Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 1, 2016
USDL-16-0662
Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — MARCH 2016
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 215,000 in March, and the unemployment rate was little
changed at 5.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased in
retail trade, construction, and health care. Job losses occurred in manufacturing and mining.
Household Survey Data
In March, the unemployment rate (5.0 percent) and the number of unemployed persons (8.0 million)
were little changed. Both measures have shown little movement since August. (See table A-1.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.5 percent), adult women
(4.6 percent), teenagers (15.9 percent), Whites (4.3 percent), Blacks (9.0 percent), Asians (4.0 percent),
and Hispanics (5.6 percent) showed little or no change in March. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged
at 2.2 million in March and has shown little movement since June. In March, these individuals
accounted for 27.6 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.)
In March, the labor force participation rate (63.0 percent) and the employment-population ratio
(59.9 percent) changed little. Both measures were up by 0.6 percentage point since September. (See
table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (also referred to as involuntary parttime workers) was about unchanged in March at 6.1 million and has shown little movement since
November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working parttime because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See
table A-8.)
In March, 1.7 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 335,000 from a
year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted
and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not
counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
(See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 585,000 discouraged workers in March, down by 153,000
from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not
currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.1
million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March had not searched for work for reasons
such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 215,000 in March. Employment gains occurred in retail
trade, construction, and health care, while job losses occurred in manufacturing and mining. (See
table B-1.)
Retail trade added 48,000 jobs in March. Employment gains occurred in general merchandise stores
(+12,000), health and personal care stores (+10,000), building material and garden supply stores
(+10,000), and automobile dealers (+5,000). Over the past 12 months, retail trade has added 378,000
jobs.
Construction employment rose by 37,000 in March. Job gains occurred among residential specialty
trade contractors (+12,000) and in heavy and civil engineering construction (+11,000). Over the year,
construction has added 301,000 jobs.
Employment in health care increased by 37,000 over the month, about in line with the average monthly
gain over the prior 12 months. In March, employment rose in ambulatory health care services (+27,000)
and hospitals (+10,000). Over the year, health care employment has increased by 503,000.
Over the month, employment continued to trend up in food services and drinking places (+25,000) and
in financial activities (+15,000).
In March, employment in professional and business services changed little for the third month in a
row. In 2015, the industry added an average of 52,000 jobs per month.
-2-
Employment in manufacturing declined by 29,000 in March. Most of the job losses occurred in durable
goods industries (-24,000), including machinery (-7,000), primary metals (-3,000), and semiconductors
and electronic components (-3,000).
Mining employment continued to decline in March (-12,000) with losses concentrated in support
activities for mining (-10,000). Since reaching a peak in September 2014, employment in mining has
decreased by 185,000.
Employment in other major industries, including wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing,
information, and government, changed little over the month.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours in
March. The manufacturing workweek edged down by 0.1 hour to 40.6 hours. Factory overtime was 3.3
hours for the fourth month in a row. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory
employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 7 cents
to $25.43, following a 2-cent decline in February. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by
2.3 percent. In March, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees increased by 4 cents to $21.37. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +172,000 to +168,000,
and the change for February was revised from +242,000 to +245,000. With these revisions, employment
gains in January and February combined were 1,000 less than previously reported. Over the past 3
months, job gains have averaged 209,000 per month.
_____________
The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 6, 2016, at
8:30 a.m. (EDT).
-3-
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Change from:
Feb. 2016Mar. 2016
Mar.
2016
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
250,080
156,890
62.7
148,333
59.3
8,557
5.5
93,190
252,397
158,335
62.7
150,544
59.6
7,791
4.9
94,062
252,577
158,890
62.9
151,074
59.8
7,815
4.9
93,688
252,768
159,286
63.0
151,320
59.9
7,966
5.0
93,482
191
396
0.1
246
0.1
151
0.1
-206
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .
5.5
5.1
4.9
17.6
4.7
10.0
3.2
6.8
4.9
4.5
4.5
16.0
4.3
8.8
3.7
5.9
4.9
4.5
4.5
15.6
4.3
8.8
3.8
5.4
5.0
4.5
4.6
15.9
4.3
9.0
4.0
5.6
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. .
4.4
8.6
5.3
4.8
2.5
4.0
7.4
5.3
4.2
2.5
4.1
7.3
5.3
4.2
2.5
4.1
7.4
5.4
4.1
2.6
0.0
0.1
0.1
-0.1
0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .
4,194
870
2,666
812
3,664
766
2,468
827
3,749
760
2,467
833
3,835
833
2,495
778
86
73
28
-55
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .
2,488
2,330
1,255
2,547
2,249
2,282
1,135
2,089
2,297
2,236
1,132
2,165
2,412
2,205
1,178
2,213
115
-31
46
48
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons. . ....................................... .
6,673
4,063
2,318
19,774
5,988
3,544
2,134
20,311
5,988
3,579
2,104
20,615
6,123
3,631
2,154
20,428
135
52
50
-187
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .
2,055
738
2,089
623
1,803
599
1,720
585
–
–
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
84
90
-20
-16
-7
3
0
2.3
3
110
2.7
25.2
10.1
0.4
-3
12
27
10.3
38
32.2
0
-2
-6
168
155
24
-12
18
18
11
3.1
7
131
12.6
66.5
-20.9
0.1
0
17
-2
-43.8
26
43.4
34
-3
13
245
236
-15
-17
20
-18
-17
0.3
-1
251
1.0
67.1
-6.5
1.8
10
5
30
-12.4
84
58.4
45
14
9
215
195
-4
-12
37
-29
-24
-1.5
-5
199
5.5
47.7
-2.5
0.0
1
15
33
4.0
51
44.0
40
8
20
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
190
185
240
231
228
217
209
195
Category
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
49.3
47.9
82.5
49.4
48.0
82.4
49.5
48.1
82.4
49.5
48.1
82.4
34.5
$24.87
$858.02
103.1
-0.2
122.5
0.1
34.6
$25.38
$878.15
105.3
0.4
127.8
0.9
34.4
$25.36
$872.38
104.9
-0.4
127.2
-0.5
34.4
$25.43
$874.79
105.1
0.2
127.7
0.4
55.0
48.1
59.4
57.6
58.0
42.4
58.4
37.3
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the
month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than
on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including
pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates
typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some
employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed,
while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees
who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll
employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th
of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page,
please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES;
establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000
eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the
CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and
government agencies, representing approximately 623,000
individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry
data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that contains
the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the
reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime
during the 4-week period ending with the reference week.
Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no
way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of
unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as
employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The
unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted
in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production
and nonsupervisory employees. Production and
nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and
related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging,
construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory
employees in private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the
2012 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:

The household survey includes agricultural
workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.

The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.

The household survey is limited to workers 16 years
of age and older. The establishment survey is not
limited by age.

