For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, March 17, 2016
Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]
USDL-16-0519
JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2016
The number of job openings rose to 5.5 million on the last business day of January, the U.S. Bureau of
Labor Statistics reported today. Hires declined to 5.0 million while separations edged down to 4.9
million. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent, and the layoffs and discharges rate was 1.2
percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations
for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions. The release also includes 2015
annual estimates for hires and separations. The annual number of hires and quits increased in 2015,
while the annual number of layoffs and discharges edged up, and the annual number of other separations
was essentially unchanged.
Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,
January 2013 - January 2016
Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,
January 2013 - January 2016
Percent
4.0
Percent
4.0
3.8
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.4
3.4
3.2
3.2
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
2.6
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.0
Jan-13
Apr-13
Jul-13
Oct-13
Jan-14
Apr-14
Jul-14
Oct-14
Jan-15
Apr-15
Jul-15
Oct-15
Jan-16
Jan-13
Hires
Separations
Apr-13
Jul-13
Oct-13
Jan-14
Apr-14
Jul-14
Oct-14
Jan-15
Apr-15
Jul-15
Oct-15
Job Openings
Job openings remain at historically high levels, rising to 5.5 million (+260,000) in January. The job
openings rate was 3.7 percent. The number of job openings increased in January for total private
(+289,000) and was little changed for government. Job openings increased in wholesale trade (+74,000)
and construction (+61,000) but decreased in educational services (-40,000) and state and local
Revisions to the JOLTS Data
Job openings, hires, and separations data have been revised from December 2000 forward to
incorporate annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the Job
Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) seasonal adjustment factors. In addition, all data series
are now available on a seasonally adjusted basis. See the revision section at the end of this release for
more information.
Jan-16
government education (-16,000). In the regions, job openings increased in the Midwest over the month.
(See table 1.)
Hires
The number of hires decreased to 5.0 million (-372,000) in January. The hires rate was 3.5 percent. The
number of hires decreased for total private (-333,000) and government (-38,000) in January. The decline
in hires was widespread across industries. There was a decline in hires in health care and social
assistance (-49,000), educational services (-42,000), transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-34,000),
and state and local government (-32,000). Hires also edged down in professional and business services
(-101,000), accommodation and food services (-67,000), state and local government, excluding
education (-16,000), and federal government (-6,000). In the regions, hires decreased in the South. (See
table 2.)
Separations
Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore,
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.
There were 4.9 million total separations in January, edging down (-225,000) from December. The total
separations rate in January was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations edged down for total private
(-199,000) and government (-26,000). Total separations rose in information (+19,000) but fell in
accommodation and food services (-122,000) and in state and local government, excluding education
(-19,000). In the regions, the number of total separations fell in the South. (See table 3.)
The number of quits fell to 2.8 million (-284,000) in January. The quits rate was 2.0 percent. The
number of quits fell for total private (-286,000) and was little changed for government over the month.
Quits fell in construction (-56,000), transportation, warehousing, and utilities (-34,000), professional and
business services (-80,000), and health care and social assistance (-49,000). Quits decreased in 3 out of
the 4 regions over the month: Northeast, South, and West. (See table 4.)
There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in January, little changed from December. The layoffs
and discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the
month for total private and edged down for government (-21,000). Seasonally adjusted estimates of
layoffs and discharges are now available for individual industries, although for industries where no
seasonal pattern was detected, the seasonally adjusted estimates are identical to the not seasonally
adjusted estimates. In January, layoffs and discharges rose in transportation, warehousing, and utilities
(+31,000) and federal government (+8,000) but fell in accommodation and food services (-72,000) and
state and local government education (-16,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed
over the month in the regions. (See table 5.)
In January, other separations rose to 437,000 (+69,000). Over the month, the number of other
separations rose for total private to 378,000 (+75,000) and was little changed for government at 58,000.
Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are now available for individual industries and
regions, although for industries and regions where no seasonal pattern was detected, the seasonally
adjusted estimates are identical to the not seasonally adjusted estimates. In January, the number of other
-2-
separations increased in health care and social assistance (+22,000), transportation, warehousing, and
utilities (+19,000), real estate and rental and leasing (+9,000), and information (+8,000), and edged up in
finance and insurance (+12,000). The number of other separations decreased in federal government
(-4,000). In the regions, the number of other separations rose in the South and West. (See table 6.)
Net Change in Employment
Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining.
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January 2016, hires totaled 61.7
million and separations totaled 59.0 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.7 million. These
totals include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
Annual Levels and Rates
This release contains the 2015 annual levels and rates for hires, total separations, quits, layoffs and
discharges, and other separations. Note that annual figures for job openings are not calculated because
job openings are measured on a stock, or point-in-time, basis rather than on a flow basis over a specified
time period. The annual figures and additional tables are published with the release of January data each
year. (See the Technical Note for additional information on these measures.)
Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. In 2015, annual levels
for hires and quits rose for the sixth consecutive year. Hires reached 61.7 million (43.5 percent of
employment) and quits reached 33.4 million (23.6 percent of employment). The layoffs and discharges
annual level edged up in 2015 for the second year, reaching 20.9 million (14.8 percent of employment).
The annual level for other separations was essentially flat in 2015 at 4.6 million (3.2 percent of
employment) after rising the past three years. The annual level for total separations (the sum of quits,
layoffs and discharges, and other separations) rose for the fifth consecutive year, reaching 58.9 million
(41.5 percent of employment) in 2015. (See tables 13 through 22.)
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2016 are scheduled to be
released on Tuesday, April 5, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
-3-
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Job openings
Category
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
4,972
4,456
17
137
306
190
116
845
166
469
5,281
4,786
14
124
317
174
143
822
137
538
210
121
302
239
64
890
903
95
808
756
67
689
179
516
68
447
157
290
147
101
390
319
71
1,034
1,075
93
982
710
62
648
199
495
80
415
171
245
Hires
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
5,541
5,075
17
185
336
183
153
967
211
586
5,052
4,723
30
369
255
152
103
1,089
131
770
5,401
5,042
33
322
274
163
112
1,087
128
760
170
100
360
291
69
1,089
1,076
53
1,023
744
68
676
201
466
83
383
155
228
188
79
206
133
73
1,006
582
61
521
907
149
758
200
329
39
290
138
152
199
72
217
142
75
1,175
641
84
557
1,024
151
873
198
359
45
314
165
149
Total separations
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
5,029
4,709
29
295
277
168
110
1,038
134
739
4,883
4,561
45
316
249
146
102
1,091
142
764
5,128
4,774
45
283
263
162
101
1,074
133
762
4,903
4,575
44
267
258
153
106
1,057
138
725
165
83
224
159
65
1,074
550
42
508
959
153
806
180
321
39
282
148
133
185
74
190
118
72
999
540
71
469
868
152
716
190
321
40
281
123
158
178
61
203
142
62
1,095
578
74
504
1,003
141
862
168
354
40
314
161
153
194
80
204
144
60
1,044
552
82
470
891
152
740
176
328
44
284
150
134
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)
Total.................................................. .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging1........................... .
