Glossary
Intermediate School Level
Mathematics
Glossary
English / Burmese
Translation of Mathematics Terms
Based on the Coursework for
Mathematics Grades 6 to 8.
Word-for-word glossaries are used for
testing accommodations for ELL/LEP
students
Last Updated: 08/10/09
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
Education - P-16
Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education
Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
Regents of the University
MERRYL H. TISCH, Chancellor, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. .......................................................................
MILTON L. COFIELD, Vice Chancellor, B.S., M.B.A., Ph.D. .........................................................
ROBERT M. BENNETT, Chancellor Emeritus, B.A., M.S. ...............................................................
SAUL B. COHEN, B.A., M.A., Ph.D................................................................................................
JAMES C. DAWSON, A.A., B.A., M.S., Ph.D. ................................................................................
ANTHONY S. BOTTAR, B.A., J.D. ...................................................................................................
GERALDINE D. CHAPEY, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. .................................................................................
HARRY PHILLIPS, 3rd, B.A., M.S.F.S. ...........................................................................................
JOSEPH E. BOWMAN, JR., B.A., M.L.S., M.A., M.Ed., Ed.D.........................................................
JAMES R. TALLON, JR., B.A., M.A. ...............................................................................................
ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D. ................................................................................................................
KAREN BROOKS HOPKINS, B.A., M.F.A........................................................................................
CHARLES R. BENDIT, B.A. .............................................................................................................
BETTY A. ROSA, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D.....................................................
LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D. .....................................................................................
CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ..........................................................................................
WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. .............................................................................................................
New York
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Interim President of the University and Commissioner of Education
CAROLE F. HUXLEY
Senior Deputy Commissioner of Education, P–16
JOHANNA DUNCAN-POITIER
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JEAN STEVENS
Coordinator, Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign language Studies
PEDRO J. RUIZ
Acknowledgements:
The New York State Education Department Glossaries for English Language Learners were reviewed and
updated during the 2008-2009 school year. We would like to thank in these efforts the New York State
Education Department Language BETACs (Spanish, Asian and Haitian Bilingual Education Technical
Assistance Centers), the NYS Office of Curriculum, Instruction and Instructional Technology; the New York
City Department of Education Office of English Language Learners, and the NYC Department of Education
Translation and Interpretation Unit.
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status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs,
services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including brailed, large print or
audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department’s Office for
Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
A
absolute value
yuwdwefbdk;
accurately label work
wdusaocsmpGm eHygwfxdk;xm;aom tvkyf
adapt
vdkufav#mnDatmif jyKjyifonf/
adjacent
eD;pyfaom/ uyfv#uf&Sdaom
adjacent side of a triangle
}wd*HwcktwGif;&Sd tem;wzufESifh eD;pyfaom/ uyfv#uf&Sdaom
algebra
tuQ&mocsFm
algebraic equation
tuQ&mocsFmnDr#jcif;
algebraic expression
tuQ&mocsFmaz:jycsuf
algebraic inequalities
tuQ&mocsFm rnDr#csufrsm;
algebraic pattern
tuQ&mocsFmyHkpH
algebraic solution
tuQ&mocsFmqdkif&m tajzrsm;
algebraically
tuQ&mocsFmenf;jzifh
alternate exterior angles
rsOf;jydKif 2a=umif;udk jzwfrsOf;wckjzwf&mwGif rsOf;+ydiftjyifzuf/ jzwfrsOf;.
wzufwcsufpD&Sdaxmifh
alternate interior angles
rsOf;jydKif 2a=umif;udk jzwfrsOf;wckjzwf&mwGif rsOf;+ydiftwGif;/ jzwfrsOf;.
