Geographic Profile of Employment
and Unemployment, 1997
U.S. Department of Labor
Alexis M. Herman, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner
June 1999
Bulletin 2515
Preface
A
mated undercount, are not generally available for geographic
areas below the State level. The CPS metropolitan area
and city estimates may differ from the official estimates
produced by the individual States through the LAUS program. CPS estimates are provided herein because they are
the only current source of information on demographic and
economic characteristics for these areas. Official 1997 annual average LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas appeared
in the May 1998 issue of Employment and Earnings. Official LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas and cities were
published in the report, Supplement to Unemployment in
States and Local Areas, 1997. Geographic definitions for
metropolitan areas in this publication reflect those issued by
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on June 30,
1993. (See appendix C.)
An errata of tables 1-11 from the Geographic Profile of
Employment and Unemployment, 1996, is included in this
publication.
The Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics, in
collaboration with the Division of Data Development and
Publications, in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics prepared this bulletin. Editorial assistance was
provided by the Data Users and Publication Services Group.
Information in this bulletin is available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-7828; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8399. Material in this publication is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit,
may be reproduced without permission.
nnual data on the labor force, employment, and unemployment in States and sub-State areas are available from
two major sources—the Current Population Survey (CPS) and
the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
The CPS is a sample survey of about 50,000 households conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS). The LAUS program is a Federal-State cooperative endeavor, in which State employment security agencies prepare estimates using concepts, definitions, and estimation procedures prescribed by BLS.
This bulletin presents 1997 annual averages from the CPS
for census regions and divisions, the 50 States and the District of Columbia, 50 large metropolitan areas, and 17 central
cities. Data are provided on the employed and unemployed
by selected demographic and economic characteristics.
Tables 1-11 present 1997 annual average labor force estimates for census regions and divisions. Similar information
for all States and the District of Columbia appears in tables
12-22. All these data incorporate updated 1990 census-based
population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount.
The LAUS program uses the total CPS estimates for States
and the District of Columbia as the official annual average
labor force statistics.
Tables 23-27 display 1997 annual average rates, ratios,
and percent distributions from the CPS for 50 large metropolitan areas and 17 central cities. Levels for the various
labor force categories are not presented because independent
1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the esti-
iii
Contents
Page
Geographic profile of employment and unemployment, 1997 ........................................................................................
1
Section I. Estimates for Census regions and divisions ....................................................................................................
3
Tables:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Census regions and divisions, 1997 annual averages:
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..........
Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..........
Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation .....................................................
Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin ..............................
Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary
workers by industry .......................................................................................................................................
Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry, sex,
race, and Hispanic origin ..............................................................................................................................
Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..................................................................................
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status ............
Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at work ............
Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for
unemployment ...............................................................................................................................................
Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of
unemployment ...............................................................................................................................................
5
10
13
17
22
25
30
32
34
36
38
Section II: Estimates for States ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Charts:
1. Unemployment rates by State, 1997 annual averages ..................................................................................... 43
2. Employment-population ratios by State, 1997 annual averages ..................................................................... 43
Tables:
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
States, 1997 annual averages:
Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..........
Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..........
Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation .....................................................
Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation ..............................
Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by industry .........................................................
Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry ...................................
Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ..................................................................................
Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status ............
Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason ................................................................................
Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for
unemployment ..............................................................................................................................................
22. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of
unemployment ..............................................................................................................................................
v
44
57
64
68
74
78
84
90
95
96
100
Contents—Contin
ued
Contents—Continued
Page
Section III. Estimates for metropolitan areas and cities ................................................................................................... 104
Tables: Metropolitan areas and cities, 1997 annual averages:
23. Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex,
age, race, and Hispanic origin ......................................................................................................................
24. Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation ..............................
25. Unemployment rates by occupation ................................................................................................................
26. Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex, race, and Hispanic
origin ............................................................................................................................................................
27. Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry ........................................................................
106
118
126
128
136
Appendixes:
A. Concepts and definitions for data derived from the Current Population Survey ........................................................ 138
B. Sampling and estimation procedures and sampling error tables ................................................................................. 140
C. Geographic boundary definitions ............................................................................................................................... 155
vi
Geographic Profile of Employment
and Unemployment, 1997
T
he Current Population Survey (CPS) is the regular
monthly survey of about 50,000 households from which
the national unemployment rate is derived. (See appendix A
for concepts and definitions used in the CPS and appendix B
for a description of the estimation procedure.)
Determination of which annual average estimates of the
labor force by demographic characteristics (age, sex, race,
and Hispanic origin) and economic characteristics of the
employed and unemployed are published in this bulletin is
explained in appendix B. Table B-1 lists the minimum bases
required for publication for various geographic areas.
Estimates for census regions and divisions are shown in
section I; data for States are shown in section II, and limited
data for metropolitan areas and cities are shown in section
III. Estimates of levels are not provided in section III be-
cause population controls needed to make estimates of levels
comparable to those in the other sections of this publication
are not available.
Because the estimates are based on a survey rather than on
a complete census of the population, they are subject to sampling error. Consequently, error ranges have been calculated,
in the form of 90-percent confidence intervals, and displayed
for the unemployment rates in the first table of sections I, II,
and III. In addition, appendix B provides tables from which
the sampling error ranges can be obtained for the data in other
tables in sections I and II. Separate error tables are not provided for each population group (i.e., total, white, black, or
Hispanic). Instead, one table is used for all population groups
for a given labor force characteristic, because differences in
sampling errors are usually minimal.
1
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Employment
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Number
Percent of
population
Number
Percent of
population
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
203,133
97,715
105,418
15,365
136,297
73,261
63,036
7,932
67.1
75.0
59.8
51.6
129,558
69,685
59,873
6,661
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
169,993
82,577
87,417
12,181
114,693
62,639
52,054
6,720
67.5
75.9
59.5
55.2
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
24,003
10,763
13,241
2,412
15,529
7,354
8,175
933
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
20,321
10,368
9,953
2,121
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
Area and population group
Unemployment
Error range of
rate1
Number
Rate
63.8
71.3
56.8
43.4
6,739
3,577
3,162
1,271
4.9
4.9
5.0
16.0
4.9
4.8
4.9
15.5
-
5.0
5.0
5.1
16.5
109,856
59,998
49,859
5,807
64.6
72.7
57.0
47.7
4,836
2,641
2,195
912
4.2
4.2
4.2
13.6
4.1
4.1
4.1
13.1
-
4.3
4.3
4.3
14.1
64.7
68.3
61.7
38.7
13,969
6,607
7,362
631
58.2
61.4
55.6
26.1
1,560
747
813
302
10.0
10.2
9.9
32.4
9.7
9.7
9.5
30.4
-
10.4
10.6
10.4
34.4
13,796
8,309
5,486
911
67.9
80.1
55.1
43.0
12,726
7,728
4,999
714
62.6
74.5
50.2
33.7
1,069
582
488
197
7.7
7.0
8.9
21.6
7.4
6.6
8.4
20.0
-
8.1
7.4
9.4
23.2
39,751
18,787
20,964
2,849
26,101
13,856
12,245
1,394
65.7
73.8
58.4
48.9
24,696
13,096
11,600
1,159
62.1
69.7
55.3
40.7
1,405
760
645
235
5.4
5.5
5.3
16.9
5.2
5.3
5.0
15.8
-
5.5
5.7
5.5
17.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
33,666
16,021
17,645
2,287
22,289
11,950
10,339
1,222
66.2
74.6
58.6
53.4
21,278
11,389
9,888
1,047
63.2
71.1
56.0
45.8
1,011
561
451
175
4.5
4.7
4.4
14.3
4.4
4.5
4.1
13.3
-
4.7
4.9
4.6
15.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,604
2,030
2,575
458
2,829
1,337
1,492
142
61.5
65.9
58.0
30.9
2,492
1,175
1,317
90
54.1
57.9
51.2
19.5
337
162
175
52
11.9
12.1
11.7
36.9
11.3
11.2
10.8
33.6
-
12.6
13.1
12.6
40.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,245
1,549
1,696
354
2,018
1,152
866
134
62.2
74.3
51.0
37.9
1,827
1,054
773
98
56.3
68.0
45.6
27.8
191
98
93
36
9.5
8.5
10.7
26.9
8.7
7.6
9.6
23.0
-
10.2
9.4
11.8
30.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
10,328
4,949
5,379
697
7,118
3,724
3,394
416
68.9
75.2
63.1
59.6
6,804
3,546
3,258
360
65.9
71.7
60.6
51.6
314
178
136
56
4.4
4.8
4.0
13.4
4.2
4.4
3.7
11.9
-
4.7
5.1
4.4
15.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
9,542
4,577
4,965
626
6,578
3,456
3,122
388
68.9
75.5
62.9
62.0
6,311
3,305
3,006
342
66.1
72.2
60.5
54.6
267
150
116
46
4.1
4.4
3.7
12.0
3.8
4.0
3.4
10.4
-
4.3
4.7
4.1
13.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
577
260
316
395
180
215
68.6
69.1
68.1
355
157
198
61.6
60.3
62.6
41
23
17
10.2
12.8
8.1
8.6
10.2
6.1
-
11.8
15.4
10.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
429
195
234
282
145
136
65.7
74.4
58.4
252
129
124
58.8
65.9
52.9
29
17
13
10.4
11.4
9.4
8.5
8.6
6.7
-
12.4
14.3
12.1
29,423
13,838
15,585
18,983
10,132
8,850
64.5
73.2
56.8
17,892
9,550
8,342
60.8
69.0
53.5
1,091
582
509
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.6
5.5
5.5
-
5.9
6.0
6.0
UNITED STATES2
Northeast Region
New England Division
Middle Atlantic Division
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Area and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Middle Atlantic Division–Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,152
979
45.5
799
37.1
179
18.3
17.0
-
19.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
24,122
11,443
12,679
1,660
15,709
8,493
7,216
834
65.1
74.2
56.9
50.2
14,965
8,083
6,881
705
62.0
70.6
54.3
42.5
745
410
334
129
4.7
4.8
4.6
15.5
4.5
4.6
4.3
14.1
-
4.9
5.1
4.9
16.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,029
1,770
2,259
403
2,435
1,158
1,277
120
60.4
65.4
56.5
29.7
2,138
1,018
1,120
75
53.1
57.5
49.6
18.5
297
139
157
45
12.2
12.0
12.3
37.8
11.5
11.0
11.4
34.2
-
12.9
13.1
13.3
41.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,818
1,355
1,463
293
1,736
1,007
730
111
61.6
74.3
49.9
38.0
1,575
926
650
85
55.9
68.3
44.4
28.9
161
81
80
27
9.3
8.1
11.0
23.9
8.5
7.1
9.7
19.8
-
10.0
9.0
12.2
28.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
47,305
22,827
24,478
3,688
32,957
17,578
15,379
2,244
69.7
77.0
62.8
60.9
31,625
16,860
14,765
1,957
66.9
73.9
60.3
53.1
1,332
718
614
287
4.0
4.1
4.0
12.8
3.9
3.9
3.8
12.0
-
4.2
4.3
4.2
13.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
41,992
20,404
21,588
3,158
29,532
15,936
13,596
2,022
70.3
78.1
63.0
64.0
28,509
15,368
13,140
1,799
67.9
75.3
60.9
57.0
1,023
567
456
223
3.5
3.6
3.4
11.0
3.3
3.4
3.2
10.2
-
3.6
3.7
3.5
11.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,286
1,932
2,353
433
2,709
1,262
1,447
181
63.2
65.3
61.5
41.9
2,436
1,128
1,309
123
56.9
58.4
55.6
28.4
272
134
138
58
10.1
10.6
9.5
32.3
9.4
9.6
8.7
29.1
-
10.7
11.6
10.4
35.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,502
828
674
177
1,088
693
395
92
72.4
83.7
58.6
51.9
1,021
654
367
77
68.0
79.0
54.4
43.4
67
39
28
15
6.2
5.7
7.2
16.5
5.3
4.6
5.6
12.2
-
7.1
6.7
8.7
20.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
33,336
16,061
17,275
2,572
22,852
12,236
10,616
1,508
68.6
76.2
61.5
58.6
21,876
11,717
10,159
1,311
65.6
73.0
58.8
51.0
977
520
457
197
4.3
4.2
4.3
13.1
4.1
4.0
4.1
12.1
-
4.4
4.5
4.6
14.1
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
29,056
14,119
14,937
2,153
20,126
10,939
9,187
1,343
69.3
77.5
61.5
62.4
19,399
10,540
8,859
1,195
66.8
74.6
59.3
55.5
728
399
328
148
3.6
3.6
3.6
11.1
3.4
3.4
3.3
10.0
-
3.8
3.9
3.8
12.1
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,577
1,600
1,977
355
2,234
1,028
1,205
139
62.4
64.3
61.0
39.3
2,008
918
1,090
93
56.1
57.4
55.1
26.2
226
110
115
46
10.1
10.7
9.6
33.3
9.4
9.6
8.6
29.6
-
10.8
11.8
10.6
36.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,200
661
540
141
865
553
311
70
72.0
83.8
57.6
49.8
814
523
291
59
67.8
79.2
53.9
41.8
51
30
20
11
5.9
5.5
6.6
16.1
4.9
4.3
4.9
11.1
-
6.8
6.6
8.2
21.0
13,969
6,766
7,203
1,116
10,103
5,341
4,762
736
72.3
78.9
66.1
66.0
9,748
5,143
4,605
646
69.8
76.0
63.9
57.9
355
198
157
90
3.5
3.7
3.3
12.2
3.3
3.4
3.0
11.0
-
3.7
4.0
3.6
13.5
Midwest Region
East North Central Division
West North Central Division
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Area and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
West North Central Division–Continued
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
12,933
6,283
6,649
1,004
9,402
4,996
4,407
678
72.7
79.5
66.3
67.5
9,107
4,827
4,279
604
70.4
76.8
64.4
60.1
296
168
127
75
3.1
3.4
2.9
11.0
2.9
3.1
2.6
9.7
-
3.4
3.7
3.2
12.3
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
711
333
378
476
234
242
67.0
70.3
64.1
430
210
219
60.4
63.1
58.1
47
24
23
9.8
10.3
9.4
8.2
8.0
7.2
-
11.4
12.6
11.6
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
302
168
135
224
140
84
74.1
83.6
62.3
207
131
76
68.5
78.2
56.4
17
9
8
7.5
6.4
9.4
5.5
4.0
5.8
-
9.6
8.8
13.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
71,523
34,176
37,348
5,426
47,202
25,206
21,996
2,644
66.0
73.8
58.9
48.7
44,875
24,030
20,845
2,182
62.7
70.3
55.8
40.2
2,326
1,176
1,150
462
4.9
4.7
5.2
17.5
4.8
4.5
5.0
16.6
-
5.1
4.8
5.4
18.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
56,696
27,522
29,174
3,956
37,307
20,467
16,841
2,041
65.8
74.4
57.7
51.6
35,851
19,692
16,159
1,763
63.2
71.5
55.4
44.6
1,457
775
682
279
3.9
3.8
4.0
13.6
3.8
3.6
3.9
12.8
-
4.0
4.0
4.2
14.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
13,044
5,801
7,243
1,333
8,672
4,070
4,601
544
66.5
70.2
63.5
40.8
7,865
3,699
4,166
373
60.3
63.8
57.5
28.0
807
372
436
171
9.3
9.1
9.5
31.4
8.9
8.6
9.0
30.4
-
9.7
9.7
10.0
32.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
6,850
3,476
3,373
680
4,637
2,770
1,866
296
67.7
79.7
55.3
43.6
4,317
2,609
1,709
238
63.0
75.0
50.7
35.0
319
162
158
59
6.9
5.8
8.4
19.9
6.4
5.3
7.6
17.5
-
7.4
6.4
9.3
22.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
36,957
17,609
19,348
2,554
24,408
12,925
11,483
1,295
66.0
73.4
59.3
50.7
23,300
12,371
10,929
1,093
63.0
70.2
56.5
42.8
1,108
554
554
202
4.5
4.3
4.8
15.6
4.4
4.1
4.6
14.4
-
4.7
4.5
5.1
16.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
28,632
13,845
14,788
1,789
18,767
10,197
8,570
972
65.5
73.6
58.0
54.3
18,127
9,860
8,267
863
63.3
71.2
55.9
48.3
640
337
303
108
3.4
3.3
3.5
11.2
3.2
3.1
3.3
9.9
-
3.6
3.5
3.8
12.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
7,469
3,355
4,114
707
5,045
2,403
2,642
296
67.5
71.6
64.2
41.9
4,603
2,197
2,406
208
61.6
65.5
58.5
29.4
442
206
236
88
8.8
8.6
8.9
29.9
8.3
7.9
8.3
28.1
-
9.2
9.3
9.6
31.6
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,462
1,255
1,207
173
1,699
1,008
691
81
69.0
80.3
57.3
46.9
1,602
960
642
70
65.1
76.5
53.1
40.7
97
48
50
11
5.7
4.7
7.2
13.3
5.1
4.0
6.1
9.0
-
6.4
5.5
8.3
17.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
12,558
5,983
6,575
992
8,076
4,264
3,812
488
64.3
71.3
58.0
49.2
7,643
4,052
3,591
399
60.9
67.7
54.6
40.2
433
212
221
89
5.4
5.0
5.8
18.3
5.0
4.5
5.3
16.4
-
5.7
5.4
6.3
20.1
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
9,910
4,789
6,358
3,445
64.2
71.9
6,092
3,308
61.5
69.1
265
137
4.2
4.0
3.9
3.6
-
4.5
4.4
South Region
South Atlantic Division
East South Central Division
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Area and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
East South Central Division–Continued
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
5,121
699
2,913
364
56.9
52.1
2,785
315
54.4
45.0
128
49
4.4
13.5
3.9
11.5
-
4.9
15.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,534
1,141
1,393
280
1,636
776
860
117
64.6
68.0
61.8
41.9
1,472
704
769
78
58.1
61.7
55.2
27.9
164
72
92
39
10.0
9.3
10.6
33.5
9.1
8.1
9.4
33.5
-
10.9
10.5
11.8
33.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
111
63
90
58
81.1
93.0
86
56
77.5
90.3
4
2
4.3
2.9
1.9
.4
-
6.8
5.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
22,008
10,583
11,425
1,879
14,718
8,017
6,701
861
66.9
75.8
58.6
45.8
13,932
7,607
6,325
690
63.3
71.9
55.4
36.7
785
410
375
171
5.3
5.1
5.6
19.8
5.1
4.8
5.2
18.4
-
5.6
5.4
6.0
21.2
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
18,152
8,887
9,265
1,467
12,181
6,824
5,357
705
67.1
76.8
57.8
48.1
11,630
6,523
5,107
584
64.1
73.4
55.1
39.8
551
301
250
121
4.5
4.4
4.7
17.1
4.3
4.1
4.3
15.6
-
4.8
4.7
5.0
18.7
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,043
1,307
1,737
346
1,992
893
1,100
131
65.5
68.3
63.3
37.8
1,790
799
992
88
58.8
61.1
57.1
25.4
202
94
108
43
10.1
10.5
9.8
32.9
9.4
9.3
8.8
30.8
-
10.9
11.7
10.9
35.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,271
2,156
2,115
498
2,844
1,702
1,142
211
66.6
78.9
54.0
42.5
2,626
1,590
1,036
164
61.5
73.7
49.0
32.9
218
112
106
47
7.7
6.6
9.2
22.5
7.0
5.8
8.1
20.1
-
8.3
7.4
10.4
24.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
44,500
21,900
22,600
3,398
30,003
16,602
13,401
1,648
67.4
75.8
59.3
48.5
28,330
15,681
12,649
1,361
63.7
71.6
56.0
40.1
1,673
921
752
287
5.6
5.5
5.6
17.4
5.4
5.3
5.4
16.3
-
5.8
5.8
5.9
18.5
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
37,598
18,609
18,989
2,779
25,539
14,272
11,267
1,434
67.9
76.7
59.3
51.6
24,196
13,535
10,662
1,199
64.4
72.7
56.1
43.1
1,343
738
605
235
5.3
5.2
5.4
16.4
5.1
4.9
5.1
15.2
-
5.4
5.4
5.6
17.6
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,065
998
1,067
188
1,317
683
634
66
63.7
68.4
59.4
34.9
1,174
605
569
45
56.8
60.6
53.3
23.9
143
78
64
21
10.8
11.5
10.2
31.5
9.8
9.9
8.7
24.7
-
11.9
13.0
11.7
38.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
8,706
4,506
4,200
909
6,041
3,686
2,355
388
69.4
81.8
56.1
42.6
5,550
3,404
2,146
301
63.8
75.6
51.1
33.1
490
282
208
86
8.1
7.6
8.9
22.3
7.7
7.1
8.1
19.9
-
8.6
8.2
9.6
24.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
12,308
6,067
6,241
1,038
8,401
4,607
3,794
578
68.3
75.9
60.8
55.7
8,039
4,413
3,626
499
65.3
72.7
58.1
48.1
362
193
169
79
4.3
4.2
4.4
13.7
4.1
3.9
4.1
12.5
-
4.5
4.5
4.8
15.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
11,369
5,622
5,747
936
7,783
4,283
3,500
536
68.5
76.2
60.9
57.2
7,468
4,115
3,353
467
65.7
73.2
58.3
49.9
315
168
147
69
4.0
3.9
4.2
12.9
3.8
3.6
3.8
11.6
-
4.3
4.2
4.5
14.2
West South Central Division
West Region
Mountain Division
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Area and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Mountain Division–Continued
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
339
161
178
233
120
113
68.7
74.6
63.3
214
110
104
63.3
68.7
58.4
18
9
9
7.9
7.9
7.9
6.1
5.5
5.4
-
9.6
10.3
10.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,037
1,053
984
235
1,381
834
547
107
67.8
79.2
55.5
45.4
1,301
789
512
91
63.9
75.0
52.0
38.7
79
45
34
16
5.7
5.4
6.3
14.7
5.1
4.6
5.2
12.4
-
6.4
6.2
7.4
17.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
32,192
15,833
16,359
2,359
21,601
11,995
9,606
1,069
67.1
75.8
58.7
45.3
20,289
11,267
9,022
861
63.0
71.2
55.2
36.5
1,312
728
584
208
6.1
6.1
6.1
19.4
5.8
5.8
5.7
17.9
-
6.3
6.4
6.4
21.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
26,218
12,981
13,237
1,840
17,748
9,985
7,763
897
67.7
76.9
58.6
48.7
16,719
9,415
7,304
730
63.8
72.5
55.2
39.7
1,029
570
459
166
5.8
5.7
5.9
18.5
5.6
5.4
5.5
16.8
-
6.0
6.0
6.3
20.2
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,729
839
891
1,085
564
522
62.8
67.2
58.6
961
495
466
55.6
59.0
52.3
125
69
56
11.5
12.2
10.7
10.2
10.5
8.9
-
12.7
14.0
12.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
6,673
3,455
3,218
674
4,664
2,855
1,809
281
69.9
82.6
56.2
41.7
4,252
2,617
1,635
210
63.7
75.7
50.8
31.2
412
237
174
71
8.8
8.3
9.6
25.2
8.3
7.6
8.7
21.9
-
9.4
9.0
10.6
28.5
Pacific Division
1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which
means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error
range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value
based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these
error ranges.
2 Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for the
United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating the totals for regions
and States.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding.
Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white
and black population groups. Data in tables 1-22 incorporate updated 1990
census-based population controls.
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work2
At work
Population group and area
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
Economic
reasons
Noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
for
economic
reasons
Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
TOTAL
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
19,911
5,412
14,498
17,328
4,686
12,642
188
54
134
1,587
443
1,143
808
229
579
4,785
1,392
3,393
608
147
461
3,860
1,141
2,719
318
104
214
1,114
245
870
291
69
221
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
25,553
17,721
7,830
22,179
15,450
6,728
308
210
98
2,074
1,344
730
991
717
274
6,073
4,155
1,917
564
401
163
5,120
3,500
1,619
389
254
135
1,027
761
266
305
216
90
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
37,909
19,746
6,433
11,729
32,971
17,313
5,513
10,145
526
267
93
166
3,016
1,489
553
974
1,397
677
275
444
6,966
3,553
1,210
2,203
848
435
129
285
5,633
2,884
985
1,764
485
235
96
155
1,913
913
356
644
413
195
77
141
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
22,936
6,520
16,414
19,899
5,682
14,215
384
102
282
1,837
511
1,326
816
225
591
5,394
1,519
3,875
804
173
632
4,240
1,246
2,994
350
100
249
1,339
285
1,055
334
77
257
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
11,657
3,151
8,505
10,364
2,791
7,573
111
33
78
763
212
551
419
116
303
1,439
394
1,045
255
61
194
1,098
306
792
87
28
59
649
152
498
111
26
85
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
15,057
10,501
4,555
13,357
9,353
4,004
189
130
59
1,010
655
354
501
363
138
1,803
1,215
587
233
171
62
1,481
994
487
89
51
38
594
436
159
124
84
40
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
21,720
11,186
3,660
6,873
19,280
10,005
3,200
6,075
324
166
52
107
1,456
701
272
482
659
314
135
210
2,310
1,184
392
734
335
166
48
121
1,829
943
316
570
147
75
28
44
990
465
178
347
186
89
34
63
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
13,809
3,908
9,900
12,201
3,468
8,732
246
63
183
940
262
678
422
115
307
1,872
505
1,367
364
74
291
1,412
409
1,003
96
23
74
778
162
616
143
32
112
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
8,255
2,261
5,994
6,964
1,895
5,069
77
21
56
824
232
592
390
113
276
3,346
998
2,348
353
87
267
2,762
835
1,926
231
76
155
465
93
372
180
43
137
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
10,495
7,220
3,275
8,822
6,097
2,724
119
80
39
1,065
689
375
490
354
136
4,270
2,940
1,330
331
230
101
3,638
2,506
1,132
301
203
97
432
325
107
181
132
50
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
16,189
8,560
2,774
4,856
13,690
7,308
2,313
4,070
202
101
41
59
1,560
787
280
492
737
363
140
234
4,656
2,369
817
1,470
513
269
80
164
3,804
1,941
669
1,194
339
160
68
111
923
448
178
297
227
106
43
79
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
9,127
2,612
6,514
7,698
2,214
5,483
138
39
99
897
250
648
394
110
284
3,522
1,014
2,508
440
99
342
2,828
837
1,991
254
78
176
562
124
438
191
45
146
316
90
226
265
75
190
12
4
9
31
10
21
8
2
6
844
270
574
66
19
47
741
237
504
37
14
23
109
24
85
126
31
94
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work2
At work
Population group and area
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
Economic
reasons
Noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
for
economic
reasons
Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years–Continued
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
593
398
195
490
328
162
25
18
7
62
42
20
16
10
6
1,364
913
451
77
53
24
1,234
829
405
53
32
21
134
90
44
153
107
46
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
799
391
148
259
653
320
122
211
33
17
6
11
89
42
17
30
23
12
3
8
1,384
703
251
430
102
45
20
37
1,219
627
217
375
62
30
14
18
261
107
53
101
201
94
36
70
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
458
184
274
377
154
223
22
8
15
47
18
29
11
5
7
903
315
587
81
24
57
790
278
511
33
12
20
142
43
99
145
37
109
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
17,015
4,997
12,017
14,784
4,316
10,468
165
49
115
1,375
418
956
692
214
478
4,262
1,314
2,948
469
128
342
3,500
1,087
2,413
293
100
193
783
206
577
228
60
168
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
22,944
15,635
7,307
19,910
13,623
6,285
280
187
93
1,872
1,198
674
883
628
255
5,564
3,764
1,800
468
324
143
4,739
3,205
1,533
358
234
124
769
554
216
254
174
80
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
30,128
15,232
5,107
9,788
26,242
13,387
4,390
8,464
408
199
70
140
2,386
1,139
433
813
1,092
507
214
371
5,723
2,895
985
1,842
567
291
80
196
4,744
2,403
826
1,515
412
201
80
131
1,170
512
215
442
287
128
50
109
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
19,498
6,044
13,446
16,897
5,265
11,624
338
95
243
1,568
472
1,096
696
212
483
4,698
1,424
3,273
664
153
512
3,721
1,175
2,544
313
95
217
1,065
246
820
278
69
209
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
2,104
294
1,810
1,825
263
1,563
19
4
16
170
19
152
89
10
80
389
60
328
115
16
99
256
41
215
17
3
14
281
34
247
56
7
50
Midwest ........................................
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
2,049
1,690
360
1,769
1,468
302
25
22
4
164
125
39
91
75
16
387
318
69
82
70
12
282
231
51
23
17
6
229
188
( 3)
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
6,775
4,013
1,262
1,501
5,831
3,477
1,069
1,286
105
61
23
21
563
318
112
133
277
158
59
61
1,089
590
210
289
263
135
48
80
761
425
146
190
65
30
16
19
693
379
137
177
114
62
26
25
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
990
177
814
853
155
699
13
2
11
81
15
67
42
5
36
184
37
147
47
10
37
126
26
101
11
2
9
122
( 3)
107
21
( 3)
18
Northeast ......................................
New England ...............................
Middle Atlantic .............................
1,529
211
1,318
1,360
187
1,174
17
3
14
107
15
92
45
6
39
298
41
257
68
11
56
216
27
189
15
3
12
158
( 3)
137
32
( 3)
25
Midwest ........................................
874
778
17
52
27
147
32
108
7
52
16
White
Black
44
37
( 3)
Hispanic origin
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work2
At work
Population group and area
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
Economic
reasons
Noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
for
economic
reasons
Part time
for
noneconomic
reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Hispanic origin–Continued
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
29
8
1
20
273
84
( 3)
185
46
13
( 3)
33
48
12
36
403
64
340
87
15
72
East North Central .......................
West North Central ......................
710
165
635
143
14
3
39
13
22
5
104
42
22
10
77
31
5
2
South ............................................
South Atlantic ..............................
East South Central ......................
West South Central .....................
3,700
1,385
74
2,239
3,222
1,222
66
1,932
81
28
1
53
276
96
4
176
120
38
3
79
617
217
12
387
138
54
2
82
450
155
9
285
West .............................................
Mountain ......................................
Pacific ..........................................
4,629
1,088
3,544
4,049
957
3,094
129
26
103
319
71
249
132
34
97
921
214
708
256
48
208
618
154
464
1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on their
usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are at work
during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified according to
their usual status.
2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason for
working part time.
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area.
See appendix B.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual
averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Managerial and professional specialty ................... 7,906
Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,803
Professional specialty .......................................... 4,103
Engineers ...........................................................
367
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
324
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
253
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
643
Teachers, except college and university ............
959
2,265
1,075
1,190
124
110
73
193
244
5,641
2,728
2,913
243
215
180
450
715
8,864
4,289
4,576
499
317
242
752
1,100
6,169
2,987
3,182
385
220
178
527
741
2,695 12,848
1,302 6,311
1,393 6,537
114
677
97
508
64
329
226
976
360 1,843
6,978
3,467
3,511
361
321
178
512
927
2,025
997
1,028
96
55
56
172
309
3,846
1,847
1,999
220
132
95
293
606
8,817
4,391
4,426
522
362
212
554
1,002
2,344
1,176
1,168
136
89
54
157
274
6,474
3,215
3,259
386
272
158
398
728
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
7,817
825
359
213
3,097
858
2,084
229
91
67
821
213
5,733
596
268
145
2,276
645
9,510
1,056
460
320
3,881
1,113
6,597
728
319
223
2,676
750
2,912 13,792
328 1,503
141
617
97
427
1,205 5,802
364 1,671
7,245
790
315
222
3,045
852
2,257
252
125
63
974
289
4,290
462
177
141
1,783
530
8,826
933
301
315
3,764
1,086
2,549
278
82
102
1,070
295
6,276
654
218
212
2,693
790
573
159
414
599
413
186
891
524
108
259
630
178
452
308
1,348
3,895
102
851
434
213
87
359
1,034
( 2)
203
128
52
221
989
2,861
74
648
305
161
389
1,755
4,573
80
981
531
236
287
1,208
3,194
( 2)
696
359
162
102
547
1,379
( 2)
284
172
74
502
2,701
6,487
151
1,296
778
354
247
1,407
3,410
81
684
392
186
93
474
1,031
( 2)
222
129
55
162
820
2,045
( 2)
390
257
112
344
1,677
4,129
71
700
508
220
96
495
1,200
( 2)
221
150
53
248
1,181
2,928
53
479
358
167
Service occupations ............................................... 3,829
Private household .................................................
157
Protective service .................................................
575
Service, except private household and protective 3,098
Food service ....................................................... 1,197
Health service .....................................................
650
Cleaning and building service .............................
667
Personal service .................................................
583
966
( 2)
120
815
335
165
163
151
2,863
125
455
2,283
862
485
504
432
4,431
144
499
3,788
1,618
626
794
750
3,050
99
376
2,575
1,105
432
559
480
1,381
( 2)
123
1,213
513
194
235
270
6,404
322
832
5,251
2,194
869
1,174
1,014
3,300
165
445
2,690
1,170
411
612
497
1,017
44
122
851
356
147
176
171
2,087
113
265
1,709
668
311
385
345
4,122
245
484
3,394
1,541
431
721
700
1,242
49
148
1,045
481
126
215
223
2,879
196
335
2,347
1,059
305
506
477
Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,567
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
825
Construction trades ..............................................
974
757
219
298
1,809
606
676
3,638
1,135
1,327
2,532
767
895
1,106
369
432
5,480
1,849
2,212
2,765
962
1,151
955
292
374
1,759
595
688
3,155
1,032
1,270
963
300
418
2,190
732
851
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,455
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,485
Transportation and material moving occupations
984
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
808
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
986
Construction laborers .........................................
163
900
425
226
180
2,556
1,061
758
628
5,385
2,519
1,410
1,035
3,966
1,942
987
721
1,420
578
423
314
7,208
2,990
2,184
1,614
3,483
1,440
1,038
788
1,563
730
433
303
2,162
820
712
524
3,838
1,518
1,116
849
988
331
330
244
2,851
1,188
787
605
248
44
737
119
1,456
237
1,037
164
419
73
2,035
342
1,005
186
400
60
630
96
1,203
236
327
73
876
162
404
89
124
( 2)
280
65
1,020
577
459
203
559
373
1,249
425
540
151
221
88
488
187
1,096
233
294
95
802
138
Managerial and professional specialty ................... 7,724
Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,711
Professional specialty .......................................... 4,013
Engineers ...........................................................
361
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
319
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
250
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
634
Teachers, except college and university ............
936
2,226
1,054
1,172
123
108
72
192
239
5,498
2,657
2,841
238
210
178
442
697
8,721
4,223
4,499
493
315
241
742
1,081
6,059
2,934
3,125
381
218
178
520
725
2,662 12,614
1,289 6,206
1,373 6,408
112
665
97
503
63
325
223
963
356 1,803
6,846
3,406
3,440
356
319
176
504
904
1,997
986
1,012
93
54
56
170
304
3,771
1,815
1,956
216
131
94
289
594
8,615
4,295
4,320
516
356
211
546
976
2,298
1,152
1,146
135
89
54
155
268
6,317
3,144
3,174
382
268
157
391
709
Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 7,449
Technicians and related support ..........................
801
Health technologists and technicians .................
347
Engineering and science technicians .................
209
Sales occupations ................................................ 2,937
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
839
2,001
222
88
66
786
209
5,447
579
259
142
2,151
630
9,217
1,034
452
312
3,733
1,095
6,379
712
314
216
2,568
736
2,837 13,219
322 1,470
139
599
95
419
1,166 5,494
358 1,639
6,956
770
303
219
2,896
837
2,163
246
123
61
918
285
4,099
454
174
139
1,680
517
8,415
908
295
306
3,565
1,061
2,448
275
81
101
1,018
289
5,966
633
214
205
2,547
772
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
EMPLOYED
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
EMPLOYED–Continued
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
551
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
300
Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 1,237
Administrative support, including clerical .............. 3,710
Computer equipment operators ..........................
98
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
814
Financial records processing ..............................
417
Mail and message distributing ............................
200
155
396
583
402
181
866
510
105
251
613
172
441
84
335
993
( 2)
195
122
50
217
903
2,717
72
619
295
150
384
1,649
4,450
79
955
522
229
283
1,129
3,100
( 2)
675
351
157
101
519
1,349
( 2)
281
171
72
491
2,464
6,255
146
1,252
758
340
240
1,296
3,290
77
659
381
179
91
427
1,000
( 2)
214
125
54
160
741
1,965
( 2)
378
252
107
332
1,535
3,942
69
670
498
208
93
460
1,155
( 2)
213
147
51
239
1,075
2,786
51
456
351
158
Service occupations ............................................... 3,567
Private household .................................................
143
Protective service .................................................
548
Service, except private household and protective 2,875
Food service ....................................................... 1,101
Health service .....................................................
612
Cleaning and building service .............................
619
Personal service .................................................
544
913
( 2)
116
767
311
157
154
145
2,654
114
432
2,108
790
455
466
398
4,181
133
484
3,564
1,503
601
742
718
2,878
91
365
2,422
1,030
413
520
459
1,303
( 2)
119
1,142
473
188
222
258
5,956
295
809
4,852
1,983
820
1,078
969
3,091
151
435
2,505
1,072
390
567
475
934
40
119
776
318
138
158
162
1,931
104
256
1,571
593
292
353
333
3,828
224
458
3,147
1,410
413
667
656
1,172
45
141
985
447
121
203
213
2,655
179
316
2,160
962
292
464
443
Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,426
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
792
Construction trades ..............................................
892
716
209
276
1,710
584
615
3,498
1,108
1,244
2,432
748
836
1,066
360
409
5,229
1,785
2,075
2,659
935
1,091
899
278
345
1,671
573
639
2,968
988
1,165
921
291
394
2,046
697
771
Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,169
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,385
Transportation and material moving occupations
923
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
761
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
862
Construction laborers .........................................
122
835
403
211
169
2,334
982
712
592
5,027
2,381
1,343
991
3,693
1,830
942
692
1,335
552
402
299
6,682
2,781
2,083
1,543
3,241
1,342
989
753
1,441
673
412
288
2,001
766
682
502
3,518
1,415
1,039
794
924
315
311
232
2,595
1,101
727
561
222
36
640
86
1,303
196
921
131
381
65
1,818
293
909
159
356
51
553
83
1,065
199
298
66
767
133
361
88
113
( 2)
248
64
980
574
434
201
545
372
1,175
423
506
149
209
87
460
187
986
232
276
95
710
137
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
182
92
90
6
6
3
9
23
39
21
18
1
1
1
1
5
143
71
72
5
5
2
8
18
143
66
77
6
2
1
10
19
109
53
57
4
1
1
7
16
34
13
20
2
3
( )
3
( )
3
4
234
105
129
12
5
4
14
40
132
61
71
5
3
2
8
23
27
11
16
3
1
3
( )
2
5
75
32
42
4
2
1
4
12
202
95
107
6
5
1
8
26
45
24
21
2
1
3
( )
2
6
157
71
86
4
4
1
6
19
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
369
24
12
4
160
18
83
6
3
1
35
4
286
17
9
3
125
14
293
22
8
8
147
18
218
16
5
7
108
13
75
6
2
1
39
5
573
33
18
7
308
32
289
20
13
3
149
16
94
6
2
2
56
4
191
8
3
2
103
13
410
25
6
9
198
25
100
3
2
2
52
7
310
22
4
7
146
18
22
4
19
16
11
5
25
14
3
8
17
6
11
8
111
185
4
37
17
13
3
24
41
( 2)
8
7
1
5
87
144
2
28
11
12
5
106
124
1
25
8
7
4
79
94
( 2)
21
8
5
1
28
30
( 2)
4
1
2
11
237
232
6
44
20
13
7
111
120
4
25
10
7
2
47
31
( 2)
8
4
1
2
79
81
( 2)
12
6
5
12
141
187
2
31
10
12
4
35
45
( 2)
8
3
2
9
106
142
2
23
8
10
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
262
13
26
54
( 2)
4
209
12
22
250
11
14
171
8
11
78
( 2)
4
449
27
22
209
14
10
84
5
4
156
9
9
294
21
26
70
3
7
224
18
19
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
UNEMPLOYED
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
UNEMPLOYED–Continued
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
222
96
38
48
40
48
24
8
10
6
175
72
30
39
34
224
115
25
52
32
153
75
19
39
20
71
40
6
13
12
399
211
48
95
45
185
97
20
45
23
75
39
9
18
9
138
75
19
32
13
247
131
18
54
44
60
34
5
12
9
187
97
13
42
35
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
141
32
82
41
10
22
100
22
60
140
28
82
100
19
59
41
9
23
251
63
137
106
27
60
55
14
29
89
23
48
187
44
105
42
9
25
144
34
80
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
286
100
61
47
64
22
15
11
222
78
46
35
358
138
66
44
273
112
45
29
85
26
21
15
526
209
100
72
242
98
49
35
122
57
21
15
161
54
30
22
319
104
77
55
64
17
18
11
256
87
59
44
124
41
27
8
98
33
154
41
116
33
38
8
217
49
95
27
44
9
77
13
138
36
29
7
109
30
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
43
1
11
( 2)
31
1
40
3
26
2
14
1
74
2
33
2
13
1
28
( 3)
111
1
18
( 3)
93
1
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
2.3
2.4
2.2
1.6
1.7
1.3
1.4
2.4
1.7
2.0
1.5
.8
1.0
1.9
.7
1.9
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.1
2.1
1.1
1.7
2.6
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.2
.5
.4
1.3
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.0
.6
.3
1.3
2.1
1.2
1.0
1.4
2.0
.3
.4
1.3
1.0
1.8
1.7
2.0
1.7
.9
1.1
1.4
2.2
1.9
1.8
2.0
1.3
.8
1.4
1.6
2.5
1.3
1.1
1.6
3.2
.9
( 3)
.9
1.5
1.9
1.8
2.1
1.8
1.1
1.3
1.4
2.0
2.3
2.2
2.4
1.1
1.4
.3
1.4
2.5
1.9
2.0
1.8
1.1
.8
.1
1.1
2.3
2.4
2.2
2.6
1.1
1.7
.3
1.6
2.6
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
4.7
2.9
3.4
1.8
5.2
2.1
4.0
2.8
3.2
1.6
4.3
1.8
5.0
2.9
3.4
1.9
5.5
2.2
3.1
2.1
1.7
2.5
3.8
1.6
3.3
2.2
1.6
3.0
4.1
1.7
2.6
1.8
1.7
1.4
3.2
1.4
4.2
2.2
2.9
1.7
5.3
1.9
4.0
2.5
4.1
1.4
4.9
1.8
4.1
2.3
1.6
3.4
5.8
1.2
4.4
1.6
1.8
1.5
5.8
2.5
4.6
2.7
2.0
2.8
5.3
2.3
3.9
1.2
2.1
1.6
4.8
2.2
4.9
3.3
2.0
3.3
5.4
2.3
3.9
2.3
4.5
2.7
2.6
2.8
2.8
2.7
2.5
3.2
2.7
3.2
2.5
2.5
8.2
4.7
3.6
4.3
4.0
6.2
3.6
6.8
3.9
( 2)
4.0
5.1
2.8
2.1
8.7
5.0
2.9
4.4
3.5
7.3
1.4
6.1
2.7
1.4
2.6
1.6
3.1
1.5
6.6
2.9
( 2)
3.1
2.1
3.4
1.1
5.0
2.2
( 2)
1.4
.4
2.7
2.2
8.8
3.6
3.8
3.4
2.5
3.8
2.8
7.9
3.5
4.8
3.6
2.7
3.8
2.3
10.0
3.1
( 2)
3.5
2.7
2.6
1.4
9.6
3.9
( 2)
3.1
2.2
4.5
3.5
8.4
4.5
3.2
4.4
2.0
5.3
3.6
7.0
3.7
( 2)
3.5
1.7
3.9
3.5
9.0
4.9
3.5
4.8
2.1
5.7
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
6.8
8.6
4.5
7.2
8.0
5.9
7.2
6.8
5.5
( 2)
3.1
5.9
7.2
4.9
5.8
4.0
7.3
9.3
4.9
7.6
8.4
6.2
7.7
7.8
5.6
7.8
2.9
5.9
7.1
4.0
6.6
4.3
5.6
8.3
2.8
5.9
6.8
4.4
6.9
4.3
5.7
( 2)
3.1
5.9
7.8
3.2
5.7
4.3
7.0
8.4
2.7
7.6
9.6
5.6
8.1
4.4
6.3
8.2
2.2
6.9
8.3
4.9
7.4
4.6
8.2
10.7
3.0
8.8
10.8
6.3
10.3
5.5
7.5
7.8
3.4
8.1
11.2
6.0
8.4
3.6
7.1
8.5
5.4
7.3
8.5
4.2
7.4
6.3
5.6
6.4
4.7
5.7
7.0
3.8
5.4
4.1
7.8
9.0
5.7
8.0
9.1
4.4
8.4
7.3
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
5.5
3.9
8.5
5.5
4.6
7.4
5.5
3.7
8.9
3.9
2.4
6.2
3.9
2.4
6.6
3.7
2.4
5.3
4.6
3.4
6.2
3.9
2.8
5.2
5.8
4.7
7.8
5.0
3.8
7.0
5.9
4.2
8.2
4.4
3.1
5.9
6.6
4.7
9.4
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
8.3
6.7
6.2
5.8
7.1
5.2
6.8
6.3
8.7
7.4
6.1
5.6
6.7
5.5
4.7
4.3
6.9
5.8
4.6
4.1
6.0
4.5
5.0
4.7
7.3
7.0
4.6
4.4
7.0
6.8
4.7
4.5
7.8
7.8
4.9
4.8
7.4
6.6
4.2
4.1
8.3
6.8
6.9
6.5
6.4
4.9
5.4
4.6
9.0
7.4
7.5
7.3
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
12.6
24.9
10.7
17.9
13.2
27.5
10.6
17.2
11.2
20.2
9.0
10.7
10.7
14.3
9.5
14.5
11.1
15.1
12.2
13.4
11.5
15.4
8.8
9.2
12.5
18.3
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
10.6
1.3
9.2
( 2)
11.2
1.7
3.9
.5
5.6
1.1
2.5
.2
5.9
.5
6.2
1.0
5.7
.8
5.6
( 3)
10.1
.6
6.2
.3
11.6
.8
1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B.
3 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other occupations
not shown separately. Items may not compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
9,748 44,875 23,300
100.0 100.0 100.0
7,643 13,932 28,330
100.0 100.0 100.0
8,039 20,289
100.0 100.0
Total
TOTAL
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 24,696
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
6,804
100.0
17,892 31,625 21,876
100.0 100.0 100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
31.3
15.0
16.3
1.5
1.3
1.0
2.6
3.8
32.7
15.5
17.2
1.8
1.6
1.1
2.8
3.5
30.7
14.9
15.9
1.3
1.2
1.0
2.5
3.9
27.6
13.4
14.2
1.6
1.0
.8
2.3
3.4
27.7
13.4
14.3
1.7
1.0
.8
2.4
3.3
27.3
13.2
14.1
1.1
1.0
.6
2.3
3.7
28.1
13.8
14.3
1.5
1.1
.7
2.1
4.0
29.4
14.6
14.8
1.5
1.4
.8
2.2
3.9
26.1
12.9
13.2
1.2
.7
.7
2.2
4.0
27.1
13.0
14.0
1.6
.9
.7
2.1
4.3
30.4
15.2
15.2
1.8
1.3
.7
1.9
3.4
28.6
14.3
14.3
1.7
1.1
.7
1.9
3.3
31.1
15.5
15.6
1.9
1.3
.8
1.9
3.5
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
30.2
3.2
1.4
.8
11.9
3.4
29.4
3.3
1.3
1.0
11.6
3.1
30.4
3.2
1.4
.8
12.0
3.5
29.1
3.3
1.4
1.0
11.8
3.5
29.2
3.3
1.4
1.0
11.7
3.4
29.1
3.3
1.4
1.0
12.0
3.7
29.5
3.3
1.3
.9
12.2
3.7
29.9
3.3
1.3
.9
12.4
3.6
28.3
3.2
1.6
.8
12.0
3.7
29.4
3.3
1.2
1.0
12.1
3.7
29.7
3.2
1.0
1.1
12.6
3.7
30.5
3.4
1.0
1.3
12.7
3.6
29.4
3.1
1.1
1.0
12.6
3.8
2.2
2.3
2.2
1.8
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.2
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.1
2.2
1.2
5.0
15.0
.4
3.3
1.7
.8
1.2
4.9
14.6
.4
2.9
1.8
.7
1.2
5.0
15.2
.4
3.5
1.6
.8
1.2
5.2
14.1
.3
3.0
1.7
.7
1.3
5.2
14.2
.2
3.1
1.6
.7
1.0
5.3
13.8
.3
2.9
1.8
.7
1.1
5.5
13.9
.3
2.8
1.7
.8
1.0
5.6
14.1
.3
2.8
1.6
.8
1.2
5.6
13.1
.4
2.8
1.6
.7
1.1
5.3
14.1
.3
2.7
1.8
.8
1.2
5.4
13.9
.2
2.4
1.8
.7
1.2
5.7
14.4
.2
2.7
1.8
.6
1.2
5.3
13.7
.2
2.2
1.7
.8
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
14.4
.6
2.2
11.6
4.5
2.5
2.5
2.2
13.4
.4
1.7
11.3
4.6
2.3
2.3
2.1
14.8
.6
2.4
11.8
4.4
2.5
2.6
2.2
13.2
.4
1.5
11.3
4.8
1.9
2.3
2.3
13.2
.4
1.7
11.1
4.7
1.9
2.4
2.1
13.4
.4
1.2
11.7
4.9
1.9
2.3
2.6
13.3
.7
1.8
10.8
4.4
1.8
2.4
2.2
13.3
.6
1.9
10.8
4.6
1.7
2.4
2.0
12.2
.5
1.6
10.1
4.2
1.8
2.1
2.1
13.9
.7
1.8
11.3
4.3
2.1
2.5
2.4
13.5
.8
1.6
11.1
5.0
1.5
2.4
2.3
14.6
.6
1.8
12.3
5.6
1.5
2.5
2.7
13.1
.9
1.6
10.6
4.7
1.4
2.3
2.2
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
9.8
3.2
3.6
10.5
3.1
4.1
9.6
3.3
3.4
11.1
3.5
3.9
11.1
3.4
3.8
10.9
3.7
4.2
11.7
4.0
4.6
11.4
4.0
4.7
11.8
3.6
4.5
12.0
4.1
4.6
10.5
3.5
4.1
11.5
3.6
4.9
10.1
3.4
3.8
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
12.8
5.6
3.7
3.1
12.3
5.9
3.1
2.5
13.0
5.5
4.0
3.3
15.9
7.5
4.2
3.1
16.9
8.4
4.3
3.2
13.7
5.7
4.1
3.1
14.9
6.2
4.6
3.4
13.9
5.8
4.2
3.2
18.8
8.8
5.4
3.8
14.4
5.5
4.9
3.6
12.4
5.0
3.7
2.8
11.5
3.9
3.9
2.9
12.8
5.4
3.6
2.8
3.5
.5
3.3
.5
3.6
.5
4.1
.6
4.2
.6
3.9
.7
4.1
.7
3.9
.7
4.7
.7
4.0
.6
3.8
.7
3.7
.8
3.8
.7
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
1.5
.4
1.7
.4
1.4
.4
3.1
1.8
2.0
.9
5.6
3.8
2.6
.9
2.2
.6
2.7
1.1
3.3
1.3
3.5
.8
3.4
1.2
3.5
.7
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 13,096
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
3,546
100.0
9,550 16,860 11,717
100.0 100.0 100.0
5,143 24,030 12,371
100.0 100.0 100.0
4,052
100.0
7,607 15,681
100.0 100.0
4,413 11,267
100.0 100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
30.4
16.2
14.1
2.5
1.7
1.4
.7
1.8
31.4
16.2
15.2
3.2
2.0
1.4
.6
1.6
30.0
16.3
13.7
2.3
1.5
1.4
.7
1.9
26.1
13.8
12.2
2.6
1.3
1.1
.5
1.6
26.6
14.0
12.6
2.9
1.3
1.2
.5
1.6
24.8
13.5
11.3
2.0
1.4
.9
.4
1.6
26.4
14.5
11.9
2.5
1.4
1.0
.6
1.6
27.8
15.4
12.5
2.6
1.7
1.1
.5
1.6
24.5
14.0
10.6
2.2
.9
1.1
.6
1.3
25.2
13.5
11.7
2.6
1.3
.9
.7
1.7
28.9
14.8
14.1
2.9
1.6
1.0
.5
1.8
27.2
14.2
13.0
2.8
1.5
.9
.5
1.7
29.5
15.0
14.5
3.0
1.7
1.0
.5
1.8
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
20.5
2.8
19.9
3.0
20.7
2.7
18.7
2.8
18.5
2.8
19.2
2.9
19.6
3.0
20.0
3.0
17.7
3.0
19.9
3.0
20.6
3.1
20.3
3.4
20.7
2.9
Men
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Men–Continued
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
.5
1.2
11.4
4.1
.5
1.4
11.0
3.6
.5
1.2
11.6
4.3
.4
1.4
10.8
4.0
.4
1.4
10.6
3.9
.4
1.4
11.2
4.1
.5
1.4
11.2
4.3
.5
1.4
11.6
4.2
.7
1.3
10.3
4.1
.5
1.4
11.0
4.4
.5
1.5
11.7
4.0
.5
1.8
11.6
3.9
.5
1.4
11.7
4.0
2.4
2.5
2.4
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.3
1.5
1.8
2.2
2.1
2.3
1.7
3.2
6.3
.3
.1
.2
1.0
1.7
3.1
6.0
.3
.1
.2
.9
1.6
3.2
6.5
.3
.2
.2
1.1
1.8
3.1
5.1
.2
.1
.2
.8
1.8
3.0
5.1
.2
.1
.2
.8
1.5
3.5
5.1
.3
.1
.2
.9
1.5
3.4
5.4
.2
.1
.3
.8
1.4
3.7
5.4
.2
.1
.2
.8
1.6
3.0
4.4
.2
.1
.3
.7
1.6
3.2
5.9
.2
.1
.3
.9
1.6
3.9
5.8
.2
.1
.3
.8
1.6
3.9
5.3
.2
.1
.3
.8
1.6
3.8
6.0
.2
.1
.3
.9
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
11.9
( 1)
3.6
8.3
3.9
.6
2.9
.9
10.8
( 1)
2.9
7.8
3.9
.4
2.8
.7
12.3
( 1)
3.8
8.4
3.9
.7
2.9
.9
9.2
( 1)
2.3
6.9
3.3
.3
2.6
.6
9.4
( 1)
2.5
6.9
3.4
.3
2.6
.6
8.8
( 1)
1.9
6.9
3.3
.4
2.5
.7
9.4
.1
2.7
6.7
3.3
.3
2.4
.7
10.1
.1
2.8
7.2
3.6
.3
2.4
.8
8.2
( 1)
2.3
5.8
2.8
.3
1.9
.8
9.1
.1
2.7
6.3
2.9
.4
2.5
.5
11.0
.1
2.4
8.6
4.6
.4
2.4
1.0
12.1
.1
2.7
9.3
5.1
.5
2.5
1.2
10.6
.1
2.3
8.3
4.5
.4
2.4
1.0
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
16.9
5.8
6.7
18.2
5.6
7.6
16.4
5.9
6.3
18.8
6.3
7.1
18.8
6.2
6.9
18.7
6.7
7.7
19.9
7.1
8.4
19.7
7.2
8.7
19.7
6.6
8.2
20.3
7.2
8.2
17.3
6.1
7.3
19.2
6.3
8.7
16.6
5.9
6.7
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
18.2
6.5
6.3
5.1
17.1
6.8
5.3
4.1
18.6
6.4
6.7
5.5
22.6
9.5
7.2
5.3
23.7
10.6
7.3
5.3
20.1
7.2
7.1
5.2
20.7
6.7
7.8
5.7
19.1
6.0
7.2
5.4
25.7
9.6
9.3
6.3
20.5
6.4
8.1
5.8
17.2
5.7
6.0
4.5
16.3
4.6
6.3
4.6
17.6
6.1
5.9
4.5
5.3
.9
5.0
1.0
5.5
.9
5.9
1.1
5.9
1.0
5.8
1.2
6.1
1.2
6.0
1.2
6.8
1.2
6.0
1.1
5.5
1.2
5.4
1.4
5.6
1.1
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
2.2
.5
2.6
.5
2.0
.5
4.7
2.7
3.0
1.4
8.5
5.7
4.0
1.4
3.4
.9
4.3
1.7
5.0
1.9
5.0
1.1
5.0
1.6
5.0
.9
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 11,600
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
3,258
100.0
8,342 14,765 10,159
100.0 100.0 100.0
4,605 20,845 10,929
100.0 100.0 100.0
3,591
100.0
6,325 12,649
100.0 100.0
3,626
100.0
9,022
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
32.3
13.7
18.7
.3
.9
.6
4.7
6.0
34.2
14.7
19.5
.3
1.2
.7
5.2
5.6
31.6
13.2
18.3
.2
.8
.5
4.5
6.2
29.3
12.8
16.5
.3
.6
.4
4.5
5.5
29.0
12.8
16.2
.4
.6
.4
4.5
5.3
30.1
12.9
17.2
.2
.6
.4
4.4
6.0
30.1
13.0
17.0
.3
.8
.4
3.9
6.8
31.2
13.8
17.4
.3
1.0
.4
4.1
6.5
27.9
11.7
16.2
.2
.5
.3
4.1
7.0
29.4
12.5
16.9
.3
.5
.4
3.7
7.4
32.3
15.6
16.7
.4
.8
.5
3.7
5.5
30.3
14.5
15.8
.3
.6
.4
3.6
5.3
33.1
16.1
17.1
.5
.9
.5
3.7
5.6
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
41.1
3.8
2.4
.4
12.4
2.6
39.7
3.6
2.2
.5
12.2
2.5
41.6
3.9
2.5
.4
12.5
2.6
41.1
3.8
2.6
.5
12.9
2.9
41.5
3.8
2.6
.6
13.0
2.7
40.2
3.8
2.6
.5
12.8
3.2
40.9
3.6
2.3
.4
13.5
3.0
41.1
3.7
2.2
.5
13.4
2.9
40.3
3.5
2.6
.3
13.9
3.3
40.9
3.6
2.2
.5
13.3
2.9
41.0
3.4
1.7
.6
13.7
3.5
42.8
3.4
1.6
.6
14.0
3.2
40.3
3.4
1.7
.6
13.6
3.6
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.9
2.1
1.2
1.8
2.1
2.2
2.1
.7
7.1
24.8
.5
6.9
3.4
.7
6.9
24.0
.5
5.9
3.5
.7
7.2
25.2
.5
7.2
3.3
.6
7.6
24.3
.3
6.4
3.3
.7
7.7
24.7
.3
6.5
3.2
.5
7.4
23.6
.3
6.0
3.5
.6
7.9
23.8
.4
5.9
3.3
.6
7.7
24.0
.4
5.9
3.2
.7
8.5
22.9
.5
5.9
3.2
.6
7.9
24.0
.4
5.9
3.6
.6
7.4
24.0
.3
5.1
3.6
.6
7.9
25.4
.2
5.8
3.7
.7
7.1
23.4
.3
4.9
3.5
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Women–Continued
Mail and message distributing ............................
.6
.6
.6
.6
.6
.6
.7
.7
.7
.6
.6
.5
.7
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
17.3
1.2
.7
15.4
5.1
4.6
2.1
3.7
16.2
.9
.4
15.0
5.3
4.3
1.7
3.7
17.7
1.3
.8
15.6
5.0
4.7
2.2
3.7
17.8
.9
.6
16.3
6.4
3.7
2.1
4.2
17.5
.9
.7
15.9
6.3
3.7
2.1
3.9
18.4
.9
.5
17.1
6.6
3.7
2.0
4.8
17.7
1.4
.8
15.6
5.8
3.5
2.5
3.8
16.9
1.3
.8
14.8
5.7
3.2
2.5
3.4
16.8
1.1
.7
15.0
5.7
3.4
2.3
3.5
19.6
1.6
.8
17.2
5.8
4.2
2.6
4.6
16.6
1.6
.7
14.3
5.4
2.7
2.2
3.9
17.6
1.1
.6
15.9
6.2
2.8
2.5
4.4
16.1
1.8
.7
13.6
5.1
2.7
2.1
3.7
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
1.9
.2
.1
2.2
.3
.2
1.7
.2
.1
2.3
.3
.3
2.2
.3
.3
2.3
.3
.3
2.2
.3
.2
2.1
.4
.2
2.9
.3
.4
1.9
.3
.2
2.0
.3
.2
2.1
.3
.2
2.0
.3
.2
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
6.8
4.6
.8
.7
7.0
4.9
.7
.7
6.7
4.5
.8
.8
8.2
5.3
.8
.7
9.0
5.8
.9
.7
6.6
4.0
.8
.6
8.2
5.6
1.0
.9
8.0
5.5
1.0
.8
11.2
7.9
1.0
.9
7.0
4.4
1.0
.9
6.5
4.2
.8
.7
5.6
3.1
.9
.8
6.8
4.6
.7
.7
1.4
( 1)
1.4
.1
1.4
( 1)
2.1
.1
2.3
.1
1.8
.1
1.7
.1
1.5
.1
2.3
.1
1.6
( 1)
1.6
.1
1.6
.1
1.6
.1
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
.7
.2
.6
.2
.7
.2
1.3
.8
.9
.4
2.4
1.8
1.0
.5
.8
.3
1.0
.5
1.3
.7
1.5
.5
1.5
.6
1.6
.4
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 21,278
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
6,311
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
32.2
15.7
16.5
1.5
1.3
1.0
2.6
4.0
33.3
15.9
17.4
1.8
1.5
1.0
2.9
3.5
31.7
15.6
16.1
1.4
1.2
1.0
2.4
4.1
27.9
13.7
14.2
1.6
.9
.7
2.3
3.5
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
30.1
3.2
1.3
.9
12.3
3.6
29.4
3.2
1.2
1.0
11.9
3.2
30.4
3.2
1.4
.8
12.5
3.8
2.4
2.4
1.3
5.0
14.7
.4
3.4
1.7
.7
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
White
See footnotes at end of table.
14,965 28,509 19,399
100.0 100.0 100.0
9,107 35,851 18,127
100.0 100.0 100.0
6,092 11,630 24,196
100.0 100.0 100.0
7,468 16,719
100.0 100.0
28.1
13.9
14.3
1.8
.9
.8
2.4
3.4
27.4
13.4
14.0
1.2
.9
.6
2.3
3.7
30.3
15.2
15.1
1.6
1.2
.8
2.3
4.2
32.1
16.3
15.8
1.7
1.5
.8
2.3
4.1
28.6
14.3
14.4
1.4
.7
.8
2.5
4.1
28.3
13.9
14.4
1.6
.9
.7
2.1
4.4
30.7
15.4
15.3
1.7
1.2
.8
1.9
3.6
29.2
14.7
14.5
1.7
1.1
.7
2.0
3.4
31.4
15.8
15.6
1.7
1.2
.8
1.8
3.6
29.2
3.3
1.4
1.0
12.0
3.6
29.3
3.3
1.4
1.0
12.0
3.5
29.1
3.3
1.5
1.0
12.1
3.8
30.1
3.4
1.3
1.0
12.9
4.1
30.7
3.4
1.2
1.0
13.4
4.1
29.2
3.2
1.5
.8
12.8
4.3
29.6
3.3
1.2
1.1
12.2
3.9
29.3
3.1
1.0
1.0
12.6
3.8
30.6
3.5
1.0
1.3
12.8
3.7
28.7
3.0
1.0
.9
12.5
3.8
2.3
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.5
1.6
1.9
2.3
2.2
2.3
1.3
5.0
14.4
.4
2.9
1.8
.7
1.4
5.0
14.8
.4
3.6
1.7
.7
1.3
5.2
13.9
.3
3.1
1.7
.6
1.4
5.1
14.0
.2
3.2
1.6
.7
1.1
5.3
13.6
.3
3.0
1.8
.6
1.3
5.3
13.8
.3
2.9
1.9
.6
1.3
5.5
13.9
.3
2.9
1.8
.6
1.4
5.3
13.2
.4
3.1
1.9
.7
1.3
5.0
14.1
.3
2.8
2.0
.7
1.3
5.2
13.6
.2
2.3
1.8
.6
1.2
5.7
14.3
.2
2.6
1.9
.6
1.3
5.0
13.2
.2
2.2
1.8
.5
13.2
.5
2.0
10.6
4.5
1.8
2.3
2.1
12.8
.4
1.7
10.7
4.5
2.0
2.2
2.1
13.3
.6
2.2
10.6
4.5
1.7
2.3
2.1
12.4
.4
1.4
10.6
4.7
1.6
2.1
2.2
12.2
.4
1.5
10.3
4.7
1.5
2.1
2.0
12.8
.4
1.1
11.3
4.8
1.8
2.1
2.6
11.4
.6
1.7
9.2
4.0
1.3
1.9
2.0
11.3
.5
1.7
9.0
4.3
1.1
1.7
2.0
10.2
.5
1.3
8.4
3.6
1.4
1.6
1.8
12.2
.7
1.8
9.8
3.9
1.4
2.2
2.2
13.1
.9
1.6
10.7
4.9
1.3
2.3
2.2
13.9
.6
1.7
11.7
5.4
1.4
2.4
2.5
12.7
1.0
1.5
10.2
4.7
1.2
2.2
2.1
10.4
3.3
10.8
3.1
10.2
3.4
11.5
3.7
11.6
3.6
11.3
3.8
12.3
4.3
12.0
4.4
12.4
4.0
12.6
4.4
10.7
3.5
11.5
3.6
10.3
3.5
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
White–Continued
Construction trades ..............................................
3.9
4.2
3.7
4.1
4.0
4.4
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.4
5.0
4.1
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
12.6
5.5
3.7
3.0
12.0
5.7
3.2
2.5
12.8
5.4
3.9
3.2
15.6
7.3
4.2
3.1
16.6
8.2
4.2
3.1
13.4
5.4
4.2
3.1
13.1
5.3
4.3
3.2
11.6
4.7
3.7
2.9
16.4
7.4
5.1
3.6
13.6
5.2
4.7
3.4
12.4
4.9
3.8
2.9
11.2
3.7
3.9
2.9
13.0
5.4
3.8
2.9
3.4
.5
3.2
.6
3.5
.4
4.1
.6
4.2
.6
3.9
.7
3.5
.6
3.3
.6
3.9
.6
3.8
.6
3.7
.7
3.5
.8
3.8
.7
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
1.6
.4
1.7
.4
1.6
.4
3.4
2.0
2.2
1.0
5.9
4.1
2.9
1.1
2.3
.8
3.1
1.4
3.7
1.6
3.8
.9
3.6
1.3
3.9
.7
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 2,492
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
355
100.0
2,138
100.0
2,436
100.0
2,008
100.0
430
100.0
7,865
100.0
4,603
100.0
1,472
100.0
1,790
100.0
1,174
100.0
214
100.0
961
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
21.5
9.3
12.2
.5
.8
.4
2.4
3.2
22.1
10.2
11.9
.8
.8
1.0
1.5
3.7
21.4
9.2
12.2
.5
.7
.3
2.6
3.1
21.0
9.6
11.4
.7
1.1
.2
1.9
2.8
20.1
9.3
10.8
.6
.9
.2
1.9
2.7
25.2
11.1
14.1
1.2
2.1
.2
1.7
3.0
17.7
8.1
9.6
.5
.7
.2
1.5
3.6
18.1
8.4
9.7
.5
.7
.3
1.5
3.4
15.7
7.3
8.4
.4
.7
.1
1.1
3.5
18.3
8.0
10.3
.5
.9
.1
1.7
4.2
27.5
13.8
13.6
1.0
.7
.4
1.6
4.5
19.7
10.8
8.9
.2
.8
( 1)
.9
2.6
29.2
14.5
14.7
1.1
.7
.5
1.8
5.0
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
31.4
3.2
1.9
.6
8.5
1.5
32.3
4.4
2.9
.7
8.0
1.4
31.2
3.0
1.7
.6
8.5
1.5
29.5
2.7
1.4
.7
9.6
1.8
29.0
2.8
1.5
.6
9.6
1.7
31.7
2.1
.7
1.1
9.9
2.0
27.1
2.9
1.6
.7
8.9
1.6
27.3
2.9
1.4
.7
8.5
1.4
24.8
3.2
1.9
.8
8.9
1.5
28.7
2.9
1.9
.6
9.8
1.8
33.9
2.7
1.2
.7
10.8
1.8
31.9
2.4
1.1
.6
10.4
1.8
34.3
2.8
1.3
.8
10.9
1.8
1.5
.9
1.6
1.5
1.4
2.0
1.0
1.1
.6
1.2
2.0
2.2
1.9
.4
5.1
19.7
.6
3.6
1.4
1.6
.6
5.1
19.9
.5
3.4
1.2
1.2
.4
5.1
19.7
.6
3.6
1.5
1.6
.3
6.0
17.2
.3
2.3
1.2
1.7
.3
6.1
16.6
.2
2.5
1.3
1.3
.4
5.5
19.6
.6
1.2
1.0
3.5
.3
6.0
15.3
.4
2.4
1.0
1.2
.2
5.7
15.9
.5
2.7
1.1
1.4
.2
6.5
12.7
.3
1.5
.8
.8
.3
6.3
15.9
.3
2.3
1.0
1.3
.7
6.4
20.3
.4
2.8
1.0
2.1
.7
5.7
19.1
.3
3.0
.3
1.2
.6
6.6
20.6
.4
2.7
1.1
2.3
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
25.7
1.1
4.3
20.4
3.6
8.8
4.8
3.1
23.5
.9
2.8
19.8
4.3
8.7
4.2
2.7
26.1
1.1
4.5
20.5
3.5
8.8
4.9
3.2
22.2
.6
3.2
18.5
4.7
5.1
5.3
3.4
22.1
.6
3.1
18.3
4.5
5.0
5.3
3.5
22.7
.3
3.3
19.1
5.8
5.3
5.2
2.7
21.5
1.1
2.6
17.8
5.7
4.5
4.9
2.7
20.7
1.1
2.6
17.0
5.5
4.1
5.2
2.2
20.4
.6
2.7
17.0
6.2
3.4
4.2
3.3
24.4
1.3
2.5
20.7
5.8
6.7
4.8
3.4
18.5
.3
3.5
14.7
4.0
4.5
2.7
3.4
25.1
.4
4.1
20.6
7.2
4.4
3.6
5.3
17.0
.3
3.3
13.3
3.3
4.6
2.5
3.0
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
6.7
2.6
2.1
6.8
2.6
1.9
6.7
2.6
2.1
7.3
2.3
2.1
7.9
2.4
2.3
4.8
1.9
1.0
9.0
2.7
3.2
9.2
2.9
3.6
9.2
2.1
2.6
8.2
2.6
2.5
7.9
3.5
2.3
6.7
3.9
1.4
8.2
3.4
2.5
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
14.2
5.3
4.5
4.2
14.3
7.4
2.8
2.6
14.2
5.0
4.8
4.4
19.5
9.7
5.1
3.9
20.5
10.3
5.4
4.2
15.0
6.9
3.6
2.9
23.1
10.0
6.7
4.8
22.9
9.7
6.7
4.9
28.6
14.4
6.6
4.4
19.2
7.2
6.8
5.2
11.5
1.9
4.7
4.0
16.3
4.1
5.5
4.8
10.4
1.4
4.5
3.8
4.3
.8
4.2
.1
4.4
.9
4.7
.6
4.8
.6
4.5
.9
6.4
.8
6.5
.9
7.6
.8
5.2
.8
4.9
.5
6.6
1.1
4.5
.4
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
.5
( 1)
.9
( 1)
.4
( 1)
.5
( 1)
.5
( 1)
.6
( 1)
1.6
.2
1.7
.2
1.4
.1
1.3
.2
.7
.2
.3
.1
.8
.3
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and occupation
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Hispanic origin
Total (in thousands) ................................................ 1,827
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
252
100.0
1,575
100.0
1,021
100.0
814
100.0
207
100.0
4,317
100.0
1,602
100.0
86
100.0
2,626
100.0
5,550
100.0
1,301
100.0
4,252
100.0
Managerial and professional specialty ...................
