Highlights of Women’s
Earnings in 2002
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
September 2003
Report 972
NOTE: The statistics in this report for the
years 2000, 2001, and 2002 were revised
after this report was published.
These data were revised in 2003 to incorporate
Census 2000-based population controls and other
changes to the survey, but the report was not
reissued.
To obtain revised data for these years, contact the
Division of Labor Force Statistics by email at
[email protected] or by telephone at (202) 691-6378.
Highlights of Women’s
Earnings in 2002
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
September 2003
Report 972
• Between 1979 and 2002, the earnings gap between
Introduction
women and men narrowed for most major age groups. The
women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio among 35- to 44-year-olds,
for example, was 75.4 percent in 2002, compared with 58.3
percent in 1979, and that for 45- to 54-year-olds was 74.6
percent, compared with 56.9 percent. The earnings ratios
for teenagers and for workers aged 65 and older, however,
showed no consistent movement over the period. (See table
13.)
M
edian weekly earnings for women who were fulltime wage and salary workers were $530 in 2002, or
78 percent of the $680 median for their male counterparts. The corresponding ratio was 76 percent in 2001. In
1979, the first year of comparable earnings data, women
earned 63 percent as much as men. (See chart 1.)
The women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio varies significantly
by demographic group. Among blacks and Hispanics, for
example, the ratios were about 91 and 88 percent, respectively; for whites, the ratio was about 78 percent. Young
women and men (those 16 to 24 years old) had fairly similar
earnings; in the older age groups, however, women’s earnings were much lower than men’s.
This report presents earnings data from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS is a national monthly survey
of approximately 60,000 households conducted by the U.S.
Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The earnings data are collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly
sample. Users should note that the comparisons of earnings
in this report are on a broad level and do not control for many
factors that can be significant in explaining earnings differences. For a detailed description of the source of the data
and an explanation of the concepts and definitions used,
please see the Technical Note in this report.
• White workers of either gender earned more than their
black or Hispanic counterparts in 2002, although the differences among women were much smaller than those among
men. White women’s earnings ($549) were 15.8 percent higher
than black women’s ($474), and 38.6 percent higher than those
of Hispanic women ($396). In contrast, white men’s earnings
($702) were 34.2 percent higher than the earnings of their
black counterparts ($523) and 56.3 percent greater than those
of Hispanic men ($449). (See tables 1 and 14.)
• The earnings difference between women and men continued to be widest for whites. White women earned just
78.2 percent as much as white men in 2002. Black women’s
earnings were 90.7 percent of black men’s, and Hispanic
women earned 88.2 percent as much as Hispanic men. (See
tables 1 and 14 and chart 2.)
Highlights
• Earnings growth of white women and men has outpaced that of their black and Hispanic counterparts. Between 1979 and 2002, inflation-adjusted earnings for white
women grew fairly steadily, rising by 30.1 percent. Earnings
growth over the period among black and Hispanic women
was much less, at 22.2 percent and 9.7 percent, respectively.
However, real earnings for white men rose by only 2.6 percent, earnings for black men were unchanged, and those for
Hispanic men fell. (See table 14.)
Following are some highlights of women’s and men’s earnings in 2002:
Full-time workers
• Among women, 45- to 54-year-olds had the highest
earnings ($603), followed by 55- to 64-year-olds and 35- to
44-year-olds (both around $574). Men’s earnings also were
highest among 45- to 54-year-olds ($808). The difference
between women’s and men’s earnings is much greater among
middle-aged and older workers than it is among younger
workers. For instance, among workers aged 45 to 54, women
earned 74.6 percent as much as men; in contrast, 16- to 24year-old women earned 93.6 percent as much as their male
counterparts. (See tables 1, 8, and 13.)
• Median weekly earnings varied considerably by educational level in 2002. Among women, those with less than a
high school diploma earned $323 per week, compared with
$809 for those with a college degree. Among men, high school
dropouts had earnings of $421 a week, compared with $1,089
for college graduates. (See table 7.)
1
as teachers (except college and university). (See table 3.)
• At all levels of education, women have fared better
than men with respect to earnings growth. Although both
women and men with less than a high school diploma have
experienced a decline in inflation-adjusted earnings since
1979, women’s earnings have fallen significantly less—7.2
percent, compared with a 27.2-percent drop for men. Earnings for women with college degrees have increased by 33.7
percent since 1979 on an inflation-adjusted basis, while those
of male college graduates have risen by 19.9 percent. (See
table 15 and chart 3.)
• The ratio of female-to-male earnings varied by State,
from a high of 88.5 percent in the District of Columbia to a
low of 66.2 percent in Wyoming. The differences among the
States reflect, in part, variations in the occupation, industry,
and age composition of each State’s labor force. In addition,
sampling error for the State estimates is considerably larger
than it is for the national data. (See table 4.)
Part-time workers
• Women who worked part time—that is, less than 35
hours per week—comprised 25.2 percent of all female wage
and salary workers in 2002. In contrast, just 10.8 percent of
men in wage and salary jobs worked part time. (See tables 5
and 6.)
• Women working full time in professional specialty occupations earned $773 per week in 2002. This was more than
women earned in any other major occupational category.
Among professional specialty fields, women working as engineers, computer scientists, physicians, pharmacists, physical therapists, and lawyers had the highest median weekly
earnings. (See tables 2 and 3.)
• Median weekly earnings of female part-time workers
were $192, compared with $178 for male part-time workers.
Men have lower earnings largely because, unlike women,
male part-time workers are highly concentrated in the youngest age groups, which typically have low earnings. About 52
percent of male part-time workers were 16 to 24 years old,
compared with 31 percent of female part-timers. (See table 5.)
• Women’s share of employment in occupations typified by high earnings has grown. In 2002, 47.5 percent of
full-time wage and salary workers in executive, administrative, and managerial occupations were women, up from 34.2
percent in 1983 (the first year for which comparable data are
available). Over the same period, women’s share of full-time
employment in professional specialty occupations rose from
46.8 percent to 53.1 percent. (See table 2.)
Workers paid by the hour
• About 62 percent of women and 57 percent of men
employed in wage and salary jobs were paid by the hour in
2002. Women who were hourly paid workers had median
hourly earnings of $9.89. This was 85.0 percent of the median for men ($11.63). (See tables 10, 11, 16, and 17.)
• Despite increased representation in the higher paying
managerial and professional occupations, women remained
a small proportion of other relatively high-paying occupations such as protective service and precision production,
craft, and repair. Men were about 9 times as likely as women
to be employed in precision production, craft, and repair
occupations and nearly 4 times as likely to be in protective
service occupations. (See tables 2 and 3.)
• About 4 percent of women who were paid hourly rates
in 2002 reported hourly earnings at or below the prevailing
Federal minimum wage of $5.15. This compares with approximately 2 percent of men who were paid by the hour. (See
tables 12, 18, and chart 4. Also see the Technical Note for
information about workers with earnings below the Federal
minimum wage.)
• Women and men traditionally have worked in different
specific occupations within both the managerial and professional occupational categories, a pattern that continued in
2002. In the professional specialty occupations, for example,
women were less likely than men to be employed in some of
the highest-paying occupations, such as engineers and mathematical and computer scientists. Instead, women were more
likely to work in lower paying professional occupations, such
• As would be expected, 16- to 19-year-old women and
men who were hourly paid workers were the most likely to
have earnings at or below the minimum wage. Among both
women and men, 45- to 54-year-olds were the least likely to
earn the minimum wage or less. (See table 12.)
Census 2000 Population Controls
Beginning in 2000, data reflect the use of Census 2000-based population controls. Thus, data for 2000 forward
are not strictly comparable with data for previous years. Also, estimates for 2000 and 2001 were revised to
incorporate the new population controls, and may differ from previously published figures. For more information
about these and other recent survey changes, see “Revisions in the Current Population Survey Effective in
January 2003” in the February 2003 Employment and Earnings, or the Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
section of the February 2003 and subsequent issues of Employment and Earnings.
2
Chart 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002)
dollars by sex, 1979-2002 annual averages
Earnings
Ratio
1.0
$700
Men's earnings
.8
$600
.6
Ratio of women's to men's earnings
$500
.4
Women's earnings
.2
$400
0
1979
1985
1990
1995
2000
Chart 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin, 2002 annual averages
Earnings
Earnings
$702
$680
$700
Women
$700
Men
$600
$549
$530
$600
$474
$523
$500
$396
$449
$500
$400
$400
$300
$300
$200
$200
$100
$100
$0
$0
Total
White
Black
3
Hispanic origin
Chart 3. Percent change in median usual weekly earnings from 1979 to 2002 by educational
attainment and sex
No high school diploma
Women
Men
High school diploma only
Some college or associate degree
College graduate
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Percent change
NOTE: Data relate to earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and over. Changes are calculated from
constant-dollar annual averages.
Chart 4. Percent of women with earnings at or below the Federal minimum wage by age,
2002 annual averages
Percent
Percent
20
20
15
15
12.2
10
10
6.9
5
6.2
5
3.7
3.1
2.0
0
Total,
16 years
and older
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
35 to 44
years
25 to 34
years
NOTE: Data relate to female wage and salary workers paid hourly rates.
4
1.5
2.0
0
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
Technical Note
earnings below the median. Ten percent of a given distribution have earnings below the upper limit of the first decile (90
percent have higher earnings); 25 percent have earnings
below the upper limit of the first quartile (75 percent have
higher earnings); 75 percent have earnings below the upper
limit of the third quartile (25 percent have higher earnings);
and 90 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the
ninth decile (10 percent have higher earnings).
The BLS estimating procedure for determining the median of an earnings distribution places each reported or calculated weekly earnings value into a $50-wide interval that is
centered on a multiple of $50. The actual value of the median
is estimated through the linear interpolation of the interval in
which the median lies.
Over-the-year changes in the medians (and quantile
boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be consistent with the movements estimated for the overall quantile
boundary. The most common reasons for this possible
anomaly are:
(1) A change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For
example, the medians for both 16- to 24-year-olds and those
25 years and older may rise, but if the lower earning 16-to-24
age group accounts for a greatly increased share of the total,
the overall median could actually fall.
(2) A large change in the shape of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a quantile boundary. This
could be caused by survey observations that are clustered
at rounded values, for example, $250, $300, or $400. An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered interval containing such a
cluster, or “spike,” tends to change more slowly than one in
other intervals. For example, medians measure the central
tendency of a multipeaked distribution that shifts over time.
As the distribution shifts, the median does not necessarily
move at the same rate. Specifically, the median takes relatively more time to move through a frequently reported interval but, once above the upper limit of such an interval, it can
move relatively quickly to the next frequently reported earnings interval. BLS procedures for estimating medians (and
other quantile boundaries) mitigate such irregular movements
of the measures; however, users should be cautious of these
effects when evaluating short-term changes in the medians,
as well as in ratios of the medians.
The estimates in this report were obtained from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), which provides a wide range of
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment. The survey is conducted monthly for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau using a
national sample of about 60,000 households, with coverage
in all 50 States and the District of Columbia. The earnings
data are collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample.
Material in this report is in the public domain and, with
appropriate credit, may be used without permission. This
information is available to sensory impaired individuals upon
request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service:
1-800-877-8339.
Recent survey changes
The 2002 annual averages in this publication incorporate
new population controls that reflect the results of Census
2000. Data for 2000 and 2001 were revised to incorporate the
new population controls; therefore, estimates presented in
this report may differ from those previously published. Also,
because of these changes, data for 2000 forward are not
strictly comparable with data for earlier years. For more information about these and other recent changes to the survey, see “Revisions to the Current Population Survey Effective in January 2003” in the February 2003 issue of
Employment and Earnings.
Concepts and definitions
The principal concepts and definitions used in connection
with the earnings data in this report are described below.
Usual weekly earnings. Data are collected on wages and
salaries before taxes and other deductions, and include any
overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the
principal job in the case of multiple jobholders). Self-employed workers are excluded, regardless of whether their
businesses are incorporated. Prior to 1994, respondents were
asked how much they usually earned per week. Since January 1994, respondents have been asked to identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly,
twice monthly, monthly, annually, other) and how much they
usually earn in the reported period. Earnings reported on a
basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term “usual” is as perceived by the respondent. If
the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers
are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks
worked during the past 4 or 5 months.
Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index research series
using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current
dollars to constant dollars. BLS has made numerous improvements to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the past
quarter-century. While these improvements make the present
and future CPI more accurate, historical price index series are
not adjusted to reflect the improvements. Because many
researchers need a historical series that measures price
change consistently over the entire period, the CPI-U-RS
Medians (and quantiles) of weekly earnings. The median
(or upper limit of the second quartile) is the amount that
divides a given earnings distribution into two equal groups,
one having earnings above the median, and the other having
5
provides an estimate of the CPI that incorporates most of the
methodological improvements made since 1978 into the entire series. For further information, see “CPI research series
using current methods, 1978-98” by Kenneth J. Stewart and
Stephen B. Reed, Monthly Labor Review, June 1999, pp. 2938; and “Questions and Answers: Consumer Price Index Research Series Using Current Methods” on the Internet at
http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpirsdc.htm.
This report uses the most recent version of the CPI-U-RS
available at the time of production. Users should note, however, that the CPI-U-RS is subject to periodic revision. As a
result, the rate of inflation incorporated into the constantdollar earnings estimates in this report may differ from that
used in previous reports in this series or in other publications.
however, that the degree of understatement is small. BLS
does not routinely estimate hourly earnings for workers not
paid by the hour because of data quality concerns associated with such an estimation process.
The prevailing Federal minimum wage was: $2.90 effective January 1979; $3.10 effective January 1980; $3.35 effective January 1981; $3.80 effective April 1990; $4.25 effective
April 1991; $4.75 effective October 1996; and $5.15 effective
September 1997. Data for 1990-91 and 1996-97 in table 18
reflect changes in the minimum wage that took place during
those years.
The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the
minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violations of
the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exemptions to the
minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some workers might have rounded their hourly earnings to the nearest
dollar in response to survey questions. As a result, some
might have been reported with hourly earnings below the
minimum wage when, in fact, they earned the minimum wage
or higher. This may be more likely to occur in years during
which the minimum wage level is just above a whole dollar
value, as has been the case since September 1997 ($5.15).
Wage and salary workers. These are workers who receive
wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece
rates. The group includes employees in both the private and
public sectors but, for purposes of the earnings series, excludes all self-employed persons, regardless of whether their
businesses are incorporated.
Reliability
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and
nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than an entire
population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample
estimates may differ from the “true” population values they
represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies
depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses generally are conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. Estimates of
earnings and their standard errors can be used to construct
approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of values that
include the true population value with known probabilities.