The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and
the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number
of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about
20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying
employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal
employment changes at the end and beginning of the school
year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make
underlying employment patterns more discernable. The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with
which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic
activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such
as total payroll employment, employment in most major
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the
adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the
duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment
survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the
estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from
one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on
the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000
(50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that
there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased
that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment
rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case,
it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an
unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent
confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment
as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents
in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made
by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns;
for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received,
that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely
basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains
from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This
procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death
employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model
designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment
not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time
series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived
from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and
deaths over the past 5 years.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy
for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past
decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from
-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
250,080
156,318
62.5
147,635
59.0
8,682
5.6
93,762
6,065
252,577
158,279
62.7
150,060
59.4
8,219
5.2
94,298
5,949
252,768
158,854
62.8
150,738
59.6
8,116
5.1
93,914
5,446
250,080
156,890
62.7
148,333
59.3
8,557
5.5
93,190
6,310
251,747
157,367
62.5
149,444
59.4
7,924
5.0
94,380
5,637
251,936
157,833
62.6
149,929
59.5
7,904
5.0
94,103
5,886
252,397
158,335
62.7
150,544
59.6
7,791
4.9
94,062
5,973
252,577
158,890
62.9
151,074
59.8
7,815
4.9
93,688
5,870
252,768
159,286
63.0
151,320
59.9
7,966
5.0
93,482
5,712
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120,738
83,229
68.9
78,275
64.8
4,954
6.0
37,509
122,017
84,052
68.9
79,415
65.1
4,637
5.5
37,965
122,112
84,384
69.1
79,884
65.4
4,499
5.3
37,729
120,738
83,656
69.3
78,994
65.4
4,663
5.6
37,081
121,577
83,503
68.7
79,182
65.1
4,321
5.2
38,074
121,671
83,876
68.9
79,546
65.4
4,330
5.2
37,795
121,926
84,238
69.1
80,104
65.7
4,134
4.9
37,688
122,017
84,673
69.4
80,491
66.0
4,181
4.9
37,344
122,112
84,765
69.4
80,543
66.0
4,222
5.0
37,347
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
112,304
80,533
71.7
76,122
67.8
4,411
5.5
31,771
113,566
81,306
71.6
77,148
67.9
4,158
5.1
32,260
113,653
81,659
71.8
77,639
68.3
4,020
4.9
31,995
112,304
80,731
71.9
76,647
68.3
4,084
5.1
31,572
113,149
80,623
71.3
76,823
67.9
3,800
4.7
32,526
113,241
80,927
71.5
77,119
68.1
3,808
4.7
32,314
113,483
81,333
71.7
77,704
68.5
3,629
4.5
32,151
113,566
81,667
71.9
77,991
68.7
3,677
4.5
31,898
113,653
81,815
72.0
78,096
68.7
3,719
4.5
31,838
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129,342
73,089
56.5
69,360
53.6
3,729
5.1
56,253
130,561
74,227
56.9
70,646
54.1
3,582
4.8
56,333
130,656
74,470
57.0
70,854
54.2
3,617
4.9
56,185
129,342
73,234
56.6
69,339
53.6
3,894
5.3
56,108
130,170
73,865
56.7
70,262
54.0
3,603
4.9
56,305
130,265
73,957
56.8
70,383
54.0
3,574
4.8
56,308
130,471
74,097
56.8
70,440
54.0
3,657
4.9
56,374
130,561
74,217
56.8
70,583
54.1
3,634
4.9
56,344
130,656
74,520
57.0
70,777
54.2
3,743
5.0
56,135
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
121,152
70,374
58.1
67,022
55.3
3,352
4.8
50,779
122,345
71,518
58.5
68,305
55.8
3,213
4.5
50,828
122,433
71,700
58.6
68,451
55.9
3,248
4.5
50,733
121,152
70,364
58.1
66,909
55.2
3,455
4.9
50,788
121,979
71,139
58.3
67,891
55.7
3,249
4.6
50,840
122,071
71,069
58.2
67,911
55.6
3,157
4.4
51,002
122,263
71,171
58.2
67,940
55.6
3,231
4.5
51,092
122,345
71,313
58.3
68,094
55.7
3,219
4.5
51,032
122,433
71,610
58.5
68,293
55.8
3,317
4.6
50,823
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16,624
5,411
32.5
4,491
27.0
920
17.0
11,213
16,666
5,456
32.7
4,608
27.6
848
15.5
11,211
16,682
5,496
32.9
4,648
27.9
848
15.4
11,186
16,624
5,794
34.9
4,777
28.7
1,018
17.6
10,830
16,619
5,605
33.7
4,729
28.5
875
15.6
11,014
16,624
5,837
35.1
4,899
29.5
938
16.1
10,787
16,651
5,832
35.0
4,901
29.4
931
16.0
10,819
16,666
5,909
35.5
4,990
29.9
920
15.6
10,757
16,682
5,860
35.1
4,931
29.6
929
15.9
10,822
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
196,482
123,196
62.7
117,178
59.6
6,018
4.9
73,286
197,718
124,262
62.8
118,584
60.0
5,678
4.6
73,456
197,809
124,663
63.0
119,137
60.2
5,526
4.4
73,146
196,482
123,694
63.0
117,868
60.0
5,827
4.7
72,788
197,377
123,496
62.6
118,115
59.8
5,381
4.4
73,881
197,471
123,815
62.7
118,295
59.9
5,520
4.5
73,656
197,639
124,362
62.9
119,029
60.2
5,333
4.3
73,277
197,718
124,748
63.1
119,442
60.4
5,306
4.3
72,970
197,809
125,018
63.2
119,674
60.5
5,345
4.3
72,791
64,674
72.1
61,538
68.6
3,136
4.8
64,988
71.9
62,078
68.7
2,910
4.5
65,175
72.1
62,355
69.0
2,820
4.3
64,862
72.3
62,010
69.2
2,852
4.4
64,503
71.6
61,884
68.7
2,619
4.1
64,691
71.7
61,988
68.7
2,702
4.2
65,002
72.0
62,482
69.2
2,520
3.9
65,304
72.3
62,787
69.5
2,517
3.9
65,296
72.3
62,739
69.4
2,557
3.9
54,239
57.4
52,027
55.1
2,212
4.1
54,984
57.8
52,830
55.6
2,153
3.9
55,192
58.0
53,087
55.8
2,105
3.8
54,264
57.4
51,999
55.0
2,265
4.2
54,638
57.6
52,466
55.3
2,172
4.0
54,521
57.4
52,391
55.2
2,130
3.9
54,753
57.6
52,603
55.4
2,150
3.9
54,803
57.6
52,659
55.4
2,144
3.9
55,142
58.0
52,992
55.7
2,149
3.9
4,283
34.7
3,613
29.3
670
15.6
4,290
34.8
3,676
29.8
614
14.3
4,296
34.8
3,695
30.0
601
14.0
4,568
37.0
3,859
31.3
709
15.5
4,355
35.4
3,765
30.6
590
13.5
4,603
37.4
3,916
31.8
687
14.9
4,607
37.4
3,944
32.0
663
14.4
4,641
37.7
3,995
32.4
645
13.9
4,580
37.1
3,942
32.0
638
13.9
31,257
19,020
60.8
17,117
54.8
1,902
10.0
12,237
31,716
19,387
61.1
17,665
55.7
1,721
8.9
12,329
31,753
19,421
61.2
17,670
55.6
1,751
9.0
12,332
31,257
19,071
61.0
17,165
54.9
1,906
10.0
12,186
31,557
19,447
61.6
17,628
55.9
1,819
9.4
12,110
31,594
19,442
61.5
17,819
56.4
1,623
8.3
12,152
31,679
19,536
61.7
17,821
56.3
1,716
8.8
12,143
31,716
19,569
61.7
17,851
56.3
1,718
8.8
12,147
31,753
19,513
61.5
17,759
55.9
1,754
9.0
12,240
8,714
67.2
7,810
60.2
904
10.4
8,826
66.9
8,014
60.7
812
9.2
8,871
67.1
8,063
61.0
809
9.1
8,710
67.2
7,847
60.5
862
9.9
8,752
66.7
7,885
60.1
867
9.9
8,780
66.8
8,017
61.0
763
8.7
8,844
67.1
8,101
61.5
743
8.4
8,910
67.5
8,146
61.7
764
8.6
8,881
67.2
8,112
61.4
768
8.7
9,714
61.5
8,853
56.0
862
8.9
9,897
61.8
9,129
57.0
767
7.8
9,842
61.4
9,062
56.5
781
7.9
9,717
61.5
8,835
55.9
882
9.1
10,009
62.8
9,218
57.8
791
7.9
9,928
62.2
9,241
57.9
686
6.9
9,970
62.3
9,179
57.4
791
7.9
9,938
62.0
9,152
57.1
786
7.9
9,868
61.5
9,076
56.6
792
8.0
591
23.7
455
18.2
137
23.1
664
26.6
522
20.9
142
21.4
708
28.3
546
21.8
162
22.9
644
25.8
482
19.3
162
25.1
686
27.6
525
21.1
161
23.5
734
29.5
560
22.5
174
23.7
722
28.9
540
21.7
182
25.2
720
28.8
552
22.1
168
23.3
764
30.5
571
22.8
193
25.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mar.
2015
14,296
8,967
62.7
8,685
60.7
282
3.1
5,329
Feb.
2016
14,974
9,483
63.3
9,115
60.9
368
3.9
5,491
Mar.
2016
14,911
9,478
63.6
9,112
61.1
366
3.9
5,433
Mar.
2015
14,296
8,928
62.5
8,639
60.4
289
3.2
5,368
Nov.
2015
14,476
9,132
63.1
8,778
60.6
354
3.9
5,344
Dec.
2015
14,553
9,168
63.0
8,805
60.5
363
4.0
5,385
Jan.
2016
14,816
9,192
62.0
8,856
59.8
337
3.7
5,623
Feb.
2016
14,974
9,426
62.9
9,070
60.6
355
3.8
5,548
1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.
Mar.