wzufwcsufpD&Sdaxmifh
altitude
tjrifh
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
1
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
analyze
cGJjcrf;pdwfjzmonf
angle bisector
axmifhudkxuf0ufydkif;aomrsOf;
angle pairs
axmifhtpHkrsm;
apply a variety of strategies
aoe*FAsL[mtrsdK;rsdK;/ enf;aygif;pHkudk toHk;jyKonf
appropriate mathematical terms
oifawmfaom *%ef;ocsFmbmompum;vHk;/ a0g[m&rsm;
approximation
teD;pyfqHk;,ljcif;
arc
puf0ef;jywf puf0ef;ydkdif;
area
{&d,m
area of a circle
puf0dkif;wck.{&d,m
argument
qifacsuef uef@uGufaom tcsuf
arithmetically
ocsFmqdkif&m az:jyjcif;jzifh/ ocsFmqdkif&menf;udkoHk;I
associative property of addition
aygif;jcif;twGuf pkpnf;jcif; qdkif&m ocsFm*k%fowWd
associative property of multiplication
ajrmufjcif;twGuf pkpnf;jcif; qdkif&m ocsFm*k%fowWd
B
base (of percent)
&mcdkifE_ef;wGuf&mwGif tajcjyK&aom tajcwefzdk;
base of a 2-dimensional shape
ESpfzuffjrif jyifnDyHk. atmufajc
base of a 3-dimensional shape
oHk;zufjrif &kyfvHk;=uGyHk. atmufajc
base ten number system
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
wpffrSwq,fxd *%ef;wefzdk;rsm;jzif@ owfrSwfaz:jyaom *%ef;ocsFmpepf
2
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
binomial
tuQ&mocsFmwGif tuQ&may:2xyfwifxm;aom udef;ygonf@ udef;wef;pk
bisector
xuf0ufydkif; xm;jcif;
C
calculate
wGufcsufonf
calculate distance
tuGmta0;udk wGufcsufonf
calculate unit price
ypPnf;wck. aps;E_ef;udk wGufcsufonf
calculate volume
xkwnfudk wGufonf
Celsius
qJvfpD;,pf ac: tylcsdefudk wdkif;wmaom q,fvDpdwfpepf pifwD*&dwfpepf
central angle
A[dk&fudk cHaqmifxm;aom axmifh
chord
puf0dkif;wck. av;usdK; (puf0ef;ay:&dS trSwf2ckudk qufaom rsOf;)
circle
puf0dkif;
circle graph
puf0dkif;yHk udk tajcjyKqGJaom *&yf
circumference
t0ef;/ puf0dkif;wck. t&Snf
circumference
t0ef;/ puf0dkif;wck. t&Snf
clarifying questions
&Sif;atmif jyKvyfaeaom ar;cGef;rsm;
coefficient
tuQ&mocsFm. tuQ&ma&S@wGifuyfv#uf&Sdaeaom *%ef; wenf;ajrmufaz:udef;
coherent
tquftpyf&dSaom/ pnf;vHk;nDnGwfaom
collaboration
trsm;E_ifhwGJI tvkyfvkyfjcif;/ *%ef;rsm;udk pkpnf;wGJpyfay;jcif;/
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
3
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
combine like terms
tuQ&mocsFmt& wl&mwefzdk;rsm;udk pkonf/
commission
ypPnf;a&mif;ay;onf@twGuf a&mif;&aiGtcsdK@udk a&mif;ay;cay;onf
commutative property of addition
aygif;&mwGif a&S@aemufajymif;aomfvnf; wefzdk;rajymif;aom *k%fowWdwck
commutative property of multiplication
ajrmuf&mwGif a&S@aemufajymif;aomfvnf; wefzdk;rajymif;aom *k%fowWdwck
compare strategies
enf;AsL[mrsm;/ enf;pepfrsm;udk E_dif;,SSOfonf
compare unit prices
ypPnf;wckcsif;. aps;E_ef;udk E_dif;,SOfonf
compass
axmifhwdkif;puf0dkif;jcrf;
complementary angles
axmifhrSefjznf@zufaxmifh
compound events
tpkoDtdk&Dt& tpkwckwGif&dStpk0ifrsm;udkaygif;jcif;
comprehend
oabmayguf em;vnfonf/ t=uHK;0ifonf
conclusion
ed*Hk; ed*Hk;csKyfjcif;/ tqHk;oyfjcif;
conduct
jyKrlonf/n$efjyonf/ tkyfcsKyfonf
congruent
xyfwlnDjcif;
conjecture (noun)
tcsuftvufrpHkyJ qHk;jzwfcsufcsjcif;
conjecture (verb)
tcsuftvufrpHkyJ qHk;jzwfcsufcsonf/
connections
qufpyfjcif;rsm;/ tquftpyfrsm;
consecutive integers
qufwdkufjzpfaom udef;jynf@*%ef;rsm;/
consolidate
pkaygif;onf/ awmifhwif;ckdifrmvmaponf/
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
4
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
constraints
uef@owfcsufrsm;/ abmifcwfowfrSwfcsufrsm;
construction
wnfaqmufjcif;
convert money
aiGudk ajymif;vJypfonf
convert capacity within a given system
ay;xm;aom pepftwGif;wGif wefzdk;wckrS wckudk ajymif;onf
convert mass within a given system
ay;xm;aom pepftwGif;wGif tav;csdef/ (odk@) j'Afxk. wefzdk;wckrS wckudk ajymif;onf
convert volume withing a given system
ay;xm;aom pepftwGif;wGif xkxnfk. wefzdk;wckrS wckudk ajymif;onf
convert within a given system
ay;xm;aom pepftwGif;wGif tajymif;tvJvkyfonf
coordinate geometry
coordinate plane
tyfpf 0if&dk;/ 0dkif0if&dk;ygaom pepfwckudk tajccHum av@vmaom twdkif;twmqdkif&m
tdyfpF f 0if&dk;/ 0dkif0if&dk;ygaom pepfwck. jyifnDwck
corresponding angles
oufqdkif&m axmifhrsm;
corresponding sides
oufqdkif&m tem;rsm;
counterexample
oDtdk&rfwckudk rrSefa=umif; nif;qdkaom tcsuf
counterexamples
oDtdk&rfwckudk rrSefa=umif; nif;qdkaom tcsufrsm;
counting (natural) numbers
a&wGufI&aom obm0tav#muf wnf&Sdaeonf@ wefzdk;rsm;
counting numbers
a&wGufI&aom wefzdk;rsm;
cup
cGuf (xkxnfudkwdkif;aom,lepf)
customary units of capacity
t0iftqef@/ pGrf;tif/ wdkifI&aom t&mrsm;twGuf omref twdkif;twm ,lepfrsm;
customary units of mass
tav;csdef/ j'Afxkrsm;twGuf omref twdkif;twm ,lepfrsm;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
5
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
D
data
tcsuftvuf
decode
v#dK@0SufoauFwudk t"dy`g,faz:onf
defend
umuG,fonf
degree of a polynomial
tuQ&mudef;wpkwGifygaom tjriffhqHk;xyfudef; tqifhtwef;
density
odyfonf;jcif;
dependent events
tpkoDtdk&DwGif yg0ifaom rSDcdkae&aom tpkrsm;
describe
az:jyonf/
develop formulas
yHkaoenf;rsm;xGufay:ap&ef tqifhqifhwGufxkwfonf/ az:jrLvmxkwfonf
diameter
tcsif;
differentiate
uJukvocsFmwGif tvdkufajymif;onf/ tdyfpfwefzdk;ajymif;oavmuf 0dkif;.