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including
the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to
obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of
the data.
For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS
and information on estimating standard errors, see the “Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error” section of Employment and Earnings.
Full-time workers. Workers who usually work 35 hours or
more per week at their sole or principal job are defined as
working full time for estimates of earnings.
Part-time workers. Workers who usually work less than 35
hours per week at their sole or principal job are defined as
working part time for estimates of earnings.
Hourly paid workers. Workers who are paid an hourly wage
are a subset of wage and salary workers, representing approximately three-fifths of all wage and salary workers. Workers paid by the hour are, therefore, included in the full- and
part-time worker tables in this report, along with salaried
workers and other workers not paid by the hour. (Data for
workers paid at hourly rates are presented separately in tables
10 to 12 and 16 to 18.)
Workers paid at or below the Federal minimum wage. The
estimates of the numbers of workers with reported earnings
at or below the Federal minimum wage in tables 12 and 18
pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried
workers and other workers who are not paid by the hour are
not included, even though some have earnings that, when
converted to hourly rates, are at or below the minimum wage.
Consequently, the estimates presented in this report likely
understate the actual number of workers with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage. Research has shown,
6
Statistical tables
0
1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
9
2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex,
1983 and 2002 annual averages ..........................................................................................................................
10
3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
11
4. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex and State, 2002 annual averages ..
17
5. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
18
6. Median usual weekly earnings of employed (full- and part-time) wage and salary workers by hours usually
worked and sex, 2002 annual averages ...............................................................................................................
19
7. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by
selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages ..................................................................................................
20
8. Usual weekly earnings distribution of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
21
9. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex, marital status, and presence
and age of own children under 18 years old, 2002 annual averages ...................................................................
22
10. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates by selected characteristics,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
23
11. Hourly earnings distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates by selected characteristics,
2002 annual averages .........................................................................................................................................
24
12. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage
by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages .............................................................................................
25
13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars
by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages .......................................................................................................
26
14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars
by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages ...........................................................................
28
15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and over in constant (2002)
dollars by sex and educational attainment, 1979-2002 annual averages .............................................................
30
16. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars
by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages .......................................................................................................
32
17. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars
by sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages ...........................................................................
34
18. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum
wage by sex, 1979-2002 annual averages ............................................................................................................
36
7
[Page intentionally blank]
8
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
$609
381
305
399
647
590
669
707
673
502
$1
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
5
9
43,773
4,817
769
4,047
38,956
10,414
11,904
11,030
4,944
664
82,438
12,116
13,168
624
498
423
1
2
3
25,470
57,854
16,879
11,437
3,885
1,556
492
679
581
610
492
509
14,592
16,078
84,126
89,067
8,544
27,149
24,623
28,751
Men
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
$530
366
295
384
570
531
573
603
574
428
$2
2
3
2
2
3
3
3
5
12
56,431
6,320
1,122
5,198
50,111
14,387
15,741
13,099
5,983
901
$680
392
313
410
732
627
759
808
799
583
$2
2
3
2
2
3
3
5
8
12
78.1
93.6
94.2
93.7
77.8
84.7
75.4
74.6
71.9
73.4
34,936
6,323
4,870
549
474
396
2
3
3
47,502
5,792
8,298
702
523
449
2
4
5
78.2
90.7
88.2
2
2
3
3
5
8
10,873
23,037
9,863
6,673
1,980
1,210
476
575
523
571
443
486
3
2
3
5
7
8
14,598
34,817
7,016
4,764
1,905
347
504
768
648
691
553
630
2
3
6
7
14
24
94.5
74.9
80.8
82.6
80.2
77.1
740
734
587
3
3
1
5,703
6,447
37,326
667
662
510
5
4
1
8,889
9,631
46,800
780
776
652
4
4
2
85.5
85.4
78.2
647
388
536
629
941
2
2
3
2
3
38,956
2,879
11,760
11,582
12,736
570
323
459
545
809
2
2
2
3
4
50,111
5,665
15,389
13,042
16,015
732
421
616
732
1,089
2
2
2
3
8
77.8
76.8
74.5
74.4
74.3
Median
weekly
earnings
Median
weekly
earnings
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
AGE
Total, 16 years and over ................. 100,204
16 to 24 years .......................................
11,137
16 to 19 years ....................................
1,892
20 to 24 years ....................................
9,245
25 years and over .................................
89,067
25 to 34 years ....................................
24,801
35 to 44 years ....................................
27,645
45 to 54 years ....................................
24,129
55 to 64 years ....................................
10,926
65 years and over ..............................
1,565
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White ....................................................
Black .....................................................
Hispanic origin ......................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married .......................................
Married, spouse present .......................
Other marital status ..............................
Divorced ............................................
Separated ..........................................
Widowed ............................................
UNION AFFILIATION2
Members of unions3 .............................
Represented by unions4 .......................
Not represented by a union ..................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and over .......................
Less than a high school diploma ........
High school graduates, no college .....
Some college or associate degree .....
College graduates, total ......................
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
2 Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union
affiliation reflect a variety of factors in addition to coverage by a collective
bargaining agreement, including the distribution of male and female employees
by occupation, industry, firm size, or geographic region.
3 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar
to a union.
4 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar
to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are
covered by a union or an employee association contract.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups.
9
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, 1983 and 2002 annual averages
1983
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Percent
women
Total, 16 years and over .................
70,976
Managerial and professional specialty
Executive, administrative,
and managerial ..............................
Professional specialty .........................
Occupation
2002
Median weekly
earnings
Women’s
Number
earnings
of
as
workers
percent
(in
of men’s1 thousands)
Women
Men
40.4
$252
$379
66.6
100,204
17,451
40.9
358
516
69.2
8,117
9,334
34.2
46.8
340
368
530
506
21,641
2,574
6,313
62.5
44.5
39.0
247
299
205
12,755
77.7
Service occupations .............................
Private household ..............................
Protective service ..............................
Service, except private household
and protective ................................
7,321
278
1,453
Percent
women
Median weekly
earnings
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Women
Men
43.7
$530
$680
78.1
32,694
50.4
756
1,058
71.4
64.0
72.6
16,065
16,629
47.5
53.1
736
773
1,081
1,037
68.1
74.5
386
424
389
64.0
70.6
52.7
27,829
3,660
10,175
60.9
50.1
43.7
490
591
441
$699
841
742
70.0
70.3
59.5
249
362
68.7
13,994
76.3
488
583
83.7
49.2
96.0
9.5
173
116
251
256
(2)
356
67.8
(3)
70.4
11,542
338
2,300
51.9
92.5
17.7
343
276
501
445
(2)
689
77.0
(3)
72.6
5,590
57.1
176
218
81.0
8,904
59.2
339
379
89.5
Precision production, craft, and repair ..
9,963
7.9
256
387
66.1
11,806
8.0
479
645
74.2
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .....
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors ...............................
Transportation and material moving
occupations ...................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers .....................
13,319
26.2
205
308
66.5
14,645
21.5
385
511
75.3
6,990
40.8
202
320
63.3
5,841
33.6
386
520
74.3
3,358
4.7
253
335
75.5
4,651
7.9
449
591
76.1
2,970
16.0
211
252
83.9
4,153
19.6
359
411
87.4
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...............
1,280
11.2
169
201
84.2
1,687
16.0
308
376
81.9
Technical, sales, and
administrative support ....................
Technicians and related support ........
Sales occupations ..............................
Administrative support,
including clerical ............................
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
2 Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
3 Data not shown where base for either the numerator or denominator is
less than 50,000.
10
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Total, 16 years and over ............................. 100,204
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
$609
$1
43,773
$530
$2
56,431
$680
$2
78.1
Managerial and professional specialty ...........
Executive, administrative, and managerial ....
Administrators and officials, public
administration .........................................
Administrators, protective services ..............
Financial managers .....................................
Personnel and labor relations managers .....
Purchasing managers ..................................
Managers, marketing, advertising, and
public relations ........................................
Administrators, education and related fields
Managers, medicine and health ..................
Managers, food serving and lodging
establishments ........................................
Managers, properties and real estate ..........
Management-related occupations ...............
Accountants and auditors ..........................
Underwriters ..............................................
Other financial officers ...............................
Management analysts ...............................
Personnel, training, and labor relations
specialists ..............................................
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except
farm products ........................................
Construction inspectors .............................
Inspectors and compliance officers, except
construction ............................................
32,694
16,065
884
890
3
5
16,469
7,633
756
736
2
3
16,225
8,432
1,058
1,081
6
10
71.4
68.1
690
52
725
211
134
910
965
973
970
1,074
23
73
22
26
64
361
14
363
138
56
766
(2)
837
855
910
21
(2)
23
28
37
328
39
362
73
78
1,124
(2)
1,170
1,207
1,181
47
(2)
37
160
48
68.1
(3)
71.6
70.8
77.0
671
727
714
1,115
954
803
34
22
22
244
453
549
874
832
750
27
22
12
427
275
164
1,262
1,183
1,110
42
36
57
69.2
70.3
67.5
1,031
382
4,275
1,424
93
746
298
602
687
778
799
746
917
1,077
7
28
8
17
27
30
40
487
211
2,524
851
67
363
137
517
616
709
734
741
718
996
11
15
6
7
24
18
59
544
171
1,751
573
26
383
161
696
817
970
980
(2)
1,127
1,226
15
63
13
24
(2)
36
125
74.3
75.4
73.1
74.9
(3)
63.7
81.2
554
753
16
417
711
13
137
919
31
77.4
169
66
669
842
25
28
84
2
628
(2)
37
(2)
85
64
707
851
51
28
88.8
(3)
233
874
38
90
774
26
144
984
31
78.7
Professional specialty .....................................
Engineers, architects, and surveyors ...........
Architects ....................................................
Engineers ...................................................
Aerospace engineers ................................
Chemical engineers ..................................
Civil engineers ..........................................
Electrical and electronic engineers ...........
Industrial engineers ..................................
Mechanical engineers ...............................
Mathematical and computer scientists .........
Computer systems analysts and scientists
Operations and systems researchers and
analysts .................................................
Natural scientists ..........................................
Chemists, except biochemists ....................
Biological and life scientists ........................
Medical scientists .......................................
Health diagnosing occupations .....................
Physicians ..................................................
Health assessment and treating occupations
Registered nurses ......................................
Pharmacists ................................................
Dietitians .....................................................
Therapists ...................................................
Respiratory therapists ...............................
Occupational therapists ............................
Physical therapists ....................................
Speech therapists .....................................
Physicians’ assistants .................................
Teachers, college and university ..................
Teachers, except college and university ......
Teachers, prekindergarten and
kindergarten ...........................................
Teachers, elementary school .....................
Teachers, secondary school .......................
Teachers, special education .......................
Counselors, educational and vocational .......
16,629
2,046
140
1,889
83
78
230
636
233
291
1,808
1,525
879
1,151
1,004
1,161
1,365
1,313
1,055
1,222
1,032
1,163
1,096
1,125
4
9
94
9
39
52
43
27
36
30
19
17
8,836
235
27
206
8
10
28
67
38
19
549
405
773
968
(2)
1,011
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,133
(2)
(2)
945
962
4
37
2
( )
32
(2)
(2)
(2)
46
(2)
(2)
17
20
7,793
1,811
112
1,683
76
68
202
569
195
271
1,259
1,120
1,037
1,170
1,102
1,180
1,377
1,393
1,105
1,231
1,085
1,167
1,165
1,172
8
12
48
17
59
65
52
22
50
35
15
20
74.5
82.7
(3)
85.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
92.0
(3)
(3)
81.1
82.0
240
475
123
100
79
628
538
2,445
1,737
170
51
411
83
52
121
82
77
713
4,457
953
958
1,013
932
969
1,406
1,475
883
876
1,367
591
851
761
901
907
874
1,031
1,028
746
31
21
66
38
51
51
71
7
8
30
68
17
35
22
18
40
57
23
5
124
166
40
42
44
197
169
2,070
1,597
84
47
298
43
45
78
76
45
271
3,276
897
879
(2)
(2)
(2)
918
947
869
870
1,311
(2)
832
(2)
(2)
926
874
(2)
896
720
21
34
(2)
(2)
(2)
45
70
7
7
94
2
( )
21
(2)
(2)
35
37
(2)
22
6
116
310
83
58
35
431
370
375
140
86
4
113
40
6
43
6
32
442
1,181
1,056
1,025
1,136
926
(2)
1,549
1,626
959
957
1,473
(2)
879
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,140
828
47
50
22
64
(2)
34
104
23
43
66
(2)
13
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
26
12
85.0
85.7
(3)
(3)
(3)
59.3
58.3
90.6
91.0
89.0
(3)
94.7
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
78.6
87.0
449
2,039
1,135
327
228
455
764
797
758
821
15
7
13
14
28
440
1,677
639
277
166
451
750
767
751
786
13
6
9
14
36
10
362
496
50
62
(2)
836
842
810
874
(2)
17
19
59
47
(3)
89.7
91.1
92.7
89.9
See footnotes at end of table.
11
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages — Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Librarians, archivists, and curators ...............
Librarians ....................................................
Social scientists and urban planners ............
Economists .................................................
Psychologists ..............................................
Social, recreation, and religious workers ......
Social workers ............................................
Recreation workers .....................................
Clergy .........................................................
Lawyers and judges ......................................
Lawyers ......................................................
Writers, artists, entertainers, and athletes ....
Technical writers .........................................
Designers ...................................................
Actors and directors ....................................
Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and
artist printmakers ....................................
Photographers ............................................
Editors and reporters ..................................
Public relations specialists ..........................
179
157
312
103
168
1,307
753
84
342
635
605
1,395
56
468
96
758
746
805
847
764
654
651
437
716
1,488
1,492
738
903
753
840
29
33
25
66
24
10
11
19
23
53
54
9
22
16
88
138
124
187
61
111
723
553
58
41
215
205
645
31
229
39
748
743
738
779
719
615
632
432
(2)
1,206
1,237
657
(2)
635
(2)
25
26
20
34
38
8
11
23
(2)
82
72
12
(2)
20
(2)
41
33
126
42
57
584
200
26
301
420
400
750
25
240
57
(2)
(2)
996
(2)
966
728
741
(2)
727
1,615
1,610
809
(2)
855
881
(2)
(2)
47
(2)
65
18
32
(2)
23
54
55
19
(2)
28
233
(3)
(3)
74.0
(3)
74.4
84.4
85.3
(3)
(3)
74.7
76.8
81.2
(3)
74.2
(3)
100
64
221
161
668
614
755
754
57
32
18
23
44
14
94
108
(2)
(2)
697
731
(2)
(2)
25
20
56
50
126
52
819
702
813
866
124
43
33
47
(3)
(3)
85.8
84.4
Technical, sales, and administrative support ....