2016
14,911
9,411
63.1
9,038
60.6
373
4.0
5,500
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1
Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
39,323
25,991
66.1
24,177
61.5
1,814
7.0
13,332
40,302
26,528
65.8
24,967
61.9
1,561
5.9
13,774
40,386
26,709
66.1
25,183
62.4
1,526
5.7
13,677
39,323
26,088
66.3
24,317
61.8
1,771
6.8
13,235
40,005
26,225
65.6
24,543
61.3
1,682
6.4
13,780
40,090
26,270
65.5
24,614
61.4
1,655
6.3
13,821
40,215
26,451
65.8
24,893
61.9
1,558
5.9
13,764
40,302
26,642
66.1
25,193
62.5
1,449
5.4
13,660
40,386
26,782
66.3
25,289
62.6
1,493
5.6
13,604
14,407
81.3
13,519
76.3
888
6.2
14,639
80.6
13,834
76.1
806
5.5
14,759
81.1
13,995
76.9
764
5.2
14,461
81.6
13,624
76.9
836
5.8
14,377
79.7
13,601
75.4
776
5.4
14,454
79.9
13,659
75.6
795
5.5
14,590
80.5
13,878
76.5
712
4.9
14,705
80.9
14,018
77.2
688
4.7
14,799
81.3
14,085
77.4
714
4.8
10,453
58.4
9,748
54.4
705
6.7
10,754
58.5
10,163
55.3
591
5.5
10,836
58.8
10,226
55.5
610
5.6
10,445
58.3
9,757
54.5
687
6.6
10,754
59.0
10,031
55.0
723
6.7
10,646
58.2
9,978
54.6
668
6.3
10,649
58.0
10,022
54.6
627
5.9
10,742
58.4
10,167
55.3
576
5.4
10,814
58.7
10,218
55.5
596
5.5
1,131
30.6
909
24.6
222
19.6
1,135
30.3
970
25.9
165
14.5
1,115
29.7
962
25.6
153
13.7
1,183
32.0
935
25.3
248
20.9
1,095
29.4
912
24.5
183
16.7
1,170
31.3
977
26.2
193
16.5
1,212
32.5
994
26.6
218
18.0
1,194
31.9
1,008
26.9
186
15.6
1,168
31.1
986
26.3
182
15.6
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,113
45.2
10,067
40.9
1,046
9.4
10,386
45.0
9,530
41.3
856
8.2
10,817
46.4
9,926
42.6
891
8.2
11,070
45.0
10,116
41.1
954
8.6
10,958
45.7
10,210
42.6
748
6.8
10,847
45.4
10,125
42.4
722
6.7
11,037
46.0
10,221
42.6
816
7.4
10,648
46.2
9,871
42.8
777
7.3
10,777
46.2
9,978
42.8
799
7.4
High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35,620
57.2
33,591
53.9
2,029
5.7
35,489
57.3
33,425
54.0
2,063
5.8
35,654
57.5
33,599
54.2
2,055
5.8
35,772
57.4
33,870
54.4
1,902
5.3
35,224
57.2
33,315
54.1
1,910
5.4
34,744
57.0
32,812
53.8
1,933
5.6
35,347
57.8
33,475
54.7
1,872
5.3
35,626
57.5
33,747
54.5
1,878
5.3
35,615
57.4
33,688
54.3
1,927
5.4
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37,411
67.3
35,568
64.0
1,843
4.9
38,156
66.8
36,412
63.7
1,744
4.6
37,929
66.3
36,309
63.4
1,620
4.3
37,456
67.4
35,676
64.2
1,780
4.8
37,610
66.7
35,957
63.8
1,653
4.4
37,869
66.5
36,304
63.8
1,565
4.1
38,098
66.5
36,493
63.7
1,605
4.2
38,106
66.7
36,496
63.9
1,610
4.2
37,958
66.3
36,396
63.6
1,562
4.1
Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51,573
74.8
50,333
73.0
1,240
2.4
53,563
74.4
52,237
72.6
1,326
2.5
53,715
74.9
52,323
73.0
1,391
2.6
51,318
74.4
50,059
72.6
1,259
2.5
52,757
74.0
51,451
72.1
1,306
2.5
53,054
74.0
51,746
72.2
1,307
2.5
52,674
73.8
51,358
71.9
1,316
2.5
53,112
73.8
51,805
72.0
1,307
2.5
53,447
74.5
52,051
72.6
1,396
2.6
1
Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service
Mar.
2015
Men
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Women
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,300
10,869
51.0
10,334
48.5
535
4.9
10,431
20,982
10,570
50.4
10,095
48.1
475
4.5
10,412
19,307
9,610
49.8
9,147
47.4
463
4.8
9,697
18,973
9,305
49.0
8,887
46.8
419
4.5
9,668
1,993
1,259
63.2
1,187
59.6
72
5.7
734
2,009
1,265
62.9
1,208
60.1
57
4.5
744
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,431
2,826
82.4
2,642
77.0
184
6.5
605
3,783
3,039
80.3
2,848
75.3
191
6.3
744
2,863
2,423
84.6
2,267
79.2
156
6.5
440
3,141
2,556
81.4
2,392
76.2
165
6.4
584
568
402
70.8
375
66.0
27
6.8
166
642
483
75.2
456
71.1
26
5.4
160
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,540
2,859
80.8
2,760
78.0
100
3.5
681
3,404
2,778
81.6
2,688
79.0
90
3.2
626
2,954
2,429
82.2
2,348
79.5
80
3.3
525
2,858
2,363
82.7
2,288
80.0
75
3.2
495
586
431
73.5
411
70.2
20
4.5
155
546
415
76.0
400
73.3
15
3.5
131
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,023
2,438
27.0
2,319
25.7
119
4.9
6,585
8,606
2,161
25.1
2,076
24.1
85
3.9
6,445
8,702
2,352
27.0
2,239
25.7
113
4.8
6,350
8,298
2,100
25.3
2,015
24.3
85
4.0
6,198
321
86
26.8
80
25.1
6
6.6
235
308
61
19.7
61
19.7
0
–
247
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,306
2,746
51.8
2,613
49.3
133
4.8
2,560
5,189
2,592
50.0
2,483
47.8
110
4.2
2,597
4,788
2,406
50.3
2,293
47.9
113
4.7
2,382
4,676
2,286
48.9
2,192
46.9
94
4.1
2,390
518
340
65.6
321
61.9
19
5.7
178
513
306
59.7
290
56.6
16
5.2
207
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
220,025
143,700
65.3
135,856
61.7
7,844
5.5
76,325
222,857
146,417
65.7
139,128
62.4
7,289
5.0
76,440
96,988
72,780
75.0
68,461
70.6
4,320
5.9
24,208
98,685
74,219
75.2
70,344
71.3
3,875
5.2
24,466
123,037
70,920
57.6
67,395
54.8
3,525
5.0
52,117
124,172
72,198
58.1
68,785
55.4
3,414
4.7
51,974
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
Persons with no disability
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
29,919
5,917
19.8
5,222
17.5
695
11.7
24,002
29,661
5,907
19.9
5,269
17.8
638
10.8
23,754
220,161
150,401
68.3
142,413
64.7
7,988
5.3
69,760
223,107
152,948
68.6
145,469
65.2
7,479
4.9
70,160
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
2,674
34.2
2,306
29.5
368
13.8
5,140
2,561
33.7
2,233
29.4
328
12.8
5,039
75,765
82.0
71,365
77.2
4,400
5.8
16,647
76,673
82.2
72,689
77.9
3,984
5.2
16,593
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
2,312
28.1
2,053
25.0
259
11.2
5,909
2,295
28.4
2,049
25.4
245
10.7
5,773
66,766
69.9
63,434
66.4
3,332
5.0
28,777
68,062
70.7
64,842
67.3
3,220
4.7
28,248
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .
931
6.7
864
6.2
67
7.2
12,953
1,051
7.5
987
7.0
65
6.2
12,943
7,870
24.4
7,614
23.6
255
3.2
24,337
8,212
24.5
7,938
23.7
275
3.3
25,318
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity
Mar.
2015
Men
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Women
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
40,198
26,328
65.5
24,937
62.0
1,391
5.3
13,870
41,148
27,029
65.7
25,741
62.6
1,288
4.8
14,119
19,460
15,321
78.7
14,539
74.7
782
5.1
4,139
20,028
15,596
77.9
14,938
74.6
658
4.2
4,432
20,738
11,006
53.1
10,398
50.1
608
5.5
9,731
21,119
11,432
54.1
10,803
51.2
630
5.5
9,687
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .
209,882
129,990
61.9
122,698
58.5
7,292
5.6
79,892
211,620
131,825
62.3
124,997
59.1
6,828
5.2
79,795
101,278
67,907
67.1
63,736
62.9
4,171
6.1
33,371
102,084
68,787
67.4
64,946
63.6
3,841
5.6
33,297
108,604
62,083
57.2
58,962
54.3
3,120
5.0
46,522
109,536
63,038
57.5
60,051
54.8
2,987
4.7
46,498
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
2,405
1,490
881
34
145,230
136,563
20,729
115,834
798
115,037
8,588
79
2,274
1,402
857
15
147,787
139,112
21,104
118,008
685
117,322
8,606
69
2,491
1,535
933
23
148,247
139,398
20,911
118,487
629
117,858
8,791
58
2,556
1,611
900
–
145,681
136,802
20,312
116,588
–
115,780
8,714
–
2,424
1,557
822
–
147,110
138,478
21,088
117,368
–
116,626
8,593
–
2,411
1,562
814
–
147,587
139,054
20,824
118,193
–
117,432
8,551
–
2,385
1,538
827
–
148,115
139,371
20,715
118,690
–
118,025
8,699
–
2,456
1,571
878
–
148,620
139,815
20,775
119,024
–
118,332
8,735
–
2,623
1,643
938
–
148,704
139,703
20,548
119,223
–
118,584
8,869
–
6,672
4,027
2,333
20,159
6,106
3,726
2,062
21,347
6,138
3,656
2,199
20,824
6,673
4,063
2,318
19,774
6,085
3,536
2,221
20,171
6,022
3,548
2,172
20,243
5,988
3,544
2,134
20,311
5,988
3,579
2,104
20,615
6,123
3,631
2,154
20,428
6,569
3,966
2,320
19,786
6,005
3,654
2,053
20,991
6,032
3,588
2,182
20,463
6,586
4,013
2,293
19,398
5,970
3,469
2,208
19,783
5,910
3,482
2,161
19,932
5,851
3,467
2,116
19,973
5,897
3,519
2,099
20,238
6,032
3,575
2,138
20,084
Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
147,635
4,491
1,445
3,046
143,144
13,584
129,560
96,300
32,563
31,103
32,634
33,260
150,060
4,608
1,530
3,078
145,453
13,848
131,605
97,380
33,322
31,370
32,688
34,225
150,738
4,648
1,515
3,133
146,090
13,932
132,158
97,866
33,421
31,560
32,884
34,292
148,333
4,777
1,605
3,171
143,556
13,825
129,657
96,514
32,697
31,111
32,706
33,143
149,444
4,729
1,559
3,142
144,714
13,920
130,837
96,960
32,814
31,361
32,785
33,877
149,929
4,899
1,648
3,232
145,030
14,061
130,995
96,976
32,891
31,466
32,620
34,019
150,544
4,901
1,669
3,222
145,644
14,056
131,597
97,583
33,320
31,511
32,752
34,014
151,074
4,990
1,731
3,279
146,085
14,109
131,922
97,736
33,370
31,548
32,818
34,186
151,320
4,931
1,688
3,252
146,389
14,171
132,116
97,932
33,493
31,555
32,883
34,184
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78,275
2,153
668
1,485
76,122
6,932
69,190
51,615
17,639
16,746
17,230
17,575
79,415
2,267
701
1,565
77,148
7,107
70,041
52,013
17,905
16,895
17,213
18,027
79,884
2,245
654
1,592
77,639
7,145
70,494
52,343
18,102
16,937
17,303
18,151
78,994
2,346
758
1,575
76,647
7,080
69,528
51,935
17,798
16,832
17,305
17,593
79,182
2,358
781
1,571
76,823
7,026
69,767
51,862
17,732
16,829
17,302
17,905
79,546
2,427
780
1,631
77,119
7,173
69,945
51,935
17,785
16,933
17,217
18,010
80,104
2,400
813
1,587
77,704
7,191
70,500
52,436
18,069
17,010
17,357
18,064
80,491
2,501
830
1,681
77,991
7,293
70,637
52,513
18,056
17,075
17,382
18,125
80,543
2,447
770
1,674
78,096
7,284
70,750
52,580
18,199
17,018
17,363
18,170
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69,360
2,339
778
1,561
67,022
6,652
60,370
44,685
14,924
14,356
15,404
15,685
70,646
2,341
829
1,512
68,305
6,741
61,564
45,367
15,417
14,475
15,475
16,197
70,854
2,402
861
1,541
68,451
6,787
61,664
45,523
15,319
14,623
15,582
16,141
69,339
2,431
847
1,596
66,909
6,744
60,129
44,579
14,899
14,279
15,401
15,550
70,262
2,371
778
1,571
67,891
6,894
61,070
45,098
15,082
14,533
15,483
15,972
70,383
2,472
868
1,601
67,911
6,888
61,051
45,042
15,106
14,533
15,403
16,009
70,440
2,501
856
1,635
67,940
6,865
61,096
45,147
15,250
14,501
15,395
15,950
70,583
2,489
901
1,598
68,094
6,817
61,285
45,224
15,315
14,474
15,435
16,061
70,777
2,485
918
1,578
68,293
6,887
61,366
45,351
15,294
14,537
15,520
16,015
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45,103
35,232
9,443
44,874
35,344
9,638
45,153
35,626
9,744
45,260
35,110
–
44,816
35,185
–
45,187
35,080
–
45,231
34,997
–
45,175
35,100
–
45,266
35,387
–
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
119,981
27,655
121,757
28,303
122,522
28,216
120,976
27,293
122,099
27,332
122,603
27,359
123,141
27,364
123,206
27,853
123,447
27,818
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,264
4.9
7,454
5.0
7,592
5.0
7,132
4.8
7,414
5.0
7,738
5.2
7,504
5.0
7,339
4.9
7,466
4.9
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,514
9,469
5,793
9,463
5,567
9,724
–
9,614
–
9,415
–
9,364
–
9,526
–
9,613
–
9,807
1
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic
Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,557
1,018
354
648
7,540
1,581
5,932
4,559
1,955
1,339
1,264
1,353
7,815
920
401
525
6,895
1,328
5,571
4,229
1,775
1,257
1,196
1,344
7,966
929
402
529
7,036
1,299
5,717
4,311
1,819
1,266
1,227
1,387
5.5
17.6
18.0
17.0
5.0
10.3
4.4
4.5
5.6
4.1
3.7
3.9
5.0
15.6
17.1
15.2
4.6
9.6
4.1
4.3
5.5
3.9
3.3
3.7
5.0
16.1
17.4
15.2
4.6
9.4
4.0
4.3
5.3
4.0
3.6
3.2
4.9
16.0
17.9
14.9
4.5
8.2
4.0
4.2
5.1
4.0
3.5
3.7
4.9
15.6
18.8
13.8
4.5
8.6
4.1
4.1
5.1
3.8
3.5
3.8
5.0
15.9
19.2
14.0
4.6
8.4
4.1
4.2
5.2
3.9
3.6
3.9
Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,663
579
195
377
4,084
885
3,176
2,430
1,048
716
665
747
4,181
504
226
285
3,677
745
2,938
2,182
959
637
586
756
4,222
503
227
280
3,719
729
2,970
2,221
947
632
642
749
5.6
19.8
20.4
19.3
5.1
11.1
4.4
4.5
5.6
4.1
3.7
4.1
5.2
18.1
19.1
17.8
4.7
11.2
4.0
4.2
5.6
3.7
3.2
3.7
5.2
17.7
20.6
15.8
4.7
10.3
4.1
4.3
5.6
3.9
3.5
3.5
4.9
17.4
19.8
16.1
4.5
9.0
3.9
4.0
5.0
3.6
3.3
3.7
4.9
16.8
21.4
14.5
4.5
9.3
4.0
4.0
5.0
3.6
3.3
4.0
5.0
17.0
22.8
14.3
4.5
9.1
4.0
4.1
4.9
3.6
3.6
4.0
Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,894
439
159
271
3,455
696
2,755
2,129
907
623
598
603
3,634
415
176
240
3,219
583
2,632
2,047
817
619
610
577
3,743
426
175
248
3,317
570
2,747
2,089
872
633
584
629
5.3
15.3
15.8
14.5
4.9
9.4
4.4
4.6
5.7
4.2
3.7
3.7
4.9
13.0
15.1
12.5
4.6
7.9
4.2
4.4
5.4
4.3
3.4
3.6
4.8
14.4
14.2
14.7
4.4
8.5
4.0
4.4
5.0
4.2
3.8
3.1
4.9
14.5
16.1
13.8
4.5
7.3
4.2
4.5
5.2
4.4
3.8
3.5
4.9
14.3
16.3
13.1
4.5
7.9
4.1
4.3
5.1
4.1
3.8
3.5
5.0
14.6
16.0
13.6
4.6
7.6
4.3
4.4
5.4
4.2
3.6
3.8
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present..................... .
Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,297
1,092
830
1,182
1,077
729
1,357
1,135
713
2.8
3.0
8.1
2.7
3.1
6.9
2.7
3.0
5.8
2.6
3.0
7.1
2.6
3.0
7.0
2.9
3.1
6.8
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,139
1,411
6,380
1,430
6,586
1,389
5.6
4.9
5.1
4.9
5.1
4.6
4.9
5.0
4.9
4.9
5.1
4.8
1
Not seasonally adjusted.