Executive, administrative, and managerial ...........
Professional specialty ..........................................
Engineers ...........................................................
Mathematical and computer scientists ...............
Health diagnosing occupations ...........................
Health assessment and treating occupations .....
Teachers, except college and university ............
14.2
7.2
7.0
.3
.4
.4
.8
1.5
12.2
5.4
6.8
.3
.2
.7
.5
1.8
14.5
7.5
7.0
.3
.5
.4
.9
1.5
15.5
8.4
7.1
.7
.8
.6
.8
1.6
15.7
8.5
7.2
.7
.9
.7
.7
1.7
15.0
8.1
6.9
.6
.1
.4
1.2
1.2
16.7
8.8
7.9
.8
.3
.5
.9
2.6
20.4
11.3
9.1
1.0
.7
.8
.7
2.2
20.7
10.3
10.4
.2
( 1)
4.4
2.0
2.2
14.3
7.2
7.1
.7
.1
.2
1.0
2.9
13.1
7.3
5.8
.5
.3
.1
.6
1.8
13.5
7.3
6.2
.5
.4
.3
1.1
1.7
13.0
7.3
5.7
.5
.3
( 1)
.4
1.9
Technical, sales, and administrative support ..........
Technicians and related support ..........................
Health technologists and technicians .................
Engineering and science technicians .................
Sales occupations ................................................
Supervisors and proprietors ...............................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ............................................................
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..................................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services .......
Administrative support, including clerical ..............
Computer equipment operators ..........................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .............
Financial records processing ..............................
Mail and message distributing ............................
25.2
1.8
1.1
.4
8.8
2.3
20.4
1.8
1.0
.3
6.3
.3
25.9
1.8
1.1
.4
9.2
2.6
20.9
2.5
.7
1.1
7.6
2.1
21.7
2.6
.8
1.0
7.8
2.3
18.0
2.2
.2
1.4
6.5
1.5
24.6
2.1
.9
.7
10.1
2.8
27.0
2.6
1.2
.7
11.9
3.1
20.6
.4
.4
( 1)
10.2
.5
23.2
1.8
.7
.7
9.1
2.7
23.2
1.9
.8
.7
9.4
2.3
25.6
2.6
.8
.9
10.0
2.8
22.4
1.7
.8
.7
9.2
2.2
.8
.7
.8
.5
.6
.1
1.0
1.5
1.4
.6
1.0
.9
1.0
.5
5.2
14.6
.3
3.2
1.0
1.2
.5
4.8
12.3
.5
2.1
.2
( 1)
.5
5.2
15.0
.2
3.4
1.1
1.4
.4
4.5
10.8
.1
1.7
.6
1.2
.3
4.6
11.2
.2
1.7
.7
1.2
.7
4.1
9.3
( 1)
1.5
( 1)
1.1
.6
5.7
12.4
.2
2.0
1.2
.5
.6
6.6
12.5
.1
2.7
1.1
.5
3.6
4.7
10.0
1.2
1.5
.7
1.4
.6
5.1
12.4
.2
1.7
1.4
.5
.6
5.5
11.9
.2
1.6
1.1
.6
.5
5.7
13.1
.3
2.8
1.1
.7
.6
5.4
11.5
.2
1.3
1.1
.6
Service occupations ...............................................
Private household .................................................
Protective service .................................................
Service, except private household and protective
Food service .......................................................
Health service .....................................................
Cleaning and building service .............................
Personal service .................................................
24.1
1.4
2.4
20.3
8.1
3.2
6.3
2.7
26.4
1.0
1.4
24.0
6.9
4.8
7.3
5.1
23.8
1.5
2.6
19.7
8.2
2.9
6.1
2.4
18.4
.4
1.1
16.9
9.9
1.1
4.3
1.6
16.3
.4
1.4
14.5
8.6
1.1
3.6
1.2
26.6
.3
( 1)
26.3
14.7
1.1
7.4
3.1
19.5
1.7
1.6
16.1
7.2
1.7
5.1
2.2
19.3
2.2
1.4
15.6
7.2
1.1
5.1
2.3
23.3
1.8
1.1
20.3
12.6
.4
3.9
3.4
19.5
1.4
1.7
16.3
7.0
2.1
5.1
2.1
19.6
2.0
1.4
16.3
7.6
1.5
5.1
2.1
21.6
.8
1.6
19.3
9.1
1.9
5.6
2.7
19.0
2.3
1.3
15.4
7.2
1.4
4.9
1.8
Precision production, craft, and repair ....................
Mechanics and repairers ......................................
Construction trades ..............................................
10.1
3.2
3.0
11.5
3.2
2.5
9.8
3.2
3.1
13.5
2.7
5.3
13.4
3.0
5.1
14.0
1.8
6.1
15.5
4.3
7.6
12.8
4.1
6.3
12.3
4.0
4.8
17.3
4.5
8.4
13.0
3.7
5.4
15.1
3.4
7.5
12.3
3.8
4.8
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .......................
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..
Transportation and material moving occupations
Motor vehicle operators ......................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers .............................................................
Construction laborers .........................................
24.9
13.4
5.0
4.3
28.8
18.5
3.5
2.4
24.3
12.6
5.3
4.6
29.8
18.8
3.2
2.0
31.3
19.8
3.6
2.2
23.6
15.0
1.9
1.2
19.0
7.7
5.0
3.7
16.7
6.7
4.3
3.6
15.4
4.6
2.0
.3
20.5
8.4
5.5
3.9
22.7
11.8
4.5
3.4
18.0
7.3
4.2
2.9
24.1
13.2
4.6
3.5
6.5
.9
6.8
.6
6.5
.9
7.8
1.8
8.0
2.1
6.8
.8
6.3
1.3
5.7
1.5
8.8
.8
6.6
1.2
6.3
1.4
6.5
1.7
6.2
1.3
Farming, forestry, and fishing .................................
Farm operators and managers .............................
1.5
.1
.8
( 1)
1.6
.1
1.8
.1
1.6
( 1)
2.8
.3
4.7
.3
3.8
.3
7.6
1.1
5.1
.3
8.5
.3
6.2
.4
9.2
.3
1 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and
salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and industry
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
6,080 10,793 21,690
6,148 15,540
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Total ................................................................... 20,294
Mining .....................................................................
35
5,644
( 2)
14,649 25,644 18,242
( 2)
94
( 2)
7,403 35,418 18,545
( 2)
363
( 2)
55
258
150
99
51
Construction ........................................................... 1,109
310
799
1,555
1,073
482
2,711
1,464
414
832
1,579
538
1,040
Manufacturing ......................................................... 4,003
Durable goods ...................................................... 2,223
Lumber and wood products ................................
87
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
91
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
120
Primary metal industries .....................................
137
Fabricated metal products ..................................
251
Machinery and computing equipment .................
465
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
409
Transportation equipment ...................................
248
Motor vehicles ..................................................
91
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
236
Nondurable goods ................................................ 1,780
Food and kindred products .................................
240
Textile mill products ............................................
115
Apparel and other textile products ......................
262
Paper and allied products ...................................
142
Printing and publishing .......................................
463
Chemicals and allied products ............................
354
1,212
789
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
92
188
165
99
( 2)
2,791
1,434
62
68
97
109
159
276
244
149
75
6,278
4,174
150
226
178
350
506
959
434
1,014
850
4,836
3,310
103
176
135
314
401
728
327
872
775
1,444
865
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
105
232
107
143
75
6,876
3,599
368
250
223
196
363
676
621
588
307
3,414
1,716
151
139
112
80
152
297
331
270
140
1,531
852
130
81
( 2)
62
85
133
108
170
118
1,932
1,032
87
( 2)
73
55
126
246
182
149
50
4,060
2,574
189
94
99
80
213
492
510
523
94
866
565
42
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
47
122
109
91
( 2)
3,197
2,011
147
68
69
65
166
370
401
433
68
81
423
43
36
( 2)
59
127
53
155
1,357
197
79
228
82
335
301
161
2,104
505
( 2)
85
212
484
365
109
1,526
320
( 2)
58
173
335
286
( 2)
578
184
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
149
79
145
3,277
645
483
419
246
496
488
91
1,698
274
411
176
129
259
231
( 2)
679
149
53
147
52
94
75
( 2)
900
222
( 2)
97
65
144
181
210
1,486
414
38
242
102
352
178
44
302
111
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
86
( 2)
166
1,186
302
( 2)
222
86
267
152
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ............................................................... 1,419
Transportation ......................................................
856
Communications and other public utilities ............
563
341
195
147
1,078
661
417
1,689
1,078
611
1,153
744
409
536
334
202
2,771
1,707
1,064
1,435
852
583
449
296
154
886
559
327
1,528
936
592
431
252
179
1,097
684
413
Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 4,893
Wholesale trade ....................................................
900
Retail trade ........................................................... 3,992
1,299
213
1,086
3,593
687
2,906
6,564
1,202
5,362
4,535
809
3,726
2,028
393
1,635
9,307
1,621
7,686
4,854
806
4,048
1,597
289
1,308
2,855
526
2,330
5,756
1,070
4,686
1,698
278
1,421
4,056
792
3,264
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 1,803
483
1,320
1,810
1,233
576
2,477
1,439
348
691
1,579
463
1,115
Services, excluding private households ................. 7,032
Professional services ............................................ 4,713
Educational services ...........................................
721
Health services, including hospitals .................... 2,351
1,996
1,376
229
678
5,035
3,337
492
1,672
7,656
4,985
657
2,627
5,360
3,470
422
1,834
2,296 10,914
1,515 6,538
235
752
793 3,369
5,889
3,440
390
1,707
1,686
1,114
131
620
3,339
1,983
230
1,043
7,037
3,744
416
1,786
2,053
1,058
92
516
4,983
2,686
324
1,270
253
833
1,057
779
860
342
578
1,207
276
931
4
8
5
3
1
UNEMPLOYED
Total ................................................................... 1,086
Mining .....................................................................
2
Construction ...........................................................
131
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
177
80
5
6
6
5
8
15
12
8
4
See footnotes at end of table.
4
96
( 2)
(
(
(
(
( 2)
3
( 2)
33
98
132
100
41
24
136
57
4
5
5
5
6
10
7
6
4
210
133
9
9
6
15
13
19
15
37
32
165
107
7
7
3
13
12
15
13
31
28
2
79
3
77
2
58
2)
2)
2)
2)
( 2)
2
5
4
2
2
17
278
( 2)
1,780
15
( 2)
32
212
99
43
71
148
35
113
45
26
2
4
3
6
4
306
141
20
12
11
6
10
26
19
22
11
135
61
7
7
7
2
2
13
8
8
3
87
45
10
3
2
2
2
8
6
8
5
85
34
3
2
( )
2
( )
1
5
6
5
5
3
192
90
13
4
3
4
10
16
12
11
3
33
19
4
2
( )
2
( )
( 2)
2
4
3
2
( 2)
159
71
9
2
3
3
8
12
10
10
3
( 2)
19
5
165
3
73
( 2)
41
( 2)
51
8
101
1
14
7
88
(
(
(
(
2)
2)
2)
2)
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and
salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and industry
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
UNEMPLOYED–Continued
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
17
8
25
6
21
10
1
4
2
14
5
23
5
18
8
23
( 2)
7
7
17
7
17
( 2)
6
7
13
5
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
4
2
47
18
40
7
18
14
16
15
14
2
7
6
11
3
16
1
4
3
21
( 2)
10
4
7
5
45
2
20
3
13
8
58
44
14
13
9
4
45
35
10
49
33
15
31
21
10
18
13
5
89
66
22
43
33
10
15
13
2
31
21
10
64
50
14
14
9
5
50
41
9
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
312
37
275
77
9
68
236
29
207
329
38
291
236
30
206
93
9
85
604
48
556
294
24
270
108
10
98
202
13
189
400
53
347
99
12
87
300
41
259
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
70
17
54
40
30
10
68
38
8
22
51
14
37
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
336
156
24
76
72
35
5
19
264
121
19
57
295
113
16
53
216
82
10
39
79
32
6
14
486
202
23
101
249
113
13
56
78
29
3
14
159
59
7
32
348
117
13
50
78
26
3
11
270
91
10
38
5.3
4.5
5.7
4.1
4.3
3.8
5.0
4.6
5.6
5.3
5.6
4.4
6.0
6.5
3.2
3.3
3.4
2.9
( 2)
3
2
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
6
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
6
2
39
( 2)
18
3
11
6
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Total ...................................................................
Mining .....................................................................
4.4
( 2)
Construction ...........................................................
11.8
10.6
12.2
8.5
9.4
6.6
7.8
6.8
10.3
8.5
9.3
6.4
10.9
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
4.4
3.6
5.2
6.3
4.8
3.9
3.3
3.3
2.8
3.0
4.0
3.4
3.0
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
2.0
2.7
2.7
1.7
( 2)
4.9
4.0
5.7
6.8
5.0
4.1
4.0
3.7
2.9
3.9
4.7
3.4
3.2
6.2
4.1
3.3
4.2
2.7
2.0
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.4
3.3
6.5
4.1
2.3
4.2
3.0
2.1
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.1
3.0
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
1.5
1.7
2.4
4.2
5.8
4.4
3.9
5.5
4.8
5.1
2.8
2.7
3.9
3.0
3.7
3.5
3.9
3.6
4.7
4.7
6.2
2.8
1.5
4.2
2.5
2.9
2.1
5.7
5.3
7.5
4.2
( 2)
3.6
2.6
5.7
5.4
5.0
4.1
4.4
3.3
3.9
( 2)
3.3
2.1
4.3
2.5
2.7
3.5
6.2
4.7
3.5
6.9
4.0
3.1
4.8
4.7
3.2
2.4
2.1
3.2
3.8
3.4
9.2
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
3.3
3.1
2.5
1.6
( 2)
5.0
3.5
6.3
3.3
3.8
4.9
5.1
3.2
2.4
2.3
4.0
1.8
5.4
7.2
6.6
9.4
4.0
4.6
2.8
2.2
4.0
6.9
6.4
( 2)
1.1
2.8
3.5
1.5
5.8
7.3
6.7
9.9
6.2
5.3
2.6
1.6
3.7
4.5
( 2)
8.8
3.3
3.4
1.9
2.2
3.8
5.2
( 2)
10.5
3.8
3.8
1.7
( 2)
3.3
3.2
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
2.7
2.4
3.2
5.0
7.3
3.8
9.5
2.7
3.6
2.8
3.7
4.3
5.7
3.6
8.3
1.6
2.7
2.4
( 2)
6.1
7.1
6.5
10.6
1.1
3.9
4.2
( 2)
5.6
9.4
( 2)
10.0
6.1
4.8
2.7
3.8
6.8
11.0
5.5
8.3
3.3
3.6
4.4
1.6
4.6
5.5
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
1.8
( 2)
4.4
7.4
13.0
( 2)
8.2
3.7
4.3
3.7
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
4.1
5.2
2.5
3.9
4.8
2.8
4.2
5.3
2.4
2.9
3.1
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.5
3.3
3.7
2.6
3.2
3.9
2.1
3.0
3.8
1.8
3.2
4.3
1.3
3.5
3.8
3.1
4.2
5.3
2.4
3.3
3.5
3.0
4.6
6.0
2.2
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
6.4
4.1
6.9
5.9
4.0
6.3
6.6
4.2
7.1
5.0
3.2
5.4
5.2
3.7
5.5
4.6
2.2
5.2
6.5
2.9
7.2
6.1
3.0
6.7
6.8
3.6
7.5
7.1
2.5
8.1
6.9
4.9
7.4
5.8
4.2
6.1
7.4
5.2
8.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
3.9
3.5
4.1
2.2
2.4
1.8
2.7
2.6
2.4
3.2
3.2
2.9
3.4
Services, excluding private households .................
4.8
3.6
5.2
3.9
4.0
3.4
4.5
4.2
4.6
4.7
4.9
3.8
5.4
See footnotes at end of table.
( 2)
2.8
( 2)
( 2)
4.2
( 2)
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and
salary workers by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Northeast
Employment status and industry
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
3.3
3.3
3.2
2.5
2.0
2.8
3.6
3.9
3.4
1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B.
2.3
2.4
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.1
2.4
1.8
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.3
3.4
3.3
2.6
2.5
2.3
3.0
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
2.8
2.5
3.1
2.2
3.4
3.2
3.0
NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other industries, not
shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates
because of rounding.
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
Northeast
Population group and area
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
TOTAL
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 19,208
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
5,391
100.0
13,816 24,587 17,463
100.0 100.0 100.0
7,125 33,638 17,685
100.0 100.0 100.0
5,738 10,215 20,483
100.0 100.0 100.0
5,872 14,608
100.0 100.0
Mining .....................................................................
.2
.1
.2
.4
.3
.6
1.0
.3
.9
2.4
.7
1.6
.3
Construction ...........................................................
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.8
5.6
6.3
7.4
7.7
6.5
7.5
7.0
8.6
6.3
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
19.9
11.2
.4
.4
.6
.7
1.3
2.3
2.1
1.3
.5
21.7
14.2
.4
.4
.4
.5
1.7
3.4
3.0
1.8
.3
19.2
10.0
.4
.5
.7
.8
1.1
1.9
1.7
1.0
.5
24.7
16.4
.6
.9
.7
1.4
2.0
3.8
1.7
4.0
3.3
26.7
18.3
.6
1.0
.8
1.7
2.2
4.1
1.8
4.8
4.3
19.6
11.8
.6
.7
.6
.5
1.5
3.2
1.5
1.9
1.0
19.5
10.3
1.0
.7
.6
.6
1.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
.9
18.5
9.4
.8
.7
.6
.4
.8
1.6
1.8
1.5
.8
25.2
14.1
2.1
1.3
.6
1.0
1.4
2.2
1.8
2.8
2.0
18.1
9.8
.8
.3
.7
.5
1.2
2.3
1.7
1.4
.5
18.9
12.1
.9
.4
.5
.4
1.0
2.3
2.4
2.5
.4
14.2
9.3
.7
.4
.5
.2
.8
2.0
1.8
1.5
.5
20.8
13.3
.9
.5
.5
.4
1.1
2.5
2.7
2.9
.4
1.2
8.8
1.2
.6
1.2
.7
2.3
1.8
1.5
7.5
.7
.6
.6
1.1
2.3
.9
1.1
9.2
1.3
.5
1.5
.6
2.3
2.1
.6
8.2
2.0
.1
.3
.8
1.9
1.5
.6
8.4
1.7
( 1)
.3
1.0
1.8
1.6
.7
7.9
2.5
.1
.4
.5
2.0
1.1
.4
9.3
1.8
1.4
1.1
.7
1.4
1.4
.5
9.2
1.5
2.2
.9
.7
1.4
1.3
.3
11.1
2.4
.9
2.3
.9
1.6
1.3
.3
8.3
2.0
.2
.9
.6
1.3
1.7
1.0
6.8
1.8
.2
1.1
.5
1.7
.8
.7
4.9
1.8
( 1)
.3
.3
1.4
.4
1.1
7.5
1.8
.2
1.4
.6
1.7
1.0
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
7.1
4.2
2.9
6.1
3.4
2.6
7.5
4.5
2.9
6.7
4.2
2.4
6.4
4.1
2.3
7.3
4.5
2.8
8.0
4.9
3.1
7.9
4.6
3.2
7.6
4.9
2.6
8.4
5.3
3.1
7.1
4.3
2.8
7.1
4.1
3.0
7.2
4.4
2.8
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
23.8
4.5
19.4
22.7
3.8
18.9
24.3
4.8
19.5
25.4
4.7
20.6
24.6
4.5
20.2
27.2
5.4
21.8
25.9
4.7
21.2
25.8
4.4
21.4
26.0
4.9
21.1
26.0
5.0
21.0
26.2
5.0
21.2
27.2
4.5
22.7
25.7
5.1
20.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
9.0
8.6
9.2
7.2
6.9
7.9
7.2
7.9
5.9
6.5
7.5
7.7
7.4
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
34.9
23.7
3.6
11.8
35.7
24.9
4.2
12.2
34.5
23.3
3.4
11.7
29.9
19.8
2.6
10.5
29.5
19.4
2.4
10.3
31.1
20.8
3.2
10.9
31.0
18.8
2.2
9.7
31.9
18.8
2.1
9.3
28.0
18.9
2.2
10.6
31.1
18.8
2.2
9.9
32.7
17.7
2.0
8.5
33.6
17.6
1.5
8.6
32.3
17.8
2.1
8.4
2,815
100.0
7,438 13,233
100.0 100.0
9,483
100.0
3,750 18,446
100.0 100.0
9,642
100.0
3,095
100.0
5,709 11,555
100.0 100.0
3,284
100.0
8,271
100.0
Men
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 10,253
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
Mining .....................................................................
.3
.1
.3
.6
.5
1.0
1.6
.4
1.6
3.6
1.0
2.5
.5
Construction ...........................................................
8.7
8.9
8.7
9.7
9.1
11.1
12.3
12.8
10.6
12.2
11.0
13.5
10.0
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
24.8
15.0
.7
.7
.8
1.0
1.8
3.4
2.5
1.9
.7
28.1
18.8
.7
.6
.6
.7
2.3
4.7
3.5
2.8
.4
23.5
13.5
.7
.7
.9
1.1
1.6
2.9
2.1
1.5
.8
32.2
22.6
.8
1.2
.9
2.2
2.8
5.6
1.9
5.6
4.6
34.7
25.2
.8
1.3
1.0
2.8
3.1
6.0
2.0
6.7
5.9
25.9
16.3
.9
.9
.9
.9
2.1
4.5
1.6
2.9
1.4
23.7
13.6
1.6
.9
.9
.9
1.4
2.7
1.9
2.3
1.2
22.2
12.3
1.3
1.0
.9
.6
1.1
2.2
1.9
2.2
1.1
30.3
19.1
3.3
1.6
1.0
1.5
2.0
3.0
2.0
3.8
2.6
22.6
12.8
1.2
.4
1.0
.9
1.6
3.2
2.0
1.9
.6
23.0
15.7
1.3
.6
.6
.5
1.5
3.1
2.7
3.4
.6
17.6
12.0
1.0
.6
.7
.3
1.2
2.5
2.1
2.2
.6
25.1
17.2
1.4
.6
.6
.6
1.6
3.3
3.0
3.9
.6
1.4
9.8
1.7
9.4
1.2
10.0
.7
9.6
.6
9.6
.8
9.6
.5
10.1
.5
9.9
.4
11.2
.3
9.7
1.0
7.3
.7
5.6
1.2
7.9
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and area
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Men–Continued
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
1.5
.6
.7
1.1
2.6
2.1
1.0
.7
.3
1.7
2.8
1.2
1.7
.6
.9
.8
2.5
2.4
2.5
.1
.2
1.1
2.0
1.7
2.2
( 1)
.2
1.2
1.9
1.8
3.2
.1
.2
.8
2.1
1.6
2.1
1.5
.5
1.0
1.5
1.7
1.7
2.4
.5
1.0
1.5
1.4
2.6
.8
.8
1.3
1.7
1.5
2.3
.2
.4
.9
1.4
2.4
2.2
.2
.7
.7
1.8
.9
2.3
.1
.2
.4
1.5
.5
2.2
.2
.9
.8
1.9
1.1
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
9.4
5.8
3.6
8.0
4.8
3.2
9.9
6.2
3.8
8.9
5.9
3.0
8.5
5.8
2.8
9.8
6.3
3.4
10.4
6.8
3.6
10.1
6.4
3.7
10.8
7.2
3.5
10.7
7.4
3.4
8.7
5.6
3.2
8.6
5.2
3.4
8.8
5.7
3.1
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
24.2
5.7
18.5
22.7
5.0
17.7
24.7
5.9
18.8
23.8
6.2
17.6
22.8
5.7
17.1
26.3
7.3
19.0
24.6
6.1
18.5
25.0
5.7
19.3
23.3
6.3
17.0
24.6
6.7
17.9
25.4
6.1
19.3
26.5
5.9
20.6
24.9
6.2
18.7
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
7.6
6.7
7.9
4.9
4.7
5.5
4.9
5.6
3.8
4.4
5.3
5.0
5.4
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
25.1
13.7
2.8
4.6
25.4
14.3
3.3
4.3
25.0
13.5
2.5
4.7
19.9
9.9
1.6
3.4
19.6
9.8
1.4
3.4
20.6
10.2
1.9
3.5
22.5
10.2
1.5
3.5
23.9
10.3
1.5
3.2
19.6
10.5
1.5
4.2
21.9
9.8
1.4
3.4
25.5
10.3
1.4
3.3
26.3
10.3
1.1
3.2
25.2
10.3
1.5
3.4
2,576
100.0
6,378 11,355
100.0 100.0
7,980
100.0
3,375 15,192
100.0 100.0
8,043
100.0
2,643
100.0
4,507
100.0
8,927
100.0
2,588
100.0
6,338
100.0
Women
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 8,955
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
( 1)
.1
.1
.1
.1
.3
.1
.1
.9
.3
.6
.2
1.1
.9
1.3
1.4
1.0
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.8
2.3
1.5
14.3
6.8
.2
.2
.3
.3
.7
1.1
1.6
.5
.2
14.7
9.2
.2
.2
.2
.2
1.0
1.9
2.4
.7
.2
14.2
5.8
.1
.2
.4
.4
.6
.7
1.3
.4
.2
15.9
9.2
.3
.5
.4
.4
1.1
1.8
1.5
2.1
1.8
17.3
10.2
.3
.6
.5
.5
1.2
1.8
1.6
2.6
2.3
12.7
6.8
.3
.4
.2
.1
.7
1.7
1.4
.9
.5
14.5
6.3
.3
.5
.3
.2
.6
1.1
1.6
.9
.5
14.2
5.9
.2
.5
.3
.2
.5
.9
1.7
.7
.4
19.2
8.2
.7
1.0
.2
.5
.7
1.3
1.5
1.7
1.2
12.4
5.9
.4
.1
.3
.1
.6
1.3
1.4
.8
.3
13.6
7.5
.3
.2
.2
.1
.4
1.4
2.0
1.3
.3
9.8
5.8
.2
.2
.3
.1
.2
1.4
1.4
.7
.3
15.2
8.2
.3
.3
.2
.2
.4
1.4
2.3
1.5
.2
1.0
7.5
.7
.5
1.8
.3
2.0
1.5
1.3
5.5
.4
.5
1.0
.4
1.7
.6
1.0
8.4
.8
.5
2.2
.2
2.1
1.8
.6
6.7
1.4
.1
.5
.5
1.8
1.2
.6
7.0
1.2
.1
.4
.6
1.7
1.4
.6
5.9
1.8
.1
.5
.3
1.9
.5
.4
8.2
1.4
1.3
1.9
.4
1.3
1.0
.4
8.3
1.1
2.0
1.4
.4
1.3
1.1
.2
11.0
2.2
.9
4.0
.5
1.5
.9
.3
6.5
1.6
.2
1.5
.3
1.2
.9
.9
6.1
1.3
.2
1.6
.3
1.5
.7
.8
4.0
1.2
( 1)
.5
.1
1.4
.3
1.0
7.0
1.3
.3
2.1
.3
1.6
.9
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
4.4
2.4
2.0
4.0
1.9
2.1
4.6
2.6
2.0
4.1
2.3
1.8
3.9
2.2
1.7
4.5
2.5
2.0
5.0
2.5
2.5
5.2
2.6
2.7
3.9
2.2
1.6
5.4
2.6
2.8
5.1
2.7
2.4
5.2
2.8
2.4
5.0
2.7
2.3
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
23.5
3.1
20.4
22.7
2.5
20.2
23.8
3.4
20.4
27.1
3.0
24.1
26.7
2.9
23.8
28.1
3.3
24.8
27.4
2.9
24.5
26.7
2.9
23.8
29.0
3.2
25.9
27.7
2.9
24.9
27.1
3.4
23.7
28.1
2.8
25.4
26.7
3.7
23.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
10.7
10.7
10.7
9.9
9.5
10.7
9.9
10.7
8.4
9.3
10.2
11.1
9.9
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
46.0
35.2
46.9
36.5
45.7
34.7
41.6
31.4
41.1
30.8
42.8
32.6
41.3
29.3
41.5
29.0
37.9
28.7
42.8
30.3
41.9
27.3
43.0
26.8
41.5
27.5
Mining .....................................................................
.1
Construction ...........................................................
1.0
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and area
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Women–Continued
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
4.6
20.1
5.0
20.9
4.4
19.8
3.8
18.7
3.5
18.5
4.7
19.2
3.0
17.3
2.9
16.7
3.1
17.9
3.2
18.1
2.7
15.2
4,533
100.0
8,534 17,449
100.0 100.0
2.1
15.5
3.0
15.0
White
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 16,613
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
4,977
100.0
11,635 22,172 15,524
100.0 100.0 100.0
6,647 26,907 13,839
100.0 100.0 100.0
5,448 11,994
100.0 100.0
Mining .....................................................................
.2
.1
.3
.4
.3
.6
1.2
.3
1.0
2.7
.8
1.7
.4
Construction ...........................................................
5.4
5.5
5.4
6.1
5.9
6.6
8.1
8.2
7.3
8.1
7.6
8.7
7.1
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
20.5
11.8
.5
.5
.6
.7
1.4
2.5
2.2
.4
21.7
14.1
.5
.4
.4
.5
1.7
3.4
2.9
.3
20.0
10.8
.5
.5
.7
.9
1.2
2.1
1.8
.5
24.8
16.5
.6
.9
.7
1.4
2.1
4.0
1.7
3.1
27.1
18.5
.6
1.0
.8
1.8
2.3
4.4
1.7
4.0
19.5
11.9
.6
.7
.6
.5
1.5
3.2
1.5
1.0
18.6
10.2
1.0
.7
.6
.6
1.0
2.0
1.7
.8
17.4
9.4
.8
.8
.6
.4
.8
1.7
1.8
.7
23.5
13.5
1.7
1.4
.5
1.1
1.3
2.3
1.7
2.0
18.0
9.7
.8
.3
.7
.5
1.2
2.4
1.5
.4
18.5
11.8
.9
.5
.5
.4
1.0
2.2
2.0
.5
14.0
9.2
.7
.4
.5
.2
.7
2.0
1.7
.5
20.5
12.9
1.1
.5
.5
.4
1.2
2.3
2.2
.4
1.2
8.7
1.2
.6
1.0
.7
2.4
1.7
1.4
7.5
.8
.6
.5
1.1
2.3
.9
1.2
9.2
1.4
.6
1.2
.6
2.5
2.0
.7
8.3
1.9
.1
.3
.9
2.0
1.4
.6
8.6
1.8
( 1)
.3
1.0
1.9
1.6
.7
7.6
2.3
.1
.3
.5
2.1
1.1
.4
8.5
1.4
1.2
.9
.7
1.5
1.4
.5
8.0
1.0
2.0
.7
.6
1.5
1.2
.4
10.0
1.7
.8
1.8
.9
1.7
1.4
.3
8.3
1.8
.2
.8
.6
1.5
1.8
.9
6.7
1.9
.2
.9
.5
1.7
.8
.7
4.9
1.9
.0
.3
.2
1.4
.3
1.0
7.6
1.9
.2
1.2
.6
1.8
1.0
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
6.9
4.1
2.8
6.0
3.5
2.5
7.3
4.3
3.0
6.6
4.2
2.4
6.3
4.1
2.2
7.3
4.5
2.8
7.8
4.7
3.1
7.7
4.4
3.3
7.3
4.6
2.8
8.1
5.1
2.9
7.0
4.2
2.8
7.1
4.2
2.9
6.9
4.3
2.7
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
24.4
4.7
19.7
22.9
3.9
18.9
25.1
5.0
20.1
25.7
5.0
20.7
25.0
4.8
20.2
27.5
5.6
21.9
26.2
5.1
21.1
26.4
4.8
21.6
26.5
5.4
21.1
25.7
5.4
20.3
26.4
5.1
21.2
27.3
4.6
22.6
25.9
5.3
20.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
8.9
8.7
8.9
7.2
7.0
7.8
7.6
8.5
6.3
6.9
7.5
7.9
7.3
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
33.7
22.9
3.6
11.0
35.2
24.6
4.2
11.9
33.0
22.2
3.4
10.6
29.1
19.4
2.6
10.0
28.4
18.8
2.3
9.7
30.7
20.7
3.2
10.8
30.6
18.7
2.2
9.2
31.5
18.7
2.2
8.8
28.1
19.4
2.3
10.3
30.5
18.4
2.2
9.2
32.3
17.5
2.0
8.1
33.3
17.7
1.6
8.6
31.8
17.4
2.1
8.0
294
100.0
1,533
100.0
1,877
100.0
1,558
100.0
320
100.0
5,842
100.0
3,400
100.0
1,137
100.0
1,307
100.0
812
100.0
167
100.0
645
100.0
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
.1
.4
.1
.5
.9
.4
.3
.5
Black
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 1,826
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
Mining .....................................................................
( 1)
Construction ...........................................................
3.6
1.4
4.0
2.8
3.0
2.0
5.0
5.9
3.4
4.1
3.6
5.0
3.3
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
13.5
6.2
.2
.4
.4
.3
.6
.9
.9
17.2
10.7
.2
.9
.2
.4
1.5
2.4
1.6
12.8
5.4
.2
.3
.5
.3
.4
.6
.8
22.1
14.9
.1
.4
.3
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.9
22.7
16.3
( 1)
.5
.3
1.7
1.6
1.5
2.1
19.3
8.4
.6
( 1)
.5
.7
.7
1.7
.8
23.4
10.6
1.5
.5
.7
.6
1.2
1.6
1.9
22.9
9.5
1.0
.5
.6
.5
.9
1.5
1.9
31.7
16.3
3.8
1.1
1.1
.9
1.9
1.8
2.3
17.6
8.4
.8
.1
.6
.7
1.2
1.6
1.6
13.4
8.3
.1
( 1)
.2
.2
.9
2.1
1.7
12.2
6.7
.1
( 1)
.1
( 1)
2.1
1.6
1.4
13.7
8.8
( 1)
( 1)
.2
.2
.6
2.3
1.8
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and area
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Black–Continued
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
.9
.7
1.3
.8
.8
.6
6.4
6.0
7.2
6.8
2.9
1.8
1.9
1.2
1.7
1.3
2.9
1.5
1.4
.7
2.3
.3
.5
.1
2.8
.3
1.0
7.2
.8
.5
1.3
.4
1.3
2.5
1.3
6.5
.3
1.1
1.1
.8
1.3
1.0
1.0
7.4
.9
.4
1.3
.3
1.3
2.8
.3
7.2
2.1
( 1)
.3
.6
1.3
1.8
.3
6.4
1.4
( 1)
.3
.5
1.3
1.8
.2
10.9
5.3
( 1)
.5
1.4
1.3
1.6
.3
12.8
3.3
2.0
2.1
1.0
1.1
1.4
.4
13.4
3.0
3.0
1.7
1.1
1.3
1.6
.1
15.4
4.7
1.2
4.4
1.1
1.0
.5
.2
9.2
3.0
.3
1.1
.8
.8
1.7
.3
5.1
1.2
( 1)
.4
.2
2.0
.9
.6
5.5
.9
( 1)
( 1)
.5
2.4
1.5
.3
5.0
1.2
( 1)
.5
.1
1.9
.8
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
9.5
5.9
3.6
9.2
4.1
5.1
9.5
6.3
3.2
8.5
5.1
3.3
8.6
5.0
3.6
7.7
5.7
2.0
9.3
6.1
3.3
8.9
5.8
3.1
8.6
6.4
2.2
11.1
6.5
4.6
11.4
6.2
5.3
8.1
3.6
4.5
12.3
6.9
5.5
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
17.8
2.4
15.4
19.4
2.2
17.2
17.5
2.5
15.0
21.3
2.1
19.3
20.9
2.1
18.9
23.3
2.1
21.2
23.9
3.1
20.7
23.1
3.2
19.9
24.1
3.1
21.1
25.7
3.0
22.6
22.6
3.9
18.7
23.8
3.8
20.0
22.3
4.0
18.3
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
9.8
8.7
10.1
7.4
6.9
10.0
5.6
6.1
4.6
5.1
8.4
6.0
9.0
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
45.9
31.8
3.5
19.8
44.1
31.8
2.7
20.2
46.2
31.8
3.6
19.7
37.8
24.5
2.8
14.4
37.9
24.4
2.3
14.8
37.7
25.3
5.0
12.3
32.4
19.4
1.9
12.0
33.0
19.2
2.0
11.3
27.0
16.7
1.7
11.3
35.5
22.1
1.7
14.3
40.1
21.1
2.3
11.6
44.5
19.0
.3
10.8
38.9
21.6
2.9
11.8
213
100.0
1,302
100.0
891
100.0
713
100.0
178
100.0
3,362
100.0
1,314
100.0
65
100.0
1,981
100.0
4,117
100.0
977
100.0
3,142
100.0
( 1)
( 1)
.1
( 1)
.1
1.1
.1
( 1)
1.8
.5
1.5
.2
Hispanic origin
Total (in thousands) ........................................... 1,514
Percent .............................................................. 100.0
Mining .....................................................................
( 1)
Construction ...........................................................
4.1
2.6
4.4
7.6
7.6
7.8
11.4
10.3
11.3
12.1
8.2
11.6
7.1
Manufacturing .........................................................
Durable goods ......................................................
Lumber and wood products ................................
Furniture and fixtures ..........................................
Stone, clay, and glass products ..........................
Primary metal industries .....................................
Fabricated metal products ..................................
Machinery and computing equipment .................
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ..
Transportation equipment ...................................
Motor vehicles ..................................................
Professional and photographic equipment, and
watches, etc. .....................................................
Nondurable goods ................................................
Food and kindred products .................................
Textile mill products ............................................
Apparel and other textile products ......................
Paper and allied products ...................................
Printing and publishing .......................................
Chemicals and allied products ............................
24.3
10.1
.1
.6
.3
.5
1.4
1.2
1.9
1.1
.4
34.0
19.8
.1
1.4
.4
.8
2.1
3.8
2.6
1.6
.4
22.7
8.5
.1
.5
.3
.4
1.2
.8
1.7
1.0
.4
34.1
20.6
.7
1.5
.7
2.8
3.3
3.9
2.0
2.4
1.7
35.4
23.1
.7
1.2
.8
3.5
3.9
4.4
2.5
2.8
2.1
28.9
10.8
.6
2.7
.4
.0
1.0
1.6
.3
.8
.3
17.5
8.8
.9
.6
.8
.4
1.0
1.6
1.3
1.1
.4
14.8
7.5
.7
.8
.5
.2
.9
1.0
1.9
.8
.3
21.4
6.2
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
.9
.3
1.0
1.4
2.6
.7
19.1
9.7
1.0
.5
1.0
.6
1.2
2.1
.9
1.3
.5
25.4
14.0
.7
1.2
.5
.6
1.7
2.0
2.7
2.4
.7
16.9
9.9
.8
.7
.6
.2
.8
1.5
2.5
1.2
.3
28.1
15.3
.7
1.3
.5
.7
2.0
2.2
2.8
2.7
.8
.8
14.2
2.0
2.1
4.0
.5
1.7
2.5
2.5
14.3
.8
2.6
1.1
1.5
2.7
.8
.5
14.2
2.2
2.0
4.5
.4
1.6
2.8
.6
13.5
4.6
.1
.8
1.4
2.0
1.2
.2
12.3
2.7
.1
.8
1.7
1.7
1.5
2.3
18.2
12.0
.3
.5
.2
3.3
.1
.3
8.7
3.0
.6
1.5
.4
1.0
.9
.3
7.3
2.0
1.1
1.1
.4
1.2
.4
( 1)
15.3
11.1
( 1)
.1
1.1
1.7
.2
.3
9.4
3.3
.2
1.9
.4
.8
1.2
.9
11.4
3.2
.4
3.1
.6
1.7
1.2
.9
7.1
3.9
.2
.6
.4
.9
.4
.9
12.8
3.0
.5
3.9
.7
1.9
1.5
Transportation, communications, and public
utilities ...............................................................
Transportation ......................................................
Communications and other public utilities ............
6.6
4.4
2.2
3.8
2.1
1.6
7.1
4.8
2.3
4.4
3.1
1.3
4.2
3.1
1.1
5.3
3.2
2.1
7.6
5.7
1.9
9.2
6.9
2.3
5.8
4.5
1.3
6.6
4.9
1.7
5.1
3.2
1.9
5.3
3.0
2.3
5.0
3.2
1.8
Wholesale and retail trade ......................................
Wholesale trade ....................................................
Retail trade ...........................................................
27.8
4.5
23.2
19.3
2.6
16.8
29.2
4.9
24.3
27.1
4.0
23.1
26.2
3.9
22.2
31.0
4.3
26.7
28.5
4.8
23.6
27.3
4.4
22.9
38.2
10.6
27.6
29.0
5.0
24.0
28.7
5.7
22.9
30.9
4.4
26.5
28.0
6.2
21.8
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers by industry,
sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Northeast
Population group and area
Total
Midwest
New
Middle
England Atlantic
Total
South
East
West
North North
Central Central
Total
West
East
West
South
South South
Atlantic
Central Central
Total
MounPacific
tain
Hispanic origin–Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate .......................
6.8
4.8
7.1
5.2
5.6
3.3
5.7
7.7
1.9
4.5
5.1
4.8
5.2
Services, excluding private households .................
Professional services ............................................
Educational services ...........................................
Health services, including hospitals ....................
30.4
16.7
2.1
9.1
35.5
20.4
2.6
11.1
29.6
16.1
2.0
8.8
21.5
9.6
1.4
5.3
21.0
9.6
1.5
5.2
23.6
9.9
.8
5.3
28.3
13.7
1.7
7.7
30.7
14.0
1.6
7.4
21.3
15.4
.1
13.2
26.9
13.5
1.9
7.8
27.0
11.0
1.0
5.9
28.9
12.7
.9
7.1
26.4
10.5
1.0
5.5
1 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other industries, not
shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed
percentages because of rounding. Data on rubber and miscellaneous plastics
products are not available.
Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and area
Total at work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
TOTAL
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
23,570
6,471
17,099
1,210
350
859
3,122
849
2,273
1,745
535
1,211
17,493
4,737
12,755
2,127
524
1,603
8,410
2,171
6,238
2,551
785
1,767
4,404
1,257
3,147
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
30,245
20,904
9,338
1,683
1,103
579
3,824
2,627
1,197
2,330
1,576
754
22,407
15,598
6,808
2,026
1,397
628
9,863
7,035
2,829
3,926
2,665
1,261
6,592
4,502
2,089
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
42,994
22,388
7,272
13,334
1,841
901
341
599
4,843
2,438
843
1,562
3,072
1,593
533
945
33,237
17,455
5,555
10,227
2,826
1,452
509
866
16,656
8,979
2,708
4,969
5,027
2,605
886
1,536
8,728
4,418
1,452
2,857
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
27,165
7,714
19,449
1,372
412
960
3,496
960
2,536
2,186
600
1,586
20,111
5,741
14,368
1,653
490
1,162
10,178
2,743
7,437
2,921
896
2,025
5,358
1,612
3,744
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
12,591
3,402
9,189
427
128
299
1,058
273
785
684
195
488
10,422
2,806
7,616
763
191
572
4,804
1,228
3,576
1,592
476
1,116
3,264
911
2,352
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
16,270
11,302
4,967
600
397
203
1,323
892
431
921
620
301
13,426
9,394
4,032
725
491
234
5,398
3,882
1,516
2,394
1,640
754
4,910
3,381
1,528
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
23,224
11,981
3,889
7,353
709
356
129
224
1,862
913
336
613
1,271
651
208
412
19,383
10,061
3,216
6,105
1,092
548
187
357
8,853
4,770
1,419
2,664
3,024
1,555
527
943
6,414
3,190
1,083
2,141
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
15,163
4,275
10,887
539
156
382
1,382
375
1,007
963
255
708
12,279
3,489
8,790
728
211
517
5,901
1,552
4,351
1,780
551
1,228
3,870
1,175
2,694
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
10,980
3,069
7,910
783
223
560
2,064
576
1,488
1,062
339
722
7,071
1,931
5,140
1,365
333
1,031
3,606
943
2,662
960
309
651
1,141
345
795
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
13,974
9,602
4,371
1,083
706
377
2,501
1,735
766
1,409
956
453
8,981
6,205
2,776
1,301
906
394
4,465
3,152
1,313
1,533
1,025
507
1,683
1,121
561
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
19,769
10,406
3,383
5,980
1,133
545
212
375
2,981
1,525
507
949
1,801
942
326
533
13,854
7,394
2,339
4,122
1,734
904
322
508
7,803
4,210
1,288
2,305
2,003
1,050
360
593
2,314
1,229
369
716
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
12,002
3,438
8,562
833
256
577
2,114
585
1,529
1,223
344
878
7,832
2,252
5,578
925
280
645
4,277
1,191
3,086
1,141
344
796
1,488
438
1,050
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
1,115
344
770
292
96
196
463
142
322
79
27
52
280
79
201
59
15
44
153
41
112
33
12
21
35
11
25
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
1,888
1,269
619
459
309
150
747
502
245
163
112
50
519
346
173
107
71
35
249
173
76
75
50
25
88
52
36
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
2,097
1,052
341
178
859
434
212
100
685
339
151
74
369
199
80
33
86
33
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and area
Total at work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
382
664
62
101
159
266
33
79
128
218
32
45
61
109
15
31
20
33
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1,317
482
834
262
89
173
519
177
341
141
55
86
395
160
234
79
34
45
218
87
131
52
20
32
45
20
25
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
20,293
5,998
14,294
1,088
334
753
2,746
802
1,944
1,535
499
1,035
14,925
4,363
10,561
1,748
484
1,264
6,893
1,937
4,956
2,312
747
1,564
3,972
1,195
2,776
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
27,268
18,537
8,728
1,571
1,020
550
3,462
2,348
1,113
2,117
1,413
704
20,118
13,756
6,360
1,824
1,231
593
8,490
5,914
2,576
3,660
2,463
1,196
6,144
4,147
1,996
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
34,347
17,419
5,799
11,128
1,553
755
287
511
3,925
1,943
670
1,311
2,407
1,219
416
772
26,462
13,502
4,425
8,533
2,213
1,090
397
725
12,551
6,554
2,035
3,961
4,207
2,113
752
1,342
7,491
3,744
1,241
2,506
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
23,188
7,160
16,019
1,224
392
831
3,014
895
2,119
1,865
553
1,311
17,084
5,320
11,757
1,434
460
973
8,382
2,495
5,885
2,554
849
1,703
4,715
1,516
3,196
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
2,386
342
2,045
94
12
82
283
36
247
166
29
137
1,844
265
1,579
304
36
269
1,116
157
959
158
28
130
266
44
221
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
2,322
1,916
408
80
63
17
285
231
54
173
141
32
1,784
1,481
304
162
138
24
1,110
938
172
192
149
43
320
255
65
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
7,523
4,415
1,398
1,711
254
133
50
71
809
443
162
205
588
339
111
139
5,870
3,501
1,075
1,296
544
326
101
116
3,648
2,185
650
814
704
433
127
144
975
558
196
221
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
1,121
207
915
32
6
25
134
27
107
95
17
78
860
157
705
61
11
50
550
91
459
90
18
73
159
37
122
Northeast ............................................................
New England .....................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................
1,767
243
1,525
56
8
48
217
26
191
120
21
99
1,374
189
1,186
164
21
143
820
117
703
150
25
126
239
26
213
Midwest ..............................................................
East North Central .............................................
West North Central ............................................
987
787
200
29
19
9
100
75
25
74
54
20
784
639
146
54
37
17
475
399
76
103
84
18
153
119
34
South ..................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................
East South Central ............................................
West South Central ...........................................
4,168
1,555
82
2,528
128
42
5
81
489
168
7
314
300
112
4
185
3,250
1,233
66
1,949
281
89
3
189
1,874
760
32
1,081
428
136
11
281
667
248
21
398
West ...................................................................
Mountain ............................................................
Pacific ................................................................
5,371
1,255
4,119
187
43
145
640
141
500
461
106
355
4,083
965
3,119
361
92
268
2,578
584
1,995
494
122
373
650
167
483
White
Black
Hispanic origin
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status,
1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and area
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
care
personal
Security reapart-time
or
limit on sons2
problems obligawork
training
tions
earnings
TOTAL
Northeast ..............................
New England .......................
Middle Atlantic .....................
1,777
498
1,278
153
42
111
612
151
461
296
111
186
54
14
39
662
180
482
4,309
1,241
3,068
219
50
169
378
92
286
211
76
135
1,078
339
739
1,129
338
791
403
119
283
890
226
664
Midwest ................................
East North Central ...............
West North Central ..............
2,378
1,549
829
241
167
73
906
588
318
123
86
38
204
129
76
904
579
325
5,444
3,739
1,705
223
163
60
332
234
97
172
135
37
1,396
951
444
1,746
1,165
580
519
343
176
1,057
747
310
South ....................................
South Atlantic ......................
East South Central ..............
West South Central .............
3,542
1,754
646
1,142
419
215
70
134
1,036
548
186
302
263
154
38
71
301
92
52
157
1,523
746
300
477
6,216
3,175
1,071
1,970
344
175
45
124
481
248
77
156
209
117
35
56
1,233
622
226
385
1,803
879
334
590
624
338
116
170
1,522
796
238
488
West .....................................
Mountain ..............................
Pacific ..................................
2,225
620
1,606
329
85
244
749
224
525
193
43
149
76
25
51
879
242
637
4,841
1,373
3,468
420
89
331
377
82
296
150
47
103
1,106
336
770
1,395
412
982
316
106
210
1,077
301
776
Northeast ..............................
New England .......................
Middle Atlantic .....................
875
245
630
88
26
61
315
77
238
134
49
85
39
11
28
300
82
218
1,296
352
944
97
23
74
154
36
119
5
2
3
36
11
25
503
151
352
228
69
159
273
61
212
Midwest ................................
East North Central ...............
West North Central ..............
1,197
782
414
148
104
44
464
305
159
56
40
16
121
76
46
407
257
150
1,642
1,120
522
104
81
23
123
86
38
3
2
1
45
30
15
776
515
262
273
179
95
316
228
88
South ....................................
South Atlantic ......................
East South Central ..............
West South Central .............
1,781
867
324
590
261
136
37
88
504
264
88
151
117
69
16
32
228
78
44
105
672
320
139
213
2,062
1,052
348
661
157
76
18
64
159
81
27
51
4
2
1
1
58
33
7
18
814
392
159
263
357
196
67
94
513
272
71
170
West .....................................
Mountain ..............................
Pacific ..................................
1,188
328
860
214
53
161
399
117
282
90
21
69
66
20
45
419
117
302
1,701
467
1,234
204
42
162
152
30
122
10
1
9
69
20
49
677
201
476
193
66
127
396
108
288
Northeast ..............................
New England .......................
Middle Atlantic .....................
902
253
649
65
15
50
297
74
223
162
61
101
15
4
11
362
98
264
3,012
889
2,124
122
27
95
224
57
167
206
74
131
1,042
328
714
626
187
439
175
51
124
617
165
452
Midwest ................................
East North Central ...............
West North Central ..............
1,182
766
415
93
63
30
442
284
158
68
46
22
83
53
30
497
321
175
3,802
2,619
1,183
118
82
36
208
149
60
169
133
36
1,351
921
429
969
651
319
245
165
81
741
519
222
South ....................................
South Atlantic ......................
East South Central ..............
West South Central .............
1,762
888
321
552
158
79
33
46
532
284
98
150
146
85
22
39
73
14
8
52
852
426
161
265
4,155
2,123
723
1,309
187
99
28
60
322
167
50
105
205
115
34
56
1,176
590
219
367
989
486
175
327
267
142
50
76
1,009
524
167
318
West .....................................
Mountain ..............................
Pacific ..................................
1,037
291
746
115
32
84
350
107
243
102
22
80
10
5
5
460
125
334
3,140
907
2,234
216
48
169
226
52
174
140
46
94
1,037
316
721
717
211
506
122
40
82
682
194
488
Northeast ..............................
New England .......................
Middle Atlantic .....................
1,541
469
1,072
133
39
94
551
147
404
252
103
149
50
14
36
555
167
388
3,939
1,207
2,732
184
48
136
300
82
218
199
72
127
1,041
341
700
1,012
322
691
382
119
263
821
222
598
Midwest ................................
East North Central ...............
West North Central ..............
2,148
1,380
768
216
147
69
833
534
299
104
71
33
191
122
69
804
506
298
5,147
3,490
1,657
199
141
58
285
198
87
156
122
35
1,378
933
445
1,613
1,065
548
505
332
174
1,009
699
310
Men
Women
White
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status,
1997 annual averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and area
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
care
personal
Security reapart-time
or
limit on sons2
problems obligawork
training
tions
earnings
White–Continued
South ....................................
South Atlantic ......................
East South Central ..............
West South Central .............
2,795
1,337
503
955
317
156
49
113
865
451
153
261
196
111
30
55
254
73
43
139
1,163
547
229
388
5,243
2,659
890
1,694
248
129
29
91
324
166
47
111
175
96
30
49
1,138
577
209
352
1,504
718
266
520
560
295
107
158
1,293
679
202
413
West .....................................
Mountain ..............................
Pacific ..................................
1,909
572
1,337
288
79
209
656
209
447
148
39
109
69
24
45
748
221
527
4,338
1,329
3,009
371
84
287
313
73
240
139
46
92
1,047
334
713
1,197
392
805
293
105
188
980
295
685
Northeast ..............................
New England .......................
Middle Atlantic .....................
190
22
168
17
3
14
45
3
42
36
6
30
3
3
89
10
79
368
57
311
38
5
33
80
12
68
12
5
7
42
8
34
91
15
77
19
2
17
86
12
74
Midwest ................................
East North Central ...............
West North Central ..............
189
146
43
22
18
3
55
45
10
17
14
3
10
5
5
85
64
21
361
299
62
31
27
3
54
44
10
16
14
2
44
36
8
108
86
23
20
17
3
88
75
14
South ....................................
South Atlantic ......................
East South Central ..............
West South Central .............
668
378
135
155
91
53
20
18
149
89
30
29
63
40
8
15
42
18
9
16
323
179
67
77
1,013
552
192
269
103
53
17
33
163
84
31
48
35
22
6
7
100
49
19
31
290
162
66
61
67
43
11
12
256
138
41
77
West .....................................
Mountain ..............................
Pacific ..................................
95
17
78
11
2
10
27
6
22
12
2
10
2
42
8
35
172
36
136
23
3
19
26
7
19
4
1
4
16
4
11
54
11
43
7
2
6
43
8
35
Black
( 3)
( 3)
2
1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care
problems, other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training,
civic or military duty, and all other reasons.
2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek
less than 35 hours, and all other reasons.
3 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding.
Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at
work, 1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
Population group and area
Total
Vacation
Child-care
problems1
Own illness
Other reasons2
TOTAL
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
1,126
333
793
633
195
438
103
36
67
230
54
176
160
48
112
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
West North Central ............................................................
1,381
971
409
749
532
217
126
88
38
284
208
76
222
143
79
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
East South Central ............................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
1,882
912
371
599
964
486
174
304
194
93
42
59
381
188
78
115
343
145
77
121
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ............................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
1,165
325
840
596
167
429
136
37
99
218
62
156
215
59
155
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
505
144
361
298
87
210
11
4
7
112
25
88
84
28
56
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
West North Central ............................................................
590
414
176
332
240
92
14
10
4
134
94
40
110
70
40
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
East South Central ............................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
806
389
163
254
423
218
77
127
27
12
8
6
172
86
33
54
184
73
44
67
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ............................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
518
138
380
270
74
195
24
7
17
109
26
83
115
31
85
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
621
189
432
335
108
227
92
32
60
118
30
88
75
19
56
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
West North Central ............................................................
791
557
234
417
292
125
112
78
33
150
114
36
113
73
39
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
East South Central ............................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
1,076
523
208
345
540
268
96
176
167
81
33
53
209
102
45
61
160
73
33
55
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ............................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
647
187
460
326
93
234
113
30
83
109
36
73
99
29
71
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
985
313
671
559
186
373
87
32
55
199
52
148
139
44
95
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
West North Central ............................................................
1,240
862
379
684
479
205
112
77
35
248
179
68
196
126
70
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
East South Central ............................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
1,504
708
293
502
794
391
144
258
150
68
31
50
280
133
53
94
280
116
65
99
Men
Women
White
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at
work, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Population group and area
Total
Vacation
Child-care
problems1
Own illness
Other reasons2
White–Continued
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ............................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
1,008
308
700
522
159
363
115
35
80
184
58
125
188
56
133
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
106
13
93
52
5
47
13
2
11
26
2
24
15
2
12
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
West North Central ............................................................
114
92
22
51
43
8
10
9
2
30
24
5
23
16
7
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
East South Central ............................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
342
188
75
80
149
86
29
35
39
22
10
6
95
53
24
19
58
27
12
19
West ...................................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
53
45
23
19
6
6
15
13
8
7
Northeast ............................................................................
New England .....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ...................................................................
60
9
50
34
5
29
14
3
11
7
6
5
1
4
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central .............................................................
34
27
17
13
9
8
3
3
5
3
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ....................................................................
West South Central ...........................................................
149
47
98
83
27
54
30
10
19
11
3
8
25
7
17
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ............................................................................
Pacific ................................................................................
179
46
133
81
22
60
43
12
31
21
5
16
34
8
26
Black
Hispanic origin
1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family obligations.
2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic or military
duty, and all other reasons.
3 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
( 3)
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason
for unemployment, 1997 annual averages
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and area
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
TOTAL
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
1,405
314
1,091
100.0
100.0
100.0
49.3
50.3
49.0
13.9
14.7
13.7
10.0
11.0
9.7
32.3
32.2
32.3
8.4
6.5
8.9
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
West North Central ..............................................
1,332
977
355
100.0
100.0
100.0
44.5
46.3
39.5
17.5
18.8
14.0
12.3
11.4
14.7
35.7
34.8
38.2
7.5
7.5
7.6
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
2,326
1,108
433
785
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.9
42.1
42.7
41.4
10.7
10.4
13.9
9.4
13.2
13.9
12.5
12.6
35.9
35.9
36.5
35.5
9.0
8.1
8.3
10.5
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
1,673
362
1,312
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.3
40.3
48.0
15.1
13.7
15.4
10.9
14.8
9.8
34.3
39.3
32.9
8.5
5.7
9.3
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
760
178
582
100.0
100.0
100.0
57.5
57.9
57.4
16.3
16.9
16.1
9.5
10.5
9.2
26.1
27.2
25.8
6.9
4.5
7.6
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
West North Central ..............................................
718
520
198
100.0
100.0
100.0
53.0
55.6
46.2
21.8
23.8
16.6
12.8
11.2
16.9
28.1
27.5
29.6
6.2
5.7
7.4
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
1,176
554
212
410
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
49.0
49.2
49.7
48.3
13.4
12.7
18.2
11.8
12.9
13.1
11.1
13.6
29.9
30.1
32.0
28.6
8.2
7.6
7.2
9.4
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
921
193
728
100.0
100.0
100.0
55.1
50.5
56.3
17.9
17.7
18.0
10.6
13.7
9.8
27.3
31.2
26.3
7.0
4.6
7.6
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
645
136
509
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.6
40.4
39.4
11.2
11.9
11.0
10.7
11.7
10.4
39.5
38.7
39.8
10.1
9.2
10.4
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
West North Central ..............................................
614
457
157
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.6
35.8
31.1
12.5
13.1
10.7
11.6
11.5
11.9
44.7
43.2
49.0
9.1
9.5
8.0
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
1,150
554
221
375
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.7
34.9
36.0
33.7
8.0
8.1
9.8
6.9
13.5
14.7
13.8
11.6
42.0
41.8
40.8
43.0
9.8
8.6
9.4
11.7
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
752
169
584
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.6
28.5
37.6
11.5
9.1
12.2
11.3
16.1
9.9
42.8
48.5
41.1
10.4
6.9
11.4
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
235
56
179
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.9
17.3
15.5
3.6
5.0
3.1
6.0
8.6
5.2
45.9
47.0
45.5
32.2
27.2
33.8
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
West North Central ..............................................
287
197
90
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.7
14.7
11.7
4.6
5.4
3.0
8.9
8.7
9.5
50.6
49.9
52.1
26.8
26.7
26.8
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
462
202
89
171
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.9
13.5
15.4
10.7
4.6
5.7
5.6
2.8
8.8
8.0
9.4
9.5
47.0
49.5
44.2
45.5
31.4
29.0
31.0
34.4
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason
for unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and area
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
5.8
5.3
6.0
8.3
13.3
6.4
47.2
52.6
45.1
31.4
21.2
35.4
52.0
52.3
51.9
16.4
16.1
16.5
11.1
11.1
11.1
29.7
30.9
29.2
7.2
5.7
7.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.6
49.4
39.8
20.5
22.4
15.8
13.7
12.8
16.0
33.7
32.2
37.3
6.0
5.7
6.9
1,457
640
265
551
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
43.9
45.1
46.9
41.1
12.3
12.4
17.8
9.7
15.3
16.3
14.4
14.6
33.3
32.1
32.8
35.0
7.5
6.5
6.0
9.3
1,343
315
1,029
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.7
41.0
49.7
16.6
14.6
17.3
11.0
14.8
9.8
33.2
38.7
31.5
8.2
5.5
9.0
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
337
41
297
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.7
40.3
40.7
7.8
7.5
7.8
7.3
12.0
6.6
40.6
37.3
41.0
11.5
10.4
11.7
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
272
226
100.0
100.0
39.3
38.5
7.6
8.4
7.2
7.0
41.9
42.4
11.6
12.2
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
807
442
164
202
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.8
38.4
35.3
42.5
8.1
7.8
7.7
8.9
9.3
10.1
9.6
7.5
40.6
41.6
42.8
36.6
11.3
10.0
12.3
13.4
West .....................................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
143
125
100.0
100.0
41.2
42.4
6.4
6.5
12.8
12.1
38.9
38.6
7.1
6.9
Northeast ..............................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
191
161
100.0
100.0
46.1
46.5
9.8
9.7
7.6
7.4
34.5
34.4
11.8
11.7
Midwest ................................................................
67
100.0
40.3
14.9
10.1
39.7
9.8
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
West South Central .............................................
319
97
218
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.1
44.0
41.1
9.1
8.8
9.3
12.9
12.5
12.6
33.4
30.9
35.0
11.6
12.6
11.2
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
490
79
412
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.0
40.5
53.1
20.4
18.8
20.7
6.9
10.5
6.2
30.7
40.7
28.8
11.4
8.3
12.0
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
287
79
208
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
12.9
13.1
Northeast ..............................................................
New England .......................................................
Middle Atlantic .....................................................
1,011
267
745
100.0
100.0
100.0
Midwest ................................................................
East North Central ...............................................
West North Central ..............................................
1,023
728
296
South ....................................................................
South Atlantic ......................................................
East South Central ..............................................
West South Central .............................................
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued
West .....................................................................
Mountain ..............................................................
Pacific ..................................................................
White
Black
Hispanic origin
1 Formerly called "job losers".
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration
of unemployment, 1997 annual averages
Total unemployed
Population group and area
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
TOTAL
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
1,405
314
1,091
100.0
100.0
100.0
32.1
35.4
31.1
30.9
33.3
30.2
37.1
31.3
38.7
16.4
15.5
16.6
20.7
15.9
22.1
8.9
7.3
9.3
11.8
8.5
12.8
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
West North Central ..................................................
1,332
977
355
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.9
39.5
41.0
32.3
32.3
32.3
27.9
28.3
26.8
14.4
14.8
13.5
13.4
13.5
13.3
6.5
6.0
7.6
7.0
7.5
5.7
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
West South Central .................................................
2,326
1,108
433
785
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.0
39.3
35.7
40.5
32.6
31.7
35.0
32.5
28.3
28.9
29.2
27.0
14.1
14.4
16.0
12.5
14.3
14.5
13.2
14.5
6.3
6.6
6.2
5.8
8.0
7.9
7.0
8.7
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
1,673
362
1,312
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.7
45.3
36.8
30.8
31.6
30.6
30.5
23.1
32.6
14.7
12.4
15.3
15.9
10.7
17.3
7.3
5.5
7.8
8.6
5.2
9.5
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
760
178
582
100.0
100.0
100.0
30.7
31.8
30.4
30.5
32.7
29.8
38.8
35.5
39.8
16.5
17.0
16.3
22.3
18.5
23.5
9.4
8.2
9.7
13.0
10.3
13.7
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
West North Central ..................................................
718
520
198
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.0
39.4
37.9
31.1
30.8
31.9
29.9
29.8
30.2
15.4
15.6
14.9
14.5
14.2
15.2
6.6
5.7
8.8
7.9
8.5
6.4
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
West South Central .................................................
1,176
554
212
410
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.8
39.1
35.1
40.3
32.5
31.7
35.8
31.9
28.7
29.2
29.1
27.7
14.2
14.7
16.6
12.2
14.5
14.5
12.5
15.6
6.2
6.6
5.9
5.8
8.3
7.8
6.6
9.8
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
921
193
728
100.0
100.0
100.0
37.3
44.6
35.3
30.7
31.2
30.6
32.0
24.1
34.1
15.6
13.6
16.2
16.3
10.6
17.9
7.5
5.0
8.2
8.8
5.6
9.7
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
645
136
509
100.0
100.0
100.0
33.7
40.1
32.0
31.3
34.0
30.5
35.0
25.8
37.5
16.3
13.5
17.0
18.7
12.4
20.5
8.3
6.3
8.8
10.5
6.1
11.6
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
West North Central ..................................................
614
457
157
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.9
39.5
44.8
33.6
33.9
32.7
25.5
26.6
22.5
13.3
13.9
11.6
12.2
12.7
10.9
6.3
6.4
6.0
5.9
6.2
4.9
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
West South Central .................................................
1,150
554
221
375
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.3
39.6
36.3
40.6
32.7
31.8
34.3
33.2
28.0
28.7
29.4
26.2
14.0
14.1
15.5
12.9
14.0
14.6
13.9
13.3
6.3
6.6
6.6
5.8
7.7
8.0
7.3
7.5
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
752
169
584
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.4
46.2
38.7
30.9
32.0
30.5
28.7
21.8
30.7
13.5
11.1
14.2
15.3
10.8
16.6
7.0
6.1
7.3
8.2
4.7
9.3
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
235
56
179
100.0
100.0
100.0
43.0
48.3
41.4
34.6
36.1
34.2
22.3
15.6
24.4
13.0
11.1
13.5
9.4
4.6
10.9
4.5
1.7
5.3
4.9
2.9
5.5
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
West North Central ..................................................
287
197
90
100.0
100.0
100.0
49.0
49.5
48.1
32.7
31.4
35.4
18.3
19.1
16.5
10.7
11.3
9.3
7.6
7.8
7.2
4.8
4.8
4.8
2.8
3.0
2.4
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
462
202
89
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.1
49.5
44.6
34.7
31.5
38.5
18.2
19.0
16.9
10.2
10.3
11.6
8.1
8.7
5.2
3.7
4.4
3.1
4.3
4.3
2.1
Men
Women
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration
of unemployment, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Population group and area
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued
West South Central .................................................
171
100.0
45.6
36.4
18.1
9.3
8.8
3.2
5.6
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
287
79
208
100.0
100.0
100.0
48.3
55.2
45.6
33.8
31.6
34.7
17.9
13.2
19.8
10.7
7.9
11.8
7.3
5.3
8.0
3.7
2.7
4.2
3.5
2.6
3.9
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
1,011
267
745
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.3
35.8
33.8
31.8
33.5
31.2
33.9
30.6
35.0
16.1
14.9
16.6
17.7
15.7
18.4
8.4
7.1
8.9
9.3
8.6
9.5
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
West North Central ..................................................
1,023
728
296
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.3
42.1
42.9
32.3
32.3
32.2
25.4
25.6
24.9
13.0
13.6
11.7
12.4
12.1
13.2
6.0
5.5
7.4
6.4
6.6
5.8
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
West South Central .................................................
1,457
640
265
551
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.5
44.4
38.6
42.1
32.5
31.5
36.1
31.8
25.0
24.0
25.4
26.0
12.8
12.6
14.7
12.1
12.2
11.5
10.6
13.9
5.7
5.5
5.3
6.0
6.6
6.0
5.3
7.9
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
1,343
315
1,029
100.0
100.0
100.0
40.0
46.2
38.1
31.0
31.3
30.9
28.9
22.5
30.9
14.2
12.3
14.8
14.7
10.2
16.1
6.9
5.3
7.4
7.8
4.9
8.7
Northeast ..................................................................