vdkufajymif;jcif;rsm;udk&Smonf
dilate
yHkrsm;udk csJ@jcif;/ jcHK@ jcif;rsm;vkyfonf
dilation
yHkrsm;udk csJ@jcif;/ jcHK@ jcif;rsm;vkyfjcif;/
dimensions
twdkif;twmrsm;
discuss
aqG;aEG;onf
distance
tuGmta0;/ twdkif;twm
distinguish
uGJjym;jcm;em;aponf/ xifay:*k%fwufaponf
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
6
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
distributive property
cGJa0jcif; qdkif&m ocsFm*k%fowWd
domain
tpkoDtdk&DwGif yg0ifaom trSDcdkuif;aom rlv&if;jrpf tpk0ifrsm;
double bar graph
twHk;2wHk;ygaom*&yf
double line graphs
rsOf;2a=umif;ygaom*&yf/
draw a graph
*&yfqGJonf
draw a picture
yHkqJGonf
draw conclusions
ed*Hk; ed*Hk;csKyfjcif;/ tqHk;oyfjcif; jyKvkyfonf//
E
equation
nDr#jcif;
equation of a line
rsOf;a=umif;udk udk,fpm;jyKaom nDr#jcif;
equidistant
wlnDaom tuGmta0;
equivalent fractions
t0iftqef@/ pGrf;tif/ wdki;fI&aom t&mrsm;twGuf wlnDaom omref twdkif;twm
,lepfrsm;
wlnDaom tydkif;*%ef;rsm;
equivalent numerical expressions
udef; *%ef; eHygwfrsm;jzif@az:jyaom wlnDaom az:jycsuf
equivalent ratios
wlnDaom tcsK;wefzdk;
estimate
cef@rSef;onf
equivalent customary units of capacity
area
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
{&d,m
7
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
circumference
t0ef;
volume
xkxnf
evaluate conjectures
wefzdk;wGufonf/ wefzdk;jzwfonf
evaluate efficiency
pGrf;aqmifEkdif&nfudk tuJjzwfonf/
evaluate efficiency
pGrf;aqmifEkdif&nfudk tuJjzwfonf/
exchange rate table
aiGvJE_ef;rsm;udkjyaom Z,m;
expenses
ukefuspm;&dyf
explain
&Sif;vif;jyonf
explore
av@vmpHkprf; axmufvSrf;onf
exponent
xyfudef;
exponential form
xyfudef;jziffhaz:jyaom yHkpH
exponents
xyfudef;rsm;
extend
k csJ@xGifonf
exterior angle
tjyifaxmifh
extremes (of a proportion)
tcsdK;rsm;udk qufumqufumnDr#jcif;rsm;cs&mwGuf&mwGif a&S@qHk;E_ifhaemufqHk;
tcsdK;wefzdk;
F
faces and bases
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
rsufESmjyifrsm;/
8
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
of cones
t0dkfif;xkc|ef/ uawm@c|ef. rsufESmjyifrsm;/
of cylinders
xkvHk;&SnfyHk/ qvif'gyHk . rsufESmjyifrsm;/
of prisms
tuGufaz:aoG;xm;aom tvif;,dkifzefwHk; rsufESmjyifrsm;
of pyramids
yd&rpfyHkrsm;. rsufESmjyifrsm;
factor
qcGJudef;/ qcGJudef; cGJonf
Fahrenheit
zm&if[dkufac: tylcsdefudk wdkif;wmaom q,fvDpdwfr[kwfaompepff
favorable outcomes
vdkvm;pGm vufcHaom &vm'frsm;
fixed distance
rajymif;vJaom/ wefzdk;twdtus owfrSwfyD;aom tuGmta0;
formally
yHkrSeftm;jzifh
formula
az:jrLvm/ yHkaoenf;
formulate
yHkaoenf;xkwfonf/ az:jrLvmxkwfonf
formulate mathematical questions
*%ef;ocsFm qdkif&m ar;cGef;rsm;udk yHkaoenf;xkwfonf/ az:jrLvmxkwfonf
fraction
tydkif;*%ef;
frequency
}udrfE_ef;
frequency table
}udrfE_ef;rsm;udkjyaom Z,m;
function
qufoG,fcsuf
function notation
qufoG,fcsuf qdkif&m trSwftom;
function rule
qufoG,fcsuf qdkif&m pnf;rsOf;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
9
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
fundamental counting principle
BURMESE
tajccHa&wGufenf;Oya'
G-H
gallon
*gvH
generalizations
a,bl,sjyKjcif;/ trsm;E_ifhnSd,lzdk@vkyfjcif;
geometric shape
*sD=oar}xD enf;jzifh a&;qGJxm;aomyHk
geometry
*sD=oar}xDocsFm
graphically
*&yfjzifh
gratuity