Technicians and related support ....................
Health technologists and technicians ...........
Clinical laboratory technologists and
technicians ...............................................
Radiologic technicians ................................
Licensed practical nurses ...........................
Engineering and related technologists and
technicians ...............................................
Electrical and electronic technicians ...........
Drafting occupations ...................................
Surveying and mapping technicians ...........
Science technicians ......................................
Biological technicians .................................
Chemical technicians ..................................
Technicians, except health, engineering,
and science ..............................................
Airplane pilots and navigators ....................
Computer programmers .............................
Legal assistants ..........................................
27,829
3,660
1,395
550
694
585
3
8
7
16,960
1,834
1,093
490
591
550
1
5
8
10,869
1,827
302
699
841
724
5
10
18
70.0
70.3
75.9
309
139
296
664
714
571
24
24
11
233
100
274
614
671
566
12
50
11
76
39
22
828
(2)
(2)
109
(2)
(2)
74.1
(3)
(3)
842
378
212
54
249
99
62
752
793
718
699
656
601
683
10
21
21
57
24
33
27
157
61
46
3
104
55
19
620
673
(2)
(2)
576
507
(2)
15
49
(2)
(2)
24
25
(2)
685
317
166
51
145
44
42
781
824
756
703
733
(2)
(2)
17
22
21
55
18
(2)
(2)
79.4
81.6
(3)
(3)
78.7
(3)
(3)
1,174
108
544
348
854
1,245
1,020
642
14
39
21
16
480
5
130
287
688
(2)
902
629
20
(2)
33
15
695
103
414
60
1,010
1,258
1,048
697
22
38
15
40
68.1
(3)
86.1
90.2
Sales occupations ..........................................
Supervisors and proprietors .........................
Sales representatives, finance and business
services ....................................................
Insurance sales ..........................................
Real estate sales ........................................
Securities and financial services sales .......
Advertising and related sales .....................
Sales occupations, other business services
Sales representatives, commodities, except
retail ..........................................................
Sales workers, retail and personal services
Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ...
Sales workers, apparel ...............................
Sales workers, furniture and home
furnishings ..............................................
Sales workers, radio, television, hi-fi, and
appliances ..............................................
Sales workers, hardware and building
supplies ..................................................
Sales workers, parts ...................................
Sales workers, other commodities ..............
Sales counter clerks ...................................
Cashiers .....................................................
Street and door-to-door sales workers .......
10,175
3,301
601
655
4
7
4,444
1,313
441
507
4
7
5,731
1,988
742
766
6
9
59.5
66.2
1,951
408
399
430
150
564
780
674
799
979
723
754
16
27
52
44
31
17
868
211
223
132
92
210
633
580
712
737
677
582
12
12
34
34
33
28
1,083
197
176
297
58
354
937
872
945
1,149
875
856
15
37
28
34
133
24
67.5
66.5
75.3
64.1
77.4
67.9
1,362
3,519
321
142
854
380
665
341
17
4
21
18
326
1,907
35
110
673
326
(2)
326
25
3
(2)
17
1,036
1,612
286
32
909
488
677
(2)
20
9
19
2
( )
74.0
66.8
(3)
(3)
130
509
30
53
469
63
77
555
56
84.5
225
561
35
65
435
34
160
622
32
69.8
211
135
706
91
1,387
107
498
487
387
350
311
481
14
36
8
17
3
29
37
12
422
50
1,036
64
(2)
(2)
518
507
466
(2)
324
(2)
15
38
21
(2)
8
(2)
(3)
(3)
75.7
(3)
95.0
(3)
Administrative support, including clerical ........
13,994
503
2
10,683
583
5
83.7
See footnotes at end of table.
12
(2)
(2)
353
315
307
458
7
14
3
46
174
123
284
40
351
43
488
2
3,312
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages — Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Supervisors ...................................................
General office .............................................
Financial records processing ......................
Distribution, scheduling, and
adjusting clerks .......................................
Computer equipment operators ....................
Computer operators ....................................
Secretaries, stenographers, and typists .......
Secretaries .................................................
Stenographers ............................................
Typists ........................................................
Information clerks .........................................
Interviewers ................................................
Hotel clerks .................................................
Transportation ticket and reservation
agents .....................................................
Receptionists ..............................................
Records processing, except financial ...........
Order clerks ................................................
Personnel clerks, except payroll and
timekeeping ............................................
Library clerks ..............................................
File clerks ...................................................
Records clerks ............................................
Financial records processing ........................
Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing
clerks .....................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks ...................
Billing clerks ................................................
Billing, posting, and calculating machine
operators .................................................
Communications equipment operators .........
Telephone operators ..................................
Mail and message distributing ......................
Postal clerks, except mail carriers ..............
Mail carriers, postal service ........................
Mail clerks, except postal service ...............
Messengers ................................................
Material recording, scheduling, and
distributing clerks .....................................
Dispatchers .................................................
Production coordinators ..............................
Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks ........
Stock and inventory clerks ..........................
Expediters ...................................................
Adjusters and investigators ..........................
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and
investigators ..........................................
Investigators and adjusters, except
insurance ...............................................
Eligibility clerks, social welfare ...................
Bill and account collectors ..........................
Miscellaneous administrative support
occupations ..............................................
General office clerks ...................................
Bank tellers .................................................
Data-entry keyers .......................................
Statistical clerks ..........................................
Teachers’ aides ..........................................
Service occupations .........................................
Private household ...........................................
Child care workers ........................................
Cleaners and servants ..................................
Protective service ...........................................
Supervisors ...................................................
Police and detectives ..................................
Guards ........................................................
Firefighting and fire prevention .....................
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
686
398
107
637
620
718
14
11
31
425
277
87
607
594
688
10
12
27
260
122
20
711
734
(2)
29
28
(2)
85.4
80.9
(3)
159
277
272
2,249
1,732
84
432
1,404
106
98
619
579
581
497
496
520
495
450
449
366
16
12
12
4
5
13
8
5
22
13
53
134
132
2,197
1,709
77
410
1,236
87
69
586
510
511
496
496
515
491
442
453
359
38
11
11
3
4
11
7
5
24
13
106
143
140
52
23
7
22
169
19
29
632
624
628
544
(2)
(2)
(2)
533
(2)
(2)
31
23
27
39
(2)
(2)
(2)
23
(2)
(2)
92.7
81.6
81.4
91.2
(3)
(3)
(3)
82.9
(3)
(3)
191
709
724
248
572
429
486
520
25
7
8
13
125
688
584
184
519
429
477
509
12
6
8
13
65
21
141
64
623
(2)
547
571
29
(2)
58
40
83.4
(3)
87.2
89.2
62
59
172
175
1,502
506
476
431
487
505
20
39
12
16
4
47
51
136
157
1,368
(2)
442
425
483
500
(2)
26
14
14
4
14
8
37
18
134
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
563
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
24
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
88.9
1,011
145
174
502
576
493
5
13
9
928
133
158
500
573
487
5
15
8
83
12
16
525
(2)
(2)
24
(2)
(2)
95.3
(3)
(3)
128
115
95
778
259
316
123
79
491
467
468
691
748
745
420
557
11
27
30
12
11
15
11
52
113
92
78
290
125
86
61
18
485
478
477
627
726
697
387
(2)
10
17
20
23
17
23
15
(2)
15
23
17
487
134
230
62
61
(2)
(2)
(2)
720
773
761
485
586
(2)
(2)
(2)
14
17
16
25
30
(3)
(3)
(3)
87.1
93.9
91.7
79.8
(3)
1,728
240
207
583
379
224
1,708
505
562
624
478
509
440
519
4
19
17
7
7
13
4
752
131
118
161
165
146
1,255
487
523
574
460
495
440
509
6
24
24
13
10
12
4
977
109
89
423
214
78
453
518
595
755
484
520
442
586
6
21
30
8
10
36
13
94.1
87.9
76.1
95.0
95.1
99.7
86.8
468
596
10
334
570
21
133
738
36
77.2
972
81
187
504
576
486
6
32
11
723
72
126
495
570
483
6
41
12
249
9
61
534
(2)
492
40
(2)
20
92.7
(3)
98.1
2,777
579
318
476
80
456
474
482
399
481
491
367
4
8
7
8
21
8
2,327
486
289
389
67
417
460
474
394
477
475
366
4
8
6
8
17
8
451
94
28
87
14
39
545
521
(2)
502
(2)
(2)
14
18
(2)
19
(2)
(2)
84.4
90.9
(3)
94.9
(3)
(3)
11,542
338
109
225
2,300
222
120
61
238
384
278
251
288
647
866
913
613
842
2
9
19
11
10
51
33
30
21
5,988
312
109
201
408
27
17
9
8
343
276
251
288
501
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2
9
17
10
9
(2)
2
( )
(2)
(2)
5,554
25
24
1,892
196
103
52
230
445
(2)
(2)
689
904
965
637
843
5
(2)
(2)
13
29
68
125
21
77.0
(3)
(3)
72.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
13
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages — Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Firefighting ..................................................
Police and detectives ....................................
Police and detectives, public service ..........
Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement
officers ...................................................
Correctional institution officers ...................
Guards ..........................................................
Guards and police, exc. public service .......
Service occupations, except private
household and protective ...........................
Food preparation and service occupations ...
Supervisors .................................................
Bartenders ..................................................
Waiters and waitresses ..............................
Cooks, except short order ..........................
Food counter, fountain and related
occupations ............................................
Kitchen workers, food preparation ..............
Waiters’ and waitresses’ assistants ............
Miscellaneous food preparation
occupations ............................................
Health service occupations ...........................
Dental assistants ........................................
Health aides, except nursing ......................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants ....
Cleaning and building service occupations ..
Supervisors .................................................
Maids and housemen .................................
Janitors and cleaners .................................
Pest control .................................................
Personal service occupations .......................
Supervisors .................................................
Hairdressers and cosmetologists ...............
Attendants, amusement and recreation
facilities ....................................................
Public transportation attendants .................
Welfare service aides .................................
Early childhood teachers’ assistants ..........
Precision production, craft, and repair ..............
Mechanics and repairers ................................
Supervisors ...................................................
Mechanics and repairers, except
supervisors ..............................................
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics
and repairers .........................................
Automobile mechanics .............................
Bus, truck, and stationary engine
mechanics ...........................................
Aircraft engine mechanics ........................
Automobile body and related repairers .....
Heavy equipment mechanics ...................
Industrial machinery repairers ....................
Electrical and electronic equipment
repairers .................................................
Electronic repairers, communications and
industrial equipment .............................
Data processing equipment repairers .......
Telephone installers and repairers ...........
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics .............................................
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairers ....
Millwrights .................................................
Construction trades ........................................
Supervisors ...................................................
Construction trades, except supervisors ......
Brickmasons and stonemasons ..................
Tile setters, hard and soft ...........................
Carpet installers ..........................................
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
225
1,072
598
847
726
786
22
10
17
6
187
91
(2)
593
721
(2)
17
29
219
885
507
846
744
805
21
9
20
(3)
79.7
89.6
155
319
767
722
680
602
460
469
33
13
11
11
28
67
187
167
(2)
505
414
430
(2)
21
18
14
127
251
581
555
691
642
480
485
41
35
11
11
(3)
78.6
86.2
88.7
8,904
3,370
261
171
624
1,395
355
325
375
382
322
333
2
3
11
13
5
4
5,268
1,630
143
84
441
486
339
309
349
367
311
303
2
2
13
15
5
4
3,637
1,740
118
87
183
908
379
349
409
397
357
355
3
4
17
18
14
5
89.5
88.6
85.5
92.6
87.2
85.4
106
166
318
260
320
314
7
8
7
67
112
152
254
316
302
8
10
8
39
54
167
(2)
326
325
(2)
26
13
(3)
96.9
93.0
329
1,992
134
255
1,603
2,249
170
469
1,548
55
1,293
61
366
305
374
460
370
369
372
451
317
383
421
375
564
377
5
3
22
8
4
4
16
4
4
17
6
37
10
146
1,755
131
191
1,434
894
54
366
471
989
31
325
304
372
461
367
367
324
383
311
336
356
2
( )
372
6
3
19
9
4
4
21
4
7
7
2
( )
10
184
237
3
64
170
1,356
116
103
1,077
55
305
30
41
306
385
(2)
380
386
407
494
350
404
420
441
(2)
(2)
7
12
(2)
24
14
5
36
13
5
17
20
(2)
(2)
99.3
96.6
(3)
96.6
95.1
79.6
77.5
88.7
83.2
80.7
3
( )
(3)
137
80
72
265
399
611
415
301
18
33
20
8
64
61
60
255
382
604
401
301
17
26
18
7
73
18
12
10
425
(2)
(2)
(2)
44
(2)
(2)
(2)
90.0
(3)
(3)
(3)
11,806
4,075
221
629
674
807
4
6
38
939
194
17
479
593
(2)
7
14
2
( )
10,867
3,881
204
645
677
817
4
6
44
74.2
87.6
(3)
3,854
666
7
177
585
87.2
1,504
653
633
581
11
11
23
11
(2)
(2)
308
121
172
165
427
670
796
628
710
685
19
27
27
29
14
3
4
4
1
13
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
780
752
13
101
666
169
235
229
656
722
825
61
26
34
9
41
42
(2)
(2)
(2)
287
843
61
4,534
554
3,980
175
66
76
659
627
880
605
778
585
580
551
412
27
11
25
4
20
5
32
59
15
1
39
4
94
16
78
(2)
(2)
(2)
553
(2)
501
(2)
2
( )
1
3
See footnotes at end of table.
14
16
3,677
670
7
(2)
(2)
1,480
642
637
583
11
11
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
306
117
168
164
414
673
804
637
712
691
19
27
29
29
14
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
54
679
766
16
(2)
(2)
(2)
86.9
159
195
187
669
736
866
52
25
39
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
103
(2)
23
(2)
2
( )
287
803
58
4,440
538
3,902
175
65
73
660
633
884
606
784
586
580
559
414
27
12
28
5
21
5
32
59
17
(3)
(3)
(3)
91.3
(3)
85.5
(3)
3
( )
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages — Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Carpenters ..................................................
Drywall installers .........................................
Electricians .................................................
Electrical power installers and repairers .....
Painters, construction and maintenance ....
Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, and
apprentices .............................................
Concrete and terrazzo finishers ..................
Insulation workers .......................................
Roofers .......................................................
Structural metalworkers ..............................
Extractive occupations ....................................
Precision production occupations ...................
Supervisors ...................................................
Precision metalworking occupations ............
Tool and die makers ...................................
Machinists ...................................................
Sheet-metal workers ...................................
Precision woodworking occupations .............
Precision textile, apparel, and furnishings
machine workers ......................................
Precision workers, assorted materials ..........
Optical goods workers ................................
Electrical and electronic equipment
assemblers ..............................................
Precision food production occupations .........
Butchers and meat cutters ..........................
Bakers ........................................................
Precision inspectors, testers, and related
workers .....................................................
Inspectors, testers, and graders .................
Plant and system operators ..........................
Water and sewage treatment plant
operators ...............................................
Stationary engineers ...................................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers .................
Machine operators, assemblers, and
inspectors ..................................................
Machine operators and tenders, except
precision ..................................................
Metalworking and plastic working machine
operators ...............................................
Punching and stamping press machine
operators .............................................
Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing
machine operators ................................
Metal and plastic processing machine
operators ...............................................
Molding and casting machine operators ...
Woodworking machine operators ...............
Sawing machine operators .......................
Printing machine operators .........................
Printing press operators ...........................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings machine
operators ...............................................
Textile sewing machine operators ............
Pressing machine operators .....................
Laundering and dry cleaning machine
operators ..............................................
Machine operators, assorted materials ......
Packaging and filling machine operators ..
Mixing and blending machine operators ...
Separating, filtering, and clarifying
machine operators ................................
Painting and paint spraying machine
operators ..............................................
Slicing and cutting machine operators ......
Photographic process machine operators
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
17
2
18
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,081
117
740
114
371
554
489
730
725
453
12
15
14
41
13
17
23
27
14
58
27
6
12
13
34
17
42
29
5
1
5
1
2
1
650
182
39
2
19
3
5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
445
538
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
8
15
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
455
92
48
137
63
103
2,442
802
719
94
421
111
60
698
509
(2)
503
771
828
663
744
670
770
657
580
486
17
23
(2)
14
67
31
8
14
13
33
17
52
25
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
67.1
72.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
412
483
507
12
12
18
51
210
35
406
425
(2)
13
13
(2)
62
177
19
420
555
(2)
21
25
(2)
96.7
76.5
(3)
220
346
203
105
451
428
447
400
14
12
15
15
140
115
44
48
423
365
(2)
(2)
15
20
(2)
(2)
79
231
159
57
499
474
481
436
22
16
24
75
84.7
77.2
(3)
(3)
150
147
288
684
677
755
24
26
24
33
33
15
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
117
114
273
709
702
763
23
23
27
(3)
(3)
(3)
79
128
658
777
26
46
4
4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
76
124
667
784
29
37
(3)
(3)
14,645
482
2
3,147
385
3
11,499
511
2
75.3
5,841
474
3
1,965
386
3
3,876
520
3
74.3
3,706
461
5
1,207
374
73.4
1,100
117
757
117
390
553
489
730
730
447
12
15
14
32
13
459
93
53
138
65
104
3,092
985
758
96
441
115
65
699
510
602
504
769
831
612
703
658
762
646
574
475
113
388
54
19
-
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
4
2,499
509
4
(2)
231
540
13
(3)
279
524
10
48
(2)
70
484
19
19
(2)
(2)
50
516
21
(3)
85
518
19
16
(2)
(2)
68
520
21
(3)
130
82
103
71
304
244
492
452
445
451
548
579
41
66
22
31
27
18
24
20
13
6
70
42
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
428
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
28
(2)
106
62
91
65
233
202
528
540
451
468
608
615
34
28
28
33
17
18
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
70.4
(3)
640
318
54
331
316
315
7
5
8
421
238
36
316
314
(2)
(2)
4
6
219
81
18
386
322
(2)
10
9
(2)
81.9
97.3
(3)
152
2,239
246
102
324
481
389
508
10
5
10
16
89
626
131
12
300
399
354
(2)
8
5
9
(2)
63
1,613
115
90
414
511
421
503
29
6
11
18
72.4
78.1
84.1
(3)
66
624
138
7
(2)
(2)
58
740
111
(3)
133
129
57
475
467
365
17
23
21
17
28
31
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
116
101
27
486
492
(2)
22
15
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex, 2002 annual averages — Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Fabricators, assemblers, and hand working
occupations ...........................................
Welders and cutters ..................................
Assemblers ...............................................
Production inspectors, testers, samplers,
and weighers ..........................................
Production inspectors, checkers, and
examiners .............................................
Production testers .....................................
Graders and sorters, except agricultural ..
Transportation and material moving
occupations ................................................
Motor vehicle operators ................................
Supervisors .................................................
Truck drivers ...............................................
Drivers-sales workers .................................
Bus drivers ..................................................
Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ..................
Transportation occupations, except motor
vehicles ....................................................
Rail transportation ......................................
Locomotive operating occupation .............
Material moving equipment operators ..........
Operating engineers ...................................
Crane and tower operators .........................
Excavating and loading machine operators
Industrial truck and tractor equipment
operators ................................................
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and
laborers ......................................................
Helpers, construction and extractive
occupations ..............................................
Helpers, construction trades .......................
Construction laborers ...................................
Freight, stock, and material handlers ...........
Stock handlers and baggers .......................
Machine feeders and offbearers .................
Garage and service station related
occupations .............................................
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ....
Hand packers and packagers .......................
Laborers, except construction ......................
Farming, forestry, and fishing ...........................
Farm operators and managers .......................
Farm managers ............................................
Other agricultural and related occupations .....
Farm occupations, except managerial ..........
Farm workers ..............................................
Related agricultural occupations ..................
Supervisors .................................................
Groundskeepers and gardeners, except
farm .......................................................
Animal caretakers, except farm ..................
Graders and sorters, agricultural
products ..................................................
Forestry and logging occupations ...................
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
Median
of
weekly
workers
earnings
(in
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
1,549
449
1,011
490
565
459
5
14
8
465
22
410
400
(2)
401
6
(2)
6
1,084
427
601
533
573
507
11
12
9
75.1
(3)
79.1
586
492
10
292
410
8
294
596
16
68.9
438
50
96
511
618
333
11
27
22
224
11
56
432
(2)
308
11
(2)
10
214
38
40
609
(2)
(2)
16
(2)
(2)
70.9
(3)
(3)
4,651
3,423
75
2,601
114
390
204
579
582
688
600
600
493
476
4
4
27
5
18
8
30
367
315
18
102
4
162
26
449
434
(2)
443
(2)
431
(2)
13
15
(2)
20
(2)
24
(2)
4,284
3,108
56
2,499
109
228
178
591
595
712
604
603
527
500
4
4
26
5
20
20
18
76.1
73.0
(3)
73.3
(3)
81.7
(3)
156
106
59
1,072
248
69
78
884
866
863
539
618
720
641
58
48
59
11
17
91
41
5
4
2
48
2
1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
151
103
57
1,024
246
69
77
902
872
881
544
616
718
645
76
67
141
11
17
87
40
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
547
491
6
39
(2)
(2)
509
491
7
(3)
4,153
400
3
814
-
359
5
3,339
411
3
87.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
373
374
435
403
345
(2)
14
14
15
6
10
2
( )
(3)
(3)
(3)
90.0
98.9
(3)
109
101
906
1,304
625
53
375
376
431
393
343
410
15
15
14
5
7
25
4
4
30
300
211
24
(2)
(2)
(2)
363
341
(2)
(2)
105
97
876
1,004
414
30
133
216
347
1,048
376
346
357
413
16
10
8
6
11
22
213
219
(2)
(2)
349
361
(2)
(2)
9
10
122
194
134
830
382
352
370
430
17
11
13
10
(3)
(3)
94.4
84.2
1,687
85
68
1,530
613
562
917
92
363
487
488
354
322
318
379
561
5
40
42
5
4
4
5
28
270
24
19
243
107
94
135
4
308
(2)
(2)
304
292
289
314
(2)
5
(2)
2
( )
5
7
7
7
(2)
1,417
61
49
1,287
505
468
781
88
376
571
(2)
368
333
327
390
568
5
68
2
( )
5
8
7
6
28
81.9
(3)
(3)
82.6
87.7
88.5
80.5
(3)
681
82
375
343
7
21
30
57
(2)
313
(2)
10
651
26
375
(2)
7
(2)
(3)
(3)
55
52
296
473
12
50
43
2
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
13
49
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
8
8
2 Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
3 Data not shown where base for either the numerator or denominator is
less than 50,000.
16
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex and State, 2002 annual averages
Both sexes
State
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
UNITED STATES ..................... 100,204
Median
weekly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
$609
$1
43,773
$530
$2
56,431
$680
$2
78.1
Alabama .......................................
Alaska ...........................................
Arizona .........................................
Arkansas .......................................
California ......................................
1,519
216
1,784
890
11,445
548
741
593
491
645
14
12
7
7
7
704
94
733
408
4,758
471
619
518
431
591
11
11
10
10
5
815
122
1,051
482
6,688
638
860
659
542
700
17
20
14
20
7
73.8
72.0
78.6
79.5
84.4
Colorado .......................................
Connecticut ...................................
Delaware ......................................
District of Columbia ......................
Florida ...........................................
1,638
1,220
313
236
5,683
640
738
648
715
551
13
13
11
17
8
664
551
145
119
2,507
582
647
582
672
487
10
12
10
15
5
974
669
168
117
3,175
700
842
728
759
608
14
18
17
22
6
83.1
76.9
79.9
88.5
80.2
Georgia .........................................
Hawaii ...........................................
Idaho .............................................
Illinois ............................................
Indiana ..........................................
3,208
401
427
4,515
2,317
590
610
537
631
596
7
10
12
7
8
1,423
191
174
2,015
1,004
513
536
469
555
497
8
19
10
9
9
1,785
210
253
2,500
1,313
632
700
602
726
693
14
18
11
10
16
81.2
76.6
78.0
76.4
71.8
Iowa ..............................................
Kansas ..........................................
Kentucky .......................................
Louisiana ......................................
Maine ............................................
1,074
964
1,366
1,401
453
577
579
555
534
593
9
9
12
13
9
474
427
620
631
203
502
514
485
454
509
8
9
8
12
8
600
537
747
770
250
644
643
627
620
667
16
18
15
12
17
78.0
80.0
77.3
73.2
76.3
Maryland .......................................
Massachusetts ..............................
Michigan .......................................
Minnesota .....................................
Mississippi ....................................
2,075
2,377
3,443
1,889
893
707
712
656
689
510
15
10
8
11
7
974
1,026
1,479
820
421
655
621
571
609
460
13
8
9
8
10
1,101
1,350
1,964
1,070
472
762
796
761
763
593
18
12
11
14
11
86.0
78.0
75.0
79.9
77.7
Missouri ........................................
Montana ........................................
Nebraska ......................................
Nevada .........................................
New Hampshire ............................
2,083
281
625
843
479
610
533
558
560
653
9
12
10
11
13
960
124
278
349
201
537
418
480
496
553
17
9
9
8
18
1,124
157
347
495
277
680
614
629
609
748
17
12
13
8
17
79.0
68.2
76.4
81.5
73.9
New Jersey ...................................
New Mexico ..................................
New York ......................................
North Carolina ..............................
North Dakota ................................
3,229
586
6,448
2,864
228
738
534
636
562
515
7
15
5
9
7
1,376
249
2,877
1,282
103
651
478
572
491
451
11
11
7
6
11
1,854
337
3,571
1,582
125
815
592
720
615
590
15
12
10
7
9
80.0
80.7
79.5
79.9
76.4
Ohio ..............................................
Oklahoma .....................................
Oregon ..........................................
Pennsylvania ................................
Rhode Island ................................
4,064
1,158
1,171
4,303
368
612
531
615
616
642
6
12
10
5
14
1,762
524
486
1,885
161
515
469
529
530
567
5
11
12
8
17
2,301
634
684
2,418
207
691
598
697
687
721
11
10
15
11
18
74.6
78.4
75.9
77.1
78.7
South Carolina ..............................
South Dakota ................................
Tennessee ....................................
Texas ............................................
Utah ..............................................
1,395
273
2,078
7,489
712
579
507
533
542
588
10
6
13
7
9
641
122
957
3,224
274
503
442
481
488
487
8
8
7
5
10
754
151
1,121
4,265
438
640
582
610
600
665
14
12
10
7
15
78.5
75.9
78.8
81.4
73.2
Vermont ........................................
Virginia ..........................................
Washington ...................................
West Virginia ................................
Wisconsin .....................................
Wyoming .......................................
222
2,749
2,026
580
2,028
177
588
654
675
524
612
581
10
10
13
10
7
8
101
1,250
836
247
863
76
513
598
582
439
515
454
9
10
13
13
7
11
120
1,499
1,190
333
1,165
101
643
734
763
594
703
686
18
13
19
13
14
12
79.8
81.5
76.3
73.9
73.4
66.2
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
NOTE: Data refer to persons 16 years and over.
17
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
21,573
8,083
4,323
3,760
13,490
3,404
3,589
2,904
2,031
1,562
$188
143
120
173
225
224
250
248
211
168
18,441
1,990
2,337
9,636
9,289
2,647
1,447
559
642
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
$1
1
1
2
1
2
3
3
3
3
14,750
4,560
2,356
2,204
10,190
2,517
2,976
2,422
1,436
838
$192
140
117
168
224
219
248
249
206
148
189
178
186
1
3
3
12,750
1,297
1,513
152
234
202
221
199
166
1
2
2
3
5
5
5,333
7,321
2,096
1,115
426
556
Standard
error
of
median
Men
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
$1
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
6,823
3,523
1,967
1,556
3,300
886
613
482
595
724
$178
146
124
182
228
241
258
243
223
190
$2
2
2
3
3
5
7
8
6
5
107.8
96.0
94.3
92.7
98.3
90.9
96.2
102.5
92.5
77.7
194
175
180
1
3
3
5,691
693
824
177
185
196
2
4
5
109.6
94.5
91.9
149
233
199
219
199
163
1
2
3
4
6
5
4,304
1,969
551
332
133
86
156
236
213
228
196
184
1
4
6
10
12
13
95.8
98.7
93.4
96.1
101.6
88.7
Standard
error
of
median
Standard
error
of
median
AGE
Total, 16 years and over .........
16 to 24 years ...............................
16 to 19 years ............................
20 to 24 years ............................
25 years and over .........................
25 to 34 years ............................