Construction1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods1......................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities1.................................... .
Information1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities............................. .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . .
Other services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education1. . . .
RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)
Total.................................................. .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging1........................... .
Construction1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods1......................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities1.................................... .
Information1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities............................. .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . .
Other services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
See footnotes at end of table.
3.4
3.6
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.4
2.5
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.6
3.8
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.2
3.0
2.9
2.3
3.3
3.7
4.0
2.2
2.7
2.6
2.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.6
4.0
3.3
5.8
2.1
2.0
2.3
4.1
2.2
5.0
3.8
4.2
4.3
4.9
2.2
2.1
2.4
4.0
2.2
4.8
3.5
3.9
3.8
4.5
2.2
2.2
2.4
3.8
2.3
4.7
3.5
3.8
5.1
5.0
2.0
1.9
2.3
4.1
2.4
4.9
3.6
3.9
5.9
4.3
2.1
2.1
2.2
4.0
2.3
4.8
3.4
3.8
5.9
4.0
2.1
2.0
2.3
3.9
2.3
4.6
3.8
4.2
3.6
3.8
3.0
4.4
4.0
2.7
4.2
4.8
3.1
5.1
3.1
2.6
3.5
4.5
5.0
3.3
4.9
4.6
2.6
4.9
4.4
2.7
4.7
3.4
3.0
3.5
4.2
4.5
3.2
5.2
4.6
1.5
5.1
4.6
3.0
4.9
3.4
3.5
2.9
2.6
2.2
3.5
5.2
2.7
1.8
2.8
6.1
7.0
5.9
3.6
3.7
2.6
2.6
2.3
3.6
5.9
2.9
2.4
2.9
6.7
6.9
6.6
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.7
2.6
3.1
5.4
2.5
1.2
2.7
6.2
7.0
6.1
3.2
3.5
2.7
2.4
2.0
3.5
5.2
2.5
2.1
2.6
5.8
7.1
5.6
3.4
3.3
2.2
2.5
2.3
2.9
5.5
2.6
2.1
2.7
6.5
6.5
6.6
3.0
3.6
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.9
5.2
2.5
2.4
2.5
5.8
6.9
5.6
3.1
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued
Job openings
Category
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education1. . . .
1
Hires
Total separations
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
2.3
2.4
2.3
1.5
3.1
2.2
2.8
2.1
1.6
2.6
2.1
2.9
1.9
1.5
2.5
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.5
No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data
are identical.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data
In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have
been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment
survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio adjusted to the
CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. In most years,
this annual benchmark process would result in the revision of 21 months of not seasonally adjusted data.
However, this year the Current Employment Statistics program received corrected employment data for
January 2000 through March 2015 for some establishments that provide in-home support services for the
elderly and people with disabilities. (For more information on this year’s CES benchmark and the
reclassification of jobs, see www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.) These updated data required a
retabulation of the JOLTS series for that time period. Additionally, new seasonal factors have been
developed based on the full revised JOLTS series and have been applied to the data from December
2000 forward.
Beginning with this release, JOLTS is adding two new subseries for state and local government: state
and local education, and state and local, excluding education. Also, JOLTS now has seasonally adjusted
data for all JOLTS series. Previously, not all industries were available on a seasonally adjusted basis;
industry data for layoffs and discharges were not available; and industry and region data for other
separations were not available.
Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2015. The
December 2015 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for December 2000 through
2014 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all revised
seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be accessed
through the JOLTS homepage at www.bls.gov/jlt/.
Table B. Revisions in job openings data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
4,965
5,144
5,109
5,334
5,357
5,323
5,668
5,377
5,534
5,349
5,346
5,607
4,972
5,131
5,180
5,580
5,386
5,168
5,788
5,308
5,360
5,422
5,198
5,281
7
-13
71
246
29
-155
120
-69
-174
73
-148
-326
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.8
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.8
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.8
3.7
3.5
3.9
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.6
0.0
.0
.0
.2
.1
-.1
.1
.0
-.1
.1
-.1
-.2
Table C. Revisions in hires data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
4,994
5,011
5,088
5,034
5,060
5,182
5,065
5,081
5,080
5,168
5,256
5,361
5,052
5,091
5,110
5,071
5,111
5,147
5,084
5,060
5,131
5,212
5,253
5,401
58
80
22
37
51
-35
19
-21
51
44
-3
40
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
0.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
-.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.1
Table D. Revisions in total separations data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
4,834
4,793
5,065
4,895
4,799
4,906
4,796
4,886
4,886
4,901
4,962
5,072
4,883
4,740
4,985
4,887
4,869
4,937
4,794
4,951
4,956
4,912
4,958
5,128
49
-53
-80
-8
70
31
-2
65
70
11
-4
56
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
3.4
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
0.1
.0
-.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.1
.0
.0
.1
Table E. Revisions in quits data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
2,779
2,720
2,769
2,709
2,730
2,738
2,737
2,771
2,727
2,784
2,859
3,055
2,770
2,703
2,722
2,681
2,758
2,746
2,724
2,855
2,748
2,797
2,862
3,088
-9
-17
-47
-28
28
8
-13
84
21
13
3
33
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
2.0
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.2
0.0
.0
-.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.1
Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
1,722
1,688
1,894
1,784
1,660
1,779
1,646
1,725
1,786
1,703
1,686
1,607
1,756
1,683
1,907
1,798
1,702
1,783
1,664
1,693
1,842
1,721
1,718
1,672
34
-5
13
14
42
4
18
-32
56
18
32
65
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
0.0
.0
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.1
Table G. Revisions in other separations data, seasonally adjusted
Year and month
2015
January……………………
February……………………
March………………………
April…………………………
May…………………………
June…………………………
July…………………………
August……………………
September…………………
October……………………
November…………………
December…………………
Levels (in thousands)
As
As revised Difference
previously
published
333
385
403
402
409
389
413
389
373
414
417
411
357
354
356
407
410
407
405
403
365
394
378
368
24
-31
-47
5
1
18
-8
14
-8
-20
-39
-43
Rates
As
previously
published
As revised
Difference
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from the Job
Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles
JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS
concepts and methodology is available online at
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.
Coverage and collection
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government
entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data
are collected for total employment, job openings, hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations.
Concepts
Industry classification. The industry classifications in
this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Employment. Employment includes persons on the
payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period
that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried,
and hourly employees are included, as are employees on
paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners
of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire
pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their
employer of record, not by the establishment where they
are working.
