Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EST) February 5, 2016
USDL-16-0210
Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JANUARY 2016
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 151,000 in January, and the unemployment rate was little
changed at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in several
industries, led by retail trade, food services and drinking places, health care, and manufacturing.
Employment declined in private educational services, transportation and warehousing, and mining.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
January 2014 – January 2016
Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month
change, seasonally adjusted, January 2014 –
January 2016
Percent
Thousands
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
Jan-14 Apr-14
Jul-14
Oct-14
Jan-15 Apr-15
Jul-15
Oct-15
Jan-16
Jan-14 Apr-14
Jul-14 Oct-14 Jan-15 Apr-15
Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16
Changes to The Employment Situation Data
Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual benchmarking process and
the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. Also, household survey data for January 2016 reflect
updated population estimates. See the notes beginning on page 4 for more information about
these changes.
Household Survey Data
Both the number of unemployed persons, at 7.8 million, and the unemployment rate, at 4.9 percent,
changed little in January. Over the past 12 months, the number of unemployed persons and the
unemployment rate were down by 1.1 million and 0.8 percentage point, respectively. (See table A-1. See
the note on page 6 and tables B and C for information about annual population adjustments to the
household survey estimates.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.5 percent) and Whites (4.3
percent) declined in January. The jobless rates for adult women (4.5 percent), teenagers (16.0 percent),
Blacks (8.8 percent), Asians (3.7 percent), and Hispanics (5.9 percent) showed little change over the
month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged
in January, at 2.1 million, and has shown little movement since June. These individuals accounted for
26.9 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.)
After accounting for the annual adjustments to the population controls, the civilian labor force and total
employment, as measured by the household survey, were little changed in January. The labor force
participation rate, at 62.7 percent, was little changed. The employment-population ratio (59.6
percent) changed little over the month but was up by 0.3 percentage point since October. (See table A-1.
For additional information about the effects of the population adjustments, see table C.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 6.0 million in January but was down by 796,000
over the year. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part
time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table
A-8.)
In January, 2.1 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little different from a year
earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and
were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not
counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
(See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 623,000 discouraged workers in January, essentially
unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons
not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.5
million persons marginally attached to the labor force in January had not searched for work for reasons
such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 151,000 in January. Employment rose in several
industries, led by retail trade, food services and drinking places, health care, and manufacturing. Private
educational services and transportation and warehousing lost jobs. Mining employment continued to
decline. (See table B-1 and summary table B. See the note on page 4 and table A for information about
the annual benchmark process.)
-2-
Retail trade added 58,000 jobs in January, following essentially no change in December. Employment
rose in general merchandise stores (+15,000), electronics and appliance stores (+9,000), motor vehicle
and parts dealers (+8,000), and furniture and home furnishing stores (+7,000). Employment in retail
trade has increased by 301,000 over the past 12 months, with motor vehicle and parts dealers and
general merchandise stores accounting for nearly half of the gain.
Employment in food services and drinking places rose in January (+47,000). Over the year, the
industry has added 384,000 jobs.
Health care continued to add jobs in January (+37,000), with most of the increase occurring in hospitals
(+24,000). Health care has added 470,000 jobs over the past 12 months, with about two-fifths of the
growth occurring in hospitals.
Manufacturing added 29,000 jobs in January, following little employment change in 2015. Over the
month, job gains occurred in food manufacturing (+11,000), fabricated metal products (+7,000), and
furniture and related products (+3,000).
Employment in financial activities rose in January (+18,000). Job gains occurred in credit
intermediation and related activities (+7,000).
Private educational services lost 39,000 jobs in January due to larger than normal seasonal layoffs.
Employment in transportation and warehousing decreased by 20,000 in January. Most of the loss
occurred among couriers and messengers (-14,000), reflecting larger than usual layoffs following strong
seasonal hiring in the prior 2 months.
Employment in mining continued to decline in January (-7,000). Since reaching a peak in September
2014, employment in the industry has fallen by 146,000, or 17 percent.
Employment in professional and business services changed little in January (+9,000), after increasing
by 60,000 in December. Within the industry, professional and technical services added 25,000 jobs over
the month, in line with average monthly gains over the prior 12 months. Employment in temporary help
services edged down in January (-25,000), after edging up by the same amount in December.
Employment in other major industries, including construction, wholesale trade, and government,
changed little over the month.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.1 hour to 34.6 hours in
January. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 40.7 hours, and factory overtime was
unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.8 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 12
cents to $25.39. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.5 percent. In January, average
hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 6 cents to $21.33.
(See tables B-3 and B-8.)
-3-
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised from +252,000 to
+280,000, and the change for December was revised from +292,000 to +262,000. With these revisions,
employment gains in November and December combined were 2,000 lower than previously reported.
Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 231,000 per month. Monthly revisions result from
additional reports received from businesses since the last published estimates and the recalculation of
seasonal factors. The annual benchmark process also contributed to these revisions.
_____________
The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on Friday, March 4, 2016, at
8:30 a.m. (EST).
Revisions to Establishment Survey Data
In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today have been
benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs for March 2015. These counts are derived
principally from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), which counts jobs covered
by the Unemployment Insurance (UI) tax system. The benchmark process results in revisions to not
seasonally adjusted data from April 2014 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from January 2011 forward
are subject to revision. In addition, data for some series prior to 2011, both seasonally adjusted and
unadjusted, incorporate other revisions.
The total nonfarm employment level for March 2015 was revised downward by 206,000 (-199,000 on a
not seasonally adjusted basis, or -0.1 percent). The absolute average benchmark revision over the past 10
years is 0.3 percent.
The effect of these revisions on the underlying trend in nonfarm payroll employment was minor. For
example, the over-the-year change in total nonfarm employment for 2015 was revised from 2,650,000 to
2,735,000 (seasonally adjusted). Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment data on a
seasonally adjusted basis for January to December 2015.
All revised historical Current Employment Statistics (CES) data, as well as an article that discusses the
benchmark and post-benchmark revisions and other technical issues, can be accessed through the BLS
website at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.pdf. Information on the data released today also may be
obtained by calling (202) 691-6555.
-4-
Table A. Revisions in total nonfarm employment, January-December 2015, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Level
Year and month
As
previously
published
Over-the-month change
As revised
Difference
140,623
140,888
140,972
141,223
141,496
141,724
142,001
142,151
142,300
142,595
142,875
143,137
-170
-171
-206
-142
-129
-146
-92
-95
-91
-103
-75
-105
As
previously As revised Difference
published
2015
January……………………. 140,793
February…………………… 141,059
March....…………………… 141,178
April....…………………… 141,365
May......…………………… 141,625
June.....………………………141,870
July.....……………………… 142,093
August...…………………… 142,246
September………………… 142,391
October..…………………… 142,698
November.………………… 142,950
December (p)……...……… 143,242
p = preliminary.
-5-
201
266
119
187
260
245
223
153
145
307
252
292
221
265
84
251
273
228
277
150
149
295
280
262
20
-1
-35
64
13
-17
54
-3
4
-12
28
-30
Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey
Effective with data for January 2016, updated population estimates have been used in the household
survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each
year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new information and assumptions about the
growth of the population since the previous decennial census. The change in population reflected in the
new estimates results from adjustments for net international migration and updated vital statistics.
In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates for
December 2015 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustments, however,
differences in selected December 2015 labor force series based on the old and new population estimates
are shown in table B.
The adjustments increased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in December by
265,000, the civilian labor force by 218,000, employment by 206,000, and unemployment by 12,000.
The number of persons not in the labor force was increased by 47,000. The total unemployment rate,
employment-population ratio, and labor force participation rate were unaffected.
Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments can affect the comparability of
household data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population
estimates on the comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2015 and January
2016. Additional information on the population adjustments and their effect on national labor force
estimates is available at www.bls.gov/cps/population-control-adjustments-2016.pdf.
Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2015 estimates by sex, race,
and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Category
Civilian noninstitutional population……
Civilian labor force…………………
Participation rate………………
Employed…………………………
Employment-population ratio……
Unemployed………………………
Unemployment rate……………
Not in labor force…………………
Total
265
218
0.0
206
0.0
12
0.0
47
Men
Women
157
138
0.0
131
0.0
8
0.0
18
108
79
0.0
76
0.0
4
0.0
28
White
73
86
0.0
82
0.1
4
0.0
-13
Black or
African
American
47
38
0.0
34
0.1
3
0.0
8
Asian
125
80
0.0
76
0.0
3
0.0
46
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or
African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose
ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
-6-
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
36
25
0.0
25
0.0
0
0.0
10
Table C. December 2015-January 2016 changes in selected labor force measures,
with adjustments for population control effects
(Numbers in thousands)
Category
Dec.-Jan. change,
as published
Civilian noninstitutional population………
Civilian labor force…………………
Participation rate…………………
Employed…………………………
Employment-population ratio……
Unemployed………………………
Unemployment rate………………
Not in labor force……………………
461
502
0.1
615
0.1
-113
-0.1
-41
2016 population
control effect
Dec.-Jan. change,
after removing the
population control
effect ¹
265
218
0.0
206
0.0
12
0.0
47
196
284
0.1
409
0.1
-125
-0.1
-88
¹ This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the
over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates.
NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
Change to The Employment Situation News Release
The establishment survey published additional industry employment data in this month’s news
release. Table B-1 now includes both seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted
employment for 27 additional industries. More information about these series is available at
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesnewseries.htm.
-7-
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Change from:
Dec. 2015Jan. 2016
Jan.