35 to 44 years ............................
45 to 54 years ............................
55 to 64 years ............................
65 years and over ......................
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White ............................................
Black .............................................
Hispanic origin ..............................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married ...............................
Married, spouse present ...............
Other marital status ......................
Divorced ....................................
Separated ..................................
Widowed ....................................
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum
to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
18
Table 6. Median usual weekly earnings of employed (full- and part-time) wage and salary workers by hours usually worked and sex, 2002 annual
averages
Both sexes
Hours of work
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Total, 16 years and over ........ 122,009
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
$524
$1
58,625
Median
weekly
earnings
Men
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
$445
$2
63,384
$621
$2
71.7
Median
weekly
earnings
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
1 to 34 hours .................................
1 to 4 hours .................................
5 to 9 hours .................................
10 to 14 hours .............................
15 to 19 hours .............................
20 to 24 hours .............................
25 to 29 hours .............................
30 to 34 hours .............................
19,174
480
1,089
1,770
2,507
5,829
2,513
4,986
192
49
65
97
127
178
222
288
1
3
1
1
2
2
2
2
13,232
348
751
1,220
1,712
3,968
1,772
3,462
197
45
66
99
134
187
223
296
1
3
1
1
2
2
2
3
5,942
133
338
550
795
1,862
741
1,523
181
60
63
92
118
166
221
272
2
7
2
2
1
1
3
3
108.9
76.0
105.2
107.2
113.4
112.6
101.1
108.9
35 hours and over .........................
35 to 39 hours .............................
40 hours ......................................
41 hours and over .......................
41 to 44 hours ...........................
45 to 48 hours ...........................
49 to 59 hours ...........................
60 hours and over .....................
94,797
7,089
66,789
20,919
1,409
5,985
9,148
4,376
610
418
566
901
673
791
965
1,025
1
3
2
4
11
8
6
13
41,740
4,900
30,626
6,213
573
2,070
2,593
978
536
420
512
783
622
718
877
897
2
4
1
6
9
8
10
17
53,057
2,189
36,163
14,705
836
3,915
6,555
3,398
682
414
608
952
733
846
1,004
1,082
2
7
2
5
12
8
8
19
78.7
101.6
84.2
82.3
84.9
84.8
87.4
82.9
Hours vary ....................................
Usually less than 35 hours .........
Usually 35 hours or more ...........
8,038
2,399
5,407
387
157
564
4
2
9
3,654
1,518
2,033
273
153
408
4
3
6
4,385
881
3,374
527
163
646
8
4
9
51.8
94.0
63.1
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time workers.
Detail for the above "hours vary" groups will not sum to totals because data
are not presented for a small number of multiple jobholders whose usual
number of hours on the principal job is not identifiable.
19
Table 7. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected
characteristics, 2002 annual averages
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Upper limit of:
First
decile
First
quartile
Second
quartile
(median)
Third
quartile
Ninth
decile
$296
278
315
$404
371
445
$609
530
680
$923
777
1,029
$1,376
1,122
1,545
SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 100,204
Women ...................................................................................
43,773
Men .........................................................................................
56,431
White ........................................................................................
Women ...................................................................................
Men .........................................................................................
82,438
34,936
47,502
301
282
321
415
380
462
624
549
702
948
794
1,062
1,417
1,140
1,571
Black .........................................................................................
Women ...................................................................................
Men .........................................................................................
12,116
6,323
5,792
272
255
287
349
329
378
498
474
523
730
677
767
1,013
959
1,093
Hispanic origin ..........................................................................
Women ...................................................................................
Men .........................................................................................
13,168
4,870
8,298
251
232
269
312
292
325
423
396
449
632
587
670
930
826
992
Total, 25 years and over ...........................................................
Less than a high school diploma ............................................
High school graduates, no college .........................................
Some college or associate degree .........................................
College graduates, total ..........................................................
89,067
8,544
27,149
24,623
28,751
312
240
294
332
475
434
298
390
450
658
647
388
536
629
941
967
525
758
889
1,387
1,437
730
1,023
1,214
1,913
Women, 25 years and over ......................................................
Less than a high school diploma ............................................
High school graduates, no college .........................................
Some college or associate degree .........................................
College graduates, total ..........................................................
38,956
2,879
11,760
11,582
12,736
289
209
270
304
433
390
266
342
400
599
570
323
459
545
809
817
415
616
746
1,128
1,157
542
819
994
1,546
Men, 25 years and over ............................................................
Less than a high school diploma ............................................
High school graduates, no college .........................................
Some college or associate degree .........................................
College graduates, total ..........................................................
50,111
5,665
15,389
13,042
16,015
343
264
326
378
514
490
321
443
517
741
732
421
616
732
1,089
1,098
591
864
999
1,574
1,605
795
1,160
1,366
2,279
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers
earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn
less than the upper limit of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less
than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent
earn less than the upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent
earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile. Detail for the
above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals
because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups.
20
Table 8. Usual weekly earnings distribution of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages
(In thousands)
Usual weekly earnings distribution
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$150.00
$150.00
to
$249.99
$250.00
to
$349.99
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1000.00
to
$1499.99
$1500.00
or
more
1,008
252
105
147
756
171
229
169
118
69
3,738
1,141
370
771
2,597
792
754
601
318
131
11,859
3,162
739
2,423
8,697
2,804
2,583
2,024
1,035
251
20,445
3,589
507
3,081
16,856
5,616
4,971
4,073
1,874
321
25,419
2,184
139
2,045
23,235
7,261
7,055
5,916
2,697
307
16,050
531
26
506
15,518
4,019
4,909
4,516
1,883
191
13,561
223
3
220
13,337
2,907
4,342
4,169
1,764
155
8,126
55
2
52
8,071
1,231
2,802
2,661
1,237
140
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over ............................. 100,204
16 to 24 years .......................................................
11,137
16 to 19 years ....................................................
1,892
20 to 24 years ....................................................
9,245
25 years and over .................................................
89,067
25 to 34 years ....................................................
24,801
35 to 44 years ....................................................
27,645
45 to 54 years ....................................................
24,129
55 to 64 years ....................................................
10,926
65 years and over ..............................................
1,565
Women, 16 years and over ........................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years ....................................................
20 to 24 years ....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years ....................................................
35 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 54 years ....................................................
55 to 64 years ....................................................
65 years and over ..............................................
43,773
4,817
769
4,047
38,956
10,414
11,904
11,030
4,944
664
605
148
58
90
457
100
135
112
71
38
2,257
576
170
406
1,681
476
530
407
203
65
6,359
1,431
308
1,123
4,928
1,411
1,543
1,244
607
123
10,521
1,535
185
1,349
8,986
2,639
2,704
2,360
1,120
163
11,619
878
39
839
10,741
3,137
3,168
2,948
1,351
137
6,254
184
9
175
6,071
1,491
1,856
1,873
775
76
4,331
56
1
55
4,275
839
1,348
1,476
562
50
1,826
10
–
10
1,816
321
619
610
254
13
Men, 16 years and over ..............................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years ....................................................
20 to 24 years ....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years ....................................................
35 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 54 years ....................................................
55 to 64 years ....................................................
65 years and over ..............................................
56,431
6,320
1,122
5,198
50,111
14,387
15,741
13,099
5,983
901
402
103
47
56
299
72
93
56
47
31
1,480
565
200
365
915
316
224
194
115
67
5,500
1,731
431
1,300
3,769
1,393
1,040
780
429
127
9,924
2,054
322
1,732
7,870
2,977
2,268
1,713
754
158
13,800
1,306
100
1,206
12,494
4,124
3,887
2,968
1,346
170
9,795
348
17
331
9,448
2,528
3,053
2,644
1,108
115
9,229
167
3
165
9,062
2,068
2,994
2,693
1,202
105
6,300
45
2
43
6,254
910
2,183
2,052
983
127
White, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
82,438
34,936
47,502
781
455
327
2,814
1,667
1,146
9,156
4,831
4,325
16,094
8,167
7,927
21,041
9,492
11,549
13,608
5,174
8,434
11,768
3,579
8,190
7,175
1,572
5,603
Black, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
12,116
6,323
5,792
176
115
61
725
471
254
1,999
1,154
845
3,194
1,733
1,461
3,083
1,527
1,556
1,602
742
860
966
445
522
370
137
233
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .............
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
13,168
4,870
8,298
192
110
82
972
532
441
3,063
1,255
1,808
3,697
1,304
2,392
2,913
995
1,918
1,193
393
800
799
209
590
339
73
266
RACE, SEX, AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to
totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and
Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
21
Table 9. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex, marital status, and
presence and age of own children under 18 years old, 2002 annual averages
Standard
error
of
median
Number of
workers
(in thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Total, all marital statuses ............................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
43,773
16,846
10,699
6,147
26,927
$530
515
524
498
545
$2
2
3
3
3
Total, married, spouse present ...................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
23,037
11,281
7,063
4,217
11,756
575
556
558
552
586
2
4
5
6
3
Total, other marital statuses1 .....................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
20,736
5,565
3,635
1,930
15,171
498
461
492
406
512
2
4
4
4
2
Total, all marital statuses ............................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
56,431
21,879
11,827
10,051
34,552
680
755
783
723
627
2
3
5
5
3
Total, married, spouse present ...................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
34,817
20,259
10,860
9,399
14,559
768
768
796
740
768
3
3
5
5
4
Total, other marital statuses1 .....................................
With children under 18 years old ............................
With children 6 to 17, none younger ....................
With children under 6 years old ...........................
With no children under 18 years old .......................
21,614
1,620
967
653
19,994
545
601
678
512
539
4
8
14
9
4
Characteristic
WOMEN
MEN
1 Includes never-married, divorced, separated,
and widowed persons.
NOTE: Children refer to "own" children and
include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted
children. Excluded are other related children such as
grandchildren, nieces, nephews, and cousins, and
unrelated children.
22
Table 10. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
72,720
16,191
5,808
10,383
56,529
16,357
17,151
14,190
6,883
1,948
$10.46
7.80
6.90
8.46
11.83
10.96
12.19
12.48
11.84
9.05
$0.04
.02
.02
.04
.02
.04
.04
.09
.07
.08
59,199
9,692
11,206
10.71
9.92
9.20
24,983
35,558
12,179
7,768
2,953
1,458
Men
Women’s
earnings
as
percent
of men’s1
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
36,585
7,949
2,958
4,991
28,636
7,644
8,723
7,535
3,693
1,041
$9.89
7.43
6.79
8.10
10.71
10.12
10.99
11.19
10.81
8.69
$0.01
.03
.02
.03
.03
.03
.04
.05
.07
.14
36,135
8,242
2,850
5,392
27,893
8,712
8,428
6,655
3,190
907
$11.63
8.05
7.02
8.87
13.04
11.87
13.96
14.42
13.37
9.80
$0.06
.02
.02
.04
.04
.04
.07
.17
.23
.11
85.0
92.3
96.8
91.4
82.1
85.2
78.8
77.6
80.8
88.7
.03
.03
.06
29,370
5,224
4,582
9.94
9.41
8.53
.02
.08
.09
29,829
4,469
6,624
11.86
10.23
9.90
.03
.07
.04
83.8
92.0
86.2
8.74
12.08
10.85
11.56
9.87
9.80
.03
.02
.05
.10
.06
.10
11,590
17,451
7,544
4,713
1,626
1,204
8.16
10.86
10.12
10.74
9.18
9.25
.02
.03
.03
.07
.07
.15
13,393
18,107
4,635
3,054
1,327
254
9.14
13.77
12.18
13.06
10.62
11.62
.03
.07
.08
.10
.28
.60
89.3
78.8
83.1
82.2
86.4
79.5
10,294
11,186
61,534
15.02
14.92
10.02
.05
.05
.01
3,688
4,120
32,465
12.84
12.81
9.61
.08
.08
.03
6,606
7,066
29,069
16.51
16.20
10.60
.17
.12
.06
77.8
79.1
90.7
56,529
7,956
22,414
17,466
8,692
11.83
9.03
11.27
12.58
15.79
.02
.04
.05
.07
.15
28,636
3,170
10,959
9,503
5,004
10.71
7.90
10.02
11.47
15.17
.03
.03
.02
.08
.13
27,893
4,786
11,455
7,963
3,689
13.04
9.98
13.10
14.38
16.29
.04
.03
.05
.13
.30
82.1
79.1
76.5
79.8
93.2
AGE
Total, 16 years and over .............
16 to 24 years .......................................
16 to 19 years ....................................
20 to 24 years ....................................
25 years and over .................................
25 to 34 years ....................................
35 to 44 years ....................................
45 to 54 years ....................................
55 to 64 years ....................................
65 years and over ..............................
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
White ....................................................
Black .....................................................
Hispanic origin ......................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married .......................................
Married, spouse present .......................
Other marital status ..............................
Divorced ............................................
Separated ..........................................
Widowed ............................................
UNION AFFILIATION2
Members of unions3 .............................
Represented by unions4 .......................
Not represented by a union ..................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and over .......................
Less than a high school diploma ........
High school graduates, no college .....
Some college or associate degree .....
College graduates, total ......................
1 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
2 Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union
affiliation reflect a variety of factors in addition to coverage by a collective
bargaining agreement, including the distribution of male and female employees
by occupation, industry, firm size, or geographic region.
3 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar
to a union.
4 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar
to a union as well as workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are
covered by a union or an employee association contract.
NOTE: Hourly-paid workers account for approximately three-fifths of all
wage and salary workers. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups
will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
23
Table 11. Hourly earnings distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates by selected characteristics, 2002 annual averages
(In thousands)
Hourly earnings distribution
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$4.00
$4.00
to
$4.99
$5.00
to
$5.99
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$15.99
$16.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over .............................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years .....................................................
20 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years .....................................................
35 to 44 years .....................................................
45 to 54 years .....................................................
55 to 64 years .....................................................
65 years and over ...............................................
72,720
16,191
5,808
10,383
56,529
16,357
17,151
14,190
6,883
1,948
934
491
181
310
443
181
124
81
37
21
189
80
37
42
109
34
31
17
15
12
2,926
1,657
1,072
585
1,269
406
357
224
149
133
13,307
5,895
2,854
3,042
7,412
2,396
2,002
1,593
920
500
13,309
3,901
1,097
2,804
9,408
3,038
2,620
2,147
1,179
424
11,727
2,211
391
1,821
9,516
3,103
2,711
2,239
1,127
337
14,398
1,467
145
1,321
12,932
3,797
4,043
3,256
1,549
287
6,755
286
14
272
6,469
1,662
2,183
1,810
733
81
9,174
203
18
185
8,971
1,738
3,081
2,823
1,175
153
Women, 16 years and over ........................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years .....................................................
