Highlights of Women’s
Earnings in 2007
U.S. Department of Labor
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
October 2008
Report 1008
Introduction
I
n 2007, women who were full-time wage and salary workers
had median weekly earnings of $614, or about 80 percent of
the $766 median for their male counterparts. This ratio has
grown since 1979 (the first year for which comparable earnings
data are available), when women earned about 62 percent as much
as men. (See chart 1 and tables 1 and 12.)
This report presents earnings data from the Current Population
Survey (CPS), a national monthly survey of approximately 60,000
households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics. Information on earnings is collected
from one-fourth of the CPS sample each month. Readers should
note that the comparisons of earnings in this report are on a broad
level and do not control for many factors that can be significant
in explaining earnings differences. For a detailed description of
the source of the data and an explanation of the concepts and
definitions used, see the accompanying technical note.
and men narrowed for most age groups. The women’sto-men’s earnings ratio among 35- to 44-year-olds, for
example, rose from 58 percent in 1979 to 77 percent in
2007, and the ratio for 45- to 54-year-olds increased from
57 percent to 75 percent. The earnings ratios for teenagers
and for workers aged 65 and older fluctuated from 1979 to
2007, but their long-term trend has been essentially flat.
(See table 12.)
• Earnings differences between women and men in 2007
were widest for Asians and for whites. Asian women and
white women earned just under 80 percent as much as
their male counterparts. By comparison, black women and
Hispanic women had earnings that were around 90 percent
of those of their male counterparts. (See table 1 and chart
2.)
• Asian workers of both sexes earned more than their white,
black, and Hispanic counterparts in 2007. Among women,
whites ($626) earned 86 percent as much as Asians ($731),
while blacks ($533) and Hispanics ($473) earned 73 percent
and 65 percent as much, respectively. In comparison, white
men ($788) earned 84 percent as much as Asian men
($936), black men ($600) earned 64 percent as much, and
Hispanic men ($520), 56 percent. (See tables 1 and 14, and
chart 2.)
Highlights
Following are some highlights of women’s and men’s earnings
in 2007:
Full-time workers
• Median weekly earnings were highest for women aged 35
to 64. Among women in this broad age range, there was
relatively little difference in the earnings of 55- to 64-yearolds ($679), 45- to 54-year-olds ($677), and 35- to 45-yearolds ($668). Among men, median weekly earnings were
highest for those aged 55 to 64 ($933), followed closely by
45-to-54-year-olds ($909). Young women and men aged 16
to 24 had the lowest earnings. (See table 1.)
• Across the major race and Hispanic ethnicity categories,
women’s inflation-adjusted earnings grew from 1979 to
2007 while those for men were mostly flat or down. (Asians
are excluded from this analysis because of the limited
comparable data series available; see note in table 15.)
Among women, growth in real earnings for white women
has outpaced that of their black and Hispanic counterparts.
Between 1979 and 2007, inflation-adjusted earnings for
white women rose by 28 percent, while earnings growth
among black and Hispanic women was 19 percent and 13
percent, respectively. In contrast, real earnings for white
and for black men in 2007 were about the same as they
• The difference between women’s and men’s earnings was
largest among those aged 55 to 64, with women earning
about 73 percent as much as men in this age group. By
comparison, women earned 87 percent as much as men
among workers 25 to 34 years old, and 92 percent as much
among 16- to 24-year-olds. (See table 1.)
• Between 1979 and 2007, the earnings gap between women
1
were in 1979, while Hispanic men’s earnings fell by about
11 percent. Women’s long-term earnings growth reflects,
in part, gains in their education levels and their movement
into higher paying occupations over time. Although men’s
educational attainment also has improved since 1979, the
relative gains have not been as great, nor has the occupational
distribution of employed men changed as significantly as it
has for women. (The Consumer Price Index research series
using current methods—CPI-U-RS—is used to convert
current dollars to constant dollars for the inflation-adjusted
comparisons in this report.) (See table 15.)
($1,229 per week) and engineering ($1,213 per week)
fields, compared with 43 percent of their male counterparts.
Instead, professional women were more likely to work in
the education ($841 per week) and health care ($920 per
week) occupations, in which pay was generally lower.
Sixty-seven percent of female professionals worked in
these fields in 2007, compared with 30 percent of male
professionals. (See table 2.)
• The ratio of female-to-male earnings varied by place of
residence, ranging from 62 percent in Wyoming to 89
percent in the District of Columbia. The differences among
the States reflect, in part, variation in the occupations and
industries found in each State and in the age composition
of each State’s labor force. In addition, sampling error for
the State estimates is considerably larger than it is for the
national estimates; thus, comparisons of State estimates
should be made with caution. (See table 3.)
• Median weekly earnings vary significantly by educational
level. Among women, those with less than a high school
diploma earned $369 per week in 2007, compared with
$932 for those with a college degree. Among men, high
school dropouts had earnings of $481 a week, compared
with $1,243 for college graduates. (See tables 1 and 6.)