2016
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
249,723
157,025
62.9
148,104
59.3
8,920
5.7
92,699
251,747
157,367
62.5
149,444
59.4
7,924
5.0
94,380
251,936
157,833
62.6
149,929
59.5
7,904
5.0
94,103
252,397
158,335
62.7
150,544
59.6
7,791
4.9
94,062
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .
5.7
5.3
5.0
18.9
4.9
10.3
4.0
6.7
5.0
4.7
4.6
15.6
4.4
9.4
3.9
6.4
5.0
4.7
4.4
16.1
4.5
8.3
4.0
6.3
4.9
4.5
4.5
16.0
4.3
8.8
3.7
5.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. .
4.6
8.6
5.4
5.2
2.8
4.1
6.8
5.4
4.4
2.5
4.0
6.7
5.6
4.1
2.5
4.0
7.4
5.3
4.2
2.5
–
–
–
–
–
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .
4,246
851
2,836
1,026
3,873
800
2,449
847
3,796
821
2,476
858
3,664
766
2,468
827
–
–
–
–
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .
2,390
2,332
1,371
2,776
2,412
2,253
1,270
2,054
2,405
2,192
1,235
2,085
2,249
2,282
1,135
2,089
–
–
–
–
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . ....................................... .
6,784
4,011
2,431
19,835
6,085
3,536
2,221
20,171
6,022
3,548
2,172
20,243
5,988
3,544
2,134
20,311
–
–
–
–
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .
2,234
682
1,717
594
1,833
663
2,089
623
–
–
- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
221
214
60
-7
50
17
10
3.2
7
154
7.9
33.2
1.3
0.0
1
20
10
-11.4
54
61.9
23
4
7
280
279
53
-15
65
3
-12
-4.0
15
226
9.7
51.8
11.8
2.2
-18
18
48
0.7
45
42.4
46
11
1
262
251
54
-7
48
13
1
-0.3
12
197
5.1
-0.8
17.0
0.6
8
10
60
25.1
54
44.8
31
12
11
151
158
40
-7
18
29
17
3.5
12
118
8.8
57.7
-20.3
-0.3
1
18
9
-25.2
6
44.0
44
-5
-7
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
281
272
241
248
279
278
231
229
Category
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
49.3
47.8
82.5
49.4
47.9
82.4
49.4
47.9
82.4
49.4
48.0
82.4
34.6
$24.76
$856.70
103.1
0.2
122.0
0.8
34.5
$25.27
$871.82
104.6
0.2
126.4
0.5
34.5
$25.27
$871.82
104.9
0.3
126.7
0.2
34.6
$25.39
$878.49
105.3
0.4
127.8
0.9
62.4
63.3
62.2
55.1
62.2
55.1
59.5
63.9
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the
month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than
on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including
pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates
typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some
employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed,
while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees
who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll
employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th
of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page,
please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES;
establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000
eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the
CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and
government agencies, representing approximately 623,000
individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry
data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that contains
the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the
reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime
during the 4-week period ending with the reference week.
Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no
way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of
unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as
employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The
unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted
in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production
and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging,
construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory
employees in private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the
2012 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:

The household survey includes agricultural
workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.

The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.

The household survey is limited to workers 16 years
of age and older. The establishment survey is not
limited by age.

The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and
the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number
of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about
20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying
employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal
employment changes at the end and beginning of the school
year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make
underlying employment patterns more discernable. The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with
which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic
activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such
as total payroll employment, employment in most major
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the
adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the
duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment
survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the
estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from
one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on
the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000
(50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that
there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased
that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment
rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case,
it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an
unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent
confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment
as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents
in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made
by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns;
for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received,
that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains
from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This
procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death
employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model
designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment
not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time
series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived
from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and
deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy
for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past
decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from
-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
249,723
156,050
62.5
146,552
58.7
9,498
6.1
93,674
6,467
251,936
157,245
62.4
149,703
59.4
7,542
4.8
94,691
5,705
252,397
157,347
62.3
149,037
59.0
8,309
5.3
95,051
6,166
249,723
157,025
62.9
148,104
59.3
8,920
5.7
92,699
6,333
251,325
156,867
62.4
148,942
59.3
7,925
5.1
94,458
5,944
251,541
157,096
62.5
149,197
59.3
7,899
5.0
94,446
6,039
251,747
157,367
62.5
149,444
59.4
7,924
5.0
94,380
5,637
251,936
157,833
62.6
149,929
59.5
7,904
5.0
94,103
5,886
252,397
158,335
62.7
150,544
59.6
7,791
4.9
94,062
5,973
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120,559
82,851
68.7
77,477
64.3
5,374
6.5
37,708
121,671
83,439
68.6
79,158
65.1
4,280
5.1
38,233
121,926
83,360
68.4
78,792
64.6
4,569
5.5
38,566
120,559
83,689
69.4
78,833
65.4
4,855
5.8
36,870
121,365
83,430
68.7
79,148
65.2
4,282
5.1
37,935
121,474
83,505
68.7
79,225
65.2
4,279
5.1
37,969
121,577
83,503
68.7
79,182
65.1
4,321
5.2
38,074
121,671
83,876
68.9
79,546
65.4
4,330
5.2
37,795
121,926
84,238
69.1
80,104
65.7
4,134
4.9
37,688
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112,117
80,179
71.5
75,364
67.2
4,815
6.0
31,938
113,241
80,663
71.2
76,827
67.8
3,836
4.8