20 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years .....................................................
35 to 44 years .....................................................
45 to 54 years .....................................................
55 to 64 years .....................................................
65 years and over ...............................................
36,585
7,949
2,958
4,991
28,636
7,644
8,723
7,535
3,693
1,041
658
339
141
198
319
121
94
54
31
19
102
41
15
26
61
20
19
13
6
3
1,806
959
587
371
848
271
242
157
94
85
7,897
3,108
1,502
1,606
4,790
1,432
1,378
1,101
589
289
7,424
1,835
510
1,325
5,589
1,578
1,629
1,391
749
242
6,091
944
159
785
5,147
1,458
1,501
1,349
661
178
6,689
584
37
546
6,106
1,570
1,897
1,680
825
135
2,482
77
5
72
2,406
574
797
692
305
37
3,434
63
2
62
3,371
620
1,166
1,098
433
53
Men, 16 years and over ..............................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years .....................................................
20 to 24 years .....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years .....................................................
35 to 44 years .....................................................
45 to 54 years .....................................................
55 to 64 years .....................................................
65 years and over ...............................................
36,135
8,242
2,850
5,392
27,893
8,712
8,428
6,655
3,190
907
276
152
39
112
124
60
30
27
6
2
87
39
22
16
48
14
12
4
9
9
1,120
698
484
214
421
136
115
67
55
48
5,410
2,788
1,352
1,436
2,622
964
624
492
331
211
5,885
2,066
587
1,479
3,819
1,459
990
756
431
183
5,636
1,267
232
1,036
4,369
1,645
1,210
889
466
159
7,709
883
108
775
6,826
2,228
2,146
1,576
724
152
4,273
210
9
200
4,063
1,088
1,387
1,118
427
44
5,740
140
16
123
5,600
1,118
1,915
1,725
742
99
White, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
59,199
29,370
29,829
808
574
234
151
85
65
2,283
1,411
871
10,605
6,228
4,377
10,465
5,851
4,615
9,472
4,891
4,580
11,760
5,411
6,349
5,794
2,084
3,710
7,862
2,835
5,027
Black, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
9,692
5,224
4,469
75
51
23
30
10
20
510
326
184
1,946
1,219
726
2,106
1,181
924
1,652
875
777
1,913
927
986
668
268
400
794
366
427
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .............
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
11,206
4,582
6,624
86
45
40
24
10
14
527
323
205
2,881
1,431
1,449
2,544
1,083
1,461
1,915
717
1,198
1,826
640
1,186
677
162
516
725
171
554
RACE, SEX, AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
NOTE: Hourly-paid workers account for approximately three-fifths of all
wage and salary workers. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin
groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are
not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black
population groups.
24
Table 12. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by selected
characteristics, 2002 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
hourly-paid
workers
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over .............................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years ....................................................
20 to 24 years ....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years ....................................................
35 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 54 years ....................................................
55 to 64 years ....................................................
65 years and over ..............................................
72,720
16,191
5,808
10,383
56,529
16,357
17,151
14,190
6,883
1,948
1,598
818
379
439
780
294
205
136
81
65
570
340
226
114
230
81
59
31
25
34
2,168
1,158
604
553
1,010
375
264
167
106
99
3.0
7.1
10.4
5.3
1.8
2.3
1.5
1.2
1.5
5.1
Women, 16 years and over ........................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years ....................................................
20 to 24 years ....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years ....................................................
35 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 54 years ....................................................
55 to 64 years ....................................................
65 years and over ..............................................
36,585
7,949
2,958
4,991
28,636
7,644
8,723
7,535
3,693
1,041
1,016
511
233
278
505
183
134
91
54
43
352
194
128
65
158
55
43
18
20
22
1,368
705
361
343
663
238
177
110
74
64
3.7
8.9
12.2
6.9
2.3
3.1
2.0
1.5
2.0
6.2
Men, 16 years and over ..............................
16 to 24 years .......................................................
16 to 19 years ....................................................
20 to 24 years ....................................................
25 years and over .................................................
25 to 34 years ....................................................
35 to 44 years ....................................................
45 to 54 years ....................................................
55 to 64 years ....................................................
65 years and over ..............................................
36,135
8,242
2,850
5,392
27,893
8,712
8,428
6,655
3,190
907
582
307
146
161
275
110
71
44
27
23
218
146
97
49
72
26
16
13
5
12
800
453
243
210
347
136
87
57
32
35
2.2
5.5
8.5
3.9
1.2
1.6
1.0
.9
1.0
3.8
White, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
59,199
29,370
29,829
1,329
865
464
452
290
162
1,781
1,155
625
3.0
3.9
2.1
Black, 16 years and over ............................
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
9,692
5,224
4,469
187
102
85
89
45
44
276
147
129
2.8
2.8
2.9
Hispanic origin, 16 years and over .............
Women .................................................................
Men .......................................................................
11,206
4,582
6,624
195
98
97
110
64
47
305
162
143
2.7
3.5
2.2
Full-time workers ..................................................
Women ...............................................................
Men .....................................................................
55,029
24,557
30,472
682
396
285
169
87
82
851
483
367
1.5
2.0
1.2
Part-time workers .................................................
Women ...............................................................
Men .....................................................................
17,568
11,969
5,599
908
614
294
401
265
136
1,308
879
430
7.4
7.3
7.7
RACE, SEX, AND HISPANIC ORIGIN
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS
AND SEX1
1 The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on
hours usually worked. These data will not sum to totals because full- or
part-time status on the principal job is not identifiable for a small number
of multiple jobholders.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not
sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented
and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population
groups. See Technical Note for more information about minimum wage
workers.
25
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Total, 16
years and
over
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and over
1979 ..........................................
$553
$395
$330
$427
$608
$586
$643
$634
$600
$454
1980 ..........................................
1981 ..........................................
1982 ..........................................
1983 ..........................................
1984 ..........................................
1985 ..........................................
19861 ........................................
1987 ..........................................
1988 ..........................................
1989 ..........................................
541
536
539
536
537
548
562
566
563
559
387
379
371
361
358
357
363
367
364
363
318
305
293
280
278
277
279
281
286
285
414
403
393
381
380
383
388
391
388
387
592
583
583
588
596
604
612
610
605
599
570
560
555
550
553
557
564
565
559
552
624
615
631
633
641
647
656
658
657
661
615
605
616
628
634
639
650
649
661
661
589
584
580
593
602
607
621
613
612
604
420
420
451
446
448
473
467
469
472
467
19901 ........................................
1991 ..........................................
1992 ..........................................
1993 ..........................................
19941 ........................................
1995 ..........................................
1996 ..........................................
19971 ........................................
19981 ........................................
19991 ........................................
549
548
553
562
561
561
560
562
576
592
358
357
347
345
344
342
340
342
352
368
279
274
267
262
265
270
274
281
295
304
380
375
364
364
360
358
356
359
373
391
598
601
601
602
600
598
594
603
630
638
542
534
530
535
527
528
529
538
553
558
649
641
632
634
644
645
638
647
657
659
651
652
656
664
680
682
678
678
683
703
609
603
607
603
601
603
611
624
652
652
458
490
475
481
461
456
438
440
446
436
20001 ........................................
2001 ..........................................
2002 ..........................................
600
605
609
374
380
381
306
308
305
397
399
399
636
639
647
570
586
590
656
666
669
700
703
707
644
649
673
461
489
502
1979 ..........................................
418
353
302
370
447
456
449
441
433
391
1980 ..........................................
1981 ..........................................
1982 ..........................................
1983 ..........................................
1984 ..........................................
1985 ..........................................
19861 ........................................
1987 ..........................................
1988 ..........................................
1989 ..........................................
415
414
426
432
437
443
455
459
460
459
345
341
342
338
335
336
342
343
344
345
300
291
281
271
267
265
266
260
269
276
361
362
359
355
352
353
362
366
367
365
440
441
454
458
466
472
483
486
489
491
451
452
460
465
469
472
479
478
477
476
443
450
460
466
480
490
500
510
516
518
431
426
449
452
459
465
483
490
495
500
423
420
436
441
445
454
463
466
463
466
361
357
377
363
360
387
400
395
408
409
19901 ........................................
1991 ..........................................
1992 ..........................................
1993 ..........................................
19941 ........................................
1995 ..........................................
1996 ..........................................
19971 ........................................
19981 ........................................
19991 ........................................
462
472
477
482
479
476
477
482
503
511
338
343
335
335
331
323
324
326
336
349
264
263
257
251
254
252
255
268
274
287
358
361
352
355
348
341
341
342
351
370
492
498
502
509
506
502
507
516
534
536
475
477
480
484
477
473
474
477
497
507
520
524
525
533
537
532
528
538
548
543
503
512
524
539
540
544
549
553
568
576
464
467
472
484
478
473
480
484
525
531
400
411
412
410
404
413
382
389
385
399
20001 ........................................
2001 ..........................................
2002 ..........................................
513
520
530
357
359
366
291
290
295
379
381
384
537
551
570
514
521
531
542
554
573
589
597
603
528
548
574
395
390
428
Year and sex
BOTH SEXES
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages —
Continued
Year and sex
Total, 16
years and
over
16 to 24 years
Total
25 years and over
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and over
MEN
1979 ..........................................
$669
$450
$355
$484
$720
$677
$770
$774
$717
$502
1980 ..........................................
1981 ..........................................
1982 ..........................................
1983 ..........................................
1984 ..........................................
1985 ..........................................
19861 ........................................
1987 ..........................................
1988 ..........................................
1989 ..........................................
646
642
650
648
645
649
656
656
656
655
431
413
401
382
381
384
385
389
382
380
335
317
303
287
287
292
291
296
299
293
462
449
435
414
412
412
413
416
407
406
701
702
701
696
696
706
724
722
712
700
650
642
638
635
630
628
629
623
614
607
759
751
752
757
776
776
780
772
755
760
757
749
746
760
774
780
791
786
801
797
712
713
711
713
724
745
758
749
742
729
472
504
535
528
540
586
561
575
576
551
19901 ........................................
1991 ..........................................
1992 ..........................................
1993 ..........................................
19941 ........................................
1995 ..........................................
1996 ..........................................
19971 ........................................
19981 ........................................
19991 ........................................
642
635
629
626
627
631
636
646
659
667
375
367
356
353
353
355
351
354
367
384
290
282
274
270
274
286
286
293
310
314
397
386
373
371
368
370
367
378
393
409
683
673
673
680
692
690
684
687
704
720
599
590
586
583
575
574
570
576
599
623
747
741
730
730
741
732
722
727
746
757
788
788
796
801
805
803
797
796
806
823
727
725
727
718
724
730
733
747
770
783
537
601
528
553
529
517
545
505
531
507
20001 ........................................
2001 ..........................................
2002 ..........................................
671
680
680
389
395
392
316
323
313
410
413
410
727
730
732
625
628
627
761
765
759
809
812
808
770
774
799
564
573
583
1979 ..........................................
62.5
78.5
85.2
76.5
62.1
67.4
58.3
56.9
60.5
77.8
1980 ..........................................
1981 ..........................................
1982 ..........................................
1983 ..........................................
1984 ..........................................
1985 ..........................................
19861 ........................................
1987 ..........................................
1988 ..........................................
1989 ..........................................
64.3
64.5
65.5
66.6
67.6
68.2
69.3
69.9
70.1
70.1
80.1
82.6
85.3
88.6
87.9
87.5
88.9
88.1
90.0
90.7
89.5
91.8
92.8
94.1
92.7
90.8
91.5
87.8
89.8
94.0
78.0
80.7
82.5
85.9
85.3
85.5
87.7
88.0
90.1
89.8
62.7
62.7
64.7
65.8
67.0
66.9
66.7
67.3
68.7
70.2
69.4
70.4
72.1
73.3
74.5
75.1
76.2
76.8
77.7
78.4
58.4
59.9
61.2
61.5
61.9
63.1
64.0
66.1
68.4
68.1
56.9
56.8
60.1
59.5
59.4
59.7
61.0
62.3
61.8
62.7
59.4
58.9
61.3
61.8
61.4
60.9
61.0
62.2
62.4
63.9
76.5
70.9
70.4
68.7
66.8
66.0
71.4
68.7
70.8
74.2
19901 ........................................
1991 ..........................................
1992 ..........................................
1993 ..........................................
19941 ........................................
1995 ..........................................
1996 ..........................................
19971 ........................................
19981 ........................................
19991 ........................................
71.9
74.3
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.4
75.0
74.5
76.3
76.5
90.1
93.3
94.0
94.8
93.7
90.8
92.4
92.1
91.3
91.0
91.0
93.5
93.8
93.0
92.7
87.9
88.9
91.4
88.5
91.3
90.2
93.5
94.2
95.6
94.5
92.2
92.8
90.6
89.4
90.5
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.7
73.1
72.7
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
79.2
80.9
82.0
82.9
82.9
82.4
83.2
82.9
83.0
81.5
69.7
70.8
71.9
73.0
72.5
72.7
73.2
74.0
73.5
71.7
63.8
64.9
65.8
67.3
67.1
67.8
68.9
69.4
70.5
70.1
63.7
64.4
64.9
67.4
66.1
64.8
65.4
64.7
68.2
67.8
74.5
68.4
78.1
74.1
76.3
79.9
70.0
77.1
72.6
78.7
20001 ........................................
2001 ..........................................
2002 ..........................................
76.4
76.4
78.1
91.6
90.9
93.6
92.0
89.7
94.2
92.6
92.3
93.7
73.9
75.4
77.8
82.3
83.1
84.7
71.2
72.4
75.4
72.8
73.4
74.6
68.5
70.8
71.9
69.9
68.1
73.4
WOMEN’S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN’S2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at
various times by methodological and conceptual changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error section of the February 2003 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Earnings, a monthly BLS periodical.
2 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods
(CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant dollars. See
Technical Note.
27
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars by sex, race,
and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages
Total, 16 years
and over
White
Black
Hispanic origin
1979 ..................................................................
$553
$568
$456
$444
1980 ..................................................................
1981 ..................................................................
1982 ..................................................................
1983 ..................................................................
1984 ..................................................................
1985 ..................................................................
19861 ................................................................
1987 ..................................................................
1988 ..................................................................
1989 ..................................................................
541
536
539
536
537
548
562
566
563
559
555
549
552
548
554
567
580
581
576
573
439
444
437
447
443
442
456
455
459
447
432
422
428
428
427
430
434
431
424
418
19901 ................................................................