• At all levels of education, women have fared better than
men with respect to earnings growth. Although both
women and men with less than a high school diploma have
experienced a decline in inflation-adjusted earnings since
1979, the drop for women was significantly less than that
for men—9 percent as opposed to 28 percent. Earnings for
women with college degrees have increased by about 33
percent since 1979 on an inflation-adjusted basis, while
those of male college graduates have risen by 18 percent.
(See table 17 and chart 3.)
• Median weekly earnings for married women and men were
higher than those for their unmarried counterparts. As a
group, married workers tend to be older and so are more
likely to be in their prime earning years. Among married
workers of both sexes, the earnings of those with children
under age 18 differed only slightly from those without
children. Among unmarried workers, women without
children earned 14 percent more than those with children.
The opposite was true among unmarried men: those
with children earned 12 percent more than those with no
children. (See table 8.)
• Women working full time in management, business, and
financial operations occupations had median weekly
earnings of $908 in 2007, more than women earned in any
other major occupational category. The second-highest
paying job group was professional and related occupations,
in which women earned $835 per week. In management,
business, and finance, the highest paying occupations
for women were chief executives and computer and
information systems managers. Within professional and
related occupations, women working as pharmacists,
lawyers, and computer software engineers had the highest
median weekly earnings. (See table 2.)
• Among full-time workers, men were more likely than
women to work longer hours per week. In 2007, 27 percent
of men working full time had workweeks of 41 hours
or more, compared with 15 percent of female full-time
workers. Women were 3 times as likely as men to work 35
to 39 hours per week—12 percent as opposed to 4 percent.
A majority of both male and female full-time workers had
a 40-hour workweek. (See table 5.)
Part-time workers
• Women are more likely than men to work part time, that is,
fewer than 35 hours per week. Women who worked part time
made up nearly 25 percent of all female wage and salary
workers in 2007. In contrast, only about 10 percent of men
in wage and salary jobs worked part time. These proportions
have not changed much over time. (See tables 4 and 5.)
• The occupational distributions of male and female full-time
workers differ significantly. Relatively few women work
in construction, production, or transportation occupations,
and women are far more concentrated in administrative
support jobs. (See table 2 and chart 4.)
• Median weekly earnings of female part-time workers were
$218, compared with $203 for their male counterparts. The
lower earnings for men in part reflect the fact that male parttime workers are more highly concentrated in the youngest
age groups, which typically have low earnings. About half
of male part-timers were 16 to 24 years old, compared with
• Although women are more likely than men to work
in professional and related occupations, they are not
well represented in the higher paying job groups within
this broad category. In 2007, only 9 percent of female
professionals were employed in the high-paying computer
2
just under a third of female part-timers. (See table 4.)
average number of workers who earned $5.15 or less from
January 2007 through July 2007 and those who earned $5.85
or less from August 2007 through the end of the year. (See
tables 11 and 22, as well as the accompanying technical
note, for information about workers with earnings below
the Federal minimum wage.)
Workers paid by the hour
• Sixty-one percent of women and 56 percent of men
employed in wage and salary jobs were paid by the hour
in 2007. Women who were paid hourly rates had median
hourly earnings of $10.98, 85 percent of the median for men
paid by the hour ($12.95). (See tables 5, 9, 10, and 18–21.)
• Hourly paid workers aged 16 to 19 were the most likely
to have earnings at or below the minimum wage. Seven
percent of teenage workers earned the prevailing Federal
minimum wage or less, compared with just 1.5 percent of
hourly paid workers aged 25 and older. Among those aged
20 to 24, about 4 percent had earnings at or below the
minimum wage. (See table 11.)
• Among workers who were paid hourly rates in 2007, 3.1
percent of women and 1.4 percent of men had hourly
earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage.
On July 24, 2007, the Federal minimum wage level rose
from $5.15 to $5.85 an hour. Data in this report reflect the
3
Chart 1.
Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2007) dollars, by sex,
1979–2007 annual averages
Earnings
(dollars)
800
Percent
100
Men’s earnings
95
750
90
700
85
650
80
Women’s earnings as a percent of men’s
600
75
70
550
65
Women’s earnings
500
60
450
55
400
50
1979
Chart 2.
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 2007 annual averages
Earnings
(dollars)
1,000
Earnings
(dollars)
1,000
$936
Men
Women
800
$788
$766
$614
800
$731
$626
$600
600
600
$533
$520
$473
400
400
200
200
0
0
Total
White
Black or
African American
4
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
Chart 3.
Change in constant-dollar median usual weekly earnings, by educational attainment and sex,
from 1979 to 2007
Highest educational level
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
32.8
Men
18.0
Women
8.6
Some college
or associate
degree
–7.4
4.1
High school,
no college
–15.9
–8.7
Less than a
high school
diploma
–28.2
–40
–30
–20
–10
0
10
20
30
40
NOTE: Data relate to earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older.