32,578
113,483
80,731
71.1
76,644
67.5
4,087
5.1
32,753
112,117
80,737
72.0
76,472
68.2
4,265
5.3
31,380
112,940
80,578
71.3
76,775
68.0
3,803
4.7
32,363
113,049
80,660
71.3
76,857
68.0
3,803
4.7
32,389
113,149
80,623
71.3
76,823
67.9
3,800
4.7
32,526
113,241
80,927
71.5
77,119
68.1
3,808
4.7
32,314
113,483
81,333
71.7
77,704
68.5
3,629
4.5
32,151
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129,165
73,199
56.7
69,075
53.5
4,124
5.6
55,966
130,265
73,807
56.7
70,544
54.2
3,262
4.4
56,458
130,471
73,986
56.7
70,246
53.8
3,741
5.1
56,485
129,165
73,336
56.8
69,271
53.6
4,065
5.5
55,829
129,960
73,437
56.5
69,794
53.7
3,643
5.0
56,523
130,067
73,591
56.6
69,971
53.8
3,620
4.9
56,476
130,170
73,865
56.7
70,262
54.0
3,603
4.9
56,305
130,265
73,957
56.8
70,383
54.0
3,574
4.8
56,308
130,471
74,097
56.8
70,440
54.0
3,657
4.9
56,374
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120,970
70,554
58.3
66,894
55.3
3,660
5.2
50,416
122,071
71,055
58.2
68,131
55.8
2,924
4.1
51,016
122,263
71,242
58.3
67,904
55.5
3,338
4.7
51,022
120,970
70,491
58.3
66,932
55.3
3,559
5.0
50,479
121,773
70,679
58.0
67,465
55.4
3,214
4.5
51,094
121,880
70,833
58.1
67,624
55.5
3,209
4.5
51,047
121,979
71,139
58.3
67,891
55.7
3,249
4.6
50,840
122,071
71,069
58.2
67,911
55.6
3,157
4.4
51,002
122,263
71,171
58.2
67,940
55.6
3,231
4.5
51,092
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16,636
5,317
32.0
4,294
25.8
1,023
19.2
11,320
16,624
5,527
33.2
4,745
28.5
782
14.2
11,096
16,651
5,375
32.3
4,490
27.0
885
16.5
11,276
16,636
5,797
34.8
4,700
28.3
1,096
18.9
10,840
16,612
5,610
33.8
4,702
28.3
908
16.2
11,002
16,612
5,603
33.7
4,715
28.4
887
15.8
11,010
16,619
5,605
33.7
4,729
28.5
875
15.6
11,014
16,624
5,837
35.1
4,899
29.5
938
16.1
10,787
16,651
5,832
35.0
4,901
29.4
931
16.0
10,819
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
196,307
123,199
62.8
116,637
59.4
6,562
5.3
73,109
197,471
123,401
62.5
118,157
59.8
5,244
4.2
74,070
197,639
123,578
62.5
117,800
59.6
5,779
4.7
74,061
196,307
124,067
63.2
118,019
60.1
6,048
4.9
72,241
197,152
123,180
62.5
117,812
59.8
5,368
4.4
73,973
197,271
123,375
62.5
117,978
59.8
5,396
4.4
73,896
197,377
123,496
62.6
118,115
59.8
5,381
4.4
73,881
197,471
123,815
62.7
118,295
59.9
5,520
4.5
73,656
197,639
124,362
62.9
119,029
60.2
5,333
4.3
73,277
64,377
71.9
61,016
68.1
3,361
5.2
64,506
71.5
61,788
68.5
2,718
4.2
64,515
71.5
61,611
68.2
2,904
4.5
64,864
72.4
61,961
69.2
2,902
4.5
64,541
71.7
61,874
68.7
2,668
4.1
64,563
71.7
61,921
68.7
2,642
4.1
64,503
71.6
61,884
68.7
2,619
4.1
64,691
71.7
61,988
68.7
2,702
4.2
65,002
72.0
62,482
69.2
2,520
3.9
54,635
57.9
52,140
55.2
2,495
4.6
54,560
57.4
52,596
55.4
1,964
3.6
54,811
57.7
52,570
55.3
2,242
4.1
54,640
57.9
52,242
55.3
2,398
4.4
54,227
57.2
52,134
55.0
2,093
3.9
54,431
57.4
52,284
55.1
2,147
3.9
54,638
57.6
52,466
55.3
2,172
4.0
54,521
57.4
52,391
55.2
2,130
3.9
54,753
57.6
52,603
55.4
2,150
3.9
4,186
33.9
3,481
28.2
706
16.9
4,335
35.2
3,773
30.6
562
13.0
4,252
34.5
3,619
29.4
633
14.9
4,563
37.0
3,816
30.9
748
16.4
4,411
35.8
3,804
30.9
607
13.8
4,381
35.6
3,773
30.7
608
13.9
4,355
35.4
3,765
30.6
590
13.5
4,603
37.4
3,916
31.8
687
14.9
4,607
37.4
3,944
32.0
663
14.4
31,188
18,895
60.6
16,877
54.1
2,018
10.7
12,293
31,594
19,359
61.3
17,795
56.3
1,565
8.1
12,235
31,679
19,355
61.1
17,602
55.6
1,753
9.1
12,324
31,188
19,048
61.1
17,086
54.8
1,962
10.3
12,140
31,479
19,364
61.5
17,573
55.8
1,791
9.2
12,115
31,518
19,402
61.6
17,623
55.9
1,779
9.2
12,116
31,557
19,447
61.6
17,628
55.9
1,819
9.4
12,110
31,594
19,442
61.5
17,819
56.4
1,623
8.3
12,152
31,679
19,536
61.7
17,821
56.3
1,716
8.8
12,143
8,633
66.8
7,652
59.2
981
11.4
8,759
66.7
7,994
60.9
764
8.7
8,778
66.6
7,983
60.6
795
9.1
8,677
67.1
7,772
60.1
905
10.4
8,751
66.9
7,971
60.9
780
8.9
8,770
66.9
7,964
60.8
806
9.2
8,752
66.7
7,885
60.1
867
9.9
8,780
66.8
8,017
61.0
763
8.7
8,844
67.1
8,101
61.5
743
8.4
9,638
61.2
8,792
55.8
847
8.8
9,890
61.9
9,240
57.9
650
6.6
9,927
62.0
9,134
57.1
792
8.0
9,678
61.4
8,826
56.0
852
8.8
9,892
62.2
9,107
57.2
785
7.9
9,956
62.5
9,154
57.5
802
8.1
10,009
62.8
9,218
57.8
791
7.9
9,928
62.2
9,241
57.9
686
6.9
9,970
62.3
9,179
57.4
791
7.9
624
24.9
433
17.3
191
30.6
710
28.5
560
22.5
150
21.2
650
26.0
484
19.4
166
25.5
693
27.7
488
19.5
205
29.6
721
29.0
495
19.9
226
31.3
677
27.2
505
20.3
172
25.4
686
27.6
525
21.1
161
23.5
734
29.5
560
22.5
174
23.7
722
28.9
540
21.7
182
25.2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jan.
2015
14,253
8,895
62.4
8,530
59.8
365
4.1
5,359
Dec.
2015
14,553
9,185
63.1
8,821
60.6
365
4.0
5,367
Jan.
2016
14,816
9,189
62.0
8,846
59.7
343
3.7
5,627
Jan.
2015
14,253
8,901
62.5
8,544
59.9
357
4.0
5,352
Sept.
2015
14,508
9,042
62.3
8,711
60.0
331
3.7
5,466
Oct.
2015
14,440
8,955
62.0
8,637
59.8
318
3.5
5,485
Nov.
2015
14,476
9,132
63.1
8,778
60.6
354
3.9
5,344
Dec.
2015
14,553
9,168
63.0
8,805
60.5
363
4.0
5,385
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.
Jan.
2016
14,816
9,192
62.0
8,856
59.8
337
3.7
5,623
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
39,165
25,956
66.3
23,998
61.3
1,958
7.5
13,208
40,090
26,210
65.4
24,591
61.3
1,619
6.2
13,881
40,215
26,353
65.5
24,605
61.2
1,747
6.6
13,862
39,165
26,055
66.5
24,302
62.1
1,753
6.7
13,110
39,828
26,074
65.5
24,410
61.3
1,664
6.4
13,754
39,916
26,200
65.6
24,535
61.5
1,665
6.4
13,716
40,005
26,225
65.6
24,543
61.3
1,682
6.4
13,780
40,090
26,270
65.5
24,614
61.4
1,655
6.3
13,821
40,215
26,451
65.8
24,893
61.9
1,558
5.9
13,764
14,426
81.8
13,413
76.0
1,013
7.0
14,475
80.1
13,639
75.4
835
5.8
14,532
80.2
13,658
75.3
874
6.0
14,483
82.1
13,644
77.3
839
5.8
14,471
80.6
13,676
76.2
795
5.5
14,464
80.4
13,723
76.2
741
5.1
14,377
79.7
13,601
75.4
776
5.4
14,454
79.9
13,659
75.6
795
5.5
14,590
80.5
13,878
76.5
712
4.9
10,364
58.1
9,677
54.3
687
6.6
10,608
58.0
9,979
54.6
629
5.9
10,655
58.1
9,993
54.5
662
6.2
10,353
58.1
9,706
54.4
647
6.2
10,511
57.9
9,844
54.2
667
6.3
10,643
58.5
9,961
54.7
682
6.4
10,754
59.0
10,031
55.0
723
6.7
10,646
58.2
9,978
54.6
668
6.3
10,649
58.0
10,022
54.6
627
5.9
1,165
31.6
908
24.6
257
22.1
1,127
30.2
972
26.1
154
13.7
1,166
31.2
955
25.6
211
18.1
1,219
33.1
952
25.8
267
21.9
1,093
29.4
889
23.9
203
18.6
1,093
29.4
851
22.9
242
22.1
1,095
29.4
912
24.5
183
16.7
1,170
31.3
977
26.2
193
16.5
1,212
32.5
994
26.6
218
18.0
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,353
45.7
10,226
41.1
1,126
9.9
10,810
45.3
10,067
42.2
742
6.9
11,030
46.0
10,079
42.0
951
8.6
11,405
45.9
10,428
41.9
976
8.6
10,597
44.8
9,779
41.3
818
7.7
10,729
45.7
9,946
42.4
784
7.3
10,958
45.7
10,210
42.6
748
6.8
10,847
45.4
10,125
42.4
722
6.7
11,037
46.0
10,221
42.6
816
7.4
High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35,238
57.6
33,083
54.1
2,155
6.1
34,720
56.9
32,765
53.7
1,955
5.6
35,195
57.5
33,121
54.1
2,073
5.9
35,472
58.0
33,540
54.9
1,932
5.4
35,220
56.9
33,370
53.9
1,850
5.3
35,354
57.1
33,492
54.1
1,861
5.3
35,224
57.2
33,315
54.1
1,910
5.4
34,744
57.0
32,812
53.8
1,933
5.6
35,347
57.8
33,475
54.7
1,872
5.3
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37,208
66.7
35,118
63.0
2,090
5.6
37,679
66.2
36,179
63.6
1,500
4.0
37,952
66.2
36,220
63.2
1,732
4.6
37,447
67.2
35,491
63.7
1,955
5.2
37,330
66.2
35,724
63.3
1,607
4.3
37,464
66.2
35,838
63.3
1,626
4.3
37,610
66.7
35,957
63.8
1,653
4.4
37,869
66.5
36,304
63.8
1,565
4.1
38,098
66.5
36,493
63.7
1,605
4.2
Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51,695
74.7
50,212
72.5
1,483
2.9
53,202
74.2
51,970
72.5
1,231
2.3
52,806
73.9
51,458
72.1
1,348
2.6
51,548
74.4
50,097
72.3
1,452
2.8
52,711
74.4
51,408
72.6
1,303
2.5
52,697
74.2
51,366
72.3
1,331
2.5
52,757
74.0
51,451
72.1
1,306
2.5
53,054
74.0
51,746
72.2
1,307
2.5
52,674
73.8
51,358
71.9
1,316
2.5
1
Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service
Jan.