vkyfoufqka=u;/ wpfyfoabmrsdK;ay;aiG
greatest common factor
AHkqcGJudef; t}uD;qHk;
height
tjrifh
histogram
ta=umif;udpPwckudk tptqHk; jynf@pHkatmif az:jyxm;aom bm;cs'f
hypotenuse
axmifhrSefueftem;
I-J
ideas
pdwful;rsm;/ oabmaygufr_rsm;
identity
a&;xdk;owfrSwfonf
identity element
ocsFmqdkif&moDtdk&rfrsm;udk oufaojy&mwGif oHk;aom oD;oef@*k%fowWd
identity property of addition
aygif;jcif;twGuf woD;wjcm; owfrSwfxm;aomwefzdk;owWd
identity property of multiplication
ajrSmufjcif;twGuf woD;wjcm; owfrSwfxm;aomwefzdk;owWd
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
10
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
image
yHk&dyf
impossible outcomes
jzpfEkdifacs&Sdaom tajz&vm'f
income
0ifaiG
indirect
wdkuf&dkufr[kwfaom/ oG,f0dkufIjyaom
inductive reasoning
t}udrf}udrf prf;oyfyD; rSefa=umif; awG@ojzifh vufcHvdkufaom trSefw&m;
inequality
rwlnDcsuf
informally
yHkrSefoabmrsdK;r[kwfyJ
input values
pepfwcktwGif;odk@xnf@oGif;vdkufaom wefzdk;rsm;
integer
uddef;jynf@
integer coefficients
tuQ&ma&S@wGifuyfv#uf&Sdaeaom udefk;jynf@*%ef; (wenf;) udef;jynf@ ajrmufaz:udef;
integers
udef;jynf@
integral
tpdwfrsm;udk aygif;pyfpkzGJ@xm;aom wefzdk;
integral exponents
xyfudef;jzpfaeaom tpdwfrsm;udk aygif;pyfpkzGJ@xm;aom wefzdk;
interconnect
twGGif;ydkif;wGif tcsif;csif;qufpyfr_
interconnect
twGGif;ydkif;wGif tcsif;csif;qufpyfr_
interest
twdk;
interest rates
twdk;E_ef;
interior angle
twGif;axmifh
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
11
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
interior angles
twGif;axmifhrsm;
interpret
t"dy`g,faumuf,lonf
interpret graphs
yHkrsm;udk t"dy`g,f zGifhqdk &Sif;vif;onf
invalid approach
vufrcHEkdifaom csOf;uyfr_
inverse element
ocsFmoDtdk&rfrsm;udk oufaojy&mwGif oHk;aom ydkif;ajc/ ydkif;a0ajymif;jyefvSefjcif;qdkif&m
*k%fowWd
inverse operation
ajymif;jyef (tjyeftvSef)vkyfaom ocsFmqdkif&mvkyfxHk;
inverse operations
ajymif;jyef (tjyeftvSef)vkyfaom ocsFmqdkif&mvkyfxHk;rsm;
investigate
av@vmpHkprf; axmufvSrf;onf
investigate conjectures
tcsuftvufrpHkyJ qHk;jzwfcsufcsjcif; tay: pHkprf;ppfaq;onf
irrational numbers
wefzdk;twdtusjzwfIr&aom 'or udef;t&vnf;rqHk;aom *%ef;rsm;
irregular polygon
jrifaeusyHkrsdK;r[kwfaom/ yHko¾mef rrSefaom A[k*H
irrelevant information
toHk;rusaom tcsuftvufrsm;
justify
rSefuefatmif vufcHEd_ifatmifvkyfonf
L
language of logic (and, or, not)
ocsFm,kwdWaA'qdkif&mbmompum; (E_ifh/ odk@r[kwf/ r[kwf)
law of exponents for division
pm;jcif;twGuf xyfn$ef;udef;qdkif&m ocsFmOya'orsm;
law of exponents for multiplication
ajrSmufjcif;twGuf xyfn$ef;udef;qdkif&m ocsFmOya'orsm;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
12
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
laws of exponents
BURMESE
xyfn$ef;udef;qdkif&m ocsFmOya'orsm;
legs of a right triangle
axmifrSef}wd*H. axmifrSefcHtem;r[kwfaom useftem;wzuf
length
tv#m;/ t&Snf
levels of precision
wdusr_tqifhtwef;
like (common) denominators
(tydkif;*%ef;rsm;aygif;jcif;E_wfjcif;twGuf vdktyfaom) ydkif;ajcwlrsm;
like terms
xyfudef;E_ifhwuGwlaom udef;&Sifwefzdk;
line
rsOf;ajzmifh
line graph
rsOf;ajzmifhjzif@qGJxm;aom *&yfvdkif;
line symmetry
xyffwlrsOf;
linear equation
rsOf;ajzmifh qdkif&mnDr#jcif;