Job openings. Job openings information is collected for
the last business day of the reference month. A job
opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and
there is work available for that position, 2) work could
start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a
suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the
position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a
position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet,
posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or
using other similar methods.
Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also
excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in
the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but
have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by
employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job
openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and
multiplying that quotient by 100.
Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to
the payroll occurring at any time during the reference
month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal
employees, employees recalled to the location after a
layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations.
The hires count does not include transfers or promotions
within the reporting site, employees returning from strike,
employees of temporary help agencies or employee
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by
100.
Separations. The separations level is the total number of
employment terminations occurring at any time during the
reference month, and is reported by type of separation—
quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations.
(Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary
separations by employees (except for retirements, which
are reported as other separations). The layoffs and
discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no
intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers,
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for
cause; terminations of permanent or short-term
employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The
other separations count includes retirements, transfers to
other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability.
The separations count does not include transfers within
the same location or employees on strike. The separations
rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The
quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.
Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, other separations, and total separations
are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual
rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average
employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100.
This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the
12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted
data and are released with the January news release each
year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings
because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of
16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments.
The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The establishments
are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million
establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which
includes all employers subject to state unemployment
insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees
program.
JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or
ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment
estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS
employment is used to adjust the levels for all other
JOLTS data elements.
JOLTS business birth/death model
As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only
be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the
birth of an establishment until its appearance on the
sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition,
many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the
sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot
capture job openings, hires, and separations from these
units during their early existence. To compensate for the
inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS
has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and
death activity from previous years. The estimates of job
openings, hires, and separations produced by the
birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates
produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for
openings, hires, and separations.
Seasonal adjustment
BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several
JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal
filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is
used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are
calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment
includes both additive and multiplicative models and
REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors)
modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at
the beginning and end of the series and to detect and
adjust for outliers in the series.
Alignment procedure
The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be
used to derive a measure of net employment change. This
change should be comparable to the net employment
change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and non-
sampling errors between the two surveys historically
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS
hires and separations series, BLS implemented the
Monthly Alignment Method.
This method applies the CES employment trends to the
seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend
(hires minus separations) forcing them to be
approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality
of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied
employment change and the CES net employment change
is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment
change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment
change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations)
proportionally to their contribution to the total churn
(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and
separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted
data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been
used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are
computed from the adjusted levels.
Reliability of the estimates
JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and
nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than
the entire population, there is a chance that the sample
estimates may differ from the "true" population values
they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error,
varies depending on the particular sample selected, and
this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate
based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because
of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available
at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.
The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling
error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons,
including the failure to include a segment of the
population, the inability to obtain data from all units in
the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing
of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark
data used in estimation.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods3..................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities3................................ .
Information3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing3.. .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . .
Accommodation and food services. . .
Other services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,972
5,360
5,422
5,198
5,281
5,541
3.4
3.6
3.7
3.5
3.6
3.7
4,456
17
137
306
190
116
845
166
469
4,880
17
104
312
191
120
954
163
623
4,938
19
129
311
181
130
931
183
563
4,725
15
101
238
138
100
861
128
527
4,786
14
124
317
174
143
822
137
538
5,075
17
185
336
183
153
967
211
586
3.6
1.8
2.1
2.4
2.4
2.5
3.1
2.8
2.9
3.9
2.1
1.6
2.5
2.4
2.6
3.4
2.7
3.8
3.9
2.3
1.9
2.5
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.0
3.5
3.8
1.9
1.5
1.9
1.8
2.1
3.1
2.1
3.2
3.8
1.8
1.8
2.5
2.2
3.0
2.9
2.3
3.3
4.0
2.2
2.7
2.6
2.3
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.6
210
121
302
239
64
890
903
95
808
756
67
689
179
516
68
447
157
169
110
313
269
44
1,111
1,080
92
989
706
50
656
173
480
55
424
150
185
114
308
242
67
1,149
1,050
107
942
737
62
676
190
484
61
423
153
205
68
356
312
44
1,126
1,113
89
1,023
732
64
668
116
473
72
401
160
147
101
390
319
71
1,034
1,075
93
982
710
62
648
199
495
80
415
171
170
100
360
291
69
1,089
1,076
53
1,023
744
68
676
201
466
83
383
155
3.8
4.2
3.6
3.8
3.0
4.4
4.0
2.7
4.2
4.8
3.1
5.1
3.1
2.3
2.4
2.3
1.5
3.0
3.8
3.7
4.2
2.1
5.3
4.6
2.6
5.0
4.4
2.3
4.8
3.0
2.1
2.0
2.2
1.4
3.3
4.0
3.6
3.8
3.1
5.5
4.5
3.0
4.8
4.6
2.7
4.9
3.3
2.1
2.2
2.1
1.5
3.6
2.4
4.2
4.9
2.0
5.4
4.7
2.5
5.2
4.6
2.8
4.8
2.0
2.1
2.5
2.0
1.5
2.6
3.5
4.5
5.0
3.3
4.9
4.6
2.6
4.9
4.4
2.7
4.7
3.4
2.2
2.8
2.1
1.6
3.0
3.5
4.2
4.5
3.2
5.2
4.6
1.5
5.1
4.6
3.0
4.9
3.4
2.1
2.9
1.9
1.5
290
274
270
241
245
228
3.1
2.9
2.9
2.6
2.6
2.5
825
1,856
1,131
1,160
896
2,015
1,218
1,232
907
2,057
1,293
1,166
897
2,071
1,121
1,109
887
1,981
1,100
1,313
897
2,075
1,268
1,301
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.3
3.8
3.9
3.5
3.3
3.8
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.7
3.3
3.9
3.3
3.8
3.8
3.8
4
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
3
No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
4
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging........................ .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . .
Accommodation and food services. . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,052
5,131
5,212
5,253
5,401
5,029
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.5
4,723
30
369
255
152
103
1,089
131
770
4,806
25
324
279
175
104
1,060
133
744
4,856
32
314
264
144
120
1,057
128
748
4,904
21
340
278
153
126
1,085
134
766
5,042
33
322
274
163
112
1,087
128
760
4,709
29
295
277
168
110
1,038
134
739
4.0
3.3
5.8
2.1
2.0
2.3
4.1
2.2
5.0
4.0
3.2
5.0
2.3
2.3
2.3
3.9
2.3
4.7
4.0
4.0
4.8
2.1
1.9
2.6
3.9
2.2
4.8
4.1
2.8
5.2
2.3
2.0
2.7
4.0
2.3
4.9
4.2
4.3
4.9
2.2
2.1
2.4
4.0
2.2
4.8
3.9
3.8
4.5
2.2
2.2
2.4
3.8
2.3
4.7
188
79
206
133
73
1,006
582
61
521
907
149
758
200
329
39
290
138
183
83
188
117
71
1,058
610
80
529
961
141
820
217
325
33
292
139
181
87
205
136
70
1,058
644
87
558
991
171
820
204
356
40
316
152
186
71
208
137
71
1,056
661
102
559
992
131
861
190
349
45
304
157
199
72
217
142
75
1,175
641
84
557
1,024
151
873
198
359
45
314
165
165
83
224
159
65
1,074
550
42
508
959
153
806
180
321
39
282
148
3.5
2.9
2.6
2.2
3.5
5.2
2.7
1.8
2.8
6.1
7.0
5.9
3.6
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.4
3.4
3.0
2.3
1.9
3.4
5.3
2.7
2.3
2.8
6.3
6.5
6.3
3.9
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.4
3.3
3.1
2.5
2.2
3.3
5.3
2.9
2.5
3.0
6.5
7.8
6.3
3.6
1.6
1.5
1.6
1.5
3.4
2.6
2.5
2.3
3.4
5.3
3.0
2.9
3.0
6.5
5.9
6.6
3.4
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.5
3.7
2.6
2.6
2.3
3.6
5.9
2.9
2.4
2.9
6.7
6.9
6.6
3.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
3.0
3.0
2.7
2.6
3.1
5.4
2.5
1.2
2.7
6.2
7.0
6.1
3.2
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.4
152
153
165
148
149
133
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.6
1.6
1.5
735
2,033
1,165
1,119
814
2,033
1,122
1,162
846
1,954
1,192
1,220
851
1,985
1,197
1,219
827
2,109
1,249
1,216
794
1,833
1,242
1,161
2.8
4.0
3.7
3.5
3.1
3.9
3.5
3.6
3.2
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.2
3.8
3.7
3.8
3.1
4.0
3.9
3.7
3.0
3.5
3.9
3.6
3
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging........................ .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . .
Accommodation and food services. . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,883
4,956
4,912
4,958
5,128
4,903
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.4
4,561
45
316
249
146
102
1,091
142
764
4,633
34
316
272
168
103
1,022
124
718
4,544
34
275
271
150
120
1,003
121
706
4,616
35
292
267
154
113
1,040
127
744
4,774
45
283
263
162
101
1,074
133
762
4,575
44
267
258
153
106
1,057
138
725
3.8
5.1
5.0
2.0
1.9
2.3
4.1
2.4
4.9
3.9
4.3
4.9
2.2
2.2
2.3
3.8
2.1
4.6
3.8
4.3
4.2
2.2
1.9
2.6
3.7
2.1
4.5
3.8
4.6
4.5
2.2
2.0
2.5
3.8
2.2
4.7
3.9
5.9
4.3
2.1
2.1
2.2
4.0
2.3
4.8
3.8
5.9
4.0
2.1
2.0
2.3
3.9
2.3
4.6
185
74
190
118
72
999
540
71
469
868
152
716
190
321
40
281
123
180
81
186
114
73
1,012
542
66
476
938
139
799
231
323
35
288
151
176
81
192
123
69
1,002
558
80
479
935
168
767
191
369
44
325
166
169
79
190
136
54
1,020
600
97
503
939
130
809
154
342
42
300
160
178
61
203
142
62
1,095
578
74
504
1,003
141
862
168
354
40
314
161
194
80
204
144
60
1,044
552
82
470
891
152
740
176
328
44
284
150
3.5
2.7
2.4
2.0
3.5
5.2
2.5
2.1
2.6
5.8
7.1
5.6
3.4
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.2
3.3
2.9
2.3
1.9
3.5
5.1
2.4
1.9
2.5
6.2
6.4
6.1
4.1
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.5
3.2
2.9
2.4
2.0
3.3
5.0
2.5
2.3
2.5
6.1
7.7
5.9
3.4
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.6
3.1
2.9
2.3
2.2
2.6
5.1
2.7
2.8
2.7
6.1
5.9
6.2
2.7
1.6
1.5
1.6
1.6
3.3
2.2
2.5
2.3
2.9
5.5
2.6
2.1
2.7
6.5
6.5
6.6
3.0
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
3.6
2.9
2.5
2.4
2.9
5.2
2.5
2.4
2.5
5.8
6.9
5.6
3.1
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
158
137
160
140
153
134
1.8
1.5
1.8
1.6
1.7
1.5
782
1,968
1,048
1,085
785
1,967
1,061
1,143
733
1,972
1,091
1,117
797
1,952
1,112
1,098
855
2,011
1,105
1,156
796
1,863
1,091
1,154
3.0
3.8
3.3
3.4
3.0
3.8
3.3
3.5
2.8
3.8
3.4
3.4
3.0
3.8
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.9
3.5
3.6
3.0
3.6
3.4
3.5
3
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging........................ .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing3.. .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . .
Accommodation and food services. . .
Other services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,770
2,748
2,797
2,862
3,088
2,804
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.0
2,627
12
115
137
84
53
614
77
452
2,601
15
133
144
88
57
620
83
446
2,631
14
87
147
74
73
646
68
470
2,705
18
129
145
74
71
627
72
471
2,922
16
137
133
80
54
719
81
518
2,636
18
81
142
80
62
644
85
473
2.2
1.4
1.8
1.1
1.1
1.2
2.3
1.3
2.9
2.2
2.0
2.1
1.2
1.1
1.2
2.3
1.4
2.8
2.2
1.8
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.6
2.4
1.2
3.0
2.2
2.4
2.0
1.2
1.0
1.6
2.3
1.2
3.0
2.4
2.1
2.1
1.1
1.0
1.2
2.7
1.4
3.3
2.2
2.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.3
2.4
1.4
3.0
85
37
113
77
36
560
363
34
329
573
55
518
101
143
13
130
61
90
43
97
61
36
486
342
35
308
608
55
552
114
147
12
134
72
108
43
114
69
45
531
364
38
326
588
56
532
97
166
14
152
77
85
42
86
62
24
522
408
55
353
636
53
583
91
157
14
143
72
120
35
122
87
36
614
385
49
336
671
60
611
89
166
13
153
75
86
41
108
78
30
534
336
49
287
621
65
556
110
168
13
155
81
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.7
2.9
1.7
1.0
1.8
3.8
2.6
4.0
1.8
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.6
1.7
1.6
1.2
1.0
1.7
2.5
1.5
1.0
1.6
4.0
2.5
4.2
2.0
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.7
2.0
1.6
1.4
1.1
2.1
2.7
1.6
1.1
1.7
3.9
2.5
4.1
1.7
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.8
1.6
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.1
2.6
1.8
1.6
1.9
4.2
2.4
4.4
1.6
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.7
2.2
1.3
1.5
1.4
1.7
3.1
1.7
1.4
1.8
4.4
2.7
4.6
1.6
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.7
1.6
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.4
2.7
1.5
1.4
1.5
4.0
3.0
4.2
2.0
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.8
69
62
75
71
78
74
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.8
389
1,147
610
624
393
1,126
621
608
382
1,126
648
641
400
1,137
687
638
445
1,286
656
701
396
1,134
652
622
1.5
2.2
1.9
2.0
1.5
2.2
2.0
1.9
1.4
2.2
2.0
2.0
1.5
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.7
2.5
2.0
2.2
1.5
2.2
2.0
1.9
4
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
4
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . .
Accommodation and food services. . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,756
1,842
1,721
1,718
1,672
1,663
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1,646
30
197
90
50
40
375
61
228
1,737
15
175
108
67
41
301
25
204
1,593
18
177
102
61
41
273
46
176
1,599
12
157
101
64
37
302
45
189
1,549
26
138
104
65
39
266
39
177
1,561
24
173
94
59
35
305
46
178
1.4
3.4
3.1
0.7
0.6
0.9
1.4
1.0
1.5
1.4
1.9
2.7
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.1
0.4
1.3
1.3
2.2
2.7
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
2.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
0.8
1.2
1.3
3.4
2.1
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
0.7
1.1
1.3
3.2
2.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
0.8
1.1
86
27
54
26
28
402
133
31
103
262
91
171
76
110
17
93
38
72
26
73
40
33
471
152
25
128
303
80
224
112
106
8
98
50
51
29
46
27
19
409
146
37
109
314
109
205
79
129
11
118
61
69
31
58
32
26
441
156
37
119
280
72
208
59
119
11
108
62
50
19
62
38
24
414
149
22
127
298
80
219
72
123
10
113
61
81
24
56
37
19
446
150
29
121
231
84
147
59
102
18
84
45
1.6
1.0
0.7
0.4
1.4
2.1
0.6
0.9
0.6
1.8
4.3
1.3
1.4
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.4
1.3
0.9
0.9
0.7
1.6
2.4
0.7
0.7
0.7
2.0
3.6
1.7
2.0
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.9
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.9
2.1
0.7
1.1
0.6
2.1
5.0
1.6
1.4
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.6
1.3
1.1
0.7
0.5
1.2
2.2
0.7
1.1
0.6
1.8
3.3
1.6
1.0
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.6
1.1
2.1
0.7
0.6
0.7
1.9
3.6
1.7
1.3
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.6
1.5
0.9
0.7
0.6
0.9
2.2
0.7
0.8
0.6
1.5
3.8
1.1
1.0
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.4
55
48
57
46
52
39
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.4
322
668
385
380
323
689
379
451
285
669
364
404
329
647
348
393
324
601
374
372
328
567
360
408
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.4
1.1
1.3
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.3
4
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
4
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total.............................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging........................ .
Construction3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods3..................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities3................................ .
Information3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing3.. .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance3. . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation3.. .
Accommodation and food services3.. .
Other services3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
357
365
394
378
368
437
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
288
2
3
22
13
9
102
4
83
295
3
8
19
13
6
101
15
68
320
2
11
22
15
7
84
7
60
311
5
6
20
15
5
110
10
84
303
3
8
26
17
8
89
14
68
378
2
13
23
14
9
108
7
74
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.5
14
10
23
15
7
37
44
7
37
32
6
27
12
68
11
57
23
18
12
17
13
4
55
47
7
40
27
4
23
5
70
15
55
29
17
9
32
27
5
63
48
4
44
34
4
30
15
74
19
55
27
15
5
46
42
4
56
36
5
31
23
5
18
4
66
17
49
26
8
7
19
17
2
66
44
4
40
34
2
32
7
65
17
48
25
27
15
40
29
11
64
66
4
62
40
3
37
7
58
13
45
24
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.7
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
34
27
28
23
23
21
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
71
153
53
80
69
151
61
84
66
177
79
72
67
168
77
66
86
125
75
82
73
161
79
124
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
4
REGION
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
4
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS
seasonal adjustment factors.
2
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,031
4,844
5,621
3.5
3.3
3.8
4,541
17
137
306
190
116
817
166
441
210
121
328
264
64
951
973
95
878
714
65
649
179
489
68
421
131
290
4,368
14
124
317
174
143
717
137
433
147
101
350
279
71
959
1,015
93
923
571
43
529
199
475
80
396
151
245
5,183
17
185
336
183
153
936
211
556
170
100
394
325
69
1,146
1,162
53
1,109
706
68
638
201
438
83
356
128
228
3.7
1.9
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.5
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.8
4.3
3.9
4.2
3.0
4.8
4.3
2.8
4.6
4.8
3.3
5.0
3.1
2.2
2.4
2.2
1.3
3.2
3.5
1.8
1.9
2.5
2.2
3.0
2.5
2.3
2.6
2.5
3.5
4.1
4.4
3.3
4.6
4.3
2.5
4.6
3.7
2.1
3.9
3.4
2.1
2.8
2.0
1.4
2.7
4.2
2.2
2.9
2.7
2.3
3.2
3.4
3.5
3.4
3.0
3.6
4.6
5.1
3.2
5.5
5.0
1.6
5.6
4.6
3.4
4.8
3.5
2.0
2.9
1.8
1.2
2.5
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
818
1,930
1,086
1,197
811
1,854
1,016
1,161
897
2,153
1,229
1,342
3.1
3.7
3.4
3.7
2.9
3.4
3.1
3.4
3.3
4.0
3.7
4.0
1
Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,794
3,919
4,784
3.5
2.7
3.4
4,504
35
322
268
165
103
913
144
599
171
88
224
149
76
1,090
612
61
552
763
113
650
187
291
33
258
128
129
3,697
22
183
183
109
74
874
94
577
203
57
160
106
54
894
469
42
427
722
103
619
133
222
37
184
86
99
4,500
34
257
291
182
109
865
146
570
149
95
247
179
68
1,164
577
42
535
803
117
686
166
284
33
251
138
113
3.9
4.0
5.4
2.2
2.1
2.3
3.4
2.5
3.9
3.2
3.3
2.8
2.5
3.7
5.7
2.8
1.8
3.0
5.4
6.0
5.3
3.4
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.5