1991 ..................................................................
1992 ..................................................................
1993 ..................................................................
19941 ................................................................
1995 ..................................................................
1996 ..................................................................
19971 ................................................................
19981 ................................................................
19991 ................................................................
549
548
553
562
561
561
560
562
576
592
565
569
575
582
580
580
577
580
600
618
439
448
448
452
446
448
442
447
469
480
405
402
404
405
389
385
387
393
408
415
20001 ................................................................
2001 ..................................................................
2002 ..................................................................
600
605
609
615
620
624
488
494
498
412
421
423
1979 ..................................................................
418
422
388
361
1980 ..................................................................
1981 ..................................................................
1982 ..................................................................
1983 ..................................................................
1984 ..................................................................
1985 ..................................................................
19861 ................................................................
1987 ..................................................................
1988 ..................................................................
1989 ..................................................................
415
414
426
432
437
443
455
459
460
459
419
417
431
436
442
449
461
465
465
467
383
389
387
397
397
402
413
417
421
422
356
359
363
368
368
366
378
380
380
377
19901 ................................................................
1991 ..................................................................
1992 ..................................................................
1993 ..................................................................
19941 ................................................................
1995 ..................................................................
1996 ..................................................................
19971 ................................................................
19981 ................................................................
19991 ................................................................
462
472
477
482
479
476
477
482
503
511
471
480
486
491
490
486
489
496
515
521
411
415
421
426
416
416
414
419
440
441
371
376
379
383
366
358
361
355
371
375
20001 ................................................................
2001 ..................................................................
2002 ..................................................................
513
520
530
521
530
549
448
459
474
379
392
396
Year and sex
BOTH SEXES
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2002) dollars by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages — Continued
Total, 16 years
and over
White
Black
Hispanic origin
1979 ........................................................
$669
$684
$522
$503
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
646
642
650
648
645
649
656
656
656
655
661
661
669
663
660
666
678
681
679
675
505
507
496
503
499
486
499
494
507
487
484
475
479
470
473
471
468
463
449
441
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
642
635
629
626
627
631
636
646
659
667
658
651
646
642
657
664
662
665
677
689
481
482
478
480
481
482
470
483
515
527
424
416
426
424
412
410
406
415
429
438
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
671
680
680
694
701
702
525
526
523
429
443
449
1979 ........................................................
62.5
61.7
74.3
71.7
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
64.3
64.5
65.5
66.6
67.6
68.2
69.3
69.9
70.1
70.1
63.5
63.1
64.4
65.7
67.0
67.4
67.9
68.2
68.5
69.2
75.8
76.7
78.0
78.9
79.6
82.8
82.7
84.4
83.0
86.5
73.6
75.6
75.7
78.3
77.8
77.7
80.7
82.1
84.6
85.6
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
71.9
74.3
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.4
75.0
74.5
76.3
76.5
71.5
73.7
75.2
76.5
74.5
73.2
73.8
74.6
76.1
75.7
85.5
86.1
88.1
88.8
86.5
86.3
88.1
86.8
85.4
83.7
87.6
90.5
89.1
90.4
88.8
87.3
89.0
85.6
86.5
85.7
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
76.4
76.4
78.1
75.1
75.6
78.2
85.2
87.2
90.7
88.4
88.5
88.2
Year and sex
MEN
WOMEN’S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN’S2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has
been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey
(CPS). For an explanation, see the Explanatory Notes
and Estimates of Error section of the February 2003 and
subsequent issues of Employment and Earnings, a
monthly BLS periodical.
2 These figures are computed using unrounded
medians and may differ slightly from percents computed
using the rounded medians displayed in this table.
NOTE: Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any
race; thus they are included in both the white and black
population groups. The Consumer Price Index research
series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to
convert current dollars to constant dollars. See
Technical Note.
29
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and over in constant (2002) dollars by sex
and educational attainment, 1979-2002 annual averages
Total,
25 years and
over
Less than a
high school
diploma
High school
graduates, no
college
1979 ........................................................
$608
$482
$570
$647
$789
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
592
583
583
588
596
604
612
610
605
599
459
453
442
438
434
431
435
429
421
417
550
541
538
533
532
532
538
539
537
525
627
613
625
621
629
636
640
636
628
634
778
769
780
790
800
806
821
853
855
854
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
598
601
601
602
600
598
594
603
630
638
404
395
390
385
369
362
362
358
371
374
514
511
507
508
505
506
506
515
528
529
634
630
608
605
598
595
591
598
614
626
850
857
874
876
880
875
866
871
904
927
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
636
639
647
375
383
388
527
528
536
624
630
629
934
939
941
1979 ........................................................
447
348
424
483
605
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
440
441
454
458
466
472
483
486
489
491
339
330
328
334
329
322
325
324
322
324
414
411
421
422
426
427
433
435
435
426
477
482
489
493
502
506
516
526
525
531
599
601
618
632
643
661
682
704
708
711
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
492
498
502
509
506
502
507
516
534
536
320
321
321
322
308
307
306
307
311
313
419
423
423
425
422
418
417
423
436
437
526
526
512
517
507
500
504
513
525
527
714
723
746
748
761
755
750
751
779
798
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
537
551
570
316
319
323
439
448
459
526
533
545
793
796
809
Year and sex
Some college or
College
associate degree graduates, total
BOTH SEXES
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
30
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and over in constant (2002) dollars by sex
and educational attainment, 1979-2002 annual averages — Continued
Total,
25 years and
over
Less than a
high school
diploma
High school
graduates, no
college
1979 ........................................................
$720
$578
$707
$755
$908
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
701
702
701
696
696
706
724
722
712
700
553
540
523
516
507
501
502
490
485
485
676
673
667
664
657
650
650
640
637
631
740
735
733
723
734
752
760
752
734
724
883
899
897
888
925
941
967
988
991
988
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
683
673
673
680
692
690
684
687
704
720
466
449
441
437
411
407
407
408
422
426
612
605
601
597
596
595
590
598
615
626
723
724
697
701
704
699
690
694
709
717
988
984
994
987
992
990
997
1,001
1,034
1,054
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
727
730
732
423
421
421
618
618
616
727
734
732
1,065
1,093
1,089
1979 ........................................................
62.1
60.2
60.0
64.0
66.6
1980 ........................................................
1981 ........................................................
1982 ........................................................
1983 ........................................................
1984 ........................................................
1985 ........................................................
19861 ......................................................
1987 ........................................................
1988 ........................................................
1989 ........................................................
62.7
62.7
64.7
65.8
67.0
66.9
66.7
67.3
68.7
70.2
61.3
61.1
62.8
64.6
64.8
64.4
64.7
66.1
66.4
66.8
61.3
61.0
63.1
63.5
64.9
65.7
66.6
68.0
68.3
67.6
64.5
65.6
66.7
68.1
68.4
67.2
67.9
69.9
71.5
73.3
67.8
66.9
68.9
71.1
69.5
70.2
70.6
71.3
71.4
71.9
19901 ......................................................
1991 ........................................................
1992 ........................................................
1993 ........................................................
19941 ......................................................
1995 ........................................................
1996 ........................................................
19971 ......................................................
19981 ......................................................
19991 ......................................................
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.7
73.1
72.7
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
68.8
71.5
72.8
73.8
74.9
75.4
75.2
75.2
73.7
73.5
68.6
69.9
70.3
71.3
70.8
70.2
70.7
70.8
70.9
69.8
72.8
72.6
73.4
73.7
72.0
71.6
73.1
73.8
74.0
73.5
72.2
73.5
75.0
75.8
76.7
76.2
75.2
75.0
75.3
75.7
20001 ......................................................
2001 ........................................................
2002 ........................................................
73.9
75.4
77.8
74.7
75.6
76.8
71.1
72.5
74.5
72.3
72.6
74.4
74.5
72.9
74.3
Year and sex
Some college or
College
associate degree graduates, total
MEN
WOMEN’S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN’S2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been
affected at various times by methodological and conceptual
changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an
explanation, see the Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error
section of the February 2003 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Earnings, a monthly BLS periodical.
2 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and
may differ slightly from percents computed using the rounded
medians displayed in this table.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using
current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to
constant dollars. See Technical Note.
31
Table 16. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Total, 16
years and
over
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and over
1979 ..............................
$10.20
$8.02
$7.14
$9.25
$11.75
$11.95
$12.17
$11.86
$11.42
$7.43
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
9.99
9.75
9.64
9.60
9.62
9.63
9.72
9.80
9.83
9.81
7.69
7.52
7.24
7.00
6.90
6.81
6.92
6.96
7.00
6.94
6.68
6.78
6.44
6.20
6.03
5.87
5.82
5.78
5.89
5.92
8.88
8.73
8.33
8.05
7.95
7.90
7.94
7.90
7.87
7.93
11.48
11.34
11.21
11.23
11.28
11.26
11.33
11.30
11.32
11.14
11.71
11.54
11.33
11.14
11.16
11.05
10.99
10.89
10.87
10.71
11.92
11.74
11.81
11.85
11.83
11.96
12.20
12.02
11.94
12.00
11.70
11.39
11.46
11.54
11.68
11.78
12.12
11.91
11.93
11.81
11.16
11.00
10.91
10.99
10.92
11.03
11.23
11.23
10.93
10.97
7.38
7.43
7.36
7.54
7.64
7.57
7.79
7.70
7.66
7.60
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
9.66
9.67
9.71
9.65
9.63
9.59
9.60
9.79
10.04
10.29
6.89
6.79
6.76
6.76
6.76
6.81
6.79
6.88
7.26
7.43
6.00
6.05
5.95
5.89
5.91
5.92
5.91
6.16
6.48
6.57
7.90
7.74
7.59
7.55
7.48
7.54
7.65
7.73
7.99
8.36
10.90
10.93
10.98
10.97
10.96
10.98
10.99
11.04
11.17
11.31
10.55
10.36
10.28
10.15
10.07
10.22
10.08
10.12
10.64
10.77
11.77
11.81
11.80
11.79
11.92
11.76
11.59
11.58
11.97
11.90
11.74
11.74
11.97
12.10
12.04
11.89
11.70
11.85
12.08
12.23
10.71
10.55
10.67
10.92
10.84
10.79
10.73
10.89
11.11
11.20
7.69
7.65
7.73
7.84
7.68
7.81
7.74
7.71
8.16
8.32
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
10.35
10.34
10.46
7.53
7.76
7.80
6.65
6.85
6.90
8.42
8.43
8.46
11.39
11.59
11.83
10.62
10.95
10.96
12.02
12.16
12.19
12.37
12.38
12.48
11.30
11.43
11.84
8.36
8.52
9.05
1979 ..............................
8.31
7.33
6.96
8.09
8.96
9.29
9.12
8.83
8.63
7.18
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
8.19
8.10
8.23
8.24
8.20
8.20
8.36
8.48
8.54
8.57
7.15
7.02
6.76
6.55
6.48
6.41
6.44
6.40
6.55
6.59
6.51
6.67
6.35
6.10
5.93
5.77
5.73
5.62
5.72
5.75
7.86
7.76
7.49
7.31
7.20
7.29
7.39
7.42
7.39
7.34
8.78
8.89
8.97
8.97
9.05
9.16
9.32
9.34
9.41
9.51
9.20
9.26
9.28
9.33
9.25
9.24
9.32
9.31
9.30
9.38
8.88
9.04
9.07
9.11
9.25
9.44
9.61
9.62
9.88
9.95
8.76
8.70
8.85
8.90
9.10
9.20
9.39
9.51
9.63
9.68
8.45
8.39
8.57
8.70
8.70
8.72
9.01
9.14
8.89
8.94
7.01
7.04
7.02
7.14
7.22
7.09
7.42
7.35
7.49
7.21
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
8.60
8.70
8.75
8.74
8.71
8.75
8.84
8.88
9.07
9.33
6.61
6.56
6.50
6.47
6.40
6.45
6.50
6.66
6.88
7.13
5.82
5.98
5.90
5.81
5.81
5.80
5.82
6.07
6.37
6.46
7.44
7.36
7.26
7.32
7.19
7.16
7.16
7.33
7.64
7.80
9.44
9.46
9.63
9.66
9.67
9.59
9.64
9.79
10.07
10.29
9.36
9.27
9.37
9.34
9.36
9.30
9.21
9.17
9.70
9.83
9.84
9.97
10.05
10.01
10.14
10.13
10.16
10.23
10.65
10.61
9.55
9.80
9.98
10.03
10.16
10.24
10.21
10.36
10.78
10.75
8.98
8.96
9.06
9.28
9.39
9.31
9.23
9.29
9.75
10.08
7.27
7.42
7.51
7.59
7.50
7.57
7.38
7.64
7.95
8.10
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
9.44
9.75
9.89
7.28
7.32
7.43
6.50
6.70
6.79
8.13
8.12
8.10
10.33
10.35
10.71
10.10
10.13
10.12
10.50
10.55
10.99
10.64
10.97
11.19
10.19
10.40
10.81
8.11
8.18
8.69
Year and sex
BOTH SEXES
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
32
Table 16. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars by sex and age, 1979-2002 annual averages —
Continued
16 to 24 years
25 years and over
Total, 16
years and
over
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and over
1979 ..............................
$12.99
$8.97
$7.34
$10.67
$15.37
$14.65
$16.35
$16.31
$15.13
$8.20
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
12.61
12.43
12.23
11.87
11.75
11.71
11.89
11.77
11.57
11.36
8.50
8.17
7.82
7.52
7.54
7.48
7.51
7.44
7.36
7.25
6.99
6.90
6.54
6.30
6.14
6.00
5.99
6.00
6.06
6.16
10.18
9.68
9.15
8.66
8.52
8.36
8.51
8.60
8.47
8.45
14.94
14.73
14.42
14.25
14.19
14.13
14.13
13.88
13.70
13.61
14.33
13.88
13.68
13.28
13.01
12.77
12.59
12.51
12.29
12.01
16.16
15.70
15.86
15.80
15.68
15.65
15.65
15.29
14.94
14.85
16.10
16.08
15.85
15.70
15.98
15.92
15.89
15.50
15.63
15.25
14.98
14.92
14.53
14.99
14.62
14.44
14.94
14.71
14.24
14.02
7.85
7.99
7.97
8.15
8.10
7.97
8.13
8.06
8.08
8.27
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
11.04
11.07
10.91
10.87
10.82
10.83
10.88
11.00
11.09
11.14
7.26
7.19
7.11
7.06
7.07
7.09
7.06
7.21
7.62
7.69
6.20
6.12
6.04
5.98
6.00
6.04
6.01
6.28
6.59
6.68
8.25
8.03
7.85
7.78
7.89
8.01
7.99
8.03
8.58
8.68
13.14
12.85
12.65
12.49
12.36
12.59
12.32
12.42
12.92
12.96
11.79
11.52
11.34
11.16
10.94
11.11
11.08
11.10
11.27
11.70
14.32
14.15
13.75
13.69
13.82
13.95
13.60
13.50
13.75
13.80
14.86
15.08
15.12
14.90
14.54
14.45
14.17
14.31
14.37
14.77
13.58
12.99
13.06
13.45
13.29
13.04
12.74
13.19
13.47
13.18
8.12
8.01
8.12
8.23
7.98
8.04
8.04
7.79
8.54
8.49
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
11.32
11.50
11.63
7.92
8.09
8.05
6.86
7.00
7.02
8.74
8.96
8.87
12.85
13.13
13.04
11.41
11.92
11.87
13.80
14.18
13.96
14.54
14.67
14.42
13.39
13.13
13.37
8.65
9.18
9.80
1979 ..............................