linear inequalities
rsOf;ajzmifh qdkif&m rwlnDcsufrsm;
linear relationship
rsOf;ajzmifh qdkif&m qufoG,fcsufrsm;
liter
vDwm
logic
,kwWdaA'/ a=umif;usdK;qifcsifjcif;bmom&yf
logical argument
,kwWd&Sdaom a=umif;usdK;qifcsifjcif; jziffh qifacsay;Iuef@uGufjcif;
logical reasoning
,kwWd&Sdaom a=umif;usdK;qifcsifjcif;
lowest terms
atmufqHk;tusOf;yddkif; (tydkif;*%ef;wckudk aemufqHk;txd usOf;xm;+yD;wefzdk;)
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
13
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
M
magnitude
yrm%
make conjectures
tcsuftvufrpHkyJ qHk;jzwfcsufcsatmifvkyfonf/
manipulative(s)
u|rf;usifpGmudkifwG,fjcif;rsm;/ ocsFmt& wGuf&efvG,faomudef;*%ef;rsm;
map scale
ajryHkpau;
mathematical argument
*%ef;ocsFm enf;jzif@ qifacsay;jcif;/ uef@uGufjcif;rsm;
mathematical ideas
*%ef;ocsFm enf;pepfudk tajccHaom pdwful;rsm;
mathematical language
*%ef;ocsFm udkoHk;I az:jyaom bmompum;
mathematical language
*%ef;ocsFm udkoHk;I az:jyaom bmompum;
mathematical phenomena
*%ef;ocsFm enf;pepfudk tajccHaom tawG;tac:
mathematical relationships
*%ef;ocsFm udkoHk;I qufoG,fjcif;
mathematical statement
*%ef;ocsFm udkoHk;I az:jyjcif;
mean
ysOf;r#jcif; zsOf;r#jcif;
means (of a proportion)
tcsdK;wck. zsOf;r#jcif;
measure capacity
yrm%wckudk wdkif;wmjcif;/ yrm%wck. twdkif;twm
measures of central tendency
pm⇔tif;ynmt& tv,fwefzdk;em;odk@csOf;uyfr_udk wdkif;wmjcif;
median
*%ef;tkyfpkrsm;. tv,fwefzdk;
methods of proof
rSefa=umif;oufaojy&ef enf;vrf;rsm;
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Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
metric system
q,fvDpdwfpepfjzifh wdkif;wmaom pepf
metric units of capacity
metric units of mass
pGrf;tifodk@r[kwftwdkif;twmyrm% . q,fvDpdwfpepfjzifh wdkif;wmaom twdkif;twm
j'Afxf k. q,fvDpdwfpepfjzifh wdkif;wmaom twdkif;twm ,lepfrsm;
milliliter
rDvDvDwm
misleading
vrf;vGJoGm;jcif;/ vGJrSm;aomzufodk@OD;wnffr_
mixed number
tydkif;*%ef;wck.udef;a&m*%ef;/ udef;jynf@E_ifh tydkif;a&maeaomtydkif;*%ef;
mode
pm&if;ynmt& wlnDaom *%ef;rsm; rsm;pGmygaom *%ef;
model (noun)
pHyHkpH/ pHerlemyHkpH
model problems
pHyHkpHjy\emrsm;/ pHerlemyHkpHjy\emrsm;
model situations
pHyHkpHjy\emrsm;/ pHerlemyHkpHjy\emrsm;
model using manipulatives
wGuf&efvG,faomudef;*%ef;rsm;udk oHk;xm;aom pHyHkpH
model(s)
pHyHkpHrsm;/ pHerlemyHkpHrsm;
models
pHyHkpHrsm;/ pHerlemyHkpHrsm;
monitor
ajymif;vJwdk;wufr_udk ppfaq;onf/ xkwfv$ifr_ udkzrf;,lonf
monomial
tuQ&mocsFmwGif tuQ&may: xyfudef;wckomxyfwifxm;aom udef;ygonf@ udef;wef;pk
monomials
tuQ&mudef;pOfwef;wGif xyfudef; wckom jzpfEd_ifaom udef;pOfwef;rsm;
multiple
qwdk;udef;
multiple representations
ajrSmufudef;rsm;jzifh udk,fpm;jyKwifjyjcif;
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Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
multiplicative inverse (reciprocal)
tkyfpkocsFm. tajrmuftpm; wdk@tm; ydkif;ajc ydkif;a0qdkif&m cGJxkwfEkdifaom owWd
multiply (multiplication)
ajrSmufonf (ajrSmufjcif;)
N
natural numbers
oHkntygt0if a&wGufI&aom tvHk;pHkaom *%ef;rsm;
negative
tEkwf
nonadjacent side of a triangle
}wd*HwcktwGif;&Sd tem;wzufESifh eD;pyfaom/ uyfv#uf&Sdaom tem;r[kwfaom
nonlinear equation
rsOf;ajzmifh rjzpfEkdifaom ocsFmqdkif&m nDdr#jcif;