2015
Men
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Women
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,352
10,802
50.6
10,232
47.9
570
5.3
10,550
21,034
10,709
50.9
10,206
48.5
503
4.7
10,325
19,363
9,509
49.1
9,019
46.6
489
5.1
9,854
19,028
9,465
49.7
9,030
47.5
435
4.6
9,563
1,989
1,294
65.0
1,213
61.0
80
6.2
695
2,006
1,245
62.0
1,177
58.7
68
5.4
761
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,465
2,754
79.5
2,536
73.2
219
7.9
711
3,802
3,155
83.0
2,975
78.3
179
5.7
647
2,850
2,310
81.0
2,118
74.3
191
8.3
540
3,119
2,629
84.3
2,491
79.9
138
5.3
490
615
445
72.3
417
67.8
27
6.2
171
683
525
76.9
484
70.9
41
7.9
158
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,471
2,853
82.2
2,741
79.0
112
3.9
618
3,350
2,710
80.9
2,607
77.8
103
3.8
641
2,938
2,443
83.1
2,358
80.3
85
3.5
495
2,851
2,349
82.4
2,256
79.1
94
4.0
502
533
410
77.0
382
71.8
27
6.7
123
499
360
72.2
351
70.4
9
2.5
138
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,091
2,463
27.1
2,338
25.7
125
5.1
6,628
8,673
2,215
25.5
2,125
24.5
90
4.1
6,458
8,768
2,372
27.0
2,254
25.7
118
5.0
6,396
8,363
2,138
25.6
2,056
24.6
82
3.8
6,225
323
91
28.2
84
26.1
7
7.6
232
310
77
24.8
68
22.1
9
11.1
233
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,325
2,732
51.3
2,618
49.2
114
4.2
2,593
5,209
2,630
50.5
2,500
48.0
131
5.0
2,579
4,807
2,385
49.6
2,289
47.6
96
4.0
2,422
4,695
2,349
50.0
2,227
47.4
122
5.2
2,346
518
348
67.1
329
63.6
18
5.3
170
514
282
54.8
273
53.1
9
3.2
232
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
219,511
143,425
65.3
134,845
61.4
8,580
6.0
76,086
222,523
144,803
65.1
137,316
61.7
7,486
5.2
77,720
96,751
72,474
74.9
67,765
70.0
4,709
6.5
24,277
98,416
73,011
74.2
69,049
70.2
3,962
5.4
25,405
122,761
70,951
57.8
67,080
54.6
3,871
5.5
51,810
124,107
71,792
57.8
68,268
55.0
3,524
4.9
52,315
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
Persons with no disability
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed.............. . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
29,213
5,722
19.6
5,041
17.3
681
11.9
23,491
29,022
5,650
19.5
5,039
17.4
611
10.8
23,373
220,510
150,327
68.2
141,511
64.2
8,816
5.9
70,183
223,375
151,697
67.9
143,999
64.5
7,698
5.1
71,678
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed.............. . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
2,545
33.6
2,220
29.4
324
12.7
5,019
2,389
32.2
2,074
28.0
315
13.2
5,021
75,687
81.7
70,856
76.5
4,832
6.4
16,962
76,138
81.5
72,084
77.2
4,053
5.3
17,242
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed.............. . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
2,211
28.0
1,904
24.2
306
13.9
5,673
2,237
28.4
1,990
25.3
247
11.0
5,629
66,997
69.9
63,337
66.1
3,660
5.5
28,851
67,667
70.2
64,346
66.7
3,321
4.9
28,753
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed.............. . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
967
7.0
916
6.7
51
5.3
12,800
1,024
7.4
975
7.1
49
4.8
12,723
7,643
23.9
7,318
22.9
324
4.2
24,370
7,892
23.5
7,569
22.5
324
4.1
25,684
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity
Jan.
2015
Men
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Women
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
39,967
26,073
65.2
24,553
61.4
1,520
5.8
13,894
41,028
26,681
65.0
25,328
61.7
1,353
5.1
14,347
19,524
15,228
78.0
14,351
73.5
877
5.8
4,296
20,068
15,576
77.6
14,824
73.9
752
4.8
4,492
20,443
10,845
53.1
10,202
49.9
643
5.9
9,598
20,960
11,105
53.0
10,503
50.1
601
5.4
9,856
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed.............. . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
209,756
129,977
62.0
121,999
58.2
7,978
6.1
79,780
211,369
130,665
61.8
123,710
58.5
6,956
5.3
80,704
101,035
67,623
66.9
63,126
62.5
4,497
6.7
33,412
101,858
67,784
66.5
63,967
62.8
3,817
5.6
34,074
108,722
62,354
57.4
58,873
54.2
3,480
5.6
46,368
109,511
62,882
57.4
59,742
54.6
3,139
5.0
46,629
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
2,234
1,410
802
22
144,317
135,748
20,555
115,193
937
114,257
8,512
57
2,273
1,482
760
32
147,430
138,989
20,905
118,083
735
117,348
8,386
55
2,200
1,381
792
27
146,838
138,298
20,956
117,342
714
116,628
8,500
39
2,417
1,563
840
–
145,683
136,853
20,294
116,567
–
115,658
8,743
–
2,368
1,516
821
–
146,535
137,999
20,558
117,503
–
116,727
8,356
–
2,394
1,568
804
–
146,864
138,182
20,597
117,509
–
116,711
8,639
–
2,424
1,557
822
–
147,110
138,478
21,088
117,368
–
116,626
8,593
–
2,411
1,562
814
–
147,587
139,054
20,824
118,193
–
117,432
8,551
–
2,385
1,538
827
–
148,115
139,371
20,715
118,690
–
118,025
8,699
–
7,269
4,450
2,353
20,033
6,179
3,678
2,129
20,585
6,406
3,941
2,054
20,554
6,784
4,011
2,431
19,835
6,034
3,563
2,123
19,997
5,761
3,289
2,189
20,179
6,085
3,536
2,221
20,171
6,022
3,548
2,172
20,243
5,988
3,544
2,134
20,311
7,125
4,372
2,338
19,681
6,046
3,594
2,123
20,294
6,234
3,851
2,038
20,265
6,667
3,938
2,417
19,435
5,942
3,507
2,098
19,687
5,702
3,264
2,176
19,817
5,970
3,469
2,208
19,783
5,910
3,482
2,161
19,932
5,851
3,467
2,116
19,973
Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
146,552
4,294
1,474
2,819
142,258
13,618
128,640
95,834
32,309
31,005
32,520
32,806
149,703
4,745
1,594
3,151
144,958
13,975
130,983
96,968
32,987
31,430
32,551
34,014
149,037
4,490
1,515
2,975
144,547
13,669
130,878
97,047
33,096
31,366
32,584
33,832
148,104
4,700
1,646
3,059
143,404
14,012
129,406
96,445
32,563
31,157
32,724
32,961
148,942
4,702
1,625
3,073
144,240
13,975
130,191
96,759
32,806
31,355
32,598
33,432
149,197
4,715
1,577
3,130
144,481
14,034
130,518
96,721
32,793
31,360
32,568
33,796
149,444
4,729
1,559
3,142
144,714
13,920
130,837
96,960
32,814
31,361
32,785
33,877
149,929
4,899
1,648
3,232
145,030
14,061
130,995
96,976
32,891
31,466
32,620
34,019
150,544
4,901
1,669
3,222
145,644
14,056
131,597
97,583
33,320
31,511
32,752
34,014
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
77,477
2,113
692
1,420
75,364
6,915
68,449
51,186
17,458
16,641
17,087
17,263
79,158
2,332
761
1,570
76,827
7,090
69,737
51,774
17,777
16,882
17,115
17,963
78,792
2,148
713
1,435
76,644
6,915
69,728
51,865
17,823
16,853
17,189
17,864
78,833
2,362
802
1,565
76,472
7,200
69,243
51,792
17,707
16,810
17,274
17,452
79,148
2,373
800
1,576
76,775
7,112
69,631
51,945
17,743
16,946
17,257
17,686
79,225
2,368
778
1,595
76,857
7,151
69,766
51,836
17,730
16,914
17,192
17,931
79,182
2,358
781
1,571
76,823
7,026
69,767
51,862
17,732
16,829
17,302
17,905
79,546
2,427
780
1,631
77,119
7,173
69,945
51,935
17,785
16,933
17,217
18,010
80,104
2,400
813
1,587
77,704
7,191
70,500
52,436
18,069
17,010
17,357
18,064
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69,075
2,181
782
1,399
66,894
6,703
60,191
44,648
14,852
14,364
15,432
15,543
70,544
2,413
833
1,580
68,131
6,885
61,246
45,194
15,210
14,548
15,437
16,051
70,246
2,342
801
1,540
67,904
6,754
61,150
45,182
15,273
14,514
15,396
15,968
69,271
2,339
845
1,494
66,932
6,812
60,163
44,653
14,856
14,347
15,450
15,510
69,794
2,329
825
1,497
67,465
6,863
60,560
44,813
15,064
14,409
15,341
15,747
69,971
2,347
799
1,535
67,624
6,883
60,752
44,886
15,064
14,445
15,377
15,866
70,262
2,371
778
1,571
67,891
6,894
61,070
45,098
15,082
14,533
15,483
15,972
70,383
2,472
868
1,601
67,911
6,888
61,051
45,042
15,106
14,533
15,403
16,009
70,440
2,501
856
1,635
67,940
6,865
61,096
45,147
15,250
14,501
15,395
15,950
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
44,555
34,929
9,300
45,162
35,318
9,853
44,942
35,046
9,753
44,866
34,853
–
44,907
35,023
–
44,858
35,146
–
44,816
35,185
–
45,187
35,080
–
45,231
34,997
–
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
118,840
27,712
122,013
27,689
121,411
27,627
120,662
27,484
121,873
27,009
122,054
27,209
122,099
27,332
122,603
27,359
123,141
27,364
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,289
5.0
7,855
5.2
7,314
4.9
7,464
5.0
7,351
4.9
7,452
5.0
7,414
5.0
7,738
5.2
7,504
5.0
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,483
9,315
5,842
9,146
5,796
9,291
–
9,583
–
9,177
–
9,443
–
9,415
–
9,364
–
9,526
1
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,920
1,096
403
675
7,824
1,511
6,273
4,866
2,025
1,436
1,405
1,428
7,904
938
346
581
6,966
1,460
5,507
4,399
1,853
1,320
1,226
1,132
7,791
931
364
566
6,860
1,252
5,554
4,287
1,783
1,301
1,203
1,290
5.7
18.9
19.7
18.1
5.2
9.7
4.6
4.8
5.9
4.4
4.1
4.2
5.1
16.2
17.6
15.8
4.6
9.2
4.1
4.2
5.1
4.0
3.4
3.8
5.0
15.8
18.0
14.8
4.6
9.4
4.1
4.4
5.3
4.1
3.6
3.5
5.0
15.6
17.1
15.2
4.6
9.6
4.1
4.3
5.5
3.9
3.3
3.7
5.0
16.1
17.4
15.2
4.6
9.4
4.0
4.3
5.3
4.0
3.6
3.2
4.9
16.0
17.9
14.9
4.5
8.2
4.0
4.2
5.1
4.0
3.5
3.7
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,855
590
206
373
4,265
927
3,321
2,562
1,083
779
700
759
4,330
522
202
305
3,808
824
2,994
2,344
1,050
678
616
650
4,134
505
200
305
3,629
712
2,881
2,181
945
639
597
700
5.8
20.0
20.5
19.3
5.3
11.4
4.6
4.7
5.8
4.4
3.9
4.2
5.1
16.8
19.0
16.1
4.7
10.4
4.1
4.1
5.2
3.7
3.4
4.0
5.1
16.7
20.2
15.1
4.7
10.6
4.1
4.3
5.5
3.8
3.5
3.4
5.2
18.1
19.1
17.8
4.7
11.2
4.0
4.2
5.6
3.7
3.2
3.7
5.2
17.7
20.6
15.8
4.7
10.3
4.1
4.3
5.6
3.9
3.5
3.5
4.9
17.4
19.8
16.1
4.5
9.0
3.9
4.0
5.0
3.6
3.3
3.7
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,065
506
197
302
3,559
584
2,952
2,304
942
657
706
660
3,574
416
144
276
3,157
636
2,513
2,054
803
642
610
520
3,657
425
164
261
3,231
540
2,672
2,106
838
662
606
580
5.5
17.8
18.9
16.8
5.0
7.9
4.7
4.9
6.0
4.4
4.4
4.1
5.0
15.6
16.2
15.4
4.5
7.9
4.1
4.3
5.0
4.4
3.4
3.6
4.9
14.9
15.8
14.4
4.5
8.1
4.1
4.4
5.1
4.5
3.7
3.4
4.9
13.0
15.1
12.5
4.6
7.9
4.2
4.4
5.4
4.3
3.4
3.6
4.8
14.4
14.2
14.7
4.4
8.5
4.0
4.4
5.0
4.2
3.8
3.1
4.9
14.5
16.1
13.8
4.5
7.3
4.2
4.5
5.2
4.4
3.8
3.5
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present..................... .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,362
1,203
824
1,259
1,095
607
1,219
1,081
744
2.9
3.3
8.1
2.8
3.0
7.1
2.8
3.0
7.5
2.7
3.1
6.9
2.7
3.0
5.8
2.6
3.0
7.1
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,479
1,426
6,576
1,331
6,340
1,444
5.8
4.9
5.1
4.8
5.1
4.6
5.1
4.9
5.1
4.6
4.9
5.0
1
Not seasonally adjusted.