3.0
2.8
2.8
1.5
1.4
1.6
3.1
1.6
3.5
3.6
2.0
2.0
1.7
2.6
4.5
2.1
1.2
2.3
4.8
5.1
4.8
2.4
1.0
1.3
0.9
0.8
1.1
3.8
4.6
4.1
2.4
2.4
2.4
3.2
2.5
3.6
2.8
3.5
3.0
2.9
3.3
5.9
2.6
1.2
2.8
5.5
6.1
5.4
3.0
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
663
2,063
1,056
1,012
609
1,524
900
886
719
1,873
1,139
1,052
2.6
4.1
3.4
3.2
2.3
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.7
3.6
3.6
3.3
1
Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,382
4,822
5,386
3.9
3.3
3.8
5,076
46
364
250
153
98
1,442
151
1,016
275
94
219
135
84
1,081
558
64
494
837
128
710
184
305
64
241
95
146
4,511
41
304
234
141
93
1,102
109
780
212
53
189
131
58
1,064
504
55
448
867
109
758
154
311
37
275
134
141
5,076
46
312
262
163
99
1,367
150
934
283
100
241
173
68
1,150
570
75
495
856
129
727
171
310
72
238
116
122
4.4
5.3
6.1
2.1
2.0
2.2
5.4
2.6
6.6
5.2
3.5
2.7
2.3
4.1
5.7
2.6
1.9
2.7
5.9
6.8
5.7
3.3
1.4
2.3
1.3
0.9
1.7
3.7
5.4
4.7
1.9
1.8
2.0
4.0
1.9
4.8
3.8
1.9
2.3
2.2
2.8
5.3
2.2
1.5
2.4
5.8
5.4
5.8
2.7
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.6
4.3
6.1
5.0
2.1
2.1
2.2
5.1
2.6
5.9
5.2
3.7
3.0
2.8
3.3
5.9
2.6
2.2
2.6
5.8
6.7
5.7
3.1
1.4
2.6
1.2
1.1
1.4
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
896
2,163
1,142
1,180
842
1,828
1,100
1,052
916
2,028
1,183
1,258
3.5
4.3
3.7
3.7
3.2
3.5
3.4
3.2
3.5
4.0
3.7
3.9
1
Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,763
2,604
2,805
2.0
1.8
2.0
2,638
12
102
124
79
46
649
83
484
83
44
114
78
36
561
381
32
349
551
46
505
101
125
14
111
50
61
2,476
12
106
97
58
39
654
58
471
125
28
107
71
36
527
317
34
283
539
43
496
89
129
11
118
54
64
2,660
17
72
130
77
54
684
93
508
83
49
111
81
30
539
352
47
305
596
54
541
110
146
14
132
65
66
2.3
1.3
1.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.4
1.4
3.1
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.3
1.8
2.9
1.8
1.0
1.9
3.9
2.4
4.1
1.8
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.7
2.0
1.6
1.6
0.8
0.7
0.9
2.3
1.0
2.9
2.2
1.0
1.3
1.2
1.7
2.6
1.4
0.9
1.5
3.6
2.1
3.8
1.6
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.7
2.2
2.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.2
2.5
1.6
3.2
1.5
1.8
1.4
1.3
1.5
2.7
1.6
1.4
1.6
4.1
2.8
4.3
2.0
0.7
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.7
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
413
1,162
571
617
365
1,080
558
601
420
1,150
614
621
1.6
2.3
1.8
2.0
1.4
2.1
1.7
1.8
1.6
2.2
1.9
1.9
1
Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,175
1,844
2,041
1.6
1.3
1.4
2,074
30
259
99
57
43
651
61
412
178
40
75
35
40
462
133
25
108
254
76
178
70
101
32
69
26
43
1,727
26
190
112
67
45
369
39
250
80
18
60
40
20
458
142
18
125
294
65
230
58
116
7
109
62
47
1,944
24
228
104
68
36
538
46
320
172
37
77
50
27
509
153
25
128
220
72
149
53
97
36
61
30
31
1.8
3.5
4.4
0.8
0.7
0.9
2.5
1.0
2.7
3.3
1.5
0.9
0.6
2.0
2.4
0.6
0.8
0.6
1.8
4.0
1.4
1.3
0.5
1.2
0.4
0.2
0.5
1.4
3.4
2.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.3
0.7
1.5
1.4
0.6
0.7
0.7
1.0
2.3
0.6
0.5
0.7
2.0
3.2
1.8
1.0
0.5
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.5
1.6
3.3
3.7
0.8
0.9
0.8
2.0
0.8
2.0
3.2
1.3
0.9
0.8
1.3
2.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.5
3.7
1.2
1.0
0.4
1.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
393
818
493
471
396
609
470
368
405
687
453
496
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.1
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.5
1
Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
Rates2
Levels (in thousands)
Industry and region
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Jan.
2015
Dec.
2015
Jan.
2016p
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDUSTRY
Total private......................................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction...................................................... .
Manufacturing.................................................... .
Durable goods................................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade............................................... .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services........................... .
Education and health services. . . . . . . .......................... .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation......................... .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government......................................................... .
Federal............................................................ .
State and local................................................... .
State and local education.................................... .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
444
375
540
0.3
0.3
0.4
364
4
3
27
17
9
142
7
120
14
10
30
23
7
59
44
7
37
32
6
27
12
79
18
61
19
42
308
3
8
25
17
8
80
13
59
8
7
22
20
2
78
44
4
40
34
2
32
7
66
18
48
18
30
472
4
13
27
18
9
145
12
106
27
15
54
42
11
101
66
4
62
40
3
37
7
68
22
45
20
25
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.8
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.7
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.2
0.3
REGION3
Northeast............................................................ .
South. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Midwest.............................................................. .