New England ...........................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
337
41
297
100.0
100.0
100.0
26.0
32.0
25.2
28.2
31.7
27.7
45.8
36.3
47.1
17.3
20.6
16.8
28.5
15.6
30.2
9.8
8.1
10.0
18.7
7.5
20.2
Midwest ....................................................................
East North Central ...................................................
272
226
100.0
100.0
30.9
31.4
32.7
32.1
36.4
36.5
20.0
19.2
16.4
17.4
8.2
8.1
8.2
9.3
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
East South Central ..................................................
West South Central .................................................
807
442
164
202
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
32.5
31.7
30.3
36.2
32.9
31.9
34.0
34.1
34.6
36.4
35.7
29.7
16.6
17.4
18.1
13.5
18.0
19.0
17.6
16.2
7.5
8.2
7.9
5.7
10.5
10.9
9.7
10.5
West .........................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
143
125
100.0
100.0
32.3
31.6
30.9
30.4
36.8
38.0
16.2
16.9
20.6
21.1
10.4
10.4
10.2
10.7
Northeast ..................................................................
Middle Atlantic .........................................................
191
161
100.0
100.0
30.5
30.7
29.4
27.6
40.1
41.7
16.6
17.1
23.5
24.7
8.9
9.2
14.5
15.4
Midwest ....................................................................
67
100.0
48.2
30.7
21.0
12.0
9.1
3.4
5.6
South ........................................................................
South Atlantic ..........................................................
West South Central .................................................
319
97
218
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.4
39.9
38.8
32.9
31.5
33.4
27.7
28.6
27.9
13.1
14.5
12.8
14.6
14.1
15.0
5.9
5.9
6.0
8.7
8.2
9.1
West .........................................................................
Mountain ..................................................................
Pacific ......................................................................
490
79
412
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.0
39.8
38.9
30.6
32.6
30.2
30.4
27.6
30.9
14.8
14.0
15.0
15.6
13.6
15.9
6.4
7.0
6.2
9.2
6.7
9.7
White
Black
Hispanic origin
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of
rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are
included in both the white and black population groups.
Chart 1. Unemployment rates by state, 1997 annual averages
(U.S. rate = 4.9 percent)
Mountain
WASH.
West
North Central
New England
East
North Central
ORE.
WIS.
S.D.
IDAHO
VT.
Middle
Atlantic
MINN.
CALIF.
MAINE
N.D.
MONT.
N.H.
MASS.
N.Y.
MICH.
R.I.
WYO.
CONN.
IOWA
NEB.
PA.
N.J.
OHIO
NEV.
IND.
ILL.
UTAH
MD.
DEL.
COLO.
KAN.
MO.
W.VA.
KY.
VA.
D.C.
TENN.
ARIZ.
N.C.
OKLA.
N.M.
ARK.
Pacific
MISS.
S.C.
South
Atlantic
ALA.
GA.
LA.
AA_97
TEX.
6.5% or over
East
South Central
FLA.
5.5% - 6.4%
West
South Central
ALASKA
4.5% - 5.4%
3.5% - 4.4%
HAWAII
3.4% or below
Chart 2. Employment-population ratios by State, 1997 annual averages
(U.S. average = 63.8 percent)
Mountain
WASH.
West
North Central
New England
East
North Central
ORE.
WIS.
S.D.
IDAHO
VT.
Middle
Atlantic
MINN.
CALIF.
MAINE
N.D.
MONT.
N.H.
MICH.
WYO.
R.I.
CONN.
IOWA
NEB.
PA.
N.J.
OHIO
NEV.
ILL.
UTAH
COLO.
MASS.
N.Y.
IND.
MD.
DEL.
KAN.
MO.
W.VA.
KY.
VA.
D.C.
TENN.
ARIZ.
N.C.
OKLA.
N.M.
ARK.
Pacific
MISS.
S.C.
ALA.
GA.
LA.
South
Atlantic
TEX.
East
South Central
West
South Central
ALASKA
HAWAII
FLA.
EPOP_98
66.0% or over
62.0% - 65.9%
61.9% or below
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Employment
Unemployment
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Number
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,338
1,605
1,733
283
2,174
1,167
1,007
136
65.1
72.7
58.1
48.1
2,064
1,116
948
111
61.8
69.5
54.7
39.2
110
51
59
25
5.1
4.4
5.9
18.4
4.5
3.6
5.0
14.8
-
5.7
5.1
6.8
22.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,447
1,197
1,250
181
1,616
896
719
92
66.0
74.9
57.6
50.9
1,564
870
694
83
63.9
72.7
55.5
45.7
52
27
26
9
3.2
3.0
3.6
10.1
2.7
2.2
2.7
6.3
-
3.8
3.7
4.4
13.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
859
397
462
536
264
272
62.4
66.5
58.9
478
240
238
55.7
60.4
51.6
58
24
33
10.8
9.2
12.3
9.2
7.1
10.1
-
12.4
11.4
14.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
426
215
211
40
316
172
144
20
74.2
80.4
67.9
50.8
291
157
134
16
68.3
73.0
63.6
40.2
25
16
9
4
7.9
9.2
6.3
20.9
7.1
8.2
5.3
20.4
-
8.6
10.2
7.3
21.4
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
344
177
167
30
264
146
118
16
76.8
82.5
70.8
53.5
246
134
112
13
71.6
76.0
66.9
43.2
18
12
6
3
6.8
7.9
5.5
19.4
6.1
6.9
4.5
17.8
-
7.6
9.0
6.4
20.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
15
7
8
10
5
4
68.3
79.6
58.1
9
5
4
63.1
74.1
53.2
( 2)
( 2)
1
7.6
6.9
8.5
4.1
2.4
3.1
-
11.1
11.5
14.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
8
5
7
4
79.8
90.2
6
4
70.7
80.8
( 2)
1
11.3
10.4
6.3
4.3
-
16.3
16.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,396
1,654
1,742
290
2,166
1,202
964
143
63.8
72.6
55.3
49.3
2,065
1,150
914
122
60.8
69.6
52.5
42.2
101
51
49
21
4.6
4.3
5.1
14.4
4.1
3.5
4.3
11.0
-
5.2
5.0
6.0
17.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,107
1,524
1,583
257
1,977
1,106
871
131
63.6
72.6
55.0
51.0
1,892
1,062
830
114
60.9
69.7
52.5
44.3
85
44
40
17
4.3
4.0
4.6
13.1
3.7
3.3
3.8
9.7
-
4.9
4.7
5.5
16.5
Black ..............................................................................
124
83
67.0
76
61.1
7
8.7
5.4
-
12.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
851
438
413
552
344
208
64.9
78.5
50.4
524
328
196
61.6
75.0
47.3
28
16
13
5.1
4.5
6.1
3.8
2.9
3.9
-
6.4
6.1
8.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,918
914
1,004
152
1,211
639
572
76
63.1
69.9
56.9
49.7
1,147
603
544
61
59.8
65.9
54.2
40.3
64
37
28
14
5.3
5.7
4.8
18.9
4.7
4.8
3.9
14.7
-
5.9
6.6
5.7
23.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,583
764
819
117
1,016
548
468
62
64.2
71.7
57.1
52.8
977
525
451
53
61.7
68.7
55.1
45.1
39
23
16
9
3.8
4.1
3.5
14.5
3.2
3.3
2.7
10.3
-
4.4
5.0
4.3
18.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
306
140
166
174
83
91
56.9
59.6
54.7
150
70
81
49.2
49.9
48.6
24
14
10
13.7
16.4
11.2
11.2
12.8
7.9
-
16.2
20.0
14.5
State and population group
Percent of
population
Number
Percent of
population
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Employment
Unemployment
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Number
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
24,110
11,844
12,266
1,773
15,972
8,911
7,061
737
66.2
75.2
57.6
41.6
14,966
8,355
6,611
585
62.1
70.5
53.9
33.0
1,006
556
450
152
6.3
6.2
6.4
20.6
6.0
5.9
6.0
18.6
-
6.6
6.6
6.8
22.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
19,370
9,578
9,791
1,360
12,966
7,335
5,631
616
66.9
76.6
57.5
45.3
12,188
6,907
5,281
495
62.9
72.1
53.9
36.4
778
428
351
121
6.0
5.8
6.2
19.7
5.7
5.4
5.8
17.5
-
6.3
6.2
6.7
21.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,573
760
814
980
507
473
62.3
66.7
58.1
864
441
423
54.9
58.0
52.0
116
66
50
11.8
13.0
10.6
10.5
11.1
8.7
-
13.2
15.0
12.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
6,311
3,242
3,069
652
4,380
2,666
1,714
267
69.4
82.2
55.8
41.0
3,990
2,444
1,546
198
63.2
75.4
50.4
30.3
390
223
167
69
8.9
8.4
9.8
26.0
8.3
7.6
8.8
22.5
-
9.5
9.1
10.7
29.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,964
1,480
1,484
207
2,158
1,167
991
127
72.8
78.8
66.8
61.3
2,088
1,129
959
109
70.4
76.3
64.6
52.7
70
38
33
18
3.3
3.2
3.3
14.1
2.8
2.6
2.6
11.2
-
3.7
3.9
4.0
17.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,761
1,383
1,378
187
2,015
1,093
922
116
73.0
79.0
66.9
62.1
1,952
1,060
892
101
70.7
76.7
64.7
54.2
62
33
29
15
3.1
3.0
3.2
12.8
2.6
2.4
2.5
9.8
-
3.6
3.6
3.9
15.8
Black ..............................................................................
100
73
73.0
68
68.0
5
6.9
3.8
-
10.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
391
197
194
277
156
121
70.9
79.3
62.4
264
150
114
67.6
76.2
58.9
13
6
7
4.6
3.9
5.6
3.2
2.2
3.4
-
6.0
5.6
7.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,523
1,200
1,323
178
1,723
887
836
104
68.3
73.9
63.2
58.1
1,635
835
800
88
64.8
69.6
60.5
49.5
88
52
36
15
5.1
5.9
4.3
14.9
4.4
4.9
3.4
11.2
-
5.8
6.8
5.2
18.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,195
1,054
1,142
148
1,491
784
707
90
67.9
74.4
61.9
60.7
1,426
744
682
78
64.9
70.6
59.7
52.8
65
40
25
12
4.4
5.1
3.5
13.1
3.7
4.2
2.7
9.2
-
5.0
6.1
4.4
16.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
292
126
167
207
86
121
70.9
68.8
72.5
185
76
110
63.3
60.1
65.8
22
11
11
10.6
12.6
9.2
8.2
8.7
6.2
-
13.0
16.5
12.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
174
82
91
118
60
58
68.0
73.2
63.2
101
50
51
58.1
60.5
56.0
17
10
7
14.5
17.4
11.4
10.8
12.0
6.6
-
18.1
22.8
16.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
564
270
294
45
380
195
185
22
67.3
72.2
62.8
50.0
364
186
178
19
64.6
69.0
60.5
42.5
15
9
7
3
4.0
4.4
3.6
15.1
3.5
3.6
2.8
11.2
-
4.6
5.3
4.4
19.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
438
212
226
288
152
136
65.7
71.5
60.2
278
147
131
63.5
69.2
58.1
10
5
5
3.3
3.1
3.6
2.7
2.3
2.7
-
3.9
3.9
4.4
State and population group
Percent of
population
Number
Percent of
population
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Delaware–Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
32
17
53.2
15
47.5
2
10.7
6.7
-
14.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
112
51
61
82
38
44
73.2
75.0
71.8
76
34
42
68.3
67.8
68.8
5
4
2
6.7
9.5
4.2
5.2
6.9
2.6
-
8.2
12.1
5.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
416
189
227
21
257
126
131
6
61.8
66.5
57.8
30.3
237
117
120
4
56.9
61.7
52.8
17.5
20
9
11
3
7.9
7.2
8.6
42.4
7.1
6.1
7.4
36.8
-
8.7
8.3
9.8
47.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
132
66
66
102
54
47
77.0
82.3
71.8
99
53
46
74.8
80.1
69.5
3
1
1
2.9
2.7
3.1
2.1
1.6
1.9
-
3.7
3.7
4.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
277
121
156
17
150
70
80
5
54.3
57.9
51.6
28.9
133
63
71
3
48.2
51.7
45.4
14.9
17
8
10
2
11.4
10.7
11.9
48.5
10.1
9.0
10.2
41.0
-
12.6
12.5
13.6
56.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
23
12
11
17
10
8
76.0
81.0
70.2
16
9
7
69.3
73.7
64.3
2
1
1
8.8
9.0
8.5
5.6
4.7
3.7
-
12.0
13.4
13.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
11,404
5,456
5,948
687
7,106
3,811
3,295
351
62.3
69.8
55.4
51.1
6,768
3,632
3,136
302
59.3
66.6
52.7
43.9
338
178
160
49
4.8
4.7
4.8
13.9
4.5
4.3
4.4
12.0
-
5.1
5.1
5.3
15.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
9,736
4,669
5,067
535
5,961
3,231
2,730
287
61.2
69.2
53.9
53.6
5,723
3,107
2,617
254
58.8
66.5
51.6
47.5
237
124
113
33
4.0
3.8
4.1
11.4
3.7
3.4
3.7
9.4
-
4.3
4.2
4.6
13.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,441
677
764
137
987
491
496
59
68.5
72.5
65.0
43.0
894
441
453
44
62.1
65.2
59.3
32.0
93
50
44
15
9.4
10.1
8.8
25.4
8.4
8.6
7.4
20.2
-
10.5
11.6
10.2
30.7
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,828
901
927
114
1,219
698
521
52
66.7
77.5
56.2
45.7
1,146
662
483
45
62.7
73.5
52.1
39.9
73
35
38
7
6.0
5.1
7.2
12.7
5.2
4.1
5.9
7.7
-
6.8
6.0
8.5
17.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
5,637
2,663
2,974
467
3,907
2,074
1,833
247
69.3
77.9
61.6
52.9
3,730
1,990
1,740
204
66.2
74.7
58.5
43.8
177
85
93
43
4.5
4.1
5.1
17.3
4.0
3.4
4.3
14.0
-
5.0
4.7
5.8
20.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,871
1,878
1,992
279
2,693
1,488
1,205
165
69.6
79.2
60.5
59.0
2,615
1,447
1,167
147
67.5
77.1
58.6
52.8
79
41
38
17
2.9
2.7
3.2
10.5
2.4
2.1
2.4
7.0
-
3.4
3.4
3.9
13.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,681
745
936
177
1,154
553
600
77
68.6
74.3
64.2
43.2
1,058
511
547
52
62.9
68.6
58.5
29.6
96
42
53
24
8.3
7.7
8.9
31.5
7.2
6.1
7.3
29.5
-
9.5
9.3
10.5
33.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
108
80
74.5
77
71.3
3
4.3
1.1
-
7.6
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Hawaii
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
873
413
460
55
592
300
292
26
67.8
72.8
63.4
46.9
554
279
275
21
63.5
67.5
59.9
38.0
38
22
16
5
6.4
7.2
5.6
19.0
5.7
6.1
4.6
13.8
-
7.1
8.3
6.5
24.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
251
125
126
169
93
76
67.2
74.0
60.4
158
87
71
62.9
69.3
56.6
11
6
5
6.4
6.4
6.4
5.0
4.5
4.4
-
7.7
8.2
8.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
24
15
63.7
14
58.5
1
8.1
3.3
-
13.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
898
448
450
88
634
349
285
54
70.6
77.8
63.3
62.2
600
330
269
47
66.8
73.8
59.8
53.9
34
18
16
7
5.3
5.2
5.5
13.3
4.7
4.4
4.6
10.5
-
5.9
6.0
6.4
16.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
876
437
439
86
619
341
279
54
70.7
78.0
63.5
62.5
587
323
264
46
67.0
74.0
60.0
54.1
33
17
15
7
5.3
5.1
5.4
13.3
4.7
4.3
4.6
10.5
-
5.8
5.9
6.3
16.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
61
34
27
43
28
15
71.3
83.7
55.6
39
26
13
64.2
75.4
50.1
4
3
1
9.9
9.9
10.0
7.1
6.3
5.1
-
12.8
13.4
14.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
8,943
4,299
4,644
716
6,130
3,310
2,820
388
68.5
77.0
60.7
54.2
5,842
3,149
2,692
333
65.3
73.2
58.0
46.5
288
161
128
55
4.7
4.8
4.5
14.1
4.4
4.4
4.0
12.1
-
5.0
5.3
5.0
16.2
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
7,371
3,597
3,774
557
5,126
2,835
2,291
330
69.5
78.8
60.7
59.2
4,943
2,727
2,216
293
67.1
75.8
58.7
52.7
183
108
75
36
3.6
3.8
3.3
11.0
3.2
3.4
2.8
9.0
-
3.9
4.3
3.8
13.1
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,292
570
722
134
806
371
435
50
62.4
65.0
60.3
37.3
712
323
390
32
55.1
56.6
54.0
23.9
94
48
46
18
11.6
13.0
10.5
36.1
10.4
11.0
8.8
29.8
-
12.9
14.9
12.1
42.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
733
408
325
525
349
176
71.7
85.7
54.1
495
330
164
67.5
81.0
50.6
31
19
11
5.8
5.5
6.4
4.6
4.1
4.3
-
7.0
6.9
8.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
4,467
2,144
2,323
331
3,094
1,673
1,421
190
69.3
78.0
61.2
57.4
2,985
1,614
1,371
170
66.8
75.3
59.0
51.3
109
59
50
20
3.5
3.5
3.5
10.7
3.0
2.9
2.8
7.7
-
4.0
4.2
4.2
13.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,100
1,972
2,128
299
2,856
1,557
1,299
179
69.7
79.0
61.0
60.0
2,768
1,510
1,258
162
67.5
76.6
59.1
54.0
88
47
41
18
3.1
3.0
3.1
9.9
2.6
2.4
2.4
6.9
-
3.5
3.6
3.8
12.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
320
148
172
211
102
109
66.0
68.8
63.6
191
90
100
59.6
61.0
58.5
20
12
9
9.7
11.3
8.1
7.0
7.3
4.6
-
12.4
15.4
11.6
2,170
1,577
72.7
1,526
70.3
51
3.3
2.8
-
3.7
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Total ................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Iowa–Continued
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,048
1,122
153
824
753
108
78.6
67.2
70.7
795
731
94
75.9
65.1
61.7
29
23
14
3.5
3.0
12.7
2.8
2.3
9.5
-
4.2
3.7
15.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,083
1,005
1,078
145
1,512
789
722
103
72.5
78.5
67.0
70.8
1,465
762
702
90
70.3
75.8
65.1
62.4
47
27
20
12
3.1
3.4
2.7
11.9
2.6
2.7
2.1
8.7
-
3.6
4.1
3.4
15.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,938
935
1,003
172
1,366
726
640
110
70.5
77.6
63.9
63.8
1,315
701
613
95
67.8
75.0
61.2
55.1
52
25
27
15
3.8
3.4
4.2
13.5
3.3
2.7
3.4
10.6
-
4.3
4.1
5.0
16.4
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,753
851
902
150
1,237
663
574
99
70.6
77.9
63.7
65.7
1,196
641
555
87
68.3
75.4
61.5
58.1
41
22
19
11
3.3
3.2
3.4
11.6
2.8
2.6
2.6
8.7
-
3.8
3.9
4.1
14.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
121
54
67
85
41
43
69.6
76.6
63.9
76
39
38
62.7
71.3
55.9
8
3
5
9.8
7.0
12.6
6.6
3.0
7.7
-
13.1
11.0
17.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
80
47
57
40
71.1
84.9
54
38
66.9
81.7
3
2
5.9
3.8
2.9
.8
-
8.9
6.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,019
1,430
1,589
236
1,928
1,011
917
126
63.9
70.7
57.7
53.3
1,824
964
860
103
60.4
67.4
54.1
43.5
104
47
57
23
5.4
4.6
6.2
18.4
4.8
3.8
5.3
15.3
-
6.0
5.4
7.2
21.5
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,773
1,319
1,454
211
1,765
931
834
115
63.6
70.6
57.4
54.5
1,674
888
786
93
60.4
67.3
54.0
44.2
91
43
48
22
5.2
4.6
5.8
18.9
4.5
3.8
4.8
15.7
-
5.8
5.4
6.7
22.2
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
224
101
124
147
71
76
65.5
70.2
61.7
134
67
67
59.8
66.3
54.5
13
4
9
8.8
5.7
11.7
6.1
2.4
7.7
-
11.5
8.9
15.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,259
1,534
1,725
297
2,024
1,067
957
114
62.1
69.5
55.5
38.4
1,900
1,009
891
92
58.3
65.8
51.7
30.9
124
58
66
22
6.1
5.4
6.9
19.5
5.5
4.6
5.9
15.6
-
6.8
6.3
7.8
23.4
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,257
1,108
1,149
176
1,427
798
630
78
63.2
72.0
54.8
44.4
1,371
769
602
69
60.7
69.4
52.4
39.1
56
29
28
9
4.0
3.6
4.4
12.1
3.3
2.8
3.4
7.9
-
4.6
4.4
5.4
16.3
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
948
402
547
116
561
251
310
36
59.2
62.5
56.8
30.8
497
222
275
23
52.4
55.4
50.2
19.8
64
29
36
13
11.5
11.4
11.5
35.7
10.0
9.2
9.5
29.7
-
12.9
13.6
13.5
41.7
972
474
498
70
659
349
310
41
67.8
73.5
62.3
58.4
623
329
294
35
64.1
69.3
59.1
49.6
36
20
16
6
5.4
5.7
5.0
15.0
4.7
4.8
4.1
11.3
-
6.1
6.6
6.0
18.8
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Maine–Continued
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
959
469
490
68
650
345
305
40
67.7
73.6
62.1
58.5
615
325
290
34
64.1
69.3
59.1
50.1
35
20
15
6
5.3
5.7
4.9
14.4
4.7
4.8
4.0
10.7
-
6.0
6.7
5.8
18.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,913
1,876
2,037
247
2,789
1,445
1,345
132
71.3
77.0
66.0
53.6
2,648
1,370
1,277
108
67.7
73.1
62.7
43.7
142
74
67
25
5.1
5.1
5.0
18.5
4.5
4.3
4.2
14.2
-
5.7
6.0
5.9
22.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,839
1,377
1,462
166
2,001
1,073
928
97
70.5
77.9
63.5
58.5
1,931
1,037
894
85
68.0
75.3
61.2
51.6
70
36
34
12
3.5
3.3
3.7
11.9
2.9
2.5
2.8
7.5
-
4.1
4.1
4.6
16.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
942
438
505
687
323
365
73.0
73.8
72.2
618
285
333
65.6
65.1
66.1
69
38
31
10.0
11.7
8.6
8.5
9.3
6.6
-
11.6
14.1
10.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
148
123
83.5
119
80.8
4
3.3
1.1
-
5.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
4,726
2,267
2,459
307
3,260
1,712
1,548
183
69.0
75.5
62.9
59.6
3,129
1,637
1,493
160
66.2
72.2
60.7
52.1
131
75
56
23
4.0
4.4
3.6
12.6
3.6
3.8
3.1
10.2
-
4.4
4.9
4.1
15.1
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,359
2,086
2,272
277
3,019
1,582
1,438
174
69.3
75.8
63.3
62.8
2,908
1,520
1,388
155
66.7
72.8
61.1
55.9
112
62
50
19
3.7
3.9
3.5
11.0
3.3
3.4
2.9
8.6
-
4.1
4.4
4.0
13.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
234
109
124
150
74
77
64.3
67.3
61.7
135
63
73
57.9
57.4
58.4
15
11
4
10.0
14.8
5.4
7.5
10.7
2.7
-
12.5
18.9
8.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
200
86
115
126
63
63
62.9
73.3
55.2
117
58
59
58.5
67.5
51.7
9
5
4
7.1
7.9
6.2
4.7
4.4
3.0
-
9.5
11.5
9.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
7,464
3,575
3,889
579
4,986
2,666
2,320
357
66.8
74.6
59.6
61.6
4,776
2,555
2,221
314
64.0
71.5
57.1
54.3
210
111
99
42
4.2
4.2
4.3
11.9
3.9
3.7
3.8
10.0
-
4.5
4.6
4.8
13.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
6,379
3,093
3,286
480
4,310
2,348
1,962
312
67.6
75.9
59.7
64.9
4,152
2,261
1,891
281
65.1
73.1
57.6
58.5
158
87
71
31
3.7
3.7
3.6
9.8
3.3
3.2
3.1
8.0
-
4.0
4.2
4.1
11.7
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
913
393
519
554
245
308
60.7
62.3
59.4
506
223
283
55.4
56.8
54.4
48
22
26
8.6
8.9
8.4
7.3
6.9
6.6
-
9.9
10.9
10.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
186
98
88
130
76
55
70.0
77.0
62.2
123
72
51
66.0
73.4
57.7
7
4
4
5.7
4.6
7.3
3.4
1.9
3.3
-
8.0
7.4
11.2
3,523
2,625
74.5
2,539
72.1
86
3.3
2.8
-
3.7
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Total ................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Employment
Unemployment
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Number
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,752
1,771
304
1,421
1,203
214
81.1
67.9
70.4
1,368
1,171
191
78.1
66.1
63.1
53
33
22
3.7
2.7
10.4
3.1
2.1
7.9
-
4.4
3.3
13.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,336
1,661
1,674
279
2,493
1,353
1,140
201
74.7
81.4
68.1
72.1
2,420
1,309
1,112
182
72.5
78.8
66.4
65.2
73
44
28
19
2.9
3.3
2.5
9.6
2.5
2.6
1.9
7.0
-
3.4
3.9
3.1
12.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,042
966
1,076
175
1,265
664
601
64
62.0
68.7
55.9
36.8
1,193
633
560
52
58.4
65.5
52.1
29.9
73
31
41
12
5.7
4.7
6.9
18.8
5.1
3.9
5.9
14.6
-
6.4
5.5
7.9
22.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,305
636
670
85
820
455
365
39
62.8
71.6
54.5
45.5
797
445
353
35
61.1
69.9
52.6
41.3
23
11
12
3
2.8
2.3
3.3
9.1
2.2
1.6
2.4
4.7
-
3.4
3.0
4.3
13.4
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
710
318
393
430
200
230
60.5
62.9
58.6
381
180
201
53.6
56.6
51.2
49
20
29
11.4
10.0
12.5
9.9
8.0
10.5
-
12.8
12.0
14.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
4,073
1,932
2,141
289
2,888
1,495
1,392
175
70.9
77.4
65.0
60.5
2,765
1,427
1,339
147
67.9
73.9
62.5
50.8
122
69
54
28
4.2
4.6
3.9
16.1
3.7
3.8
3.1
12.9
-
4.8
5.4
4.6
19.2
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,619
1,724
1,895
251
2,599
1,357
1,242
155
71.8
78.7
65.5
61.7
2,502
1,302
1,200
133
69.1
75.5
63.4
53.0
97
55
42
22
3.7
4.1
3.4
14.2
3.2
3.3
2.6
10.9
-
4.3
4.8
4.1
17.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
403
185
217
254
120
133
63.0
64.9
61.4
230
108
123
57.1
58.0
56.4
24
13
11
9.3
10.6
8.1
6.9
6.9
5.0
-
11.7
14.3
11.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
675
333
342
55
454
242
212
28
67.3
72.8
61.9
51.1
430
228
202
23
63.6
68.4
59.0
42.3
24
15
10
5
5.4
6.0
4.6
17.3
4.7
5.1
3.8
13.7
-
6.0
6.9
5.4
20.8
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
627
309
318
50
426
227
199
26
68.0
73.6
62.6
52.8
406
215
191
22
64.8
69.6
60.0
44.4
20
12
8
4
4.8
5.4
4.1
15.9
4.2
4.5
3.3
12.3
-
5.4
6.2
4.9
19.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,236
600
636
104
906
485
421
68
73.3
80.8
66.3
65.7
883
472
410
62
71.4
78.7
64.5
59.6
24
13
11
6
2.6
2.6
2.6
9.3
2.2
2.0
2.0
6.6
-
3.0
3.2
3.3
11.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,164
566
598
95
854
460
395
64
73.4
81.2
66.0
67.2
834
449
385
58
71.7
79.3
64.4
61.3
20
11
10
6
2.4
2.3
2.4
8.7
2.0
1.8
1.8
6.0
-
2.8
2.9
3.0
11.5
State and population group
Percent of
population
Number
Percent of
population
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Minnesota–Continued
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Nevada
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,271
636
635
97
883
491
392
54
69.5
77.1
61.9
55.8
847
471
376
49
66.6
74.0
59.3
50.7
36
20
16
5
4.1
4.1
4.2
9.2
3.6
3.3
3.4
6.2
-
4.6
4.8
5.0
12.1
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,116
559
557
83
777
433
344
47
69.7
77.5
61.8
57.2
749
417
331
44
67.1
74.7
59.5
52.7
29
16
13
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
7.8
3.2
3.0
2.9
4.8
-
4.2
4.4
4.5
10.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
81
40
41
52
28
24
63.9
69.7
58.2
48
26
22
58.4
63.9
53.2
4
2
2
8.5
8.3
8.7
5.6
4.4
4.4
-
11.4
12.2
13.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
141
82
59
113
76
37
80.4
92.4
63.6
107
72
35
76.2
87.7
60.2
6
4
2
5.1
5.0
5.3
3.5
3.1
2.5
-
6.7
7.0
8.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
898
441
457
60
645
348
297
36
71.8
79.0
64.9
61.1
625
338
287
32
69.6
76.6
62.7
54.1
20
10
10
4
3.1
3.0
3.3
11.5
2.6
2.3
2.5
7.8
-
3.6
3.6
4.1
15.2
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
874
428
446
56
626
339
287
35
71.6
79.2
64.3
62.4
606
329
277
31
69.4
76.9
62.2
55.4
20
10
10
4
3.1
2.9
3.4
11.3
2.6
2.2
2.6
7.6
-
3.7
3.6
4.2
15.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
6,191
2,927
3,264
429
4,194
2,245
1,948
203
67.7
76.7
59.7
47.3
3,978
2,129
1,849
173
64.3
72.7
56.6
40.2
215
116
99
31
5.1
5.2
5.1
15.0
4.8
4.7
4.5
12.4
-
5.5
5.7
5.6
17.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
5,065
2,399
2,667
346
3,414
1,847
1,567
176
67.4
77.0
58.8
50.8
3,262
1,761
1,501
153
64.4
73.4
56.3
44.2
152
85
66
23
4.4
4.6
4.2
13.0
4.0
4.1
3.7
10.4
-
4.8
5.2
4.8
15.7
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
838
378
459
578
275
302
69.0
72.8
65.8
523
252
271
62.5
66.6
59.0
55
23
31
9.4
8.5
10.3
8.2
6.7
8.5
-
10.7
10.3
12.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
656
315
341
80
460
254
206
37
70.2
80.8
60.4
46.6
420
233
187
29
64.0
74.1
54.8
36.0
40
21
19
8
8.7
8.4
9.2
22.7
7.3
6.5
7.1
15.5
-
10.2
10.2
11.4
30.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,291
632
659
105
820
448
373
48
63.6
70.9
56.5
45.3
769
420
349
37
59.6
66.5
53.0
35.1
51
28
23
11
6.2
6.2
6.3
22.4
5.6
5.3
5.3
18.5
-
6.9
7.1
7.3
26.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,142
564
578
88
736
405
332
43
64.4
71.7
57.4
49.0
692
381
311
34
60.6
67.6
53.7
38.2
44
23
21
10
6.0
5.8
6.3
22.1
5.3
4.9
5.3
18.0
-
6.7
6.7
7.3
26.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
477
240
237
49
308
176
132
24
64.5
73.3
55.7
48.5
284
161
122
19
59.5
67.3
51.6
38.9
24
14
10
5
7.8
8.2
7.4
19.9
6.6
6.6
5.6
14.5
-
9.0
9.7
9.1
25.4
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Civilian labor force
Employment
Unemployment
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Number
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
13,949
6,565
7,384
1,052
8,807
4,712
4,095
413
63.1
71.8
55.5
39.2
8,243
4,416
3,827
325
59.1
67.3
51.8
30.9
564
296
268
88
6.4
6.3
6.6
21.3
6.1
5.9
6.1
19.5
-
6.7
6.7
7.0
23.2
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
10,807
5,125
5,682
742
6,898
3,748
3,150
327
63.8
73.1
55.4
44.1
6,550
3,560
2,990
268
60.6
69.5
52.6
36.2
348
188
160
59
5.0
5.0
5.1
18.0
4.7
4.6
4.6
15.9
-
5.4
5.4
5.5
20.0
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,343
1,043
1,300
250
1,384
662
721
70
59.1
63.5
55.5
27.9
1,199
576
623
43
51.2
55.2
47.9
17.2
185
87
98
27
13.4
13.1
13.7
38.4
12.4
11.7
12.4
34.6
-
14.3
14.4
15.0
42.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,966
939
1,027
195
1,152
676
476
65
58.6
72.0
46.4
33.1
1,044
624
420
47
53.1
66.5
40.9
24.1
108
52
56
18
9.4
7.6
11.8
27.2
8.4
6.5
10.2
21.9
-
10.3
8.8
13.3
32.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
5,605
2,700
2,905
405
3,844
2,045
1,799
228
68.6
75.8
61.9
56.4
3,705
1,976
1,729
199
66.1
73.2
59.5
49.1
139
70
69
29
3.6
3.4
3.9
12.8
3.2
2.9
3.3
10.4
-
4.0
3.9
4.4
15.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,264
2,099
2,165
285
2,943
1,612
1,331
170
69.0
76.8
61.5
59.5
2,862
1,566
1,297
155
67.1
74.6
59.9
54.4
81
46
35
15
2.8
2.9
2.6
8.6
2.4
2.4
2.1
6.1
-
3.1
3.4
3.2
11.1
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,139
505
633
770
363
406
67.6
71.9
64.1
717
342
375
63.0
67.6
59.2
53
22
31
6.8
6.0
7.6
5.8
4.6
6.2
-
7.8
7.3
9.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
139
92
108
85
77.5
92.6
101
79
72.4
86.2
7
6
6.6
6.9
4.0
3.9
-
9.2
9.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
479
234
245
43
348
184
164
28
72.6
78.4
67.0
64.1
339
179
160
26
70.7
76.4
65.3
59.6
9
5
4
2
2.5
2.6
2.5
7.1
2.1
2.0
1.9
4.9
-
3.0
3.2
3.1
9.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
461
226
235
40
335
178
158
26
72.7
78.6
67.1
65.9
327
173
154
25
71.0
76.7
65.5
61.6
8
4
4
2
2.4
2.4
2.3
6.6
2.0
1.9
1.8
4.3
-
2.8
3.0
2.9
8.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
8,544
4,102
4,442
639
5,710
3,036
2,674
366
66.8
74.0
60.2
57.3
5,448
2,904
2,544
308
63.8
70.8
57.3
48.3
262
133
130
58
4.6
4.4
4.8
15.8
4.2
3.9
4.3
13.9
-
4.9
4.8
5.4
17.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
7,535
3,632
3,904
544
5,067
2,726
2,342
329
67.2
75.1
60.0
60.4
4,855
2,615
2,239
283
64.4
72.0
57.4
52.0
213
110
102
46
4.2
4.1
4.4
13.9
3.8
3.6
3.8
11.9
-
4.5
4.5
4.9
15.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
883
405
478
552
256
296
62.5
63.2
62.0
506
235
271
57.3
58.1
56.6
46
20
26
8.3
8.0
8.6
7.0
6.0
6.8
-
9.7
9.9
10.5
State and population group
Percent of
population
Number
Percent of
population
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Ohio–Continued
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
111
59
80
49
72.1
82.2
74
44
66.9
74.2
6
5
7.2
9.8
3.7
4.8
-
10.6
14.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,492
1,177
1,315
191
1,600
861
738
97
64.2
73.2
56.2
50.9
1,534
830
704
83
61.6
70.5
53.5
43.7
66
31
35
14
4.1
3.6
4.7
14.2
3.6
3.0
3.8
10.6
-
4.7
4.3
5.5
17.8
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,084
990
1,094
151
1,346
736
610
82
64.6
74.3
55.8
54.3
1,301
713
589
72
62.4
72.0
53.8
47.8
45
23
21
10
3.3
3.2
3.5
12.0
2.8
2.5
2.7
8.3
-
3.9
3.9
4.3
15.8
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
186
78
108
119
49
70
63.7
62.4
64.6
108
46
63
58.1
58.2
58.1
10
3
7
8.8
6.8
10.1
6.2
3.3
6.7
-
11.3
10.3
13.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,525
1,255
1,270
183
1,732
959
773
105
68.6
76.4
60.9
57.4
1,631
902
729
87
64.6
71.9
57.4
47.6
101
57
44
18
5.8
5.9
5.7
17.2
5.2
5.1
4.8
13.3
-
6.5
6.8
6.7
21.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,363
1,176
1,187
167
1,618
897
721
97
68.5
76.3
60.8
58.0
1,525
845
680
80
64.6
71.9
57.3
47.9
93
52
41
17
5.7
5.8
5.7
17.4
5.1
4.9
4.7
13.4
-
6.4
6.6
6.7
21.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
172
103
69
132
91
41
76.6
88.9
58.4
121
84
37
70.1
81.6
53.1
11
7
4
8.5
8.2
9.1
5.0
4.1
2.8
-
11.9
12.2
15.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
9,283
4,347
4,936
671
5,984
3,176
2,808
363
64.5
73.1
56.9
54.1
5,673
3,006
2,667
302
61.1
69.2
54.0
45.1
311
170
141
61
5.2
5.3
5.0
16.7
4.8
4.9
4.5
14.5
-
5.6
5.8
5.5
19.0
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
8,252
3,920
4,332
573
5,399
2,900
2,499
331
65.4
74.0
57.7
57.8
5,154
2,763
2,391
284
62.5
70.5
55.2
49.6
245
137
108
47
4.5
4.7
4.3
14.3
4.2
4.2
3.8
12.0
-
4.9
5.2
4.8
16.5
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
847
348
499
473
220
253
55.8
63.1
50.8
416
190
225
49.1
54.7
45.2
57
29
28
12.1
13.4
10.9
10.4
10.8
8.7
-
13.8
16.0
13.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
195
101
94
124
77
47
63.7
76.3
50.2
111
69
42
56.8
67.9
44.9
13
8
5
10.8
11.0
10.4
7.6
6.9
5.3
-
14.0
15.1
15.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
754
351
403
48
505
261
245
31
67.0
74.3
60.6
63.6
478
247
231
27
63.4
70.4
57.4
55.1
27
14
13
4
5.3
5.2
5.4
13.3
4.6
4.3
4.4
9.5
-
6.0
6.1
6.3
17.1
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
706
328
379
43
471
242
228
28
66.6
73.9
60.3
64.8
447
230
217
25
63.3
70.3
57.3
57.9
23
12
11
3
5.0
5.0
5.0
10.7
4.3
4.0
4.0
7.0
-
5.6
5.9
5.9
14.4
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Rhode Island–Continued
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
38
18
20
27
15
13
72.5
80.7
64.9
24
14
11
64.6
74.0
55.8
3
1
2
11.0
8.4
14.0
7.2
3.8
7.9
-
14.7
13.0
20.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
42
19
27
15
65.0
78.6
24
14
57.2
73.8
3
1
12.0
6.2
8.0
2.2
-
16.0
10.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
2,870
1,340
1,530
243
1,913
1,001
912
111
66.6
74.7
59.6
45.6
1,826
967
860
90
63.6
72.1
56.2
37.1
86
34
52
21
4.5
3.4
5.7
18.7
3.9
2.7
4.8
14.6
-
5.1
4.1
6.7
22.8
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
2,056
994
1,062
157
1,386
758
628
76
67.4
76.3
59.2
48.1
1,346
738
608
66
65.5
74.3
57.2
41.8
40
19
20
10
2.9
2.6
3.2
13.1
2.3
1.8
2.4
8.7
-
3.4
3.3
4.1
17.6
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
791
338
453
509
237
272
64.4
70.1
60.2
465
222
242
58.7
65.7
53.5
45
15
30
8.8
6.2
11.0
7.3
4.3
8.9
-
10.2
8.0
13.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
550
264
286
51
393
205
187
33
71.4
77.9
65.4
65.6
381
199
181
31
69.2
75.7
63.2
60.1
12
6
6
3
3.1
2.9
3.3
8.3
2.6
2.3
2.6
6.0
-
3.5
3.5
4.0
10.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
515
249
267
45
371
195
175
31
71.9
78.5
65.8
69.2
361
190
170
28
70.0
76.5
63.9
63.7
10
5
5
2
2.7
2.5
2.9
8.0
2.3
2.0
2.3
5.6
-
3.2
3.1
3.6
10.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
4,159
1,982
2,177
297
2,708
1,422
1,286
162
65.1
71.7
59.1
54.5
2,562
1,339
1,223
133
61.6
67.6
56.2
44.7
146
83
63
29
5.4
5.8
4.9
18.0
4.8
5.0
4.1
14.2
-
6.0
6.7
5.8
21.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,384
1,637
1,746
223
2,158
1,163
995
119
63.8
71.0
57.0
53.3
2,058
1,106
952
104
60.8
67.5
54.5
46.7
99
57
42
15
4.6
4.9
4.2
12.3
4.0
4.0
3.3
8.4
-
5.2
5.8
5.1
16.2
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
741
325
416
524
241
283
70.7
74.1
68.0
479
217
262
64.7
66.8
63.1
44
24
20
8.5
9.9
7.2
6.8
7.4
5.1
-
10.1
12.4
9.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
14,339
6,957
7,382
1,239
9,881
5,448
4,433
573
68.9
78.3
60.1
46.3
9,350
5,164
4,186
453
65.2
74.2
56.7
36.6
531
284
248
120
5.4
5.2
5.6
21.0
5.1
4.8
5.1
19.2
-
5.7
5.6
6.1
22.7
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
12,224
6,022
6,201
1,022
8,388
4,740
3,648
483
68.6
78.7
58.8
47.2
7,977
4,514
3,463
390
65.3
75.0
55.8
38.2
411
226
185
92
4.9
4.8
5.1
19.1
4.6
4.3
4.6
17.2
-
5.2
5.2
5.6
21.1
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,607
689
919
1,141
510
630
71.0
74.1
68.6
1,037
462
575
64.5
67.1
62.6
104
48
55
9.1
9.4
8.8
8.0
7.9
7.4
-
10.1
11.0
10.2
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Texas–Continued
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
179
76
42.4
53
29.4
23
30.5
27.5
-
33.6
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
4,100
2,072
2,028
477
2,731
1,635
1,096
203
66.6
78.9
54.0
42.5
2,518
1,526
993
157
61.4
73.6
48.9
33.0
212
109
103
46
7.8
6.7
9.4
22.4
7.1
5.8
8.2
20.1
-
8.5
7.5
10.5
24.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,450
704
746
160
1,040
574
466
104
71.7
81.5
62.5
64.9
1,008
557
451
94
69.5
79.0
60.5
58.9
32
18
15
10
3.1
3.1
3.2
9.2
2.7
2.5
2.5
7.1
-
3.6
3.7
3.8
11.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,389
674
716
153
993
548
446
100
71.5
81.3
62.3
64.9
963
532
432
90
69.3
78.9
60.3
59.0
30
16
14
9
3.0
3.0
3.1
9.2
2.6
2.4
2.4
7.0
-
3.5
3.6
3.8
11.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
82
47
62
41
76.0
88.2
60
40
73.2
85.0
2
2
3.7
3.7
1.8
1.4
-
5.6
6.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
455
217
238
34
326
167
159
21
71.6
77.0
66.6
62.5
313
160
153
19
68.7
73.9
64.0
54.1
13
7
6
3
4.0
4.1
3.8
13.4
3.4
3.3
3.0
9.9
-
4.5
4.9
4.6
16.9
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
448
213
236
34
321
164
157
21
71.6
77.1
66.7
63.2
308
157
151
19
68.8
73.9
64.2
54.9
13
7
6
3
3.9
4.1
3.7
13.1
3.4
3.3
2.9
9.6
-
4.5
4.9
4.5
16.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
5,097
2,436
2,661
336
3,405
1,791
1,614
153
66.8
73.5
60.7
45.5
3,271
1,729
1,542
136
64.2
71.0
57.9
40.3
135
63
72
17
4.0
3.5
4.5
11.4
3.5
2.8
3.7
8.0
-
4.5
4.1
5.2
14.8
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,896
1,892
2,004
234
2,614
1,406
1,208
119
67.1
74.3
60.3
50.7
2,544
1,372
1,171
109
65.3
72.5
58.5
46.5
70
34
37
10
2.7
2.4
3.0
8.4
2.2
1.8
2.3
4.9
-
3.2
3.0
3.8
11.9
Black ..............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
1,046
461
586
683
316
367
65.3
68.6
62.7
624
290
334
59.6
62.9
57.0
60
26
33
8.7
8.4
9.0
7.3
6.3
7.1
-
10.1
10.4
11.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
154
109
71.0
104
67.4
6
5.1
2.2
-
8.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
4,258
2,106
2,152
309
2,988
1,652
1,337
181
70.2
78.4
62.1
58.6
2,846
1,574
1,272
152
66.8
74.7
59.1
49.4
142
78
65
28
4.8
4.7
4.8
15.8
4.2
3.9
3.9
11.9
-
5.4
5.5
5.7
19.6
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,888
1,924
1,964
271
2,728
1,514
1,214
161
70.2
78.7
61.8
59.5
2,599
1,441
1,159
137
66.9
74.9
59.0
50.4
129
73
56
25
4.7
4.8
4.6
15.3
4.1
4.0
3.7
11.2
-
5.4
5.7
5.5
19.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
165
98
135
88
81.7
89.5
125
81
76.1
82.9
9
7
6.8
7.4
3.0
2.6
-
10.6
12.3
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
State and population group
Civilian noninstitutional
population
Civilian labor force
Number
Percent of
population
Employment
Number
Percent of
population
Unemployment
Number
Rate
Error range of
rate1
West Virginia
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
1,451
680
771
103
805
436
368
43
55.5
64.1
47.8
42.2
749
403
346
32
51.6
59.3
44.9
30.7
55
33
22
12
6.9
7.6
6.1
27.3
6.2
6.6
5.2
24.2
-
7.6
8.5
7.0
30.4
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
1,407
660
747
98
780
423
357
41
55.5
64.2
47.8
42.0
729
392
337
31
51.8
59.5
45.1
31.3
51
31
20
11
6.5
7.3
5.6
25.5
5.9
6.4
4.7
22.1
-
7.2
8.2
6.5
28.8
Black ..............................................................................
35
19
54.0
15
41.9
4
22.4
16.3
-
28.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
3,918
1,940
1,978
307
2,929
1,549
1,380
208
74.7
79.8
69.7
67.5
2,821
1,492
1,329
186
72.0
76.9
67.2
60.4
108
57
51
22
3.7
3.7
3.7
10.6
3.2
3.0
3.0
7.8
-
4.2
4.3
4.4
13.4
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
3,665
1,823
1,843
273
2,760
1,470
1,290
193
75.3
80.6
70.0
70.9
2,674
1,423
1,251
176
73.0
78.1
67.9
64.4
86
47
39
18
3.1
3.2
3.0
9.2
2.6
2.5
2.3
6.4
-
3.6
3.8
3.7
12.0
Black ..............................................................................
175
114
65.0
96
54.8
18
15.7
11.9
-
19.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
363
180
183
35
251
137
114
21
69.0
76.2
62.0
58.7
238
130
107
17
65.5
72.6
58.6
48.1
13
6
6
4
5.1
4.7
5.5
18.1
4.5
3.9
4.6
14.9
-
5.7
5.5
6.5
21.3
White .............................................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
352
174
178
34
243
133
110
20
69.2
76.4
62.1
59.0
232
127
104
17
65.8
73.1
58.8
48.8
12
6
6
3
4.8
4.3
5.4
17.3
4.2
3.6
4.4
14.0
-
5.4
5.1
6.3
20.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Men ...............................................................................
Women .........................................................................
16
7
8
12
6
6
75.3
82.5
69.1
11
6
5
70.8
77.8
64.8
1
6.0
5.7
6.3
3.3
2.0
2.4
-
8.7
9.3
10.2
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which
means that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error
range constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value
based on a complete census of the population would be contained within these
error ranges.
2 Less than 500 persons.
( 2)
( 2)
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed
percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
TOTAL
Alabama ....................................... 1,740
Alaska ...........................................
238
Arizona ......................................... 1,698
Arkansas .......................................
944
California ...................................... 12,159
Colorado ....................................... 1,715
Connecticut ................................... 1,303
Delaware ......................................
302
District of Columbia ......................
207
Florida ........................................... 5,687
1,472
193
1,507
798
10,579
1,479
1,149
266
177
5,030
23
5
27
18
209
22
8
4
2
80
165
25
117
91
953
151
91
22
23
390
80
15
47
38
419
63
53
10
6
188
324
54
366
203
2,807
373
333
62
29
1,081
34
12
45
22
478
35
40
6
8
136
264
38
298
166
2,156
317
265
52
20
879
26
4
24
15
173
20
28
4
2
66
88
21
81
55
805
52
69
12
18
272
22
4
20
10
201
18
18
4
2
66
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
3,238
439
471
4,792
2,450
1,211
1,046
1,511
1,591
493
2,841
370
402
4,206
2,115
1,044
906
1,288
1,364
419
41
6
10
50
32
19
11
18
22
9
233
44
39
352
203
101
99
131
139
43
124
18
20
185
100
47
30
74
66
22
492
116
129
1,049
535
315
268
313
309
130
54
24
13
110
46
23
24
31
49
18
400
84
107
876
456
270
227
256
240
104
37
7
9
64
32
22
17
25
20
9
146
32
27
226
88
( 3)
38
83
109
27
31
6
7
63
21
( 3)
14
21
15
8
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
2,193
2,494
3,821
1,987
1,022
2,312
333
705
727
500
1,876
2,157
3,344
1,710
896
1,960
280
617
643
433
24
23
50
22
15
32
7
9
12
4
206
208
266
190
72
232
32
55
46
42
87
105
161
66
40
87
14
24
26
21
455
636
955
552
170
453
97
178
120
125
67
56
88
55
24
35
13
13
18
12
361
533
809
457
136
384
76
152
94
106
26
47
58
40
11
34
8
12
8
7
116
103
158
62
64
99
20
( 3)
32
( 3)
26
28
52
24
9
23
4
( 3)
4
( 3)
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
3,282
618
6,725
3,162
267
4,410
1,262
1,308
4,494
380
2,866
532
5,874
2,794
227
3,836
1,091
1,123
3,903
321
28
11
55
59
3
49
17
31
51
5
259
51
512
215
27
336
110
104
373
36
129
25
284
93
9
189
45
49
167
18
696
151
1,518
543
72
1,038
272
323
1,179
98
79
24
228
45
7
105
31
46
153
14
572
116
1,201
458
60
869
219
256
945
77
46
12
88
40
6
64
21
21
80
8
176
43
455
117
( 3)
204
52
83
238
21
39
9
109
23
( 3)
58
14
18
73
6
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
1,566
303
2,160
7,930
773
243
2,782
2,270
607
2,243
188
1,398
264
1,857
6,890
676
208
2,413
1,950
517
1,946
165
18
3
37
108
9
4
30
31
10
30
3
97
26
185
635
64
21
253
200
49
186
13
53
10
80
296
24
10
85
89
31
82
7
260
78
402
1,420
234
70
489
576
143
578
50
30
5
40
182
19
8
61
73
28
52
7
213
68
328
1,139
201
57
397
460
104
490
38
16
5
34
99
15
5
31
43
11
36
4
74
( 3)
121
429
( 3)
10
113
115
46
85
9
12
( 3)
25
102
3
( )
3
22
28
10
22
4
1,007
139
1,019
872
115
915
13
3
17
80
12
65
42
9
21
109
18
131
10
5
20
91
12
108
8
1
3
42
14
43
9
2
8
Men
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Men–Continued
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
536
7,313
1,006
742
167
106
3,242
466
6,483
887
670
150
91
2,913
9
135
12
5
2
1
52
44
486
74
40
10
10
181
17
208
34
27
5
3
95
67
1,042
123
93
19
11
390
7
230
18
16
2
4
54
56
758
100
70
15
6
313
4
54
5
8
1
1
23
31
464
( 3)
45
( 3)
8
144
5
92
( 3)
7
( 3)
1
34
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
1,838
241
289
2,818
1,467
702
612
878
909
292
1,650
207
252
2,522
1,297
619
540
765
796
254
26
4
7
36
17
11
6
12
14
6
111
21
19
167
101
49
51
63
66
21
52
9
11
94
52
23
15
38
34
11
152
37
41
331
148
93
89
87
100
37
23
10
6
55
15
6
11
13
15
7
115
25
34
261
129
80
73
67
79
28
13
2
2
15
3
7
6
7
7
2
73
21
15
133
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
39
52
17
12
1
3
27
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
8
6
3
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
1,222
1,458
2,286
1,197
574
1,292
201
417
431
300
1,068
1,288
2,047
1,055
512
1,117
172
374
389
267
15
14
33
13
8
20
5
5
8
3
96
103
128
93
39
111
16
27
22
20
43
53
77
37
16
43
8
11
11
11
149
178
269
171
58
135
27
55
40
37
25
26
32
23
9
14
4
5
7
4
117
140
225
137
47
111
21
47
31
30
7
13
12
11
2
9
2
3
3
3
64
65
91
( 3)
27
60
13
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
10
10
20
( 3)
4
9
2
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
1,928
370
3,927
1,785
157
2,605
739
807
2,651
217
1,723
324
3,509
1,615
138
2,306
648
701
2,342
189
17
8
32
36
2
30
10
21
29
3
123
26
236
91
12
178
59
53
193
17
66
13
150
43
5
92
21
31
87
8
201
50
489
191
21
299
91
95
355
30
29
10
98
17
2
51
15
18
66
5
158
37
366
158
18
237
69
74
269
23
14
3
25
16
1
11
7
4
20
2
98
24
258
59
( 3)
112
( 3)
49
142
11
18
4
38
11
( 3)
20
( 3)
8
28
2
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
883
176
1,201
4,688
480
142
1,584
1,399
359
1,324
114
803
159
1,052
4,164
428
123
1,403
1,225
312
1,180
102
11
1
20
73
5
2
17
19
6
15
2
48
11
91
313
34
10
128
105
26
81
6
22
5
39
138
13
6
35
50
16
48
4
84
23
139
476
76
18
145
175
44
169
16
10
2
17
84
7
3
18
28
12
18
3
70
20
111
366
66
14
119
134
30
142
12
4
1
11
26
4
1
8
13
2
9
1
( 3)
( 3)
70
238
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
69
28
3
( )
5
( 3)
( 3)
13
45
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
9
5
3
( )
1
733
99
679
408
4,846
600
78
592
333
4,095
10
1
10
9
74
85
13
53
46
467
39
6
26
21
211
215
36
235
136
1,765
24
7
24
15
248
173
26
190
110
1,398
18
3
21
11
119
46
7
37
23
341
13
2
12
4
109
Women
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Women–Continued
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
708
560
135
102
2,445
592
479
116
86
2,117
10
3
2
( 4)
27
77
52
12
12
208
29
26
5
3
92
250
240
43
18
691
18
24
4
4
82
217
195
37
13
566
15
20
3
1
43
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
10
128
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1
32
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
1,400
197
182
1,974
984
508
434
634
682
201
1,191
163
149
1,684
818
425
366
523
569
165
15
2
3
14
14
8
5
6
9
3
122
23
20
185
103
51
48
68
73
22
72
9
9
91
48
24
15
36
32
11
340
78
87
719
387
222
179
226
209
93
31
14
7
55
32
18
13
19
35
11
285
58
73
615
327
190
155
189
161
76
24
5
7
48
29
15
11
18
13
7
73
11
12
93
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
44
57
10
19
5
4
35
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
13
9
5
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
971
1,035
1,535
790
448
1,020
132
287
296
199
808
869
1,296
655
384
843
108
243
254
166
9
9
17
8
7
12
3
4
5
2
110
105
138
97
33
121
16
27
23
22
44
52
84
30
24
44
6
13
14
10
306
457
686
381
112
319
70
123
80
88
42
30
55
32
15
21
9
8
11
8
245
392
584
320
89
272
55
105
64
76
20
35
47
29
8
25
6
9
5
5
52
38
68
3
( )
37
( 3)
8
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
16
18
31
3
( )
5
( 3)
2
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
1,353
248
2,798
1,377
110
1,805
523
501
1,842
164
1,143
208
2,366
1,179
88
1,530
442
422
1,561
132
11
3
23
24
1
19
7
10
22
2
136
25
276
124
15
158
51
51
180
20
63
12
134
50
5
97
24
19
80
10
496
101
1,028
353
50
739
181
228
824
68
49
14
130
28
4
54
16
28
87
9
415
78
835
300
42
632
150
183
677
54
32
9
63
24
4
53
14
17
60
6
78
19
198
57
( 3)
91
( 3)
34
96
9
21
5
71
12
( 3)
38
( 3)
10
45
4
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
684
126
959
3,241
293
101
1,198
871
247
920
74
595
104
806
2,726
248
85
1,010
725
205
766
63
8
1
17
35
4
1
13
12
4
15
1
50
15
95
322
30
11
125
95
23
105
6
31
5
41
158
11
4
50
39
15
34
3
176
55
264
944
158
52
344
401
99
409
34
20
3
23
98
12
5
43
45
16
34
4
143
48
217
773
135
43
277
326
74
348
26
13
4
24
73
11
4
24
30
8
26
3
45
( 3)
51
190
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
17
( 3)
3
7
( 3)
12
57
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
5
( 3)
3
44
7
47
23
180
37
17
36
5
39
20
144
30
15
2
1
2
1
11
2
4
( )
5
1
6
2
19
4
2
1
67
9
75
39
405
72
71
3
1
4
2
37
5
4
60
7
68
35
354
65
61
3
1
3
1
13
2
6
( 3)
2
( 3)
3
( )
66
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
2
( 3)
3
( )
86
( 3)
3
( )
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
See footnotes at end of table.
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
1
6
1
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years–Continued
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
8
1
112
6
1
94
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
74
5
16
106
53
25
28
32
34
12
60
5
14
90
46
20
25
26
27
10
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
31
39
90
47
17
57
8
18
26
9
25
31
75
38
14
47
6
15
22
8
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
47
15
93
70
8
93
30
30
86
7
40
13
78
55
7
72
23
26
72
6
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
35
12
56
173
30
6
51
52
9
55
5
30
10
46
141
27
5
42
43
7
46
4
1,316
202
1,556
803
9,835
1,603
1,129
226
1,129
166
1,380
680
8,535
1,382
992
198
( 4)
( 4)
5
( 4)
3
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
1
2
4
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
4
3
4
1
1
3
2
3
7
1
3
1
4
1
( 4)
9
10
( 4)
1
9
4
3
2
4
4
1
4
5
9
5
2
6
1
2
2
1
4
2
9
7
1
14
5
3
9
1
3
1
6
20
2
( 4)
7
6
1
5
4
( )
( 4)
( 4)
11
3
190
1
( 4)
14
10
2
168
1
( 4)
8
( 3)
( 3)
21
( 3)
( 3)
28
131
15
31
227
117
70
67
71
58
23
10
2
3
13
5
1
4
6
6
3
115
12
28
205
109
66
59
60
50
18
6
1
1
8
2
3
4
4
2
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
23
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
32
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
77
121
224
144
35
90
15
44
24
23
3
8
12
8
2
6
2
3
2
1
71
108
205
130
32
78
13
39
20
22
2
6
6
6
2
5
1
2
1
4
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
125
22
232
129
18
215
53
57
216
19
8
3
17
6
1
16
4
6
21
1
113
18
205
121
16
189
45
48
186
17
4
1
9
3
1
11
4
3
9
1
( 3)
( 3)
45
( 3)
3
( )
30
( 3)
3
( )
27
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
43
( 3)
3
( )
28
( 3)
3
( )
34
( 3)
1
6
1
( 4)
4
( )
( 4)
( 4)
1
( 4)
56
18
77
280
64
13
85
101
22
130
12
2
1
9
24
4
1
7
9
3
6
1
51
17
64
245
57
11
71
89
17
121
10
3
1
4
10
3
1
6
2
2
4
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
67
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
7
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
54
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
5
( 3)
3
( )
55
12
45
33
337
60
47
8
248
44
336
174
2,353
350
297
52
18
7
37
14
389
32
29
5
211
33
277
147
1,814
299
242
44
19
4
22
13
150
20
26
3
40
15
68
32
617
( 3)
50
( 3)
12
3
17
7
161
3
( )
15
( 3)
4
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
1
2
( 4)
( 4)
White
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
See footnotes at end of table.
14
4
25
14
179
20
6
3
119
20
106
75
783
141
84
18
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
White–Continued
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
87
4,789
73
4,243
1
66
11
326
3
155
12
934
2
101
9
773
1
60
( 3)
191
( 3)
47
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
2,251
122
460
4,033
2,268
1,164
953
1,385
1,148
486
1,973
101
393
3,531
1,944
1,005
824
1,181
990
413
24
2
10
46
30
18
10
16
16
9
172
13
38
305
198
96
91
119
97
43
82
6
20
152
96
46
28
69
46
21
364
37
126
909
500
300
243
289
222
129
27
7
12
78
41
22
20
27
21
17
307
27
105
773
430
257
208
237
187
103
30
3
9
58
29
21
15
24
14
8
62
( 3)
26
139
69
( 3)
29
71
48
26
16
( 3)
7
44
19
( 3)
12
20
9
8
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
1,564
2,303
3,294
1,895
681
2,085
314
665
641
485
1,349
1,987
2,884
1,630
606
1,774
264
582
568
419
16
22
41
21
8
30
7
8
11
4
142
196
230
181
43
204
30
52
39
41
57
98
139
63
24
77
13
23
22
20
368
605
858
525
116
418
92
169
108
122
47
50
73
49
8
29
12
12
15
11
296
509
732
438
102
359
73
146
85
103
24
46
52
37
6
29
8
11
8
7
53
88
117
( 3)
( 3)
76
16
3
( )
25
( 3)
17
24
41
( 3)
( 3)
21
4
3
( )
3
( 3)
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
2,663
554
5,293
2,424
257
3,911
1,067
1,219
4,063
355
2,323
476
4,624
2,139
219
3,419
920
1,044
3,522
300
24
10
45
45
3
41
14
29
47
5
212
45
402
166
26
287
93
99
342
34
104
22
222
75
9
162
39
47
152
16
600
138
1,257
439
70
944
235
306
1,091
92
56
21
155
29
6
86
23
41
131
12
503
106
1,025
377
58
799
193
244
885
73
41
11
77
32
5
60
19
21
74
7
121
36
272
66
( 3)
164
34
76
184
18
31
8
76
15
( 3)
49
10
17
61
5
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
1,153
287
1,725
6,767
736
239
2,149
2,066
590
2,122
184
1,042
250
1,475
5,871
644
204
1,869
1,777
503
1,840
161
11
3
32
95
9
4
24
29
10
28
3
65
24
153
548
61
21
193
180
47
176
4
( )
34
10
66
254
23
10
63
80
30
78
7
194
74
333
1,211
227
69
395
533
139
552
48
13
5
27
139
17
8
39
68
27
46
7
169
65
276
987
195
56
328
425
101
470
37
11
4
30
85
15
5
28
39
11
35
4
( 3)
( 3)
85
328
3
( )
9
( 3)
103
42
65
8
( 3)
( 3)
14
83
3
( )
3
( 3)
26
9
21
4
407
8
62
127
733
55
152
68
116
764
330
7
57
105
631
46
140
61
100
666
9
42
1
4
14
59
6
6
4
12
56
25
( 4)
1
4
34
2
5
2
4
29
72
1
13
23
131
13
33
9
17
130
16
( 4)
3
7
35
4
10
1
6
31
49
1
9
15
89
9
21
6
10
93
7
48
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
99
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
16
76
9
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
17
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
2
17
Black
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
See footnotes at end of table.
( 4)
1
3
10
1
2
1
1
12
( 4)
( 4)
1
1
8
2
1
1
6
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Not
at
work
Total
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Black–Continued
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
937
9
597
159
26
62
113
418
820
8
527
150
21
55
96
351
16
( 4)
3
1
1
1
2
6
59
1
40
5
3
5
10
41
41
( 4)
26
4
1
2
5
20
121
1
115
31
9
14
22
79
26
( 4)
30
5
1
3
4
27
89
1
81
23
7
11
17
46
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
544
115
427
48
332
200
20
42
5
447
100
370
41
281
163
18
36
5
7
1
9
61
9
31
6
28
24
2
3
4
( )
29
4
18
2
15
11
1
2
4
( )
75
21
79
13
49
30
3
6
2
19
4
12
3
15
5
1
1
( 4)
54
15
61
9
30
21
2
5
2
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
451
9
1,009
627
428
90
22
350
20
389
8
868
563
354
77
20
305
16
37
( 4)
87
39
42
7
1
28
3
20
( 4)
46
15
25
4
( 4)
13
1
73
3
190
90
78
19
5
66
5
20
1
59
15
19
5
1
19
1
50
2
124
69
55
13
4
42
3
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Virginia ..........................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
401
3
412
869
5
541
12
80
2
344
3
362
754
5
463
10
69
1
31
( 4)
31
71
4
( )
54
1
8
4
( )
18
( 4)
14
33
4
( )
19
1
3
4
( )
64
1
68
168
1
82
3
16
1
17
( 4)
13
40
4
( )
20
( 4)
5
( 4)
41
1
50
116
1
60
2
11
1
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
15
5
433
19
3,323
220
83
8
14
991
13
4
394
16
2,905
187
73
7
12
873
( 4)
( 4)
12
1
95
3
1
4
( )
4
( )
18
1
( 4)
20
2
234
19
6
1
1
72
1
1
7
( 4)
89
11
3
( 4)
4
( )
27
2
1
90
2
667
45
18
2
2
155
( 4)
( 4)
22
1
199
6
6
4
( )
1
37
2
1
64
1
435
36
10
2
1
112
( 4)
( 4)
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
66
10
35
436
49
17
45
59
8
30
393
48
15
37
1
3
1
2
22
1
1
6
3
1
2
13
1
1
2
10
4
4
58
6
4
9
1
1
1
13
3
1
2
9
2
4
43
4
3
6
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
7
2
4
8
11
7
1
4
( )
4
( 4)
( 4)
7
5
10
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
6
1
1
6
81
( 3)
78
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
58
2
1
5
1
4
4
1
( 4)
4
( )
61
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
43
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
2
47
( 3)
154
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
46
( 3)
8
( 3)
31
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
11
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
89
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
15
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
318
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
62
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
71
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
10
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
7
4
3
7
6
4
1
4
5
4
11
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
3
15
( 3)
16
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
6
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
8
6
Hispanic origin
See footnotes at end of table.
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
2
9
1
4
( 4)
33
2
1
4
( )
4
( )
7
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
2
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
(In thousands)
Employed1
Unemployed
Full-time workers
Part-time workers
At work
At work2
Population group and State
Total
35
hours
or
more
1 to 34 hours
Total
1
4
1
3
4
7
( 4)
2
3
5
1
( 4)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
6
7
8
3
2
2
1
1
5
1
3
3
5
1
1
1
( 4)
1
2
( 4)
20
20
22
16
3
9
2
4
11
1
7
4
4
5
1
1
( 4)
1
3
( 4)
12
15
17
10
2
7
2
3
6
( 4)
1
2
2
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1
1
7
2
1
25
20
59
7
4
( )
4
3
5
8
1
7
10
27
2
4
( )
2
1
3
4
( 4)
69
53
169
9
1
10
4
16
19
2
11
13
43
2
4
( )
2
( 4)
4
2
1
55
37
118
6
1
7
3
11
16
1
32
20
91
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
8
4
16
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
51
1
4
( )
3
1
1
4
( )
1
( 4)
1
167
4
( 4)
4
9
3
1
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
75
2
4
( )
2
4
1
1
3
( 4)
3
374
6
1
16
21
8
2
1
( 4)
1
79
1
( 4)
4
4
1
4
( )
2
( 4)
2
275
4
( 4)
11
15
6
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
180
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
32
( 3)
3
( )
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
NonecoEconomic
nomic reareasons
sons
Part time
Part time
for
for
economic noneconoreasons mic reasons
Not
at
work
Looking for Looking for
full-time
part-time
work
work
Not
at
work
Hispanic origin–Continued
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
15
37
13
30
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
99
97
101
39
18
35
6
24
97
7
89
87
85
35
15
32
4
21
87
6
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
351
230
875
92
2
64
35
105
92
22
315
195
780
79
1
56
30
91
78
19
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
27
3
26
2,145
54
1
88
105
59
10
25
2
24
1,853
49
1
79
91
53
8
( 4)
1
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
1
1
3
1
1
3
4
6
8
5
1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on
their usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are
at work during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified
according to their usual status.
2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their
reason for working part time.
3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
1
3
3
8
1
1
( 4)
( 4)
( 4)
19
( 4)
4
( )
( 4)
2
1
4
( )
in that area. See appendix B.
4 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total
employed.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and
black population groups.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty
Employment status and State
Total
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and
tive, and
al sperelated
managerial
cialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
Service
Administraproduction, Machine
forestry,
Transpor- equipment
occupative supcraft, and operators,
and
tation and cleaners,
tions
port, inassemrepair
fishing
helpers,
material
cluding
blers, and
moving and laborclerical
inspectors
ers
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Alabama .................................
Alaska .....................................
Arizona ...................................
Arkansas .................................
California ................................
Colorado .................................
Connecticut .............................
Delaware ................................
District of Columbia ................
Florida .....................................
2,164
315
2,159
1,205
15,862
2,155
1,718
379
256
7,079
241
49
293
135
2,395
357
274
61
54
1,019
277
49
285
132
2,441
328
269
54
60
918
65
13
73
34
480
84
61
15
10
221
286
32
281
128
2,005
287
216
42
19
1,023
275
45
332
145
2,195
309
252
64
39
1,048
263
45
320
174
2,098
278
239
55
46
1,107
258
35
245
150
1,593
229
166
36
10
766
211
7
103
126
916
76
99
18
3
251
111
13
74
70
550
76
51
17
8
284
113
17
80
65
607
78
63
13
6
274
63
10
73
44
575
2
( )
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
166
Georgia ...................................
Hawaii .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Illinois ......................................
Indiana ....................................
Iowa ........................................
Kansas ....................................
Kentucky .................................
Louisiana ................................
Maine ......................................