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
3
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
4,503
1,199
3,304
2,298
1,006
853
2,597
729
4,244
1,282
2,962
2,049
912
766
2,467
742
4,149
1,106
3,044
2,153
891
829
2,450
688
4,194
1,004
3,190
2,229
961
870
2,666
812
3,873
939
2,934
2,112
822
800
2,449
847
3,796
937
2,859
2,044
815
821
2,476
858
3,664
923
2,741
1,876
865
766
2,468
827
3,749
960
2,790
1,969
821
760
2,467
833
3,835
921
2,914
2,068
845
833
2,495
778
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
51.9
13.8
38.0
9.8
29.9
8.4
51.6
15.6
36.0
9.3
30.0
9.0
51.1
13.6
37.5
10.2
30.2
8.5
49.1
11.8
37.3
10.2
31.2
9.5
48.6
11.8
36.8
10.0
30.7
10.6
47.7
11.8
36.0
10.3
31.1
10.8
47.4
11.9
35.5
9.9
31.9
10.7
48.0
12.3
35.7
9.7
31.6
10.7
48.3
11.6
36.7
10.5
31.4
9.8
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants............... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... .
2.9
0.5
1.7
0.5
2.7
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.6
0.5
1.5
0.4
2.7
0.6
1.7
0.5
2.5
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.4
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.3
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.4
0.5
1.6
0.5
2.4
0.5
1.6
0.5
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,108
2,511
4,064
1,428
2,635
2,057
2,636
3,525
1,277
2,248
2,083
2,382
3,651
1,346
2,305
2,488
2,330
3,801
1,255
2,547
2,412
2,253
3,324
1,270
2,054
2,405
2,192
3,320
1,235
2,085
2,249
2,282
3,224
1,135
2,089
2,297
2,236
3,297
1,132
2,165
2,412
2,205
3,391
1,178
2,213
Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31.3
13.2
29.0
11.7
29.1
12.7
30.4
12.1
27.9
10.7
27.6
10.5
28.9
10.9
29.0
11.2
28.4
11.4
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24.3
28.9
46.8
16.5
30.4
25.0
32.1
42.9
15.5
27.4
25.7
29.3
45.0
16.6
28.4
28.9
27.0
44.1
14.6
29.5
30.2
28.2
41.6
15.9
25.7
30.4
27.7
41.9
15.6
26.3
29.0
29.4
41.6
14.6
26.9
29.3
28.6
42.1
14.5
27.7
30.1
27.5
42.4
14.7
27.6
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations......... . . . . . . . . . . ................................. .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Unemployed
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
147,635
57,805
150,738
60,080
8,682
1,398
8,116
1,477
5.6
2.4
5.1
2.4
23,955
33,850
25,010
33,927
15,949
17,977
25,220
34,860
25,643
33,445
15,963
17,482
638
760
1,782
2,000
976
1,024
642
835
1,797
1,710
726
983
2.6
2.2
6.6
5.6
5.8
5.4
2.5
2.3
6.5
4.9
4.4
5.3
13,437
999
7,439
5,000
13,482
1,043
7,564
4,875
1,366
186
922
259
1,237
153
807
277
9.2
15.7
11.0
4.9
8.4
12.8
9.6
5.4
17,456
8,631
8,825
18,088
8,864
9,224
1,372
593
779
1,169
558
611
7.3
6.4
8.1
6.1
5.9
6.2
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker
Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing......... . . . . . . . . . . .................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . ......................................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
8,682
6,736
84
831
734
469
265
1,252
263
84
248
1,019
742
1,135
344
251
509
456
8,116
6,187
87
768
669
398
271
1,031
262
124
294
910
788
981
273
176
656
409
5.6
5.5
8.0
9.5
4.8
4.8
4.7
6.0
4.3
3.0
2.6
6.5
3.3
8.6
5.4
14.9
2.4
4.5
5.1
5.0
9.8
8.7
4.3
4.0
4.6
5.1
3.9
4.4
3.0
5.5
3.4
7.2
4.3
10.7
3.0
4.0
Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,
as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016
Mar.
2016
2.6
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.1
2.9
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.4
5.6
5.2
5.1
5.5
5.0
5.0
4.9
4.9
5.0
6.0
5.6
5.5
5.9
5.4
5.4
5.3
5.3
5.3
6.8
6.3
6.1
6.7
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.0
6.0
11.0
10.1
9.9
10.9
9.9
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.8
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category
Mar.
2015
Men
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Women
Mar.
2016
Mar.
2015
Mar.
2016
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .
93,762
6,065
2,055
738
1,317
93,914
5,446
1,720
585
1,135
37,509
2,911
1,083
485
599
37,729
2,451
903
361
542
56,253
3,154
972
254
718
56,185
2,995
816
224
592
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4. . . . . . . . . ................................... .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time. . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7,264
4.9
3,872
1,988
244
1,120
7,592
5.0
4,254
2,051
281
976
3,580
4.6
2,132
702
154
571
3,730
4.7
2,337
715
187
473
3,684
5.3
1,741
1,287
90
549
3,862
5.5
1,917
1,336
93
503
1
Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
140,099
117,751
19,153
141,150
119,229
19,197
141,987
119,645
19,167
142,877
120,411
19,280
140,972
119,011
19,548
143,314
121,261
19,702
143,559
121,497
19,687
143,774
121,692
19,683
Change
from:
Feb.2016 Mar.2016p
215
195
-4
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral mining and
quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
848
50.7
797.1
195.9
197.1
68.0
42.7
740
49.4
690.1
181.9
182.2
58.9
39.1
716
49.9
666.3
178.7
181.0
57.2
39.0
703
49.4
653.7
176.4
181.2
56.0
38.3
859
53.0
806.1
197.9
203.1
67.9
43.0
749
50.4
698.5
181.7
190.3
59.4
39.2
732
51.5
680.4
179.8
188.8
57.8
39.1
720
51.5
668.0
178.7
187.4
56.7
38.5
-12
0.0
-12.4
-1.1
-1.4
-1.1
-0.6
86.4
404.1
84.2
326.0
84.8
306.6
86.9
296.1
92.2
405.1
91.8
326.5
92.0
311.8
92.2
301.9
0.2
-9.9
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .
6,051
1,362.6
656.5
706.1
845.6
3,842.5
1,647.8
2,194.7
6,212
1,394.4
682.8
711.6
831.2
3,986.8
1,738.7
2,248.1
6,215
1,392.9
680.7
712.2
836.3
3,986.0
1,750.3
2,235.7
6,349
1,416.1
687.8
728.3
872.6
4,060.6
1,780.3
2,280.3
6,371
1,414.8
686.9
727.9
925.7
4,030.9
1,745.2
2,285.7
6,615
1,451.9
713.4
738.5
939.6
4,223.4
1,855.0
2,368.4
6,635
1,458.4
715.9
742.5
942.0
4,234.5
1,868.8
2,365.7
6,672
1,466.4
717.7
748.7
953.2
4,252.6
1,880.4
2,372.2
37
8.0
1.8
6.2
11.2
18.1
11.6
6.5
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous computer and electronic
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12,254
12,245
12,236
12,228
12,318
12,338
12,320
12,291
-29
7,744
372.9
383.5
399.7
1,465.0
1,134.0
1,050.4
158.4
88.9
7,696
378.0
386.2
382.8
1,438.1
1,098.5
1,042.9
161.6
85.5
7,684
377.3
385.0
379.6
1,431.2
1,095.2
1,041.8
161.9
84.7
7,677
376.4
392.3
377.9
1,429.1
1,088.6
1,040.3
162.9
84.7
7,769
378.0
393.3
399.7
1,470.7
1,134.8
1,052.8
159.7
89.0
7,742
383.4
400.9
382.1
1,446.5
1,099.1
1,045.6
161.4
85.6
7,725
382.4
401.6
380.4
1,438.8
1,095.2
1,045.1
162.5
85.1
7,701
381.6
402.6
377.8
1,434.6
1,088.7
1,041.7
163.5
84.9
-24
-0.8
1.0
-2.6
-4.2
-6.5
-3.4
1.0
-0.2
368.3
398.5
364.4
396.8
364.4
395.8
361.8
395.9
368.9
398.7
365.2
398.5
364.8
397.4
362.1
396.1
-2.7
-1.3
36.3
382.1
1,596.8
904.5
375.4
34.6
384.9
1,603.4
918.7
385.1
35.0
385.1
1,606.3
922.1
386.7
35.0
384.8
1,606.0
923.5
387.5
36.5
383.6
1,591.1
899.5
377.4
34.8
385.8
1,609.9
921.2
389.5
35.2
385.5
1,605.7
921.5
391.4
35.1
386.2
1,601.4