nonlinear relationship
rsOf;ajzmifh rjzpfEkdifaom ocsFmqdkif&m qufoG,fcsufrsm;
non-perfect squares
2xyfwdudef;r[kwfaom
non-repeating decimal
xyfjyefwvJ rjzpfyJ qHk;aom wdusaom 'orwefzdk;
nonstandard representations
pHowfrSwfrxm;aom udk,fpm;jyKjcif;rsm;
non-terminating decimal
tqHk;oyfI r&Ekdifaom 'orudef;
not preserved
rysufpD;ap&ef jyKjyifpDrHjcif; vkyfrxm;aom
number line
*%ef; wefzdk;rsm;jzif@jyaom rsOf;
number system
udef;*%ef; qdkif&mpepf
number systems
udef;*%ef; qdkif&mpepfrsm;
numeric (arithmetic) expression
udef; *%ef; eHygwfrsm;jzif@
numerical problem
udef; *%ef; rsm;jzif@az:jyaom az:jycsuf
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Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
udef; *%ef; eHygwfrsm;jzif@
numerically
O
observe patterns
wnfaqmufyHk yHkpHrsm;udk av@vmpl;prf;onf
operation
wGufcsufvkyfudkifjcif;
operations with polynomials
tuQ&muddef;wckpDay:wGif xyfudef;rsm;udk wifI wGufcsufjcif;rsm;
order (verb)
tpDtpOf vkyfonf pDpOfonf
order of operations
taygif;/tE_wf/ tajrmuf/ tpm;/ ponf@ vkyfenf;wdk@udk tpOfvdkuf pDpOfr_
ordered pair
tdyfpf udkyxrae&m 0dkifudk 'kwd,ae&m tjzpfcsxm;aom tuQ&mocsFm tpHk
organize work
tvkyfudkpkpnf;onf
organized chart
pkpnf;xm;aom Z,m;
organized list
pkpnf;xm;aom pm&if; tpDtpOf
P
parallel lines
rsOf;jydKifrsm;
percent
&mE_ef; &mcdkifE_ef;
percent decrease
av#m@aom&mE_ef;
percent increase
wdk;aom&mE_ef;
percent of quantity
twdkif;twmyrm%. &mE_ef;/ &mcdkifE_ef;
perfect square
2xyfudef;
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
perimeter
ywfvnftem;
perpendicular bisector
xuf0ufydkif; axmifhrSefusvkyfjcif;
personal references for capacity
yk*d~Kvfa&;qdkif&m taxmuftxm; tudk;tum;rsm;
personal references for units of mass
yk*d~Kvfa&;qdkif&m taxmuftxm; tudk;tum;rsm;
physical phenomena
&kyf0xÎKydkif; qdkif&m em;vnfr_oabmw&m;rsm;
pi (π)
ydkif (t0ef;ESif@ tcsif;wdk@. tcsdK;wefzdk;)
pint
ydkif@ (xkxnfudkwdkif;aom,lepf)
plot
tuGuf/ tuGufcsonf
point
'or/ tpuf/ nGEfjyonf
polygon
A[k*H
polynomial
tuQ&mocsFmwGif tuQ&may: rnfonf@xyfudef;jzpfap xyfwifxm;aom udef;ygonf@
udef;wef;pk
population
vlOD;a&/ ocsFmt& tkyfpk}uD;wckvHk;/
positive
taygif; vuQ%m
possible outcomes
jzpfEdkifacs&Sdaom &vm'frsm;
power
xyfudef;
predict
cef@rSef;onf
pre-image
a&S@uyHk&dyf
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Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
preserved
rysufpD;ap&ef jyKjyifpDrHxm;aom
prime factorization
ok'QqcGJudef; (aemufqHk;qifh qcGJudef;) jzpfatmifqcGJudef;cGJjcif;
probability
jzpfEdkifacsudkwGufjcif;/ jzpfEkdifpGrf;udk av@vmjcif;
process of elimination
acsjcif;/ azsmufjcif;udpPtwGuf vkyfenf; tqifhqifh
profit
tusdK;tjrwf/
properties of real numbers
wu,f&Sdaomwefzdk;Wdrsm;/ udef;ppfrsm;
proportion
*%ef;ocsFm. tcsdK;oabm nDr#jcif;
proportional reasoning
*%ef;ocsFm. tcsdK;oabmw&m; jzpr_udk usdK;a=umif;qifcsifjcif;
proportionality
*%ef;ocsFm. tcsdK;oabmw&m; jzpfr_
protractor
axmifhwdkif;puf0dkif;jcrf;
Pythagorean theorem
ydkifo*dk&yfpf oDtdk&rf
Q
quadrant
a&nDrsOf;/ rwfrsOf;wdk@jzifh wnfaqmufxm;aom tuGufav;uGuf
quadratic equation
tuQ&mocsFm. tuQ&may:2xyfudef;ygaom tuQ&mocsFmudef;pk
quadratics
tuQ&mocsFmwGif tuQ&may:2xyfwifxm;aom udef;ygonf@ udef;wef;pk