3,892
588
632
6,103
3,088
1,574
1,364
1,920
2,009
658
580
77
71
877
388
175
204
260
236
87
524
76
82
880
392
200
204
253
247
86
124
14
18
160
94
58
( 2)
63
72
15
459
78
68
770
352
188
152
222
236
74
533
92
79
929
419
210
192
251
281
90
475
121
90
822
375
219
191
251
321
90
451
59
82
631
389
156
141
215
247
86
282
13
36
412
318
108
77
148
114
45
196
20
31
269
138
83
49
110
120
28
188
19
32
259
162
79
50
99
90
29
78
21
43
92
( 2)
98
65
47
44
28
Maryland .................................
Massachusetts ........................
Michigan .................................
Minnesota ...............................
Mississippi ..............................
Missouri ..................................
Montana ..................................
Nebraska ................................
Nevada ...................................
New Hampshire ......................
2,781
3,250
4,971
2,619
1,258
2,874
453
905
882
644
452
515
604
397
130
334
59
110
127
90
547
599
715
364
171
422
63
113
100
103
107
106
173
84
38
100
10
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
337
353
578
314
143
354
55
104
119
80
413
487
672
342
162
420
58
124
119
90
375
437
651
363
165
364
71
128
186
79
252
332
570
300
163
345
47
91
99
85
83
176
492
130
124
179
14
49
23
46
80
99
199
103
76
121
21
( 2)
36
( 2)
84
107
221
102
56
124
19
38
36
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
94
120
32
110
37
85
( 2)
( 2)
New Jersey .............................
New Mexico ............................
New York ................................
North Carolina ........................
North Dakota ..........................
Ohio ........................................
Oklahoma ...............................
Oregon ....................................
Pennsylvania ..........................
Rhode Island ..........................
4,180
817
8,750
3,834
347
5,690
1,596
1,728
5,957
503
637
105
1,264
465
38
740
206
219
827
67
634
126
1,377
491
42
778
213
233
902
81
151
32
265
126
( 2)
205
48
43
180
18
577
102
1,019
438
45
661
178
208
681
58
661
104
1,351
496
45
769
242
215
850
71
558
133
1,450
446
52
837
220
249
855
75
367
98
818
516
30
632
188
199
625
53
225
21
443
406
( 2)
457
87
121
392
40
174
38
318
179
18
242
68
79
266
14
149
29
307
167
( 2)
257
76
88
282
18
45
28
137
104
44
111
68
75
97
( 2)
South Carolina ........................
South Dakota ..........................
Tennessee ..............................
Texas ......................................
Utah ........................................
Vermont ..................................
Virginia ....................................
Washington .............................
West Virginia ..........................
Wisconsin ...............................
Wyoming .................................
1,904
392
2,699
9,824
1,039
325
3,395
2,984
796
2,923
250
213
44
365
1,269
137
43
537
474
86
376
29
252
49
327
1,407
152
53
557
460
107
416
34
60
( 2)
86
307
34
( 2)
96
104
31
96
6
220
47
324
1,240
131
40
408
370
99
315
28
235
46
344
1,377
170
43
473
382
109
403
29
239
63
338
1,372
122
45
440
367
117
365
42
275
42
318
1,175
133
37
355
305
104
309
30
188
23
247
493
50
19
168
132
38
264
8
83
15
137
453
38
12
144
125
47
138
17
96
16
133
399
43
11
137
145
41
138
10
( 2)
36
79
332
2
( )
13
( 2)
121
17
101
17
2,064
291
2,065
1,147
14,966
2,088
239
48
287
134
2,339
349
274
48
280
129
2,373
323
63
12
71
34
464
83
269
30
261
121
1,896
275
268
43
317
140
2,083
297
236
40
303
162
1,936
267
248
31
235
144
1,483
222
196
6
97
118
849
74
106
11
72
67
507
72
103
14
75
55
527
72
62
9
66
42
509
2
( )
EMPLOYED
Alabama .................................
Alaska .....................................
Arizona ...................................
Arkansas .................................
California ................................
Colorado .................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty
Employment status and State
Total
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and
tive, and
al sperelated
managerial
cialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
Service
Administraproduction, Machine
forestry,
Transpor- equipment
occupative supcraft, and operators,
and
tation and cleaners,
tions
port, inassemrepair
fishing
helpers,
material
cluding
blers, and
moving and laborclerical
inspectors
ers
EMPLOYED–Continued
Connecticut ............................. 1,635
Delaware ................................
364
District of Columbia ................
237
Florida ..................................... 6,768
269
60
52
997
266
53
58
900
61
14
10
215
208
40
17
974
238
61
36
1,006
222
52
40
1,043
155
35
9
732
92
16
2
( )
236
46
16
7
268
54
12
4
245
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
153
Georgia ...................................
Hawaii .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Illinois ......................................
Indiana ....................................
Iowa ........................................
Kansas ....................................
Kentucky .................................
Louisiana ................................
Maine ......................................
3,730
554
600
5,842
2,985
1,526
1,315
1,824
1,900
623
571
75
70
860
384
173
202
257
232
85
515
73
80
863
385
198
201
248
241
84
122
13
17
155
92
57
( 2)
60
70
14
435
74
65
736
339
182
144
208
220
70
518
88
75
900
410
205
186
242
271
86
439
113
83
770
355
208
180
233
295
84
436
52
79
602
378
151
135
201
235
81
264
12
33
383
303
104
73
137
105
43
188
18
28
258
134
79
47
106
114
27
170
16
29
227
146
73
45
88
79
26
72
19
41
87
( 2)
96
63
44
38
24
Maryland .................................
Massachusetts ........................
Michigan .................................
Minnesota ...............................
Mississippi ..............................
Missouri ..................................
Montana ..................................
Nebraska ................................
Nevada ...................................
New Hampshire ......................
2,648
3,129
4,776
2,539
1,193
2,765
430
883
847
625
441
503
594
394
128
329
57
109
124
89
534
589
707
361
169
412
61
111
98
101
103
102
167
80
36
99
9
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
319
336
556
305
135
343
53
101
114
78
392
471
652
335
155
411
56
122
115
88
349
420
614
343
153
341
66
121
177
75
241
313
549
289
153
332
44
90
94
82
73
168
461
123
112
169
12
47
23
45
75
92
189
99
72
111
19
( 2)
33
( 2)
76
98
200
92
50
112
16
35
33
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
86
117
28
108
35
84
( 2)
( 2)
New Jersey .............................
New Mexico ............................
New York ................................
North Carolina ........................
North Dakota ..........................
Ohio ........................................
Oklahoma ...............................
Oregon ....................................
Pennsylvania ..........................
Rhode Island ..........................
3,978
769
8,243
3,705
339
5,448
1,534
1,631
5,673
478
623
102
1,222
456
38
723
203
214
812
65
618
123
1,338
483
42
764
211
226
886
81
147
32
257
123
( 2)
203
47
42
175
18
552
97
952
422
44
630
169
199
648
56
624
101
1,278
487
44
747
233
204
816
67
520
121
1,340
422
50
793
208
229
794
69
346
90
768
499
29
602
179
187
596
50
212
19
403
382
( 2)
429
83
112
368
36
159
34
298
174
17
229
66
74
254
13
133
24
264
155
( 2)
224
70
76
242
16
43
25
123
101
43
104
67
68
83
( 2)
South Carolina ........................
South Dakota ..........................
Tennessee ..............................
Texas ......................................
Utah ........................................
Vermont ..................................
Virginia ....................................
Washington .............................
West Virginia ..........................
Wisconsin ...............................
Wyoming .................................
1,826
381
2,562
9,350
1,008
313
3,271
2,846
749
2,821
238
211
44
361
1,246
135
42
533
468
85
371
29
247
48
321
1,375
149
52
545
453
105
406
33
59
( 2)
86
303
34
( 2)
95
101
31
94
6
210
47
306
1,169
128
39
388
349
92
306
26
226
45
335
1,321
167
42
460
368
104
390
28
222
60
312
1,266
116
43
417
337
109
347
38
269
40
297
1,112
128
35
342
292
97
301
29
173
22
227
460
48
19
158
122
34
254
7
80
14
128
436
36
12
136
117
44
131
16
90
15
115
348
40
10
123
134
34
124
9
( 2)
36
75
314
( 2)
12
( 2)
105
15
97
16
100
24
94
58
896
67
82
15
19
310
2
2
6
2
56
7
5
1
2
22
3
1
5
2
67
5
3
1
2
19
1
1
2
17
2
21
8
109
12
8
2
3
49
8
2
15
5
113
12
14
3
3
42
27
5
16
11
161
11
18
3
6
64
10
4
10
6
110
7
11
1
1
34
14
1
6
9
67
2
6
2
( 2)
15
5
1
2
3
43
3
4
1
( 3)
16
10
3
5
10
81
5
9
1
1
28
2
1
6
2
67
2
( )
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
13
UNEMPLOYED
Alabama .................................
Alaska .....................................
Arizona ...................................
Arkansas .................................
California ................................
Colorado .................................
Connecticut .............................
Delaware ................................
District of Columbia ................
Florida .....................................
See footnotes at end of table.
( 3)
16
1
1
3
( )
3
( )
6
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty
Employment status and State
Total
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and
tive, and
al sperelated
managerial
cialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
Service
Administraproduction, Machine
forestry,
Transpor- equipment
occupative supcraft, and operators,
and
tation and cleaners,
tions
port, inassemrepair
fishing
helpers,
material
cluding
blers, and
moving and laborclerical
inspectors
ers
UNEMPLOYED–Continued
Georgia ...................................
Hawaii .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Illinois ......................................
Indiana ....................................
Iowa ........................................
Kansas ....................................
Kentucky .................................
Louisiana ................................
Maine ......................................
162
34
32
262
103
48
49
95
108
34
9
2
1
17
4
2
2
3
4
2
9
3
2
17
7
2
3
4
5
2
Maryland .................................
Massachusetts ........................
Michigan .................................
Minnesota ...............................
Mississippi ..............................
Missouri ..................................
Montana ..................................
Nebraska ................................
Nevada ...................................
New Hampshire ......................
133
121
195
80
65
109
23
22
35
20
11
12
10
3
2
5
1
1
3
1
13
10
9
3
2
9
2
2
2
2
New Jersey .............................
New Mexico ............................
New York ................................
North Carolina ........................
North Dakota ..........................
Ohio ........................................
Oklahoma ...............................
Oregon ....................................
Pennsylvania ..........................
Rhode Island ..........................
202
48
507
129
8
242
62
97
285
25
14
3
42
9
( 3)
16
4
5
15
2
16
3
40
8
( 3)
14
2
7
17
( 3)
South Carolina ........................
South Dakota ..........................
Tennessee ..............................
Texas ......................................
Utah ........................................
Vermont ..................................
Virginia ....................................
Washington .............................
West Virginia ..........................
Wisconsin ...............................
Wyoming .................................
78
11
137
474
31
12
124
138
47
102
12
2
1
4
23
2
1
5
6
1
5
( 3)
5
1
7
32
3
1
12
7
2
10
( 3)
Alabama .................................
Alaska .....................................
Arizona ...................................
Arkansas .................................
California ................................
Colorado .................................
Connecticut .............................
Delaware ................................
District of Columbia ................
Florida .....................................
4.6
7.5
4.2
4.8
5.7
3.1
4.8
3.9
7.3
4.4
1.0
3.8
1.9
1.2
2.4
2.1
1.8
1.9
3.1
2.2
1.0
2.4
1.6
1.9
2.8
1.5
1.1
1.5
3.0
2.1
Georgia ...................................
Hawaii .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Illinois ......................................
4.2
5.8
5.0
4.3
1.6
2.7
1.5
2.0
1.6
3.4
2.5
1.9
24
4
3
34
12
6
8
14
16
3
15
3
4
29
9
5
6
9
10
4
36
8
7
52
20
11
11
18
27
7
15
7
3
29
11
5
6
15
11
5
18
1
3
29
14
4
4
11
9
2
8
1
3
11
4
5
1
4
7
1
18
2
3
31
17
5
5
11
11
4
4
4
6
3
1
1
18
18
22
9
8
12
2
3
5
2
21
16
20
7
6
10
3
1
4
2
27
17
37
20
12
24
5
7
9
4
12
19
21
11
9
13
3
1
5
2
10
8
30
7
12
9
1
2
( 3)
1
5
6
10
4
4
9
2
( 2)
3
( 2)
8
9
20
10
6
13
2
3
3
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
4
26
5
67
16
( 3)
31
9
9
33
2
38
4
72
9
1
23
10
11
34
4
37
12
110
24
2
44
12
20
61
5
21
8
50
16
1
30
9
11
29
3
13
2
41
23
( 2)
28
4
8
25
4
14
4
20
5
1
13
3
5
12
1
16
5
43
11
( 2)
33
6
12
39
2
2
3
15
3
1
7
2
7
14
( 2)
10
1
18
71
4
2
20
22
7
9
1
9
1
9
56
3
1
12
14
5
13
1
17
3
27
106
6
3
23
30
8
18
4
7
2
21
63
5
2
13
12
7
8
2
15
1
20
32
2
1
10
10
4
10
( 3)
3
1
9
17
1
1
8
8
4
7
1
6
1
18
51
3
1
14
12
7
15
1
( 2)
1
5
18
( 2)
1
( 2)
16
2
4
1
2.2
5.9
2.1
.6
3.4
.6
1.1
2.0
1.2
2.8
5.9
7.2
7.1
6.0
5.4
4.1
3.9
5.3
12.8
4.8
2.7
4.4
4.4
3.3
5.1
3.8
5.6
4.0
8.7
4.1
10.4
11.4
5.0
6.5
7.7
4.0
7.5
5.7
13.2
5.8
3.9
10.1
4.1
3.7
6.9
2.9
6.6
3.1
10.6
4.4
6.9
15.1
6.0
6.7
7.4
2.6
6.2
9.3
8.7
6.1
4.3
11.5
2.2
4.6
7.9
4.4
8.4
3.8
5.7
5.8
8.9
18.3
6.2
14.9
13.3
6.7
14.7
8.0
22.7
10.4
2.7
12.7
8.3
4.6
11.6
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
7.6
1.7
2.9
1.5
3.3
5.2
5.4
4.4
4.4
2.9
3.5
4.6
3.1
7.6
6.3
7.3
6.3
3.4
12.0
4.0
4.6
6.5
6.8
7.5
7.1
3.9
6.9
9.5
4.0
9.7
12.7
10.5
12.1
7.8
11.5
6.4
5.6
( 3)
( 3)
( 2)
2
5
2
1
3
1
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 2)
( 2)
( 3)
( 2)
( 3)
( 2)
( 3)
( 3)
( 2)
( 3)
( 3)
8
4
2
1
2
6
2
5
1
3
1
6
2
3
5
2
( )
2
2
3
6
3
8
4
4
3
2
1
( 2)
( 2)
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Managerial and
professional specialty
Employment status and State
Total
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Executive, Professi- Techniadministraoncians and
tive, and
al sperelated
managerial
cialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Farming,
Handlers,
Service
Administraproduction, Machine
forestry,
Transpor- equipment
occupative supcraft, and operators,
and
tation and cleaners,
tions
port, inassemrepair
fishing
helpers,
material
cluding
blers, and
moving and laborclerical
inspectors
ers
UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE–Continued
Indiana ....................................
Iowa ........................................
Kansas ....................................
Kentucky .................................
Louisiana ................................
Maine ......................................
3.3
3.0
3.6
5.0
5.4
5.2
1.0
1.1
.9
1.2
1.7
2.1
1.8
.9
1.4
1.8
2.1
2.2
1.9
1.0
( 2)
4.7
1.7
6.0
3.5
3.2
5.3
6.1
6.8
4.2
2.2
2.3
3.0
3.7
3.6
4.3
5.2
5.1
6.0
7.1
8.4
7.3
2.9
3.4
4.4
6.8
4.6
5.9
4.5
3.6
4.9
7.5
8.0
4.7
3.1
5.5
2.8
3.7
5.7
4.1
10.3
6.6
10.0
11.2
12.1
12.1
( 2)
2.5
3.6
5.4
14.8
12.3
Maryland .................................
Massachusetts ........................
Michigan .................................
Minnesota ...............................
Mississippi ..............................
Missouri ..................................
Montana ..................................
Nebraska ................................
Nevada ...................................
New Hampshire ......................
4.8
3.7
4.0
3.0
5.1
3.8
5.1
2.4
3.9
3.0
2.5
2.3
1.7
.6
1.4
1.5
2.1
1.0
2.4
.6
2.3
1.6
1.2
.9
1.3
2.2
2.9
1.5
1.5
1.8
4.1
3.8
3.4
3.9
3.2
1.4
1.0
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
5.4
5.0
3.8
2.9
5.3
3.3
3.3
2.7
3.8
3.0
5.2
3.2
3.0
2.0
3.9
2.3
4.3
1.2
3.5
2.6
7.2
3.8
5.9
5.4
7.3
6.5
7.3
5.4
4.8
5.2
4.6
5.6
3.8
3.8
5.8
3.9
6.6
1.4
5.1
2.7
12.0
4.6
6.3
5.1
9.3
5.2
8.4
3.1
.9
2.1
6.2
6.4
5.0
3.7
4.7
7.8
8.5
( 2)
7.0
( 2)
9.3
8.3
9.4
9.5
10.0
10.1
12.6
7.8
9.5
( 2)
( 2)
( 2)
8.3
3.0
11.5
2.4
5.5
1.5
( 2)
( 2)
New Jersey .............................
New Mexico ............................
New York ................................
North Carolina ........................
North Dakota ..........................
Ohio ........................................
Oklahoma ...............................
Oregon ....................................
Pennsylvania ..........................
Rhode Island ..........................
4.9
5.8
5.8
3.4
2.4
4.2
3.9
5.6
4.8
4.9
2.3
2.8
3.3
1.9
.7
2.2
1.8
2.4
1.8
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.9
1.7
1.1
1.8
1.1
3.1
1.8
.5
2.7
.9
2.8
2.8
( 2)
1.0
2.8
4.1
3.1
.2
4.5
5.4
6.5
3.6
.8
4.7
4.9
4.5
4.8
3.6
5.7
3.4
5.3
1.8
1.8
2.9
4.0
4.9
4.0
5.0
6.7
8.7
7.6
5.3
3.9
5.3
5.6
8.0
7.1
7.3
5.7
7.9
6.1
3.2
3.0
4.8
4.7
5.6
4.6
5.6
5.8
7.7
9.1
5.8
( 2)
6.1
4.8
6.9
6.3
10.6
8.4
9.8
6.1
2.7
4.8
5.2
4.1
6.2
4.6
10.0
10.5
17.5
13.8
6.6
( 2)
12.8
8.2
13.2
14.0
10.0
5.2
9.1
10.8
2.4
2.5
6.4
2.3
8.8
14.5
( 2)
South Carolina ........................
South Dakota ..........................
Tennessee ..............................
Texas ......................................
Utah ........................................
Vermont ..................................
Virginia ....................................
Washington .............................
West Virginia ..........................
Wisconsin ...............................
Wyoming .................................
4.1
2.9
5.1
4.8
3.0
3.7
3.7
4.6
5.9
3.5
4.7
.7
1.5
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.4
.8
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.1
2.1
1.6
2.0
2.3
2.0
1.4
2.2
1.6
1.8
2.4
1.2
2.7
( 2)
.3
1.6
.5
( 2)
1.5
2.5
1.1
1.3
1.4
4.5
1.7
5.6
5.7
2.7
3.9
5.0
5.8
6.8
2.9
4.1
3.7
1.6
2.5
4.1
2.0
3.2
2.6
3.5
4.4
3.3
3.0
7.3
5.1
7.8
7.7
5.1
5.7
5.3
8.0
6.7
5.0
10.0
2.4
5.1
6.7
5.3
3.5
4.2
3.8
4.1
7.1
2.6
5.0
8.0
3.6
7.9
6.6
4.2
2.9
5.8
7.4
10.2
3.9
4.1
3.3
3.9
6.4
3.8
3.1
5.7
5.4
6.5
7.7
5.4
6.0
6.8
7.3
13.2
12.6
7.7
9.8
10.2
8.0
17.1
10.5
9.7
( 2)
1.6
5.9
5.3
( 2)
8.1
( 2)
13.0
13.6
4.0
4.8
1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B.
3 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total
employed.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
TOTAL
Alabama ............................. 2,064
Alaska .................................
291
Arizona ............................... 2,065
Arkansas ............................. 1,147
California ............................ 14,966
Colorado ............................. 2,088
Connecticut ......................... 1,635
Delaware ............................
364
District of Columbia ............
237
Florida ................................. 6,768
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.6
16.3
13.9
11.7
15.6
16.7
16.5
16.4
22.1
14.7
13.3
16.4
13.6
11.3
15.9
15.5
16.2
14.6
24.5
13.3
3.1
4.2
3.4
3.0
3.1
4.0
3.7
3.9
4.1
3.2
13.0
10.3
12.6
10.5
12.7
13.2
12.7
10.9
7.1
14.4
13.0
14.7
15.3
12.2
13.9
14.2
14.6
16.8
15.1
14.9
11.4
13.7
14.7
14.2
12.9
12.8
13.6
14.3
16.9
15.4
12.0
10.8
11.4
12.6
9.9
10.7
9.5
9.5
3.6
10.8
9.5
2.0
4.7
10.3
5.7
3.6
5.7
4.5
1.3
3.5
5.1
3.9
3.5
5.8
3.4
3.5
2.8
4.4
3.0
4.0
5.0
4.7
3.6
4.8
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.2
1.9
3.6
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.6
3.4
2.4
1.5
1.4
.3
2.3
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
Maine ..................................
3,730
554
600
5,842
2,985
1,526
1,315
1,824
1,900
623
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.3
13.5
11.6
14.7
12.9
11.4
15.4
14.1
12.2
13.6
13.8
13.2
13.3
14.8
12.9
13.0
15.3
13.6
12.7
13.5
3.3
2.4
2.9
2.7
3.1
3.8
2.8
3.3
3.7
2.3
11.7
13.3
10.9
12.6
11.4
11.9
11.0
11.4
11.6
11.3
13.9
15.9
12.5
15.4
13.7
13.5
14.2
13.3
14.3
13.8
11.8
20.4
13.9
13.2
11.9
13.6
13.7
12.8
15.5
13.4
11.7
9.3
13.1
10.3
12.7
9.9
10.3
11.0
12.4
13.0
7.1
2.2
5.5
6.6
10.2
6.8
5.6
7.5
5.5
6.8
5.0
3.3
4.7
4.4
4.5
5.1
3.6
5.8
6.0
4.3
4.5
2.9
4.8
3.9
4.9
4.8
3.4
4.8
4.2
4.1
1.9
3.4
6.8
1.5
2.0
6.3
4.8
2.4
2.0
3.9
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
2,648
3,129
4,776
2,539
1,193
2,765
430
883
847
625
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.7
16.1
12.4
15.5
10.7
11.9
13.3
12.4
14.6
14.3
20.2
18.8
14.8
14.2
14.2
14.9
14.1
12.6
11.6
16.1
3.9
3.3
3.5
3.2
3.0
3.6
2.2
3.1
2.6
3.0
12.0
10.7
11.6
12.0
11.3
12.4
12.3
11.5
13.5
12.4
14.8
15.1
13.7
13.2
13.0
14.8
13.0
13.9
13.5
14.1
13.2
13.4
12.8
13.5
12.8
12.3
15.4
13.7
20.9
12.0
9.1
10.0
11.5
11.4
12.9
12.0
10.2
10.2
11.1
13.2
2.8
5.4
9.7
4.9
9.4
6.1
2.9
5.4
2.7
7.2
2.9
2.9
4.0
3.9
6.0
4.0
4.5
3.9
3.9
3.3
2.9
3.1
4.2
3.6
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.9
3.8
2.9
1.7
1.2
1.8
4.6
2.4
3.9
8.2
9.5
1.6
1.3
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
North Dakota ......................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
3,978
769
8,243
3,705
339
5,448
1,534
1,631
5,673
478
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.7
13.3
14.8
12.3
11.1
13.3
13.2
13.1
14.3
13.6
15.5
16.0
16.2
13.0
12.4
14.0
13.7
13.9
15.6
16.9
3.7
4.2
3.1
3.3
3.0
3.7
3.0
2.6
3.1
3.7
13.9
12.6
11.6
11.4
13.0
11.6
11.0
12.2
11.4
11.7
15.7
13.1
15.5
13.1
13.1
13.7
15.2
12.5
14.4
14.0
13.1
15.8
16.3
11.4
14.7
14.6
13.5
14.0
14.0
14.5
8.7
11.7
9.3
13.5
8.6
11.0
11.7
11.5
10.5
10.5
5.3
2.5
4.9
10.3
3.6
7.9
5.4
6.9
6.5
7.5
4.0
4.4
3.6
4.7
5.0
4.2
4.3
4.5
4.5
2.7
3.4
3.1
3.2
4.2
2.9
4.1
4.6
4.7
4.3
3.4
1.1
3.3
1.5
2.7
12.6
1.9
4.3
4.2
1.5
1.3
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Vermont ..............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia ......................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
1,826
381
2,562
9,350
1,008
313
3,271
2,846
749
2,821
238
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.6
11.4
14.1
13.3
13.4
13.5
16.3
16.5
11.4
13.2
12.0
13.5
12.6
12.5
14.7
14.8
16.6
16.7
15.9
14.0
14.4
13.9
3.2
2.7
3.4
3.2
3.3
2.7
2.9
3.5
4.1
3.3
2.6
11.5
12.2
11.9
12.5
12.7
12.4
11.9
12.2
12.3
10.9
11.1
12.4
11.9
13.1
14.1
16.6
13.3
14.1
12.9
13.9
13.8
12.0
12.1
15.8
12.2
13.5
11.5
13.7
12.7
11.8
14.5
12.3
15.9
14.7
10.5
11.6
11.9
12.7
11.3
10.4
10.3
12.9
10.7
12.1
9.5
5.9
8.9
4.9
4.8
6.0
4.8
4.3
4.6
9.0
3.0
4.4
3.7
5.0
4.7
3.6
3.7
4.2
4.1
5.8
4.6
6.6
4.9
3.9
4.5
3.7
4.0
3.1
3.8
4.7
4.5
4.4
3.9
2.2
9.4
2.9
3.4
2.7
3.7
2.3
3.7
2.0
3.4
6.8
1,116
157
1,150
603
8,355
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.4
15.8
14.0
12.2
15.2
11.2
14.3
12.2
9.3
14.8
2.4
5.1
3.2
2.0
3.0
11.2
7.8
11.6
9.1
12.1
3.9
5.1
6.1
4.3
6.3
8.7
11.6
12.8
9.2
10.8
19.9
18.8
18.7
21.5
16.0
9.3
2.4
5.4
9.7
6.1
8.8
6.8
5.5
10.4
5.5
7.4
7.2
5.6
6.4
5.2
4.7
5.1
5.0
5.7
5.0
Men
Alabama .............................
Alaska .................................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
Men–Continued
Colorado .............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware ............................
District of Columbia ............
Florida .................................
1,129
835
186
117
3,632
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.3
17.2
17.6
22.4
14.9
15.7
14.8
13.6
23.8
11.5
4.0
3.3
3.2
4.4
2.6
12.6
12.3
9.1
6.7
14.2
5.5
5.2
6.8
7.7
5.6
10.7
11.4
11.4
16.9
12.9
18.0
16.5
17.2
6.5
18.5
4.5
6.7
5.8
1.5
4.0
5.8
4.9
8.1
5.9
6.6
4.6
5.2
5.3
3.6
5.6
3.4
2.4
1.7
.5
3.6
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
Maine ..................................
1,990
279
330
3,149
1,614
795
701
964
1,009
329
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.0
13.7
11.7
14.9
14.0
11.2
16.2
14.3
11.9
14.5
11.0
11.4
11.1
13.2
11.1
10.0
14.0
10.9
10.9
10.8
3.1
2.6
2.8
2.4
1.9
3.1
2.5
3.2
3.8
1.7
10.6
9.7
10.5
11.8
9.8
10.5
10.6
10.0
9.8
10.0
5.5
6.8
4.0
6.1
4.7
4.4
4.8
5.1
5.6
4.7
7.7
19.5
9.3
10.5
8.8
8.6
9.8
7.1
9.3
9.0
20.2
17.2
21.6
17.3
20.9
17.4
17.2
19.1
21.9
21.9
7.2
2.1
5.8
8.2
12.4
9.1
6.7
9.2
7.3
7.4
8.5
6.3
7.5
7.4
7.4
8.8
6.0
9.9
9.9
7.4
7.0
5.2
6.6
5.8
6.0
7.2
5.2
7.4
6.5
6.3
3.2
5.6
9.2
2.3
2.8
9.6
7.2
3.7
3.1
6.4
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
1,370
1,637
2,555
1,368
633
1,427
228
472
471
338
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.7
16.8
12.6
16.2
12.7
11.7
14.6
12.8
14.9
14.9
18.8
16.6
14.1
12.1
10.3
11.0
12.2
9.6
10.3
14.2
3.7
2.9
3.2
2.9
3.2
3.3
1.6
2.2
2.7
3.7
11.3
10.2
10.5
11.4
10.4
11.1
11.1
11.7
10.1
12.0
5.1
6.8
4.2
5.0
4.1
6.0
4.1
5.7
4.7
6.6
10.7
11.4
8.5
8.7
7.3
8.8
9.5
8.1
20.7
8.2
16.4
17.5
19.4
19.1
21.5
21.0
17.5
16.6
18.8
21.2
2.8
6.3
11.9
6.2
10.0
8.0
3.8
6.1
3.1
7.8
5.1
5.0
6.9
6.6
10.6
7.3
7.9
6.8
6.3
5.2
4.7
4.7
5.9
5.4
6.2
5.8
5.4
5.7
6.0
4.2
2.6
1.9
2.8
6.5
3.8
6.1
12.3
14.6
2.5
1.7
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
North Dakota ......................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
2,129
420
4,416
1,976
179
2,904
830
902
3,006
247
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.2
13.0
16.0
12.8
10.6
14.0
12.8
12.4
16.0
14.1
13.5
13.8
13.8
9.5
9.3
12.0
11.3
12.3
13.8
15.0
3.6
4.7
2.4
3.2
2.2
3.2
2.6
1.8
2.4
3.4
13.4
11.3
11.4
10.7
13.9
10.3
10.2
10.6
10.6
11.4
6.6
4.3
7.2
5.3
3.0
5.4
6.6
4.6
5.3
4.6
11.4
12.3
14.5
7.6
8.5
9.8
9.7
10.0
9.7
12.1
15.0
20.1
15.9
22.6
15.4
18.8
20.0
19.2
18.2
18.2
6.1
3.1
5.3
9.7
5.2
10.5
6.3
9.1
8.1
8.7
6.7
7.4
6.1
8.1
8.8
7.1
6.8
7.6
7.7
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.0
6.3
4.4
5.9
7.2
6.7
6.4
5.3
1.4
4.9
2.3
4.2
18.8
2.9
6.5
5.8
2.0
2.2
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Vermont ..............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia ......................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
967
199
1,339
5,164
557
160
1,729
1,574
403
1,492
130
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.8
11.9
15.5
14.1
14.2
15.0
18.1
16.0
11.7
14.0
12.6
10.0
9.7
10.0
12.2
12.6
13.8
15.2
14.5
11.8
11.9
11.2
2.7
2.4
3.1
3.0
3.9
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.4
2.6
2.0
9.5
11.5
9.7
11.6
12.1
10.8
10.6
11.3
10.7
9.9
9.5
4.6
4.0
4.5
6.0
6.3
5.0
5.1
5.1
4.9
4.2
3.3
8.7
9.5
9.0
9.0
8.7
8.8
9.6
8.5
8.9
8.5
10.5
25.3
17.6
19.0
20.0
21.2
19.8
17.9
17.7
22.3
18.6
20.5
9.8
6.2
10.1
5.9
5.0
6.6
5.2
5.5
5.9
11.6
4.6
7.1
6.4
8.5
7.7
6.1
6.8
6.5
6.7
10.4
7.8
11.3
7.0
5.7
6.0
5.6
5.8
4.9
5.7
6.7
7.3
5.9
5.7
3.6
15.0
4.6
5.0
4.2
5.5
3.2
5.0
2.7
5.0
8.9
948
134
914
544
6,611
959
800
178
120
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.6
16.9
13.8
11.0
16.2
18.4
15.7
15.2
21.8
15.7
18.9
15.3
13.4
17.1
15.3
17.7
15.6
25.3
3.8
3.1
3.7
4.1
3.3
3.9
4.1
4.6
3.7
15.1
13.1
13.9
12.1
13.4
13.8
13.1
12.7
7.5
23.6
26.0
27.0
21.0
23.5
24.6
24.3
27.3
22.3
14.7
16.1
17.0
19.6
15.6
15.2
15.8
17.2
16.9
2.8
1.4
2.2
2.7
2.2
2.0
2.1
1.5
.8
9.8
1.5
3.8
10.9
5.1
2.5
4.6
3.0
1.0
.7
.5
.9
.8
.7
.8
.7
.6
.3
2.1
1.7
1.2
3.0
1.4
2.2
1.3
1.0
.2
.9
.8
1.0
1.4
1.4
1.3
.6
1.1
.1
Women
Alabama .............................
Alaska .................................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
Colorado .............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware ............................
District of Columbia ............
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
Women–Continued
Florida .................................
3,136
100.0
14.6
15.4
3.8
14.7
25.5
18.3
1.9
2.9
.9
1.3
.7
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
Maine ..................................
1,740
275
269
2,692
1,371
731
613
860
891
294
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.6
13.4
11.5
14.5
11.5
11.5
14.5
13.8
12.6
12.6
17.0
15.0
16.1
16.6
15.0
16.2
16.8
16.6
14.8
16.5
3.5
2.2
3.1
2.9
4.4
4.5
3.3
3.4
3.6
2.9
12.9
16.9
11.3
13.5
13.1
13.4
11.5
13.0
13.6
12.8
23.4
25.2
22.9
26.3
24.3
23.3
24.9
22.4
24.0
24.1
16.5
21.2
19.5
16.3
15.5
19.1
18.1
19.2
22.5
18.3
1.9
1.4
2.8
2.1
3.0
1.7
2.4
1.9
1.6
3.0
6.9
2.4
5.2
4.7
7.5
4.3
4.3
5.7
3.5
6.2
1.1
.3
1.4
1.0
1.0
1.1
.9
1.2
1.5
.8
1.7
.7
2.6
1.6
3.6
2.2
1.4
1.9
1.5
1.7
.5
1.2
3.8
.6
1.0
2.6
2.0
.9
.7
1.1
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
1,277
1,493
2,221
1,171
560
1,339
202
410
376
287
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.5
15.3
12.3
14.7
8.5
12.1
11.9
11.9
14.2
13.5
21.6
21.3
15.6
16.7
18.5
19.1
16.3
16.0
13.3
18.3
4.1
3.7
3.8
3.5
2.9
3.9
2.9
4.2
2.5
2.2
12.8
11.3
13.0
12.8
12.4
13.7
13.7
11.2
17.6
12.9
25.2
24.1
24.6
22.8
23.1
24.3
23.1
23.3
24.6
22.9
15.8
15.6
17.9
19.1
19.0
16.1
22.0
20.0
21.2
16.5
1.2
1.8
2.3
2.3
3.1
2.4
2.1
2.8
1.6
3.7
2.8
4.4
7.1
3.3
8.8
4.1
1.9
4.5
2.2
6.5
.4
.8
.5
.8
.9
.6
.6
.5
1.0
1.1
.9
1.4
2.2
1.6
1.9
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.2
1.4
.7
.4
.6
2.4
.8
1.5
3.6
3.6
.5
.8
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
North Dakota ......................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
1,849
349
3,827
1,729
160
2,544
704
729
2,667
231
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.9
13.7
13.5
11.7
11.7
12.4
13.8
14.0
12.5
13.1
17.8
18.5
19.0
17.1
15.8
16.3
16.6
15.8
17.7
18.8
3.9
3.6
3.9
3.5
3.8
4.3
3.6
3.4
3.9
4.1
14.4
14.0
11.7
12.1
12.1
13.0
12.0
14.2
12.4
12.2
26.1
23.7
25.1
22.1
24.3
23.2
25.3
22.4
24.6
24.1
15.0
19.9
18.3
15.7
21.6
19.9
18.0
19.0
18.8
17.1
1.5
1.7
1.8
3.0
1.1
2.2
1.9
2.0
1.8
2.2
4.4
1.9
4.4
11.0
1.8
4.9
4.4
4.2
4.7
6.2
.9
.9
.7
.8
.8
.9
1.2
.7
.9
.3
1.4
.8
1.1
1.8
1.1
2.0
1.5
2.1
1.9
1.4
.7
1.4
.6
1.0
5.8
.8
1.8
2.2
.9
.5
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Vermont ..............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia ......................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
860
181
1,223
4,186
451
153
1,542
1,272
346
1,329
107
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.3
10.9
12.5
12.4
12.3
11.8
14.3
17.0
11.1
12.2
11.4
17.6
15.8
15.3
17.8
17.5
19.5
18.3
17.7
16.5
17.2
17.3
3.8
3.1
3.6
3.5
2.7
2.5
3.0
4.2
4.9
4.2
3.3
13.8
13.0
14.3
13.7
13.3
14.1
13.2
13.4
14.2
11.9
13.1
21.1
20.5
22.5
24.1
29.2
22.1
24.2
22.6
24.4
24.6
22.5
16.0
22.7
15.7
19.2
15.0
18.8
16.2
16.0
21.1
16.6
22.6
2.8
2.7
3.5
1.9
2.3
2.3
2.1
1.1
1.9
1.8
1.9
9.1
5.4
7.5
3.8
4.5
5.3
4.4
2.8
3.1
6.1
1.1
1.3
.8
1.2
.9
.6
.5
1.5
.8
.5
1.0
.9
2.5
1.9
2.9
1.4
1.6
1.3
1.6
2.2
1.3
2.7
1.7
.7
3.2
1.1
1.3
.9
1.8
1.2
2.1
1.1
1.7
4.2
Alabama ............................. 1,564
Alaska .................................
246
Arizona ............................... 1,892
Arkansas .............................
977
California ............................ 12,188
Colorado ............................. 1,952
Connecticut ......................... 1,426
Delaware ............................
278
District of Columbia ............
99
Florida ................................. 5,723
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.8
16.4
14.4
12.8
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.7
29.7
16.2
14.5
17.7
13.7
11.9
15.7
15.8
17.1
15.2
36.4
13.9
3.1
4.4
3.6
3.0
2.9
4.1
3.5
3.7
5.1
3.3
14.2
10.7
12.9
11.2
12.7
13.4
13.1
11.8
7.1
15.0
14.2
14.3
15.2
12.8
13.3
14.1
13.3
15.8
9.2
14.7
9.0
11.7
14.0
11.8
12.8
12.3
12.4
12.8
9.6
13.5
12.9
11.3
11.4
13.5
10.0
10.7
9.9
10.7
1.1
11.1
7.1
2.1
4.3
9.4
5.7
3.5
5.7
3.6
.4
3.2
4.4
3.8
3.6
5.4
3.6
3.4
2.8
3.8
.5
3.7
3.5
4.6
3.5
4.4
3.6
3.2
3.1
3.0
.6
3.3
3.4
3.1
3.4
3.9
3.9
2.5
1.5
1.9
.3
2.1
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
100.0
100.0
17.8
17.9
15.7
17.9
3.5
2.8
13.2
13.4
14.3
12.7
9.2
18.0
12.1
7.9
5.1
1.4
3.8
1.9
2.9
2.7
2.4
3.4
White
See footnotes at end of table.
2,615
158
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
White–Continued
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
Maine ..................................
587
4,943
2,768
1,465
1,196
1,674
1,371
615
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.7
15.5
12.7
11.6
15.6
14.5
13.6
13.6
13.4
14.7
12.9
12.8
15.4
14.1
14.7
13.5
3.0
2.6
3.1
3.8
2.8
3.4
4.3
2.3
10.9
12.9
11.4
11.8
11.5
11.4
12.5
11.2
12.5
15.0
14.1
13.7
14.1
12.9
14.6
13.9
13.7
12.1
11.5
13.4
12.7
11.8
11.0
13.4
13.3
10.9
13.0
10.0
10.6
11.4
13.7
12.9
5.4
6.7
9.9
6.5
5.3
7.0
4.2
6.8
4.7
4.2
4.5
5.1
3.5
6.0
5.5
4.3
4.7
3.8
4.9
4.8
3.4
4.9
3.6
4.1
6.8
1.7
2.1
6.5
5.2
2.6
2.4
3.9
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
1,931
2,908
4,152
2,420
797
2,502
406
834
749
606
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.3
16.4
13.1
15.6
13.2
12.1
13.5
12.4
15.5
14.3
21.6
18.8
14.8
14.1
16.8
14.8
14.4
12.6
12.0
16.1
3.7
3.1
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.6
2.2
3.2
2.7
3.1
12.9
11.2
12.2
12.0
12.9
12.7
12.7
11.7
13.7
12.6
13.3
15.2
13.4
13.1
14.9
14.2
12.7
13.7
13.4
14.1
11.4
12.7
11.9
13.4
9.2
11.3
15.1
13.5
19.0
12.1
9.7
10.3
12.1
11.8
13.6
12.8
10.1
10.4
11.7
13.3
2.4
4.9
8.9
4.4
5.6
6.1
2.8
4.7
2.7
6.8
2.0
3.0
3.9
3.9
5.1
4.2
4.5
4.0
3.9
3.4
2.8
3.1
4.2
3.8
2.9
3.9
3.8
3.9
3.6
3.0
2.0
1.3
2.0
4.8
2.4
4.2
8.3
10.0
1.7
1.3
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
North Dakota ......................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
3,262
692
6,550
2,862
327
4,855
1,301
1,525
5,154
447
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.5
13.9
15.9
13.9
11.0
13.9
13.9
13.1
14.7
14.2
15.3
16.1
16.8
14.1
12.5
14.1
14.2
14.0
15.6
17.0
3.5
4.2
3.1
3.4
3.0
3.8
2.9
2.7
3.1
3.8
14.6
12.7
12.2
12.3
13.4
11.8
11.6
12.1
11.5
12.2
15.8
13.1
15.0
13.0
13.1
13.6
15.1
12.7
13.9
14.3
11.8
15.3
14.2
9.1
14.4
13.5
12.6
13.7
13.3
13.9
9.6
11.3
9.8
14.9
8.7
11.5
11.7
11.8
11.1
10.5
4.9
2.3
4.8
8.4
3.2
7.6
5.2
6.5
6.6
6.6
3.8
4.6
3.5
4.1
5.0
4.1
4.3
4.6
4.5
2.8
3.1
2.9
3.0
3.8
2.7
4.1
3.9
4.6
4.2
3.2
1.2
3.6
1.7
3.0
13.0
2.1
4.7
4.2
1.5
1.4
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Vermont ..............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia ......................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
1,346
361
2,058
7,977
963
308
2,544
2,599
729
2,674
232
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.6
11.7
14.9
14.1
13.5
13.5
18.0
16.7
11.6
13.3
12.1
15.3
12.9
13.5
14.6
15.2
16.4
17.9
16.1
13.8
14.7
14.0
3.6
2.8
3.3
3.3
3.3
2.7
3.0
3.4
4.1
3.5
2.6
12.6
12.4
12.7
12.4
12.8
12.2
13.0
12.1
12.3
11.0
11.1
13.0
11.8
12.1
13.9
16.7
13.4
13.2
13.0
14.0
13.9
12.0
9.4
14.9
10.2
12.4
11.3
13.8
10.9
11.3
14.5
11.3
15.7
16.0
10.6
12.5
12.5
12.6
11.3
10.8
10.6
13.0
10.7
12.1
7.3
5.7
8.7
4.8
4.4
6.0
4.1
4.1
4.3
8.9
3.1
3.6
3.6
4.9
4.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4.3
6.0
4.7
6.6
3.6
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.9
3.1
2.9
4.5
4.5
4.4
3.8
2.0
9.7
3.5
3.7
2.8
3.8
2.4
3.8
2.0
3.6
6.8
Alabama .............................
Alaska .................................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
Colorado .............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware ............................
District of Columbia ............
Florida .................................
478
9
76
150
864
68
185
76
133
894
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.5
18.6
13.9
4.6
14.6
6.9
9.2
12.0
16.5
5.5
8.8
8.9
7.9
6.9
15.1
11.4
9.1
12.2
15.5
8.0
3.0
2.1
2.4
2.9
2.6
2.8
4.2
4.0
3.2
2.5
9.3
10.4
11.1
6.3
10.8
7.3
10.5
7.4
7.2
10.8
9.3
14.4
18.6
8.8
21.9
22.6
24.5
20.2
19.3
16.7
19.3
33.1
25.8
28.6
16.5
18.1
21.9
19.1
22.5
27.0
9.8
5.3
5.4
7.1
8.4
8.5
6.9
6.7
5.6
9.0
17.7
.3
5.0
15.6
1.0
4.7
4.2
7.4
1.9
5.2
7.6
1.8
3.1
8.9
4.2
9.3
3.5
7.1
5.0
5.8
8.9
2.7
6.3
7.7
4.4
8.0
4.3
3.9
2.9
6.0
1.9
2.4
.4
2.6
.7
.2
1.8
1
( )
.4
3.5
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
1,058
10
712
191
35
76
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.2
9.1
9.7
14.1
6.5
15.1
9.3
10.4
11.9
11.9
10.5
10.3
2.7
.1
2.5
2.9
1.6
2.1
7.7
19.6
10.1
11.4
16.2
5.7
13.3
22.9
19.9
10.9
9.1
18.4
18.0
12.0
20.6
17.7
22.8
24.4
11.0
4.2
7.4
7.5
3.1
8.5
11.8
.6
5.7
13.8
14.2
8.1
8.2
17.1
6.5
5.2
9.1
3.8
8.2
4.0
5.3
4.0
6.8
3.1
.7
( 1)
.3
.6
1
( )
.7
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
Black–Continued
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
134
497
100.0
100.0
8.4
7.7
5.2
6.4
2.8
2.4
12.8
9.2
17.4
13.5
25.4
27.8
5.4
9.2
14.3
9.2
4.0
7.6
4.0
5.9
.2
1.1
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
618
135
506
61
381
230
24
48
7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.5
11.9
7.7
15.4
5.8
9.1
14.6
6.5
14.4
13.3
15.1
10.5
18.2
8.7
15.7
8.4
6.3
27.5
4.0
5.2
3.5
( 1)
2.7
2.9
2.0
.5
( 1)
8.6
4.4
7.9
14.2
7.6
9.4
8.2
10.8
3.1
20.9
15.4
16.4
18.1
9.3
22.2
21.4
19.3
17.8
19.0
26.6
21.7
20.5
20.0
23.1
20.3
37.6
18.6
7.5
6.0
7.6
3.5
11.5
4.1
4.9
4.5
5.2
3.9
9.5
15.2
4.5
17.3
5.1
12.5
3.3
9.2
5.8
2.3
4.9
3.7
8.0
2.6
2.2
4.4
( 1)
3.6
3.5
4.1
2.0
7.0
5.1
5.2
6.6
4.2
1.0
.1
.3
( 1)
2.1
.8
.4
.3
( 1)
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
523
12
1,199
717
506
108
27
416
24
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.6
16.2
8.4
6.9
8.1
9.2
20.1
11.0
5.9
13.2
14.8
12.0
8.7
9.9
11.8
9.0
11.8
11.1
3.9
8.0
2.6
3.4
3.1
4.4
1.1
3.1
2.7
9.4
19.2
8.0
8.3
10.0
9.3
18.8
9.2
6.9
17.0
9.0
20.2
15.1
15.6
18.9
3.6
21.5
12.8
23.3
15.6
28.0
19.6
24.1
21.3
25.1
24.0
21.9
5.0
11.5
8.1
7.4
8.1
7.4
4.8
4.5
10.4
7.5
( 1)
4.1
16.2
10.6
6.4
6.2
4.4
19.8
6.5
.2
4.1
7.4
4.8
2.4
8.9
4.7
1.3
4.4
5.6
4.1
5.6
4.8
8.3
2.0
5.1
7.2
.2
( 1)
.4
1.4
.8
.5
.3
.8
1
( )
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia ......................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
465
4
479
1,037
6
624
51
15
96
2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.4
3.5
11.0
8.4
45.0
9.1
11.0
4.0
11.0
9.4
8.4
2.2
8.6
12.5
1.5
10.0
13.5
11.1
5.9
3.4
2.0
( 1)
3.9
3.1
4.8
2.1
8.2
6.1
( 1)
.7
8.1
7.6
8.4
10.6
3.5
7.4
7.5
13.0
8.0
22.2
10.8
4.6
17.5
17.8
6.9
17.7
8.5
13.1
9.9
8.5
20.0
19.6
20.5
22.5
20.3
20.0
19.8
21.7
33.2
24.6
11.3
14.6
7.8
7.9
3.2
9.9
8.6
9.0
12.2
14.4
15.9
24.2
8.8
5.0
1.9
7.9
6.3
17.1
10.9
( 1)
6.6
13.7
5.1
6.6
13.0
6.1
5.7
( 1)
2.7
5.7
8.7
9.9
7.7
4.2
( 1)
7.7
7.8
3.5
5.0
6.9
2.8
( 1)
.6
1.2
1
( )
2.1
3.1
1.4
1.2
4.2
Alabama .............................
Alaska .................................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
Colorado .............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware ............................
District of Columbia ............
Florida .................................
17
6
524
21
3,990
264
101
10
16
1,146
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.5
4.0
6.4
5.6
7.4
9.8
4.5
10.3
13.3
12.2
4.0
15.6
6.1
4.0
5.6
7.4
6.5
2.2
15.6
8.8
2.0
3.1
2.9
( 1)
1.8
2.4
2.5
7.5
1.9
2.4
21.3
5.1
10.5
6.7
9.3
9.6
9.4
13.3
1.8
14.0
13.7
13.3
13.3
6.0
11.8
14.3
13.6
8.4
12.5
14.8
15.3
21.1
19.1
18.8
19.0
20.0
22.6
29.3
44.2
17.5
8.5
15.6
15.5
16.3
12.5
14.4
11.7
3.4
4.8
11.1
7.6
6.1
7.8
25.9
13.4
7.6
17.1
7.1
2.7
6.0
.1
4.3
4.2
.3
4.7
3.2
4.7
4.2
.8
5.3
13.2
9.5
5.9
15.9
6.0
7.3
6.3
11.3
2.5
5.0
1.8
2.2
8.3
.3
8.5
4.0
1.0
3.1
( 1)
3.0
Georgia ...............................
Hawaii .................................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa ....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky .............................
Louisiana ............................
77
14
39
495
55
21
54
19
44
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.1
11.8
4.8
7.0
13.4
4.0
10.6
12.8
7.8
11.6
9.1
2.8
5.9
9.1
10.2
5.6
16.9
13.5
2.3
( 1)
.9
1.8
4.0
( 1)
1.4
( 1)
1.0
7.9
12.9
4.2
7.3
6.7
6.0
12.2
( 1)
9.1
9.5
12.6
9.6
11.6
9.1
8.3
8.9
5.2
8.0
16.2
28.4
14.4
17.3
11.0
29.0
20.3
25.0
22.7
18.6
5.8
16.6
15.2
12.2
14.6
18.4
16.3
11.5
7.4
3.6
13.0
19.3
24.0
14.4
12.4
1.1
3.4
1.6
5.0
5.7
4.0
.5
1.4
2.1
( 1)
9.9
12.0
6.5
13.1
8.6
10.1
10.8
5.6
3.0
.7
2.8
4.3
14.9
1.9
( 1)
1.3
2.5
19.7
12.2
Maryland .............................
Massachusetts ....................
Michigan .............................
Minnesota ...........................
Mississippi ..........................
119
117
123
55
21
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.1
4.0
9.0
6.5
11.9
16.0
7.5
8.0
7.0
7.9
5.9
1.3
2.2
1.0
( 1)
8.8
4.7
9.0
3.0
15.1
3.4
12.4
10.8
5.5
14.3
28.3
32.0
19.9
37.9
9.7
13.3
11.8
9.2
12.7
19.1
4.3
16.4
19.8
16.3
9.4
( 1)
2.7
3.4
2.1
( 1)
4.5
7.1
7.4
8.0
11.9
3.5
.3
1.3
1
( )
.7
Hispanic origin
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Total employed
Managerial and
professional specialty
Executive,
Population group and State
adminisNumber
(in thou- Percent
trative,
and mansands)
agerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and
Sales
specialty related
support
Operators, fabricators, and
laborers
Precision
Handlers,
Farming,
equipService producAdminisMachine
forestry,
tion,
ment
Transporoccupatrative
operators,
and fishtation and cleaners,
tions
craft, and
support,
asseming
repair
material helpers,
including
blers, and
and
moving
clerical
inspectors
laborers
Hispanic
origin–Continued
Missouri ..............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska ............................
Nevada ...............................
New Hampshire ..................
44
8
28
107
7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
10.2
13.1
7.0
4.7
21.9
6.9
9.7
6.4
2.1
7.8
6.3
( 1)
1.4
.7
( 1)
2.7
7.8
7.7
6.3
1.0
19.2
8.8
2.5
9.5
19.0
21.2
22.8
23.2
43.2
22.7
10.2
10.7
15.6
11.4
4.4
14.3
4.7
20.0
5.8
12.7
( 1)
2.9
3.6
4.1
7.0
2.5
4.9
10.8
7.6
3.4
6.6
14.5
1.9
4.5
( 1)
New Jersey .........................
New Mexico ........................
New York ............................
North Carolina ....................
North Dakota ......................
Ohio ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania ......................
Rhode Island ......................
420
284
1,044
101
3
74
38
121
111
24
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.5
8.6
7.6
3.5
4.0
13.6
14.2
3.7
6.9
7.3
5.2
7.7
7.8
4.3
6.9
11.3
5.6
1.7
6.8
2.3
2.6
3.1
1.6
2.1
( 1)
5.2
.9
.7
1.3
2.4
12.6
12.9
7.6
2.3
8.6
12.6
7.2
5.8
11.1
1.4
14.5
13.8
15.2
5.0
4.9
9.4
8.1
6.5
14.5
5.6
20.8
21.7
25.7
10.9
37.0
11.6
24.0
21.5
16.2
18.5
8.2
14.3
10.3
25.8
1.7
13.4
11.9
12.5
11.5
12.1
16.6
4.1
10.7
19.5
11.4
13.2
6.2
16.2
15.1
38.1
5.6
5.4
5.2
.9
4.1
3.8
1.6
2.2
4.1
2.0
5.9
4.7
6.4
9.2
5.1
3.1
11.4
10.4
9.9
8.8
.5
3.7
1.9
16.6
16.4
2.7
8.9
18.9
2.7
1.6
South Carolina ....................
South Dakota ......................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Utah ....................................
Vermont ..............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
Wisconsin ...........................
Wyoming .............................
31
3
29
2,518
60
2
104
125
67
11
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.4
.3
6.1
7.1
4.3
9.9
10.8
4.4
9.0
3.6
11.1
11.4
11.9
7.1
3.5
32.5
7.1
11.1
9.0
4.5
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
1.8
3.1
( 1)
2.8
1.0
5.8
.1
4.0
12.8
6.8
9.1
3.7
23.5
7.8
10.0
5.4
9.4
13.4
17.8
7.8
12.6
11.4
2.1
7.8
6.0
12.7
16.4
24.9
13.8
36.8
19.3
15.8
9.8
33.0
15.3
11.8
28.5
22.4
8.7
7.1
17.5
24.1
( 1)
12.8
7.4
8.5
14.1
12.3
6.8
1.7
8.3
18.0
10.4
2.8
7.0
26.8
3.0
( 1)
7.5
5.9
5.6
1.7
( 1)
4.8
4.7
2.7
4.6
2.4
8.5
7.7
6.6
10.1
( 1)
7.6
8.9
8.3
9.5
3.1
12.4
8.1
5.0
4.3
11.8
2.7
24.1
( 1)
6.4
1 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total
employed.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to
displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not
presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Employment status and
State
Manufacturing
Total2
Total3
Total4
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communications,
Nondurable and public utiligoods
ties
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services5
Government
Agriculture
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Alabama ............................... 2,164
Alaska ...................................
315
Arizona ................................. 2,159
Arkansas ............................... 1,205
California .............................. 15,862
Colorado ............................... 2,155
Connecticut ........................... 1,718
Delaware ..............................
379
District of Columbia ..............
256
Florida ................................... 7,079
2,093
312
2,082
1,146
15,099
2,091
1,689
373
251
6,863
1,648
191
1,646
885
11,476
1,656
1,405
308
162
5,560
117
20
141
63
695
132
74
19
6
456
440
12
249
250
2,448
250
302
56
5
602
238
4
181
130
1,500
158
205
18
( 6)
378
201
8
68
121
948
92
97
38
4
223
107
24
113
66
806
122
88
20
14
435
444
52
484
240
2,894
425
305
72
30
1,627
93
10
134
44
843
132
138
43
13
507
435
65
513
219
3,753
581
497
98
93
1,928
301
85
282
168
2,094
268
180
47
75
870
52
( 6)
61
45
570
6
( )
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
155
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
3,892
588
632
6,103
3,088
1,574
1,364
1,920
2,009
658
3,779
566
585
5,981
3,023
1,463
1,289
1,860
1,941
636
2,990
408
430
4,881
2,532
1,155
970
1,481
1,499
488
205
35
41
317
148
60
57
109
128
30
716
21
100
1,056
767
266
195
326
221
108
324
( 6)
52
618
558
163
108
186
94
50
392
16
48
438
209
103
87
141
127
58
309
43
28
421
157
64
72
109
116
25
712
131
123
1,145
626
325
251
387
399
133
212
30
23
416
160
92
75
86
79
34
832
148
110
1,517
667
345
313
439
493
157
566
105
102
741
335
197
220
262
302
80
74
20
42
95
( 6)
105
67
44
42
16
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
2,781
3,250
4,971
2,619
1,258
2,874
453
905
882
644
2,703
3,194
4,838
2,482
1,224
2,748
415
813
864
632
1,948
2,607
4,011
1,970
939
2,192
271
630
702
491
161
144
225
136
53
160
23
40
71
28
208
516
1,176
400
262
406
37
105
40
134
113
337
956
253
145
244
27
53
25
96
95
179
220
148
117
161
10
52
( 6)
38
134
169
190
129
81
184
17
53
47
( 6)
513
577
1,007
554
215
567
86
181
157
127
180
233
228
162
49
155
13
59
57
34
751
966
1,182
574
264
713
89
192
314
143
577
373
558
323
202
375
86
129
107
81
( 6)
( 6)
93
118
27
117
35
88
( 6)
( 6)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
4,180
817
8,750
3,834
347
5,690
1,596
1,728
5,957
503
4,120
785
8,522
3,707
300
5,549
1,525
1,642
5,829
495
3,377
527
6,568
2,947
226
4,554
1,137
1,280
4,707
410
170
50
373
228
( 6)
257
77
100
257
19
648
43
1,097
896
24
1,180
187
282
1,047
101
268
25
565
427
( 6)
777
115
180
601
65
380
18
532
470
( 6)
403
72
102
446
36
294
40
471
205
19
260
91
76
313
20
849
164
1,593
728
71
1,222
296
362
1,153
93
321
35
673
174
( 6)
277
73
79
327
30
1,093
173
2,355
711
82
1,333
382
380
1,588
147
554
175
1,451
513
52
670
257
204
696
60
40
25
129
104
45
100
65
72
88
( 6)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
1,904
392
2,699
9,824
1,039
325
3,395
2,984
796
2,923
250
1,855
350
2,609
9,397
1,010
311
3,309
2,855
774
2,814
230
1,465
259
2,013
7,271
760
243
2,578
2,184
586
2,261
158
119
16
135
564
66
15
223
190
48
125
14
421
49
502
1,273
136
50
420
434
85
659
12
201
31
283
693
91
35
208
321
44
405
6
220
17
220
580
45
16
212
113
41
253
6
81
15
152
614
49
15
191
147
46
123
15
371
79
551
1,921
208
64
634
617
168
535
50
83
19
121
495
60
13
194
154
34
153
7
388
77
548
2,245
232
86
912
638
178
661
42
288
60
362
1,383
179
34
561
426
137
369
51
( 6)
40
75
333
6
( )
11
( 6)
108
12
101
17
2,064
291
2,065
1,147
1,998
288
1,994
1,092
1,560
174
1,569
837
109
16
136
58
421
10
238
237
231
3
175
124
190
7
63
113
103
23
109
64
413
48
452
225
92
10
130
44
413
60
494
206
296
80
274
163
51
( 6)
56
43
EMPLOYED
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Employment status and
State
Manufacturing
Total2
Total3
Total4
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communications,
Nondurable and public utiligoods
ties
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services5
Government
Agriculture
EMPLOYED–Continued
California .............................. 14,966
Colorado ............................... 2,088
Connecticut ........................... 1,635
Delaware ..............................
364
District of Columbia ..............
237
Florida ................................... 6,768
14,286
2,026
1,609
358
233
6,571
10,781
1,598
1,334
295
149
5,302
618
127
68
18
4
424
2,321
244
290
54
5
576
1,446
154
198
17
( 6)
366
875
90
92
37
4
211
768
119
83
19
13
419
2,680
404
281
67
27
1,532
813
129
132
42
12
493
3,545
561
479
95
87
1,853
2,023
263
175
46
71
847
510
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
144
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
3,730
554
600
5,842
2,985
1,526
1,315
1,824
1,900
623
3,628
535
556
5,728
2,922
1,418
1,242
1,770
1,843
606
2,853
380
406
4,656
2,445
1,115
928
1,401
1,412
463
192
27
38
288
140
56
54
94
115
26
686
20
94
1,015
746
258
188
312
209
105
313
( 6)
49
596
542
159
104
178
91
49
373
15
45
418
204
99
84
135
118
56
302
42
27
411
155
61
70
107
111
23
664
121
116
1,082
596
311
234
368
365
125
209
29
22
406
156
91
73
82
77
33
797
141
105
1,446
644
334
301
415
473
150
558
102
99
723
326
193
218
254
295
77
69
18
39
92
( 6)
102
66
42
37
14
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
2,648
3,129
4,776
2,539
1,193
2,765
430
883
847
625
2,575
3,075
4,654
2,407
1,162
2,642
392
792
831
613
1,834
2,498
3,844
1,904
885
2,095
255
611
673
475
153
127
206
125
50
151
20
38
66
26
196
502
1,133
390
241
389
35
102
38
130
109
330
925
248
134
232
25
52
24
93
87
172
208
142
107
157
10
50
( 6)
37
129
164
185
126
78
176
17
52
45
( 6)
476
548
953
531
200
539
80
174
150
120
174
225
222
160
49
150
13
58
55
34
706
932
1,140
557
255
684
85
185
304
139
568
365
549
317
197
370
83
128
103
80
( 6)
( 6)
87
116
25
115
34
87
( 6)
( 6)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
3,978
769
8,243
3,705
339
5,448
1,534
1,631
5,673
478
3,921
740
8,037
3,583
293
5,316
1,465
1,552
5,560
471
3,201
489
6,152
2,834
220
4,342
1,084
1,201
4,466
388
156
42
323
216
( 6)
229
70
92
223
17
620
40
1,033
864
23
1,136
180
267
1,003
95
257
23
541
413
( 6)
746
112
173
580
61
363
17
492
451
( 6)
390
68
94
423
34
278
38
449
199
18
251
88
73
306
20
801
149
1,477
691
69
1,156
279
334
1,081
87
308
33
640
171
( 6)
269
70
76
319
29
1,036
165
2,225
688
80
1,275
366
356
1,511
141
540
171
1,402
509
52
660
253
196
675
59
40
23
118
101
44
95
63
67
78
( 6)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
1,826
381
2,562
9,350
1,008
313
3,271
2,846
749
2,821
238
1,780
339
2,479
8,954
981
301
3,190
2,729
729
2,716
220
1,396
250
1,892
6,882
735
234
2,474
2,071
547
2,174
149
111
14
120
517
62
13
208
173
39
110
12
408
47
470
1,221
133
49
406
420
81
642
11
194
31
264
671
89
34
199
312
42
398
5
214
17
206
550
44
15
207
108
39
244
6
79
15
148
592
48
14
186
141
45
119
14
347
76
509
1,784
201
61
602
573
156
510
47
80
19
117
477
60
13
190
150
32
150
7
370
75
525
2,135
224
83
878
611
169
638
40
283
59
355
1,353
175
33
548
416
132
362
50
( 6)
40
71
312
( 6)
10
( 6)
97
11
97
16
100
24
94
58
896
67
82
95
23
88
54
813
65
80
89
17
77
48
695
58
71
9
4
5
5
77
5
6
19
2
11
13
127
6
12
7
11
1
5
8
73
2
5
5
1
4
2
38
3
5
32
4
32
14
214
20
24
1
1
4
( 7)
30
3
6
22
5
20
13
208
20
18
5
5
8
5
72
6
6
UNEMPLOYED
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
See footnotes at end of table.
( 7)
6
6
54
4
7
( 6)
1
5
2
60
( 6)
6
( )
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Employment status and
State
Manufacturing
Total2
Total3
Total4
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communications,
Nondurable and public utiligoods
ties
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services5
Government
Agriculture
UNEMPLOYED–Continued
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
15
19
310
15
19
292
13
13
258
1
2
31
2
( 7)
25
1
( 6)
13
1
( 7)
12
1
1
16
5
4
95
1
1
14
3
6
75
1
5
22
( 6)
( 6)
11
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
162
34
32
262
103
48
49
95
108
34
151
31
29
253
101
45
47
90
97
31
136
28
24
225
87
40
42
79
87
25
13
7
3
29
9
4
3
15
12
4
31
1
6
42
21
8
6
14
12
3
11
( 6)
3
22
16
4
4
8
3
1
20
1
3
19
5
4
3
6
9
2
6
2
1
10
2
3
2
3
5
2
48
10
7
63
29
14
17
19
34
8
3
1
1
9
4
1
2
4
1
1
36
7
5
71
22
10
12
24
20
7
9
3
4
19
9
3
3
8
7
3
5
3
3
3
( 6)
2
2
2
6
2
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
133
121
195
80
65
109
23
22
35
20
128
119
184
75
62
106
22
21
34
19
114
109
167
66
54
96
17
19
28
17
9
17
19
11
3
9
3
2
5
2
12
14
42
10
21
16
2
2
1
3
4
7
30
5
11
12
2
1
1
2
8
7
12
6
10
4
( 7)
2
( 6)
1
6
5
6
3
3
8
1
1
2
( 6)
37
30
53
23
16
28
6
7
8
6
6
8
6
2
9
8
10
5
5
5
4
1
3
1
( 6)
( 6)
5
( 7)
( 7)
3
( 7)
45
34
42
17
9
29
4
6
9
4
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
202
48
507
129
8
242
62
97
285
25
199
45
484
124
7
233
60
90
269
24
175
38
416
113
6
212
53
79
241
23
14
8
50
12
( 6)
28
7
8
34
2
28
3
64
33
1
44
7
15
44
6
11
1
25
14
( 6)
31
3
7
21
4
17
1
40
19
( 6)
13
4
8
23
2
16
1
22
6
( 7)
9
3
3
7
1
48
15
116
37
2
65
16
28
72
6
13
2
33
3
( 6)
8
3
3
8
1
57
9
130
23
1
57
16
23
77
6
15
5
50
4
1
10
4
8
21
1
1
2
11
2
1
5
1
5
10
( 6)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
78
11
137
474
31
12
124
138
47
102
12
74
11
130
444
30
11
119
126
45
98
11
69
9
121
389
25
9
104
113
39
87
9
8
2
16
47
4
2
15
17
8
15
1
13
1
33
52
4
1
14
14
4
17
1
7
1
19
22
2
1
9
10
2
8
7
( )
5
1
14
30
1
( 7)
5
5
2
9
7
( )
2
3
4
22
1
( 7)
5
6
1
4
1
25
3
42
137
7
3
32
44
12
24
4
3
17
1
1
4
3
2
3
7
( )
19
2
23
110
8
2
34
27
9
23
3
4
1
7
30
3
1
13
10
5
7
1
( 6)
( 7)
( 6)
21
1
1
( 6)
11
1
3
1
4.6
7.5
4.2
4.8
5.7
3.1
4.8
3.9
7.3
4.4
4.6
7.3
4.1
4.7
5.4
3.1
4.7
3.9
7.3
4.3
5.4
8.8
4.5
5.4
6.1
3.5
5.1
4.3
8.1
4.7
7.4
18.9
3.5
7.8
11.1
4.1
8.6
5.4
26.4
6.9
4.3
13.7
4.2
5.3
5.2
2.3
4.1
4.1
7.6
4.2
3.1
12.6
3.3
4.6
3.6
2.2
3.6
7.5
( 6)
3.4
5.7
14.2
6.7
6.2
7.7
2.5
5.3
2.5
7.2
5.6
4.3
4.3
3.6
3.1
4.7
2.5
5.3
3.6
4.4
3.8
7.2
8.0
6.4
6.0
7.4
4.8
7.8
6.9
12.4
5.9
1.0
4.9
2.9
1.0
3.5
2.2
4.3
2.8
6.2
2.9
5.0
8.1
3.7
5.8
5.6
3.4
3.5
3.2
6.4
3.9
1.7
5.7
2.6
2.9
3.4
2.1
3.1
1.5
5.9
2.6
2.2
( 6)
7.3
4.6
10.5
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
7.4
( 7)
( 7)
( 7)
6
3
2
2
1
1
( 6)
( 6)
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Employment status and
State
Manufacturing
Total2
Total3
Total4
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communications,
Nondurable and public utiligoods
ties
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services5
Government
Agriculture
UNEMPLOYMENT
RATE–Continued
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
4.2
5.8
5.0
4.3
3.3
3.0
3.6
5.0
5.4
5.2
4.0
5.5
4.9
4.2
3.3
3.0
3.7
4.8
5.1
4.8
4.5
6.8
5.6
4.6
3.4
3.4
4.3
5.4
5.9
5.1
6.3
21.3
7.3
9.1
6.0
6.7
4.9
13.6
9.5
13.2
4.3
3.8
6.2
3.9
2.7
2.9
3.3
4.3
5.6
3.1
3.3
( 6)
6.0
3.6
2.9
2.5
3.7
4.3
3.3
2.9
5.1
4.0
6.6
4.4
2.3
3.5
2.9
4.3
7.2
3.4
2.0
4.3
3.1
2.5
1.4
4.3
2.2
2.5
4.5
6.2
6.7
7.8
5.9
5.5
4.7
4.3
6.7
4.9
8.6
5.7
1.4
3.0
3.4
2.3
2.3
.8
2.4
4.5
1.7
2.8
4.3
4.5
4.9
4.7
3.3
3.0
4.0
5.5
4.1
4.7
1.5
2.5
3.5
2.5
2.8
1.7
1.3
3.1
2.4
4.0
6.2
12.8
6.0
3.3
( 6)
2.3
2.6
5.0
13.3
11.5
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
4.8
3.7
4.0
3.0
5.1
3.8
5.1
2.4
3.9
3.0
4.8
3.7
3.9
3.0
5.1
3.9
5.3
2.5
3.9
2.9
5.9
4.2
4.3
3.3
5.7
4.4
6.1
3.0
4.0
3.4
5.3
11.8
8.5
8.0
6.5
5.7
12.9
4.9
7.0
6.0
5.7
2.7
3.7
2.6
8.0
4.0
5.3
2.1
3.5
2.4
3.7
2.1
3.2
1.8
7.6
4.9
5.7
1.3
4.2
2.6
8.1
3.8
5.5
4.0
8.6
2.7
4.3
2.9
( 6)
2.1
4.3
2.9
3.0
2.6
3.9
4.5
4.6
2.2
4.8
( 6)
7.2
5.1
5.4
4.1
7.3
4.9
6.9
3.8
4.8
4.8
3.5
3.5
2.6
1.2
.9
3.1
3.5
.6
4.7
1.2
6.0
3.5
3.6
2.9
3.5
4.1
4.0
3.3
3.0
3.1
1.5
2.1
1.8
1.7
2.7
1.3
4.2
1.1
2.9
1.6
( 6)
( 6)
6.5
2.3
8.1
1.9
2.6
1.1
( 6)
( 6)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
4.9
5.8
5.8
3.4
2.4
4.2
3.9
5.6
4.8
4.9
4.9
5.7
5.7
3.3
2.4
4.2
3.9
5.5
4.6
4.8
5.2
7.2
6.3
3.8
2.8
4.6
4.6
6.1
5.1
5.5
8.2
16.5
13.4
5.1
( 6)
11.0
9.3
7.7
13.0
11.1
4.3
6.0
5.8
3.7
3.0
3.7
4.0
5.2
4.2
6.2
4.1
5.8
4.4
3.2
( 6)
4.0
2.7
3.6
3.5
6.4
4.4
6.2
7.4
4.1
( 6)
3.2
6.1
8.0
5.1
6.0
5.4
3.5
4.6
2.7
1.5
3.4
2.9
3.7
2.3
3.9
5.7
9.1
7.2
5.0
3.3
5.3
5.6
7.6
6.2
6.8
4.0
5.6
4.9
1.8
( 6)
2.8
3.5
3.5
2.3
2.5
5.2
4.9
5.5
3.2
1.8
4.3
4.1
6.1
4.8
4.2
2.6
2.6
3.4
.8
1.6
1.6
1.5
3.8
3.0
1.7
1.7
6.6
8.3
2.3
1.9
4.7
2.3
7.1
11.6
( 6)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
4.1
2.9
5.1
4.8
3.0
3.7
3.7
4.6
5.9
3.5
4.7
4.0
3.1
5.0
4.7
3.0
3.5
3.6
4.4
5.8
3.4
4.5
4.7
3.5
6.0
5.3
3.3
3.9
4.0
5.2
6.7
3.8
5.7
7.1
10.5
11.6
8.2
5.4
11.8
6.8
9.1
17.3
12.0
10.0
3.0
2.5
6.5
4.0
2.7
2.6
3.4
3.3
4.7
2.5
5.6
3.7
2.0
6.7
3.2
2.5
2.9
4.4
3.1
4.6
1.9
4.0
2.4
3.4
6.2
5.1
3.1
2.0
2.5
4.0
5.0
3.6
7.0
2.3
1.4
2.7
3.5
2.1
3.1
2.6
4.2
2.4
3.1
3.8
6.7
3.7
7.5
7.1
3.6
4.5
5.0
7.1
7.2
4.5
7.1
3.5
1.3
2.6
3.5
1.4
3.9
2.1
2.2
5.2
2.0
.3
4.8
3.2
4.2
4.9
3.7
2.8
3.7
4.2
5.2
3.5
5.9
1.5
2.2
1.8
2.2
2.0
1.9
2.3
2.4
3.5
1.9
1.7
( 6)
1.2
5.4
6.3
( 6)
5.3
( 6)
10.5
9.2
3.4
5.6
1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
2 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family
workers, and mining.