64.0
81.7
94.9
75.8
58.3
63.4
55.8
54.1
57.0
87.7
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
64.9
65.2
67.3
69.5
69.8
70.1
70.3
72.0
73.9
75.5
84.1
86.0
86.5
87.1
86.0
85.7
85.8
86.0
89.1
90.8
93.1
96.6
97.1
96.9
96.6
96.1
95.5
93.7
94.4
93.4
77.2
80.2
81.8
84.4
84.5
87.2
86.9
86.2
87.3
86.9
58.8
60.3
62.2
63.0
63.8
64.8
66.0
67.3
68.7
69.9
64.2
66.7
67.8
70.3
71.1
72.4
74.1
74.4
75.7
78.1
54.9
57.6
57.2
57.6
59.0
60.3
61.4
62.9
66.2
67.0
54.4
54.1
55.8
56.7
56.9
57.8
59.1
61.4
61.6
63.5
56.4
56.2
59.0
58.0
59.5
60.4
60.3
62.1
62.5
63.8
89.3
88.1
88.1
87.6
89.1
88.9
91.3
91.2
92.6
87.2
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
77.9
78.6
80.2
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
91.0
91.2
91.4
91.6
90.6
90.9
92.0
92.3
90.3
92.7
93.8
97.8
97.7
97.2
97.0
96.0
96.9
96.6
96.7
96.7
90.2
91.6
92.5
94.1
91.1
89.4
89.5
91.3
89.1
89.8
71.9
73.6
76.1
77.3
78.2
76.2
78.3
78.9
77.9
79.4
79.4
80.4
82.6
83.7
85.5
83.7
83.1
82.7
86.1
84.0
68.7
70.4
73.1
73.1
73.4
72.6
74.7
75.8
77.4
76.9
64.3
65.0
66.0
67.3
69.9
70.9
72.1
72.4
75.0
72.8
66.2
69.0
69.4
69.0
70.7
71.4
72.4
70.5
72.4
76.4
89.6
92.6
92.5
92.2
94.0
94.1
91.7
98.1
93.1
95.4
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
83.4
84.8
85.0
91.9
90.6
92.3
94.8
95.7
96.8
93.0
90.6
91.4
80.4
78.8
82.1
88.5
85.0
85.2
76.1
74.4
78.8
73.2
74.8
77.6
76.1
79.2
80.8
93.8
89.1
88.7
Year and sex
MEN
WOMEN’S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN’S2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at
various times by methodological and conceptual changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error section of the February 2003 and subsequent issues of
Employment and Earnings, a monthly BLS periodical.
2 These figures are computed using unrounded medians and may differ
slightly from percents computed using the rounded medians displayed in this
table.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods
(CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant dollars. See
Technical Note.
33
Table 17. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages
Total, 16 years and
over
White
Black
Hispanic origin
1979 ..............................
$10.20
$10.36
$9.44
$9.37
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
9.99
9.75
9.64
9.60
9.62
9.63
9.72
9.80
9.83
9.81
10.10
9.82
9.76
9.72
9.74
9.75
9.84
9.94
9.95
9.93
9.20
9.29
9.04
8.83
8.85
8.79
9.10
9.08
8.99
9.01
9.19
9.11
8.95
8.73
8.70
8.74
8.86
8.82
8.70
8.52
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
9.66
9.67
9.71
9.65
9.63
9.59
9.60
9.79
10.04
10.29
9.79
9.81
9.84
9.78
9.75
9.76
9.79
9.94
10.16
10.51
9.09
9.02
8.88
8.81
8.77
9.00
8.87
8.96
9.25
9.55
8.38
8.33
8.36
8.38
8.33
8.22
8.19
8.27
8.73
8.72
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
10.35
10.34
10.46
10.42
10.42
10.71
9.69
9.82
9.92
8.87
9.13
9.20
1979 ..............................
8.31
8.33
8.16
7.91
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
8.19
8.10
8.23
8.24
8.20
8.20
8.36
8.48
8.54
8.57
8.20
8.12
8.24
8.25
8.21
8.21
8.39
8.51
8.57
8.60
8.04
7.94
8.03
8.10
8.05
8.06
8.11
8.19
8.21
8.25
7.83
7.77
7.74
7.59
7.68
7.71
7.84
7.74
7.72
7.76
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
8.60
8.70
8.75
8.74
8.71
8.75
8.84
8.88
9.07
9.33
8.63
8.72
8.80
8.78
8.82
8.85
8.91
8.95
9.19
9.43
8.31
8.44
8.35
8.43
8.33
8.35
8.23
8.49
8.71
8.79
7.75
7.71
7.77
7.75
7.70
7.75
7.74
7.63
7.96
8.06
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
9.44
9.75
9.89
9.47
9.88
9.94
9.23
9.22
9.41
8.24
8.36
8.53
Year and sex
BOTH SEXES
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
34
Table 17. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant (2002) dollars by sex,
race, and Hispanic origin, 1979-2002 annual averages — Continued
Year and sex
Total, 16 years and
over
White
Black
Hispanic origin
MEN
1979 ..............................
$12.99
$13.31
$11.23
$11.01
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
12.61
12.43
12.23
11.87
11.75
11.71
11.89
11.77
11.57
11.36
12.88
12.71
12.46
12.12
11.97
12.11
12.20
12.01
11.78
11.62
10.72
11.00
10.67
10.22
10.16
9.82
10.30
10.21
10.14
9.92
10.41
10.17
10.23
9.97
9.96
9.70
9.70
9.65
9.51
9.34
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
11.04
11.07
10.91
10.87
10.82
10.83
10.88
11.00
11.09
11.14
11.41
11.37
11.18
11.13
11.06
11.29
11.18
11.14
11.22
11.46
9.84
9.75
9.58
9.41
9.52
9.57
9.35
9.70
10.02
10.55
9.01
8.87
8.79
8.74
8.62
8.52
8.71
8.83
9.09
9.30
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
11.32
11.50
11.63
11.50
11.89
11.86
10.36
10.26
10.23
9.38
9.71
9.90
1979 ..............................
64.0
62.6
72.6
71.8
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
64.9
65.2
67.3
69.5
69.8
70.1
70.3
72.0
73.9
75.5
63.6
63.9
66.1
68.1
68.6
67.8
68.8
70.8
72.8
74.1
75.0
72.2
75.3
79.3
79.2
82.0
78.8
80.2
80.9
83.2
75.2
76.4
75.7
76.1
77.1
79.5
80.8
80.3
81.2
83.1
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
77.9
78.6
80.2
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
75.6
76.7
78.7
78.9
79.7
78.4
79.6
80.3
81.9
82.3
84.5
86.6
87.2
89.6
87.5
87.3
88.0
87.5
86.9
83.2
86.1
86.9
88.4
88.7
89.3
90.9
88.9
86.3
87.5
86.7
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
83.4
84.8
85.0
82.3
83.1
83.8
89.0
89.9
92.0
87.9
86.0
86.2
WOMEN’S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN’S2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has
been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey
(CPS). For an explanation, see the Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error section of the February 2003 and
subsequent issues of Employment and Earnings, a monthly
BLS periodical.
2 These figures are computed using unrounded medians
and may differ slightly from percents computed using the
rounded medians displayed in this table.
NOTE: Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race;
thus they are included in both the white and black
population groups. The Consumer Price Index research
series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert
current dollars to constant dollars. See Technical Note.
35
Table 18. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by sex, 1979-2002 annual
averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage and
salary
workers
Total
Percent of
total wage
and salary
workers
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Number
Percent
of hourly
paid
workers
BOTH SEXES
1979 ..............................
87,529
51,721
59.1
2,916
3,997
6,912
13.4
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
87,644
88,516
87,368
88,290
92,194
94,521
96,903
99,303
101,407
103,480
51,335
51,869
50,846
51,820
54,143
55,762
57,529
59,552
60,878
62,389
58.6
58.6
58.2
58.7
58.7
59.0
59.4
60.0
60.0
60.3
3,087
3,513
2,348
2,077
1,838
1,639
1,599
1,468
1,319
1,372
4,686
4,311
4,148
4,261
4,125
3,899
3,461
3,229
2,608
1,790
7,773
7,824
6,496
6,338
5,963
5,538
5,060
4,698
3,927
3,162
15.1
15.1
12.8
12.2
11.0
9.9
8.8
7.9
6.5
5.1
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
104,876
103,723
104,668
106,101
107,989
110,038
111,960
114,533
116,730
118,963
63,172
62,627
63,610
64,274
66,549
68,354
69,255
70,735
71,440
72,306
60.2
60.4
60.8
60.6
61.6
62.1
61.9
61.8
61.2
60.8
22,132
21,096
23,228
25.1
22,377
22,906
25,283
28.4
1,939
1,707
1,995
1,699
21,863
22,990
2,834
2,194
2,982
2,625
2,132
1,956
21,861
21,764
1,593
1,146
4,921
4,332
4,128
3,656
23,724
24,754
4,427
3,340
7.7
6.7
6.2
5.3
25.4
26.7
6.2
4.6
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
122,292
122,401
122,009
73,638
73,467
72,720
60.2
60.0
59.6
1,853
1,615
1,598
870
638
570
2,724
2,253
2,168
3.7
3.1
3.0
1979 ..............................
38,129
23,329
61.2
2,070
2,644
4,714
20.2
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
38,944
39,672
39,777
40,433
42,172
43,506
44,961
46,365
47,495
48,691
23,626
24,294
24,365
24,989
26,003
26,869
27,863
29,078
29,820
30,702
60.7
61.2
61.3
61.8
61.7
61.8
62.0
62.7
62.8
63.1
2,104
2,394
1,651
1,492
1,348
1,198
1,192
1,105
1,008
994
2,990
2,778
2,561
2,603
2,499
2,356
2,125
1,946
1,542
1,056
5,095
5,172
4,212
4,095
3,847
3,554
3,317
3,051
2,550
2,050
21.6
21.3
17.3
16.4
14.8
13.2
11.9
10.5
8.6
6.7
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
49,323
49,105
49,842
50,626
51,419
52,369
53,488
54,708
55,757
57,050
31,069
30,988
31,454
31,937
33,021
33,934
34,418
35,214
35,680
36,233
63.0
63.1
63.1
63.1
64.2
64.8
64.3
64.4
64.0
63.5
21,420
2711
22,131
26.9
21,582
21,792
23,374
210.9
1,286
1,133
1,322
1,157
21,244
21,843
1,794
1,426
1,751
1,534
1,241
1,161
21,106
21,092
965
700
3,036
2,667
2,563
2,318
22,350
22,935
2,760
2,126
9.7
8.4
7.8
6.8
26.8
28.3
7.7
5.9
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
58,540
58,695
58,625
36,867
36,818
36,585
63.0
62.7
62.4
1,215
1,085
1,016
547
388
352
1,762
1,473
1,368
4.8
4.0
3.7
WOMEN
See footnotes at end of table.
36
Table 18. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by sex, 1979-2002 annual
averages — Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage and
salary
workers
Total
Percent of
total wage
and salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Number
Percent
of hourly
paid
workers
MEN
1979 ..............................
49,400
28,392
57.5
846
1,353
2,199
7.7
1980 ..............................
1981 ..............................
1982 ..............................
1983 ..............................
1984 ..............................
1985 ..............................
19861 ............................
1987 ..............................
1988 ..............................
1989 ..............................
48,700
48,844
47,591
47,856
50,022
51,015
51,942
52,938
53,912
54,789
27,709
27,576
26,481
26,831
28,140
28,893
29,666
30,474
31,058
31,687
56.9
56.5
55.6
56.1
56.3
56.6
57.1
57.6
57.6
57.8
983
1,119
697
585
490
440
408
364
311
379
1,696
1,533
1,587
1,658
1,626
1,544
1,336
1,283
1,066
733
2,678
2,652
2,284
2,243
2,116
1,984
1,743
1,647
1,377
1,112
9.7
9.6
8.6
8.4
7.5
6.9
5.9
5.4
4.4
3.5
19901 ............................
1991 ..............................
1992 ..............................
1993 ..............................
19941 ............................
1995 ..............................
1996 ..............................
19971 ............................
19981 ............................
19991 ............................
55,553
54,618
54,826
55,475
56,570
57,669
58,473
59,825
60,973
61,914
32,104
31,639
32,155
32,337
33,528
34,420
34,838
35,521
35,761
36,073
57.8
57.9
58.6
58.3
59.3
59.7
59.6
59.4
58.7
58.3
2712
2385
21,097
23.4
2795
21,114
21,909
26.0
653
573
674
542
2619
21,147
1,039
768
1,231
1,091
891
796
2755
2673
628
446
1,885
1,664
1,565
1,338
21,374
21,820
1,667
1,214
5.9
5.1
4.7
3.9
23.9
25.1
4.7
3.4
20001 ............................
2001 ..............................
2002 ..............................
63,752
63,706
63,384
36,771
36,649
36,135
57.7
57.5
57.0
638
530
582
324
250
218
962
780
800
2.6
2.1
2.2
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at
various times by methodological and conceptual changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Explanatory Notes
and Estimates of Error section of the February 2003 and subsequent
issues of Employment and Earnings, a monthly BLS periodical.
2 Data for 1990-91 and 1996-97 reflect changes in the minimum wage
that took place in those years.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $2.90 in 1979, $3.10
in 1980, and $3.35 in 1981-89. The minimum wage rose to $3.80 in April
1990, to $4.25 in April 1991, to $4.75 in October 1996, and to $5.15 in
September 1997. See Technical Note for more information about minimum
wage workers.
37