quadrilateral
pwk*H/ av;axmifhyHk
quart
xkxnfudkwdkif;aom ,lepftrnf uGwf
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
R
radius
tcsif;0uf
range
tp/ tqHk; tkyfpkvdkuf&Sdaom wefzdk;pkwpk
rate
E_ef; (wpHkwckwefzdk;udk tcsdefjzifhpm;jcif;)
rate
E_ef; (wpHkwckwefzdk;udk tcsdefjzifhpm;jcif;)
rate of change
ajymif;vJr_E_ef;
rate of interest
twdk;E_ef;
ratio
tcsdK;
rational number
tydkif;*%ef;jzifh twdtusaz:jyEkdifaom *%ef;
rationale
tydkif;*%ef;jzifh twdtusaz:jy apEd_ifonf
real numbers
wu,f&Sdaomwefzdk;/ (a&nDrsOf;/ axmifvdkufrsOf;ygaomyHkay:wGiftrSwfcs&aomwefzdk;
reasonableness of a solution
tajzwck. t"dy`g,f&Sdjcif;/ a=umif;usdK; qDav#mfjcif;
recognize connections
qufoG,fcsufrsm;/ qufpyfr_rsm;udk todtrSwfjyKonf
record data
tcsuftvuf rsm;udk rSwfwrf;rSwfonf
rectangle
axmifhrSef
rectangular prism
tuGufaz:aoG;xm;aom av;axmifhyHk tvif;,dkifzefwHk;
reflect
a&mifjyef[yfonf/ t&dyfyGm;wck xif[yfonf
reflection
a&mifjyef[yfjcif;f/ t&dyfyGm;wck xif[yfjcif;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
refute
rSm;,Gif;a=umif;acsyonf/ r[kwfrrSefa=umif; nif;qdkonf
regular polygon
yHkrSeftaetxm;twdkif; wnf@rwfpGm&Sdaeaom A[k*H
relation
qufoG,fcsuf
relative error
E_dif;,SOfI qHk;jzwfaom trSm;
relevant information
qDav#mfaom owif;tcsuftvufrsm;
repeating decimal
xyfjyefwvJ jzpfaeI rqHk;aom 'orwefzdk;
results
tajzrsm;/ tusdK;&vm'frsm;
rhombus
&Grf;AwfyHk/ rSefuluGuf
right angle
axmifhrSef
rotate
vnfaponf/ vSnf@ywfonf
rotation
vnfaponf/ vSnf@ywfonf
rotational symmetry
vnfywfjcif;qdkif&m acgufcsKd;udkufnDr_
round (verb)
teD;pyfqHk;,lonf
rule
ayw/H pnf;rsOf; xkwfol / Oya'trdef@xkwfol/ tkyfcsKyfol/ tkyfcskyfonf/
S
sale price
a&mif;aps;
sales
ta&mif;wefzdk;/ a&mif;aomypPnf;rsm;
sampling
pm&if;tif;ynmt& erlemaumufjcif;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
scientific notation
*%ef;aygif;pufay:rSmaz:jyaom ody`Hynmqdkif&myHkpHjzifh *%ef;rsm;udk
wq,fxyfudef;jzifhjyjcif;
sector
puf0dkif;pdwf
segment bisector
tydkif;wckudk xuf0ufnDatmif ydkif;jcif;
similar triangles
o¾mefwl}wd*Hrsm;
simple interest
&dk;&dk;twdk;
simplify
vG,fulatmif &Sif;onf
simplify expressions
az:jycsursm;// uddef;wef;rsm;k udk vG,fulatmif &Sif;onf
slope
qifacsav#m/ ocsFmwGif axmifhrwfwefzdk;E_ifh a&jyifnfDwefzdk;[email protected];
slope-intercept form
ocsFmnDr#jcif;wckudk ocsFmqifacsav#m E_ifh rsOf;ydkif;qufoG,fcsufjzifh jyaomyHkpH
social contexts
vlr_a&;qdkif&m yg0ifaomtcsufrsm;
social phenomena
vlr_a&;qdkif&m em;vnfr_oabmw&m;rsm;
solution
tajz
solution set
tajzrsm;. tpk
solution set of an equation
nDr#jcif;wcktwGuf tajzrsm;. tpk
solution set of an inequality
rnDr#csufwcktwGuf tajzrsm;. tpk
solutions
tajzrsm;/
solve
tajzxkwfonf/ tajz&atmifwGufonf
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
solve a simpler problem
ydkrdkvG,fulaom ykp>mudk ajz&Sif;onf
spatial reasoning
uGufvyfjyKjcif;/ csefvSyfxm;jcif; qdkif&m a=umif;usdk;qifcsifoHk;oyfjcif;
special case(s)
txl;jzpf&yfrsm;
square
pwk&ef;yHk/2xyfudef;jyKjcif;
square root
ESpfwyfudef;&if;
standard form of a number
udef;wck. pHyHkpH
standard representations
pHowfrSwfxm;aom udk,fpm;jyKjcif;rsm;
statistics
pm&if;tif;ynm
straight edge
ajzmif@wef;aeaom tpGef;rsm; (aZmif;rsm;)