3 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
4 Includes mining.
5 Excludes private household workers.
6 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample
in that area. See appendix B.
7 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed rates because of
rounding.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
TOTAL
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
2,064
291
2,065
1,147
14,966
2,088
1,635
364
237
6,768
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.8
99.1
96.6
95.2
95.5
97.0
98.4
98.3
98.4
97.1
75.6
59.9
76.0
73.0
72.0
76.6
81.6
80.9
62.8
78.3
5.3
5.4
6.6
5.1
4.1
6.1
4.2
5.0
1.8
6.3
20.4
3.4
11.5
20.7
15.5
11.7
17.7
14.7
2.1
8.5
11.2
1.1
8.5
10.8
9.7
7.4
12.1
4.6
.4
5.4
9.2
2.3
3.1
9.9
5.8
4.3
5.6
10.2
1.7
3.1
5.0
8.0
5.3
5.6
5.1
5.7
5.1
5.2
5.7
6.2
20.0
16.5
21.9
19.7
17.9
19.4
17.2
18.3
11.3
22.6
4.4
3.4
6.3
3.8
5.4
6.2
8.1
11.5
5.3
7.3
20.0
20.5
23.9
18.0
23.7
26.9
29.3
26.0
36.7
27.4
14.3
27.4
13.3
14.3
13.5
12.6
10.7
12.7
29.9
12.5
2.5
.5
2.7
3.8
3.4
2.3
1.2
1.4
.4
2.1
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
3,730
554
600
5,842
2,985
1,526
1,315
1,824
1,900
623
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.3
96.5
92.7
98.1
97.9
92.9
94.4
97.0
97.0
97.2
76.5
68.6
67.7
79.7
81.9
73.1
70.6
76.8
74.3
74.4
5.1
4.9
6.4
4.9
4.7
3.6
4.1
5.1
6.1
4.2
18.4
3.7
15.6
17.4
25.0
16.9
14.3
17.1
11.0
16.8
8.4
1.0
8.2
10.2
18.1
10.4
7.9
9.7
4.8
7.8
10.0
2.7
7.5
7.2
6.8
6.5
6.4
7.4
6.2
9.0
8.1
7.5
4.5
7.0
5.2
4.0
5.3
5.9
5.8
3.7
17.8
21.8
19.3
18.5
20.0
20.4
17.8
20.1
19.2
20.1
5.6
5.3
3.7
7.0
5.2
6.0
5.6
4.5
4.1
5.4
21.4
25.5
17.5
24.8
21.6
21.9
22.9
22.7
24.9
24.0
15.0
18.4
16.5
12.4
10.9
12.7
16.5
13.9
15.5
12.4
1.9
3.2
6.5
1.6
1.9
6.7
5.0
2.3
1.9
2.2
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
2,648
3,129
4,776
2,539
1,193
2,765
430
883
847
625
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.3
98.2
97.5
94.8
97.4
95.5
91.3
89.7
98.1
98.1
69.3
79.8
80.5
75.0
74.2
75.8
59.2
69.2
79.5
76.0
5.8
4.0
4.3
4.9
4.2
5.5
4.6
4.3
7.8
4.2
7.4
16.1
23.7
15.3
20.2
14.1
8.1
11.6
4.5
20.9
4.1
10.5
19.4
9.8
11.2
8.4
5.9
5.9
2.9
15.0
3.3
5.5
4.4
5.6
9.0
5.7
2.3
5.7
1.7
5.9
4.9
5.2
3.9
5.0
6.5
6.4
3.9
5.9
5.3
3.9
18.0
17.5
20.0
20.9
16.7
19.5
18.7
19.7
17.7
19.3
6.6
7.2
4.6
6.3
4.1
5.4
3.0
6.6
6.5
5.4
26.7
29.8
23.9
22.0
21.4
24.7
19.9
21.0
35.9
22.2
21.5
11.7
11.5
12.5
16.5
13.4
19.2
14.5
12.2
12.8
1.8
1.3
1.8
4.6
2.1
4.1
7.9
9.8
1.7
1.3
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
3,978
769
8,243
3,705
339
5,448
1,534
1,631
5,673
478
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.6
96.2
97.5
96.7
86.4
97.6
95.5
95.1
98.0
98.5
80.5
63.6
74.6
76.5
64.9
79.7
70.7
73.7
78.7
81.1
3.9
5.4
3.9
5.8
3.8
4.2
4.6
5.7
3.9
3.5
15.6
5.3
12.5
23.3
6.8
20.8
11.7
16.4
17.7
19.9
6.5
3.0
6.6
11.1
3.9
13.7
7.3
10.6
10.2
12.8
9.1
2.2
6.0
12.2
3.0
7.2
4.4
5.8
7.5
7.1
7.0
5.0
5.5
5.4
5.4
4.6
5.7
4.5
5.4
4.1
20.1
19.4
17.9
18.7
20.4
21.2
18.2
20.5
19.1
18.2
7.7
4.3
7.8
4.6
3.8
4.9
4.6
4.6
5.6
6.1
26.1
21.4
27.0
18.6
23.7
23.4
23.9
21.8
26.6
29.4
13.6
22.2
17.0
13.7
15.2
12.1
16.5
12.0
11.9
12.3
1.0
3.0
1.4
2.7
12.9
1.7
4.1
4.1
1.4
1.0
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
1,826
381
2,562
9,350
1,008
313
3,271
2,846
749
2,821
238
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
89.1
96.7
95.8
97.3
96.1
97.5
95.9
97.2
96.3
92.4
76.4
65.6
73.9
73.6
72.9
74.8
75.6
72.8
73.0
77.1
62.5
6.1
3.7
4.7
5.5
6.2
4.3
6.3
6.1
5.2
3.9
5.2
22.3
12.5
18.3
13.1
13.2
15.6
12.4
14.8
10.8
22.8
4.7
10.6
8.0
10.3
7.2
8.8
10.7
6.1
10.9
5.6
14.1
2.3
11.7
4.4
8.0
5.9
4.3
4.9
6.3
3.8
5.1
8.7
2.4
4.3
3.8
5.8
6.3
4.7
4.5
5.7
5.0
6.0
4.2
6.0
19.0
20.1
19.9
19.1
19.9
19.5
18.4
20.1
20.8
18.1
19.6
4.4
5.0
4.6
5.1
5.9
4.1
5.8
5.3
4.3
5.3
3.1
20.2
19.6
20.5
22.8
22.2
26.7
26.9
21.5
22.5
22.6
16.6
15.5
15.4
13.9
14.5
17.4
10.6
16.8
14.6
17.7
12.8
21.1
1.8
10.4
2.8
3.3
2.3
3.3
2.0
3.4
1.5
3.4
6.7
1,116
157
1,150
603
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.1
99.2
95.8
94.4
75.8
59.9
77.6
73.3
8.3
8.7
10.6
8.6
24.4
4.3
14.4
24.7
16.1
1.6
10.8
15.1
8.4
2.7
3.6
9.6
7.4
9.6
5.9
8.1
18.4
15.3
22.8
17.9
3.1
1.9
4.2
2.5
13.2
16.3
19.1
11.2
11.8
26.0
11.4
12.0
3.8
.6
4.0
5.5
Men
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
Men–Continued
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
8,355
1,129
835
186
117
3,632
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
94.9
96.8
98.4
98.3
99.3
96.9
73.4
77.9
80.7
82.5
66.1
79.3
6.6
9.7
7.5
8.8
3.3
10.4
18.5
14.7
23.1
19.7
2.2
10.5
12.4
9.5
16.7
7.0
.2
7.1
6.1
5.3
6.5
12.8
2.0
3.4
6.3
7.2
6.6
8.2
8.2
7.8
18.1
20.0
17.3
18.7
12.7
23.4
4.2
4.1
5.9
8.4
6.2
5.4
19.4
21.2
20.2
18.6
33.5
21.6
10.6
11.2
9.8
10.7
26.3
10.2
4.8
3.1
1.6
1.5
.4
3.0
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
1,990
279
330
3,149
1,614
795
701
964
1,009
329
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.8
95.3
91.0
97.9
97.5
90.1
93.0
96.7
97.1
96.5
79.7
69.0
69.4
80.9
82.6
71.8
71.1
79.1
76.8
73.0
8.7
8.6
10.1
8.2
8.0
6.5
7.2
8.7
10.3
7.3
22.8
4.6
19.1
22.1
31.9
23.3
18.8
22.0
15.5
21.9
11.5
1.4
11.2
13.8
24.0
15.0
11.3
13.4
7.8
10.9
11.3
3.2
7.9
8.3
7.9
8.2
7.5
8.6
7.7
11.0
10.4
10.6
5.9
9.1
7.3
5.6
6.9
8.5
8.0
5.2
17.0
20.0
18.1
18.3
18.7
19.6
17.9
18.0
18.3
19.0
4.3
4.5
1.9
5.6
3.0
3.4
4.0
2.9
2.5
3.4
16.4
20.7
13.4
17.3
13.3
13.0
15.7
16.5
16.8
16.1
10.4
15.8
12.8
10.4
9.1
10.3
14.6
11.1
12.0
11.1
2.9
4.4
8.7
2.1
2.5
9.9
6.9
3.3
2.7
3.1
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
1,370
1,637
2,555
1,368
633
1,427
228
472
471
338
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
98.4
97.3
93.6
97.0
93.7
89.1
85.6
97.7
98.4
71.6
80.6
82.9
75.5
76.3
76.2
58.1
68.9
80.7
77.7
10.0
6.9
7.0
8.4
7.4
9.8
7.7
7.5
12.7
7.0
10.0
21.2
32.2
19.4
25.0
19.0
12.0
14.7
5.7
25.2
6.4
14.1
27.3
12.8
15.8
11.8
9.1
8.3
3.7
17.7
3.6
7.1
4.9
6.6
9.2
7.3
2.9
6.4
2.0
7.5
6.2
6.9
5.0
6.0
9.4
9.0
5.2
7.8
6.2
4.5
18.4
17.7
18.9
20.0
14.6
18.4
17.0
19.6
16.6
20.5
4.6
6.2
2.9
4.4
2.7
3.5
1.7
6.1
4.4
3.9
22.3
21.8
16.8
16.2
15.1
16.1
12.8
13.0
32.2
16.5
18.5
10.3
8.8
10.4
12.4
10.9
16.8
11.1
9.9
10.2
2.5
1.6
2.6
6.4
3.0
6.3
10.7
14.4
2.3
1.6
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
2,129
420
4,416
1,976
179
2,904
830
902
3,006
247
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.9
95.7
97.9
96.0
81.1
97.6
93.9
94.8
98.2
98.7
81.4
65.1
75.8
78.3
61.0
80.3
70.1
75.9
78.5
81.3
6.7
8.7
6.7
9.9
6.6
6.7
7.8
9.3
6.9
6.3
19.2
7.2
14.6
26.8
9.2
28.1
15.0
22.0
23.2
25.6
8.6
4.5
8.6
14.0
6.0
19.8
9.6
15.2
14.8
16.1
10.6
2.6
6.0
12.9
3.2
8.3
5.4
6.8
8.4
9.5
9.2
6.9
7.3
7.5
7.8
6.5
7.5
6.4
7.4
6.1
20.3
19.0
19.3
18.7
20.8
18.9
17.2
19.4
18.4
17.8
7.2
2.6
7.2
3.0
2.4
3.5
2.9
3.3
3.7
4.8
18.7
16.1
20.5
12.1
12.6
15.9
16.6
15.4
18.3
20.8
12.2
20.0
15.2
9.7
13.0
11.0
14.3
9.0
10.5
10.4
1.1
4.2
2.0
3.9
18.9
2.3
5.9
5.1
1.7
1.3
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
967
199
1,339
5,164
557
160
1,729
1,574
403
1,492
130
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.6
84.8
96.2
95.0
96.7
95.7
97.1
95.4
97.8
95.3
91.9
80.2
62.6
75.0
75.7
74.0
74.2
77.2
74.3
76.2
77.2
65.5
10.8
6.3
7.9
9.2
10.1
7.2
10.9
9.9
9.3
6.8
7.8
27.9
14.7
21.9
16.6
16.6
20.0
15.3
19.9
15.1
30.0
6.3
14.1
9.4
13.6
9.4
11.7
14.5
8.3
15.4
8.9
19.9
3.3
13.8
5.3
8.3
7.3
4.9
5.5
7.0
4.5
6.2
10.1
3.0
5.5
5.5
8.1
8.1
5.6
6.5
7.7
6.2
8.9
6.0
9.7
17.8
19.7
18.7
18.7
18.7
18.5
17.3
19.0
19.9
17.2
17.5
3.4
3.4
2.9
3.6
4.6
2.4
4.2
3.6
2.4
2.7
1.6
14.8
11.5
15.2
16.9
17.2
19.3
21.5
15.5
15.0
14.2
11.4
10.6
13.9
9.8
11.2
14.6
8.8
14.3
12.6
14.4
10.8
18.2
2.3
15.2
3.8
4.8
3.3
4.2
2.6
4.3
1.8
4.6
7.9
948
134
914
544
6,611
959
800
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.7
99.0
97.5
96.2
96.1
97.3
98.4
75.3
59.8
74.0
72.6
70.4
74.9
82.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.2
1.0
1.8
.7
15.6
2.4
7.9
16.1
11.7
8.1
12.1
5.4
.5
5.5
6.0
6.2
4.9
7.4
10.2
2.0
2.4
10.2
5.5
3.2
4.7
2.1
6.2
4.5
2.7
3.6
4.0
3.6
21.9
17.8
20.8
21.6
17.7
18.6
17.1
6.0
5.1
8.9
5.4
7.0
8.7
10.4
28.0
25.4
29.9
25.5
29.1
33.5
38.7
17.2
29.0
15.7
16.7
17.2
14.2
11.7
.9
.5
1.2
1.8
1.6
1.3
.8
Women
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
Women–Continued
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
178
120
3,136
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.3
97.5
97.3
79.1
59.6
77.3
1.1
.3
1.4
9.5
2.0
6.2
2.0
.6
3.4
7.4
1.5
2.8
2.0
3.2
4.3
17.9
9.9
21.7
14.8
4.3
9.5
33.8
39.9
34.1
14.8
33.3
15.2
1.2
.4
1.2
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
1,740
275
269
2,692
1,371
731
613
860
891
294
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.8
97.8
94.7
98.3
98.4
96.0
96.0
97.4
96.9
97.9
72.8
68.1
65.6
78.3
81.0
74.5
70.0
74.2
71.4
75.9
1.1
1.1
1.8
1.1
.8
.6
.6
1.1
1.3
.8
13.3
2.7
11.4
11.9
16.9
10.0
9.2
11.7
5.9
11.2
4.8
.5
4.5
6.1
11.3
5.3
4.1
5.6
1.4
4.4
8.5
2.2
6.9
5.8
5.6
4.6
5.1
6.1
4.5
6.8
5.5
4.3
2.9
4.6
2.6
2.3
3.5
2.9
3.3
2.1
18.7
23.5
20.9
18.7
21.5
21.2
17.7
22.6
20.2
21.4
7.1
6.1
6.0
8.5
7.8
8.8
7.4
6.2
5.8
7.5
27.1
30.3
22.4
33.4
31.4
31.6
31.1
29.7
34.0
32.9
20.2
21.0
20.9
14.6
13.1
15.2
18.8
17.2
19.5
13.9
.6
1.9
3.8
1.0
1.2
3.3
2.8
1.2
1.0
1.2
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
1,277
1,493
2,221
1,171
560
1,339
202
410
376
287
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
98.1
97.6
96.2
97.9
97.5
93.9
94.4
98.6
97.9
66.8
78.9
77.7
74.4
71.9
75.4
60.6
69.6
78.0
73.9
1.2
1.0
1.2
.9
.6
.8
1.2
.6
1.8
.9
4.6
10.4
14.0
10.6
14.7
8.8
3.8
8.0
3.1
15.8
1.7
6.6
10.3
6.2
6.1
4.8
2.3
3.2
1.8
11.7
2.9
3.8
3.7
4.4
8.7
4.0
1.6
4.8
1.2
4.1
3.4
3.4
2.6
3.7
3.2
3.6
2.3
3.7
4.1
3.2
17.5
17.3
21.2
22.0
19.1
20.7
20.5
19.8
19.0
17.9
8.7
8.3
6.6
8.6
5.7
7.5
4.5
7.2
9.1
7.2
31.4
38.5
32.0
28.7
28.5
33.9
27.8
30.3
40.5
28.9
24.6
13.2
14.6
15.0
21.1
16.1
22.0
18.3
15.2
16.0
1.1
.9
1.0
2.4
1.1
1.9
4.8
4.6
.9
1.1
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
1,849
349
3,827
1,729
160
2,544
704
729
2,667
231
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.3
96.8
97.1
97.4
92.4
97.5
97.4
95.6
97.8
98.3
79.4
61.8
73.3
74.4
69.2
79.0
71.4
70.9
78.9
80.9
.7
1.4
.7
1.1
.6
1.3
.7
1.1
.7
.5
11.4
3.0
10.1
19.3
4.2
12.6
7.8
9.5
11.4
13.8
4.0
1.3
4.3
7.9
1.5
6.7
4.6
4.9
5.1
9.2
7.5
1.7
5.9
11.4
2.7
5.8
3.2
4.5
6.4
4.5
4.4
2.7
3.4
3.0
2.8
2.5
3.7
2.1
3.1
2.0
19.9
19.9
16.3
18.6
20.0
23.9
19.3
21.9
19.8
18.6
8.4
6.3
8.4
6.5
5.5
6.6
6.5
6.3
7.8
7.4
34.5
27.9
34.4
25.9
36.0
32.0
32.4
29.9
36.0
38.6
15.2
24.8
19.1
18.4
17.8
13.4
19.0
15.7
13.5
14.4
.9
1.6
.8
1.4
6.3
1.2
2.0
2.9
1.0
.7
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
860
181
1,223
4,186
451
153
1,542
1,272
346
1,329
107
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.3
93.9
97.3
96.7
98.1
96.6
98.0
96.5
96.5
97.4
93.0
72.1
69.0
72.7
71.0
71.6
75.4
73.9
70.9
69.2
76.9
59.0
.8
.8
1.2
1.0
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.4
.5
.6
2.1
16.1
9.9
14.4
8.7
8.9
11.0
9.1
8.4
5.7
14.6
2.8
6.7
6.5
6.7
4.5
5.2
6.7
3.5
5.4
1.8
7.5
1.0
9.4
3.4
7.7
4.2
3.7
4.2
5.6
2.9
3.9
7.1
1.7
3.1
2.0
3.2
4.1
3.7
2.4
3.4
3.5
2.6
2.2
1.4
20.3
20.5
21.2
19.5
21.4
20.5
19.6
21.5
22.0
19.1
22.1
5.5
6.6
6.4
7.0
7.6
5.9
7.6
7.3
6.5
8.3
4.9
26.4
28.7
26.2
30.1
28.3
34.4
32.9
28.8
31.3
32.0
23.0
21.0
17.1
18.3
18.5
20.7
12.5
19.6
17.1
21.5
15.2
24.6
1.2
5.2
1.7
1.5
1.2
2.3
1.3
2.2
1.2
2.1
5.2
1,564
246
1,892
977
12,188
1,952
1,426
278
99
5,723
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.6
99.1
96.4
95.1
94.8
96.8
98.4
97.9
99.0
97.2
74.8
61.8
76.1
72.9
71.6
76.3
81.3
81.0
65.9
78.7
6.0
5.7
6.7
5.3
4.7
6.2
4.7
5.8
1.7
6.4
18.0
3.7
11.1
19.8
15.0
11.6
18.5
14.3
3.1
8.6
10.6
1.1
8.3
10.4
9.1
7.3
12.5
4.7
.3
5.6
7.4
2.5
2.8
9.4
5.9
4.3
6.0
9.6
2.8
3.0
5.0
8.3
5.3
5.9
5.0
5.6
4.6
4.9
4.2
6.1
20.1
16.9
22.3
20.3
18.2
18.9
16.8
19.3
8.7
22.7
5.0
3.5
6.4
4.0
5.3
6.5
8.3
10.8
6.5
7.7
20.3
21.0
23.7
17.3
23.2
26.8
28.4
25.8
41.7
27.0
13.3
24.4
12.9
13.4
12.8
12.5
10.3
11.7
25.4
11.8
2.9
.5
2.9
4.2
3.9
2.4
1.2
1.8
.4
2.1
White
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
White–Continued
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
2,615
158
587
4,943
2,768
1,465
1,196
1,674
1,371
615
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
95.6
92.6
97.8
97.8
92.7
93.9
96.9
97.1
97.1
76.0
63.8
67.6
80.2
81.8
72.6
70.5
76.3
74.8
74.2
5.3
( 5)
6.4
5.4
4.9
( 5)
4.3
5.5
6.7
4.2
16.7
4.6
15.4
18.2
25.2
16.4
14.0
16.5
10.1
16.8
8.2
1.2
8.0
10.8
18.4
10.3
8.0
9.5
4.9
7.8
8.5
3.4
7.4
7.4
6.8
6.0
5.9
7.0
5.2
9.0
8.2
6.3
4.5
6.8
5.1
4.1
5.4
5.8
6.0
3.7
18.2
16.4
19.3
18.9
20.1
20.5
17.7
20.5
19.0
20.1
6.2
5.0
3.7
7.1
5.2
6.0
5.6
4.5
4.9
5.4
21.2
26.2
17.5
23.7
21.1
21.6
23.0
22.0
24.2
24.0
14.3
15.9
16.4
11.4
10.7
12.7
15.7
14.0
14.7
12.5
2.4
4.1
6.6
1.8
2.0
6.9
5.5
2.5
2.3
2.2
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
1,931
2,908
4,152
2,420
797
2,502
406
834
749
606
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
98.2
97.2
94.6
97.0
95.2
91.2
89.2
97.9
98.2
70.4
79.5
80.7
74.8
72.8
76.2
60.1
68.5
79.7
75.6
6.6
4.2
4.7
5.1
4.8
5.9
4.6
4.4
8.1
4.3
7.4
15.6
23.4
15.2
14.8
14.5
8.1
11.2
4.7
20.4
4.7
10.3
19.1
9.7
8.4
8.7
5.8
5.9
3.2
14.5
2.7
5.3
4.3
5.5
6.4
5.8
2.3
5.3
1.5
( 5)
4.7
5.3
3.8
5.0
6.9
6.3
4.0
6.1
5.2
3.9
19.0
17.8
20.7
21.0
17.0
19.9
18.9
20.0
18.2
19.4
6.8
7.2
4.8
6.1
5.0
5.3
3.1
6.4
7.1
5.4
25.9
29.4
23.1
21.7
22.9
24.1
20.2
20.4
34.4
22.1
19.4
11.6
10.7
12.4
16.0
12.4
17.8
14.7
11.7
12.9
2.1
1.3
2.0
4.7
2.6
4.4
8.1
10.3
1.8
1.3
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
3,262
692
6,550
2,862
327
4,855
1,301
1,525
5,154
447
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
95.9
97.5
96.5
86.1
97.5
95.1
95.2
98.0
98.5
81.1
63.9
75.0
76.7
65.0
80.0
71.3
73.4
79.1
80.8
4.5
5.5
4.1
6.6
3.8
4.3
4.7
5.7
4.1
3.7
15.6
5.1
13.2
21.9
6.6
21.3
11.5
15.9
18.4
19.0
6.4
2.8
7.4
11.5
3.6
13.8
7.1
10.4
10.9
12.5
9.2
2.3
5.8
10.4
3.0
7.5
4.4
5.5
7.5
6.5
6.8
5.2
5.4
5.4
5.4
4.6
5.7
4.3
5.4
4.2
21.2
19.4
18.7
19.4
20.6
21.4
18.3
20.3
19.5
18.5
7.9
4.5
7.7
4.9
4.0
5.0
4.8
4.6
5.4
6.1
25.1
21.2
25.9
18.3
23.6
22.9
24.1
22.3
25.8
29.4
12.5
21.3
16.1
12.7
14.7
11.6
15.5
12.0
11.3
12.4
1.2
( 5)
1.7
3.1
( 5)
1.9
4.5
4.1
1.4
( 5)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
1,346
361
2,058
7,977
963
308
2,544
2,599
729
2,674
232
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.9
88.6
96.1
95.3
97.3
96.1
97.4
95.7
97.3
96.1
92.3
77.4
65.9
73.2
73.5
72.5
74.7
76.0
72.6
73.0
76.9
62.1
6.5
( 5)
5.1
6.1
6.1
4.3
6.9
6.5
( 5)
4.0
5.0
20.5
12.2
18.9
13.2
12.7
15.4
12.1
14.6
10.5
22.8
4.7
9.9
8.3
10.7
7.1
8.3
10.6
6.0
10.7
5.6
14.1
2.3
10.6
3.9
8.2
6.1
4.4
4.9
6.1
3.9
4.9
8.8
2.4
4.3
4.0
5.0
6.0
4.7
4.6
5.4
4.9
6.1
4.3
6.0
19.6
20.3
19.9
18.8
19.6
19.2
18.7
19.9
20.9
18.2
19.4
5.4
5.0
4.4
5.3
( 5)
4.2
6.1
5.5
4.3
5.4
3.1
21.1
19.7
19.7
22.4
22.4
26.8
26.6
21.1
22.4
21.9
16.4
13.7
14.3
12.4
13.7
17.5
10.7
15.6
14.2
17.6
12.7
21.2
1.8
10.9
3.3
3.8
2.3
3.3
2.2
3.6
( 5)
( 5)
6.8
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
478
9
76
150
864
68
185
76
133
894
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.4
99.7
98.8
95.9
98.7
99.5
98.0
99.7
98.2
96.3
77.3
63.3
74.4
73.0
66.8
85.2
82.0
80.6
60.5
75.5
2.9
4.3
2.9
4.2
2.3
3.5
.4
2.7
2.0
5.6
27.8
( 5)
7.1
24.4
9.2
15.9
10.6
15.7
1.4
7.7
13.3
( 5)
3.0
12.4
5.8
10.4
7.8
3.6
.5
4.1
14.5
( 5)
4.1
12.0
3.4
5.5
2.8
12.1
.9
3.6
5.2
5.8
4.2
( 5)
7.9
10.0
9.6
6.7
6.7
6.7
20.1
19.2
14.6
14.9
14.7
25.1
20.7
14.7
13.3
21.3
2.6
5.6
7.7
2.9
6.1
4.0
6.3
14.6
4.4
5.3
18.2
27.0
37.8
22.5
26.3
26.6
34.4
26.2
32.8
28.8
18.0
33.8
21.8
20.0
26.5
13.4
14.4
16.4
33.3
17.9
1.3
.1
.4
1.8
.6
.2
1.2
5
( )
( 5)
2.4
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
1,058
10
100.0
100.0
97.9
99.4
77.6
56.8
4.8
( 5)
22.2
( 5)
8.6
( 5)
13.6
( 5)
7.9
4.6
16.2
8.2
4.1
13.0
22.3
31.0
16.8
35.0
.5
( 5)
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
Black–Continued
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
712
191
35
76
134
497
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
99.4
100.0
99.2
98.2
96.5
76.0
81.8
84.2
71.0
81.7
73.1
2.4
1.5
( 5)
2.3
.7
4.6
11.9
21.8
31.0
18.3
25.1
13.6
6.0
15.1
( 5)
7.5
13.1
4.5
5.9
6.7
17.7
10.8
12.1
9.1
8.8
( 5)
2.8
5.6
6.3
5.6
15.4
16.4
19.9
17.9
17.0
19.6
6.6
6.4
3.9
6.1
4.4
( 5)
30.9
27.9
26.6
20.5
28.0
26.2
19.4
15.2
14.0
24.0
14.4
18.0
.2
( 5)
5
( )
.2
.2
1.0
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
618
135
506
61
381
230
24
48
7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.1
98.7
98.7
98.1
98.3
99.1
99.6
99.7
96.7
66.1
82.9
78.5
85.1
77.2
71.0
75.5
76.9
90.2
4.0
2.3
1.5
( 5)
3.0
1.8
1.1
6.3
( 5)
8.1
15.5
25.0
15.1
31.6
9.4
18.2
3.3
18.6
2.9
8.5
21.1
4.6
17.0
5.2
7.3
.4
18.6
5.2
7.0
3.9
10.6
14.6
4.3
10.9
2.9
( 5)
5.8
6.4
5.0
5.2
5.7
6.8
2.9
5.6
.9
14.4
9.6
15.2
23.3
16.1
15.4
13.1
11.9
19.6
5.9
8.9
3.7
12.0
2.2
6.5
14.7
2.2
4.4
27.7
40.1
28.1
29.4
18.0
31.0
25.5
47.6
46.7
29.2
14.3
17.4
7.9
17.8
25.5
12.9
19.4
6.5
1.0
.1
.3
( 5)
1.2
.8
.4
.3
( 5)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
523
12
1,199
717
506
108
27
416
24
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.8
100.0
97.5
97.5
98.1
99.6
99.6
98.0
98.6
73.8
64.7
69.9
75.6
77.1
69.9
71.2
74.4
83.7
1.5
3.4
3.6
2.5
3.4
3.2
3.8
2.5
.9
13.6
1.3
7.9
26.5
16.5
11.9
9.9
7.4
31.4
6.0
1.3
3.4
10.0
12.6
6.9
3.3
2.5
13.8
7.6
( 5)
4.5
16.5
3.8
5.0
6.6
4.9
17.5
8.5
.5
6.4
5.9
5.8
6.7
12.7
6.1
( 5)
13.1
26.8
11.8
16.3
18.5
19.2
26.6
14.1
13.4
5.7
3.5
7.4
3.6
5.3
3.3
7.3
8.5
5.1
31.5
26.7
32.9
20.7
27.6
25.3
11.0
35.9
30.1
22.7
31.4
24.4
17.8
16.1
25.5
18.8
21.2
9.7
.2
( 5)
.3
1.4
.7
.2
( 5)
1.0
( 5)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
465
4
479
1,037
6
624
51
15
96
2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
96.2
100.0
99.3
98.0
100.0
97.7
96.8
96.7
99.9
98.6
73.3
86.0
75.8
73.3
70.7
73.1
73.8
83.3
79.7
86.2
5.1
( 5)
2.6
2.1
( 5)
4.5
( 5)
( 5)
2.0
6.7
27.5
49.6
15.4
10.9
21.4
14.3
12.2
27.7
19.0
5.7
12.7
4.0
8.3
6.0
12.4
6.8
11.2
9.7
13.4
.1
14.8
45.6
7.1
5.0
8.9
7.4
1.0
18.0
5.6
5.6
( 5)
3.2
9.0
10.0
10.2
7.1
13.8
5.0
3.0
4.5
17.0
26.0
19.7
18.8
26.1
16.9
14.4
22.1
15.6
36.5
1.7
( 5)
5.3
4.7
( 5)
4.3
3.5
5.0
3.4
( 5)
17.4
3.5
23.8
26.4
13.0
25.8
29.9
23.5
36.7
20.5
20.9
12.3
20.6
21.6
29.4
21.7
19.1
12.2
15.9
9.0
( 5)
( 5)
.6
.7
( 5)
1.3
3.1
( 5)
( 5)
1.4
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
17
6
524
21
3,990
264
101
10
16
1,146
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.7
93.1
100.0
89.3
95.1
98.6
96.8
93.9
95.3
80.7
74.3
77.1
92.9
74.3
73.2
84.1
93.6
75.2
83.2
2.7
6.2
9.7
6.3
5.3
6.2
2.9
.5
4.2
6.3
15.2
9.0
12.4
53.6
20.8
18.1
26.6
10.9
.1
11.3
3.4
( 5)
9.4
13.3
11.4
7.7
17.9
1.1
( 5)
6.3
11.9
9.0
3.0
40.3
9.4
10.3
8.7
9.8
.1
5.0
.7
12.5
3.4
( 5)
3.9
6.3
3.5
7.0
2.9
8.5
44.5
14.6
26.9
22.4
20.4
19.7
18.2
23.3
24.6
23.0
( 5)
.8
3.2
2.6
4.0
3.1
4.2
11.8
6.6
7.7
17.6
24.6
21.0
8.0
19.8
19.1
28.8
40.2
36.8
26.4
19.3
16.0
10.7
2.9
9.6
17.2
11.3
2.6
13.5
6.7
( 5)
.3
6.3
( 5)
8.0
3.4
1.0
2.6
( 5)
2.6
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
77
14
39
495
55
21
54
19
44
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.7
95.7
84.4
98.0
100.0
98.7
98.3
76.2
88.4
87.5
57.4
75.7
88.0
91.8
91.4
81.9
59.6
71.0
14.5
5.2
5.8
7.5
6.6
5.8
10.1
11.4
3.4
27.2
7.3
31.5
28.7
45.8
38.3
16.9
2.3
11.5
11.7
1.3
6.5
16.9
31.7
( 5)
9.1
1.1
7.2
15.5
6.0
25.0
11.8
14.1
38.3
7.8
1.3
4.3
9.2
1.3
2.8
3.9
( 5)
1.0
5.9
5.2
9.8
22.1
19.9
23.3
25.1
15.4
19.1
27.2
16.2
18.5
1.7
4.9
2.3
5.0
5.0
3.2
.5
( 5)
5
( )
12.7
18.8
10.0
17.7
19.0
24.0
21.3
24.5
25.7
6.4
17.1
6.2
7.1
5.1
7.3
9.6
15.5
7.3
1.0
4.3
15.7
1.4
( 5)
1.2
1.5
19.7
10.3
Hispanic origin
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Total employed1
Nonagricultural industries
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and State
Number
(In thousands)
Percent
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
NonDurable
durable
goods
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public
utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance,
and real
estate
Services4
Government
Agriculture
Hispanic origin–Continued
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
119
117
123
55
21
44
8
28
107
7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
90.4
98.0
98.7
99.0
99.3
93.4
83.0
98.2
94.5
100.0
71.8
82.3
83.7
90.2
92.0
86.0
58.4
83.8
88.7
97.2
11.8
2.2
6.4
1.4
11.7
9.5
5.7
7.3
13.2
( 5)
5.0
24.9
33.1
28.8
38.5
16.0
12.4
36.9
4.3
40.2
3.9
13.9
24.6
17.3
11.8
5.4
10.7
6.5
1.9
12.2
1.0
10.9
8.5
11.5
26.7
10.5
1.7
30.4
2.4
27.9
2.3
3.3
2.7
3.3
5.4
6.7
3.1
4.0
1.9
8.6
27.4
17.0
21.4
38.4
20.1
21.6
17.7
16.7
16.9
10.9
.9
3.4
3.8
5.5
.9
4.4
3.0
.2
4.8
15.6
24.5
31.6
16.3
12.8
15.4
27.8
16.6
18.7
47.0
21.9
14.3
11.7
12.3
7.3
4.4
4.4
16.7
9.5
3.9
2.8
3.5
.3
1.3
5
( )
( 5)
6.6
14.2
1.9
5.1
( 5)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
420
284
1,044
101
3
74
38
121
111
24
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.8
95.9
95.7
83.9
82.7
97.8
89.1
81.3
97.4
97.7
90.1
66.9
79.9
78.4
75.0
85.3
78.4
75.9
80.6
91.7
2.6
7.4
3.8
21.9
1.7
5.2
13.9
7.1
5.8
.1
26.0
5.6
15.2
27.6
15.9
20.9
19.5
26.1
25.6
52.6
9.5
2.9
5.4
9.7
13.0
14.8
9.9
12.6
12.8
25.9
16.5
2.7
9.8
17.8
2.9
6.1
9.6
13.5
12.8
26.7
6.6
3.9
5.4
5.2
( 5)
6.7
.6
1.0
7.4
( 5)
26.1
23.6
23.6
9.9
26.8
23.8
18.5
24.5
20.7
5.8
5.4
4.6
6.4
1.9
( 5)
5.4
.3
1.7
2.7
3.4
23.3
18.7
25.6
11.4
26.6
23.4
22.8
15.5
18.5
29.8
7.2
22.0
12.0
3.5
7.7
8.7
6.0
2.4
9.9
1.4
.7
3.0
1.8
14.2
17.3
2.2
10.6
17.8
2.1
1.6
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
31
3
29
2,518
60
2
104
125
67
11
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
88.5
89.1
93.9
97.2
88.2
94.9
73.5
100.0
91.1
76.7
61.8
71.3
75.3
81.2
74.9
81.8
61.2
91.0
75.9
8.7
4.7
8.0
9.2
11.3
( 5)
12.6
3.4
2.2
11.2
17.2
25.1
9.9
14.1
28.8
21.6
3.9
14.4
43.4
8.5
6.7
5.2
2.6
7.2
19.5
12.7
1.3
6.9
33.0
4.1
10.5
19.9
7.2
6.9
9.3
9.0
2.6
7.5
10.4
4.4
( 5)
9.1
5.4
5.0
3.5
( 5)
6.1
.8
3.4
7.9
28.9
13.7
34.3
21.9
15.8
38.2
19.3
27.2
14.5
16.3
8.5
( 5)
3.8
3.5
3.6
( 5)
4.2
2.0
6.1
4.8
13.4
9.3
10.0
20.3
17.4
15.1
35.7
13.4
21.4
21.9
15.0
26.8
10.7
13.3
12.2
13.2
10.7
10.4
7.3
12.1
( 5)
11.5
8.1
4.5
2.7
11.8
3.4
23.6
( 5)
7.5
1 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers,
and mining.
2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
3 Includes mining.
4 Excludes private household workers.
5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in
that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed
percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will
not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
TOTAL
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
1,958
272
1,994
1,094
14,374
2,004
1,554
350
228
6,514
89
17
81
56
658
112
82
18
8
257
233
35
235
143
1,858
244
194
40
22
735
154
24
157
90
1,176
153
120
24
21
448
1,482
196
1,521
805
10,682
1,495
1,157
269
178
5,074
126
26
128
71
840
142
141
27
14
421
742
81
767
406
5,670
623
525
137
101
2,627
224
31
216
117
1,420
274
186
38
20
715
390
58
410
212
2,752
457
305
67
43
1,311
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
3,569
528
571
5,593
2,853
1,457
1,268
1,725
1,815
593
122
26
42
274
161
93
83
92
88
37
363
80
77
671
338
195
164
208
220
80
225
49
45
407
224
110
105
128
133
51
2,858
374
407
4,241
2,130
1,060
917
1,297
1,374
425
201
28
40
385
196
108
81
133
126
53
1,491
221
172
2,056
913
411
381
601
720
183
456
37
69
637
380
212
159
211
175
81
710
87
126
1,163
640
329
296
352
354
109
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
2,534
2,977
4,557
2,433
1,142
2,644
408
846
813
597
120
159
244
148
49
153
31
56
27
30
301
391
590
333
116
305
58
106
80
79
216
245
344
218
77
209
34
61
59
50
1,897
2,182
3,379
1,734
900
1,977
285
623
648
437
159
222
277
163
65
181
28
50
41
48
940
1,065
1,500
691
497
926
121
227
383
167
269
334
578
334
123
357
43
116
87
89
529
562
1,024
546
216
514
92
230
138
134
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
3,804
733
7,871
3,572
324
5,194
1,468
1,560
5,426
453
167
39
379
138
20
262
84
98
314
21
486
92
1,026
373
47
675
172
208
762
65
265
63
539
247
27
387
112
115
407
43
2,886
538
5,927
2,815
230
3,871
1,100
1,139
3,944
324
332
49
859
248
22
331
96
105
412
38
1,474
269
2,909
1,470
92
1,780
527
512
1,857
153
375
75
762
448
35
670
170
201
630
52
705
145
1,397
649
81
1,090
307
322
1,046
81
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
1,757
366
2,448
8,955
969
298
3,154
2,714
707
2,703
226
63
26
111
371
67
21
137
160
39
162
15
177
48
286
1,026
149
40
339
355
89
353
28
111
25
175
611
72
26
247
222
56
214
17
1,407
266
1,876
6,947
681
211
2,431
1,977
523
1,975
167
108
23
185
573
48
23
221
164
51
206
14
774
102
869
3,317
332
79
1,173
953
265
785
75
201
47
328
1,074
109
42
379
335
78
398
23
324
94
495
1,983
191
67
658
524
129
586
55
1,066
147
1,126
582
8,093
1,090
800
180
113
36
7
34
25
275
41
27
7
3
96
14
100
54
763
94
64
14
9
59
10
71
35
530
64
37
8
10
876
116
921
467
6,525
891
672
151
91
52
12
56
27
380
63
49
10
6
392
44
442
211
3,314
329
282
72
48
135
18
133
74
854
168
112
22
10
297
41
290
155
1,977
332
230
47
27
Men
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
Men–Continued
Florida .....................................................................
3,514
109
287
189
2,930
158
1,404
423
945
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
1,925
268
317
3,040
1,559
766
681
920
968
316
52
9
16
103
57
33
27
29
33
14
130
30
30
236
114
67
65
76
86
25
88
20
18
168
88
43
45
47
51
20
1,654
209
254
2,533
1,300
623
544
767
799
257
80
13
15
134
70
37
29
44
40
21
782
121
103
1,137
511
208
207
330
365
102
275
20
42
401
233
128
91
130
112
52
518
55
93
861
486
251
216
264
281
82
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
1,321
1,571
2,466
1,321
614
1,374
218
459
457
324
47
61
83
53
22
55
12
19
9
11
101
122
194
118
46
109
19
40
31
27
95
94
129
87
32
86
14
23
24
17
1,077
1,295
2,059
1,064
513
1,125
173
376
392
269
57
80
99
69
21
63
12
20
17
17
497
620
812
385
247
500
66
115
221
95
160
196
360
209
75
212
26
64
53
57
364
398
788
401
170
350
68
177
101
99
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
2,050
404
4,241
1,917
173
2,801
802
868
2,899
237
56
13
134
50
8
90
28
34
109
8
157
36
361
149
17
236
71
77
267
22
105
29
216
94
9
160
52
51
167
17
1,732
327
3,529
1,625
140
2,315
652
706
2,356
190
122
24
309
101
8
113
39
42
141
13
835
157
1,699
771
48
984
284
298
1,042
85
246
44
487
269
21
408
99
129
382
33
529
102
1,033
484
63
811
229
238
791
58
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
941
193
1,290
5,000
540
153
1,686
1,511
385
1,435
125
23
8
43
138
26
7
51
58
14
64
5
65
16
117
402
55
13
124
123
34
111
11
46
9
70
273
30
10
100
97
22
76
6
807
160
1,060
4,186
430
124
1,410
1,234
314
1,185
103
38
9
71
251
20
9
81
70
17
75
5
421
53
450
1,804
192
44
623
575
151
437
42
117
28
187
656
71
25
228
207
51
237
15
231
70
352
1,474
147
46
478
382
95
436
42
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
892
125
868
512
6,281
914
754
170
115
3,000
53
10
47
31
383
71
55
11
5
148
137
21
135
90
1,095
150
130
26
13
449
95
14
86
54
647
89
83
16
11
259
606
80
600
338
4,156
604
485
118
86
2,144
74
13
72
44
460
79
92
17
8
263
350
38
325
195
2,356
294
244
65
53
1,223
89
13
83
43
566
106
74
16
10
292
93
16
120
56
775
125
75
20
16
366
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
1,644
260
253
2,553
1,294
692
71
17
26
171
105
60
233
50
47
435
223
129
137
29
27
239
136
67
1,204
165
153
1,708
830
437
121
15
25
252
126
72
709
100
69
918
402
203
182
17
27
236
147
83
192
33
32
302
154
78
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
Women–Continued
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
587
805
846
277
55
64
55
23
99
132
134
55
60
80
81
31
373
529
576
169
52
90
86
31
174
271
355
81
68
81
62
29
80
88
72
27
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
1,213
1,405
2,091
1,112
528
1,270
190
388
357
273
73
98
160
95
27
98
20
37
17
20
200
269
396
215
69
196
38
65
48
52
121
151
214
131
45
123
20
38
34
32
820
888
1,320
670
387
853
112
247
257
169
103
141
179
94
44
117
17
30
24
31
443
445
687
306
249
426
55
112
162
72
109
138
218
125
48
145
17
52
34
31
165
164
235
145
45
164
23
53
37
35
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
1,754
328
3,630
1,655
151
2,394
666
693
2,527
216
111
26
244
88
13
172
56
65
205
13
329
57
665
224
30
439
102
131
494
43
159
35
323
152
18
227
61
64
240
26
1,155
212
2,398
1,190
90
1,556
448
434
1,588
134
210
26
549
147
14
218
57
63
271
24
639
113
1,210
699
44
796
242
214
814
68
129
31
275
179
14
262
70
72
247
19
176
43
364
165
18
279
78
84
255
23
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
816
172
1,158
3,955
429
145
1,468
1,203
1,268
101
40
18
68
233
41
14
86
102
98
9
111
32
169
624
94
27
215
233
242
17
65
16
105
337
43
16
147
125
138
10
600
106
816
2,760
251
87
1,021
743
790
64
70
14
114
322
28
14
140
94
131
9
353
49
419
1,512
141
34
550
379
348
33
84
19
141
417
38
17
151
128
161
9
93
23
143
509
44
21
180
142
150
13
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
107
15
119
60
566
106
82
18
3
290
17
3
16
9
115
25
23
4
1
40
44
5
46
24
235
38
37
6
1
119
9
2
17
6
62
11
6
2
( 1)
31
37
6
41
20
153
31
16
7
1
100
11
1
10
4
31
7
3
1
( 1)
27
18
2
21
12
86
14
9
4
1
56
5
1
5
2
20
5
1
( 1)
( 1)
9
3
1
3
2
16
6
2
1
( 1)
7
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
197
20
46
322
166
91
91
97
89
33
30
3
11
72
50
24
22
17
15
8
87
11
16
127
56
41
35
44
35
11
17
1
5
28
13
5
8
9
11
3
63
5
14
96
47
21
26
27
28
11
13
2
4
21
12
3
6
8
6
3
36
2
7
52
19
7
11
11
14
6
6
1
2
11
9
3
4
3
3
2
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
105
154
305
183
27
46
71
43
40
62
128
80
10
13
27
16
28
33
79
44
3
6
13
10
18
16
41
20
3
5
12
7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
See footnotes at end of table.
( 1)
8
2
12
7
7
6
5
6
1
3
6
14
7
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued
( 1)
7
1
2
3
2
2
8
1
4
2
1
25
8
47
33
3
38
14
16
39
4
4
2
7
6
1
10
3
4
10
1
4
2
12
6
2
12
4
3
8
1
5
2
10
31
5
1
9
6
1
10
1
19
4
23
70
17
2
28
25
3
23
2
4
2
7
23
3
1
3
7
2
8
1
2
3
9
21
4
1
5
6
1
7
1
1,137
168
1,392
686
1,397
998
200
74
4,282
90
19
119
56
136
115
21
7
341
534
69
693
333
576
436
95
29
2,132
189
27
203
103
258
166
31
11
628
325
52
377
193
427
280
53
27
1,181
151
13
44
355
211
103
96
119
94
50
1,986
103
398
3,562
1,958
1,020
834
1,189
997
419
141
9
40
321
181
104
77
120
87
52
942
50
167
1,612
812
391
335
546
477
178
330
13
68
578
361
206
145
194
134
81
573
30
123
1,051
605
319
276
329
299
108
237
370
518
313
77
277
55
101
70
77
151
231
303
210
47
189
31
58
52
49
1,364
2,011
2,915
1,654
608
1,790
268
588
573
424
114
210
248
156
38
164
27
48
36
47
626
942
1,214
648
305
813
112
209
329
161
206
323
525
324
95
332
42
109
81
86
418
535
927
527
170
481
88
222
127
130
412
83
220
56
2,339
482
273
45
1,131
234
320
69
615
134
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
50
140
23
59
48
32
8
31
6
17
4
9
22
48
8
22
14
12
5
12
3
5
6
3
14
49
7
16
23
8
4
10
1
2
3
1
8
24
4
7
15
5
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
167
35
313
192
25
295
78
83
291
26
40
6
86
32
6
71
14
18
70
6
73
12
128
83
10
120
32
30
121
13
11
4
16
19
2
28
9
7
24
1
43
13
82
58
7
76
23
27
75
6
9
3
16
14
1
15
3
5
18
1
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
88
30
128
437
90
18
129
150
29
181
16
14
8
20
63
18
5
24
33
7
45
4
36
9
49
174
37
7
48
60
13
71
6
7
2
10
54
8
1
12
14
2
16
2
31
11
49
146
28
5
45
43
7
49
4
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
1,490
230
1,825
931
1,873
1,352
267
95
5,509
72
15
76
51
106
76
15
3
229
175
28
216
122
226
174
33
10
621
106
19
141
73
144
105
19
9
377
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
2,502
149
558
4,733
2,644
1,398
1,153
1,580
1,311
586
94
10
41
243
154
89
79
86
63
37
272
24
75
573
320
186
145
187
158
79
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
1,850
2,763
3,960
2,320
767
2,397
385
800
719
579
98
152
224
143
34
141
30
53
24
29
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
3,117
659
147
37
White
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
White–Continued
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
6,250
2,756
313
4,632
1,244
1,457
4,928
423
313
113
20
240
73
92
294
20
834
295
45
602
148
196
699
62
439
193
26
340
94
109
377
39
4,665
2,154
222
3,450
929
1,060
3,559
303
627
186
22
291
80
100
365
35
2,209
1,062
87
1,548
431
468
1,617
141
649
361
34
615
147
192
595
50
1,180
546
79
995
271
300
981
76
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
1,300
346
1,962
7,638
926
294
2,453
2,479
688
2,561
220
50
25
95
324
65
21
115
148
38
158
14
122
46
231
884
143
39
268
325
87
335
27
79
23
145
512
69
26
186
203
54
203
16
1,050
252
1,492
5,919
649
207
1,884
1,803
509
1,865
163
66
22
150
502
46
23
165
152
50
189
13
552
94
650
2,718
310
77
860
851
257
725
73
161
45
274
956
106
41
308
313
76
383
23
270
91
417
1,743
187
65
551
487
125
569
54
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
446
9
74
145
823
65
179
73
129
859
16
( 1)
1
5
21
3
5
2
4
24
52
1
10
19
97
10
19
5
12
102
46
1
6
15
69
6
14
4
12
62
332
7
57
107
636
47
141
61
101
671
32
1
6
12
46
2
25
6
7
69
203
4
30
67
414
25
78
38
70
437
34
1
6
11
66
8
18
6
9
68
63
1
15
16
108
12
21
11
15
97
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
1,010
10
682
184
34
74
128
472
29
( 1)
23
6
2
2
4
23
86
( 1)
83
17
5
11
20
58
71
1
45
12
5
6
8
37
824
8
531
150
22
56
96
353
57
( 1)
56
14
2
3
13
35
520
4
364
92
11
30
50
233
121
1
41
16
3
10
15
36
126
3
69
28
6
13
18
49
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
588
131
483
58
362
215
22
46
7
19
5
13
2
14
11
1
2
1
( )
56
13
62
11
36
24
2
5
1
61
11
35
4
29
16
1
3
1
453
102
373
41
283
164
18
36
5
41
8
23
4
26
14
1
2
1
274
68
235
21
188
99
8
27
1
56
7
42
4
28
22
3
2
1
82
18
73
11
41
29
6
5
2
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
501
11
1,146
696
477
104
27
398
24
16
( 1)
52
21
18
4
2
14
1
57
1
142
63
61
11
3
49
3
35
1
76
45
41
11
2
25
3
393
8
877
567
358
78
20
309
16
47
( 1)
179
54
35
9
1
42
2
250
5
513
357
205
43
11
195
9
39
1
67
70
43
11
2
25
2
57
2
117
86
75
14
5
47
3
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
442
3
461
13
( 1)
16
52
( 1)
54
30
( 1)
28
346
3
364
41
( 1)
31
214
1
210
39
1
50
52
1
73
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 18. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Hours of work
Population group and State
Total at
work
35 hours and over
1 to 14
hours
15 to 29
hours
30 to 34
hours
992
5
602
48
14
93
2
39
( 1)
20
2
1
3
1
( )
117
1
64
6
2
10
1
( )
76
( 1)
52
6
1
8
1
( )
760
5
466
35
10
71
1
60
( 1)
51
1
1
9
1
( )
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
17
5
512
20
3,868
251
97
10
15
1,112
1
( 1)
16
1
138
9
4
1
( 1)
29
2
1
57
2
468
33
11
1
2
124
( 1)
( 1)
41
2
334
20
8
1
1
78
13
4
398
16
2,928
189
74
7
12
881
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Iowa ........................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
73
13
37
480
54
20
52
18
41
2
1
1
9
1
1
3
2
1
7
3
3
44
4
3
6
2
7
4
1
3
31
2
1
6
1
4
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nebraska ................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Hampshire ......................................................
116
113
116
54
19
43
7
27
104
7
4
3
5
2
1
2
1
1
2
14
12
14
7
1
6
2
2
7
( 1)
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
North Dakota ..........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
409
270
1,009
99
3
71
38
117
106
24
15
11
30
3
( 1)
2
2
3
4
1
South Carolina ........................................................
South Dakota ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
30
3
28
2,425
58
2
101
120
65
11
( 1)
( 1)
41 to 48
hours
49 hours
and over
472
2
267
26
7
43
1
86
1
60
2
2
9
1
( )
142
2
88
5
( 1)
11
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
34
2
249
23
8
1
1
60
7
1
251
8
1,886
100
45
4
7
549
2
1
46
2
348
32
8
1
1
100
3
1
68
5
445
34
12
2
3
172
59
8
30
396
48
15
37
13
30
7
1
5
19
4
2
3
1
3
30
4
15
267
20
7
20
7
14
7
1
4
43
9
2
6
1
3
15
3
5
67
14
4
8
4
11
7
10
12
9
2
1
1
2
8
1
90
88
85
36
15
33
4
21
87
6
6
10
6
7
1
4
1
2
5
1
59
58
50
17
7
17
2
12
67
3
8
11
13
6
3
2
1
2
7
1
17
10
16
6
5
10
1
5
8
1
48
33
128
8
( 1)
6
3
12
16
3
30
29
63
8
( 1)
5
3
10
7
1
317
197
789
79
1
57
30
92
80
19
32
22
102
6
( 1)
5
2
11
9
1
195
112
467
50
1
32
15
51
41
12
32
24
80
8
( 1)
10
7
10
13
3
57
38
139
15
( 1)
10
6
19
17
3
2
( 1)
2
302
4
( 1)
10
17
6
1
3
( 1)
1
175
3
( 1)
10
10
5
1
26
2
25
1,869
49
1
79
91
53
8
1
( 1)
1
182
3
( 1)
6
7
3
1
( )
18
1
11
1,042
30
( 1)
44
55
30
5
2
( 1)
5
269
6
( 1)
10
12
9
1
5
1
8
376
9
( 1)
19
16
11
2
Total
35 to 39
hours
40
hours
Black–Continued
Texas ......................................................................
Utah ........................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
Hispanic origin
( 1)
1
78
2
( 1)
2
2
1
1
( )
1 Less than 500 persons.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not
meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based
on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals
or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race
and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both
the white and black population groups. Data on average hours are not
available.
Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
Childfamily or
or Social Other
only find
school
personal
Security reacare
part-time
or
limit on sons2
problems obligawork
training
tions
earnings
TOTAL
Alabama ...............................
188
Alaska ...................................
30
Arizona .................................
144
Arkansas ...............................
108
California .............................. 1,162
Colorado ...............................
172
Connecticut ...........................
100
Delaware ..............................
26
District of Columbia ..............
24
Florida ...................................
469
20
3
24
15
185
16
7
3
1
59
55
9
46
26
371
72
32
9
8
136
19
4
12
4
107
9
15
2
6
33
10
1
5
20
35
6
4
1
3
( )
20
84
13
57
43
463
69
42
11
9
221
287
46
329
181
2,530
336
297
55
26
971
15
4
25
9
263
19
12
2
2
68
16
7
20
13
218
16
26
4
5
63
11
1
17
3
81
9
17
2
( 3)
44
58
14
68
36
545
92
83
12
3
154
93
9
98
56
738
98
83
14
7
246
35
2
31
21
146
24
25
7
3
113
60
8
71
42
540
79
51
13
6
283
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
274
50
49
402
235
119
110
149
161
52
36
6
9
39
25
14
8
13
17
6
91
12
18
147
82
41
44
45
40
14
16
18
3
39
9
4
6
5
32
9
14
1
1
41
29
9
7
14
16
2
116
13
19
136
89
52
46
72
56
21
437
105
114
951
488
278
241
279
280
115
23
13
5
50
18
9
6
7
21
7
32
12
7
60
30
13
17
23
26
10
11
3
2
45
16
5
4
12
7
6
99
21
33
229
116
82
62
63
53
30
135
31
33
299
148
99
96
81
85
26
39
9
9
89
47
29
23
26
24
13
98
18
25
179
113
41
35
68
63
24
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
230
232
316
211
87
265
39
63
58
46
16
18
39
16
13
24
6
7
10
3
70
68
129
101
26
87
12
25
19
18
41
61
11
6
5
15
4
3
4
8
7
4
24
7
9
38
3
4
( 3)
2
95
80
113
80
33
101
14
24
24
16
407
563
861
487
155
402
84
160
107
113
17
19
34
20
8
15
5
5
11
5
47
36
54
30
14
21
6
8
6
6
13
39
27
9
5
15
1
2
2
6
102
157
215
125
25
102
21
40
22
33
108
157
286
156
54
126
23
55
25
30
44
54
68
49
13
44
8
17
7
12
77
101
177
97
35
79
19
33
34
20
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
287
62
567
275
31
385
127
135
424
42
23
9
42
49
2
39
13
26
45
5
104
15
186
77
9
138
45
49
171
10
40
5
115
15
2
25
7
5
30
16
5
7
16
20
7
18
10
2
18
1
114
25
208
114
12
166
53
54
160
11
631
133
1,377
483
63
939
242
286
1,058
87
27
10
87
19
2
40
13
20
55
4
52
14
142
26
4
62
17
23
92
9
31
3
68
18
1
38
8
8
36
6
156
27
298
82
16
246
46
64
285
15
173
31
345
161
23
272
64
66
273
26
61
11
113
53
6
85
33
27
109
9
131
37
325
124
12
197
59
79
209
18
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
116
29
223
744
74
25
284
231
59
216
16
16
2
24
90
7
3
26
25
8
25
2
38
10
61
190
34
10
102
85
17
95
5
4
2
9
28
5
2
31
16
6
2
1
7
5
18
111
2
1
16
12
6
17
1
50
10
111
324
25
9
109
94
22
77
6
234
71
349
1,264
214
62
439
506
125
513
44
8
2
15
80
10
3
29
32
7
22
3
20
3
23
100
8
4
32
37
19
29
4
9
1
7
38
11
2
17
11
2
10
3
( )
40
16
81
249
57
20
104
127
26
149
13
69
26
106
383
89
15
110
140
29
164
13
16
8
42
92
12
7
52
27
11
55
4
71
14
76
322
27
11
95
133
30
83
6
93
15
82
53
621
86
45
12
2
17
7
120
8
4
28
4
26
13
193
36
14
6
2
7
2
50
4
6
9
37
6
29
19
227
32
17
97
15
123
61
946
113
83
4
2
12
3
132
9
4
4
3
7
4
95
7
11
2
1
4
1
41
5
3
50
5
53
26
369
46
36
21
1
20
12
91
17
15
17
3
27
14
209
29
14
Men
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
See footnotes at end of table.
( 3)
4
13
32
5
3
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
9
Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
personal
Security reacare
part-time
or
problems obligalimit on sons2
work
training
tions
earnings
Men–Continued
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
12
11
234
2
1
40
4
4
64
1
3
13
1
( 3)
19
5
4
98
16
10
350
1
1
30
2
3
23
( 3)
( 3)
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
136
25
26
203
118
60
57
74
80
27
23
4
6
29
15
8
4
8
10
5
41
6
10
74
42
19
23
20
20
8
8
9
1
14
6
2
2
3
13
4
14
1
1
25
15
6
5
11
13
2
50
5
9
61
40
26
22
32
24
9
134
34
37
304
141
82
80
78
90
32
11
6
2
28
7
2
2
3
8
3
13
4
3
25
7
3
8
9
6
4
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
110
117
161
106
46
132
21
32
30
23
11
11
27
10
6
16
4
4
7
2
33
36
69
52
14
43
6
15
9
9
21
28
5
2
3
7
2
1
2
3
6
2
14
5
9
22
3
3
3
( )
1
39
40
46
37
14
44
7
10
12
7
133
159
246
151
54
118
24
50
35
33
10
11
17
10
4
6
2
2
4
2
13
14
14
11
4
10
2
3
2
2
( 3)
( 3)
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
140
33
268
127
14
207
69
75
222
20
13
7
23
30
1
24
8
19
25
3
52
8
90
33
4
74
24
31
95
5
18
3
51
5
1
14
4
2
15
7
4
4
10
13
3
14
9
2
14
1
52
11
94
46
5
81
24
21
72
4
179
45
444
165
19
278
81
87
321
27
11
5
39
9
1
21
7
8
24
2
18
4
63
8
2
29
7
9
38
3
( 3)
( 3)
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
58
12
110
386
39
13
146
124
31
96
8
9
1
10
63
4
2
15
15
5
12
1
22
4
26
94
18
5
55
48
9
46
3
2
1
4
13
3
1
14
7
3
2
3
( )
6
2
14
71
2
1
13
10
6
7
1
20
4
56
146
12
4
48
43
10
29
3
76
21
120
427
71
16
130
154
39
154
14
3
1
6
45
4
1
8
14
3
8
2
6
1
9
35
3
2
8
12
7
10
1
95
14
62
55
540
87
55
14
13
235
8
1
8
7
64
8
3
1
3
( )
19
27
4
20
13
179
36
18
5
4
73
12
2
5
2
58
5
8
1
3
20
1
47
7
28
25
236
37
25
6
5
123
190
31
206
119
1,584
223
214
39
16
621
11
2
13
5
131
9
8
1
1
38
65
8
303
71
12
6
1
( 3)
11
6
3
114
3
1
71
4
2
101
5
2
2
7
3
3
3
1
1
1
51
11
16
134
61
48
48
30
41
10
21
4
5
48
26
15
9
15
14
7
32
7
9
61
36
10
10
20
20
7
4
4
4
3
2
4
1
2
1
1
53
73
129
66
24
52
10
26
13
15
27
32
33
32
8
23
4
8
5
6
26
24
48
28
11
24
6
9
11
7
4
3
14
5
( 3)
12
4
2
7
3
( )
73
14
155
72
10
120
23
29
124
11
33
5
64
29
3
39
21
15
62
6
39
11
108
43
3
57
18
25
64
5
1
3
1
3
11
3
1
3
4
1
4
1
30
10
55
173
42
6
53
63
11
72
6
8
4
24
47
8
3
28
16
7
32
2
25
4
23
117
12
3
30
45
10
27
2
12
4
13
9
123
9
15
2
2
40
11
1
16
3
72
9
17
2
( 3)
43
56
13
64
34
504
86
80
12
3
143
43
4
45
30
369
52
47
8
4
133
15
1
11
10
55
7
10
4
2
42
43
5
44
28
331
50
38
10
4
182
20
8
11
3
94
19
84
20
17
4
66
11
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1
1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1
2
1
Women
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
See footnotes at end of table.
137
25
13
2
50
6
9
9
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
8
3
1
1
1
( 3)
( 3)
Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
personal
Security reacare
part-time
or
problems obligalimit on sons2
work
training
tions
earnings
Women–Continued
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
23
198
117
59
53
74
81
25
3
11
11
6
4
5
7
2
9
73
40
22
21
24
20
6
2
24
3
2
3
2
19
5
( 3)
16
14
3
2
2
3
( 3)
10
75
49
26
24
40
32
12
77
646
347
196
161
201
189
83
3
22
11
7
4
4
13
4
4
35
22
10
8
14
20
6
2
44
15
4
4
12
7
5
31
222
112
79
59
62
52
29
17
165
87
51
48
52
45
16
4
41
21
14
14
11
9
6
16
117
78
31
24
47
43
17
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
119
114
155
105
40
133
18
31
28
24
5
7
13
7
6
9
2
3
4
1
38
32
59
49
11
44
6
11
10
8
20
33
6
4
2
8
2
2
3
5
1
2
10
2
1
16
( 3)
2
( 3)
( 3)
55
41
67
43
20
56
7
14
12
9
274
403
616
337
101
284
60
110
72
80
7
8
17
10
4
9
3
4
6
3
34
21
40
19
10
11
5
5
4
4
12
39
26
9
5
15
1
2
2
6
98
153
211
122
23
98
20
38
21
32
55
84
157
90
30
74
13
29
12
15
17
22
35
17
6
21
4
8
3
6
51
77
130
69
24
55
14
24
23
13
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
147
28
299
148
16
177
57
60
202
22
10
2
19
19
1
15
5
7
20
2
52
7
96
44
5
63
21
18
75
5
22
3
64
10
1
11
2
3
15
8
1
3
6
6
3
3
1
62
14
113
68
6
84
29
33
88
7
452
88
933
317
44
661
161
198
737
60
15
4
49
10
1
19
6
12
31
2
34
9
79
18
3
33
10
14
53
6
31
3
66
17
1
38
8
7
35
6
152
23
284
78
15
234
42
62
278
14
100
17
190
89
12
152
41
37
149
15
29
5
48
24
2
45
11
11
47
4
91
26
217
81
9
140
41
54
144
12
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
57
17
112
357
35
12
138
107
27
120
8
7
1
14
27
4
1
11
10
3
14
1
16
6
35
96
16
5
47
37
8
49
2
2
1
5
16
2
1
17
8
3
3
( )
1
1
2
4
40
3
( )
( 3)
3
2
1
9
3
( )
31
6
55
179
13
5
60
51
13
47
3
159
50
230
837
143
46
309
352
86
359
30
5
1
9
35
6
2
21
17
4
14
2
14
2
14
66
5
3
24
25
12
19
2
9
1
7
37
11
2
17
11
2
10
3
( )
38
16
78
238
55
19
101
124
25
144
13
39
15
51
210
46
9
57
77
18
93
6
8
4
19
45
4
3
24
11
4
23
2
46
10
53
206
15
7
65
88
20
56
4
Alabama ...............................
