Glossary
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS
Glossary of Terms
English / Arabic
Translation of ELA Terms
Based on Coursework for
ELA Grades 3 to 8
Last Updated: March 2016
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
GLOSSARY
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS
ENGLISH - SPANISH
THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234
P-16
Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education
Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies
http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/biling/
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
Regents of the University
MERRYL H. TISCH, Chancellor, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. ...........................................
ANTHONY S. BOTTAR, Vice Chancellor, B.A., J.D. ………………...........................
NAN EILEEN MEAD, B.A. …………......................................................................
JOSEPHINE VICTORIA FINN, B.A., J.D. ……………………........................................
BEVERLY L. OUDERKIRK, B.S., M.S. …..............................................................
T. ANDREW BROWN, B.A., J.D. …………….....................................................
CATHERINE COLLINS, B.S., M.S., Ph.D. ...........................................................
JAMES R. TALLON, JR., B.A., M.A. ...................................................................
ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.....................................................................................
JUDITH JOHNSON, B.A., M.A., Ed.D. ...............................................................
BETTY A. ROSA, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D. .......................
LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D. .........................................................
CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. ..............................................................
WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A. .................................................................................
JUDITH CHIN, B.S., M.S., ...................................................................................
KATHLEEN M. CASHIN, B.S., M.S., Ed.D..........................................................
JAMES E. COTTRELL, B.S., M.D...........................................................................
New York
Syracuse
Manhattan
Albany
Saratoga
Mid-State
West New York
Binghamton
Great Neck
Mid-Hudson
Bronx
Oakland Gardens
Staten Island
Rochester
Queens
Brooklyn
New York
Commissioner of Education
President of The University of the State of New York
MARYELLEN ELIA
Executive Deputy Commissioner
ELIZABETH BERLIN
The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital
status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its
educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats,
including Braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should
be directed to the Department’s Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY
12234. Requests for additional copies of this publication may be made by contacting the Publications Sales Desk, Room
319, Education Building, Albany, NY 12234.
NYS LANGUAGE RBE-RN AT NYU
PAGE 1
2012
ENGLISH
ARABIC
A
1
2
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11
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18
action
active voice
according to the information
adjective
alliteration
allusion
alternate claim
analogy
analyze
anecdote
another
answer
argument
article
arrange
audience
author
author's purpose
1
2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
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14
15
16
17
18
B
1
2
3
4
5
6
because
before
beginning
bibliography
biography
both
1
2
3
4
5
6
C
1
2
3
capitalization
cause
cause/effect
1
2
3
‫ﻋﻣل‬
‫اﻟﺻوت اﻟﻧﺷط‬
‫وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺻﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻧﺎس‬
‫إﺷﺎرة‬
‫ﻣطﺎﻟﺑﺔ ﺑدﯾﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺷﺎﺑﮫ ﺟزﺋﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬
‫ﺣﻛﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫آﺧر‬
‫إﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺟدال‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫رﺗب‬
‫ﺟﻣﮭور‬
‫ﻣؤﻟف‬
‫ھدف اﻟﻣؤﻟف‬
‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬
‫ﻗﺑل‬
‫اﻟﺑداﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻓﮭرس‬
‫ﺳﯾرة ذاﺗﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻼ‬
‫اﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾر‬
‫ﺳﺑب‬
‫ﺳﺑب ﺗﺄﺛﯾر‬
ENGLISH
ARABIC
18
‫ﺑﺎب‬
‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋص‬
‫ﺧرﯾطﺔ‬
‫راﺟﻊ‬
‫اﺧﺗﺎر‬
‫داﺋرة‬
‫ﺗﻧوﯾﮫ‬
‫اﺳﺗﺷﮭد‬
‫ﯾطﺎﻟب‬
‫ﺗﺻﻧﯾف‬
‫ﺑﻧد‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻗﺷﺔ اﻟﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯾﺔ‬
(،) ‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎرن‬
compare and contrast (in writing)
19