920.0
389.6
-0.1
0.7
-4.3
-1.5
-1.8
584.1
596.0
595.6
593.9
587.2
599.0
598.9
597.1
-1.8
4,510
1,482.0
117.1
114.7
137.3
371.4
449.9
105.4
805.8
683.3
4,549
1,497.4
115.0
116.3
134.3
372.4
446.6
111.6
813.1
686.6
4,552
1,497.0
114.4
116.9
134.7
371.1
443.9
111.2
815.7
687.9
4,551
1,494.3
114.5
117.0
133.4
371.1
444.8
112.7
817.3
689.1
4,549
1,505.7
117.2
115.8
137.0
373.3
450.5
108.2
807.0
684.5
4,596
1,521.3
116.2
117.9
134.1
373.3
448.2
115.9
815.3
690.4
4,595
1,518.2
114.8
118.2
134.4
373.0
446.0
115.6
817.0
690.3
4,590
1,516.9
114.4
117.9
133.6
373.0
445.8
115.7
817.9
690.2
-5
-1.3
-0.4
-0.3
-0.8
0.0
-0.2
0.1
0.9
-0.1
242.7
255.7
258.9
257.2
250.1
263.7
267.0
264.6
-2.4
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
98,598
100,032
100,478
101,131
99,463
101,559
101,810
102,009
199
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26,449
26,997
26,830
26,953
26,788
27,173
27,236
27,287
51
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
5,832.1
2,920.5
2,011.2
5,865.8
2,934.6
2,027.1
5,871.6
2,933.7
2,033.1
5,891.0
2,937.1
2,045.0
5,862.7
2,930.6
2,027.7
5,913.7
2,947.9
2,054.4
5,914.7
2,946.5
2,057.4
5,920.2
2,946.6
2,060.9
5.5
0.1
3.5
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Change
from:
Feb.2016 Mar.2016p
Wholesale trade - Continued
Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
900.4
904.1
904.8
908.9
904.4
911.4
910.8
912.7
1.9
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15,305.3
1,900.1
1,219.8
139.6
540.7
460.9
510.5
15,717.5
1,957.5
1,265.4
141.5
550.6
475.7
547.8
15,594.7
1,964.2
1,269.4
143.2
551.6
471.7
528.9
15,692.2
1,979.5
1,276.5
146.7
556.3
473.1
520.9
15,564.4
1,913.3
1,225.7
143.6
544.0
468.2
518.8
15,827.3
1,982.7
1,274.5
151.9
556.3
474.0
528.2
15,894.4
1,986.4
1,277.3
151.7
557.4
477.3
530.6
15,942.1
1,992.1
1,282.3
150.9
559.0
479.8
529.1
47.7
5.7
5.0
-0.8
1.6
2.5
-1.5
1,222.7
3,023.1
1,027.0
885.9
1,299.4
1,197.7
3,050.9
1,037.5
906.2
1,385.5
1,221.8
3,060.8
1,030.4
903.8
1,340.7
1,272.9
3,064.3
1,040.6
909.3
1,331.2
1,234.7
3,060.1
1,034.1
899.5
1,355.0
1,264.4
3,072.4
1,036.0
917.9
1,380.2
1,271.5
3,093.3
1,036.1
920.2
1,391.8
1,281.0
3,100.0
1,046.3
922.3
1,387.4
9.5
6.7
10.2
2.1
-4.4
609.3
3,071.8
1,305.4
1,766.4
799.0
495.6
633.0
3,179.1
1,341.3
1,837.8
821.2
525.4
625.7
3,112.3
1,288.5
1,823.8
816.5
517.9
624.5
3,149.1
1,291.4
1,857.7
809.8
517.0
629.3
3,120.4
1,340.3
1,780.1
823.2
507.8
632.3
3,173.0
1,320.3
1,852.6
839.3
526.9
639.6
3,185.8
1,321.8
1,864.0
833.3
528.5
640.8
3,197.8
1,325.7
1,872.2
835.5
530.0
1.2
12.0
3.9
8.2
2.2
1.5
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,758.6
449.2
247.0
65.1
1,417.9
4,852.1
460.4
222.9
59.6
1,436.8
4,800.8
459.9
219.5
59.1
1,432.3
4,805.9
460.7
217.5
59.2
1,434.0
4,806.1
450.6
247.4
66.6
1,446.1
4,867.9
462.8
223.9
61.5
1,465.6
4,861.4
462.7
220.8
60.9
1,464.7
4,858.9
462.3
218.0
60.9
1,462.3
-2.5
-0.4
-2.8
0.0
-2.4
488.1
48.2
25.1
641.3
587.3
789.4
483.8
50.3
21.0
648.2
633.4
835.7
484.3
49.5
21.1
647.2
592.5
835.4
490.8
48.9
22.3
645.5
590.9
836.1
475.3
48.4
31.0
645.3
600.0
795.4
472.5
50.3
28.9
652.4
608.3
841.7
473.9
49.6
28.7
651.8
604.9
843.4
477.3
49.2
28.8
649.7
605.9
844.5
3.4
-0.4
0.1
-2.1
1.0
1.1
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
553.3
562.0
562.9
563.9
555.2
563.8
565.6
565.6
0.0
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,730
723.5
2,726
724.0
2,764
723.9
2,770
723.6
2,735
726.2
2,763
726.1
2,773
726.7
2,774
725.7
1
-1.0
391.1
279.5
807.7
375.0
278.3
801.4
408.5
279.8
799.9
414.4
279.7
800.6
391.5
279.9
807.7
405.2
279.5
803.0
410.3
280.3
801.4
413.3
279.9
801.0
3.0
-0.4
-0.4
292.3
235.5
295.1
252.3
296.3
255.8
297.1
254.6
292.8
237.2
297.2
251.7
297.8
256.2
298.0
256.1
0.2
-0.1
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . .
Activities related to credit intermediation.. .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .
8,037
5,992.2
17.7
8,155
6,085.9
17.8
8,158
6,088.5
17.8
8,181
6,104.7
17.8
8,082
6,004.2
17.9
8,207
6,096.3
17.9
8,212
6,101.8
17.9
8,227
6,116.9
17.9
15
15.1
0.0
2,556.8
1,679.3
1,277.3
586.5
291.0
2,578.8
1,678.5
1,264.8
600.9
299.4
2,574.5
1,675.4
1,261.7
600.3
298.8
2,584.2
1,682.0
1,267.3
602.5
299.7
2,563.7
1,682.4
1,278.5
589.2
292.1
2,581.8
1,678.1
1,264.4
602.7
301.0
2,581.7
1,678.2
1,263.5
603.6
299.9
2,591.0
1,684.7
1,268.4
605.4
300.9
9.3
6.5
4.9
1.8
1.0
895.7
2,522.0
2,044.6
1,490.7
530.6
23.3
916.8
2,572.5
2,068.8
1,517.5
528.3
23.0
916.7
2,579.5
2,069.6
1,519.5
526.9
23.2
919.9
2,582.8
2,076.5
1,524.5
528.8
23.2
897.7
2,524.9
2,078.1
1,510.3
544.3
23.5
919.8
2,576.8
2,110.6
1,541.5
545.5
23.6
919.0
2,583.2
2,110.6
1,543.3
543.7
23.6
922.1
2,585.9
2,110.0
1,544.3
542.1
23.6
3.1
2.7
-0.6
1.0
-1.6
0.0
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Change
from:
Feb.2016 Mar.2016p
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scientific research and development
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other professional and technical services. . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . .
Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel arrangement and reservation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investigation and security services. . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,233
8,581.7
1,112.9
1,084.6
1,379.8
130.3
19,643
8,797.6
1,114.7
1,087.9
1,415.0
137.0
19,723
8,868.5
1,116.7
1,135.1
1,413.4
137.2
19,828
8,873.1
1,120.8
1,123.5
1,414.8
137.5
19,436
8,527.2
1,116.6
968.6
1,398.8
131.4
19,979
8,789.3
1,123.5
1,008.7
1,431.0
140.1
20,009
8,806.6
1,123.6
1,008.5
1,433.8
138.9
20,042
8,820.1
1,124.8
1,009.0
1,434.1
138.9
33
13.5
1.2
0.5
0.3
0.0
1,863.1
1,952.0
1,957.9
1,952.1
1,876.5
1,957.4
1,963.2
1,967.3
4.1
1,244.0
1,289.2
1,300.0
1,307.5
1,255.2
1,305.4
1,311.2
1,318.0
6.8
649.9
475.2
641.9
2,189.6
8,462.0
8,076.8
464.0
138.8
3,382.3
2,747.9
887.9
657.9
489.7
654.2
2,243.6
8,601.8
8,207.7
480.2
141.1
3,427.4
2,774.9
905.3
657.6
489.8
660.8
2,244.1
8,610.5
8,217.1
482.2
143.4
3,417.0
2,760.1
904.7
663.1
487.9
665.9
2,251.1
8,703.8
8,306.3
484.7
145.7
3,443.7
2,791.6
903.4
651.7
477.9
650.3
2,197.4
8,711.2
8,317.7
466.4
138.1
3,487.0
2,836.9
888.7
664.3
493.3
665.6
2,250.5
8,939.2
8,537.2
483.3
142.7
3,572.0
2,900.3
902.5
663.1
491.9
672.3
2,256.1
8,945.9
8,543.3
484.8
143.6
3,565.4
2,887.9
902.0
664.9
491.0
672.2
2,259.1
8,962.4
8,557.4
486.4
145.1
3,559.2
2,891.9
904.2
1.8
-0.9
-0.1
3.0
16.5
14.1
1.6
1.5
-6.2
4.0
2.2
199.0
860.6
1,842.1
302.1
196.3
877.8
1,864.5
315.1
199.4
879.4
1,870.6
320.4
204.1
880.8
1,920.5
323.4
199.9
867.4
1,968.0
302.1
201.3
884.5
2,032.3
318.7
203.5
886.6
2,035.1
322.2
205.2
887.0
2,047.6
322.8
1.7
0.4
12.5
0.6
385.2
394.1
393.4
397.5
393.5
402.0
402.6
405.0
2.4
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of other health practitioners. . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other ambulatory health care
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental health facilities. . . . . .