Alaska ...................................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Colorado ...............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
133
24
131
90
963
161
90
21
11
392
11
3
23
12
158
14
5
2
3
( )
47
43
8
42
23
312
68
30
8
5
121
13
3
10
2
84
9
13
2
3
27
7
5
18
31
6
4
1
3
( )
16
58
11
51
35
377
64
38
9
3
181
226
40
311
159
2,175
326
269
48
11
862
8
3
22
5
228
18
10
2
3
( )
54
9
4
16
9
177
14
19
3
2
47
9
1
16
3
73
9
14
2
( 3)
35
52
14
64
33
498
92
80
11
1
148
72
8
93
51
604
91
76
12
3
212
30
2
30
20
131
25
24
6
1
105
46
8
70
39
464
76
47
11
3
261
Georgia .................................
Hawaii ...................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
195
15
48
351
228
114
102
135
21
2
8
37
24
13
7
12
75
5
18
131
80
40
42
40
13
4
3
30
9
3
5
4
10
( 3)
1
40
29
8
7
14
75
4
18
114
86
49
42
65
330
33
116
843
469
274
224
262
13
4
6
39
17
9
5
6
15
3
7
42
27
13
14
20
10
1
2
38
15
4
4
11
89
8
34
219
114
85
61
61
98
8
33
260
139
93
85
75
32
2
9
85
46
30
21
25
72
7
26
159
112
41
33
63
( 3)
( 3)
4
White
See footnotes at end of table.
( 3)
Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Other
reasons1
Total
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
personal
Security reacare
part-time
or
problems obligalimit on sons2
work
training
tions
earnings
White–Continued
Louisiana ..............................
Maine ....................................
113
52
11
6
32
14
21
9
11
2
39
20
206
119
9
7
13
10
6
6
44
31
68
26
20
13
47
26
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Minnesota .............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ..............................
Nevada .................................
New Hampshire ....................
158
217
271
202
51
234
37
60
50
45
10
17
32
16
6
22
6
7
9
3
53
66
114
98
18
77
11
24
17
17
25
57
10
6
4
13
3
3
4
8
6
4
21
7
4
33
3
4
( 3)
2
65
74
95
76
18
88
13
22
20
16
341
553
799
483
109
384
83
157
99
114
13
18
29
19
3
15
5
5
10
6
35
34
49
30
5
16
6
8
5
6
11
38
25
8
4
14
1
2
2
7
94
159
208
123
21
102
21
41
22
34
91
150
261
152
39
119
21
52
21
29
34
54
65
49
11
43
8
16
7
12
63
101
161
101
26
75
20
33
31
21
New Jersey ...........................
New Mexico ..........................
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
236
55
447
211
30
329
108
128
389
39
19
8
33
38
2
32
11
24
42
5
89
14
156
62
8
119
39
46
159
9
32
5
88
12
2
21
6
4
28
14
5
6
14
16
6
16
8
2
18
1
90
23
155
83
11
141
44
52
143
10
556
126
1,168
400
63
877
213
280
1,007
84
22
9
62
14
2
35
10
19
51
4
37
13
100
16
4
52
14
21
81
8
27
3
64
15
1
34
7
8
36
6
143
26
278
77
16
244
43
65
279
14
153
29
283
132
22
249
56
60
255
25
58
11
103
45
6
80
30
26
103
9
117
35
277
101
12
183
53
81
203
17
South Carolina ......................
South Dakota ........................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Utah ......................................
Vermont ................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
West Virginia ........................
Wisconsin .............................
Wyoming ...............................
76
27
185
642
70
25
217
209
57
204
15
9
2
20
79
7
3
20
23
8
24
2
28
10
52
167
32
10
84
77
16
91
5
3
2
9
25
5
2
22
14
5
2
1
4
4
17
102
2
1
14
11
6
17
1
33
9
87
269
25
9
77
84
21
71
6
180
69
294
1,112
212
63
363
485
127
514
44
6
2
12
67
10
3
19
33
8
22
3
7
3
13
75
8
5
22
35
20
28
4
8
1
6
34
11
2
14
11
2
10
1
35
16
75
231
57
21
95
129
25
152
14
53
25
81
345
87
15
86
126
30
160
12
14
8
41
87
12
7
47
27
11
55
4
57
14
66
274
27
11
80
125
31
87
7
9
10
( 4)
3
19
4
( )
1
3
13
3
24
( 4)
8
31
4
( )
2
6
34
64
13
21
122
31
8
16
123
8
1
3
18
2
( 3)
2
16
7
2
4
17
7
1
4
15
2
21
3
5
40
7
2
3
38
6
1
4
3
3
( )
( 3)
8
7
2
3
10
4
1
1
8
1
4
1
1
2
8
14
3
4
29
6
2
3
30
39
20
10
12
2
( 3)
3
( )
1
13
18
18
3
1
2
3
14
2
5
1
( 3)
3
( )
1
1
12
11
5
1
1
2
8
39
33
8
4
5
6
17
6
4
2
( 3)
1
( 3)
4
27
27
6
2
3
7
17
Black
Alabama ...............................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ..............................
Connecticut ...........................
Delaware ..............................
District of Columbia ..............
Florida ...................................
Georgia .................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Iowa ......................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ...............................
Louisiana ..............................
51
( 4)
17
69
4
( )
5
13
68
( 4)
( 4)
1
1
10
76
44
(
(
(
(
4)
4)
4)
4)
3
9
15
2
(
(
(
(
4)
4)
4)
4)
( 4)
( 4)
( 3)
(
(
(
(
1
9
3
6
16
12
4)
4)
4)
4)
6
(
(
(
(
4)
4)
4)
4)
8
11
Maryland ...............................
Massachusetts ......................
Michigan ...............................
Mississippi ............................
Missouri ................................
Nevada .................................
68
11
40
35
26
4
( )
6
1
8
6
2
16
1
14
7
6
4
( )
16
4
1
1
2
4
( )
New Jersey ...........................
41
4
11
7
2
2
5
(
(
(
(
6
See footnotes at end of table.
( 4)
( 3)
( 3)
3
8
47
( 4)
( 4)
4)
4)
4)
4)
( 3)
( 4)
( 3)
4
1
( 3)
( 3)
5
17
113
110
28
8
14
21
73
1
29
5
15
15
11
4
( )
71
20
73
44
26
6
6
2
7
5
1
3
( )
12
3
7
10
5
1
3
2
2
1
1
3
( )
7
3
10
4
2
3
( )
18
5
22
13
8
2
9
1
5
2
1
1
16
5
21
9
7
2
20
69
5
16
2
10
17
4
15
(
(
(
(
3
5
5
4)
4)
4)
4)
Table 19. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1997 annual averages
— Continued
(In thousands)
Usually work full time
Population group and State
Total
Usually work part time
Slack
Vacation
WeatherHoliday,
work or
or
related
legal or
business personal
curtailreligious
conditions
day
ment
Slack
work or
business
conditions
Other
Retired
Could
In
family or
or Social Other
Childonly find
school
personal
Security reacare
part-time
or
problems obligalimit on sons2
work
training
tions
earnings
Other
reasons1
Total
2
3
1
44
23
23
5
16
1
181
82
73
18
60
4
21
5
5
3
7
( 3)
39
10
14
3
13
1
4
3
5
( 3)
1
( 3)
17
6
6
2
7
( 3)
48
25
20
3
13
1
6
8
5
3
7
( 3)
46
24
18
4
13
1
4
1
8
2
17
22
47
28
( 4)
59
63
156
78
15
3
3
14
10
2
14
10
27
10
2
2
2
4
3
1
5
7
19
9
4
15
26
36
23
3
3
3
5
6
1
17
11
51
18
2
Black–Continued
New York ..............................
North Carolina ......................
Ohio ......................................
Oklahoma .............................
Pennsylvania ........................
Rhode Island ........................
95
49
49
9
31
3
South Carolina ......................
Tennessee ............................
Texas ....................................
Virginia ..................................
Wisconsin .............................
38
36
81
59
( 4)
( 3)
( 4)
7
8
7
1
4
21
14
15
2
10
( 3)
21
2
4
( 3)
2
1
6
4
8
6
9
9
17
17
( 4)
2
1
2
7
( 4)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 4)
1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care
problems, other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training,
civic or military duty, and all other reasons.
2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek
less than 35 hours, and all other reasons.
3 Less than 500 persons.
4 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication
standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area.
See appendix B.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding.
Table 20. States: Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, 1997 annual averages
(In thousands)
State
Total
Vacation
Child-care
problems1
Own illness
Other reasons2
Alabama .............................................................................
Alaska .................................................................................
Arizona ...............................................................................
Arkansas .............................................................................
California ............................................................................
Colorado .............................................................................
Connecticut .........................................................................
Delaware ............................................................................
District of Columbia ............................................................
Florida .................................................................................
106
19
71
53
592
84
82
14
9
254
45
10
34
24
305
46
50
8
4
138
14
2
9
6
74
7
9
1
1
27
26
3
18
10
112
15
8
3
2
52
22
5
9
12
101
16
14
2
2
37
Georgia ...............................................................................
Hawaii .................................................................................
Idaho ...................................................................................
Illinois ..................................................................................
Indiana ................................................................................
Iowa ....................................................................................
Kansas ................................................................................
Kentucky .............................................................................
Louisiana ............................................................................
Maine ..................................................................................
161
26
29
248
133
68
47
100
85
30
91
13
15
133
79
39
24
50
48
17
16
3
3
28
8
7
4
11
5
4
34
6
5
47
27
12
9
18
15
5
21
3
5
40
19
11
10
20
17
4
Maryland .............................................................................
Massachusetts ....................................................................
Michigan .............................................................................
Minnesota ...........................................................................
Mississippi ..........................................................................
Missouri ..............................................................................
Montana ..............................................................................
Nebraska ............................................................................
Nevada ...............................................................................
New Hampshire ..................................................................
114
153
219
106
51
121
22
37
34
28
64
90
120
66
26
56
12
19
17
15
10
16
21
9
5
11
2
4
4
3
22
27
49
12
10
31
3
7
6
6
18
20
30
19
10
24
6
7
7
4
New Jersey .........................................................................
New Mexico ........................................................................
New York ............................................................................
North Carolina ....................................................................
North Dakota ......................................................................
Ohio ....................................................................................
Oklahoma ...........................................................................
Oregon ................................................................................
Pennsylvania ......................................................................
Rhode Island ......................................................................
174
36
372
132
15
253
66
71
247
26
99
17
208
62
7
136
31
33
131
13
17
4
30
17
1
21
8
8
20
3
40
6
78
32
2
59
12
15
57
6
18
9
55
22
5
37
15
15
39
3
South Carolina ....................................................................
South Dakota ......................................................................
Tennessee ..........................................................................
Texas ..................................................................................
Utah ....................................................................................
Vermont ..............................................................................
Virginia ................................................................................
Washington .........................................................................
West Virginia ......................................................................
Wisconsin ...........................................................................
Wyoming .............................................................................
69
15
114
395
39
15
117
132
42
118
11
34
7
53
201
20
9
63
68
23
64
7
8
2
13
40
6
1
9
13
3
11
1
16
3
24
77
7
2
20
20
8
26
2
11
4
25
77
6
3
25
31
7
18
2
1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family obligations.
2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic or military
duty, and all other reasons.
NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding.
Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment,
1997 annual averages
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and State
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
10.5
24.6
12.3
10.2
14.0
10.6
8.5
23.9
5.2
9.3
14.9
14.3
14.2
14.5
8.3
14.1
13.3
13.6
4.5
14.4
38.3
32.0
39.9
34.9
32.4
45.9
32.9
34.1
44.4
33.5
9.6
3.1
6.5
9.4
10.9
5.1
6.2
2.5
6.6
8.1
41.1
44.5
48.5
47.9
44.4
31.0
42.2
45.6
51.0
12.3
10.6
22.4
17.4
15.6
5.9
19.0
13.8
22.3
13.4
9.9
12.4
8.9
14.3
17.1
13.3
10.1
11.0
37.0
36.0
33.0
33.9
36.0
47.0
36.3
31.8
34.7
8.6
9.6
6.1
9.3
5.2
4.9
8.2
12.4
3.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
42.1
52.6
46.2
49.0
38.8
38.0
45.9
44.9
11.4
16.5
20.9
20.4
7.8
10.5
20.7
10.4
12.2
9.7
9.3
9.7
14.2
16.7
14.4
20.1
39.9
29.9
37.5
34.8
36.3
34.5
36.3
30.6
5.8
7.7
7.0
6.4
10.7
10.8
3.5
4.4
215
51
564
139
262
66
101
311
27
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
53.2
41.8
47.3
45.3
44.1
36.3
49.0
49.4
51.6
13.0
13.8
10.8
10.7
17.3
7.5
20.5
19.5
16.0
9.0
12.9
9.2
15.4
12.2
17.8
15.5
11.2
10.6
31.5
38.4
33.4
32.1
35.9
39.6
31.6
30.9
30.1
6.3
6.9
10.1
7.2
7.8
6.3
4.0
8.5
7.7
86
146
531
13
135
142
55
108
13
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
36.2
49.1
41.0
47.5
38.2
45.5
40.7
49.6
41.9
8.3
15.9
8.6
26.7
7.8
21.5
15.8
25.2
16.1
15.1
9.3
12.4
8.6
13.8
15.4
15.4
16.8
12.6
39.1
35.3
35.9
36.3
40.3
36.2
29.1
28.3
38.8
9.7
6.3
10.7
7.5
7.8
2.9
14.8
5.3
6.8
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
51
16
51
37
556
52
9
178
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.7
55.5
51.1
50.1
55.9
53.4
52.4
52.5
14.4
26.2
16.5
12.2
16.2
9.0
6.9
11.0
12.7
13.4
10.3
14.2
8.4
11.6
6.0
13.4
39.1
28.9
32.9
28.1
26.7
30.4
35.1
27.2
8.4
2.2
5.7
7.7
9.0
4.6
6.4
6.9
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
85
22
18
161
47
58
20
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
44.1
62.9
56.4
58.9
55.6
55.2
55.6
12.4
15.9
30.1
22.2
27.9
19.3
23.9
13.8
6.0
12.6
7.5
13.0
7.1
13.9
33.9
23.4
26.6
25.8
24.9
24.5
26.9
8.2
7.8
4.4
7.8
6.4
13.2
3.6
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Colorado .................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Delaware ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
110
25
101
64
1,006
70
88
15
20
338
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
37.2
50.6
39.4
41.1
48.3
34.9
47.6
49.9
44.5
44.0
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
177
38
34
288
109
52
104
124
36
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Minnesota ...............................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
142
131
210
86
73
122
24
36
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
South Carolina ........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Virginia ....................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
TOTAL
Men
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and State
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Men–Continued
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
74
75
111
31
69
15
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
48.5
61.3
55.5
53.7
44.0
57.8
15.4
19.8
27.3
8.9
11.2
25.7
9.1
8.6
9.0
11.8
19.8
11.9
36.4
25.8
30.2
25.3
22.5
27.9
5.9
4.3
5.3
9.1
13.7
2.5
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
116
28
296
70
133
57
170
14
83
284
78
33
6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
59.9
57.1
55.8
49.3
53.2
57.3
58.6
61.9
50.9
47.3
57.0
52.0
51.3
12.7
22.6
12.8
12.9
22.0
22.7
24.2
19.2
18.7
10.3
26.3
20.6
19.5
8.8
11.9
8.7
15.8
13.0
17.8
10.2
12.1
8.8
14.3
14.3
15.3
14.7
26.8
26.5
26.2
28.5
28.8
20.8
24.3
20.6
34.1
29.2
27.4
20.7
29.7
4.6
4.5
9.2
6.4
5.0
4.2
6.9
5.3
6.2
9.2
1.3
12.0
4.3
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
59
9
49
28
450
11
160
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.0
41.9
27.3
29.3
39.0
38.2
34.5
7.2
21.9
8.0
7.5
11.3
3.8
7.3
16.8
16.0
18.3
15.0
8.3
3.3
15.4
37.6
37.5
47.1
44.1
39.5
51.8
40.6
10.6
4.6
7.3
11.7
13.2
6.8
9.5
Georgia ...................................................................
Hawaii .....................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
93
16
16
128
57
66
16
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.4
19.9
39.4
34.1
31.2
37.2
45.1
12.2
3.5
13.6
11.4
11.7
9.0
20.2
13.0
15.2
12.3
10.7
13.5
12.8
7.2
39.8
52.8
40.4
44.0
45.6
38.3
44.7
8.9
12.0
7.9
11.2
9.7
11.7
3.0
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
Montana ..................................................................
67
56
99
41
10
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.0
41.0
35.8
27.4
28.1
7.1
12.1
13.8
7.0
13.3
15.6
11.2
9.6
16.0
18.1
43.7
35.5
45.7
44.7
48.9
5.7
12.3
9.0
11.9
5.0
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
99
23
268
69
130
44
141
13
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.3
23.6
37.8
41.3
34.7
38.3
38.4
41.0
13.3
3.4
8.7
8.4
12.6
17.6
13.8
12.8
9.2
14.2
9.8
15.1
11.4
12.5
12.3
9.0
37.1
52.4
41.2
35.7
43.2
45.5
38.9
39.9
8.4
9.8
11.1
7.9
10.6
3.7
10.4
10.2
South Carolina ........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
52
63
248
22
6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
32.5
46.7
33.8
24.0
32.3
8.0
12.3
6.5
8.9
12.7
15.0
10.0
10.1
15.5
10.4
44.6
36.9
43.6
41.5
48.1
7.9
6.5
12.5
19.0
9.3
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Alaska .....................................................................
California ................................................................
Florida .....................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
New York ................................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
4
152
49
55
88
58
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.4
13.2
10.6
16.2
11.3
11.8
4.8
5.4
5.4
7.6
2.2
2.6
5.0
3.2
9.1
8.9
6.0
12.1
61.3
40.4
49.6
46.6
45.0
48.5
17.4
43.2
30.8
28.3
37.7
27.5
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and State
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
5.2
2.5
5.8
4.0
9.8
11.9
43.7
45.9
28.4
29.9
33.6
47.7
35.5
51.7
40.6
46.1
50.3
49.0
46.9
13.9
24.8
13.5
11.7
16.0
8.1
10.4
20.7
13.3
14.9
16.5
7.9
14.0
15.5
37.8
31.6
39.1
27.5
31.0
32.0
30.7
6.1
3.4
5.5
9.8
10.7
5.1
7.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.1
48.8
52.2
45.4
35.8
41.9
48.0
51.6
13.0
23.1
23.4
17.7
7.0
19.5
13.6
22.8
17.4
11.7
11.8
14.9
18.3
13.9
15.3
11.3
32.3
33.3
29.9
34.8
42.6
35.1
27.4
33.7
4.2
6.2
6.0
4.8
3.3
9.2
9.4
3.4
70
112
158
97
20
29
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.8
55.4
50.3
35.4
48.3
45.8
17.2
18.5
24.1
12.1
23.4
11.4
15.1
9.4
10.7
19.4
14.4
19.6
27.1
28.0
34.4
35.6
33.7
30.6
6.1
7.2
4.6
9.6
3.6
4.1
152
44
348
81
213
45
93
245
23
99
411
13
129
51
86
12
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
55.0
41.7
49.9
46.8
46.1
35.6
48.8
53.0
55.9
58.1
40.3
47.9
46.7
42.5
53.8
41.3
14.5
12.9
13.3
11.0
19.1
9.0
19.7
22.2
17.6
20.0
9.0
27.5
22.1
16.8
29.8
15.4
7.8
13.5
11.7
17.5
12.4
19.4
15.5
12.1
11.1
9.7
13.8
7.9
16.1
15.6
17.3
12.3
31.2
37.3
29.9
31.2
34.4
39.1
31.3
26.9
28.1
29.1
36.3
36.8
34.2
27.1
24.7
39.0
6.0
7.5
8.4
4.5
7.1
5.9
4.3
8.0
4.9
3.1
9.6
7.4
3.0
14.8
4.3
7.4
Alabama .................................................................
California ................................................................
District of Columbia ................................................
Florida .....................................................................
58
116
17
93
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.9
43.3
41.0
37.4
7.5
6.3
4.1
6.3
9.8
11.2
4.2
10.9
38.5
38.4
47.2
40.2
12.8
7.1
7.6
11.6
Georgia ...................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
96
94
64
100.0
100.0
100.0
38.2
41.6
42.8
12.1
7.2
14.4
9.9
4.2
5.4
40.6
41.6
36.7
11.3
12.6
15.2
Maryland .................................................................
Mississippi ..............................................................
69
49
100.0
100.0
33.5
35.3
5.9
6.1
8.7
10.5
52.3
40.9
5.5
13.3
New Jersey .............................................................
New York ................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Texas ......................................................................
55
185
57
104
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
50.6
39.7
34.5
44.6
10.4
6.5
9.6
6.3
10.5
4.8
8.8
7.6
32.0
41.8
46.9
33.6
6.9
13.6
9.8
14.2
Hispanic origin
California ................................................................
390
100.0
52.0
19.6
6.3
29.2
12.6
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
61
120
12
100.0
100.0
100.0
22.5
10.7
11.9
Alabama .................................................................
Alaska .....................................................................
Arizona ...................................................................
Arkansas .................................................................
California ................................................................
Connecticut .............................................................
Florida .....................................................................
52
18
85
39
778
65
237
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Georgia ...................................................................
Idaho .......................................................................
Illinois ......................................................................
Indiana ....................................................................
Kansas ....................................................................
Kentucky .................................................................
Louisiana ................................................................
Maine ......................................................................
79
33
183
88
41
91
56
35
Maryland .................................................................
Massachusetts ........................................................
Michigan .................................................................
Missouri ..................................................................
Montana ..................................................................
Nevada ...................................................................
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................
Ohio ........................................................................
Oklahoma ...............................................................
Oregon ....................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Rhode Island ..........................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................
Texas ......................................................................
Vermont ..................................................................
Washington .............................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
Wisconsin ...............................................................
Wyoming .................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years–Continued
Pennsylvania ..........................................................
Texas ......................................................................
West Virginia ..........................................................
White
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 21. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Job losers and persons who
completed temporary jobs1
Population group and State
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Total
On temporary
layoff
Job leavers
Reentrants
New entrants
Hispanic origin–Continued
Florida .....................................................................
73
100.0
46.2
9.5
11.0
31.0
11.8
New Jersey .............................................................
New Mexico ............................................................
New York ................................................................
Texas ......................................................................
40
24
108
212
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
48.1
44.5
44.1
41.1
11.1
15.3
6.8
9.3
6.7
11.0
7.4
12.6
31.1
35.4
37.4
35.0
14.1
9.1
11.0
11.3
1 Formerly called "job losers".
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute
to displayed percentages because of rounding.
Detail for race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment,
1997 annual averages
Total unemployed
Population group and State
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ...............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ...........................................
California ..........................................
Colorado ...........................................
Connecticut .......................................
Delaware ..........................................
District of Columbia ..........................
Florida ...............................................
110
25
101
64
1,006
70
88
15
20
338
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33.9
38.2
45.4
37.7
35.2
52.5
28.6
35.9
20.2
40.6
34.9
31.8
32.5
33.9
30.0
28.4
32.7
33.1
26.0
32.5
31.2
30.0
22.1
28.4
34.8
19.1
38.7
31.0
53.8
26.9
Georgia .............................................
Hawaii ...............................................
Idaho .................................................
Illinois ................................................
Indiana ..............................................
Kansas ..............................................
Kentucky ...........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ................................................
177
38
34
288
109
52
104
124
36
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.3
32.1
47.3
35.2
46.4
44.6
37.7
37.6
41.0
28.8
28.4
32.6
31.7
31.6
31.6
34.8
30.3
28.0
Maryland ...........................................
Massachusetts ..................................
Michigan ...........................................
Minnesota .........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ............................................
Nevada .............................................
142
131
210
86
73
122
24
36
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.2
36.8
40.5
40.9
32.4
35.7
40.0
42.1
New Jersey .......................................
New Mexico ......................................
New York ..........................................
North Carolina ..................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oklahoma .........................................
Oregon ..............................................
Pennsylvania ....................................
Rhode Island ....................................
215
51
564
139
262
66
101
311
27
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
South Carolina ..................................
Tennessee ........................................
Texas ................................................
Vermont ............................................
Virginia ..............................................
Washington .......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wisconsin .........................................
Wyoming ...........................................
86
146
531
13
135
142
55
108
13
Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ...............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ...........................................
California ..........................................
Connecticut .......................................
District of Columbia ..........................
Florida ...............................................
Georgia .............................................
Hawaii ...............................................
Idaho .................................................
Illinois ................................................
Kentucky ...........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ................................................
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
17.8
16.5
12.8
15.0
15.7
10.1
21.9
11.8
23.1
14.9
13.4
13.5
9.3
13.4
19.1
9.0
16.8
19.2
30.7
12.0
5.7
8.6
3.6
6.3
8.5
4.1
6.7
8.6
13.5
5.3
7.6
4.8
5.6
7.1
10.6
4.9
10.1
10.6
17.2
6.8
25.0
39.5
20.1
33.1
22.0
23.8
27.4
32.1
31.0
12.6
15.6
12.4
16.5
13.5
12.2
14.0
12.7
11.0
12.4
23.9
7.7
16.5
8.5
11.6
13.4
19.4
20.0
7.1
6.9
4.6
7.0
3.4
7.2
5.7
6.0
8.3
5.3
17.0
3.1
9.6
5.1
4.4
7.7
13.4
11.7
30.9
34.6
32.7
30.8
32.5
32.9
31.2
32.3
34.9
28.7
26.8
28.3
35.1
31.4
28.8
25.6
15.5
12.6
14.1
15.2
17.5
16.0
14.8
14.4
19.3
16.1
12.7
13.1
17.6
15.3
14.0
11.2
8.0
8.5
6.7
7.5
5.5
8.9
7.8
8.3
11.3
7.6
6.1
5.6
12.1
6.4
6.2
2.9
33.8
38.1
28.1
42.7
39.7
41.4
42.0
34.9
28.7
30.1
34.1
27.7
31.3
31.5
31.8
36.0
34.8
37.2
36.0
27.8
44.3
26.0
28.8
26.8
22.1
30.4
34.0
16.2
13.2
17.9
13.4
13.8
14.1
13.6
14.6
20.2
19.8
14.6
26.3
12.6
15.0
12.7
8.5
15.8
13.8
9.7
7.5
9.7
8.5
7.0
4.8
4.5
8.3
4.7
10.1
7.1
16.7
4.1
8.1
7.9
3.9
7.5
9.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
39.8
37.3
41.3
40.4
35.4
45.9
31.0
41.2
41.7
32.2
36.6
33.0
32.4
35.3
31.1
32.5
35.4
32.4
28.0
26.2
25.7
27.2
29.3
23.0
36.5
23.4
25.9
12.4
15.4
12.0
16.4
15.4
13.3
14.5
15.4
15.7
15.6
10.8
13.7
10.9
13.9
9.6
22.0
8.0
10.2
5.9
7.4
5.9
3.1
4.7
5.1
7.3
2.7
6.1
9.7
3.4
7.9
7.8
9.1
4.6
14.7
5.3
4.1
51
16
51
37
556
52
9
178
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.3
38.5
45.8
37.7
33.3
24.0
19.5
41.1
37.8
33.1
31.2
30.0
30.0
32.8
28.8
31.9
26.9
28.4
23.0
32.3
36.7
43.2
51.7
27.0
16.7
16.3
14.7
16.9
16.9
25.3
25.9
15.3
10.3
12.0
8.3
15.4
19.8
17.9
25.8
11.7
4.6
7.6
3.0
8.3
8.9
6.6
10.8
5.3
5.7
4.4
5.3
7.1
10.9
11.3
15.0
6.4
85
22
18
161
47
58
20
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.8
26.0
50.4
35.2
40.2
36.1
37.8
26.6
30.0
34.1
30.4
32.3
31.2
25.9
26.6
44.0
15.5
34.4
27.5
32.7
36.3
11.9
14.6
9.3
17.2
16.4
14.1
11.5
14.7
29.4
6.2
17.1
11.1
18.6
24.8
10.1
10.8
2.9
6.7
3.1
7.5
9.4
4.6
18.6
3.3
10.5
8.0
11.1
15.4
TOTAL
Men
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Population group and State
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
Men–Continued
Maryland ...........................................
Massachusetts ..................................
Michigan ...........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ............................................
74
75
111
31
69
15
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
30.9
32.6
39.9
30.0
31.0
38.1
32.8
34.3
32.7
32.9
31.6
30.8
36.3
33.1
27.4
37.1
37.3
31.2
17.2
13.3
15.4
20.2
17.5
16.9
19.1
19.8
12.0
16.9
19.9
14.2
7.2
10.4
5.7
3.7
10.6
5.4
11.9
9.4
6.4
13.2
9.3
8.8
New Jersey .......................................
New Mexico ......................................
New York ..........................................
North Carolina ..................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oregon ..............................................
Pennsylvania ....................................
Rhode Island ....................................
Tennessee ........................................
Texas ................................................
Washington .......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wyoming ...........................................
116
28
296
70
133
57
170
14
83
284
78
33
6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33.0
35.4
27.5
42.5
41.0
42.4
33.6
28.0
34.2
41.3
46.3
25.9
35.7
29.0
34.4
27.4
31.7
27.8
36.1
34.6
33.8
37.6
32.2
30.4
34.3
31.9
38.0
30.3
45.0
25.8
31.2
21.6
31.8
38.2
28.3
26.5
23.3
39.8
32.4
16.7
17.3
17.5
14.7
15.3
13.0
14.1
22.8
15.3
11.3
13.9
14.8
19.5
21.3
12.9
27.6
11.1
15.9
8.5
17.8
15.4
13.0
15.2
9.4
25.0
13.0
8.8
7.6
10.3
7.6
5.8
4.2
9.2
5.4
9.0
5.1
5.8
7.1
6.6
12.5
5.4
17.2
3.5
10.1
4.4
8.5
10.1
4.0
10.1
3.7
17.9
6.4
Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ...............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ...........................................
California ..........................................
District of Columbia ..........................
Florida ...............................................
59
9
49
28
450
11
160
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
32.8
37.5
44.9
37.6
37.5
20.7
40.1
32.4
29.6
33.9
39.2
30.0
23.8
33.2
34.8
32.9
21.1
23.2
32.6
55.5
26.8
18.9
16.9
10.9
12.6
14.2
20.9
14.4
16.0
16.0
10.3
10.6
18.3
34.6
12.3
6.6
10.4
4.3
3.5
8.1
15.6
5.2
9.3
5.6
6.0
7.1
10.3
19.0
7.1
Georgia .............................................
Hawaii ...............................................
Idaho .................................................
Illinois ................................................
Kentucky ...........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ................................................
93
16
16
128
57
66
16
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.8
40.3
43.7
35.1
35.8
38.9
45.0
30.7
26.3
30.9
33.4
36.8
29.5
30.7
23.5
33.4
25.5
31.5
27.4
31.5
24.3
13.2
16.9
16.0
15.7
12.1
11.4
10.3
10.3
16.5
9.4
15.8
15.3
20.1
14.0
4.4
1.7
6.6
7.3
7.8
4.7
7.0
5.9
14.7
2.8
8.4
7.5
15.5
7.0
Maryland ...........................................
Massachusetts ..................................
Michigan ...........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Montana ............................................
67
56
99
41
10
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
37.9
42.3
41.2
34.2
42.9
28.8
35.0
32.7
32.2
31.8
33.3
22.6
26.1
33.6
25.2
13.7
11.6
12.6
15.5
11.7
19.6
11.1
13.5
18.2
13.5
8.9
6.0
7.8
6.9
11.3
10.7
5.1
5.8
11.3
2.2
New Jersey .......................................
New Mexico ......................................
New York ..........................................
North Carolina ..................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oregon ..............................................
Pennsylvania ....................................
Rhode Island ....................................
99
23
268
69
130
44
141
13
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.8
41.4
28.7
42.9
38.4
41.4
36.4
29.5
31.4
33.7
27.9
30.9
35.2
35.9
35.0
40.7
33.8
24.8
43.4
26.2
26.4
22.7
28.6
29.7
15.7
8.4
18.4
12.2
12.2
14.3
15.2
17.6
18.1
16.5
25.0
14.0
14.2
8.4
13.4
12.2
10.9
7.4
8.9
9.4
8.3
5.0
7.2
4.0
7.2
9.1
16.1
4.6
5.9
3.4
6.2
8.2
South Carolina ..................................
Tennessee ........................................
Texas ................................................
Wyoming ...........................................
52
63
248
6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
35.7
41.3
41.3
47.9
29.7
35.3
33.9
32.9
34.6
23.4
24.8
19.2
14.3
15.5
12.7
11.9
20.3
7.8
12.1
7.3
6.8
5.2
6.8
5.6
13.6
2.6
5.3
1.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Alaska ...............................................
California ..........................................
Florida ...............................................
Illinois ................................................
New York ..........................................
Ohio ..................................................
4
152
49
55
88
58
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
45.7
42.8
48.6
47.3
36.4
47.6
43.7
35.6
34.2
30.6
32.2
32.6
10.6
21.7
17.2
22.1
31.4
19.8
8.5
13.6
7.5
14.8
16.3
8.6
2.1
8.1
9.7
7.2
15.0
11.2
1.3
4.3
3.7
4.0
6.9
7.9
.8
3.7
6.0
3.2
8.1
3.3
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Population group and State
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
Both sexes, 16 to 19
years–Continued
Pennsylvania ....................................
Texas ................................................
West Virginia ....................................
61
120
12
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.8
46.1
24.9
38.3
37.6
31.1
19.9
16.3
44.0
11.4
8.8
20.2
8.5
7.6
23.8
5.2
3.7
11.8
3.3
3.9
12.0
Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ...............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ...........................................
California ..........................................
Connecticut .......................................
Florida ...............................................
52
18
85
39
778
65
237
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
36.5
36.4
46.6
44.4
36.4
27.9
44.6
36.8
30.7
31.6
31.2
30.5
32.7
32.6
26.7
32.9
21.8
24.4
33.2
39.5
22.8
16.7
17.1
13.2
12.2
15.1
21.9
13.6
9.9
15.8
8.6
12.2
18.1
17.6
9.2
6.4
9.7
3.4
5.9
8.0
6.5
4.7
3.5
6.1
5.2
6.4
10.1
11.1
4.5
Georgia .............................................
Idaho .................................................
Illinois ................................................
Indiana ..............................................
Kansas ..............................................
Kentucky ...........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ................................................
79
33
183
88
41
91
56
35
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.3
46.7
40.6
47.7
47.4
39.7
44.0
41.0
30.8
33.4
32.1
30.7
32.3
33.7
29.6
28.3
17.9
19.9
27.2
21.6
20.3
26.5
26.4
30.7
9.5
12.0
14.5
12.4
10.7
14.0
12.4
11.3
8.4
7.9
12.7
9.1
9.5
12.6
14.0
19.4
4.6
4.8
5.5
3.9
5.8
4.5
5.1
8.5
3.8
3.1
7.3
5.2
3.7
8.1
8.9
10.8
Maryland ...........................................
Massachusetts ..................................
Michigan ...........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ............................................
Nevada .............................................
New Hampshire ................................
70
112
158
97
20
29
20
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.5
37.1
43.1
37.1
40.8
43.7
52.2
32.0
35.3
32.4
33.2
32.6
32.1
31.6
26.5
27.6
24.6
29.7
26.6
24.2
16.2
12.0
12.0
13.4
12.7
14.0
13.6
7.4
14.4
15.5
11.2
17.0
12.7
10.6
8.8
5.9
8.1
5.5
8.7
7.9
7.6
6.9
8.5
7.4
5.8
8.3
4.7
3.0
1.8
New Jersey .......................................
New Mexico ......................................
New York ..........................................
North Carolina ..................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oklahoma .........................................
Oregon ..............................................
Pennsylvania ....................................
Rhode Island ....................................
Tennessee ........................................
Texas ................................................
Vermont ............................................
Washington .......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wisconsin .........................................
Wyoming ...........................................
152
44
348
81
213
45
93
245
23
99
411
13
129
51
86
12
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
34.3
39.2
32.0
49.1
39.7
45.6
40.9
36.0
27.9
37.6
41.3
40.4
47.1
31.4
43.5
42.1
30.9
34.7
28.4
25.9
31.5
31.0
37.4
35.4
37.3
38.4
32.3
32.9
29.1
32.3
35.9
32.5
34.8
26.0
39.7
25.0
28.8
23.5
21.7
28.5
34.8
24.0
26.4
26.7
23.9
36.3
20.6
25.4
16.1
12.8
18.2
12.4
13.0
11.2
13.1
14.5
20.0
14.6
12.2
16.2
14.2
14.3
14.7
15.3
18.7
13.3
21.4
12.6
15.8
12.2
8.6
14.0
14.8
9.4
14.2
10.5
9.7
22.0
5.9
10.1
8.8
7.5
9.2
8.8
7.7
5.1
4.9
8.6
5.0
5.1
6.2
2.5
5.6
7.4
1.9
6.0
10.0
5.8
12.2
3.7
8.2
7.1
3.7
5.4
9.8
4.2
8.0
8.0
4.1
14.6
4.0
4.1
Alabama ...........................................
California ..........................................
District of Columbia ..........................
Florida ...............................................
58
116
17
93
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
31.7
30.8
18.6
30.5
33.2
29.3
24.5
31.1
35.1
39.8
56.9
38.4
18.5
17.2
24.9
18.5
16.5
22.6
32.0
19.8
5.1
11.2
13.3
7.0
11.5
11.5
18.7
12.9
Georgia .............................................
Illinois ................................................
Louisiana ..........................................
96
94
64
100.0
100.0
100.0
41.2
24.3
32.7
27.8
31.4
31.4
31.0
44.3
35.9
15.0
21.4
13.5
16.0
22.9
22.4
9.4
10.4
7.1
6.6
12.5
15.3
Maryland ...........................................
Mississippi ........................................
69
49
100.0
100.0
25.9
27.0
30.3
32.2
43.8
40.8
19.8
19.6
24.1
21.2
9.5
5.2
14.6
16.0
New Jersey .......................................
New York ..........................................
Pennsylvania ....................................
Texas ................................................
55
185
57
104
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
33.0
21.1
31.2
40.6
29.1
26.7
29.8
35.6
37.9
52.2
39.0
23.8
15.8
17.6
15.3
11.4
22.0
34.7
23.7
12.4
10.9
10.3
8.5
4.6
11.1
24.4
15.1
7.9
White
Black
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of unemployment,
1997 annual averages — Continued
Total unemployed
Population group and State
Number
(in thousands)
Percent
15 weeks and over
Less than
5 weeks
5 to 14
weeks
27 weeks and over
Total
15 to 26
weeks
Total
27 to 51
weeks
52 weeks
and over
Hispanic origin
California ..........................................
Florida ...............................................
390
73
100.0
100.0
38.0
39.9
30.4
32.2
31.6
27.9
14.9
14.4
16.7
13.4
6.5
6.5
10.2
6.9
New Jersey .......................................
New Mexico ......................................
New York ..........................................
Texas ................................................
40
24
108
212
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.4
30.7
29.8
38.6
27.2
38.0
27.4
33.2
43.4
31.3
42.8
28.2
17.9
16.6
17.7
13.1
25.6
14.7
25.1
15.1
8.9
10.5
9.6
6.0
16.6
4.2
15.5
9.1
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet
BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the
sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute
to displayed percentages because of rounding.
Detail for race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
73.4
82.8
65.1
54.7
70.8
80.1
62.5
46.5
3.6
3.3
4.0
14.9
3.2
2.7
3.3
11.8
-
4.1
3.8
4.7
18.1
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
74.3
58.0
72.5
52.2
2.4
10.1
1.9
6.8
-
2.8
13.4
Black ..............................................................................
71.6
66.9
6.6
5.5
-
7.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
70.0
75.2
65.3
51.6
65.9
70.5
61.8
37.8
5.8
6.3
5.3
26.7
5.1
5.2
4.3
22.3
-
6.6
7.4
6.3
31.2
White .............................................................................
69.7
67.1
3.6
2.9
-
4.3
Black ..............................................................................
70.2
61.1
12.9
10.9
-
14.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.2
78.5
57.1
65.0
76.2
54.8
3.4
2.9
4.0
2.6
2.0
2.8
-
4.2
3.9
5.3
White .............................................................................
67.4
65.4
3.0
2.2
-
3.8
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
75.4
73.1
3.1
1.2
-
5.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
69.5
76.1
63.5
57.8
67.2
73.1
61.7
52.5
3.4
3.9
2.9
9.2
2.9
3.2
2.2
5.5
-
4.0
4.7
3.6
12.9
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
69.9
62.9
67.8
58.7
3.1
6.6
2.5
3.3
-
3.6
10.0
Black ..............................................................................
63.9
58.4
8.6
5.4
-
11.7
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
72.3
69.6
3.8
1.2
-
6.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
66.4
72.8
60.8
62.8
68.8
57.6
5.4
5.5
5.2
4.2
3.9
3.7
-
6.5
7.1
6.8
White .............................................................................
67.3
64.3
4.6
3.5
-
5.7
Black ..............................................................................
56.5
49.9
11.7
6.7
-
16.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
73.0
81.3
65.3
70.5
78.0
63.6
3.4
4.0
2.6
2.6
2.9
1.6
-
4.2
5.2
3.7
White .............................................................................
73.6
72.1
2.1
1.4
-
2.9
Black ..............................................................................
72.2
66.9
7.2
5.1
-
9.4
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Atlanta MSA
Baltimore PMSA
Bergen-Passaic PMSA
Boston PMSA
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
69.2
78.1
61.0
50.8
65.9
74.2
58.1
43.6
4.9
5.0
4.7
14.1
4.4
4.4
4.1
11.7
-
5.3
5.6
5.3
16.6
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
70.7
56.8
68.3
51.6
3.3
9.2
2.9
6.8
-
3.8
11.6
Black ..............................................................................
62.9
55.6
11.7
10.3
-
13.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
71.2
67.3
5.5
4.3
-
6.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
71.8
78.3
65.8
69.3
76.1
63.1
3.4
2.9
4.0
2.6
1.9
2.8
-
4.2
3.9
5.3
White .............................................................................
71.3
69.5
2.6
1.8
-
3.3
Black ..............................................................................
73.9
66.7
9.8
6.3
-
13.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
65.4
73.7
58.1
54.0
62.6
70.8
55.5
46.4
4.2
4.0
4.5
14.1
3.5
3.0
3.4
9.8
-
4.9
4.9
5.5
18.3
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
66.7
60.7
64.0
53.2
4.0
12.4
3.3
8.1
-
4.8
16.7
Black ..............................................................................
58.2
55.1
5.3
3.2
-
7.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
70.1
76.5
64.2
67.6
74.3
61.4
3.5
2.9
4.2
2.8
2.0
3.1
-
4.3
3.9
5.4
White .............................................................................
70.7
68.3
3.3
2.5
-
4.1
Black ..............................................................................
67.2
63.4
5.7
3.2
-
8.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
75.2
83.4
67.2
56.9
72.2
80.2
64.3
44.8
4.0
3.8
4.3
21.2
3.5
3.1
3.5
17.0
-
4.6
4.5
5.1
25.5
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
75.3
59.8
72.8
49.2
3.3
17.7
2.8
13.2
-
3.9
22.3
Black ..............................................................................
75.7
69.6
8.0
6.2
-
9.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
79.9
76.6
4.1
2.8
-
5.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
63.9
71.4
56.7
60.5
67.6
53.8
5.3
5.3
5.1
4.1
3.7
3.4
-
6.4
6.9
6.9
White .............................................................................
65.3
62.4
4.5
3.3
-
5.6
Black ..............................................................................
53.9
48.1
10.7
6.2
-
15.3
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Chicago PMSA
Cincinnati PMSA
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA
Columbus, Ohio MSA
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA
Dayton-Springfield MSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Error range of
rate1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
73.1
79.7
66.8
59.9
70.8
77.1
64.7
52.2
3.2
3.2
3.1
12.9
2.5
2.2
2.1
7.7
-
3.8
4.1
4.1
18.1
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
73.2
59.7
71.1
53.0
2.9
11.3
2.2
6.0
-
3.6
16.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
73.3
69.4
5.3
2.9
-
7.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
65.2
73.6
57.5
58.2
62.4
70.5
55.1
51.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
12.1
3.7
3.5
3.5
9.1
-
4.7
4.9
5.0
15.1
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
66.3
63.7
64.1
58.3
3.3
8.5
2.7
5.6
-
3.8
11.4
Black ..............................................................................
59.6
54.4
8.7
7.1
-
10.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
64.6
61.4
5.0
1.5
-
8.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
69.2
76.6
62.3
65.9
73.1
59.3
4.7
4.7
4.8
3.8
3.4
3.5
-
5.7
5.9
6.2
White .............................................................................
68.0
65.7
3.3
2.4
-
4.2
Black ..............................................................................
72.7
65.8
9.4
6.9
-
11.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
75.9
72.7
4.1
1.8
-
6.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
66.9
72.5
62.0
64.2
69.4
59.8
3.9
4.2
3.6
2.9
2.7
2.2
-
5.0
5.7
5.0
White .............................................................................
66.0
63.6
3.7
2.6
-
4.7
Black ..............................................................................
70.6
66.4
5.9
2.7
-
9.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
71.1
81.9
60.3
45.4
66.8
76.9
56.7
35.4
6.1
6.2
5.9
22.0
5.3
5.2
4.8
17.5
-
6.8
7.1
7.0
26.5
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
71.9
46.1
68.1
36.8
5.3
20.2
4.5
15.0
-
6.1
25.3
Black ..............................................................................
68.6
61.7
10.0
8.0
-
12.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
69.8
64.2
8.1
6.4
-
9.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
71.2
79.9
63.5
69.1
77.2
62.0
2.9
3.4
2.4
2.2
2.2
1.4
-
3.7
4.5
3.4
White .............................................................................
71.0
69.4
2.3
1.6
-
3.1
Area and population group
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA
Detroit PMSA
Fort Lauderdale PMSA
Hartford MSA
Houston PMSA
Indianapolis MSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
70.8
65.9
6.8
3.8
-
9.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
73.0
78.5
68.1
64.9
70.2
75.2
65.9
56.7
3.8
4.2
3.3
12.6
3.1
3.2
2.4
8.6
-
4.4
5.2
4.2
16.7
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
73.9
69.1
71.5
60.8
3.2
12.0
2.6
7.7
-
3.9
16.3
Black ..............................................................................
64.9
59.4
8.6
5.6
-
11.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
65.3
75.8
55.0
35.3
60.8
71.0
50.9
27.5
6.8
6.4
7.4
22.0
6.3
5.7
6.6
19.1
-
7.4
7.1
8.2
25.0
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
66.1
38.7
61.7
30.5
6.7
21.1
6.1
18.0
-
7.3
24.3
Black ..............................................................................
61.7
54.8
11.1
9.3
-
12.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
67.0
37.6
61.5
28.6
8.3
23.8
7.5
19.6
-
9.1
28.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
70.8
77.9
64.3
67.9
75.3
61.2
4.0
3.3
4.8
2.9
2.0
3.1
-
5.1
4.7
6.5
White .............................................................................
70.8
68.0
3.9
2.8
-
5.1
Black ..............................................................................
70.8
67.3
4.9
1.6
-
8.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
71.3
78.7
65.1
67.5
75.2
61.1
5.3
4.4
6.2
4.3
3.0
4.6
-
6.4
5.8
7.8
White .............................................................................
68.9
67.2
2.5
1.5
-
3.6
Black ..............................................................................
73.7
67.6
8.3
6.5
-
10.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
64.7
74.4
55.7
30.4
60.3
69.4
51.9
24.6
6.8
6.8
6.9
18.9
5.8
5.5
5.4
11.9
-
7.8
8.1
8.3
25.8
White .............................................................................
63.7
60.1
5.6
4.6
-
6.6
Black ..............................................................................
70.4
62.0
12.0
9.4
-
14.6
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
65.1
60.8
6.6
5.4
-
7.8
72.3
76.9
67.6
68.9
73.5
64.2
4.7
4.4
5.0
3.8
3.2
3.6
-
5.6
5.6
6.3
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Indianapolis MSA–Continued
Black ..............................................................................
Kansas City MSA
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA
Louisville MSA
Memphis MSA
Miami PMSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
White .............................................................................
74.3
71.8
3.4
2.5
-
4.2
Black ..............................................................................
57.9
48.1
16.9
12.4
-
21.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
75.6
82.0
69.3
71.0
73.3
79.1
67.5
63.3
3.1
3.5
2.5
10.8
2.5
2.8
1.9
7.7
-
3.6
4.2
3.2
14.0
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
75.8
71.9
73.8
65.3
2.6
9.2
2.1
6.0
-
3.1
12.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.4
76.6
58.8
65.5
74.4
57.2
2.8
2.9
2.7
2.3
2.2
2.0
-
3.4
3.6
3.5
White .............................................................................
67.2
65.4
2.8
2.3
-
3.3
Black ..............................................................................
65.4
62.4
4.5
1.9
-
7.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
74.2
72.2
2.8
1.1
-
4.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
63.3
70.3
57.5
60.0
67.4
53.8
5.2
4.1
6.3
4.3
3.0
4.9
-
6.1
5.3
7.7
White .............................................................................
62.5
60.5
3.2
2.3
-
4.1
Black ..............................................................................
65.0
59.4
8.6
6.7
-
10.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
59.8
69.5
51.4
28.7
54.6
63.8
46.7
19.5
8.7
8.2
9.2
32.0
8.2
7.5
8.5
28.5
-
9.2
8.9
10.0
35.5
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
59.7
31.3
55.9
22.8
6.5
27.2
5.9
22.8
-
7.0
31.7
Black ..............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
58.0
26.0
49.5
14.7
14.7
43.6
13.6
37.3
-
15.9
49.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
56.9
31.9
51.1
23.0
10.3
27.9
9.3
21.6
-
11.4
34.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
69.1
76.5
62.4
50.2
65.0
71.5
59.1
42.3
5.9
6.5
5.2
15.7
4.9
5.0
3.9
9.7
-
6.9
7.9
6.6
21.8
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
68.8
55.5
65.6
47.9
4.7
13.8
3.6
7.2
-
5.8
20.4
Black ..............................................................................
70.1
63.5
9.3
7.0
-
11.6
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
70.1
63.0
10.1
6.3
-
13.9
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA–Continued
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA
New Orleans MSA
New York PMSA
Newark PMSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
68.4
74.0
63.8
64.5
70.3
59.6
5.7
5.0
6.5
4.5
3.4
4.7
-
7.0
6.6
8.3
White .............................................................................
69.0
66.9
3.0
1.9
-
4.1
Black ..............................................................................
66.9
58.9
12.0
9.1
-
15.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.9
75.3
61.1
65.1
72.6
58.3
4.1
3.6
4.7
3.5
2.8
3.8
-
4.7
4.4
5.6
White .............................................................................
67.7
65.2
3.7
3.0
-
4.4
Black ..............................................................................
65.5
59.6
9.0
6.5
-
11.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
74.5
68.5
8.0
5.3
-
10.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
68.1
76.8
60.3
65.3
73.6
57.8
4.1
4.1
4.1
2.9
2.4
2.3
-
5.3
5.8
5.8
White .............................................................................
68.9
66.7
3.2
2.0
-
4.4
Black ..............................................................................
66.9
62.1
7.3
2.6
-
11.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
70.1
79.0
61.0
66.9
74.6
59.0
4.6
5.6
3.2
3.9
4.7
2.3
-
5.2
6.6
4.0
White .............................................................................
72.1
68.8
4.5
3.8
-
5.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
77.7
73.3
5.8
4.4
-
7.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
65.3
73.4
58.4
43.7
61.9
69.5
55.4
36.2
5.2
5.3
5.2
17.3
4.7
4.6
4.4
13.9
-
5.7
6.0
5.9
20.7
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
67.7
50.0
65.0
43.4
3.9
13.1
3.4
9.6
-
4.4
16.6
Black ..............................................................................
55.5
49.2
11.4
9.7
-
13.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
61.3
55.0
10.3
6.6
-
14.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
66.9
75.3
58.7
56.9
64.1
72.4
56.0
49.5
4.1
3.8
4.5
13.1
3.5
3.0
3.6
9.3
-
4.7
4.6
5.5
17.0
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
66.4
59.8
64.0
52.9
3.6
11.4
3.0
7.6
-
4.2
15.2
Black ..............................................................................
67.4
60.0
11.1
6.5
-
15.7
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
68.3
65.7
3.7
2.4
-
5.0
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA
Oakland PMSA
Oklahoma City MSA
Orange County PMSA
Philadelphia PMSA
Phoenix-Mesa MSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
61.2
69.2
54.1
49.0
58.0
65.3
51.5
40.5
5.3
5.6
4.8
17.5
4.5
4.6
3.8
12.5
-
6.0
6.7
5.9
22.5
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
61.6
50.4
58.6
41.8
4.9
17.1
4.2
12.0
-
5.7
22.1
Black ..............................................................................
57.5
50.6
12.0
7.2
-
16.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
70.7
79.5
61.9
56.7
67.8
76.3
59.4
50.4
4.0
4.0
4.0
11.1
3.5
3.4
3.3
8.0
-
4.5
4.6
4.8
14.2
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
70.6
57.1
67.7
50.8
4.1
11.0
3.6
7.8
-
4.6
14.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
82.5
78.7
4.6
2.7
-
6.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
68.5
76.0
61.8
63.9
65.0
72.3
58.4
56.4
5.1
4.9
5.4
11.8
3.8
3.1
3.5
4.7
-
6.4
6.6
7.3
19.0
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
68.3
64.5
65.0
58.3
4.8
9.7
3.5
2.8
-
6.1
16.6
Black ..............................................................................
73.3
65.3
10.9
2.7
-
19.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
65.9
57.0
13.5
4.3
-
22.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
63.2
72.9
53.8
35.0
58.3
67.6
49.4
26.8
7.7
7.3
8.2
23.3
6.8
6.2
6.8
18.5
-
8.6
8.5
9.5
28.2
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
63.0
34.3
58.5
25.8
7.1
24.7
6.2
19.5
-
8.1
29.8
Black ..............................................................................
61.9
54.6
11.9
8.8
-
14.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
66.8
60.9
8.8
7.1
-
10.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
69.5
75.3
64.0
53.2
65.9
71.8
60.5
44.0
5.1
4.6
5.6
17.3
3.8
2.9
3.6
9.1
-
6.4
6.3
7.6
25.4
White .............................................................................
69.9
66.4
5.0
3.6
-
6.4
Black ..............................................................................
65.9
62.2
5.7
1.7
-
9.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
65.4
71.4
59.4
61.3
67.2
55.5
6.2
5.8
6.7
5.3
4.6
5.2
-
7.2
7.1
8.1
White .............................................................................
67.5
63.7
5.5
4.6
-
6.5
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Pittsburgh MSA
Portland-Vancouver PMSA
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA
Rochester MSA
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
72.0
65.0
9.8
6.6
-
12.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
69.5
76.0
63.6
62.1
66.0
72.2
60.3
52.5
5.0
5.0
5.1
15.5
4.6
4.4
4.4
12.8
-
5.5
5.6
5.8
18.1
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
71.2
66.8
68.2
58.8
4.2
12.0
3.7
9.3
-
4.7
14.7
Black ..............................................................................
63.2
57.4
9.2
7.7
-
10.6
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
74.1
82.5
66.1
68.8
71.8
79.9
64.2
62.5
3.1
3.2
2.9
9.1
2.2
2.0
1.7
4.8
-
3.9
4.4
4.1
13.4
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
73.7
68.4
71.6
62.3
3.0
9.0
2.1
4.5
-
3.8
13.4
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
77.6
74.6
3.9
.4
-
7.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
66.2
75.5
58.3
63.2
72.2
55.5
4.6
4.4
4.9
3.5
2.9
3.2
-
5.7
5.9
6.5
White .............................................................................
65.8
62.8
4.6
3.4
-
5.7
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
64.9
60.8
6.3
4.5
-
8.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
67.2
75.7
59.0
41.7
63.6
71.5
55.9
33.9
5.4
5.5
5.2
18.7
4.5
4.3
4.0
12.0
-
6.3
6.7
6.5
25.4
White .............................................................................
67.4
64.5
4.2
3.3
-
5.1
Black ..............................................................................
63.1
50.8
19.5
13.1
-
25.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
68.2
65.0
4.7
3.0
-
6.4
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
73.5
79.2
68.0
70.2
75.6
65.0
4.5
4.6
4.4
3.6
3.3
3.1
-
5.4
5.8
5.7
White .............................................................................
76.0
72.8
4.2
3.2
-
5.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
81.0
76.5
5.5
3.2
-
7.9
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
70.0
77.8
62.2
67.2
74.7
59.6
4.0
4.0
4.1
3.1
2.8
2.7
-
4.9
5.2
5.4
White .............................................................................
72.2
69.5
3.7
2.7
-
4.7
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
74.5
69.7
6.4
3.9
-
8.9
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA–Continued
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
St. Louis MSA
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA
San Antonio MSA
San Diego MSA
San Francisco PMSA
San Jose PMSA
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
74.2
81.2
67.1
67.8
71.2
77.9
64.4
56.1
4.0
4.0
4.1
17.2
3.3
3.0
3.0
12.1
-
4.8
5.0
5.1
22.2
White .............................................................................
74.4
71.5
3.9
3.2
-
4.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
60.8
68.4
54.1
68.5
57.5
64.4
51.4
56.7
5.4
5.8
4.9
17.1
4.6
4.7
3.8
12.6
-
6.2
6.9
6.0
21.7
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
59.2
70.3
56.5
59.9
4.6
14.8
3.8
10.0
-
5.4
19.6
Black ..............................................................................
72.8
64.7
11.1
8.0
-
14.3
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
62.0
57.5
7.1
4.5
-
9.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
70.7
77.1
64.5
47.4
67.6
74.0
61.5
40.5
4.3
4.0
4.7
14.6
4.1
3.7
4.4
12.9
-
4.5
4.3
5.0
16.2
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
71.1
51.8
69.0
46.7
3.0
9.9
2.8
8.2
-
3.2
11.6
Black ..............................................................................
69.3
63.6
8.2
7.7
-
8.8
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
80.7
77.0
4.6
3.8
-
5.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
60.1
64.7
55.9
45.2
52.1
53.6
50.7
22.6
13.4
17.1
9.4
50.0
10.7
13.2
6.1
45.3
-
16.0
21.1
12.7
54.7
White .............................................................................
54.1
51.5
4.8
1.8
-
7.8
Black ..............................................................................
63.6
52.2
17.9
14.3
-
21.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
64.7
73.4
57.0
38.4
59.3
67.2
52.3
28.2
8.3
8.4
8.3
26.5
7.5
7.3
7.1
21.8
-
9.1
9.5
9.4
31.1
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
69.4
45.8
65.7
38.0
5.4
17.0
4.6
11.2
-
6.2
22.8
Black ..............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
57.1
31.2
49.2
17.7
13.8
43.3
12.1
35.7
-
15.4
50.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
67.0
41.0
61.3
33.6
8.5
18.1
6.7
10.1
-
10.2
26.2
58.6
66.7
52.0
54.3
61.9
48.2
7.4
7.3
7.5
5.2
4.2
4.3
-
9.6
10.3
10.6
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA
Washington D.C. PMSA
Baltimore central city
Chicago central city
Cleveland central city
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
White .............................................................................
63.9
58.8
8.1
5.2
-
10.9
Black ..............................................................................
50.3
47.1
6.5
2.9
-
10.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
63.0
54.2
14.0
6.4
-
21.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
71.9
81.3
62.9
68.8
77.9
60.0
4.4
4.1
4.7
3.3
2.7
3.0
-
5.5
5.6
6.3
White .............................................................................
73.0
70.7
3.2
2.1
-
4.3
Black ..............................................................................
69.3
63.5
8.4
5.6
-
11.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
77.1
74.4
3.5
1.6
-
5.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
55.5
59.2
52.9
50.6
53.3
48.7
8.9
9.9
8.0
7.2
7.3
5.8
-
10.6
12.6
10.2
White .............................................................................
51.2
47.4
7.4
3.5
-
11.2
Black ..............................................................................
56.3
51.0
9.4
7.5
-
11.3
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
61.8
66.5
57.8
30.3
56.9
61.7
52.8
17.5
7.9
7.2
8.6
42.4
7.1
6.1
7.4
36.8
-
8.7
8.3
9.8
47.9
White .............................................................................
77.0
74.8
2.9
2.1
-
3.7
Black ..............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
54.3
28.9
48.2
14.9
11.4
48.5
10.1
41.1
-
12.6
56.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
76.0
69.3
8.8
5.6
-
12.0
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
68.3
80.0
57.2
46.2
63.1
74.1
52.4
35.5
7.7
7.4
8.3
23.1
6.6
6.0
6.6
17.8
-
8.8
8.8
9.9
28.4
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
70.3
46.1
66.0
38.3
6.1
17.0
4.9
9.8
-
7.3
24.3
Black ..............................................................................
64.1
55.7
13.0
10.6
-
15.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
66.5
60.5
9.0
6.8
-
11.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.1
75.1
60.6
64.1
71.0
58.7
4.4
5.5
3.2
2.9
3.3
1.5
-
5.8
7.8
5.0
White .............................................................................
66.1
63.9
3.4
1.9
-
4.8
Black ..............................................................................
69.2
64.1
7.4
3.8
-
11.0
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Cleveland central city–Continued
Dallas central city
Detroit central city
District of Columbia
Houston central city
Indianapolis central city
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
65.4
77.1
53.8
33.8
60.2
71.4
49.1
27.7
7.9
7.4
8.8
18.0
7.2
6.4
7.6
13.0
-
8.7
8.3
10.0
23.0
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
66.1
34.6
61.1
28.3
7.6
18.2
6.8
12.7
-
8.4
23.7
Black ..............................................................................
58.8
50.9
13.3
10.5
-
16.2
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
67.1
34.2
61.2
27.2
8.8
20.4
7.6
13.7
-
9.9
27.1
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.0
67.1
67.0
61.2
60.9
61.5
8.6
9.2
8.1
6.5
6.2
5.4
-
10.7
12.2
10.9
White .............................................................................
72.0
68.2
5.2
3.2
-
7.2
Black ..............................................................................
57.4
47.5
17.3
12.6
-
21.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
70.4
64.7
8.1
2.4
-
13.7
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
58.5
68.2
50.1
27.6
53.0
62.1
45.1
18.2
9.4
8.8
10.0
34.1
8.9
8.2
9.3
32.0
-
9.9
9.5
10.8
36.2
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
57.7
30.2
53.5
21.2
7.3
29.8
6.7
26.4
-
7.9
33.2
Black ..............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
57.8
26.1
49.3
14.7
14.7
43.8
13.6
40.5
-
15.7
47.1
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
55.8
32.3
49.8
23.3
10.8
27.9
9.7
22.3
-
11.9
33.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
56.2
64.7
49.9
33.7
51.4
58.7
45.9
23.3
8.6
9.3
8.0
31.1
7.3
7.4
6.2
22.1
-
9.9
11.2
9.7
40.0
White .............................................................................
60.8
57.7
5.2
3.8
-
6.6
Black ..............................................................................
52.5
46.0
12.2
10.0
-
14.5
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
50.2
45.0
10.3
3.9
-
16.8
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................
70.8
80.3
61.8
52.8
67.3
76.5
58.5
44.0
5.0
4.7
5.4
16.6
4.1
3.5
4.0
11.5
-
6.0
5.9
6.9
21.7
White .............................................................................
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ...........................................
71.1
56.7
68.0
48.9
4.4
13.7
3.4
8.6
-
5.3
18.9
Black ..............................................................................
63.1
55.6
11.8
6.5
-
17.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
66.8
64.0
4.2
2.5
-
5.9
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
Los Angeles central city
Milwaukee central city
New York central city
Philadelphia central city
Phoenix central city
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,
employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Unemployment
Civilian labor
force
participation rate
Employmentpopulation
ratio
Rate
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
68.1
75.8
60.9
63.6
70.5
57.1
6.6
7.0
6.2
4.2
3.6
2.8
-
9.0
10.3
9.6
White .............................................................................
74.2
70.7
4.7
1.8
-
7.6
Black ..............................................................................
63.7
58.4
8.4
4.6
-
12.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
66.6
76.0
58.8
63.6
73.0
55.8
4.5
3.9
5.1
3.3
2.4
3.4
-
5.7
5.4
6.9
White .............................................................................
66.1
63.1
4.6
3.3
-
5.8
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
65.7
62.1
5.5
3.8
-
7.2
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
67.3
75.4
59.2
63.7
71.0
56.3
5.3
5.8
4.8
4.1
4.0
3.0
-
6.6
7.5
6.6
White .............................................................................
67.0
64.5
3.7
2.5
-
5.0
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
65.2
63.0
3.4
1.2
-
5.5
Total ................................................................................
Men ................................................................................
Women ..........................................................................
73.1
78.1
68.5
69.7
74.0
65.7
4.7
5.3
4.1
3.4
3.4
2.3
-
6.1
7.3
5.8
White .............................................................................
77.3
74.0
4.3
2.7
-
5.9
Hispanic origin ...............................................................