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
3
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
4,912
1,328
3,584
2,491
1,093
868
2,832
885
3,820
1,000
2,820
2,006
814
762
2,239
721
4,287
1,314
2,974
1,986
988
774
2,537
711
4,246
919
3,327
2,357
970
851
2,836
1,026
3,883
901
2,982
2,139
843
778
2,443
832
3,944
936
3,007
2,115
893
790
2,435
812
3,873
939
2,934
2,112
822
800
2,449
847
3,796
937
2,859
2,044
815
821
2,476
858
3,664
923
2,741
1,876
865
766
2,468
827
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
51.7
14.0
37.7
9.1
29.8
9.3
50.6
13.3
37.4
10.1
29.7
9.6
51.6
15.8
35.8
9.3
30.5
8.6
47.4
10.3
37.1
9.5
31.7
11.4
48.9
11.3
37.6
9.8
30.8
10.5
49.4
11.7
37.7
9.9
30.5
10.2
48.6
11.8
36.8
10.0
30.7
10.6
47.7
11.8
36.0
10.3
31.1
10.8
47.4
11.9
35.5
9.9
31.9
10.7
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
3.1
0.6
1.8
0.6
2.4
0.5
1.4
0.5
2.7
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.7
0.5
1.8
0.7
2.5
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.5
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.5
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.4
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.3
0.5
1.6
0.5
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,780
2,468
4,250
1,396
2,853
2,280
2,031
3,231
1,206
2,025
2,574
2,438
3,297
1,144
2,153
2,390
2,332
4,147
1,371
2,776
2,373
2,211
3,337
1,228
2,109
2,339
2,295
3,359
1,227
2,132
2,412
2,253
3,324
1,270
2,054
2,405
2,192
3,320
1,235
2,085
2,249
2,282
3,224
1,135
2,089
Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30.3
12.3
27.6
10.9
27.6
10.5
32.0
13.4
26.3
11.3
28.0
11.1
27.9
10.7
27.6
10.5
28.9
10.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29.3
26.0
44.7
14.7
30.0
30.2
26.9
42.8
16.0
26.9
31.0
29.3
39.7
13.8
25.9
27.0
26.3
46.8
15.5
31.3
30.0
27.9
42.1
15.5
26.6
29.3
28.7
42.0
15.4
26.7
30.2
28.2
41.6
15.9
25.7
30.4
27.7
41.9
15.6
26.3
29.0
29.4
41.6
14.6
26.9
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations......... . . . . . . . . . . ................................. .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Unemployed
Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
146,552
57,367
149,037
59,014
9,498
1,741
8,309
1,404
6.1
2.9
5.3
2.3
23,447
33,920
25,342
33,114
15,394
17,721
24,829
34,185
25,739
33,579
15,571
18,007
721
1,020
2,082
1,941
950
991
572
832
1,766
1,870
822
1,049
3.0
2.9
7.6
5.5
5.8
5.3
2.3
2.4
6.4
5.3
5.0
5.5
13,007
983
7,190
4,834
13,327
906
7,465
4,955
1,433
212
901
320
1,249
166
863
220
9.9
17.7
11.1
6.2
8.6
15.5
10.4
4.3
17,722
8,573
9,149
17,379
8,340
9,040
1,379
642
737
1,281
541
739
7.2
7.0
7.5
6.9
6.1
7.6
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker
Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing......... . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
9,498
7,334
64
811
811
480
331
1,289
330
128
279
1,069
898
1,260
394
206
604
467
8,309
6,496
79
729
669
426
243
1,230
337
129
295
886
751
1,056
336
196
512
394
6.1
6.0
6.0
9.8
5.2
4.9
5.8
6.2
5.2
4.4
3.0
6.8
4.0
9.4
6.1
13.3
2.8
4.7
5.3
5.2
8.1
8.5
4.3
4.4
4.2
6.0
5.1
4.6
3.1
5.6
3.2
7.7
5.2
13.0
2.4
4.0
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,
as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
2.7
2.1
2.1
2.6
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.0
3.1
2.4
2.7
2.7
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.3
6.1
4.8
5.3
5.7
5.1
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.9
6.5
5.2
5.7
6.1
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.3
7.4
5.9
6.5
7.0
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.2
12.0
9.8
10.5
11.3
10.0
9.8
9.9
9.9
9.9
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category
Jan.
2015
Men
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Women
Jan.
2016
Jan.
2015
Jan.
2016
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .
93,674
6,467
2,234
682
1,552
95,051
6,166
2,089
623
1,466
37,708
3,030
1,215
463
751
38,566
2,939
1,172
413
759
55,966
3,437
1,019
219
800
56,485
3,227
917
210
707
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4. . . . . . . . . ................................... .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,289
5.0
3,927
1,929
172
1,222
7,314
4.9
3,925
1,976
232
1,122
3,556
4.6
2,185
609
87
658
3,560
4.5
2,162
676
130
560
3,734
5.4
1,742
1,321
85
564
3,754
5.3
1,763
1,300
102
562
1
Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
138,511
116,688
19,033
144,122
121,611
19,747
144,112
121,705
19,593
141,123
119,230
19,215
140,623
118,669
19,552
142,875
120,847
19,634
143,137
121,098
19,688
143,288
121,256
19,728
Change
from:
Dec.2015 Jan.2016p
151
158
40
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral mining and
quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
877
51.6
825.6
198.6
197.2
68.6
43.6
776
51.7
723.8
184.8
193.5
62.1
39.5
765
51.1
714.1
184.8
188.6
60.7
39.8
743
49.2
694.1
182.8
182.1
58.8
39.7
890
52.4
837.4
198.7
206.1
69.2
43.8
771
50.3
720.4
185.0
192.4
62.0
39.9
764
50.6
713.4
183.8
191.5
60.8
39.9
757
50.1
706.8
183.0
190.7
59.6
39.7
-7
-0.5
-6.6
-0.8
-0.8
-1.2
-0.2
85.0
429.8
91.9
345.5
88.1
340.7
83.6
329.2
93.1
432.6
90.6
343.0
90.8
338.1
91.3
333.1
0.5
-5.0
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .
5,953
1,351.8
655.8
696.0
826.8
3,774.3
1,621.1
2,153.2
6,654
1,446.6
712.9
733.7
968.4
4,239.4
1,842.7
2,396.7
6,508
1,434.1
706.1
728.0
908.8
4,164.7
1,813.0
2,351.7
6,218
1,395.1
685.0
710.1
833.8
3,988.9
1,739.8
2,249.1
6,351
1,411.0
687.1
723.9
931.5
4,008.0
1,734.8
2,273.2
6,549
1,428.3
702.2
726.1
939.6
4,180.9
1,821.1
2,359.8
6,597
1,439.2
708.5
730.7
943.8
4,214.2
1,842.8
2,371.4
6,615
1,452.0
716.0
736.0
938.6
4,224.4
1,855.4
2,369.0
18
12.8
7.5
5.3
-5.2
10.2
12.6
-2.4
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12,203
12,317
12,320
12,254
12,311
12,314
12,327
12,356
29
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous computer and electronic
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,710
373.1
377.7
402.6
1,462.5
1,137.2
1,048.7
159.5
89.3
7,732
385.9
403.1
385.5
1,441.7
1,105.0
1,039.8
154.8
86.3
7,732
385.2
397.3
384.4
1,442.4
1,103.3
1,041.0
156.2
85.9
7,698
378.8
389.1
384.0
1,441.6
1,097.6
1,038.9
156.7
85.2
7,764
379.1
391.7
402.6
1,472.5
1,139.5
1,052.9
159.7
89.4
7,733
383.7
400.2
385.9
1,444.4
1,106.0
1,041.4
155.5
86.2
7,734
385.5
401.3
384.5
1,444.0
1,101.9
1,041.4
156.5
85.7
7,751
384.0
403.3
384.0
1,450.5
1,099.6
1,043.2
157.4
85.3
17
-1.5
2.0
-0.5
6.5
-2.3
1.8
0.9
-0.4
368.4
394.3
366.0
397.7
365.3
398.3
365.4
396.7
370.1
396.5
366.3
398.6
365.4
398.9
366.9
398.8
1.5
-0.1
37.2
380.1
1,576.7
890.5
371.8
35.0
382.4
1,605.9
919.0
383.7
35.3
384.8
1,607.3
919.0
386.2
34.9
385.4
1,600.2
914.8
385.4
37.3
380.7
1,584.4
895.0
376.6
34.8
382.4
1,606.3
918.0
385.5
34.9
384.4
1,605.1
917.7
387.2
34.9
386.1
1,609.2
921.2
390.4
0.0
1.7
4.1
3.5
3.2
579.9
599.3
600.1
596.5
583.9
597.4
599.0
600.8
1.8
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,493
1,475.1
116.3
113.9
138.6
370.8
447.5
110.1
803.6
678.7
4,585
1,513.2
115.3
118.0
136.7
373.1
451.3
117.4
811.1
686.4
4,588
1,511.6
115.1
117.3
136.9
374.0
451.5
115.2
815.2
689.2
4,556
1,501.3
115.0
116.6
135.3
372.0
447.9
112.2
815.5
686.9
4,547
1,502.8
118.0
115.8
138.1
371.8
449.8
114.4
806.1
683.3
4,581
1,511.3
115.3
116.9
136.2
373.3
449.4
116.8
812.3
687.8
4,593
1,514.2
115.5
116.8
136.0
373.4
449.3
117.1
815.0
690.7
4,605
1,525.1
116.5
118.3
134.9
373.2
450.0
116.5
817.1
691.5
12
10.9
1.0
1.5
-1.1
-0.2
0.7
-0.6
2.1
0.8
238.7
262.2
262.4
253.4
246.6
261.5
265.0
261.4
-3.6
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97,655
101,864
102,112
100,015
99,117
101,213
101,410
101,528
118
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26,544
27,596
27,864
26,986
26,698
27,087
27,109
27,154
45
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
5,803.3
2,910.6
1,994.0
5,907.8
2,942.1
2,058.6
5,907.3
2,948.2
2,049.3
5,862.4
2,931.6
2,029.5
5,853.1
2,926.4
2,020.2
5,897.3
2,942.9
2,049.6
5,902.4
2,945.1
2,051.4
5,911.2
2,946.3
2,056.0
8.8
1.2
4.6
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Change
from:
Dec.2015 Jan.2016p
Wholesale trade - Continued
Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
898.7
907.1
909.8
901.3
906.5
904.8
905.9
908.9
3.0
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,414.9
1,876.1
1,208.6
131.3
536.2
465.8
530.8
16,168.7
1,964.2
1,265.4
145.2
553.6
485.1
555.8
16,301.3
1,963.6
1,268.6
143.0
552.0
490.2
553.8
15,717.3
1,956.2
1,263.6
141.5
551.1
477.2
553.2
15,510.0
1,903.3
1,218.6
142.2
542.5
463.4
512.4
15,754.2
1,965.7
1,263.9
149.4
552.4
469.5
527.2
15,753.4
1,974.6
1,271.6
151.0
552.0
467.7
524.5
15,811.1
1,982.4
1,273.4
152.5
556.5
475.0
533.1
57.7
7.8
1.8
1.5
4.5
7.3
8.6
1,168.2
3,038.1
1,034.9
882.3
1,357.0
1,221.9
3,087.2
1,045.2
912.6
1,492.2
1,221.7
3,088.1
1,057.5
911.5
1,516.2
1,194.2
3,047.5
1,041.6
903.6
1,376.6
1,231.5
3,050.5
1,032.5
894.2
1,351.6
1,248.5
3,065.4
1,033.2
911.3
1,376.8
1,257.4
3,061.6
1,036.9
914.4
1,358.9
1,256.7
3,062.4
1,038.1
915.5
1,372.2
-0.7
0.8
1.2
1.1
13.3
629.8
3,126.5
1,366.5
1,760.0
804.2
501.2
684.1
3,320.1
1,414.3
1,905.8
851.3
549.0
692.7
3,382.0
1,465.1
1,916.9
863.3
560.7
632.8
3,187.0
1,352.2
1,834.8
820.0
527.4
629.0
3,113.9
1,342.7
1,771.2
824.4
503.3
627.3
3,169.4
1,321.0
1,848.3
837.2
522.7
626.2
3,161.8
1,316.1
1,845.7
844.8
524.6
629.8
3,177.2
1,329.3
1,847.9
839.5
529.2
3.6
15.4
13.2
2.2
-5.3
4.6
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,773.1
447.0
244.5
65.3
1,416.7
4,956.8
460.1
233.8
61.1
1,469.6
5,092.3
460.9
228.5
60.7
1,462.6
4,844.9
459.2
228.1
59.4
1,435.2
4,780.6
449.5
245.3
67.1
1,448.0
4,872.3
461.2
233.9
61.9
1,460.3
4,889.3
461.9
229.3
61.5
1,464.2
4,869.0
461.9
228.8
61.3
1,465.7
-20.3
0.0
-0.5
-0.2
1.5
488.1
47.3
24.0
631.0
634.8
774.4
489.5
49.8
25.8
659.3
656.0
851.8
490.2
50.3
24.2
657.9
792.2
864.8
482.2
50.3
20.7
645.6
632.1
832.1
475.4
47.5
31.3
633.9
601.2
781.4
472.4
49.8
30.5
656.1
613.8
832.4
473.0
50.4
29.4
653.8
624.4
841.4
470.7
50.5
28.8
650.3
610.0
841.0
-2.3
0.1
-0.6
-3.5
-14.4
-0.4
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
553.0
562.5
563.1
561.4
554.6
562.8
563.4
563.1
-0.3
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,703
723.8
2,767
726.1
2,769
727.8
2,727
724.0
2,734
726.2
2,753
724.2
2,761
724.5
2,762
726.5
1
2.0
359.8
278.7
814.4
399.9
280.0
810.4
402.5
280.9
807.4
373.5
277.7
803.1
387.2
279.8
814.9
395.0
278.8
806.6
405.1
279.4
804.3
402.4
278.8
804.3
-2.7
-0.6
0.0
289.7
236.1
301.3
248.9
300.1
250.4
296.9
252.1
290.7
235.4
300.6
248.1
299.0
249.1
298.9
251.1
-0.1
2.0
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . .
Activities related to credit intermediation.. .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .
8,008
5,981.1
17.8
8,183
6,090.1
17.9
8,201
6,101.5
17.9
8,157
6,087.4
17.8
8,061
5,989.3
18.0
8,182
6,078.8
17.8
8,192
6,085.5
17.9
8,210
6,096.9
17.9
18
11.4
0.0
2,560.5
1,688.2
1,283.9
584.1
288.2
2,573.2
1,676.2
1,264.3
600.9
296.1
2,579.6
1,678.0
1,265.3
602.3
299.3
2,578.8
1,677.8
1,263.9
600.6
300.4
2,562.5
1,686.9
1,282.4
586.0
289.6
2,572.2
1,677.3
1,264.7
599.1
295.8
2,574.0
1,676.4
1,264.2
599.7
297.9
2,581.0
1,676.3
1,262.0
603.1
301.6
7.0
-0.1
-2.2
3.4
3.7
893.2
2,509.6
2,027.1
1,478.5
525.4
23.2
919.5
2,579.5
2,092.8
1,529.6
539.3
23.9
922.6
2,581.4
2,099.9
1,541.3
534.7
23.9
917.9
2,572.9
2,070.0
1,519.1
527.9
23.0
895.9
2,512.9
2,071.6
1,503.8
544.2
23.6
918.9
2,569.9
2,103.2
1,534.4
545.0
23.8
920.6
2,573.0
2,106.5
1,539.1
543.8
23.6
920.9
2,577.1
2,113.3
1,543.6
546.1
23.6
0.3
4.1
6.8
4.5
2.3
0.0
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Change
from:
Dec.2015 Jan.2016p
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scientific research and development
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other professional and technical services. . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . .
Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel arrangement and reservation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investigation and security services. . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,033
8,480.9
1,107.5
1,033.7
1,377.5
126.3
20,081
8,737.7
1,126.4
961.7
1,424.5
140.0
20,082
8,787.2
1,130.0
1,000.6
1,422.5
141.8
19,656
8,782.2
1,114.5
1,084.4
1,408.8
137.2
19,370
8,478.5
1,115.2
958.2
1,394.3
129.7
19,921
8,742.2
1,123.8
1,009.9
1,420.1
138.8
19,981
8,755.6
1,124.2
1,004.5
1,423.3
140.0
19,990
8,780.9
1,122.8
1,010.3
1,426.1
140.8
9
25.3
-1.4
5.8
2.8
0.8
1,853.1
1,960.3
1,954.9
1,949.2
1,858.0
1,948.4
1,951.5
1,954.9
3.4
1,234.1
1,303.5
1,314.3
1,285.2
1,250.7
1,291.4
1,299.8
1,302.0
2.2
641.9
471.2
635.6
2,181.3
8,370.8
7,986.9
461.6
134.4
3,340.4
2,712.9
890.1
660.7
493.0
667.6
2,245.3
9,098.3
8,696.5
478.2
143.9
3,713.9
3,033.4
921.7
661.9
493.4
667.8
2,249.9
9,044.9
8,644.7
481.9
143.4
3,748.1
3,058.2
921.6
655.9
491.3
655.7
2,243.0
8,630.7
8,237.7
483.3
141.8
3,453.7
2,800.8
902.8
648.5
476.2
647.7
2,188.0
8,703.4
8,312.3
465.6
135.4
3,485.9
2,837.0
887.3
661.7
491.0
657.2
2,244.6
8,933.9
8,531.9
478.2
143.8
3,587.7
2,919.2
900.5
662.1
491.1
659.1
2,245.5
8,980.1
8,576.5
482.1
143.8
3,621.5
2,944.3
897.9
662.5
495.2
666.3
2,249.8
8,959.0
8,558.2
486.0
143.2
3,592.7
2,919.1
900.5
0.4
4.1
7.2
4.3
-21.1
-18.3
3.9
-0.6
-28.8
-25.2
2.6
193.8
857.0
1,808.0
301.6
201.4
884.0
2,038.4
315.0
200.9
886.9
1,949.2
312.7
196.8
880.9
1,865.5
312.9
198.0
864.5
1,970.7
305.0
201.2
872.8
2,029.9
317.9
202.3
881.6
2,030.3
317.0
201.1
887.3
2,031.1
316.2
-1.2
5.7
0.8
-0.8
383.9
401.8
400.2
393.0
391.1
402.0
403.6
400.8
-2.8
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of other health practitioners. . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other ambulatory health care
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental health facilities. . . . . .
Community care facilities for the
elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency and other relief services. . . . . .
Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,601
3,338.1
18,263.1
14,827.6
6,731.3
2,494.6
895.4
794.2
728.9
253.8
1,284.8
22,569
3,674.9
18,893.7
15,310.9
6,995.2
2,573.3
919.7
825.1
759.0
260.9
1,361.2
22,557
3,611.6
18,945.4
15,354.4
7,019.1
2,582.4
927.3
829.8
763.2
260.7
1,362.5
22,230
3,355.6
18,873.9
15,294.5
6,978.2
2,572.3
921.1
827.6
758.9
255.0
1,353.2
21,731
3,427.1
18,304.1
14,869.4
6,752.2
2,497.0
898.6
798.3
730.6
254.3
1,291.5
22,315
3,485.6
18,829.3
15,267.0
6,967.5
2,564.2
917.3
823.7
757.4
261.1
1,349.6
22,369
3,495.1
18,874.1
15,302.3
6,989.2
2,568.0
925.9
827.0
760.9
259.7
1,354.1
22,375
3,456.6
18,918.1
15,339.1
6,999.9
2,574.0
924.4
831.1
760.5
256.0
1,360.4
6
-38.5
44.0
36.8
10.7
6.0
-1.5
4.1
-0.4
-3.7
6.3
279.6
4,827.4
3,268.9
1,645.9
603.3
296.0
4,998.2
3,317.5
1,663.4
610.2
293.2
5,009.2
3,326.1
1,664.8
609.8
290.1
5,015.9
3,300.4
1,651.9
608.1
282.0
4,834.9
3,282.3
1,652.8
605.9
294.2
4,987.6
3,311.9
1,659.2
609.3
293.7
5,000.0
3,313.1
1,660.1
608.7
293.5
5,023.7
3,315.5
1,659.2
610.6
-0.2
23.7
2.4
-0.9
1.9
859.9
159.8
3,435.5
2,078.0
152.1
332.5
872.9
882.2
161.7
3,582.8
2,190.4
154.7
334.1
903.6
888.4
163.1
3,591.0
2,198.3
157.1
335.1
900.5
879.8
160.6
3,579.4
2,189.6
157.3
331.7
900.8
862.0
161.7
3,434.7
2,080.0
153.0
336.5
865.2
882.0
161.4
3,562.3
2,186.4
155.0
334.6
886.2
881.7
162.6
3,571.8
2,192.2
155.8
335.4
888.4
883.3
162.4
3,579.0
2,193.3
158.0
335.4
892.3
1.6
-0.2
7.2
1.1
2.2
0.0
3.9
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
14,234
1,889.9
393.5
15,034
2,045.7
448.7
14,996
2,027.6
445.9
14,670
1,939.2
407.5
14,924
2,124.3
440.1
15,307
2,196.0
460.9
15,338
2,191.3
463.1
15,382
2,186.2
459.5
44
-5.1
-3.6
137.7
1,358.7
12,343.9
147.4
1,449.6
12,988.4
145.6
1,436.1
12,968.8
139.6
1,392.1
12,731.1
149.7
1,534.5
12,799.9
152.2
1,582.9
13,110.9
152.5
1,575.7
13,147.0
151.9
1,574.8
13,195.8
-0.6
-0.9
48.8
Industry
Private service-providing - Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Change
from:
Dec.2015 Jan.2016p
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .
1,817.3
10,526.6
1,866.0
11,122.4
1,858.7
11,110.1
1,831.1
10,900.0
1,915.6
10,884.3
1,926.4
11,184.5
1,925.9
11,221.1
1,928.0
11,267.8
2.1
46.7
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .
5,532
1,248.7
1,371.6
2,911.8
5,634
1,281.7
1,412.2
2,940.5
5,643
1,283.1
1,417.6
2,942.0
5,589
1,268.3
1,396.3
2,924.3
5,599
1,262.4
1,389.9
2,947.1
5,648
1,285.3
1,413.6
2,948.6
5,660
1,289.9
1,417.0
2,953.3
5,655
1,283.2
1,414.0
2,957.8
-5
-6.7
-3.0
4.5
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
21,823
2,729.0
2,136.4
592.5
5,001.0
2,341.3
2,659.2
14,093.0
7,928.1
6,164.6
22,511
2,755.0
2,156.3
598.9
5,294.0
2,628.0
2,666.1
14,462.0
8,165.7
6,296.6
22,407
2,785.0
2,163.4
621.6
5,230.0
2,567.3
2,662.5
14,392.0
8,124.7
6,267.1
21,893
2,741.0
2,146.0
595.4
5,004.0
2,350.5
2,653.7
14,148.0
7,912.9
6,235.2
21,954
2,743.0
2,151.9
590.7
5,092.0
2,420.1
2,671.5
14,119.0
7,822.7
6,296.1
22,028
2,758.0
2,159.8
598.6
5,110.0
2,435.6
2,674.8
14,160.0
7,814.8
6,345.4
22,039
2,766.0
2,163.1
603.2
5,109.0
2,437.0
2,672.2
14,164.0
7,812.4
6,351.6
22,032
2,758.0
2,160.4
597.2
5,099.0
2,432.2
2,667.0
14,175.0
7,810.5
6,364.6
-7
-8.0
-2.7
-6.0
-10.0
-4.8
-5.2
11.0
-1.9
13.0
Industry
Accommodation and food services Continued
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
34.6
40.5
44.5
39.0
41.0
41.5
40.2
33.4
34.6
38.9
31.4
38.8
42.3
36.5
37.5
36.2
32.8
26.3
31.9
34.5
40.3
44.1
39.1
40.7
41.0
40.0
33.4
34.6
38.9
31.4
38.9
42.6
36.1
37.6
36.1
32.8
26.2
31.9
34.5
40.4
44.1
39.7
40.6
41.1
39.8
33.4
34.6
38.9
31.3
39.1
42.4
36.0
37.6
36.2
32.9
26.2
31.9
34.6
40.3
43.5
39.3
40.7
41.1
39.9
33.5
34.7
39.0
31.4
39.1
42.5
36.2
37.7
36.3
32.9
26.2
32.0
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. .
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.2
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
Industry
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$24.76
25.90
30.70
27.03
24.97
26.30
22.62
24.49
21.61
28.31
17.33
22.79
36.08
34.57
31.16
29.77
25.03
14.16
22.21
$25.27
26.47
31.75
27.62
25.52
26.80
23.30
24.99
22.02
28.81
17.69
23.07
37.94
35.79
31.84
30.39
25.49
14.47
22.68
$25.27
26.45
31.33
27.59
25.53
26.85
23.25
24.99
22.05
28.80
17.75
23.07
37.68
35.90
31.88
30.28
25.48
14.50
22.71
$25.39
26.51
31.77
27.59
25.61
26.93
23.33
25.13
22.12
28.94
17.81
23.14
37.81
36.06
32.19
30.50
25.55
14.61
22.80
$856.70
1,048.95
1,366.15
1,054.17
1,023.77
1,091.45
909.32
817.97
747.71
1,101.26
544.16
884.25
1,526.18
1,261.81
1,168.50
1,077.67
820.98
372.41
708.50
$871.82
1,066.74
1,400.18
1,079.94
1,038.66
1,098.80
932.00
834.67
761.89
1,120.71
555.47
897.42
1,616.24
1,292.02
1,197.18
1,097.08
836.07
379.11
723.49
$871.82
1,068.58
1,381.65
1,095.32
1,036.52
1,103.54
925.35
834.67
762.93
1,120.32
555.58
902.04
1,597.63
1,292.40
1,198.69
1,096.14
838.29
379.90
724.45
$878.49
1,068.35
1,382.00
1,084.29
1,042.33
1,106.82
930.87
841.86
767.56
1,128.66
559.23
904.77
1,606.93
1,305.37
1,213.56
1,107.15
840.60
382.78
729.60
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Dec.