Community care facilities for the
elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency and other relief services. . . . . .
Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21,973
3,615.3
18,358.1
14,883.9
6,765.9
2,502.1
894.3
801.9
734.1
256.6
1,294.7
22,261
3,385.0
18,876.3
15,300.2
6,985.7
2,570.8
922.7
829.3
759.0
256.3
1,358.0
22,590
3,656.2
18,934.2
15,335.7
7,015.9
2,577.1
926.2
835.7
761.9
256.5
1,367.4
22,687
3,684.5
19,002.4
15,384.8
7,050.2
2,584.9
926.0
841.4
765.5
258.9
1,380.8
21,828
3,452.7
18,374.9
14,917.1
6,786.1
2,506.9
899.2
804.8
735.1
256.1
1,301.3
22,404
3,484.4
18,919.4
15,342.9
7,011.6
2,575.2
925.9
833.3
760.7
257.3
1,366.3
22,488
3,509.8
18,977.8
15,383.6
7,040.3
2,582.2
929.3
837.9
764.0
257.1
1,376.2
22,539
3,517.2
19,021.8
15,420.4
7,067.7
2,588.2
931.4
842.7
766.6
258.9
1,385.8
51
7.4
44.0
36.8
27.4
6.0
2.1
4.8
2.6
1.8
9.6
282.2
4,853.3
3,264.7
1,639.7
603.2
289.6
5,013.5
3,301.0
1,650.5
608.0
291.1
5,022.8
3,297.0
1,642.0
609.8
292.7
5,034.4
3,300.2
1,640.9
612.1
282.8
4,856.3
3,274.7
1,644.6
605.1
293.0
5,018.0
3,313.3
1,655.3
610.9
293.6
5,029.5
3,313.8
1,650.8
612.9
294.0
5,039.7
3,313.0
1,647.6
613.9
0.4
10.2
-0.8
-3.2
1.0
860.5
161.3
3,474.2
2,099.6
153.7
332.4
888.5
882.3
160.2
3,576.1
2,186.0
156.6
331.0
902.5
884.0
161.2
3,598.5
2,198.2
156.7
332.7
910.9
885.2
162.0
3,617.6
2,206.2
157.8
332.6
921.0
862.5
162.5
3,457.8
2,098.5
154.0
336.4
868.9
884.8
162.2
3,576.5
2,189.9
157.3
335.1
894.3
887.0
163.1
3,594.2
2,202.1
157.8
337.0
897.4
888.4
163.1
3,601.4
2,207.3
158.0
336.0
900.1
1.4
0.0
7.2
5.2
0.2
-1.0
2.7
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
14,599
1,982.2
428.9
14,661
1,950.1
412.5
14,792
1,985.5
431.0
15,060
2,059.3
450.5
14,989
2,139.7
446.6
15,376
2,199.7
464.5
15,421
2,208.0
467.2
15,461
2,221.3
469.5
40
13.3
2.3
142.9
1,410.4
12,617.0
139.7
1,397.9
12,710.6
138.9
1,415.6
12,806.0
145.0
1,463.8
13,000.3
150.3
1,542.8
12,849.5
152.0
1,583.2
13,176.4
150.8
1,590.0
13,212.9
152.5
1,599.3
13,239.2
1.7
9.3
26.3
Industry
Private service-providing - Continued
See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Change
from:
Feb.2016 Mar.2016p
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .
1,851.6
10,765.4
1,827.4
10,883.2
1,846.4
10,959.6
1,868.6
11,131.7
1,915.9
10,933.6
1,926.5
11,249.9
1,930.1
11,282.8
1,931.6
11,307.6
1.5
24.8
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .
5,577
1,267.4
1,381.3
2,928.0
5,589
1,271.0
1,395.8
2,922.3
5,621
1,284.0
1,401.8
2,935.4
5,652
1,287.7
1,416.0
2,948.5
5,605
1,269.4
1,389.8
2,945.6
5,657
1,285.5
1,414.5
2,957.2
5,671
1,291.8
1,420.3
2,959.0
5,679
1,290.3
1,424.9
2,964.2
8
-1.5
4.6
5.2
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
22,348
2,734.0
2,141.7
592.7
5,250.0
2,582.1
2,667.9
14,364.0
8,164.3
6,199.3
21,921
2,748.0
2,152.6
595.4
5,022.0
2,365.2
2,657.2
14,151.0
7,922.1
6,228.6
22,342
2,754.0
2,151.8
602.0
5,225.0
2,568.4
2,656.9
14,363.0
8,111.4
6,251.4
22,466
2,759.0
2,154.5
604.2
5,253.0
2,592.0
2,660.7
14,454.0
8,165.7
6,288.7
21,961
2,747.0
2,152.2
595.1
5,094.0
2,419.0
2,674.5
14,120.0
7,816.0
6,304.1
22,053
2,763.0
2,165.1
598.0
5,107.0
2,436.6
2,670.1
14,183.0
7,817.4
6,365.9
22,062
2,768.0
2,165.1
603.2
5,101.0
2,431.8
2,669.2
14,193.0
7,813.5
6,379.4
22,082
2,770.0
2,164.7
604.9
5,100.0
2,431.8
2,667.8
14,212.0
7,819.5
6,392.2
20
2.0
-0.4
1.7
-1.0
0.0
-1.4
19.0
6.0
12.8
Industry
Accommodation and food services Continued
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
34.5
40.4
44.5
39.0
40.8
41.2
40.2
33.4
34.6
38.8
31.4
38.9
42.9
36.4
37.5
36.2
32.8
26.2
31.8
34.6
40.4
43.5
39.3
40.7
41.2
40.0
33.4
34.6
38.9
31.4
39.0
42.5
36.2
37.7
36.3
32.9
26.2
32.0
34.4
40.2
43.2
38.9
40.7
41.1
39.9
33.3
34.5
39.0
31.3
38.9
41.5
35.9
37.6
36.1
32.8
26.2
31.9
34.4
40.0
42.6
38.7
40.6
41.1
39.8
33.3
34.4
38.8
31.1
38.9
41.9
35.9
37.6
36.0
32.9
26.1
31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.3
Industry
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$24.87
26.06
31.04
27.24
25.10
26.43
22.77
24.58
21.66
28.40
17.30
22.92
36.85
34.67
31.32
29.90
25.13
14.23
22.35
$25.38
26.51
31.73
27.63
25.60
26.93
23.29
25.12
22.08
29.01
17.73
23.09
37.81
36.04
32.11
30.52
25.58
14.61
22.81
$25.36
26.54
31.48
27.72
25.62
26.94
23.33
25.09
22.08
29.05
17.73
23.08
37.68
36.18
31.98
30.44
25.60
14.61
22.79
$25.43
26.63
31.56
27.85
25.69
26.97
23.47
25.15
22.17
29.31
17.77
23.06
37.91
36.26
32.14
30.53
25.59
14.65
22.75
$858.02
1,052.82
1,381.28
1,062.36
1,024.08
1,088.92
915.35
820.97
749.44
1,101.92
543.22
891.59
1,580.87
1,261.99
1,174.50
1,082.38
824.26
372.83
710.73
$878.15
1,071.00
1,380.26
1,085.86
1,041.92
1,109.52
931.60
839.01
763.97
1,128.49
556.72
900.51
1,606.93
1,304.65
1,210.55
1,107.88
841.58
382.78
729.92
$872.38
1,066.91
1,359.94
1,078.31
1,042.73
1,107.23
930.87
835.50
761.76
1,132.95
554.95
897.81
1,563.72
1,298.86
1,202.45
1,098.88
839.68
382.78
727.00
$874.79
1,065.20
1,344.46
1,077.80
1,043.01
1,108.47
934.11
837.50
762.65
1,137.23
552.65
897.03
1,588.43
1,301.73
1,208.46
1,099.08
841.91
382.37
725.73
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Feb.