81.2
77.2
4.9
1.8
-
8.1
Area and population group
Error range of
rate1
St. Louis central city
San Antonio central city
San Diego central city
San Francisco central city
1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence
interval, which means that if repeated samples were drawn
from the same population and an error range constructed
around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true
value based on a complete census of the population would be
contained within these error ranges.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when
they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the
particular area based on the sample in that area. See
appendix B.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
TOTAL
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
19.8
16.2
17.1
18.7
14.3
14.8
16.9
16.4
13.4
15.2
16.4
14.9
18.6
14.0
16.5
13.8
13.6
18.4
16.2
15.6
16.7
16.3
14.9
15.6
19.1
16.6
12.8
15.7
16.1
15.9
19.8
16.0
21.4
15.6
11.5
16.2
15.1
14.2
15.2
15.6
16.0
17.1
16.2
13.6
16.3
15.9
16.2
14.8
15.1
13.3
11.8
11.9
16.2
15.5
15.9
14.6
16.8
15.1
3.7
3.8
4.5
3.9
4.8
3.6
2.6
3.9
3.5
3.2
3.2
3.7
4.2
3.5
3.5
4.1
3.8
3.0
3.4
2.5
3.8
3.8
3.0
3.0
3.4
3.3
2.8
2.6
3.6
13.3
13.5
16.0
11.2
12.4
11.2
13.0
13.1
12.3
11.5
12.6
8.7
13.5
12.4
14.8
11.9
14.6
13.3
13.3
11.8
11.1
12.9
13.7
10.9
13.4
13.7
12.5
10.6
12.8
14.4
15.9
15.6
13.6
15.2
16.2
15.8
14.6
14.6
17.8
15.9
12.4
15.3
14.0
14.2
15.8
13.7
14.9
15.1
14.1
15.4
15.1
15.7
15.6
15.2
16.6
17.2
15.6
16.0
10.5
12.2
9.7
12.5
13.6
10.7
11.8
11.8
14.0
12.8
11.5
16.0
10.6
13.0
14.5
13.1
12.0
10.3
13.4
13.5
12.8
13.7
15.7
10.9
12.2
12.9
15.9
18.7
14.6
10.0
8.3
8.1
8.7
10.8
12.6
9.7
10.5
11.9
8.9
11.4
10.5
9.8
11.4
12.6
9.6
11.5
9.2
10.3
9.7
10.9
11.3
8.7
11.1
10.6
10.9
10.7
7.6
7.9
4.1
3.3
7.1
3.3
5.5
8.8
5.7
6.5
6.9
5.0
5.4
9.7
3.4
7.8
2.0
6.2
4.4
6.6
5.7
8.5
6.5
4.1
4.4
7.4
3.8
4.2
3.2
4.4
5.3
3.5
2.8
2.7
2.7
3.6
4.4
4.0
3.7
3.7
4.4
3.7
3.2
3.5
3.3
3.5
3.6
5.3
3.4
2.7
3.4
4.1
5.1
5.3
4.3
2.8
2.9
5.8
3.6
4.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
3.2
2.1
4.6
3.8
3.4
4.1
3.8
3.0
4.0
3.1
3.8
3.2
4.0
3.5
3.9
4.6
3.9
4.6
4.7
4.8
3.8
2.9
2.3
3.4
3.8
3.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.7
19.1
16.9
19.1
16.2
15.2
16.3
16.4
13.1
11.5
13.5
17.4
11.6
14.8
13.3
14.2
20.0
17.6
20.2
14.9
19.3
16.2
14.9
18.4
13.7
17.7
14.4
16.7
13.1
15.9
16.7
15.7
14.6
12.3
15.8
19.0
23.7
20.8
5.1
4.8
3.6
3.7
3.1
3.6
3.1
3.2
3.3
2.8
3.1
3.8
3.8
3.6
2.8
3.8
2.2
5.5
3.7
13.3
14.6
12.4
14.0
13.2
12.9
12.6
12.4
11.5
12.8
11.4
13.6
12.7
13.1
11.9
14.0
13.6
10.6
11.4
14.3
15.1
16.3
11.9
16.4
15.3
14.0
14.1
13.9
16.5
12.7
16.5
15.1
17.7
16.2
14.2
12.8
11.1
13.0
13.6
8.4
12.0
12.3
12.7
13.2
13.4
11.9
13.1
13.5
14.7
11.8
14.3
10.2
16.3
15.2
14.1
7.9
10.5
10.8
9.2
9.7
11.5
8.5
11.5
10.0
10.8
11.4
12.8
12.1
8.8
11.5
12.3
10.4
10.1
8.3
10.3
9.2
3.8
2.1
4.5
6.6
3.6
5.2
4.3
6.2
9.5
4.8
6.8
2.9
5.3
5.0
5.7
4.4
3.8
7.3
3.4
3.7
4.1
3.1
2.3
3.4
3.3
4.3
4.0
2.7
5.1
3.9
3.4
3.9
3.6
5.0
2.4
1.8
2.0
2.9
4.3
2.7
4.0
2.9
3.2
3.3
3.5
4.9
3.6
4.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.2
2.6
2.5
3.8
100.0
100.0
14.8
21.7
11.0
22.6
3.2
3.4
14.8
9.5
16.2
13.5
15.6
12.9
11.3
7.9
4.2
1.3
3.6
3.1
3.1
2.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.1
15.5
8.4
15.4
6.4
22.1
13.2
15.9
12.3
15.6
9.7
16.9
8.4
24.5
14.6
13.2
4.2
2.3
3.1
2.6
2.7
4.1
3.2
2.9
9.8
10.5
9.6
12.6
8.3
7.1
13.2
10.5
15.9
14.7
15.8
15.4
16.9
15.1
13.2
16.8
21.5
16.7
18.2
11.5
24.2
16.9
16.0
13.6
9.3
8.6
11.5
11.8
8.6
3.6
9.2
9.6
4.3
6.7
13.1
5.8
14.4
1.3
5.3
7.8
5.6
4.4
4.5
3.2
4.4
3.0
5.8
4.6
5.5
4.5
5.2
3.1
5.2
1.9
4.7
4.7
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
TOTAL–Continued
Cities:–Continued
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.9
10.2
14.8
12.0
12.9
6.4
12.9
13.8
17.4
15.4
14.0
16.0
17.6
11.8
23.2
11.7
17.0
17.1
2.2
1.6
2.4
2.5
3.6
4.2
2.6
3.6
1.9
11.0
9.2
10.1
10.9
11.1
9.7
11.5
12.0
12.0
12.6
14.9
15.9
18.6
15.9
15.7
16.4
15.2
11.9
16.6
21.6
20.0
18.8
13.2
19.2
16.9
16.3
19.5
9.0
9.9
7.5
7.0
13.0
5.5
10.3
10.6
7.1
8.9
9.1
5.0
4.3
7.2
7.9
5.7
4.2
5.0
2.8
3.6
3.7
3.5
4.1
2.3
5.0
2.4
2.6
4.0
5.3
4.1
3.7
4.1
5.5
4.4
3.4
3.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
21.2
19.5
18.0
18.8
17.0
15.2
16.9
16.3
15.3
18.0
17.5
15.8
17.0
14.5
17.8
13.5
14.1
22.6
16.7
14.9
19.2
18.5
14.4
15.5
20.1
18.5
12.8
16.4
18.0
13.8
17.8
14.8
19.4
14.6
7.4
14.6
12.6
12.1
14.7
13.7
13.9
18.3
15.8
10.7
15.7
14.6
14.1
12.3
14.4
11.0
8.7
10.8
13.1
13.9
13.5
15.9
14.2
13.3
3.9
3.1
4.3
3.5
2.4
3.8
2.8
2.6
3.6
3.0
3.2
4.3
4.0
3.2
2.9
3.6
3.7
1.7
3.6
2.2
3.1
3.6
2.5
2.2
3.5
2.9
2.9
2.1
3.9
12.4
14.0
16.8
10.8
11.1
11.9
12.2
13.4
11.4
10.3
12.6
7.4
12.7
11.2
15.0
10.4
13.8
13.4
12.7
11.3
8.9
12.7
13.4
9.7
13.1
14.0
8.9
11.1
12.5
6.1
6.3
6.9
6.2
6.9
8.0
6.8
5.8
5.2
8.0
8.2
4.7
6.7
4.6
4.0
4.9
5.3
5.6
6.0
7.6
5.8
5.2
7.7
6.1
6.2
5.9
6.8
8.5
6.5
7.3
9.4
9.3
11.8
9.5
6.3
10.2
8.7
8.8
9.6
8.0
12.1
8.6
9.3
13.0
10.7
7.5
6.4
10.4
11.6
10.6
12.3
13.5
8.4
9.6
13.1
11.0
17.1
12.7
17.3
15.2
13.4
15.1
18.6
21.4
16.3
18.5
20.2
14.9
18.8
17.9
16.6
19.5
21.0
17.5
19.0
15.4
19.1
15.5
19.2
18.3
14.1
19.3
18.0
18.3
19.4
12.9
13.3
4.6
2.8
8.0
3.7
8.0
8.5
6.9
9.6
9.2
6.0
5.6
11.4
4.5
9.4
2.2
8.7
5.9
8.4
6.2
8.6
8.1
4.4
4.2
11.3
5.3
4.9
4.8
3.9
6.0
5.6
5.0
4.4
4.4
6.9
7.7
6.7
6.0
6.0
7.6
6.2
4.9
6.1
5.8
5.9
6.1
8.6
5.4
5.0
5.6
6.4
9.2
9.3
6.9
4.6
4.3
10.5
6.4
6.8
6.3
5.1
3.5
4.9
3.0
7.3
5.7
5.0
5.7
5.0
4.5
5.9
4.3
5.6
4.8
6.8
5.0
5.8
7.3
5.6
6.7
5.4
7.2
5.7
4.4
3.4
5.6
6.3
5.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.2
20.0
16.8
18.4
17.5
14.3
19.8
16.2
14.1
11.4
14.6
18.3
11.3
15.6
14.9
14.7
17.0
17.5
12.4
21.2
15.1
14.2
16.6
12.7
15.9
13.5
14.8
10.4
15.4
14.9
12.1
12.1
9.3
14.7
17.5
26.1
5.7
4.5
2.9
2.8
2.4
3.7
2.6
2.2
2.6
2.3
2.3
2.9
3.3
4.2
3.1
3.2
2.4
7.7
12.1
14.0
12.3
14.7
12.8
12.2
11.4
10.9
10.8
11.4
11.0
13.8
10.0
12.6
11.4
13.4
14.1
9.4
3.6
5.0
6.8
5.3
6.4
5.6
6.0
6.6
4.9
7.5
5.8
7.8
8.4
7.3
6.7
7.1
6.6
4.7
9.6
5.6
10.5
9.5
11.2
11.7
7.7
8.6
11.2
11.4
10.9
10.1
11.6
8.1
11.7
12.5
13.9
4.6
19.4
14.9
16.9
17.8
15.3
18.9
16.7
18.1
19.5
20.2
19.4
15.2
19.8
20.7
18.6
16.2
15.0
14.5
4.8
3.2
5.9
7.6
4.8
6.0
5.6
7.5
9.9
5.9
7.1
2.7
7.6
5.2
7.1
5.4
3.9
6.5
5.5
6.5
5.1
3.9
5.9
5.3
7.6
7.0
4.6
8.1
5.2
5.4
6.7
6.1
8.4
4.2
3.2
2.8
8.3
3.9
6.3
4.3
5.2
4.9
5.2
7.6
5.6
7.2
4.3
6.4
5.4
5.8
5.7
4.4
3.6
3.6
Men
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
Men–Continued
Metropolitan areas:2–Continued
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
19.0
19.3
3.5
11.5
5.8
8.5
15.7
4.3
4.7
5.9
100.0
100.0
15.5
23.2
9.6
22.4
2.8
3.6
13.6
8.2
6.3
4.4
13.8
11.5
20.1
13.9
4.9
1.6
5.5
5.4
4.5
3.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.5
13.5
9.7
16.2
5.8
22.4
12.6
20.2
14.5
7.5
15.5
10.5
11.6
6.2
14.5
14.2
12.2
11.6
14.3
8.4
15.4
7.6
23.8
13.5
9.7
14.7
6.2
13.4
14.9
10.7
17.4
8.3
15.6
17.4
2.6
1.9
4.8
1.6
2.2
4.4
2.5
1.4
1.9
1.7
2.0
1.3
3.9
2.5
2.1
4.0
3.1
8.8
9.3
7.0
12.2
2.9
6.7
13.4
10.0
10.8
6.5
10.7
10.3
9.9
4.0
9.9
11.3
10.5
4.3
6.5
4.8
8.3
6.5
7.7
6.5
7.4
7.2
6.1
8.9
10.1
5.5
9.2
6.7
8.2
6.8
19.4
16.1
12.3
8.8
20.3
16.9
10.6
8.9
13.8
21.1
18.3
18.7
10.8
25.7
14.0
14.7
21.5
16.4
15.0
20.1
19.7
16.7
6.5
14.6
17.4
14.0
19.7
12.8
13.5
21.1
10.4
18.2
15.9
12.8
5.2
8.3
16.3
6.4
17.8
1.5
7.8
9.9
8.7
15.7
4.5
5.9
8.1
11.4
7.2
4.5
4.0
10.8
7.5
8.3
5.4
9.3
5.9
9.1
7.7
4.5
5.1
6.6
6.6
6.5
4.3
8.9
4.3
4.7
10.7
6.8
6.5
4.8
10.2
3.6
6.9
6.9
5.8
9.6
6.8
7.0
6.5
8.7
6.4
4.9
5.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.3
12.9
16.1
18.6
11.6
14.4
16.9
16.6
11.3
12.2
15.0
13.8
20.4
13.4
15.0
14.1
12.9
13.9
15.7
16.5
13.9
14.0
15.6
15.7
17.9
14.3
12.9
14.8
14.1
18.3
21.9
17.6
23.6
16.7
16.2
18.1
17.8
16.5
15.8
17.9
18.5
15.7
16.5
16.9
17.0
17.5
18.4
17.4
15.9
15.8
15.1
13.4
19.8
17.5
18.9
13.3
19.9
17.1
3.5
4.5
4.6
4.3
7.4
3.3
2.4
5.3
3.5
3.5
3.1
3.0
4.4
3.8
4.2
4.6
4.0
4.4
3.1
3.0
4.6
4.0
3.5
3.8
3.2
3.8
2.7
3.2
3.1
14.2
13.0
15.1
11.7
13.8
10.3
13.9
12.8
13.3
12.9
12.6
10.3
14.4
13.9
14.6
13.3
15.6
13.2
13.9
12.4
13.4
13.0
14.2
12.3
13.8
13.3
16.2
10.0
13.2
23.9
25.9
26.6
21.6
23.9
25.6
26.5
24.3
25.1
28.7
25.3
21.6
25.2
24.9
25.7
26.9
25.1
25.0
24.3
23.1
26.0
25.3
25.7
26.6
25.6
29.5
28.1
23.9
26.4
14.2
15.0
10.3
13.3
17.8
15.8
13.6
15.2
19.9
16.3
15.8
20.8
13.0
17.3
16.3
15.6
18.0
14.7
16.4
16.1
15.3
15.1
18.5
13.7
15.3
12.7
21.0
20.5
16.6
1.6
1.2
1.6
1.7
2.7
2.7
1.8
1.5
2.6
2.3
2.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
3.0
1.6
1.5
2.4
1.4
1.8
1.8
4.2
2.0
1.7
2.1
1.9
1.8
1.2
2.0
3.5
3.9
5.9
3.0
3.0
9.0
4.2
3.1
4.2
3.9
5.0
7.6
2.2
6.0
1.8
3.8
2.3
4.5
5.1
8.4
4.7
3.8
4.6
2.9
2.1
3.3
1.6
5.0
4.6
1.1
.4
.6
.8
.1
.7
.9
1.2
1.1
.9
.7
1.2
.5
.4
.7
1.0
.9
1.1
.4
.5
1.6
1.0
.3
1.4
.7
1.2
.9
.3
.8
1.3
.8
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.5
2.2
2.4
1.3
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.3
1.2
1.5
1.8
1.8
1.6
2.3
3.9
1.9
1.5
1.2
.9
1.2
.9
1.2
100.0
100.0
13.4
18.1
17.3
17.1
4.6
5.2
14.5
15.2
24.8
26.7
17.6
11.7
2.5
2.7
2.8
.9
1.9
1.3
.4
1.3
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
Women
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
Women–Continued
Metropolitan areas:2–Continued
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.0
20.0
14.7
16.3
12.4
16.7
11.9
11.8
12.3
16.3
11.9
13.8
11.6
13.5
23.4
17.6
21.7
17.3
15.8
20.4
14.9
19.7
15.6
18.9
16.7
16.4
18.8
19.7
17.5
15.6
17.3
20.6
20.7
22.5
4.4
4.7
3.9
3.6
3.6
4.4
4.1
3.5
3.9
5.0
4.5
2.9
2.5
4.4
1.8
2.7
4.0
12.4
13.0
13.6
13.8
13.9
14.3
12.4
14.5
11.8
13.4
15.6
13.7
12.5
14.6
12.9
12.1
11.2
27.1
20.5
27.0
27.4
23.0
23.6
23.9
28.5
20.5
26.9
22.5
29.9
26.6
22.9
19.6
19.0
21.8
13.7
16.0
14.3
15.2
19.8
16.2
15.3
16.2
18.8
13.7
17.2
12.8
21.4
18.5
14.3
12.0
12.9
1.6
3.2
1.3
2.2
2.3
1.6
2.3
2.9
4.0
1.1
2.4
2.4
1.3
2.7
.9
5.0
1.4
3.0
5.4
2.3
4.2
2.9
4.7
9.0
3.3
6.5
3.2
2.8
4.7
4.1
3.3
3.7
8.3
2.3
.9
.2
.8
.8
.5
.2
.6
1.1
2.4
1.0
.8
.7
1.1
.2
.2
.9
.7
1.5
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.4
2.8
.3
1.7
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.2
1.2
100.0
100.0
14.0
20.1
12.6
22.9
3.7
3.2
16.1
11.1
27.2
24.0
17.6
14.4
1.5
1.0
3.4
1.0
1.4
.5
1.7
1.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.6
17.8
6.9
14.5
6.9
21.8
14.0
11.7
15.4
12.6
13.9
13.5
14.5
6.6
11.1
13.2
22.9
12.9
17.2
11.1
18.8
9.1
25.3
16.1
16.7
16.3
21.1
19.2
20.2
13.2
29.9
15.3
18.9
16.8
5.7
2.9
1.4
3.8
3.2
3.7
4.0
4.4
2.8
1.6
3.0
3.7
3.2
6.1
3.0
3.1
.7
10.7
11.8
12.2
13.2
12.6
7.5
13.0
11.0
11.3
11.6
9.4
11.4
12.6
16.2
13.3
13.0
13.6
27.0
24.1
27.5
24.3
25.2
22.3
22.3
25.9
20.4
22.8
24.3
26.7
28.8
23.2
26.9
23.9
17.3
23.5
17.3
24.3
15.0
27.3
16.9
23.4
18.2
20.6
22.1
22.0
18.9
16.1
11.5
20.0
18.2
17.4
2.6
1.3
2.6
2.0
2.3
.8
1.9
2.0
1.8
1.2
1.3
.9
2.9
.1
1.7
4.0
1.1
3.5
4.8
9.7
5.2
11.7
1.0
1.9
5.8
9.2
3.2
5.6
2.8
6.1
3.8
4.1
3.8
5.9
.6
.7
.6
.5
.5
.3
1.2
1.5
.3
2.3
.3
.6
1.0
3
( )
.7
( 3)
.4
.4
1.9
3.8
1.0
1.2
.2
1.9
2.5
1.5
1.6
1.0
.5
1.2
1.8
2.2
1.4
2.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
22.0
19.1
16.9
19.2
15.3
17.4
18.3
16.8
14.4
16.2
18.0
16.1
19.1
15.1
20.3
14.7
18.2
21.4
15.8
21.6
15.4
13.8
16.3
15.5
14.1
14.9
15.8
16.8
17.8
16.6
14.0
17.1
4.1
3.8
4.3
3.8
5.0
3.8
2.5
3.5
3.6
3.3
3.1
3.9
4.2
3.4
3.7
4.1
15.0
14.6
16.6
11.9
13.3
12.6
13.4
13.4
12.8
11.4
12.6
9.3
13.6
13.4
15.6
11.8
13.3
14.2
15.6
13.5
15.0
16.1
15.0
14.7
14.3
17.2
15.2
13.0
15.2
13.5
15.1
14.6
8.2
9.1
9.6
11.4
12.8
8.4
10.5
10.4
13.2
11.8
10.7
13.5
10.0
11.1
9.8
11.8
10.9
9.3
8.8
9.0
10.7
13.6
10.4
10.8
12.1
9.8
11.9
10.4
9.6
12.3
13.4
10.1
2.7
2.6
6.5
2.8
5.0
6.0
5.7
6.5
6.2
4.6
5.0
9.1
3.4
6.8
1.7
6.4
2.5
2.1
2.6
2.7
3.6
3.3
3.6
3.8
3.6
4.7
3.4
3.3
3.4
3.2
2.6
4.0
2.0
2.6
2.7
3.2
1.8
2.9
3.5
3.5
4.1
3.9
2.9
3.8
2.8
3.8
2.4
3.9
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
White
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
White–Continued
Metropolitan areas:2–Continued
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.9
18.9
16.8
14.9
18.2
21.1
16.9
16.1
19.4
16.7
14.6
18.2
18.4
16.4
17.2
15.2
14.3
13.9
15.0
13.0
16.8
15.4
15.6
18.1
18.6
15.0
3.8
2.8
3.1
2.3
4.2
4.6
2.9
3.3
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.3
3.2
14.3
12.9
14.0
11.1
11.3
13.1
14.2
11.4
13.4
14.0
13.5
11.5
14.3
13.4
15.0
14.5
13.2
14.7
11.8
14.9
16.1
15.1
16.5
17.2
14.3
16.3
10.5
9.6
12.0
14.0
11.7
10.7
13.9
8.4
12.0
12.8
11.5
15.5
11.2
12.9
9.3
10.9
10.6
11.3
14.6
8.8
11.7
11.3
10.9
11.8
7.7
9.1
4.1
5.6
5.6
9.8
5.4
1.8
4.5
7.2
3.3
4.2
1.9
3.9
4.5
4.8
3.5
2.6
3.7
3.9
3.3
5.1
4.4
2.8
3.0
4.6
3.3
3.6
3.0
4.4
4.5
4.1
4.4
2.5
4.2
3.6
3.0
2.2
2.3
3.8
3.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.0
21.0
17.3
19.7
17.6
15.8
16.8
16.5
13.5
11.6
14.4
18.2
12.2
15.0
13.8
15.4
21.9
18.5
20.7
15.4
19.3
15.8
14.3
19.5
14.0
17.3
14.7
16.8
12.4
16.9
16.9
15.8
15.1
12.2
17.4
21.5
22.0
21.3
5.7
4.8
3.2
2.8
3.2
3.8
3.0
3.4
3.3
2.9
2.9
4.0
4.0
3.5
2.7
3.6
2.1
4.6
3.4
15.7
14.8
13.9
14.7
13.3
13.1
12.9
12.1
11.9
12.5
11.8
13.7
13.6
13.4
12.0
14.3
13.3
11.3
11.6
15.0
12.5
16.5
12.1
15.7
15.0
13.8
14.3
14.1
15.8
12.4
15.9
13.9
17.8
16.8
13.0
11.4
13.3
13.3
10.0
7.8
11.0
12.5
10.3
12.9
13.1
11.6
12.7
13.5
12.6
11.5
12.0
10.0
14.3
14.4
12.7
8.1
9.3
10.8
9.6
10.2
11.2
9.5
11.3
10.1
11.1
11.4
13.4
12.9
8.6
13.1
12.2
11.0
9.3
8.4
9.1
9.8
1.6
1.9
4.2
6.0
3.6
4.5
4.3
5.4
8.7
5.2
6.7
2.6
5.3
4.4
6.1
4.1
2.9
5.8
3.0
2.9
4.8
3.4
2.6
3.2
3.4
4.2
4.1
2.8
5.2
3.1
3.3
4.1
3.5
4.8
2.9
1.2
2.6
3.0
4.6
2.7
3.1
3.3
2.9
3.2
3.6
5.0
3.5
4.9
3.5
3.8
3.4
3.7
3.9
2.6
2.5
2.9
3.5
100.0
100.0
15.8
23.4
11.1
25.3
3.1
3.1
14.9
9.5
16.5
11.5
14.8
12.3
10.8
8.2
3.8
1.1
3.6
2.0
3.4
2.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.8
18.4
10.1
18.0
6.0
29.7
15.3
18.3
14.2
8.7
17.5
14.5
14.0
7.7
13.6
15.3
19.7
15.4
16.5
9.7
17.9
7.9
36.4
15.8
14.5
15.2
16.9
18.0
21.6
12.5
25.6
11.4
20.3
20.7
4.9
2.5
4.3
3.1
1.3
5.1
3.5
2.4
1.8
2.3
2.1
2.3
3.7
7.5
2.6
3.2
2.8
16.2
10.9
9.8
12.1
8.0
7.1
12.4
9.2
10.2
9.7
10.9
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.4
12.7
10.9
8.1
12.2
17.8
12.4
14.5
9.2
12.7
17.0
11.2
17.4
14.5
16.2
14.8
14.6
17.6
13.6
10.2
15.2
13.1
14.6
10.0
23.1
9.6
13.4
12.4
17.0
16.5
16.9
13.3
13.4
9.9
13.9
15.2
18.8
13.7
10.3
11.7
12.9
7.2
1.1
11.0
9.5
9.7
10.8
7.5
9.5
12.7
9.6
11.0
8.9
5.8
.9
7.6
11.1
5.6
14.0
.4
5.4
5.6
10.5
8.9
4.7
4.9
5.9
8.3
6.2
3.3
2.8
2.6
3.7
4.9
2.3
5.8
.5
4.9
5.1
2.7
4.0
3.4
2.3
4.2
1.0
4.7
3.2
1.7
4.9
4.1
5.4
3.7
10.8
.6
3.8
5.8
4.2
4.8
4.2
3.0
4.0
3.9
4.8
2.7
4.2
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
Black
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
14.5
8.0
7.5
14.2
3.4
7.3
10.8
14.1
7.8
9.1
8.6
4.7
7.3
9.1
3.6
8.6
8.3
14.4
11.0
16.6
4.4
11.6
5.0
11.8
15.7
13.9
9.1
8.7
9.3
10.7
13.1
15.1
16.7
11.0
5.0
12.4
8.5
10.5
11.0
12.6
8.9
6.5
9.2
11.1
9.7
11.0
8.4
12.0
16.9
6.9
8.3
6.4
7.0
17.4
11.8
6.0
12.5
14.0
3.0
3.3
7.6
5.3
3.7
2.6
2.3
6.2
2.4
2.1
4.0
2.3
4.3
3.4
3.0
4.7
3.8
4.4
5.5
2.5
1.1
3.1
3.5
( 3)
( 3)
2.7
2.3
2.5
4.0
8.8
8.5
8.4
5.4
4.1
7.4
9.9
12.8
8.7
14.6
9.0
3.9
11.2
8.5
10.6
12.8
13.0
15.7
8.9
8.4
10.3
12.1
11.6
8.2
14.7
9.0
10.9
7.8
8.2
18.1
23.1
23.4
15.2
18.0
17.0
21.4
14.3
18.2
25.0
23.8
7.8
21.3
17.4
11.3
24.0
17.2
15.7
22.4
22.2
21.1
19.0
19.7
9.1
18.4
22.3
17.6
20.5
15.4
15.7
22.0
18.6
25.1
24.5
17.6
18.5
22.8
20.6
18.5
16.8
33.9
19.3
22.6
30.5
21.7
18.8
15.1
22.9
16.0
21.2
16.6
24.8
34.5
21.2
18.9
25.2
27.9
24.9
8.0
5.6
2.8
6.3
13.8
8.8
7.1
8.2
11.3
5.0
8.8
12.3
8.1
8.3
10.8
7.1
6.8
9.4
5.5
7.0
8.4
7.5
8.7
7.9
2.2
13.1
7.9
7.5
5.5
6.8
5.5
8.7
6.2
12.1
16.5
5.4
6.8
11.1
7.4
5.9
15.6
4.6
12.8
3.6
4.7
4.8
11.9
5.7
1.0
14.6
6.6
4.1
10.2
4.6
4.1
6.3
3.7
7.8
5.9
5.4
6.7
2.8
4.2
8.1
6.6
3.6
4.8
2.8
6.3
3.1
8.5
4.1
6.5
1.0
8.9
2.9
2.9
3.7
6.0
7.2
6.1
2.6
3.6
1.3
8.7
4.2
5.6
8.0
4.4
1.2
2.7
4.8
9.8
5.5
2.7
3.9
3.9
3.7
5.6
8.4
4.0
6.3
4.3
6.5
1.1
2.8
4.7
6.0
7.1
8.3
6.9
2.0
3.0
5.9
4.3
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.6
14.5
14.7
25.0
9.6
15.9
9.5
20.2
5.9
14.5
2.7
12.0
7.5
51.6
7.5
2.0
11.8
40.0
18.3
13.8
12.5
15.0
6.1
10.9
5.8
11.1
4.8
13.1
15.6
8.3
8.8
14.9
1.7
11.0
5.5
14.2
18.7
8.8
3.4
4.7
7.7
4.2
2.7
.6
5.8
1.3
2.7
1.7
4.8
3.5
2.4
5.6
5.1
4.5
( 3)
.1
7.4
8.3
16.2
4.6
11.6
10.2
13.8
8.8
17.6
6.2
10.7
9.0
5.2
8.9
4.1
9.7
12.2
18.8
10.8
7.6
13.6
22.7
17.7
14.6
21.2
22.0
19.7
8.9
12.8
23.6
15.6
15.8
22.2
7.9
10.6
36.6
25.6
.2
8.1
18.9
13.8
14.1
15.5
26.6
19.5
22.0
24.8
20.0
16.9
32.3
24.3
25.9
12.1
41.9
18.0
10.8
17.0
19.6
11.0
7.9
7.7
15.6
3.9
6.5
8.3
1.9
10.1
8.0
6.7
13.0
4.1
( 3)
3.9
9.4
8.1
9.1
8.8
9.7
1.2
6.4
5.6
3.7
6.5
6.0
7.3
21.3
.8
6.2
3
( )
4.1
2.2
1.0
1.1
( 3)
( 3)
5.5
6.3
5.4
.8
( 3)
5.4
4.6
6.0
10.6
1.3
5.2
9.8
12.6
3.3
14.9
5.6
.2
5.9
.1
8.6
4.0
.7
11.4
1.8
5.3
4.7
2.9
2.4
6.6
2.5
4.4
3.3
5.2
.0
3.6
10.1
3.4
4.4
5.6
100.0
100.0
4.9
17.1
7.0
12.1
4.0
4.0
14.8
9.2
16.6
20.2
23.7
16.1
15.5
7.2
6.0
2.1
3.2
6.5
1.5
4.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.6
9.2
5.9
9.7
6.4
16.5
8.5
9.9
12.4
4.8
12.4
8.3
15.5
9.6
3.9
1.8
1.3
1.5
2.8
3.2
1.7
5.8
9.3
9.8
9.8
8.6
7.2
12.0
20.6
20.9
13.7
26.4
17.5
19.3
16.1
25.1
24.3
26.9
16.7
24.8
22.5
24.1
7.1
5.4
10.7
8.7
9.0
5.6
5.7
6.4
4.8
16.0
5.4
14.1
1.9
3.8
7.5
5.9
4.4
6.4
4.2
5.0
9.3
6.0
5.9
4.8
2.0
4.1
2.9
7.7
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
Black–Continued
Cities:–Continued
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.2
17.3
12.1
8.6
9.5
4.7
5.4
6.1
3.0
14.5
9.1
17.0
5.7
12.6
12.3
6.5
20.5
10.3
.5
13.9
4.8
2.0
( 3)
2.4
3.0
.9
.9
3.0
3.2
( 3)
15.2
7.2
8.4
7.8
10.1
11.1
8.8
10.3
15.4
13.4
17.0
23.2
9.3
20.3
21.6
29.3
17.5
5.2
36.5
24.5
16.3
15.3
34.4
27.7
26.3
16.9
29.8
51.6
22.1
12.8
10.2
7.2
8.1
7.7
3.6
9.3
1.4
4.8
8.6
7.7
12.8
1.5
10.4
3.5
3.1
9.2
4.3
1.3
( 3)
( 3)
3.1
3.4
2.7
4.4
5.2
6.6
4.0
6.9
.3
7.6
1.2
4.4
7.1
4.3
4.7
5.6
7.6
.4
10.3
3.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.3
14.0
8.7
4.7
( 3)
6.6
7.4
31.3
7.8
12.8
12.9
13.2
5.7
6.6
9.2
6.6
13.3
8.8
14.9
7.4
7.7
9.2
10.2
7.4
8.6
17.3
26.1
6.7
9.0
3.8
5.5
9.1
8.3
6.3
8.6
7.1
14.3
13.7
7.8
1.3
4.5
19.2
.1
8.9
10.6
8.3
7.8
12.3
7.4
3.5
3.7
13.3
2.5
1.6
( 3)
1.7
6.0
( 3)
1.9
1.9
2.2
5.0
4.1
.8
6.6
1.7
( 3)
( 3)
2.6
5.0
1.2
3.2
.0
1.3
2.0
10.0
9.7
15.6
4.9
5.3
7.6
6.5
1.2
7.3
11.7
10.6
19.1
12.6
8.8
8.1
9.3
( 3)
( 3)
14.0
.6
3.6
7.2
13.3
7.7
14.9
10.7
7.1
12.2
8.8
2.5
11.1
13.7
12.0
9.9
18.3
9.0
17.0
17.8
12.6
15.1
12.5
11.1
( 3)
15.7
13.9
4.8
11.4
9.1
15.6
18.1
12.9
5.6
16.8
38.2
9.6
17.7
10.4
15.1
21.4
17.9
18.2
10.1
20.2
18.5
22.3
19.8
13.6
42.2
15.1
12.0
42.0
18.4
22.4
27.4
14.0
16.9
6.7
7.4
11.9
33.2
15.6
19.4
15.1
20.9
13.0
9.0
8.3
3.6
20.4
12.4
12.9
40.4
11.2
10.0
5.4
10.3
17.1
14.2
9.7
10.0
1.7
6.6
22.7
12.7
26.5
19.2
18.5
12.3
11.4
5.7
14.1
4.5
14.5
8.5
17.6
17.3
( 3)
3.2
5.4
32.8
11.4
17.6
2.3
9.8
16.3
2.6
( 3)
3.6
3.1
( 3)
4.1
1.6
.7
5.0
3.7
4.4
4.1
2.4
5.8
1.2
5.4
( 3)
15.0
6.4
( 3)
1.0
4.7
8.3
5.3
6.7
9.1
4.9
3.1
4.6
5.4
8.8
4.8
3.9
5.7
5.0
9.1
4.0
5.4
6.3
5.8
6.5
2.4
19.6
5.3
8.9
9.5
3.0
.1
7.1
5.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
24.6
15.8
20.8
8.9
6.9
4.1
4.8
6.1
7.7
3.1
16.1
41.9
4.0
8.1
8.9
9.3
10.7
8.9
7.1
7.1
3.9
3.7
6.6
7.5
2.0
1.2
7.3
11.8
8.0
( 3)
4.0
5.0
8.9
7.6
5.7
12.2
9.1
1.1
2.0
1.5
1.2
2.7
1.3
1.3
1.0
( 3)
3.3
( 3)
3.3
1.9
3.2
1.8
3.5
( 3)
8.5
13.9
8.3
10.8
17.5
8.4
6.3
2.1
9.3
10.6
5.0
( 3)
4.0
8.5
11.3
9.1
6.1
9.7
18.0
10.9
7.5
9.1
10.6
11.0
9.8
5.8
12.6
27.9
15.1
33.9
11.0
17.3
11.4
14.1
10.9
9.0
( 3)
18.2
23.0
20.9
20.4
19.0
28.1
19.0
15.7
8.3
16.3
6.4
15.1
19.8
18.8
29.9
18.7
27.1
9.2
10.4
13.5
16.0
10.2
16.8
11.6
12.5
15.6
3.2
12.8
13.2
27.0
13.4
14.1
12.3
8.6
11.9
( 3)
3.1
7.5
16.8
9.2
11.2
17.5
39.2
10.3
8.2
9.6
4.1
18.2
9.9
9.9
5.9
18.8
6.5
( 3)
9.4
3.5
3.6
3.8
4.0
1.1
2.1
7.5
10.7
3.5
( 3)
2.1
6.8
3.1
1.2
2.9
.2
23.6
6.2
4.9
6.3
10.0
5.0
11.0
9.0
6.4
.2
5.4
.4
9.1
6.6
3.3
4.4
9.0
11.9
100.0
6.1
3.9
.5
11.2
14.8
23.8
13.2
9.6
2.9
5.7
Hispanic origin
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, 1997
annual averages — Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Executive,
administrative, and
managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Service
Administraoccupative suptions
port, including
clerical
Precision
production,
craft, and
repair
Machine
operators,
assemblers, and
inspectors
Transportation and
material
moving
Handlers,
equipment
cleaners,
helpers,
and laborers
Hispanic origin–Continued
Metropolitan areas:2–Continued
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
10.6
10.5
3.2
6.8
4.8
38.0
14.2
3.0
2.8
4.6
Cities:
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.3
9.5
6.0
13.7
13.3
7.3
5.9
3.6
7.4
5.0
2.4
7.9
8.2
12.2
5.1
6.6
6.5
6.7
15.6
6.3
3.9
11.4
7.7
3.7
5.8
3.8
9.4
9.5
2.2
9.7
2.2
.1
1.9
.7
1.1
2.8
1.3
( 3)
1.2
1.8
2.7
3.5
7.1
6.2
7.1
.1
1.7
9.1
8.9
( 3)
8.1
18.6
7.0
8.4
10.4
8.9
12.1
11.2
12.3
5.4
12.5
12.2
9.9
13.2
16.1
13.9
11.4
19.5
12.3
9.4
18.0
10.2
18.1
15.4
44.2
20.4
25.0
13.6
27.2
9.9
19.4
18.2
18.4
29.1
15.2
10.0
23.6
6.4
4.8
16.1
12.5
6.7
9.5
7.3
18.2
13.7
18.9
11.5
19.4
28.1
10.9
20.2
2.7
9.8
17.5
37.6
10.1
18.8
14.2
9.3
8.2
4.2
4.5
2.6
3.7
9.2
.8
6.8
3.8
( 3)
4.9
3.2
4.6
6.2
4.3
2.2
8.2
6.1
7.4
17.5
2.5
7.6
6.9
11.2
7.2
16.2
6.1
7.6
3.1
7.4
1 Includes farming, forestry, and fishing not shown separately.
2 All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those labeled
Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical
Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary
Definitions".
3 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that
area. See appendix B. Detail may not add to totals because of rounding.
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages
Managerial and professional
specialty
Area
Total1
Executive,
administrative,
and managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Service
Precision
Administrat- occupa- production, craft,
ive support,
tions
and repair
including
clerical
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
3.4
5.4
3.4
3.3
5.1
3.2
4.4
3.2
3.9
3.3
3.7
5.1
3.0
3.9
4.4
3.7
5.3
2.9
3.4
5.9
3.8
4.4
6.0
4.5
2.9
2.7
4.5
7.7
5.6
1.5
3.1
.7
2.3
.4
1.2
1.8
1.2
2.8
2.4
1.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.2
3.7
2.4
1.1
.9
2.8
1.4
1.0
2.5
1.2
.3
1.6
2.6
4.5
2.2
1.4
2.4
2.6
1.8
3.7
1.8
2.1
1.0
.9
2.3
2.3
4.3
1.8
1.1
2.1
.6
2.3
.7
3.2
4.3
.8
2.4
1.7
3.9
.9
.9
1.5
3.8
2.4
( 3)
5.5
( 3)
3.9
( 3)
( 3)
4.4
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1.9
( 3)
( 3)
4.5
( 3)
( 3)
1.5
( 3)
( 3)
2.5
( 3)
( 3)
4.8
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
2.3
2.3
4.4
4.4
4.0
4.5
6.8
4.9
4.6
4.2
4.9
3.5
6.0
3.5
3.6
3.5
3.9
2.0
5.4
3.1
3.6
6.3
5.3
4.8
6.3
2.0
2.8
1.7
4.1
10.0
5.3
3.2
5.3
4.0
3.4
3.2
.8
3.5
2.3
2.1
3.3
3.9
3.1
3.7
3.3
6.3
5.5
4.4
.5
1.0
5.7
4.6
2.5
6.1
5.8
2.4
3.0
2.4
7.8
6.8
6.9
11.4
5.7
3.2
6.8
7.0
7.1
5.6
5.4
5.2
5.1
6.4
4.0
5.9
6.0
6.0
8.7
( 3)
6.4
7.5
3.9
10.3
8.7
6.4
5.9
3.5
8.6
9.7
7.6
2.6
5.3
1.9
5.6
4.7
2.2
4.6
3.0
3.5
1.1
3.2
6.7
2.6
2.7
4.2
( 3)
7.0
( 3)
2.8
7.5
5.9
3.4
8.0
1.8
3.6
2.8
4.7
8.4
7.1
5.3
4.0
3.8
3.9
4.8
3.8
4.8
3.9
4.8
7.2
4.4
5.3
4.6
3.0
4.5
5.1
4.2
3.5
3.9
1.4
2.0
1.5
2.2
2.0
1.7
2.0
2.6
2.8
2.2
5.9
3.3
2.3
1.0
1.0
2.1
2.4
1.1
1.1
2.0
1.9
.7
.8
2.0
1.5
3.0
3.1
.5
3.0
.4
2.4
2.2
2.2
1.3
3.0
1.9
1.2
1.0
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
2.1
2.2
( 3)
( 3)
2.6
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
5.2
4.2
3.6
4.2
3.7
7.3
5.8
3.1
3.1
10.4
3.3
4.8
4.2
2.6
5.0
3.4
3.3
3.7
7.9
3.3
4.0
3.9
3.0
5.5
5.3
3.1
2.2
4.9
5.6
3.5
5.5
3.9
2.1
4.3
5.9
4.7
1.5
3.5
8.5
6.2
8.3
7.4
8.6
4.0
6.7
4.9
7.1
10.3
5.7
5.5
5.4
5.7
7.8
7.6
6.2
8.1
7.2
7.0
2.9
4.4
3.7
5.2
3.5
4.8
5.4
4.4
9.3
5.9
6.9
6.4
3.7
6.8
7.0
7.3
6.9
2.5
5.0
4.1
2.9
1.5
3.6
2.2
3.5
2.6
5.0
8.0
2.5
4.8
6.1
4.9
5.2
3.6
12.5
7.4
6.9
4.0
7.8
7.4
6.8
4.4
3.6
2.9
( 3)
.8
9.7
3.2
2.5
( 3)
7.7
2.8
( 3)
2.6
.7
3.1
2.8
( 3)
( 3)
3.7
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
1.2
1.5
( 3)
13.5
8.7
( 3)
8.4
12.5
12.9
7.4
( 3)
11.7
6.6
5.4
3.5
3.9
8.8
6.5
( 3)
20.0
9.4
9.9
6.5
9.5
13.4
9.1
( 3)
10.2
7.3
( 3)
4.6
.6
10.8
9.8
( 3)
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities:
Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages —
Continued
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Area
Handlers,
Machine
Transport- equipment
operators,
ation and cleaners,
assemblehelpers,
material
rs, and
moving
and
inspectors
laborers
Metropolitan areas:2
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
3.9
( 3)
( 3)
2.9
( 3)
6.5
6.2
( 3)
8.3
( 3)
4.7
5.7
( 3)
6.6
( 3)
( 3)
7.9
( 3)
( 3)
7.2
( 3)
( 3)
6.1
8.5
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
12.6
6.4
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
4.4
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
2.1
( 3)
( 3)
4.9
( 3)
( 3)
3.7
( 3)
( 3)
5.5
( 3)
( 3)
7.4
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
5.8
8.0
10.7
8.4
( 3)
( 3)
5.4
( 3)
( 3)
12.6
( 3)
8.8
( 3)
10.1
( 3)
( 3)
10.7
( 3)
( 3)
17.7
( 3)
( 3)
11.3
( 3)
( 3)
12.0
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
14.5
12.5
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
3.3
5.7
4.9
5.4
4.0
7.6
11.6
2.2
( 3)
5.7
4.9
( 3)
3.2
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
9.4
2.0
3.9
( 3)
12.4
5.8
( 3)
( 3)
6.6
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
12.9
4.7
13.3
11.2
12.7
10.5
( 3)
( 3)
15.0
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
8.8
( 3)
6.6
4.8
12.9
11.8
( 3)
12.4
9.4
( 3)
6.1
( 3)
11.0
( 3)
( 3)
6.1
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
5.8
5.5
( 3)
( 3)
18.4
( 3)
( 3)
20.4
23.0
15.7
( 3)
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages —
Continued
Managerial and professional
specialty
Area
Total1
Executive,
administrative,
and managerial
Technical, sales, and
administrative support
Technicians
Professional
and related
specialty
support
Sales
Service
Precision
Administrat- occupa- production, craft,
tions
and repair
ive support,
including
clerical
Cities:–Continued
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
See footnotes at end of table.
6.8
8.1
8.3
7.8
4.6
5.7
4.5
5.0
4.5
2.3
2.8
4.9
2.1
2.0
( 3)
1.6
3.0
2.8
5.4
5.9
4.1
2.9
1.6
5.8
1.5
3.5
2.3
2.4
( 3)
2.5
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
6.5
2.5
10.8
8.4
10.8
( 3)
4.4
4.9
( 3)
7.5
10.8
8.3
7.2
5.8
( 3)
5.0
4.4
( 3)
7.2
7.7
10.1
10.9
4.3
( 3)
7.2
8.0
3.4
9.8
4.9
9.2
5.9
3.8
( 3)
( 3)
2.3
( 3)
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities:
Unemployment rates by occupation, 1997 annual averages —
Continued
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Area
Handlers,
Machine
Transport- equipment
operators,
ation and cleaners,
assemblehelpers,
material
rs, and
moving
and
inspectors
laborers
Cities:–Continued
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
1 Excludes persons with no
previous work experience.
Includes farming, forestry, and
fishing, not shown separately.
2 All
are
Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except
St Louis and those labeled
Consolidated
Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or
Primary Metropolitan Statistical
8.4
16.8
13.3
8.8
6.5
( 3)
( 3)
2.7
( 3)
7.0
( 3)
8.9
13.8
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
15.4
( 3)
14.0
25.7
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
Areas (PMSA’s). The differences
are discussed in appendix C,
"Geographic
Boundary
Definitions".
3 Data are not shown when the
labor force base does not meet
BLS publication standards of
reliability for the particular area,
based on the sample in that area.
See appendix B.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
TOTAL
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80.5
71.2
84.0
83.4
77.4
84.4
83.3
84.4
82.7
77.7
82.3
79.4
78.4
85.4
83.5
82.8
81.7
85.3
80.3
77.8
84.8
82.4
82.8
85.2
82.1
78.5
75.7
78.0
80.8
5.1
5.3
2.3
4.0
3.6
5.2
5.3
4.8
4.4
4.5
5.9
5.3
5.8
4.4
7.4
4.2
8.0
4.1
5.0
3.6
6.5
3.5
5.5
3.5
4.5
5.0
5.5
4.0
3.3
13.2
9.0
19.7
12.7
15.9
21.0
16.9
20.6
20.6
12.6
16.5
21.8
11.4
23.0
7.2
18.6
13.4
16.3
13.3
18.8
17.9
10.1
9.2
22.5
17.5
12.0
7.2
10.3
15.7
7.1
5.4
7.3
8.7
10.5
8.0
9.3
11.2
14.0
7.9
11.2
16.1
7.1
20.2
5.5
14.2
6.5
10.0
6.5
10.2
9.7
4.3
4.6
15.6
10.6
7.0
3.5
2.7
6.9
6.0
3.6
12.3
4.0
5.4
13.0
7.6
9.3
6.6
4.7
5.2
5.6
4.3
2.8
1.7
4.5
7.0
6.4
6.7
8.6
8.2
5.8
4.6
6.9
6.9
4.9
3.8
7.6
8.9
10.7
4.8
5.9
5.7
5.4
7.7
7.6
6.0
4.3
5.5
7.5
4.2
7.0
4.8
7.7
4.5
7.6
5.8
8.5
5.3
7.4
11.6
10.4
4.2
5.5
8.0
7.1
5.5
7.8
19.8
19.3
21.9
17.4
21.1
18.9
18.3
19.6
20.1
21.5
19.2
19.9
18.6
20.2
22.9
17.3
20.8
22.6
20.2
18.6
21.1
24.9
22.1
17.5
21.3
19.7
21.1
16.7
19.2
6.3
6.9
8.7
8.6
5.7
8.1
8.1
5.6
6.2
8.7
6.8
3.3
6.8
5.9
7.0
10.1
5.5
8.1
7.3
5.6
7.1
7.0
8.4
7.7
8.8
7.8
4.7
10.6
8.1
25.3
25.8
25.5
35.0
25.8
23.3
27.0
27.8
26.8
24.9
25.8
24.9
28.2
27.0
31.4
28.0
23.9
28.2
25.9
25.9
24.5
25.3
27.0
29.7
24.5
25.9
28.1
30.9
26.5
13.6
22.6
10.5
10.3
17.3
9.7
11.2
11.5
11.8
15.1
10.4
14.3
13.4
10.9
11.2
11.5
11.5
9.9
14.9
11.9
10.6
13.1
10.8
10.3
11.9
16.9
15.2
15.9
13.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.5
72.3
72.5
80.0
80.9
81.1
80.4
81.2
83.3
76.1
81.7
65.7
83.6
75.9
75.4
75.8
78.9
83.4
79.8
6.6
4.7
4.6
4.2
4.1
7.1
3.3
6.9
3.7
6.7
3.3
4.2
5.7
6.4
4.8
3.9
4.8
3.1
5.6
10.0
11.9
10.6
23.1
14.0
14.0
12.2
17.4
22.5
14.7
24.8
7.5
13.7
13.3
8.4
13.8
12.2
30.3
17.3
6.5
7.4
7.0
16.3
6.6
10.3
8.8
11.4
13.4
10.3
18.6
4.6
8.6
9.6
6.0
10.2
5.1
26.6
14.5
3.5
4.5
3.6
6.9
7.4
3.7
3.3
6.0
9.1
4.5
6.2
2.9
5.2
3.6
2.4
3.6
7.1
3.6
2.8
4.9
6.3
5.6
3.2
4.7
5.9
7.1
6.0
4.0
7.2
3.9
5.8
6.1
5.5
6.0
4.9
6.2
4.9
5.0
19.1
18.5
18.0
17.6
18.4
22.1
21.3
19.3
18.6
19.1
20.7
18.5
22.0
20.8
20.6
19.8
19.6
14.6
19.3
5.4
7.2
4.9
6.9
8.0
7.5
6.4
6.5
6.5
5.7
5.5
5.6
5.9
7.6
6.6
5.8
6.8
4.6
6.5
29.5
23.5
27.7
24.7
31.8
24.3
29.7
25.0
28.0
22.6
23.5
24.1
29.9
21.8
28.3
27.6
29.2
25.7
26.1
19.7
15.5
20.0
9.5
12.7
11.6
11.0
10.0
12.1
15.4
13.8
23.3
10.6
17.8
18.3
14.5
9.1
8.8
11.1
100.0
100.0
81.8
70.6
6.3
5.7
9.1
4.8
5.0
2.4
4.2
2.4
5.6
6.2
23.9
15.0
9.0
6.2
27.7
32.7
11.9
22.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
73.5
80.0
79.6
83.5
78.6
63.8
83.2
85.3
79.5
4.9
5.1
3.6
6.4
2.9
1.8
6.0
3.2
4.2
10.1
13.3
24.2
15.3
21.5
2.1
10.8
14.3
16.5
4.2
6.9
18.4
10.3
19.5
.4
5.8
7.9
8.4
5.9
6.4
5.8
5.0
2.0
1.7
5.0
6.4
8.1
4.3
5.9
2.4
6.3
5.8
5.7
7.8
6.7
4.4
16.2
16.4
17.8
17.0
17.6
11.4
23.3
24.2
19.1
5.8
8.6
6.0
9.8
3.8
5.3
5.0
7.8
5.4
32.2
30.7
25.6
28.3
27.0
37.3
28.7
29.0
30.0
21.1
14.0
14.7
9.4
18.5
30.3
10.4
10.7
8.5
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
TOTAL–Continued
Cities:–Continued
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
79.7
78.1
77.4
82.0
76.1
76.6
76.8
84.7
2.4
3.9
3.0
8.6
1.8
4.1
2.6
4.3
18.8
9.9
8.7
13.2
13.7
8.1
13.0
12.6
13.4
2.3
2.8
9.6
5.7
5.6
10.2
3.5
5.4
7.6
5.9
3.7
7.9
2.5
2.8
9.1
5.3
5.7
4.3
6.1
5.0
5.6
4.1
6.9
16.1
16.8
15.7
21.6
16.8
21.5
19.2
22.7
5.7
10.9
7.5
6.7
5.2
6.6
6.2
5.3
31.5
30.9
38.2
25.5
33.7
30.1
31.6
32.9
16.9
16.2
18.3
11.8
19.3
18.0
14.6
8.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
84.4
74.7
83.8
83.8
77.2
85.2
84.6
84.5
82.4
78.3
84.9
78.7
79.7
88.2
83.5
83.2
84.2
85.5
83.3
79.4
86.3
86.8
83.7
86.1
84.1
78.6
76.5
79.1
82.0
8.8
9.5
4.0
6.8
5.1
8.6
8.7
7.9
7.0
7.7
9.8
8.5
9.0
7.0
12.2
7.6
12.6
6.9
9.4
5.8
10.7
5.6
9.5
6.2
7.8
8.6
9.7
6.7
5.6
15.9
12.2
22.8
16.7
23.4
24.3
21.1
28.0
28.5
15.9
20.1
28.6
14.5
31.9
9.9
26.1
16.9
21.9
18.0
21.2
24.6
13.6
9.3
32.9
22.2
13.8
10.3
9.7
19.6
10.0
8.5
9.5
11.5
16.1
10.2
12.6
17.1
20.0
10.9
14.0
21.9
9.2
28.7
8.1
20.0
8.4
14.5
9.2
12.8
14.5
5.9
5.5
24.7
14.0
8.8
5.2
2.9
8.5
5.9
3.6
13.3
5.2
7.3
14.1
8.5
10.9
8.5
5.1
6.1
6.6
5.2
3.2
1.8
6.1
8.5
7.4
8.8
8.4
10.1
7.7
3.7
8.2
8.2
5.0
5.1
6.8
11.1
13.2
6.4
7.0
7.1
6.7
11.0
9.2
7.6
6.1
8.1
9.2
5.6
8.5
6.0
9.4
6.2
9.4
8.6
10.9
6.2
9.4
16.4
12.5
4.7
6.4
9.3
10.0
7.4
10.0
20.2
20.6
22.6
18.2
19.5
20.2
18.6
17.2
19.4
19.0
19.2
17.3
19.5
19.3
22.4
18.1
20.3
23.7
19.8
19.9
20.8
26.5
23.7
16.9
21.7
20.6
19.0
20.0
20.4
4.7
5.5
8.5
7.5
4.4
5.6
7.1
4.0
4.1
6.7
5.3
2.8
5.2
4.3
5.9
5.8
3.9
5.1
4.9
4.3
4.1
4.9
6.9
4.2
6.4
6.6
3.1
10.8
7.0
21.5
20.3
18.9
27.4
18.1
15.3
19.9
19.9
16.9
20.9
20.4
15.9
22.3
19.7
23.7
19.2
18.1
19.2
20.2
22.1
16.2
19.8
21.7
20.8
19.5
19.5
21.8
24.5
19.2
9.3
18.2
9.5
9.4
16.1
7.7
9.3
10.2
11.3
14.0
8.0
13.9
12.3
7.6
9.4
9.3
8.4
7.7
11.3
8.8
9.2
8.3
8.5
8.3
9.6
15.7
11.1
13.9
12.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.1
73.4
73.1
81.8
79.1
83.5
79.7
82.5
83.2
77.5
83.6
69.1
84.4
77.8
76.1
78.4
76.8
85.5
82.1
11.4
7.0
7.8
6.2
7.0
11.2
5.6
10.9
6.6
10.4
6.1
7.5
10.1
10.7
8.4
6.9
7.9
4.5
8.8
14.5
16.3
14.6
28.2
18.1
17.3
16.6
21.9
27.9
18.5
30.6
9.8
19.1
16.8
10.0
17.4
12.7
35.5
22.9
10.7
10.6
10.0
21.2
9.6
12.9
12.4
15.1
16.3
12.8
24.0
5.8
12.6
12.5
8.2
13.3
6.9
31.8
20.0
3.9
5.6
4.6
6.9
8.5
4.4
4.2
6.8
11.6
5.7
6.6
4.0
6.5
4.3
1.8
4.1
5.8
3.8
3.0
7.0
7.6
7.1
4.0
6.1
6.6
10.7
8.4
5.7
9.4
5.8
8.4
8.4
6.3
8.3
5.9
6.9
6.3
5.1
18.5
17.4
18.2
17.5
19.2
23.2
19.1
18.8
18.4
19.6
20.6
19.9
20.2
20.4
21.3
19.5
18.3
14.0
19.2
2.3
5.5
2.9
5.0
6.0
5.0
4.2
5.0
5.6
3.4
3.6
4.2
4.4
6.2
3.5
5.5
6.5
4.1
4.7
22.3
19.5
21.1
20.5
22.7
19.7
22.6
17.4
19.0
16.1
16.9
19.3
21.7
16.8
23.5
23.3
24.6
20.9
21.3
17.8
14.5
18.9
6.2
12.7
9.1
10.0
8.1
10.5
12.9
11.0
19.9
9.7
15.2
16.6
11.4
7.4
5.3
8.8
Men
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
Men–Continued
Metropolitan areas:4–Continued
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
83.1
73.1
10.4
9.8
11.3
6.4
6.4
3.4
4.9
3.0
6.8
7.6
24.2
14.8
6.5
5.0
23.5
29.5
9.5
20.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
79.0
81.0
84.3
81.7
66.6
84.1
84.6
81.4
79.2
79.3
75.0
85.3
72.9
76.6
79.3
82.5
8.6
8.9
6.4
11.2
5.9
3.3
9.7
5.4
6.7
4.9
6.6
5.9
14.1
2.8
7.1
4.3
7.8
12.1
16.5
34.4
18.9
29.8
2.2
14.8
18.7
17.5
31.4
9.2
11.3
16.0
20.2
9.6
15.3
9.8
4.6
9.6
27.9
13.5
28.4
.2
8.4
10.2
10.6
23.6
2.6
4.1
12.1
8.4
8.1
12.1
3.4
7.5
6.9
6.5
5.4
1.4
2.0
6.4
8.6
6.9
7.8
6.6
7.2
3.8
11.8
1.5
3.2
6.4
5.5
7.0
3.9
7.0
8.0
8.3
9.3
10.8
5.3
4.4
7.7
6.5
5.9
7.6
8.7
5.8
8.7
19.3
17.6
15.6
16.2
15.0
12.8
23.5
23.5
21.6
15.4
20.3
18.3
22.7
14.0
23.6
17.2
21.8
6.5
8.0
2.5
7.7
1.7
6.3
3.9
5.4
4.6
1.7
11.0
4.1
4.7
5.4
3.9
6.8
5.3
23.0
20.9
18.3
22.7
21.2
33.7
21.5
20.8
25.7
21.3
24.4
28.9
21.6
23.0
23.2
29.9
29.1
18.4
14.5
12.1
8.0
15.1
26.5
8.4
8.4
5.3
16.5
14.2
19.3
8.5
22.9
17.3
11.4
7.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
76.0
67.7
84.3
82.9
77.7
83.5
81.8
84.2
83.0
77.0
79.1
80.3
76.8
82.2
83.5
82.4
78.4
85.1
77.2
75.6
83.1
77.8
81.6
84.2
79.7
78.3
74.9
76.6
79.4
.9
1.0
.2
.8
1.9
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.0
1.2
1.4
2.1
1.4
1.9
.7
1.6
1.1
.6
.6
1.8
1.5
.4
.3
.8
.6
1.1
.7
.8
10.1
5.7
15.7
8.3
8.0
17.1
11.9
12.3
11.7
8.8
12.1
13.6
7.9
12.8
4.0
10.9
8.7
10.3
8.5
15.6
10.4
6.5
9.1
10.4
12.0
9.7
4.0
11.1
11.4
3.9
2.2
4.6
5.6
4.5
5.4
5.4
4.6
7.2
4.6
7.9
9.2
4.6
10.4
2.5
8.2
3.8
5.0
3.8
6.7
4.4
2.7
3.5
5.0
6.6
4.8
1.7
2.3
5.0
6.2
3.5
11.1
2.7
3.5
11.7
6.5
7.6
4.5
4.3
4.2
4.4
3.3
2.4
1.5
2.8
4.9
5.3
4.6
8.9
6.0
3.8
5.7
5.4
5.3
4.9
2.3
8.7
6.3
7.8
3.1
4.5
4.2
4.0
4.1
5.7
4.2
2.2
2.7
5.3
2.6
5.2
3.4
5.7
2.6
5.3
2.9
6.0
4.0
5.2
6.7
7.8
3.8
4.5
6.3
4.1
3.1
5.3
19.3
18.1
21.0
16.5
22.8
17.5
18.0
22.2
20.9
24.2
19.2
23.0
17.6
21.3
23.5
16.6
21.6
21.5
20.7
16.7
21.5
23.3
20.2
18.1
20.7
18.7
23.4
12.7
17.8
8.2
8.4
9.0
9.8
7.1
11.1
9.3
7.3
8.5
10.9
8.6
4.0
8.6
7.7
8.2
14.6
7.8
11.3
9.7
7.4
10.5
9.0
10.4
11.8
11.5
9.3
6.4
10.3
9.5
29.7
31.5
33.9
43.3
34.0
32.5
35.6
36.8
38.0
29.4
32.4
35.7
35.0
35.6
40.2
37.0
31.7
38.1
31.7
31.2
33.7
30.9
33.8
39.9
30.2
33.7
34.7
38.8
34.6
18.5
27.2
11.7
11.3
18.7
12.0
13.5
13.0
12.2
16.3
13.4
14.8
14.7
14.7
13.2
13.8
15.6
12.3
18.5
16.2
12.2
18.1
13.7
12.6
14.4
18.4
19.5
18.4
15.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
71.0
71.9
77.6
2.0
2.0
.9
1.5
5.6
6.9
6.0
16.5
2.5
3.6
3.5
9.7
3.1
3.3
2.4
6.8
2.7
4.9
3.9
2.2
19.7
19.7
17.8
17.7
8.4
9.2
7.3
9.4
36.5
28.2
35.3
30.4
21.5
16.6
21.1
13.8
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
Women
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
Women–Continued
Metropolitan areas:4–Continued
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.9
78.3
81.2
79.6
83.4
74.3
79.6
61.8
82.8
73.6
74.7
72.7
81.2
80.6
77.0
.9
2.0
.5
1.7
.4
1.9
.3
.2
1.0
1.4
.7
.3
1.4
1.3
1.6
9.5
9.8
7.1
11.7
16.5
9.9
18.4
4.9
8.0
9.2
6.5
9.5
11.6
23.7
10.4
3.3
7.1
4.8
6.7
10.2
7.0
12.7
3.3
4.2
6.3
3.6
6.5
3.0
20.2
7.8
6.2
2.8
2.3
4.9
6.3
2.9
5.8
1.6
3.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
8.6
3.5
2.6
3.3
5.1
3.0
3.0
2.2
4.4
1.8
2.8
3.7
4.7
3.5
3.7
5.5
3.2
4.9
17.6
20.7
23.8
19.9
18.7
18.4
20.8
17.0
24.0
21.4
19.8
20.2
21.1
15.3
19.5
10.1
10.7
8.9
8.5
7.5
8.7
7.7
7.2
7.5
9.1
10.0
6.2
7.1
5.2
8.6
41.4
29.9
37.7
34.8
38.1
31.0
30.7
29.8
38.6
27.7
33.7
32.7
34.5
31.8
32.1
12.7
14.7
12.2
12.4
13.8
18.7
16.9
27.4
11.7
21.0
20.3
18.3
11.1
13.2
13.8
100.0
100.0
80.4
67.7
1.7
1.1
6.7
2.9
3.3
1.3
3.4
1.6
4.3
4.7
23.6
15.1
11.8
7.7
32.2
36.3
14.5
25.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
72.0
81.2
78.2
82.5
76.2
61.1
82.0
86.0
76.7
80.0
76.6
79.7
78.0
79.7
76.5
73.6
87.1
1.2
.8
.8
.2
.6
.3
.9
1.1
.4
.1
.6
.2
1.9
.6
1.0
.6
.5
8.2
9.5
13.6
10.6
14.9
2.1
5.4
10.0
15.0
7.4
10.7
6.2
9.9
6.1
6.4
10.1
15.6
3.8
3.8
8.5
6.2
12.3
.6
2.3
5.7
5.1
4.2
2.0
1.5
6.5
2.7
2.9
7.7
3.7
4.4
5.8
5.0
4.4
2.6
1.5
3.1
4.3
9.9
3.2
8.8
4.7
3.4
3.4
3.5
2.4
12.0
3.1
4.7
.9
5.5
4.0
3.3
5.7
2.7
3.0
6.1
3.3
2.1
6.3
1.9
2.3
2.0
5.0
13.3
15.1
20.1
18.1
19.6
10.1
23.0
24.9
15.4
16.6
12.4
13.2
20.3
20.1
19.2
21.7
23.7
5.1
9.2
9.7
12.5
5.4
4.4
6.6
10.1
6.5
9.2
10.8
10.8
9.0
5.0
9.5
5.6
5.4
41.1
42.1
33.2
35.6
31.7
40.9
38.7
37.1
36.4
40.7
38.8
47.1
30.4
46.1
37.4
33.7
36.9
23.8
13.5
17.4
11.2
21.3
34.1
13.2
12.8
13.2
17.2
18.6
17.3
15.9
15.1
18.7
18.6
8.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80.5
72.5
84.8
83.0
79.0
84.5
84.8
85.0
83.7
78.3
83.3
79.6
78.1
86.2
84.1
82.3
82.9
85.9
81.7
5.5
6.0
2.5
4.1
3.9
5.7
6.0
4.9
4.5
4.8
6.9
5.1
5.9
5.1
7.5
4.8
9.4
4.7
5.6
13.1
8.7
19.5
12.4
15.7
18.5
17.9
20.9
21.4
13.4
16.3
21.4
11.6
22.8
8.1
18.9
14.9
16.2
13.5
7.8
6.2
7.3
8.5
11.0
8.0
10.0
11.1
14.2
8.1
11.0
15.7
7.2
19.9
6.4
14.2
7.1
9.6
6.9
5.2
2.6
12.2
3.9
4.8
10.4
7.9
9.9
7.2
5.3
5.3
5.7
4.4
2.9
1.8
4.7
7.7
6.7
6.6
10.3
5.0
6.3
5.7
5.8
8.7
7.5
5.8
4.2
5.5
7.1
4.6
6.8
4.9
8.0
4.4
6.7
5.6
8.8
20.0
21.2
22.7
17.6
22.4
20.3
18.9
20.1
20.4
21.5
19.6
20.0
18.0
21.5
21.9
16.4
20.3
22.9
20.9
6.7
7.3
9.2
8.5
5.4
8.4
8.4
6.1
6.3
8.4
7.0
3.8
7.1
6.4
7.9
10.4
5.8
7.7
6.8
24.9
24.1
24.5
34.7
25.7
22.8
26.1
27.2
26.7
24.8
25.6
24.7
28.1
25.4
30.8
27.3
23.0
28.7
26.0
12.7
20.8
9.8
10.2
15.3
9.3
9.6
11.0
10.3
14.1
9.3
14.4
13.4
9.9
9.9
11.2
9.7
8.9
13.2
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
White
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
White–Continued
Metropolitan areas:4–Continued
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
79.1
84.6
82.7
83.9
86.2
81.8
78.8
76.9
79.3
82.7
4.2
7.2
5.3
5.6
3.8
4.8
5.2
5.9
4.1
4.4
20.3
16.6
8.6
9.6
23.0
17.4
11.7
5.9
11.0
16.2
11.1
9.1
2.6
4.8
16.2
10.6
6.8
3.0
3.0
6.8
9.3
7.5
5.9
4.8
6.8
6.8
5.0
2.9
8.0
9.3
4.7
6.9
9.0
10.8
4.3
5.6
8.1
7.1
5.3
7.1
18.8
22.5
26.4
21.9
18.0
21.2
19.4
21.3
17.9
21.3
5.5
7.1
7.4
9.2
8.2
8.6
8.0
6.3
11.3
8.5
25.5
23.9
26.1
26.8
28.7
24.2
26.3
27.5
29.7
25.1
10.4
10.2
10.2
9.3
9.5
12.0
16.6
13.9
13.4
11.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
77.6
73.0
75.1
78.6
82.1
81.3
80.2
81.1
83.1
77.2
82.1
66.7
85.6
75.4
76.2
75.2
77.6
80.7
79.5
7.8
5.7
5.0
5.0
4.4
7.2
3.3
7.2
3.8
7.2
3.8
4.4
6.6
6.3
5.2
4.2
5.4
3.8
6.0
10.0
12.0
10.0
21.2
15.2
13.4
12.5
16.5
21.7
15.0
25.7
6.9
15.0
12.6
9.0
12.9
10.9
25.3
17.0
6.3
6.7
6.3
14.5
7.5
10.0
9.2
11.0
13.2
10.5
19.3
4.2
9.4
9.0
6.4
9.1
5.4
21.5
14.2
3.7
5.3
3.8
6.8
7.7
3.4
3.3
5.5
8.6
4.5
6.4
2.7
5.6
3.7
2.6
3.8
5.5
3.8
2.8
5.3
7.3
5.7
3.5
4.7
6.0
6.9
5.9
4.2
7.0
3.3
5.9
5.6
5.6
6.0
5.4
5.5
5.2
4.5
21.6
17.6
18.5
18.2
18.4
22.4
21.7
19.3
18.9
20.8
21.2
19.3
23.2
20.5
21.2
19.4
18.4
15.7
18.8
6.4
7.7
5.5
6.9
8.1
7.6
6.3
6.6
6.6
5.1
5.6
5.2
6.0
7.7
6.8
5.9
6.3
4.7
6.9
26.5
22.6
29.2
23.6
31.3
24.5
29.0
25.5
27.9
22.2
22.5
24.9
28.8
22.0
27.2
27.3
31.0
26.0
26.1
17.3
14.1
17.3
10.3
11.2
11.1
10.9
10.1
12.2
13.8
13.2
21.4
8.4
18.1
17.2
14.4
8.4
10.3
10.8
100.0
100.0
82.2
71.1
6.4
6.6
8.9
5.1
5.2
2.9
3.6
2.3
5.7
5.3
24.1
14.3
9.3
6.2
27.8
33.6
11.5
21.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
78.3
82.9
83.6
84.1
77.9
66.6
84.6
86.6
81.1
81.3
79.9
80.5
82.5
80.6
77.6
76.3
84.9
5.0
6.5
2.8
8.0
6.6
1.7
7.8
4.0
4.7
2.8
3.8
3.8
8.9
3.0
4.5
3.1
4.8
9.7
15.3
27.3
16.7
15.8
3.1
12.2
13.0
18.2
20.3
10.5
10.7
11.7
18.9
8.9
10.9
9.7
7.5
8.2
19.9
11.6
13.4
.3
6.3
6.1
9.1
15.7
2.6
4.3
8.9
7.7
6.1
7.7
4.0
2.2
7.1
7.4
5.1
2.4
2.9
5.9
6.9
9.1
4.7
7.9
6.3
2.8
11.1
2.7
3.1
5.7
4.0
5.5
2.8
5.4
11.6
4.3
7.0
6.4
4.1
6.4
5.8
3.8
6.4
3.1
5.5
4.9
5.5
25.5
17.1
17.9
17.9
20.2
8.8
21.7
25.4
19.3
16.5
18.3
17.2
22.7
19.7
22.5
18.7
20.7
5.5
9.5
7.4
9.5
6.6
6.6
5.5
6.9
5.4
6.0
11.9
6.8
6.3
4.1
7.0
6.2
5.6
28.6
29.0
25.4
26.2
17.1
42.1
28.0
30.9
29.5
29.3
29.6
38.1
26.1
31.8
28.5
32.6
38.5
12.9
10.4
10.1
7.6
20.6
25.7
7.3
9.0
6.5
16.1
13.2
13.9
10.9
14.5
16.5
14.1
6.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
80.1
67.3
74.2
84.4
4.1
3.7
.9
3.4
12.3
10.3
14.9
10.7
4.6
3.6
3.7
7.3
7.7
6.7
11.2
3.4
11.6
4.5
6.5
9.1
18.5
13.1
11.7
8.7
5.8
5.9
2.6
12.1
27.8
29.8
37.7
40.3
16.3
30.5
24.7
14.6
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
Black
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
Black–Continued
Metropolitan areas:4–Continued
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
65.3
84.0
76.0
79.5
75.7
75.1
76.5
76.2
84.8
80.9
80.4
84.2
76.5
79.3
67.6
65.4
84.7
81.6
77.4
76.1
86.5
68.8
73.6
71.8
75.0
( 5)
3.3
2.4
4.8
3.5
3.6
1.6
6.2
2.3
1.4
8.1
.8
3.7
.8
1.2
1.5
2.1
1.8
5.4
1.3
( 5)
4.1
4.9
4.3
.7
20.8
27.8
12.0
15.8
14.9
7.0
14.2
25.8
8.7
22.9
2.7
14.4
7.3
14.6
12.0
8.7
26.2
11.6
7.9
15.5
16.0
14.1
10.1
6.2
14.3
7.2
7.7
6.0
10.0
12.9
5.9
8.5
20.1
6.4
20.7
1.6
11.8
3.3
11.7
3.6
5.1
13.4
6.2
4.2
8.0
4.8
7.1
4.2
2.0
6.9
13.6
20.1
6.0
5.8
2.0
1.1
5.7
5.7
2.3
2.2
1.1
2.6
4.0
2.8
8.4
3.6
12.8
5.3
3.7
7.5
11.2
7.0
5.9
4.2
7.4
2.3
5.7
8.6
8.0
5.6
7.0
9.8
1.8
13.2
5.2
7.1
5.4
13.2
8.4
6.8
8.8
11.0
14.8
7.8
4.2
5.5
9.0
7.0
6.3
10.3
6.4
14.3
15.0
14.6
18.4
21.9
14.7
17.3
28.8
15.6
23.9
24.4
21.5
20.9
13.2
12.3
11.9
23.3
23.3
14.4
23.2
16.5
21.6
11.0
12.9
7.0
7.3
7.4
2.1
6.1
12.5
7.4
.6
2.9
4.1
4.2
9.0
4.2
11.7
9.7
4.4
5.9
6.7
4.8
5.0
12.6
6.3
1.5
8.4
6.5
28.9
25.6
30.7
34.2
27.0
23.0
28.7
24.5
28.8
31.8
34.6
30.3
26.0
22.9
24.5
29.6
27.6
23.5
28.1
35.6
29.1
18.9
28.4
35.5
30.3
34.7
11.1
19.8
15.0
21.4
18.9
18.8
14.5
13.8
16.3
17.2
14.9
20.6
17.9
31.8
27.9
14.8
16.5
18.6
19.0
8.1
27.5
18.0
24.7
22.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
69.5
68.8
58.3
91.2
75.6
75.0
82.2
73.6
85.3
70.6
76.7
61.3
72.8
77.5
66.5
72.1
82.8
90.3
82.1
4.8
2.5
2.2
( 5)
2.9
1.6
2.9
.6
.9
3.9
.4
6.1
1.5
( 5)
( 5)
3.3
3.6
1.1
( 5)
10.9
7.8
12.8
35.3
6.8
8.4
8.4
11.8
32.9
12.6
15.7
10.5
6.7
24.5
.4
1.5
6.7
14.0
13.9
7.5
6.5
9.0
28.0
1.7
4.2
3.2
3.9
13.8
7.3
12.6
10.5
4.5
14.3
.4
.4
1.3
14.0
13.9
3.4
1.3
3.9
7.3
5.1
4.2
5.2
7.9
19.1
5.4
3.2
( 5)
2.2
10.3
( 5)
1.1
5.4
( 5)
( 5)
4.5
3.6
7.5
( 5)
5.5
6.0
12.5
15.1
2.4
10.7
8.9
6.1
7.7
8.0
7.5
5.3
16.3
( 5)
22.1
12.0
25.5
14.7
23.4
16.6
16.7
15.3
23.0
12.2
10.2
16.4
8.0
16.0
30.0
11.2
20.8
21.0
21.3
15.0
3.5
3.9
2.2
4.8
8.0
11.5
8.8
13.2
4.4
8.4
3.2
10.7
5.3
( 5)
5.2
6.7
5.7
28.5
2.4
33.9
24.1
18.8
27.8
35.8
31.0
34.5
9.8
32.5
24.6
32.1
19.9
35.6
14.9
42.2
34.4
29.5
25.4
28.7
26.9
23.2
36.7
6.1
22.4
21.3
16.4
16.4
9.5
28.9
20.0
38.7
23.4
22.5
33.5
18.9
13.2
9.9
11.5
100.0
100.0
77.9
68.0
6.0
3.4
9.7
4.2
3.1
1.5
6.6
2.7
6.5
9.2
22.5
16.0
9.2
5.9
23.0
29.1
16.2
28.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.2
73.8
70.0
79.6
78.5
61.6
79.0
80.5
66.7
76.4
71.4
4.9
2.5
4.8
2.4
1.8
2.0
3.2
.9
2.0
1.3
4.4
10.6
9.1
17.9
10.9
22.8
1.4
6.4
15.8
10.0
15.9
6.0
2.4
3.9
14.8
6.1
20.9
.5
4.1
12.7
4.9
8.2
1.8
8.1
5.3
3.1
4.8
1.9
.9
2.3
3.1
5.1
7.7
4.2
4.5
7.3
1.9
10.0
4.7
6.8
11.7
8.2
7.6
2.8
6.1
11.0
14.0
19.4
11.8
17.3
13.5
24.1
21.4
11.4
14.8
10.7
6.2
6.9
3.8
12.2
3.3
4.5
3.7
10.8
4.6
5.2
8.8
34.1
34.0
22.2
32.4
28.7
33.4
29.9
23.4
31.0
36.5
35.5
26.4
21.9
25.0
15.7
18.5
33.9
20.0
16.5
25.3
18.5
25.1
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
Black–Continued
Cities:–Continued
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
72.7
71.1
69.7
67.7
68.6
82.0
2.1
.9
.5
( 5)
.5
4.6
5.0
8.7
5.2
( 5)
.6
7.1
.6
2.7
2.9
( 5)
.6
.1
4.4
6.0
2.3
( 5)
( 5)
7.0
4.9
2.9
7.3
7.7
4.8
16.7
13.1
16.1
14.7
10.3
23.3
16.5
8.7
12.4
6.8
3.2
6.5
4.4
38.9
30.1
35.3
46.5
33.9
32.7
24.7
25.7
25.7
32.3
24.1
17.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
89.9
51.8
93.5
87.2
93.5
90.5
84.8
88.5
89.6
73.9
87.6
93.7
81.6
87.2
93.7
85.9
80.1
100.0
85.9
97.1
89.4
86.4
81.9
83.4
91.5
23.7
( 5)
2.1
3.1
23.8
7.7
5.6
11.0
14.5
6.6
9.9
3.2
.3
16.3
10.4
5.6
32.4
21.8
6.1
.1
1.7
2.1
4.3
4.2
3.1
10.0
15.6
36.5
18.1
42.3
28.9
26.7
16.7
19.9
13.4
30.5
15.4
19.8
14.1
19.0
27.8
2.4
( 5)
10.6
48.2
23.2
28.4
9.0
14.1
27.5
5.1
14.7
13.8
9.8
17.9
16.8
17.9
7.5
14.1
7.5
26.7
10.3
14.5
9.2
10.1
13.4
( 5)
( 5)
5.5
34.4
10.7
19.2
6.6
3.6
8.9
4.9
.9
22.7
8.4
24.3
12.1
8.8
9.3
5.7
6.0
3.8
5.1
5.3
4.9
8.9
14.3
2.4
( 5)
5.1
13.8
12.5
9.2
2.4
10.5
18.6
14.2
( 5)
7.7
2.1
6.2
4.0
8.1
9.1
4.7
8.8
3.8
11.4
2.4
6.3
11.5
4.3
8.0
14.7
11.2
3.5
2.1
7.6
12.7
5.4
7.5
23.5
10.7
22.2
24.0
10.6
25.9
9.9
33.9
24.4
21.4
20.8
22.5
21.4
25.4
28.7
22.7
17.4
51.1
24.1
6.8
43.7
23.3
29.9
25.6
29.1
1.6
( 5)
5.5
3.1
( 5)
5.3
8.0
7.9
4.0
4.0
5.7
9.0
7.5
4.0
( 5)
4.5
( 5)
10.4
8.9
10.3
4.8
4.7
.2
7.1
4.7
17.0
25.5
19.4
36.8
10.6
18.6
26.5
9.9
22.2
19.5
16.9
32.2
30.2
20.4
24.2
21.1
19.9
2.0
25.0
28.2
13.8
20.3
25.3
27.0
19.6
4.9
35.9
5.7
9.4
( 5)
7.2
10.3
3.7
7.4
22.3
8.5
3.7
15.8
9.1
2.6
8.5
19.9
( 5)
6.7
2.9
8.9
10.2
6.7
12.5
5.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.8
78.5
96.8
88.6
82.2
86.9
92.9
94.4
81.9
65.9
67.7
79.4
84.2
76.6
78.4
83.3
86.1
86.0
10.6
4.9
7.3
5.9
4.4
12.4
10.3
.1
7.9
5
( )
2.8
( 5)
13.3
6.9
5.4
8.4
3.1
1.6
9.6
12.8
26.4
32.9
22.6
17.4
30.0
55.5
21.3
27.6
6.8
4.1
26.9
10.0
15.8
11.1
26.9
23.8
9.6
3.6
13.0
22.1
8.9
13.6
20.0
27.4
15.1
3.8
4.2
.4
22.5
7.2
11.5
6.8
18.2
12.7
( 5)
9.3
13.5
10.8
13.7
3.8
10.0
28.1
6.2
23.9
2.5
3.7
4.4
2.8
4.3
4.3
8.7
11.1
23.7
12.4
.0
2.0
3.5
3.6
( 5)
( 5)
5.8
( 5)
3.7
1.4
4.3
6.0
5.2
3.7
4.5
.3
17.2
22.6
20.1
20.1
32.6
25.8
28.4
6.2
20.3
13.6
22.9
28.6
17.1
23.3
21.2
23.8
23.1
44.6
1.1
2.8
( 5)
6.1
1.4
3.6
3.5
3.5
2.7
10.9
2.9
17.9
4.3
6.1
7.0
5.5
2.9
3.4
36.6
23.2
36.1
21.5
17.6
23.6
20.6
29.1
24.0
13.8
28.7
27.5
17.3
23.6
23.8
30.8
25.7
12.4
1.2
12.5
.1
4.0
11.9
9.2
1.8
( 5)
10.7
26.2
25.9
( 5)
11.4
19.5
13.7
11.9
9.5
10.5
100.0
100.0
88.1
85.1
7.7
15.0
14.6
2.3
7.0
.8
7.6
1.5
6.6
3.7
24.9
27.7
5.9
3.7
28.4
32.7
9.4
12.2
100.0
100.0
89.6
84.5
8.2
4.2
25.9
27.0
14.4
18.4
11.5
8.6
4.3
5.1
27.7
11.5
6.7
12.5
16.8
24.4
8.0
8.7
Hispanic origin
Metropolitan areas:4
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
Cities:
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons in nonagricultural industries by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1997 annual averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Population group and area
Total
employed1
Total2
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
19.3
26.5
.1
13.4
27.0
48.3
14.2
22.2
16.3
10.1
14.2
3.9
15.2
21.0
( 5)
8.9
13.1
35.4
3.3
12.3
13.8
7.1
10.7
2.8
Transportation,
communiNoncations,
durable
and pubgoods
lic utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services3
real
estate
Government
Hispanic origin–Continued
Cities:–Continued
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
1
2
3
4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
87.9
100.0
80.1
89.3
87.9
96.4
83.1
69.1
90.4
77.2
74.1
81.8
16.1
22.6
4.4
14.4
7.5
( 5)
4.1
7.8
14.9
6.0
4.0
12.3
Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
Includes mining.