West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
184
79
91
80
140
72
83
91
192
115
142
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
1
Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
3
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[in thousands]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50,253
52,354
54,318
58,632
61,680
47,166
339
4,175
3,052
1,779
1,275
10,009
1,518
6,801
1,690
736
1,884
1,196
688
10,385
5,850
947
4,900
8,520
1,449
7,072
2,219
3,084
332
2,754
1,409
1,342
48,914
378
3,996
2,983
1,796
1,187
10,481
1,576
6,999
1,907
749
2,198
1,421
779
10,614
6,196
884
5,310
9,101
1,555
7,547
2,220
3,439
372
3,067
1,532
1,533
50,879
356
3,866
2,894
1,742
1,150
11,153
1,428
7,804
1,920
845
2,414
1,585
828
11,048
6,429
901
5,526
9,631
1,571
8,058
2,249
3,440
371
3,069
1,575
1,494
54,980
397
3,751
3,126
1,829
1,297
12,811
1,749
8,850
2,216
892
2,315
1,511
803
12,054
6,871
988
5,886
10,523
1,770
8,752
2,238
3,653
390
3,262
1,555
1,706
57,557
312
3,909
3,163
1,852
1,312
13,013
1,675
9,085
2,256
946
2,369
1,590
780
12,573
7,335
980
6,358
11,453
1,774
9,680
2,477
4,126
479
3,645
1,797
1,849
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
8,450
19,158
11,603
11,043
8,405
20,659
11,720
11,572
8,511
21,602
11,887
12,319
8,871
23,223
13,089
13,449
9,690
24,164
13,837
13,992
1
The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[percent]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38.1
39.0
39.8
42.2
43.5
42.9
43.0
75.5
26.0
24.5
28.6
39.9
27.4
46.4
34.8
27.5
24.5
20.7
35.7
59.9
28.8
29.1
28.7
63.8
75.5
61.9
41.4
14.0
11.6
14.3
13.8
14.9
43.6
44.6
70.8
25.0
24.0
26.6
41.1
27.8
47.2
38.4
28.0
28.2
24.4
39.8
59.2
29.8
26.5
30.5
66.1
79.0
64.0
40.9
15.7
13.2
16.1
15.1
17.2
44.4
41.3
66.0
24.1
23.1
25.7
43.1
24.9
51.8
38.0
31.2
30.6
26.9
41.4
59.7
30.5
26.9
31.2
67.6
77.4
65.9
41.0
15.7
13.4
16.1
15.5
16.8
47.0
44.6
61.0
25.7
23.8
28.7
48.6
30.1
57.6
42.5
32.7
29.0
25.5
39.2
63.2
32.0
28.9
32.7
71.6
84.2
69.5
40.2
16.7
14.3
17.0
15.2
19.1
48.0
38.0
60.6
25.7
23.9
28.7
48.3
28.5
58.1
41.7
34.4
29.2
26.3
37.4
63.9
33.3
28.3
34.2
75.7
81.9
74.7
44.0
18.7
17.4
18.9
17.5
20.6
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
33.7
39.9
38.7
38.2
33.3
42.4
38.6
38.7
33.4
43.6
38.7
40.1
34.4
45.9
42.1
42.6
36.9
46.8
43.7
43.4
1
The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[in thousands]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48,214
50,143
51,951
55,625
58,943
44,760
242
3,967
2,838
1,546
1,292
9,503
1,391
6,495
1,618
738
1,851
1,162
687
9,805
5,441
821
4,620
8,211
1,477
6,736
2,164
3,451
372
3,080
1,625
1,456
46,638
357
3,886
2,810
1,654
1,155
10,082
1,477
6,844
1,760
758
2,104
1,361
741
10,011
5,802
867
4,934
8,652
1,470
7,180
2,178
3,504
395
3,108
1,539
1,570
48,443
334
3,639
2,775
1,651
1,125
10,578
1,369
7,397
1,811
804
2,331
1,545
789
10,504
6,164
863
5,302
9,147
1,502
7,647
2,161
3,509
440
3,070
1,567
1,501
52,098
363
3,433
2,927
1,672
1,256
12,196
1,666
8,556
1,973
883
2,203
1,457
746
11,439
6,358
896
5,462
10,118
1,720
8,399
2,179
3,526
382
3,144
1,481
1,665
54,957
448
3,618
3,142
1,873
1,270
12,536
1,607
8,798
2,132
920
2,218
1,477
742
11,972
6,648
929
5,718
11,046
1,705
9,343
2,413
3,984
462
3,524
1,735
1,789
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
8,125
18,515
11,077
10,494
8,291
19,728
11,342
10,783
8,473
20,353
11,161
11,965
8,738
21,945
12,253
12,690
9,207
23,354
12,972
13,408
1
The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the entire year.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[percent]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36.5
37.4
38.1
40.0
41.5
40.7
30.7
71.7
24.2
21.3
29.0
37.9
25.1
44.3
33.3
27.6
24.0
20.1
35.7
56.6
26.8
25.3
27.1
61.5
77.0
58.9
40.4
15.6
13.0
16.0
15.9
16.2
41.5
42.1
68.8
23.6
22.1
25.9
39.6
26.1
46.1
35.4
28.3
27.0
23.4
37.9
55.8
27.9
26.0
28.3
62.8
74.7
60.8
40.1
16.0
14.0
16.3
15.1
17.6
42.3
38.7
62.1
23.1
21.9
25.2
40.9
23.9
49.1
35.9
29.7
29.6
26.2
39.5
56.7
29.2
25.7
29.9
64.2
74.0
62.6
39.4
16.1
15.9
16.1
15.4
16.8
44.5
40.7
55.8
24.0
21.8
27.8
46.2
28.7
55.7
37.9
32.4
27.6
24.6
36.5
60.0
29.7
26.2
30.3
68.8
81.8
66.7
39.1
16.1
14.0
16.4
14.5
18.6
45.9
54.6
56.1
25.5
24.1
27.8
46.6
27.4
56.2
39.5
33.5
27.3
24.5
35.6
60.9
30.1
26.8
30.8
73.0
78.7
72.1
42.9
18.1
16.8
18.3
16.9
19.9
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
32.4
38.6
36.9
36.3
32.8
40.5
37.4
36.1
33.3
41.1
36.4
38.9
33.9
43.4
39.4
40.2
35.1
45.2
40.9
41.5
1
The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[in thousands]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23,581
25,144
27,718
30,597
33,415
22,181
138
941
1,254
641
612
5,230
619
3,872
737
406
988
654
331
4,461
3,012
379
2,631
4,781
517
4,264
976
1,399
112
1,289
704
586
23,600
197
983
1,293
718
574
5,617
690
4,053
873
438
1,097
710
387
4,390
3,307
402
2,906
5,194
515
4,679
1,079
1,545
131
1,417
768
647
26,145
170
1,190
1,318
744
574
6,047
713
4,458
874
427
1,183
795
387
5,279
3,655
396
3,258
5,712
575
5,134
1,166
1,575
136
1,439
745
694
28,912
183
1,309
1,449
802
648
7,018
907
5,151
962
488
1,159
747
411
5,618
3,853
450
3,405
6,560
622
5,938
1,269
1,686
124
1,564
752
812
31,529
172
1,384
1,642
937
706
7,504
920
5,470
1,115
507
1,206
818
391
6,195
4,391
497
3,897
7,179
663
6,514
1,348
1,885
151
1,738
879
859
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
3,405
9,545
5,487
5,145
3,675
10,596
5,653
5,219
3,868
11,533
6,234
6,090
4,168
12,762
6,824
6,844
4,708
13,843
7,425
7,439
1
The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[percent]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.9
18.7
20.3
22.0
23.6
20.2
17.5
17.0
10.7
8.8
13.7
20.9
11.2
26.4
15.2
15.2
12.8
11.3
17.2
25.7
14.8
11.7
15.4
35.8
26.9
37.3
18.2
6.3
3.9
6.7
6.9
6.5
21.0
23.2
17.4
10.8
9.6
12.9
22.0
12.2
27.3
17.6
16.4
14.1
12.2
19.8
24.5