2016 Mar.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
103.1
90.0
120.1
85.7
90.4
90.1
91.3
106.9
100.8
99.2
99.3
107.0
103.1
90.9
99.3
110.7
116.9
112.1
102.8
105.3
90.7
102.4
89.6
90.3
89.8
91.7
109.1
102.3
100.4
101.0
108.7
103.7
91.3
101.3
114.1
120.4
114.9
104.4
104.9
90.2
99.4
89.0
90.2
89.4
91.5
109.1
102.2
100.6
101.1
108.2
101.6
90.9
101.1
113.6
120.4
115.3
104.3
105.1
89.7
96.4
89.0
89.8
89.1
91.2
109.3
102.1
100.2
100.7
108.2
102.5
90.9
101.3
113.5
121.1
115.1
104.5
0.2
-0.6
-3.0
0.0
-0.4
-0.3
-0.3
0.2
-0.1
-0.4
-0.4
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.2
-0.1
0.6
-0.2
0.2
1
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Feb.
2016 Mar.
2016p
122.5
106.0
149.7
101.4
105.5
105.8
105.4
127.7
117.5
117.6
113.5
124.5
125.5
112.2
121.3
134.0
141.3
128.6
125.9
127.8
108.7
130.4
107.6
107.6
107.4
108.4
133.2
121.5
121.5
118.3
127.3
129.5
117.2
126.9
141.0
148.0
135.5
130.5
127.2
108.2
125.6
107.2
107.5
106.9
108.3
133.0
121.4
122.0
118.5
126.8
126.4
117.1
126.1
140.1
148.3
135.9
130.3
127.7
108.0
122.1
107.7
107.3
106.7
108.6
133.6
121.8
122.6
118.3
126.6
128.4
117.4
127.0
140.4
149.0
136.1
130.2
0.4
-0.2
-2.8
0.5
-0.2
-0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.5
-0.2
-0.2
1.6
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.1
-0.1
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)
Percent of all employees
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .
69,541
56,983
4,275
119
803
3,353
1,800
1,553
52,708
10,854
1,726.6
7,851.7
1,142.0
133.7
1,101
4,622
8,637
16,796
7,772
2,926
12,558
70,835
58,210
4,295
107
824
3,364
1,801
1,563
53,915
11,020
1,740.3
7,991.3
1,152.8
135.2
1,107
4,684
8,926
17,264
7,957
2,957
12,625
71,013
58,381
4,294
106
826
3,362
1,799
1,563
54,087
11,053
1,741.1
8,021.8
1,154.7
135.0
1,111
4,690
8,950
17,326
7,993
2,964
12,632
71,156
58,514
4,295
105
829
3,361
1,799
1,562
54,219
11,077
1,744.4
8,047.1
1,150.6
134.6
1,114
4,697
8,972
17,370
8,016
2,973
12,642
49.3
47.9
21.9
13.9
12.6
27.2
23.2
34.1
53.0
40.5
29.5
50.4
23.8
24.1
40.3
57.2
44.4
76.9
51.9
52.2
57.2
49.4
48.0
21.8
14.3
12.5
27.3
23.3
34.0
53.1
40.6
29.4
50.5
23.7
24.0
40.1
57.1
44.7
77.1
51.7
52.3
57.2
49.5
48.1
21.8
14.5
12.4
27.3
23.3
34.0
53.1
40.6
29.4
50.5
23.8
23.9
40.1
57.1
44.7
77.0
51.8
52.3
57.3
49.5
48.1
21.8
14.6
12.4
27.3
23.4
34.0
53.2
40.6
29.5
50.5
23.7
23.8
40.2
57.1
44.8
77.1
51.8
52.4
57.3
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
98,154
14,087
630
4,784
8,673
5,350
3,323
84,067
22,585
4,717.3
13,257.4
4,163.8
446.9
2,214
6,240
15,997
19,151
13,212
4,668
99,910
14,209
541
4,981
8,687
5,336
3,351
85,701
22,841
4,737.2
13,444.2
4,207.4
451.8
2,228
6,350
16,402
19,662
13,516
4,702
100,095
14,193
525
5,000
8,668
5,323
3,345
85,902
22,907
4,737.2
13,505.1
4,211.6
452.7
2,240
6,357
16,405
19,731
13,551
4,711
100,250
14,197
511
5,028
8,658
5,319
3,339
86,053
22,946
4,735.2
13,547.8
4,209.8
452.8
2,241
6,372
16,422
19,766
13,599
4,707
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .
33.7
41.1
46.2
39.2
41.8
42.1
41.4
32.4
33.7
38.6
30.0
38.7
42.8
35.9
37.0
35.4
32.0
25.1
30.7
33.7
41.3
46.0
39.8
41.9
42.3
41.2
32.5
33.7
38.5
30.0
38.9
42.9
35.8
37.2
35.6
32.2
24.9
30.6
33.6
41.2
44.7
40.0
41.7
42.1
41.1
32.4
33.6
38.5
29.9
38.9
41.7
35.5
37.1
35.4
32.1
24.9
30.7
33.6
40.9
43.9
39.3
41.7
42.1
41.1
32.4
33.5
38.5
29.8
38.9
42.3
35.6
37.1
35.5
32.2
24.8
30.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .
4.3
4.3
4.4
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.2
Industry
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings
Average weekly earnings
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$20.89
21.83
26.45
25.08
19.78
20.87
17.99
20.70
18.56
23.52
14.64
20.82
33.90
28.64
25.16
24.58
21.98
12.34
18.90
$21.33
22.22
26.77
25.41
20.17
21.23
18.46
21.14
18.88
23.96
14.97
20.99
34.55
29.59
25.85
25.11
22.34
12.66
19.19
$21.33
22.26
26.77
25.42
20.21
21.28
18.46
21.14
18.85
23.93
14.97
20.95
34.59
29.73
25.84
25.08
22.42
12.67
19.19
$21.37
22.38
26.73
25.68
20.30
21.38
18.55
21.16
18.90
23.98
15.04
20.94
34.58
29.64
25.85
25.11
22.42
12.70
19.16
$703.99
897.21
1,221.99
983.14
826.80
878.63
744.79
670.68
625.47
907.87
439.20
805.73
1,450.92
1,028.18
930.92
870.13
703.36
309.73
580.23
$718.82
917.69
1,231.42
1,011.32
845.12
898.03
760.55
687.05
636.26
922.46
449.10
816.51
1,482.20
1,059.32
961.62
893.92
719.35
315.23
587.21
$716.69
917.11
1,196.62
1,016.80
842.76
895.89
758.71
684.94
633.36
921.31
447.60
814.96
1,442.40
1,055.42
958.66
887.83
719.68
315.48
589.13
$718.03
915.34
1,173.45
1,009.22
846.51
900.10
762.41
685.58
633.15
923.23
448.19
814.57
1,462.73
1,055.18
959.04
891.41
721.92
314.96
588.21
1
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3
Industry
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Feb.
2016 Mar.
2016p
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
110.2
88.5
154.7
93.9
83.2
84.6
81.1
116.0
106.1
107.2
100.7
121.3
97.8
90.7
108.7
126.9
130.6
121.5
100.5
112.2
89.7
132.2
99.3
83.6
84.8
81.3
118.6
107.3
107.4
102.1
123.2
99.1
91.0
111.2
130.9
135.0
123.3
100.9
112.1
89.4
124.7
100.1
83.0
84.2
81.0
118.5
107.3
107.4
102.2
123.3
96.5
90.8
111.0
130.2
135.0
123.6
101.4
112.2
88.7
119.2
98.9
82.9
84.1
80.9
118.7
107.2
107.4
102.2
123.3
97.9
91.1
111.3
130.7
135.7
123.5
101.3
0.1
-0.8
-4.4
-1.2
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
-0.1
-0.1
1
Mar.
2015
Jan.
2016
Feb.
2016p
Mar.
2016p
Percent
change
from:
Feb.
2016 Mar.
2016p
153.9
118.3
237.9
127.2
107.7
110.3
103.0
164.7
140.5
148.6
126.3
160.2
138.4
128.6
168.2
185.6
189.5
170.2
138.4
159.9
122.0
205.9
136.2
110.2
112.4
106.1
172.0
144.5
151.6
131.0
164.0
142.9
133.4
176.9
195.5
199.0
177.2
141.1
159.7
121.8
194.2
137.5
109.7
111.9
105.7
171.8
144.3
151.4
131.1
163.9
139.4
133.6
176.5
194.2
199.8
177.8
141.8
160.3
121.6
185.3
137.2
110.0
112.3
106.0
172.3
144.5
151.7
131.7
163.7
141.4
133.6
177.0
195.2
200.8
178.2
141.5
0.4
-0.2
-4.6
-0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.5
-0.1
1.4
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.2
-0.2
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.