(‫ﻗﺎرن وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﻘﯾض ) ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛﺗﺎﺑﺔ‬
20
22
complex sentence
compound sentence
compound-complex sentence
22
‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻘدة‬
‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ ﻣرﻛﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ ﻣرﻛﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﻘدة‬
23
concluding statement/section
23
‫ اﻟﻘﺳم‬/ ‫اﻟﺑﯾﺎن اﻟﺧﺗﺎﻣﻲ‬
24
concrete detail
conflict
contrast
connotation
context
conventions
credible source
24
‫اﻟﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل ﻣﻠﻣوﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺻراع‬
‫ﺗﺑﺎﯾن‬
‫ﻣﻔﮭوم‬
‫ﺳﯾﺎق اﻟﻛﻼم‬
‫اﻻﺗﻔﺎﻗﯾﺎت‬
‫ﻣﺻدر ﻣوﺛوق‬
18
chapter
character
characteristics
chart
check
choose
circle
citation
cite
claim
classification
clause
collaborative discussion
comma (,)
compare
19
20
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
21
25
26
27
28
29
30
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
21
25
26
27
28
29
30
ENGLISH
ARABIC
D
1
2
3
4
5
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7
8
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definition
demonstrate
describe
description
detail
dialogue
dictionary
digital source
directions
distinguish
drama
draw conclusions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
E
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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11
edit
elaborate
end / the end
enough
essay
events
event sequence
everyday speech
evidence
explain
explicit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
F
1
2
3
4
fable
fact
false
fantasy story
1
2
3
4
‫ﺗﻌرﯾف‬
‫ﺗظﺎھر‬
‫اوﺻف‬
‫وﺻف‬
‫اﻟﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل‬
‫ﺣوار‬
‫ﻗﺎﻣوس‬
‫ﻣﺻدر اﻟرﻗﻣﻲ‬
‫اﻻﺗﺟﺎھﺎت‬
‫ﺗﻣﯾز‬
‫دراﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﺗﺧﻼص اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬
‫ھذب ﻟﻠطﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ‬
‫ اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬/ ‫ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎل‬
‫أﺣداث‬
‫ﺗﺳﻠﺳل اﻟﺣدث‬
‫اﻟﻛﻼم اﻟﯾوﻣﻲ‬
‫دﻟﯾل‬
‫ﺷرح‬
‫ﺻرﯾﺢ‬
‫أﺳطورة‬
‫ﺣﻘﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺎطﺋﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺻﺔ ﺧﯾﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
ENGLISH
5
6
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fiction
figurative language
figure of speech
find the main idea
folktale
format
furthermore
ARABIC
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
G
1
2
3
genre
glossary
go on
1
2
3
H
1
2
3
4
5
6
happen
heading
help
historical novel/account
how
however
1
2
3
4
5
6
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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identify
if … then
illustrate
inference
informative/explanatory text
initially
inquiry
interpret
introduction
irony
issue
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
‫ﺧﯾﺎل‬
‫ﺑﻼﻏﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺟﺎزي‬
‫اﻟﻌﺛور ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﻛرة اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺣﻛﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺧراﻓﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺷﻛل‬
‫ﻋﻼوة ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟك‬
‫ﻧوع أدﺑﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻣوس ﻣﺻطﻠﺣﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﯾﺣدث‬
‫ﻋﻧوان‬
‫ﻣﺳﺎﻋدة‬
‫ ﺣﺳﺎب‬/ ‫اﻟرواﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺎرﯾﺧﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻛﯾف‬
‫وﻣﻊ ذﻟك‬
‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬
‫ ﺛم‬...‫اذا‬
‫ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ‬
‫اﺳﺗدﻻل‬
‫ ﻧص ﺗوﺿﯾﺣﻲ‬/ ‫إﻋﻼﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑداﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬
‫ﻓﺳر‬
‫اﻟﻣﻘدﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺧرﯾﺔ‬
‫اﺻدر‬
ENGLISH
ARABIC
J
1
2
3
judgment
journal
justify
1
2
3
K
1
2
3
4
key event
key detail/idea
know
knowledge
1
2
3
4
L
1
2
3
4
5
6
list
literary nonfiction
literary text
listen
listening
long time ago
1
2
3
4
5
6
M
1
2
3
4
5
6
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8
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12
main
main character
main idea
main purpose
make believe
memoir
mood
most important
most likely
motive
multimedia
myth
1
2
3
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5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
‫ﺣﻛم‬
‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺑرﯾر‬
‫اﻟﺣدث اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﻔﻛرة‬/ ‫ﻣﻔﺗﺎح اﻟﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل‬
‫ﻋﻠم‬
‫ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺻﺻﻲ اﻷدﺑﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻧص اﻷدﺑﻲ‬
‫اﺳﺗﻣﻊ‬
‫اﺳﺗﻣﺎع‬
‫ﻗﺑل وﻗت طوﯾل‬