15.9
12.0
16.7
37.7
26.2
39.7
19.9
7.0
4.6
7.4
7.6
7.2
22.8
19.7
20.3
11.0
9.9
12.8
23.4
12.4
29.6
17.3
15.8
15.0
13.5
19.4
28.5
17.3
11.8
18.4
40.1
28.3
42.0
21.3
7.2
4.9
7.5
7.3
7.8
24.7
20.5
21.3
11.9
10.5
14.4
26.6
15.6
33.5
18.5
17.9
14.5
12.6
20.1
29.5
18.0
13.2
18.9
44.6
29.6
47.2
22.8
7.7
4.5
8.2
7.4
9.1
26.3
21.0
21.5
13.3
12.1
15.5
27.9
15.7
35.0
20.6
18.4
14.8
13.5
18.7
31.5
19.9
14.3
21.0
47.5
30.6
50.3
24.0
8.6
5.5
9.0
8.6
9.6
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
13.6
19.9
18.3
17.8
14.6
21.7
18.6
17.5
15.2
23.3
20.3
19.8
16.2
25.2
21.9
21.7
17.9
26.8
23.4
23.1
1
The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[in thousands]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20,756
20,952
19,903
20,420
20,942
19,431
83
2,880
1,337
747
588
3,405
592
2,140
674
279
656
354
305
4,725
1,876
369
1,506
3,130
928
2,203
1,057
1,326
137
1,189
631
559
19,758
140
2,791
1,261
774
487
3,554
659
2,213
681
259
628
344
283
5,026
1,992
402
1,591
3,115
929
2,186
989
1,195
141
1,057
472
585
18,748
139
2,321
1,185
739
445
3,556
525
2,316
716
302
720
405
317
4,678
1,940
407
1,533
3,042
885
2,155
866
1,154
148
1,008
503
504
19,350
142
1,980
1,176
693
480
3,902
620
2,467
813
308
673
403
271
5,182
2,006
385
1,621
3,211
1,060
2,152
770
1,070
128
941
452
487
19,624
240
2,065
1,229
764
466
3,824
564
2,429
832
300
710
415
295
5,078
1,706
366
1,341
3,523
996
2,529
944
1,317
144
1,172
571
602
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
4,011
7,591
4,667
4,490
3,799
7,691
4,741
4,723
3,773
7,225
4,039
4,865
3,728
7,371
4,465
4,854
3,633
7,666
4,646
4,998
1
The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[percent]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15.7
15.6
14.6
14.7
14.8
17.7
10.5
52.1
11.4
10.3
13.2
13.6
10.7
14.6
13.9
10.4
8.5
6.1
15.8
27.3
9.2
11.4
8.8
23.4
48.4
19.3
19.7
6.0
4.8
6.2
6.2
6.2
17.6
16.5
49.4
10.6
10.4
10.9
13.9
11.6
14.9
13.7
9.7
8.1
5.9
14.5
28.0
9.6
12.0
9.1
22.6
47.2
18.5
18.2
5.5
5.0
5.5
4.6
6.5
16.4
16.1
39.6
9.9
9.8
10.0
13.7
9.2
15.4
14.2
11.2
9.1
6.9
15.9
25.3
9.2
12.1
8.6
21.3
43.6
17.6
15.8
5.3
5.3
5.3
4.9
5.7
16.5
15.9
32.2
9.7
9.0
10.6
14.8
10.7
16.1
15.6
11.3
8.4
6.8
13.2
27.2
9.4
11.3
9.0
21.8
50.4
17.1
13.8
4.9
4.7
4.9
4.4
5.4
16.4
29.3
32.0
10.0
9.9
10.2
14.2
9.6
15.5
15.4
10.9
8.7
6.9
14.1
25.8
7.7
10.6
7.2
23.3
46.0
19.5
16.8
6.0
5.2
6.1
5.6
6.7
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
16.0
15.8
15.6
15.5
15.0
15.8
15.6
15.8
14.8
14.6
13.2
15.8
14.5
14.6
14.4
15.4
13.8
14.8
14.7
15.5
1
The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[in thousands]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,877
4,044
4,331
4,606
4,587
3,149
20
149
247
158
91
868
182
483
205
52
207
156
50
617
554
72
484
302
30
270
131
727
121
603
290
313
3,285
19
109
255
162
96
911
129
578
206
60
376
306
70
592
502
64
440
342
27
315
109
762
125
637
298
338
3,550
27
129
271
167
106
976
131
620
224
74
428
345
83
549
569
59
510
395
37
355
128
780
154
625
320
305
3,835
37
144
303
175
126
1,273
137
938
197
89
370
307
64
639
498
60
439
347
36
310
138
771
130
642
277
363
3,805
31
169
271
171
98
1,208
122
899
188
110
302
246
57
697
546
67
480
345
45
301
120
780
166
614
288
329
710
1,387
922
857
816
1,443
944
841
833
1,599
892
1,008
839
1,812
962
992
871
1,847
900
972
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
1
The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the entire year.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2
Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1
[percent]
Industry and region
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Total............................................................................. .
INDUSTRY
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging....................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods..................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade............................................................. .
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.......................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... .
Financial activities........................................................ .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality................................................... .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation and food services.................................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State and local, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.9
3.0
3.2
3.3
3.2
2.9
2.5
2.7
2.1
2.2
2.0
3.5
3.3
3.3
4.2
1.9
2.7
2.7
2.6
3.6
2.7
2.2
2.8
2.3
1.6
2.4
2.4
3.3
4.2
3.1
2.8
3.5
2.9
2.2
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.2
3.6
2.3
3.9
4.1
2.2
4.8
5.3
3.6
3.3
2.4
1.9
2.5
2.5
1.4
2.7
2.0
3.5
4.4
3.3
2.9
3.8
3.1
3.1
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.4
3.8
2.3
4.1
4.4
2.7
5.4
5.9
4.2
3.0
2.7
1.8
2.9
2.8
1.8
2.9
2.3
3.6
5.6
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.3
4.2
2.3
2.5
2.3
2.8
4.8
2.4
6.1
3.8
3.3
4.6
5.2
3.1
3.4
2.3
1.8
2.4
2.4
1.7
2.5
2.5
3.5
4.8
3.4
2.7
4.1
3.2
3.8
2.6
2.2
2.2
2.1
4.5
2.1
5.7
3.5
4.0
3.7
4.1
2.7
3.5
2.5
1.9
2.6
2.3
2.1
2.3
2.1
3.5
6.0
3.2
2.8
3.7
REGION2
Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South. . . . . . . . ................................................................. .
Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West.......................................................................... .
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.0
3.2
3.0
3.1
2.8
3.3
3.2
2.9
3.3
3.3
3.6
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.6
2.8
3.0
1
The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New
Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,
California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
2