2015 Jan.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
103.1
90.2
124.5
85.4
90.8
90.7
91.2
106.5
100.5
99.3
98.9
106.2
101.5
91.1
99.0
110.3
116.4
112.0
103.0
104.6
90.1
106.8
88.3
90.2
89.3
91.4
108.8
101.9
100.1
100.5
108.5
103.7
90.8
100.8
113.1
119.5
114.4
103.9
104.9
90.6
105.9
90.3
90.0
89.5
91.2
109.0
102.0
100.2
100.2
109.4
103.4
90.8
100.9
113.8
120.2
114.7
104.1
105.3
90.6
103.5
89.6
90.5
89.7
91.7
109.4
102.5
100.6
100.8
109.0
103.5
91.3
101.4
114.1
120.2
115.0
104.3
0.4
0.0
-2.3
-0.8
0.6
0.2
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.6
-0.4
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.2
1
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Dec.
2015 Jan.
2016p
122.0
105.6
153.4
100.3
105.4
106.0
104.7
126.8
116.9
117.4
113.3
122.8
121.0
112.2
120.3
133.0
140.1
127.9
125.4
126.4
107.8
136.2
105.9
107.0
106.2
108.1
132.1
120.8
120.3
117.5
127.0
130.0
115.7
125.1
139.3
146.5
133.6
129.1
126.7
108.3
133.2
108.2
106.9
106.7
107.6
132.3
121.1
120.4
117.5
128.1
128.7
116.0
125.4
139.6
147.2
134.1
129.6
127.8
108.5
132.0
107.4
107.8
107.3
108.5
133.6
122.0
121.5
118.7
128.0
129.4
117.2
127.3
141.0
147.7
135.5
130.4
0.9
0.2
-0.9
-0.7
0.8
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.7
0.9
1.0
-0.1
0.5
1.0
1.5
1.0
0.3
1.0
0.6
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)
Percent of all employees
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .
69,312
56,768
4,275
121
804
3,350
1,799
1,551
52,493
10,794
1,713.9
7,812.0
1,134.7
133.6
1,103
4,608
8,605
16,708
7,748
2,927
12,544
70,531
57,926
4,279
109
815
3,355
1,799
1,556
53,647
10,964
1,735.2
7,932.6
1,161.4
134.4
1,105
4,667
8,875
17,174
7,915
2,947
12,605
70,665
58,048
4,284
109
815
3,360
1,799
1,561
53,764
10,971
1,734.7
7,928.2
1,172.5
135.2
1,106
4,673
8,910
17,220
7,933
2,951
12,617
70,782
58,171
4,298
108
823
3,367
1,802
1,565
53,873
11,013
1,738.1
7,988.6
1,150.8
135.1
1,107
4,687
8,923
17,230
7,957
2,956
12,611
49.3
47.8
21.9
13.6
12.7
27.2
23.2
34.1
53.0
40.4
29.3
50.4
23.7
24.1
40.3
57.2
44.4
76.9
51.9
52.3
57.1
49.4
47.9
21.8
14.1
12.4
27.2
23.3
34.0
53.0
40.5
29.4
50.4
23.8
23.9
40.1
57.0
44.6
77.0
51.7
52.2
57.2
49.4
47.9
21.8
14.3
12.4
27.3
23.3
34.0
53.0
40.5
29.4
50.3
24.0
24.0
40.1
57.0
44.6
77.0
51.7
52.1
57.2
49.4
48.0
21.8
14.3
12.4
27.2
23.2
34.0
53.1
40.6
29.4
50.5
23.6
24.0
40.1
57.1
44.6
77.0
51.7
52.3
57.2
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing........ . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
97,886
14,086
649
4,769
8,668
5,345
3,323
83,800
22,489
4,716.1
13,187.1
4,138.8
446.8
2,216
6,222
15,990
19,074
13,147
4,662
99,566
14,159
559
4,939
8,661
5,327
3,334
85,407
22,777
4,726.7
13,371.6
4,227.3
450.9
2,229
6,334
16,328
19,575
13,467
4,697
99,811
14,215
555
4,990
8,670
5,329
3,341
85,596
22,808
4,730.9
13,375.0
4,249.8
452.6
2,233
6,336
16,400
19,625
13,486
4,708
99,893
14,222
547
4,980
8,695
5,339
3,356
85,671
22,807
4,734.3
13,416.9
4,205.0
451.1
2,227
6,356
16,438
19,630
13,516
4,697
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
33.8
41.5
46.8
39.7
42.1
42.5
41.5
32.5
33.7
38.6
30.1
38.4
42.2
35.9
36.8
35.6
32.1
25.2
30.7
33.7
41.2
45.6
39.8
41.7
42.1
41.2
32.4
33.7
38.5
30.1
38.9
42.6
35.6
37.1
35.5
32.1
25.0
30.7
33.8
41.4
45.9
40.3
41.7
42.1
41.0
32.5
33.8
38.7
30.0
39.2
42.5
35.6
37.2
35.5
32.2
25.1
30.8
33.8
41.3
45.7
39.8
41.8
42.3
41.2
32.5
33.7
38.5
30.1
39.0
42.7
35.8
37.2
35.6
32.3
25.0
30.6
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................. .
4.4
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.0
4.3
4.4
4.1
Industry
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . .................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$20.81
21.73
26.55
24.95
19.65
20.73
17.89
20.62
18.49
23.41
14.65
20.71
33.12
28.70
25.06
24.46
21.89
12.30
18.79
$21.23
22.16
26.61
25.43
20.07
21.10
18.39
21.03
18.79
23.75
14.94
20.87
34.66
29.52
25.61
25.05
22.27
12.55
19.14
$21.27
22.21
26.55
25.43
20.11
21.15
18.40
21.07
18.84
23.85
14.96
20.88
34.57
29.61
25.70
25.03
22.31
12.58
19.18
$21.33
22.17
26.74
25.35
20.13
21.21
18.36
21.15
18.87
23.95
14.99
20.95
34.56
29.66
25.97
25.11
22.34
12.67
19.19
$703.38
901.80
1,242.54
990.52
827.27
881.03
742.44
670.15
623.11
903.63
440.97
795.26
1,397.66
1,030.33
922.21
870.78
702.67
309.96
576.85
$715.45
912.99
1,213.42
1,012.11
836.92
888.31
757.67
681.37
633.22
914.38
449.69
811.84
1,476.52
1,050.91
950.13
889.28
714.87
313.75
587.60
$718.93
919.49
1,218.65
1,024.83
838.59
890.42
754.40
684.78
636.79
923.00
448.80
818.50
1,469.23
1,054.12
956.04
888.57
718.38
315.76
590.74
$720.95
915.62
1,222.02
1,008.93
841.43
897.18
756.43
687.38
635.92
922.08
451.20
817.05
1,475.71
1,061.83
966.08
893.92
721.58
316.75
587.21
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Industry
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Dec.
2015 Jan.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
110.2
89.3
161.4
94.8
83.8
85.4
81.3
116.0
105.7
107.2
100.5
119.6
96.4
90.8
107.8
127.6
130.5
121.4
100.4
111.8
89.1
135.5
98.4
82.9
84.3
80.9
117.8
107.0
107.2
101.9
123.8
98.2
90.6
110.6
129.9
133.9
123.3
101.1
112.4
89.9
135.4
100.7
83.0
84.3
80.7
118.5
107.5
107.8
101.6
125.4
98.4
90.7
111.0
130.5
134.7
124.0
101.7
112.5
89.8
132.8
99.2
83.4
84.9
81.5
118.6
107.1
107.3
102.2
123.4
98.5
91.0
111.3
131.2
135.2
123.8
100.8
0.1
-0.1
-1.9
-1.5
0.5
0.7
1.0
0.1
-0.4
-0.5
0.6
-1.6
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.4
-0.2
-0.9
1
Jan.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015p
Jan.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Dec.
2015 Jan.
2016p
153.3
118.9
249.2
127.7
107.7
110.5
102.7
164.0
139.4
147.8
126.2
157.2
133.3
129.0
166.2
185.7
188.6
169.5
137.4
158.6
121.0
209.6
135.2
108.8
111.0
105.2
170.0
143.4
149.9
130.5
163.9
142.1
132.4
174.3
193.7
196.9
175.8
141.0
159.8
122.3
209.0
138.3
109.1
111.3
104.9
171.2
144.4
151.5
130.2
166.1
141.9
133.0
175.4
194.4
198.4
177.1
142.1
160.4
121.8
206.6
135.8
109.8
112.4
105.7
172.0
144.2
151.4
131.3
164.1
142.1
133.6
177.8
196.0
199.3
178.1
140.9
0.4
-0.4
-1.1
-1.8
0.6
1.0
0.8
0.5
-0.1
-0.1
0.8
-1.2
0.1
0.5
1.4
0.8
0.5
0.6
-0.8
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.