Excludes private household workers.
All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and
those labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or
Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are
discussed in appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions".
4.1
5.5
.1
4.5
13.9
12.9
10.9
9.8
2.5
3.1
3.5
1.0
5.2
14.1
3.1
7.5
2.9
4.4
5.4
3.1
3.8
6.1
5.0
1.0
20.9
11.2
26.2
27.8
23.8
7.7
25.4
24.3
23.4
25.0
16.6
24.2
6.0
( 5)
7.0
5.5
4.6
8.6
7.4
.4
3.8
6.4
6.0
4.2
20.4
25.5
39.2
20.2
22.1
27.3
26.6
11.3
28.1
23.2
28.2
36.3
8.3
( 5)
14.4
6.2
5.9
3.6
12.8
17.7
6.3
18.4
16.2
14.8
5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total
employed.
NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not
meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on
the sample in that area. See appendix B. Detail may not add to totals
because of rounding.
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry1, 1997 annual
averages
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Area
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Nondurable
goods
Transportation,
communications,
and public utilities
Trade
Finance,
insurance, and Services4
real
estate
Government
Metropolitan areas:5
Atlanta MSA ......................................
Baltimore PMSA ...............................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .....................
Boston PMSA ...................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ...............
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ...
Chicago PMSA .................................
Cincinnati PMSA ...............................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA .........
Columbus, Ohio MSA .......................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ..................
Dayton-Springfield MSA ...................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .......
Detroit PMSA ....................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .....................
Hartford MSA ....................................
Houston PMSA .................................
Indianapolis MSA ..............................
Kansas City MSA ..............................
Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ......
Louisville MSA ..................................
Memphis MSA ..................................
Miami PMSA .....................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ...........
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ......................
New Orleans MSA ............................
New York PMSA ...............................
Newark PMSA ..................................
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport
News MSA ..................................
Oakland PMSA .................................
Oklahoma City MSA .........................
Orange County PMSA ......................
Philadelphia PMSA ...........................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ..........................
Pittsburgh MSA .................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA ...............
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .....
Rochester MSA ................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ..................
St. Louis MSA ...................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ...............
San Antonio MSA .............................
San Diego MSA ................................
San Francisco PMSA .......................
San Jose PMSA ...............................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater
MSA ............................................
Washington D.C. PMSA ...................
3.4
5.4
3.4
3.3
5.0
3.2
4.3
3.2
3.9
3.3
3.6
5.0
3.0
3.8
4.2
3.7
5.4
2.8
3.4
5.8
3.8
4.4
5.9
4.5
2.9
2.6
4.3
7.7
5.6
3.8
6.7
3.4
3.6
5.3
3.6
4.5
3.6
4.2
3.9
4.0
5.9
3.5
4.1
4.3
4.0
5.8
2.7
3.9
6.2
3.9
4.6
6.2
4.8
3.1
2.8
5.3
8.5
6.0
3.5
6.8
( 6)
9.1
( 6)
( 6)
7.6
( 6)
10.3
( 6)
2.5
( 6)
4.0
8.9
7.4
( 6)
11.4
( 6)
( 6)
10.2
( 6)
( 6)
8.5
( 6)
6.0
7.3
( 6)
16.8
9.5
2.4
6.1
2.5
3.6
6.5
3.3
3.5
2.4
3.3
2.3
3.2
4.3
2.2
3.2
5.4
2.7
3.9
2.8
3.6
5.8
2.0
3.3
4.7
3.9
2.3
2.3
1.5
9.3
4.5
2.6
4.4
( 6)
3.0
4.0
6.5
3.1
2.5
3.2
( 6)
2.4
3.5
2.0
2.9
.8
1.7
3.1
( 6)
6.6
4.0
2.0
( 6)
4.0
1.7
2.1
2.4
( 6)
10.4
5.0
2.3
8.6
2.7
4.7
( 6)
1.3
3.9
2.2
3.6
( 6)
4.9
( 6)
( 6)
5.3
( 6)
( 6)
4.6
( 6)
.5
7.8
( 6)
( 6)
5.4
8.4
2.8
( 6)
( 6)
8.9
4.1
2.2
3.4
( 6)
2.8
( 6)
1.9
2.7
( 6)
2.6
( 6)
2.2
( 6)
2.4
3.2
2.4
( 6)
2.8
( 6)
5.7
3.2
( 6)
1.9
4.1
( 6)
3.7
3.0
2.8
5.9
10.7
5.8
7.2
4.7
4.0
6.2
4.7
6.0
4.9
5.2
5.7
5.9
6.4
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.3
7.0
3.4
5.7
7.4
3.8
5.8
9.1
7.3
4.2
2.8
8.1
10.2
5.4
1.8
4.2
.9
2.9
( 6)
.6
2.3
( 6)
2.9
2.9
3.4
( 6)
2.3
2.6
6.6
5.8
2.9
( 6)
1.4
5.7
( 6)
( 6)
.7
2.2
1.3
3.5
( 6)
5.9
3.6
4.1
7.7
3.8
3.0
3.6
4.1
4.6
3.7
3.6
3.2
4.0
6.3
3.5
4.1
2.9
2.5
5.4
1.6
3.0
5.6
4.2
5.6
6.2
4.2
2.8
1.7
3.9
7.4
6.2
1.7
2.0
4.1
2.6
5.0
.0
2.8
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.3
2.0
.9
4.2
3.1
2.9
( 6)
1.0
3.8
3.5
2.0
3.0
2.5
1.7
1.5
1.3
4.5
2.1
5.0
3.9
3.8
3.8
4.8
3.8
4.5
3.8
4.7
7.3
4.4
5.1
4.7
3.0
4.4
5.1
4.3
3.2
3.9
6.0
4.6
4.6
4.0
5.2
4.3
5.0
4.2
5.3
8.2
4.6
6.2
5.1
3.2
4.7
5.9
4.8
3.6
4.2
9.4
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
7.7
3.1
16.9
8.9
13.3
10.3
( 6)
( 6)
8.8
5.5
( 6)
13.9
( 6)
( 6)
5.9
6.7
2.5
3.7
2.8
4.6
3.1
4.5
2.4
5.2
6.7
3.2
5.7
4.9
2.8
3.8
4.1
3.3
2.6
2.4
7.6
3.5
3.3
2.2
4.3
2.0
4.4
1.6
5.1
4.9
1.9
( 6)
5.3
3.0
( 6)
5.1
( 6)
1.9
1.7
4.8
.8
4.3
3.9
4.8
6.0
4.9
4.0
5.4
10.6
( 6)
( 6)
4.4
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
4.5
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
4.3
3.2
1.7
2.8
5.3
3.3
( 6)
( 6)
4.1
1.7
( 6)
5.7
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
7.9
4.7
7.4
7.7
7.4
6.3
5.0
5.1
6.8
9.1
6.0
5.7
5.5
3.5
6.0
5.1
5.7
6.3
8.2
( 6)
5.0
( 6)
.5
3.2
2.9
3.4
2.6
2.1
3.3
( 6)
( 6)
4.7
1.6
( 6)
3.4
2.3
( 6)
1.4
4.9
4.4
3.4
2.9
4.5
3.9
4.8
4.0
4.0
10.3
4.0
4.9
4.5
3.6
3.8
6.5
4.0
2.3
1.9
1.7
2.0
.7
2.5
2.9
2.2
3.1
2.3
1.5
2.7
3.6
3.3
1.5
2.0
3.4
3.3
4.4
2.9
4.3
4.8
3.9
5.4
4.6
8.1
5.5
6.1
3.6
8.3
( 6)
3.5
( 6)
3.7
2.7
5.6
7.1
2.3
2.4
5.5
4.1
2.5
2.3
12.4
7.2
7.0
4.0
7.6
7.4
6.9
4.3
6.7
8.1
14.4
7.7
7.8
4.6
9.1
8.2
7.2
4.2
6.7
9.1
( 6)
8.3
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
26.8
15.3
( 6)
13.0
( 6)
14.0
8.2
4.8
3.9
3.0
7.7
6.2
( 6)
7.2
8.5
( 6)
7.2
3.6
1.9
2.8
( 6)
5.1
( 6)
5.3
1.9
20.3
9.2
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
7.3
7.4
( 6)
9.2
( 6)
( 6)
5.3
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
4.5
4.0
( 6)
2.9
( 6)
17.9
11.3
7.0
10.6
13.2
12.5
7.6
4.5
7.7
13.6
( 6)
3.0
( 6)
3.4
( 6)
6.2
5.2
( 6)
8.0
( 6)
14.5
7.1
11.4
3.1
10.6
6.5
6.4
2.8
5.2
7.5
5.3
4.7
.7
( 6)
1.1
6.0
4.1
( 6)
7.4
4.0
Cities:
Baltimore central city ........................
Chicago central city ..........................
Cleveland central city .......................
Dallas central city .............................
Detroit central city .............................
District of Columbia ..........................
Houston central city ..........................
Indianapolis central city ....................
Los Angeles central city ....................
Milwaukee central city ......................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers by industry1, 1997 annual
averages — Continued
Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers
Manufacturing
Area
Total2
Total3
Construction
Total
Durable
goods
Nondurable
goods
10.4
11.3
5.2
( 6)
( 6)
3.9
( 6)
12.0
( 6)
2.9
( 6)
( 6)
4.3
( 6)
9.8
12.2
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
Transportation,
communications,
and public utilities
Trade
6.6
9.1
4.0
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
10.7
14.0
8.4
( 6)
5.4
6.8
4.4
Finance,
insurance, and Services4
real
estate
Government
Cities:–Continued
New York central city ........................
Philadelphia central city ....................
Phoenix central city ..........................
St. Louis central city .........................
San Antonio central city ....................
San Diego central city .......................
San Francisco central city ................
1
2
3
4
5
8.2
7.7
4.6
5.7
4.3
5.0
4.5
9.2
8.7
5.1
6.7
4.3
6.0
4.4
18.6
( 6)
2.1
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
Excludes persons with no previous work experience.
Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining.
Includes mining.
Excludes private household workers.
All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) except St Louis and those
labeled Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s) or Primary
6.2
2.8
2.7
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
( 6)
8.0
6.8
3.9
6.7
2.7
5.5
3.4
4.5
4.5
2.4
( 6)
4.1
2.0
( 6)
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSA’s). The differences are discussed in
appendix C, "Geographic Boundary Definitions".
6 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS
publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample
in that area. See appendix B.
Appendix A.
Concepts and Definitions
for Data Derived from the
Current Population Survey
T
ables showing labor force status include provisional estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years
and over as well as data on the civilian labor force, labor
force participation rates, and unemployment rates. Population estimates are revised by the Bureau of the Census each
year, and the revised estimates are incorporated into the CPS
labor force levels. This adjustment affects the estimates of
labor force, employment, and unemployment but does not
affect percentages such as unemployment rates, participation
rates, or employment-population ratios. Thus, levels contained in this publication may not be comparable to levels
published in earlier (or subsequent) Geographic Profiles.
The concepts and definitions underlying labor force data
in use as of January 1994 are as follows:
as unemployed had been looking for work. For persons on
layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of
full weeks they had been on layoff.
Reason for unemployment. Unemployment is also categorized according to the status of individuals at the time they
began to look for work. The reasons for unemployment are
divided into five major groups: (1) Job losers, comprised of
(a) persons on temporary layoff, who have been given a date
to return to work or who expect to return within 6 months
(persons on layoff need not be looking for work to qualify as
unemployed), and (b) permanent job losers, whose employment ended involuntarily and who began looking for work;
(2) Job leavers, persons who quit or otherwise terminated
their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work; (3) Persons who completed temporary jobs (included along with job losers in this publication), who began
looking for work after the jobs ended; (4) Reentrants, persons who previously worked but were out of the labor force
prior to beginning their job search; and (5) New entrants,
persons who never worked.
Civilian noninstitutional population. Included are persons
16 years of age and older residing in the 50 States and the
District of Columbia who are not inmates of institutions (e.g.,
penal and mental facilities, homes for the aged) and who are
not on active duty in the Armed Forces.
Employed persons. All persons who, during the reference
week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid employees, worked in their own business or profession or on their
own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in
an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b)
were not working but had jobs or businesses from which they
were temporarily absent because of vacation, illness, bad
weather, child-care problems, maternity or paternity leave,
labor-management dispute, job training, or other family or
personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time
off or were seeking other jobs.
Labor force. This group comprises all persons classified as
employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above.
Unemployment rate. The unemployment rate represents the
number unemployed as a percent of the labor force.
Participation rate. This represents the proportion of the population that is in the labor force.
Employment-population ratio. This represents the proportion of the population that is employed.
Unemployed persons. All persons who had no employment
during the reference week, were available for work, except
for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find
employment some time during the 4 week period ending with
the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled
to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been
looking for work to be classified as unemployed.
Occupation and industry. This information for the employed
applies to the job held in the reference week. Persons with
two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked
the greatest number of hours. The unemployed are classified
according to their last job. The occupational and industrial
classification of CPS data is based on the coding systems used
in the 1990 census.
Duration of unemployment. This represents the length of time
(through the current reference week) that persons classified
138
Hours of work. These statistics relate to the actual number of
hours worked during the reference week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the
Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32
hours, even though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the
number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the
hours are credited to the major job.
therefore classified in the zero-hours-worked category, “with
a job but not at work.” These are persons who were absent
from their jobs for the entire week for such reasons as bad
weather, child-care problems, maternity or paternity leave,
vacation, illness, or involvement in a labor dispute. In order
to differentiate a person’s normal schedule from their activity
during the reference week, persons are also classified according to their usual full- or part-time status. In this context,
full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 hours or
more (at all jobs combined). This group will include some
individuals who worked less than 35 hours in the reference
week for either economic or noneconomic reasons and those
who are temporarily absent from work. Similarly, part-time
workers are those who usually work less than 35 hours per
week (at all jobs), regardless of the number of hours worked
in the reference week. This may include some individuals
who actually worked more than 34 hours in the reference week,
as well as those who are temporarily absent from work.
At work part time for economic reasons. Sometimes referred
to as involuntary part time, this category refers to individuals
who gave an economic reason for working 1 to 34 hours during the reference week. Economic reasons include slack work
or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time
work, and seasonal declines in demand. Those who usually
work part time must also indicate that they want and are available to work full time to be classified as on part time for economic reasons.
At work part time for noneconomic reasons. This group includes those persons who usually work part time and were at
work 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for a noneconomic reason. Noneconomic reasons include, for example:
Illness or other medical limitations, child-care problems or
other family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and being in a
job where full-time work is less than 35 hours. The group
also includes those who gave an economic reason for usually
working 1 to 34 hours but said they do not want to work full
time or were unavailable for such work.
White, black, and other. These are terms used to describe the
race of persons. Included in the “other” group are American
Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Asians and Pacific Islanders.
Because of the relatively small sample size in most areas,
data for “other” races are not published. In the enumeration
process, race is determined by the household respondent.
Hispanic origin. This refers to persons who identified themselves in the survey enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto
Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may be
of any race; thus, they are included in both the white and
black population groups.
Usual full- or part-time status. Data on persons “at work”
exclude persons who were temporarily absent from a job and
139
Appendix B.
Sampling and Estimation
Procedures and Sampling
Error Tables
T
he estimates presented in this bulletin are based on annual averages of monthly data obtained from the CPS, a
sample survey of the civilian noninstitutional population. The
survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census
for BLS, and provides comprehensive data on the labor force,
employed, and unemployed, including such characteristics as
age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, occupation, and industry. The
survey also provides data on the characteristics of those not
in the labor force.
Each month, trained interviewers collect information from
a scientifically-selected sample (about 50,000 occupied housing units), designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional
population. Selected respondents are interviewed to obtain
information about the employment status of each household
member 16 years of age and over. The “reference week” is
the calendar week (Sunday through Saturday) which includes
the 12th of the month. Actual field interviewing is conducted
during the following week, which is known as the “survey”
week.
Within each of the selected PSUs, the number of households to be enumerated each month is determined in two steps.
First, a sample of census enumeration districts (EDs) is selected using the population size probability selection procedure. EDs are administrative units and contain, on average,
about 300 households. Second, clusters of approximately four
addresses (contiguous wherever possible) are selected to be
enumerated within each designated ED.
Part of the sample is changed, or rotated, each month.
A given rotation group is in the sample for 4 consecutive
months, leaves the sample during the following 8 months,
and then returns for another 4 consecutive months. A primary reason for rotating the sample is to minimize the lack of
cooperation which may result from interviewing a constant
panel indefinitely. The rotation plan provides for three-fourths
of the sample to be identical from one month to the next and
one-half to be identical with the same month a year earlier.
Estimating methods
Under the estimating methods used in the CPS, all of the results for a given month become available simultaneously and
are based on returns from the entire sample of respondents.
The estimation procedure involves weighting the data from
each sample person by the inverse of the probability of the
person being in the sample. This gives a rough measure of
the number of actual persons that each sample person represents. Through a series of estimation steps (outlined below),
the selection probabilities are adjusted for noninterviews and
survey undercoverage; data from previous months are incorporated into the estimates through the composite estimation
procedure.
Sampling procedures
The 1997 sample encompasses 754 sample areas, with coverage in every State and the District of Columbia. It is based
to a large extent on information about the distribution of the
population as reported in the 1990 decennial census. (A redesigned 1990 census-based sample was phased in during
the April 1994 through July 1995 period.) These areas were
selected by dividing the entire area of the United States into
2,007 primary sampling units (PSUs). With some minor exceptions, a PSU consists of a county or number of contiguous
counties. Most metropolitan areas constitute separate PSUs.
To improve the efficiency of the sample, the 2,007 PSUs
are grouped into strata within each State. Then, one PSU is
selected from each stratum, with the probability of selection
proportionate to the relative population size of the PSU. PSUs
in strata by themselves are called “self-representing” and are
generally the most populous in each State. Other strata are
formed by combining PSUs that are similar in such characteristics as population growth, proportion of blacks and Hispanics, occupation/industry, and age/sex distribution. PSUs
selected from these strata are “non-self-representing,” since
each one chosen represents the entire stratum.
1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed
households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for
occupied sample households for which no information was
obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or
unavailability of the respondents for other reasons. This
noninterview adjustment is made separately for clusters of
similar sample areas that are usually, but not necessarily, contained within a State. Similarity of sample areas is based on
metropolitan area status and size. Within each cluster, there
is a further breakdown by residence. The proportion of sample
140
households not interviewed varies from 6 to 7 percent, depending upon a number of factors, including weather and
vacations.
tion Survey, are added to the population projections. Prior to
January 1994, the projections were based on earlier censuses,
and there was no correction for census undercount.
2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from
that of the population as a whole in such characteristics as:
age, race, sex, and State of residence. Because these characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation
and other principal measurements made from the sample, the
survey estimates can be substantially improved when weighted
appropriately by the known distribution of these population
characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of
ratio adjustment, as follows:
3. Composite estimation procedure. The last step in the preparation of most CPS estimates makes use of a composite estimation procedure. The composite estimate consists of a
weighted average of two factors: (1) the second-stage ratio
estimate based on the entire sample from the current month
and (2) the composite estimate for the previous month, plus
an estimate of the month-to-month change based on the six
rotation groups common to both months. In addition, a bias
adjustment term is added to the weighted average to account
for relative bias associated with month-in-sample estimates.
The compositing procedure results in a reduction in sampling
error beyond that which is achieved after the two stages of
ratio adjustment.
a. First-stage ratio estimation. The purpose of the firststage ratio adjustment is to reduce the contribution to variance that results from selecting a sample of PSUs rather than
drawing sample households from every PSU in the Nation.
This adjustment is made to the CPS weights in two race cells:
Black and nonblack; it is applied only to PSUs that are nonself-representing and for those States that have a substantial
number of black households. The procedure corrects for differences that existed in each State cell at the time of the 1990
census between the race distribution of the population in
sample PSUs and the race distribution of all non-self-representing PSUs.
Reliability of the estimates
The estimates in this bulletin are based upon a sample of the
population rather than a complete count. Therefore, they may
differ from the figures that would have been obtained if it had
been possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures as are used in the CPS. There are two
types of errors in an estimate based on a sample survey—
sampling and nonsampling. The sampling error tables provided later in this appendix indicate the magnitude of the sampling error. They also partially measure the effect of some
nonsampling errors in response and enumeration, but do not
measure any systematic biases in the data.
b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This procedure substantially reduces the variability of estimates and corrects, to
some extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS sample
weights are adjusted to ensure that sample-based estimates
of population match independent population controls. Three
sets of controls are used:
Sampling variability. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, the variation that occurs
by chance because a sample rather than the entire population
is surveyed. The sample estimate and its standard error enable one to construct confidence intervals, that is, ranges that
would include the average result of all possible samples with
a known probability. For example, if all possible samples
were selected, each of these samples were surveyed under
essentially the same conditions using the same sample design, and an estimate and its estimated standard error were
calculated from each sample, then the following would occur:
1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals
from one standard error below the estimate
to one standard error above the estimate
would include the average result of all possible samples.
2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals
from 1.6 standard errors below the estimate
to 1.6 standard errors above the estimate
would include the average result of all possible samples.
3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals
from two standard errors below the esti-
1) 51 State controls of the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older,
2) National civilian noninstitutional population
controls for 14 Hispanic and 5 non-Hispanic
age-sex categories, and
3) National civilian noninstitutional population
controls for 66 white, 42 black, and 10 “other”
age-sex categories.
The independent population controls are prepared by projecting forward the resident population as enumerated on April
1, 1990. The projections are derived by updating demographic
census data with information from a variety of other data
sources that account for births, deaths, and net migration.
Subtracting estimated numbers of resident Armed Forces personnel and institutionalized persons reduces the resident population to the civilian noninstitutional population. Estimates
of net census undercount, determined from the Post Enumera-
141
mate to two standard errors above the estimate would include the average result of
all possible samples.
1.6 standard errors) for major labor force characteristics. They
are approximations and thus indicate the order of magnitude
of the sampling error rather than the precise amount of the
possible error in an estimate. Illustrations on the use of these
tables are provided below. In all cases, the computations
present the estimated levels in thousands of persons.
The error of a sample estimate varies inversely with the
size of the sample and directly with the size of the estimate.
Hence, an estimate for a subgroup constituting a small proportion of a population will tend to have a larger error relative to its size than an estimate for a larger subgroup.
Sampling error of an estimated number. Table B-5 shows
that an estimate of 50,000 unemployed persons in Maryland
will have an absolute sampling error of 10,000, or a relative
sampling error of 20 percent (10,000/50,000). In comparison, an estimate of 100,000 unemployed persons in Maryland has an absolute sampling error of 14,000, yielding a relative sampling error of 14 percent (14,000/100,000). A statement that unemployment in Maryland is between 40,000 and
60,000 in the first instance, and between 86,000 and 114,000
in the second, can be made with approximately 90-percent
confidence.
This can be interpreted as follows: If one were to draw all
possible samples and make an estimate from each sample
(using the same methods and techniques) and construct an
interval around each estimate (using the sampling errors shown
in the tables), then 90 percent of these intervals would contain the average value of all possible samples.
To convert a sampling error from 90-percent confidence,
as displayed in the tables, to 68-percent confidence (one standard error), multiply the sampling error shown in the tables
by 0.63. To convert the sampling error from 90- to 95-percent confidence (approximately two standard errors) multiply the sampling error by 1.23. For the example given above,
the sampling error at 90-percent confidence was 10,000. At
68-percent confidence, the error would be about 6,300 (10,000
x 0.63). At 95-percent confidence, the error would be about
12,300 (10,000 x 1.23).
Reliability standards
The CPS sample design takes into consideration both national
and State reliability. For the State data, a minimum reliability standard is set: An expected maximum coefficient of variation (CV) on the level of total unemployment of 8 percent
annually. This is calculated based on a 6-percent unemployment rate. Because each State’s design must meet the reliability standard, the CPS sampling rate differs by State. (The
sampling rate is the proportion of all households that are selected for the sample.) Generally, the smaller the State population, the higher the sampling rate. The average State sampling rates range roughly from 1 in every 200 households to 1
in every 2,500 households in each stratum within the State.
Publication standards for State and area CPS data
To achieve comparability of the data for regions, divisions,
States, metropolitan areas, and cities for publication purposes,
a unique requirement for minimum labor force, employment,
or unemployment was developed for each area. This requirement is based on the known differences in sampling rates
among these areas. Before estimates are published for a specific category (e.g., Hispanic unemployment in a particular
State), a predetermined “critical cell” must meet a 50-percent CV requirement. As a result of this requirement, minimum bases for publication have been developed for each area.
Table B-1 lists the minimum necessary base for publication
of data in each of the regions, divisions, States, the District of
Columbia, metropolitan areas, and cities appearing in this
bulletin.
Estimates are not shown when they do not meet the minimum base for the State or area listed in table B-1. In tables
showing the labor force status of the population, the critical
cell is the size of the labor force of the particular population
group. In all other tables, the determining factor or critical
cell is the size of the base of the distribution, for example, the
size of total employment or unemployment for that area or
population subgroup. Data are not published for any cell with
a level of fewer than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent of
the total for a given characteristic. An improved methodology for calculating minimum bases has been developed and
incorporated in this year’s publication.
Sampling error of a difference. To compute the error of a
difference from the tables, an additional step is required. If,
for instance, one wishes to know whether a change in the
unemployment rate from one year to the next in a particular
area for a particular population group is statistically significant, or whether the difference in the unemployment rate between two areas or population groups is statistically meaningful, the significance of the difference needs to be computed. (Differences between estimates for 2 consecutive years
may be influenced to some extent by the redesign of the CPS
concepts, questionnaire, and collection procedures, such as
that which occurred in 1994.)
As noted above, differences can take two general forms:
(1) differences between population groups and/or geographic
areas; or (2) differences for the same population group and
geographic area over time. Either type of difference can be
calculated using the following formula, and noting the limiting covariance assumption discussed below.
SEd = (( SE12 + SE22 ) - 2C x ( SE1 x SE2 ))1/2
Using the sampling error tables
Tables B-2 through B-5 provide sampling errors for use in
constructing 90-percent confidence intervals (approximately
142
where:
SEd
SE1
SE2
C
Because each State’s sample is independent, there is no
measurable correlation between the two estimates and a “C”
term of zero can be assured. Thus, the error of the difference
is approximately 29,000. Since the actual difference (50,000)
is greater than the error of the difference, it can be stated,
with 90-percent confidence, that the difference in the unemployment level is attributable to factors other than sampling
variability alone.
= the sampling error of the difference.
= the sampling error of one group or year.
= the sampling error of another group or year.
= the covariance (or relationship) term.
The SE1 and SE2 can be found in the appropriate table of
Geographic Profile for each year if the comparison is between different years, because the size of the samples and,
consequently, sampling errors may differ from year to year.
Values for the covariance or “C” term (for employment and
unemployment) for differences between consecutive years are
as follows. For labor force or employment levels, C = 0.58;
for unemployment levels or rates, C = 0.37. It is important to
note that these “C” terms are usable only for calculating the
sampling error of a difference for over-the-year change for
the same geographic area and population group.
Covariance terms for the relationship between different
population groups or geographic areas in this bulletin are not
available. When calculating sampling errors for differences
between two different population groups or geographic areas, a “C” term of zero must be assumed. The effect of this
assumption is: (1) if the relationship between two groups,
areas, or years (differences for nonconsecutive years) is small,
the “C” term can legitimately be ignored and the sampling
errors won’t be adversely affected, or (2) if there is a strong
positive relationship between the two groups, areas, or years
(differences for consecutive years), then the error computed
without a “C” term will be overstated. This could lead one to
erroneously state that a difference or change was not statistically significant when, in fact, it was. When there is a strong
relationship over time for a labor force characteristic such as
employment (i.e., people tend to remain employed from one
year to the next), the importance of using a “C” term when
calculating the sampling error of a difference over time increases greatly.
The following example illustrates how to calculate a sampling error for a difference.
Suppose one wished to know whether a hypothetical difference between the unemployment level of 250,000 for a
particular population group in California and an unemployment level of 200,000 for the same group in New York was
statistically significant at 90-percent confidence. Table B-5
gives the error for an unemployment level of 250,000 in California as approximately 23,000 and the error for an unemployment level of 200,000 in New York as 17,000. Using the
formula described above without the “C” term produces the
following results:
Sampling errors for unemployment rates. Unemployment
rates and error ranges for these rates are provided in tables 1,
12, and 23. This information can be used to derive a sampling error for an unemployment rate if one is needed. The
error range is a 90-percent confidence interval around the
unemployment rate. By subtracting the estimated unemployment rate from the upper bound of the range, the sampling
error for that rate can be obtained. This sampling error can
then be used in the above formula for computing the sampling error of a difference, or for whatever purpose the user
chooses.
Interpolation and extrapolation. Although sampling errors
are listed for selected levels of employment and unemployment in tables B-2 through B-5, users may wish to know the
sampling error for an estimate whose value is not listed. To
derive such a sampling error, it is necessary to use interpolation or extrapolation.
For example, in order to derive the sampling error for the
1997 total unemployment level in Tennessee, it is necessary
to use interpolation because table B-5 contains no sampling
error for an unemployment level estimate of 146,000. The
following formula and accompanying example show how to
interpolate for this estimate.
SE =[[( A-G) / (F-G)] x (X-Y)] + Y
where:
SE =the sampling error for the estimated value.
A =the estimated value (146,000).
F =the table value (200,000) immediately above
the estimated value.
G =the table value (100,000) immediately below
the estimated value.
X =the sampling error of F (20,000).
Y =the sampling error of G (14,000).
SE =[[(146 - 100) / (200 - 100)] x (20 - 14)] + 14
SE =( 0.46 x 6 ) + 14
SE1 = 23; SE2 = 17
SE12 + SE22 = 818
SEd = (( SE12 + SE22 ))1/2 = 29
=2.8 + 14
=16.8
=17
143
If the sample-based estimate were to lie outside the boundaries of the error tables, extrapolation can be used to approximate the sampling error. The formula for extrapolation is the
same as that for interpolation; however, the “F” term is the
highest value in the table and the “G” term becomes the next
highest value.
indicate the order of magnitude of a sampling error rather
than a precise sampling error for any specific item. The sampling error tables are derived from standard error equations
and special parameters developed by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. These parameters are available upon request to
the Division of Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Room
4675, 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE, Washington, DC 202120001. Telephone: (202) 606-6406.
Tables B-2 through B-5 can be used for estimates pertaining to any race/ethnic group. As noted, the sampling errors
are based on a generalized regression procedure and are approximate. Generally, the degree of precision in these tables
is slightly greater for whites (and the total of all race/ethnic
groups) than it is for blacks or Hispanics.
Derivation of sampling errors
The State and area sampling errors are developed using a
generalized regression procedure and are not based on sample
data for each individual area, population group, or labor force
characteristic. As with all sampling error tables produced for
CPS State and area data, a number of approximations were
required in order to derive sampling errors that would apply
to a wide variety of items. As a result, these sampling errors
144
Contents—Publication Standards
and Sampling Error Tables
Page
Tables:
B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and
metropolitan area data .................................................................................................................................. 147
Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by Census region and division:
B-2. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 150
B-3. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 151
Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by State:
B-4. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 152
B-5. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 154
145
Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State,
and metropolitan area data
(In thousands)
Minimum base
State or area
Employment
Unemployment
Northeast ............................................................................
New England ....................................................................
Middle Atlantic ..................................................................
8
7
8
34
35
34
Midwest ..............................................................................
East North Central ............................................................
West North Central ...........................................................
11
11
10
57
56
59
South ..................................................................................
South Atlantic ...................................................................
East South Central ...........................................................
West South Central ..........................................................
12
11
12
12
49
54
42
44
West ...................................................................................
Mountain ...........................................................................
Pacific ...............................................................................
9
8
9
44
34
47
Alabama .............................................................................
Alaska .................................................................................
Arizona ...............................................................................
Arkansas .............................................................................
California ............................................................................
Colorado .............................................................................
Connecticut .........................................................................
Delaware ............................................................................
District of Columbia ............................................................
Florida .................................................................................
11
3
10
4
9
13
11
2
1
11
45
3
48
27
47
63
42
12
4
42
Georgia ...............................................................................
Hawaii .................................................................................
Idaho ...................................................................................
Illinois ..................................................................................
Indiana ................................................................................
Iowa ....................................................................................
Kansas ................................................................................
Kentucky .............................................................................
Louisiana ............................................................................
Maine ..................................................................................
10
2
3
9
13
5
7
14
10
4
73
12
11
48
88
52
39
36
34
15
Maryland .............................................................................
Massachusetts ....................................................................
Michigan .............................................................................
Minnesota ...........................................................................
Mississippi ..........................................................................
Missouri ..............................................................................
Montana ..............................................................................
Nebraska ............................................................................
Nevada ...............................................................................
New Hampshire ..................................................................
11
8
10
12
7
17
2
3
4
3
59
44
48
82
24
67
9
37
23
26
New Jersey .........................................................................
New Mexico ........................................................................
New York ............................................................................
North Carolina ....................................................................
North Dakota ......................................................................
Ohio ....................................................................................
Oklahoma ...........................................................................
Oregon ................................................................................
Pennsylvania ......................................................................
Rhode Island ......................................................................
6
4
10
10
2
13
7
7
7
2
34
14
29
62
14
47
43
32
42
12
South Carolina ....................................................................
South Dakota ......................................................................
Tennessee ..........................................................................
Texas ..................................................................................
Utah ....................................................................................
Vermont ..............................................................................
Virginia ................................................................................
Washington .........................................................................
West Virginia ......................................................................
Wisconsin ...........................................................................
Wyoming .............................................................................
8
2
13
14
5
1
19
11
6
13
1
49
13
53
49
32
10
81
72
11
81
5
See footnotes at end of table.
Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State,
and metropolitan area data — Continued
(In thousands)
Minimum base
State or area
Employment
Unemployment
9
10
6
7
10
6
7
9
11
10
12
11
8
8
9
11
12
11
9
5
9
10
10
12
9
9
7
9
6
14
8
5
8
6
8
7
5
3
9
9
9
11
3
13
9
8
8
7
10
10
84
49
53
52
35
56
41
62
50
61
60
39
58
47
41
56
38
99
61
26
51
48
27
48
72
71
38
17
29
49
74
35
66
38
46
39
48
16
37
37
47
51
29
52
55
67
75
71
36
58
13
6
12
12
10
1
13
12
6
13
10
7
8
13
13
18
18
26
55
20
4
28
63
24
23
15
22
36
40
53
Metropolitan area:1
Atlanta MSA ........................................................................
Baltimore PMSA .................................................................
Bergen-Passaic PMSA .......................................................
Boston PMSA .....................................................................
Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA .................................................
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA .....................................
Chicago PMSA ...................................................................
Cincinnati PMSA .................................................................
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ...........................................
Columbus, Ohio MSA .........................................................
Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ....................................................
Dayton-Springfield MSA .....................................................
Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA .........................................
Detroit PMSA ......................................................................
Fort Lauderdale PMSA .......................................................
Hartford MSA ......................................................................
Houston PMSA ...................................................................
Indianapolis MSA ................................................................
Kansas City MSA ................................................................
Long Beach PMSA .............................................................
Louisville MSA ....................................................................
Memphis MSA ....................................................................
Miami PMSA .......................................................................
Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA .............................................
Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ..................................................
Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ........................................................
New Orleans MSA ..............................................................
New York PMSA .................................................................
Newark PMSA ....................................................................
Newport News MSA ...........................................................
Oakland PMSA ...................................................................
Oklahoma City MSA ...........................................................
Orange County PMSA ........................................................
Philadelphia PMSA .............................................................
Phoenix-Mesa MSA ............................................................
Pittsburgh MSA ...................................................................
Portland-Vancouver PMSA .................................................
Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA ..................................
Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA .......................................
Rochester MSA ..................................................................
Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ....................................................
St. Louis MSA .....................................................................
Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA .................................................
San Antonio MSA ...............................................................
San Diego MSA ..................................................................
San Francisco PMSA .........................................................
San Jose PMSA .................................................................
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ..........................................
Clearwater MSA .................................................................
Washington D.C. PMSA .....................................................
Cities:
Baltimore ...........................................................................
Chicago .............................................................................
Cleveland ...........................................................................
Dallas .................................................................................
Detroit ................................................................................
District of Columbia ...........................................................
Houston .............................................................................
Indianapolis .......................................................................
Los Angeles .......................................................................
Milwaukee ..........................................................................
New York ...........................................................................
Philadelphia .......................................................................
Phoenix ..............................................................................
St. Louis .............................................................................
San Antonio .......................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State,
and metropolitan area data — Continued
(In thousands)
Minimum base
State or area
Employment
San Diego ..........................................................................
San Francisco ....................................................................
9
8
Unemployment
56
64
1 All are Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’’s) except St. Louis and those labeled Consolidated
Metropolitan Statistical (PMSA’’s). The differences are discussed in Appendix C, Geographic Boundary
Definitions.
Table B-2. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by Census region and division
(In thousands)
Estimated level
Census region and division
10
20
25
50
100
200
250
400
800
1,000
1,500
2,000
Northeast ....................................
New England ............................
Middle Atlantic ..........................
6
5
6
8
8
8
9
9
9
12
12
13
18
17
18
25
24
25
28
27
28
35
33
35
49
46
50
55
51
55
67
61
67
77
68
77
Midwest ......................................
East North Central ....................
West North Central ...................
7
7
7
10
10
10
11
11
11
15
15
15
22
22
21
31
31
30
34
34
33
43
44
42
61
61
58
68
68
65
83
83
78
95
95
88
South ..........................................
South Atlantic ...........................
East South Central ...................
West South Central ..................
7
7
7
7
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
15
15
15
16
22
21
21
22
31
30
30
31
34
34
33
35
43
43
42
44
61
60
58
62
68
67
65
69
83
81
77
84
96
93
87
95
West ...........................................
Mountain ...................................
Pacific .......................................
6
6
6
8
8
8
9
9
9
13
13
13
19
18
19
26
25
27
29
28
30
37
35
38
52
49
53
58
54
59
71
65
71
81
73
82
Estimated level
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Northeast ....................................
New England ............................
Middle Atlantic ..........................
85
74
85
116
87
115
137
77
133
152
–
145
163
–
151
170
–
153
176
–
143
170
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Midwest ......................................
East North Central ....................
West North Central ...................
106
105
96
145
143
121
172
167
125
193
183
114
208
193
–
220
199
–
233
195
–
235
172
–
227
–
–
206
–
–
–
–
–
South ..........................................
South Atlantic ...........................
East South Central ...................
West South Central ..................
107
103
95
105
148
141
117
139
178
165
117
157
201
183
95
164
220
194
–
163
236
202
–
152
260
204
–
–
276
191
–
–
285
–
–
–
289
–
–
–
286
–
–
–
West ...........................................
Mountain ...................................
Pacific .......................................
90
80
91
124
97
123
147
96
143
164
76
157
176
–
165
185
–
169
195
–
164
194
–
141
183
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-3. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated unemployment by Census region and division
(In thousands)
Estimated level
Census region and division
2
5
10
20
25
50
100
200
Northeast ....................................
New England ............................
Middle Atlantic ..........................
2
1
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
5
5
5
6
5
6
8
7
8
11
10
12
16
15
17
Midwest ......................................
East North Central ....................
West North Central ...................
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
6
6
5
6
7
6
9
9
9
13
13
12
18
18
17
South ..........................................
South Atlantic ...........................
East South Central ...................
West South Central ..................
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
9
9
9
9
13
13
13
13
19
19
18
19
West ...........................................
Mountain ...................................
Pacific .......................................
2
1
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
6
5
6
7
5
7
9
7
10
13
10
14
19
14
20
Estimated level
250
400
600
800
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Northeast ....................................
New England ............................
Middle Atlantic ..........................
18
16
19
23
21
24
28
–
29
32
–
33
36
–
37
44
–
45
–
–
–
–
–
–
Midwest ......................................
East North Central ....................
West North Central ...................
20
21
19
26
26
24
31
32
–
36
37
–
40
41
–
49
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
South ..........................................
South Atlantic ...........................
East South Central ...................
West South Central ..................
21
21
20
21
26
26
25
26
32
32
31
32
37
37
–
37
41
41
–
–
51
50
–
–
58
–
–
–
65
–
–
–
West ...........................................
Mountain ...................................
Pacific .......................................
21
16
22
26
20
28
32
–
34
37
–
40
41
–
44
50
–
54
58
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State
(In thousands)
Estimated level
State
2
5
10
20
25
50
100
200
250
400
600
800
Alabama .....................................
Alaska .........................................
Arizona .......................................
Arkansas .....................................
California ....................................
Colorado .....................................
Connecticut .................................
Delaware ....................................
District of Columbia ....................
Florida .........................................
3
2
3
2
3
3
3
1
1
3
5
3
4
3
4
5
5
2
2
5
6
4
6
4
6
8
7
3
2
6
9
5
9
6
8
11
9
4
3
9
10
6
10
6
9
12
11
4
4
10
14
8
14
9
13
17
15
6
5
14
20
10
19
13
19
24
21
8
6
20
28
12
27
17
27
33
29
10
7
28
31
12
30
19
30
36
32
10
7
32
38
6
37
23
37
44
39
9
–
40
45
–
44
26
46
52
45
–
–
48
51
–
49
28
53
58
50
–
–
55
Georgia .......................................
Hawaii .........................................
Idaho ...........................................
Illinois ..........................................
Indiana ........................................
Iowa ............................................
Kansas ........................................
Kentucky .....................................
Louisiana ....................................
Maine ..........................................
3
1
2
3
3
2
3
3
3
2
5
2
2
4
5
3
4
5
4
3
7
3
3
6
8
5
6
7
6
4
9
4
5
8
11
7
8
10
9
5
11
5
5
9
12
8
9
11
10
6
15
7
7
13
17
11
12
16
14
8
21
9
10
19
24
15
17
23
19
11
29
12
14
26
33
21
24
31
27
15
33
13
15
29
37
23
26
35
29
16
41
15
16
37
46
28
32
43
36
19
49
14
15
45
55
33
36
50
43
18
55
–
–
51
61
35
39
56
48
14
Maryland .....................................
Massachusetts ............................
Michigan .....................................
Minnesota ...................................
Mississippi ..................................
Missouri ......................................
Montana ......................................
Nebraska ....................................
Nevada .......................................
New Hampshire ..........................
3
3
3
3
2
4
1
2
2
2
5
4
5
5
4
6
2
3
3
3
7
6
7
7
5
9
3
4
4
4
10
8
9
10
7
12
4
5
6
5
11
9
10
12
8
13
5
6
6
6
15
13
15
17
11
19
6
8
9
8
21
18
21
23
16
27
9
11
12
11
30
25
29
32
22
37
11
15
17
14
33
27
32
36
24
41
12
16
18
15
41
34
40
44
29
51
12
19
21
17
49
41
49
52
33
61
8
20
23
16
55
46
55
58
36
69
–
19
22
11
New Jersey .................................
New Mexico ................................
New York ....................................
North Carolina ............................
North Dakota ..............................
Ohio ............................................
Oklahoma ...................................
Oregon ........................................
Pennsylvania ..............................
Rhode Island ..............................
2
2
3
3
1
3
2
2
2
1
3
3
4
5
2
5
4
4
4
2
5
4
6
7
3
7
5
5
5
3
7
5
9
9
4
10
7
7
8
4
8
6
10
10
5
12
8
8
8
5
11
9
14
15
6
17
11
12
12
6
15
12
19
21
9
23
16
16
17
9
21
16
27
29
10
33
22
23
24
11
24
17
30
32
11
36
24
25
26
12
30
20
38
40
8
46
30
31
33
13
36
22
46
48
–
55
35
36
40
10
41
21
53
55
–
63
38
39
46
–
South Carolina ............................
South Dakota ..............................
Tennessee ..................................
Texas ..........................................
Utah ............................................
Vermont ......................................
Virginia ........................................
Washington .................................
West Virginia ..............................
Wisconsin ...................................
Wyoming .....................................
3
1
3
3
2
1
4
3
2
3
1
4
2
5
5
3
2
6
5
3
5
2
6
3
7
8
5
2
9
7
4
8
2
8
4
10
11
7
3
13
10
6
11
3
9
4
11
12
8
4
14
11
7
12
3
13
6
16
17
11
5
20
15
10
17
5
18
8
22
25
15
7
28
21
13
24
6
25
10
31
35
20
8
39
30
18
33
7
27
11
35
39
22
8
43
33
20
37
6
34
10
43
49
26
6
54
41
23
46
–
40
–
51
59
29
–
65
49
26
55
–
44
–
58
68
29
–
73
55
26
61
–
Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State — Continued
(In thousands)
Estimated level
State
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
Alabama .....................................
Alaska .........................................
Arizona .......................................
Arkansas .....................................
California ....................................
Colorado .....................................
Connecticut .................................
Delaware ....................................
District of Columbia ....................
Florida .........................................
54
–
52
28
59
62
52
–
–
61
59
–
57
23
71
65
52
–
–
73
58
–
56
–
81
61
43
–
–
82
51
–
50
–
89
47
–
–
–
90
–
–
–
–
119
–
–
–
–
108
–
–
–
–
136
–
–
–
–
103
–
–
–
–
145
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
147
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
142
–
–
–
–
–
Georgia .......................................
Hawaii .........................................
Idaho ...........................................
Illinois ..........................................
Indiana ........................................
Iowa ............................................
Kansas ........................................
Kentucky .....................................
Louisiana ....................................
Maine ..........................................
60
–
–
56
67
36
39
59
51
–
70
–
–
67
76
34
33
63
55
–
76
–
–
74
80
20
–
59
54
–
79
–
–
80
79
–
–
–
–
–
50
–
–
89
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
66
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Maryland .....................................
Massachusetts ............................
Michigan .....................................
Minnesota ...................................
Mississippi ..................................
Missouri ......................................
Montana ......................................
Nebraska ....................................
Nevada .......................................
New Hampshire ..........................
59
50
61
63
37
74
–
16
19
–
66
57
72
69
32
83
–
–
–
–
68
61
79
69
–
86
–
–
–
–
65
61
84
63
–
84
–
–
–
–
–
–
84
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
New Jersey .................................
New Mexico ................................
New York ....................................
North Carolina ............................
North Dakota ..............................
Ohio ............................................
Oklahoma ...................................
Oregon ........................................
Pennsylvania ..............................
Rhode Island ..............................
45
–
59
60
–
70
40
41
51
–
52
–
71
69
–
82
40
41
60
–
57
–
80
75
–
92
32
34
67
–
59
–
88
78
–
98
–
–
72
–
48
–
110
48
–
107
–
–
81
–
–
–
114
–
–
71
–
–
64
–
–
–
103
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
South Carolina ............................
South Dakota ..............................
Tennessee ..................................
Texas ..........................................
Utah ............................................
Vermont ......................................
Virginia ........................................
Washington .................................
West Virginia ..............................
Wisconsin ...................................
Wyoming .....................................
46
–
63
75
27
–
80
60
–
66
–
49
–
70
90
–
–
92
68
–
74
–
45
–
73
102
–
–
98
71
–
76
–
–
–
72
112
–
–
101
70
–
73
–
–
–
–
140
–
–
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
147
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
135
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Table B-5. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated unemployment by State
(In thousands)
Estimated level
State
2
5
10
20
25
50
100
200
250
400
600
800
1,000
Alabama .....................................
Alaska .........................................
Arizona .......................................
Arkansas .....................................
California ....................................
Colorado .....................................
Connecticut .................................
Delaware ....................................
District of Columbia ....................
Florida .........................................
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
3
1
3
2
3
3
3
1
1
3
4
2
4
3
5
4
4
2
2
4
6
2
6
4
6
5
6
3
2
5
6
3
6
5
7
6
6
–
2
6
9
–
9
7
10
9
9
–
–
8
13
–
12
10
14
12
12
–
–
12
18
–
17
–
20
–
–
–
–
17
–
–
–
–
23
–
–
–
–
19
–
–
–
–
29
–
–
–
–
24
–
–
–
–
35
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
40
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
45
–
–
–
–
–
Georgia .......................................
Hawaii .........................................
Idaho ...........................................
Illinois ..........................................
Indiana ........................................
Iowa ............................................
Kansas ........................................
Kentucky .....................................
Louisiana ....................................
Maine ..........................................
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
5
2
2
4
5
3
3
4
4
2
7
3
3
6
7
5
5
5
6
3
8
4
3
6
7
5
5
6
6
4
11
5
5
9
10
8
7
9
9
5
15
–
–
13
15
10
10
12
12
–
21
–
–
18
20
–
–
17
17
–
–
–
–
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
25
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Maryland .....................................
Massachusetts ............................
Michigan .....................................
Minnesota ...................................
Mississippi ..................................
Missouri ......................................
Montana ......................................
Nebraska ....................................
Nevada .......................................
New Hampshire ..........................
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
2
3
3
2
3
1
2
2
2
5
4
4
4
3
5
2
3
3
2
7
5
5
6
4
6
3
4
4
3
7
6
6
7
5
7
3
4
4
4
10
8
9
10
7
10
–
–
6
–
14
11
12
13
10
14
–
–
–
–
20
15
17
–
–
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
19
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
New Jersey .................................
New Mexico ................................
New York ....................................
North Carolina ............................
North Dakota ..............................
Ohio ............................................
Oklahoma ...................................
Oregon ........................................
Pennsylvania ..............................
Rhode Island ..............................
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
3
3
1
3
2
3
3
1
4
2
4
4
2
4
3
4
4
2
5
4
5
6
–
6
5
5
6
3
6
4
6
6
–
6
5
6
6
3
8
5
8
9
–
9
8
8
9
5
11
8
12
12
–
13
11
11
12
–
15
–
17
17
–
18
–
16
17
–
17
–
19
–
–
20
–
–
19
–
–
–
23
–
–
25
–
–
24
–
–
–
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
South Carolina ............................
South Dakota ..............................
Tennessee ..................................
Texas ..........................................
Utah ............................................
Vermont ......................................
Virginia ........................................
Washington .................................
West Virginia ..............................
Wisconsin ...................................
Wyoming .....................................
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
3
2
1
3
3
2
3
1
4
2
5
4
3
2
5
5
2
5
1
6
2
6
6
4
2
7
7
3
6
2
6
–
7
7
4
–
8
8
4
7
–
9
–
10
10
6
–
11
11
5
10
–
12
–
14
14
–
–
15
15
8
14
–
–
–
20
20
–
–
21
21
–
20
–
–
–
–
22
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
34
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Appendix C.
Geographic Boundary
Definitions
T
able C-1 of this appendix lists the States composing the
Census regions and divisions for which data are published
in section I. Table C-2 provides the geographic definitions
of the metropolitan areas for which data are published in section III. These data for metropolitan areas reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on June 30, 1993.1
Effective December 22, 1987, the boundary of the St. Louis
metropolitan statistical area was redefined to include the part
of Sullivan City in Crawford County, Missouri. This change
is not reflected in the data for St. Louis shown in this bulletin,
although the addition of entire counties in 1993 is reflected.
adjacent communities that have a high degree of economic
and social integration within that core.
A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of one or
more counties and meets specified size criteria—either it contains a city of at least 50,000 inhabitants, or it contains an
urbanized area of at least 50,000 inhabitants, and has a total
population of at least 100,000.
A Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) is
a metropolitan area that has a population of at least 1 million
and which has been divided into two or more PMSAs (see
below). The CMSA comprises the same geographic area as
its constituent PMSAs.
A Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) is a subarea within a CMSA. The designation of these sub-areas is
based on specific criteria, including having a population of at
least 100,000 that is at least 60 percent urban, and the support of local opinion. Areas that were designated separate
metropolitan areas as of January 1, 1980, and are now part of
a larger area, are designated as PMSAs unless local opinion
does not support their continued separate designation for statistical purposes.
Metropolitan areas
The general concept of a metropolitan area (MA) is that of a
core area containing a large population nucleus, together with
1
The standards were published in the Federal Register on March 30,
1990; the definitions and a complete listing of the areas were published on
June 30, 1993 in OMB release 93-17.
155
Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas
State and area
Type of
area
Definition
Arizona
Phoenix-Mesa ................................................
MSA
Maricopa and Pinal Counties
California
Los Angeles-Long Beach ..............................
Oakland .........................................................
Orange County ..............................................
Riverside-San Bernardino .............................
Sacramento-Yolo ...........................................
San Diego ......................................................
San Francisco ................................................
San Jose ........................................................
PMSA
PMSA
PMSA
PMSA
CMSA
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
Los Angeles County
Alameda and Contra Costa Counties
Orange County
Riverside and San Bernardino Counties
El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo Counties
San Diego County
Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties
Santa Clara County
Colorado
Denver-Boulder-Greeley ................................
CMSA
Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, Jefferson, and Weld
Counties
Connecticut
Hartford ..........................................................
MSA
Bristol, Hartford, and New Britain cities and Avon, Berlin, Bloomfield,
Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Manchester, Marlborough, Newington,
Plainville, Rocky Hill, Simsbury, Southington, South Windsor, Suffield,
West Hartford, Wethersfield, Windsor, and Windsor Locks towns in
Hartford County; Barkhamsted, Harwinton, New Hartford, Plymouth, and
Winchester towns in Litchfield County; Middletown city and Cromwell,
Durham, East Haddam, East Hampton, Haddam, Middlefield, and Portland
towns in Middlesex County; Colchester and Lebanon towns in New London
County; Andover, Bolton, Columbia, Coventry, Ellington, Hebron,
Mansfield, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, Vernon, and Willington towns in
Tolland County; and Ashford, Chaplin, and Windham towns in Windham
County
District of Columbia
Washington ....................................................
PMSA
District of Columbia; Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, and Prince
George’s Counties, Md.; Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Fredericksburg,
Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper,
Fairfax, Fauquier, King George, Loudoun, Prince William, Spotsylvania,
Stafford, and Warren Counties, Va.; Berkeley and Jefferson
Counties,W.Va.
Florida
Fort Lauderdale .............................................
Miami .............................................................
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .................
PMSA
PMSA
MSA
Broward County
Miami-Dade County
Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas Counties
Georgia
Atlanta ............................................................
MSA
Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb,
Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding,
Pickens, Rockdale, Spalding, and Walton Counties
Illinois
Chicago ..........................................................
PMSA
Cook, DeKalb, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake, McHenry, and Will
Counties
Indiana
Indianapolis ...................................................
MSA
Boone, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Madison, Marion,
Morgan, and Shelby Counties
Kentucky
Louisville ........................................................
MSA
Bullitt, Jefferson, and Oldham Counties, Ky.; Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and
Scott Counties, Ind.
Louisiana
New Orleans ..................................................
MSA
Jefferson, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St.
157
Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas
State and area
Type of
area
Definition
John the Baptist, and St. Tammany Parishes
Maryland
Baltimore .......................................................
PMSA
Baltimore City and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, and
Queen Anne’s Counties
Massachusetts
Boston ............................................................
PMSA
Taunton city and Berkley, Dighton, Mansfield, and Norton towns in Bristol
County, Mass.; Beverly, Gloucester, Lynn, Newburyport, Peabody, and
Salem cities and Amesbury, Danvers, Essex, Hamilton, Ipswich, Lynnfield,
Manchester, Marblehead, Middleton, Nahant, Newbury, Rockport, Rowley,
Salisbury, Saugus, Swampscott, Topsfield, and Wenham towns in Essex
County, Mass.; Cambridge, Everett, Malden, Marlborough, Medford,
Melrose, Newton, Somerville, Waltham, and Woburn cities and Acton,
Arlington, Ashland, Ayer, Bedford, Belmont, Boxborough, Burlington,
Carlisle, Concord, Framingham, Holliston, Hopkinton, Hudson, Lexington,
Lincoln, Littleton, Maynard, Natick, North Reading, Reading, Sherborn,
Shirley, Stoneham, Stow, Sudbury, Townsend, Wakefield, Watertown,
Wayland, Weston, Wilmington, and Winchester towns in Middlesex County,
Mass.; Quincy city and Bellingham, Braintree, Brookline, Canton,
Cohasset, Dedham, Dover, Foxborough, Franklin, Holbrook, Medfield,
Medway, Millis, Milton, Needham, Norfolk, Norwood, Plainville, Randolph,
Sharon, Stoughton, Walpole, Wellesley, Westwood, Weymouth, and
Wrentham towns in Norfolk County, Mass.; Carver, Duxbury, Hanover,
Hingham, Hull, Kingston, Marshfield, Norwell, Pembroke, Plymouth,
Rockland, Scituate, and Wareham towns in Plymouth County, Mass.;
Boston, Chelsea, and Revere cities and Winthrop town in Suffolk County,
Mass.; Berlin, Blackstone, Bolton, Harvard, Hopedale, Lancaster, Mendon,
Milford, Millville, Southborough, and Upton towns in Worcester County,
Mass.; and Seabrook and South Hampton towns in Rockingham County,
N.H.
Michigan
Detroit ............................................................
PMSA
Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties
Minnesota
Minneapolis-St. Paul ......................................
MSA
Anoka, Carver, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Ramsey, Scott,
Sherburne, Washington, and Wright Counties, Minn.; Pierce and St. Croix
Counties, Wis.
Missouri
Kansas City ...................................................
MSA
St. Louis .........................................................
MSA1
Johnson, Leavenworth, Miami, and Wyandotte Counties, Kan.; Cass, Clay,
Clinton, Jackson, Lafayette, Platte, and Ray Counties, Mo.
Clinton, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair Counties, Ill.; St. Louis city
and Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis, and Warren
Counties, Mo.
New Jersey
Bergen-Passaic .............................................
Newark ...........................................................
PMSA
PMSA
Bergen and Passaic Counties
Essex, Morris, Sussex, Union, and Warren Counties
New York
Buffalo-Niagara Falls .....................................
Nassau-Suffolk ..............................................
New York ........................................................
MSA
PMSA
PMSA
Rochester ......................................................
MSA
Erie and Niagara Counties
Nassau and Suffolk Counties
Bronx, Kings, New York, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, and
Westchester Counties
Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, and Wayne Counties
North Carolina
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill .........................
MSA
Cabarrus, Gaston, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Rowan, and Union Counties,
1
This is not the official OMB definition of the St. Louis
metropolitan statistical area. Excluded is the part of Sullivan
City in Crawford County, Missouri.
158
Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas
State and area
Type of
area
Definition
N.C.; York County, S.C.
Ohio
Cincinnati .......................................................
PMSA
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria .................................
Columbus .......................................................
Dayton-Springfield .........................................
PMSA
MSA
MSA
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City ...............................................
MSA
Canadian, Cleveland, Logan, McClain, Oklahoma, and Pottawatomie
Counties
Oregon
Portland-Vancouver .......................................
PMSA
Clackamas, Columbia, Multnomah, Washington, and Yamhill Counties,
Ore.; Clark County, Wash.
Pennsylvania
Philadelphia ...................................................
PMSA
Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Salem Counties, N.J.; Bucks,
Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadephia Counties, Pa.
Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Washington, and Westmoreland
Counties
Dearborn and Ohio Counties, Ind.; Boone, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant,
Kenton, and Pendleton Counties, Ky.; and Brown, Clermont, Hamilton, and
Warren Counties, Ohio
Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, and Medina Counties
Delaware, Fairfield, Franklin, Licking, Madison, and Pickaway Counties
Clark, Greene, Miami, and Montgomery Counties
Pittsburgh .....................................................
MSA
Rhode Island
Providence-Fall River-Warwick .....................
MSA
Attleboro and Fall River cities and North Attleboro, Rehoboth, Seekonk,
Somerset, Swansea, and Westport towns in Bristol County, Mass.;
Barrington, Bristol, and Warren towns in Bristol County, R.I.; Warwick city
and Coventry, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, and West Warwick towns
in Kent County, R.I.; Jamestown, Little Compton, and Tiverton towns in
Newport County, R.I.; Central Falls, Cranston, East Providence,
Pawtucket, Providence, and Woonsocket cities, and Burrillville,
Cumberland, Foster, Glocester, Johnston, Lincoln, North Providence,
North Smithfield, Scituate, and Smithfield in Providence County, R.I.;
Charlestown, Exeter, Narragansett, North Kingstown, Richmond, and
South Kingstown towns in Washington County, R.I.
Tennessee
Memphis ........................................................
MSA
Crittenden County, Ark.; DeSoto County, Miss.; and Fayette, Shelby, and
Tipton Counties, Tenn.
Texas
Dallas-Fort Worth ..........................................
CMSA
Houston .........................................................
San Antonio ...................................................
PMSA
MSA
Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Henderson, Hood, Hunt, Johnson, Kaufman,
Parker, Rockwall, and Tarrant Counties
Chambers, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty, Montgomery, and Waller Counties
Bexar, Comal, Guadalupe, and Wilson Counties
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden ....................................
MSA
Davis, Salt Lake, and Weber Counties
Virginia
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ..........
MSA
Currituck County, N.C.; Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk,
Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg cities
and Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James City, Mathews, and York Counties,
Va.
Washington
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett ................................
PMSA
Island, King, and Snohomish Counties
Wisconsin
Milwaukee-Waukesha ....................................
PMSA
Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, and Waukesha Counties
159