟﻤﻮاﻃﻦ ﺟﻨﻴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎي‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻜﻨﻲ(‬
‫‪14‬‬
‫‪Tammany Hall‬‬
‫‪tariff‬‬
‫‪tariffs‬‬
‫‪tax‬‬
‫‪temperance‬‬
‫‪territorial expansion‬‬
‫‪territory‬‬
‫‪three-fifths compromise‬‬
‫‪timeframes‬‬
‫‪totalitarian‬‬
‫‪totalitarian societies‬‬
‫‪Townsend Plan‬‬
‫‪trade‬‬
‫‪treaties (Citizen Genet, Jay, and‬‬
‫)‪Pinckney‬‬
‫)‪ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic‬‬
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
treaty
trends
triangular trade
tribe
Truman Doctrine
trust
trusts
Tweed Ring
ARABIC
‫ﻣﻌﺎهﺪة‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎهﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎرة ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺬهﺐ ﺗﺮوﻣﺎن‬
‫ اﺗﺤﺎد اﺣﺘﻜﺎري‬،‫ ﺛﻘﺔ‬،‫ اﺋﺘﻤﺎن‬،‫ودﻳﻌﺔ‬
‫ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﺎت اﺣﺘﻜﺎرﻳﺔ‬،‫ اﺋﺘﻤﺎﻧﺎت‬،‫وداﺋﻊ‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﻮﻳﺪ‬
U
underground railroad
unemployment
Union
unionize
United Nations
‫ اﻟﻤﺘﺮو‬،‫ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﺴﻜﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻷﻧﻔﺎق‬
‫ﺑﻄﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ ﻧﻘﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫اﺗﺤﺎد‬
‫وﺣّﺪ‬
‫هﻴﺌﺔ اﻷﻣﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‬
United Nations Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
‫إﻋﻼن اﻷﻣﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ﻟﺤﻘﻮق اﻹﻧﺴﺎن‬
V
Versailles Treaty
Veterans Day
veto
Vietnam War
village
‫ﻣﻌﺎهﺪة ﻓﺮﺳﺎي‬
‫ﻳﻮم ﻗﺪاﻣﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺎرﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺾ‬
‫ﺣﺮب اﻟﻔﻴﻴﺘﻨﺎم‬
‫ﻗﺮﻳﺔ‬
W
wage
wages
Wagner Act
war bonds
War of 1812
Warsaw Pact
waterway
Western Hemisphere
westward expansion
westward migration
Whiskey Rebellion
white collar
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫أﺟﺮة‬
‫أﺟﻮر‬
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻓﺎﺟﻨﺮ‬
‫أﺳﻬﻢ اﻟﺤﺮب‬
1812 ‫ﺣﺮب‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎهﺪة وارﺳﻮ‬
‫ﻣﻤﺮ ﻣﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﻐﺮﺑﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮة اﻷرﺿﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻊ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻐﺮب‬
‫هﺠﺮة ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻐﺮب‬
(‫ﺗﻤﺮّد اﻟﻮﻳﺴﻜﻲ )اﺣﺘﺠﺎج ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮض ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻤﻮر‬
(‫ذوو اﻟﻤﻬﻦ اﻹدارﻳﺔ )اﻟﻴﺎﻗﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء‬
15
Intermediate-Level Social Studies Glossary
ENGLISH
white-collar employees
women’s rights
women’s suffrage
workforce
working conditions
Works Progress Administration
World Court
world power
World War I
World War II
worldviews
ARABIC
‫ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻮن إدارﻳﻮن‬
‫ﺣﻘﻮق اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬
‫ﺣﻖ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻻﻗﺘﺮاع‬
‫ﻗﻮة ﻋﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻇﺮوف اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
‫وآﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﻔﺬت اﻟﺨﻄﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻗﺮهﺎ روزﻓﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻜﺴﺎد‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻜﻤﺔ اﻟﺪوﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻮة ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫رؤﻳﺔ آﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬
Y
Yalta Conference
“yellow journalism”
ALBETAC 2007-2008, T*I-8497 (Arabic)
‫ﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﻳﺎﻟﻄﺎ‬
‫"اﻟﺼﺤﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺼﻔﺮاء" هﻮ اﺳﻢ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺤﺎﻓﺔ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﺤﻴﺔ‬
16