‫رﺋﯾﺳﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻛرة اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻐرض اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﻰ‬
‫ﯾﺻدق‬-‫ﯾﻌﺗﻘد‬
‫ﻣذﻛرات‬
‫ﻣزاج‬
‫أھم‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرﺟﺢ‬
‫داﻓﻊ‬
‫اﻟوﺳﺎﺋط اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة‬
‫أﺳطورة‬
ENGLISH
ARABIC
N
1
2
3
4
5
narrated experience/event
narrative
narrator
nonfiction
noun
1
2
3
4
5
O
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
objective summary
obstacle
often
on the other hand
opinion
opposing claim
otherwise
outcome
outline
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
P
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
paragraph
paraphrase
parentheses ( … )
passage
person
phrase
plagiarism
plan
plot
poem/poetry
point of view/perspective
preceding
predict
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
‫ اﻟﺣدث‬/ ‫ﻗص ﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺳرد‬
‫راوي‬
‫ﻗﺻﺻﻲ‬
‫إﺳم‬
‫ﻣﻠﺧص ﻣوﺿوﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻘﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻟﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣن ﻧﺎﺣﯾﺔ أﺧرى‬
‫رأي‬
‫ﻣطﺎﻟﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﺎرﺿﺔ‬
‫وإﻻ‬
‫ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺧطوط اﻟﻌرﯾﺿﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻘرة‬
‫إﻋﺎدة ﺻﯾﺎﻏﺔ اﻟﻧص‬
( ... ) ‫ﺑﯾن ﻗوﺳﯾن‬
‫ﻋﺑﺎرة‬
‫ﺷﺧص‬
‫اﻟﻌﺑﺎرة‬
‫ﺳرﻗﺔ أدﺑﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺧطﺔ‬
‫ﻗطﻌﺔ‬
‫ اﻟﺷﻌر‬/ ‫ﻗﺻﯾدة‬
‫ ﻣﻧظور‬/ ‫وﺟﮭﺔ ﻧظر‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑق‬
‫ﺗﻧﺑؤ‬
ENGLISH
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
print source
probably
problem
publish
pun
punctuation
purpose
ARABIC
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Q
1
2
question
quotation
1
2
R
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
read
reader
read aloud
reading
ready
real
reason
reflection
research
resolution
respond
response
rhyme
revise
role
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
‫ﻣﺻدر اﻟطﺑﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣل‬
‫ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺷر‬
‫ﻟﻌﺑﺔ اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت‬
‫ﺗرﻗﯾم‬
‫ﻏرض‬
‫ﺳؤال‬
‫اﻗﺗﺑﺎس‬
‫اﻗرأ‬
‫ﻗﺎرئ‬
‫اﻗرأ ﺑﺻوت ﻋﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻗراءة‬
‫ﺟﺎھز‬
‫ﺣﻘﯾﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺑب‬
‫اﻧﻌﻛﺎس‬
‫ﺑﺣث‬
‫ﻗرار‬
‫رد‬
‫اﺳﺗﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬
‫راﺟﻊ‬
‫دور‬
ENGLISH
ARABIC
S
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
scene
sensory language
sentence
sequence
setting
show
significance
soliloquy
solution
sonnet
source
stanza
statement
story
summary
support
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
T
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
technology
tell
text
textual evidence
then
therefore
theme/central idea
thesaurus
through
title
tone
topic
traditional stories
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
‫ﻣﺷﮭد‬
‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﺣﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺳﻠﺳل‬
‫ﺿﺑط‬
‫ﺗﺑﯾن‬
‫أھﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻧﺎﺟﺎة اﻟﻧﻔس‬
‫ﺣل‬
‫ ﺑﯾﺗﺎ‬14 ‫اﻟﺳوﻧﯾﺗﺔ ﻗﺻﯾدة ﻣن‬
‫ﻣﺻدر‬
‫ﻣﻘطﻊ ﺷﻌري‬
‫ﺑﯾﺎن‬
‫ﻗﺻﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺧص‬
‫اﻟدﻋم‬
‫ﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ‬
‫أﻗول‬
‫ﻧص‬
‫أدﻟﺔ ﻧﺻﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺛم‬
‫وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﻔﻛرة اﻟﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ‬/ ‫ﻣوﺿوع‬
‫ﻗﺎﻣوس‬
‫ﻋﺑر‬
‫ﻋﻧوان‬
‫ﻧﻐﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻣوﺿوع‬
‫اﻟﻘﺻص اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ‬
ENGLISH
14
15
16
transition
true
turn
ARABIC
14
15
16
U
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
underline
understanding
unfortunately
unless
up to now
use
use evidence
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
W
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
watch out
we
what
when
whenever
where
whereas
whereby
wherein
which
who
who is speaking
why
wide open
with
without
word
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
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‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬
‫ﺻﺣﯾﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻧﻌطف‬
‫ أﻛد‬-‫ﺧط ﺗﺣت اﻟﺳطر‬
‫ﻓﮭم‬
‫ﻟﺳوء اﻟﺣظ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻟم‬
‫ﺣﺗﻰ اﻵن‬
‫اﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل‬
‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻷدﻟﺔ‬
‫اﺣﺗرس‬
‫ﻧﺣن‬
‫ﻣﺎذا‬
‫ﻣﺗﻰ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن‬
‫أﯾن‬
‫ﺑﯾﻧﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑواﺳطﺗﮫ‬
‫ﺣﯾث‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻣن اﻟذى‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﻣﺗﺣدث‬
‫ﻟﻣﺎذا ا‬
‫ﻣﻔﺗوح ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺻراﻋﯾﮫ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺑدون‬
‫ﻛﻠﻣﺔ‬