strategies
r[mAsL[mrsm;
strategies
r[mAsL[mrsm;
strategies
r[mAsL[mrsm;
strategy selection
r[mAsL[mrsm; udk a&G;cs,fjcif;
subset
tpkydkif;
substitute
tpm;xdk;onf/ tpm;xdk;xm;aomudef;
supplementary angles
axmifajzmifhjznf@zufaxmifhrsm;
supportive argument
taxmuftuljyKaom uef@uGufcsuf(av#mufv$Jcsuf)
supportive arguments
taxmuftuljyKaom uef@uGufcsuf(av#mufv$Jcsuf)rsm;
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
23
MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
surface area of prisms
tuGufaz:aoG;xm;aom tvif;,dkifzefwHk;(y&pfZif)rsm;. rsufESmjyif{&d,m
surface area of cylinders
qvif'gac: xkvHk;&Snfwck. rsufESmjyif{&d,m
symbols in verbal form
pum;jzif@az:jyxm;aom oauFw
symmetry
pepf (odk@) zGJpnf;yHk
system of equations
ocsFmnDr#jcif;rsm; pepf (odk@) zGJpnf;yHk
system of inequalities
ocsFmqdkif&m rnDr#csufrsm; pepf (odk@) zGJpnf;yHk
T-U
table of values
wefzdk;rsm;udk a&;oGif;xm;aom Z,m;uGuf
tax
tcGef/ tcGefaumufonf
technical writing
tif*sifeD,mpaom twwfynmbmom&yf qdkif&m ta&;tom;
term
a0g[m& toHk;tE_ef;
terminating decimal
wefzdk;twdtusjzwfIaom 'or udef;
transformation
ajymif;vJjcif;
transformational geometry
ajymif;vJjcif; E_ifhqdkifaom *sD=oar}wD
translate
bmomjyefonf
translation
bmomjyefjcif;
transversal
jzwfrsOf;jzpfaom/
trapezoid
x&myDZD,rf. xkvHk;yHk/ (rsufESmcsif;qdkif tem;jydKif2zufygaom pwk*H) . xkvHk;yHk
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Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
trial and error
prf;vkyfvdkufrSm;vdkuf jyefjyifvdkufvkyfjcif;jzihftajz&Smjcif;
triangle
}wd*H
trinomial
3xyfudef;ygaom
unlike denominators
rwlnDaom ydkif;ajcrsm;
V-W-Y-Z
valid approach
qufvufI oHk;vdk@&aeao;aom csOf;uyfr_
validity of sample methods
pm&if;tif;ynmt& erlemaumuf,laom enf;vrf;rsm;. qufvuf toHk;0ifaer_
variable
udef;&Sif/ tuQ&mocsFm. tuQ&mpmvHk;
Venn diagram
Aif o&kyfjyyHk (tpkoDtdk&DrSmoHk;onf)
verbal expression
pum;jzif@az:jyxm;jcif;/ E_wfjzifh az:jyxm;jcif;
verbal form
pum;jzif@az:jyxm;aom yHkpH/ E_wfjzifh az:jyaom yHkpH
verbal sentence
pum;jzif@az:jyxm;aom pma=umif;/ E_wfjzifh az:jyaom pma=umif;
verbal symbols
pum;jzif@az:jyxm;aom oauFw/ E_wfjzifh az:jyaom oauFw
verbally
pum;jzif@/ E_wfjzifh
verify claims of others
tjcm;tvkyfwdk@. awmif;qdkr_rsm;udk twnfjyKonf
verify results
&vm'fudk twnfjyKonf
vertex
xdyfaxmifh/ xdyfqdkifaxmifh
vertical
a'gifvdkufjzpfaom
ALBETAC 2008-2009
Burmese Version
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MATH GLOSSARY
Grades 6-8
ENGLISH
BURMESE
vertical angles
axmifvdkufjzpfaom axmifhrsm;
vertical line test
a'gifvdkufrsOf;jzifh prff;oyfjcif;
vertical lines
a'gifvdkufrsOf;rsm;
visualization
jrifvmjcif;/ xifjrifodomvmjcif;
volume
xkxnf
volume of a cylinder
qvif'gac: xkvHk;&Snfwck. xkxnf
volume of a prism
tuGufaz:aoG;xm;aom tvif;,dkifzefwHk; . xkkxnf
whole number
udef;jynf@ *%ef;
whole numbers
udef;jynf@ *%ef;rsm;
width
teH
work backwards
aemufa=umif;jyefvkyfonf//
write an equation
nDr#jcif;;wa=umif; a&;onf
written symbols
a&;om;az:jyxm;aom oauFwrsm;
y-intercept
axmifvdkufrsOf;jzpfaom 0dkifrsOf;. rsOf;ydkif;
zero property of multiplication
ajrSSmufjcif;twGuf oHkn.owWd
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