Chart 4.
Distribution of full-time wage and salary employment, by sex and major occupation group,
2007 annual averages
Percent
distribution
40
Percent
distribution
40
Men
35
35
Women
30
30
26.9
24.0
25
19.9
20
15
25
19.8
17.5
15.5
20
15.6
14.4
15
12.2
9.9
10
9.6
7.1
6.6
10
5
5
1.0
0
0
Management,
business,
and financial
operations
occupations
Professional
and related
occupations
Service
occupations
Sales and
related
occupations
5
Natural
Production,
Office and
administrative
resources,
transportation,
construction, and and materialsupport
moving
occupations
maintenance
occupations
occupations
Statistical Tables
Page
1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by selected characteristics,
2007 annual averages ................................................................................................................................................................
8
2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages ............................................................................................................................... ................................. 10
3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by State and sex, 2007 annual
averages ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers, by selected characteristics,
2007 annual averages ................................................................................................................................................................. 38
5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours usually worked and sex,
2007 annual averages ................................................................................................................................................................. 40
6. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages ......................................................................................................................... 42
7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected characteristics,
2007 annual averages . ............................................................................................................................................................... 43
8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, marital status, and presence
and age of own children under 18 years old, 2007 annual averages ......................................................................................... 45
9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by selected characteristics,
2007 annual averages ................................................................................................................................................................ 46
10. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected characteristics,
2007 annual averages ................................................................................................................................................................ 48
11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage,
by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages .................................................................................................................... 50
12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex and age,
1979–2007 annual averages ...................................................................................................................................................... 52
13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2007) dollars, by sex and
age, 1979–2007 annual averages ............................................................................................................................................... 56
14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex, race, and
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual averages ........................................................................................................ 59
15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2007) dollars, by sex, race,
and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual averages ................................................................................................. 63
16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, in current dollars, by
sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual averages .................................................................................................. 66
6
Statistical Tables, continued
Page
17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, in constant (2007)
dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual averages ................................................................................. 70
18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex and age,
1979–2007 annual averages ...................................................................................................................................................... 73
19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant (2007) dollars, by sex and
age, 1979–2007 annual averages .............................................................................................................................................. 77
20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex, race, and
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual averages ....................................................................................................... 80
21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant (2007) dollars, by sex,
race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual averages ........................................................................................ 84
22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage,
by sex, 1979–2007 annual averages .......................................................................................................................................... 87
7
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$695
424
337
450
738
643
769
790
803
605
$2
2
5
3
2
3
4
4
7
8
47,041
4,792
646
4,146
42,249
10,934
11,534
12,193
6,625
964
$614
409
318
426
646
597
668
677
679
534
$2
3
4
4
2
3
5
5
7
12
86,653
13,061
5,155
16,201
716
569
830
503
2
4
12
2
36,764
6,874
2,297
5,953
626
533
731
473
2
6
10
5
28,145
60,926
18,268
12,171
4,407
1,689
557
781
647
689
560
614
3
3
4
5
8
9
12,040
24,567
10,434
7,022
2,162
1,250
526
665
603
627
516
589
4
3
3
5
6
10
14,201
15,570
91,769
863
857
663
5
5
2
5,880
6,591
40,450
790
784
592
7
7
2
96,089
8,746
27,997
26,190
33,157
738
428
604
704
1,072
2
4
2
3
5
42,249
2,756
11,744
12,475
15,274
646
369
512
609
932
2
3
2
3
4
AGE
Total, 16 years and older................................ 107,339
16 to 24 years........................................................
11,250
1,673
16 to 19 years.....................................................
9,577
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
96,089
25,869
25 to 34 years.....................................................
26,999
35 to 44 years.....................................................
26,693
45 to 54 years.....................................................
14,196
55 to 64 years.....................................................
2,332
65 years and older..............................................
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American......................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status................................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2 .............................................
Represented by unions 3 ........................................
Not represented by a union....................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college 4 ...................................
Some college or associate degree.....................
Bachelor's degree and higher 5 ..........................
See footnotes at end of table.
8
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years.....................................................
45 to 54 years.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older..............................................
60,298
6,458
1,027
5,431
53,840
14,935
15,466
14,500
7,571
1,368
$766
443
357
472
823
687
873
909
933
686
$2
5
7
4
3
4
6
6
8
28
80.2
92.3
89.1
90.3
78.5
86.9
76.5
74.5
72.8
77.8
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American......................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
49,889
6,186
2,858
10,248
788
600
936
520
3
5
13
3
79.4
88.8
78.1
91.0
16,105
36,359
7,834
5,149
2,246
439
579
886
724
774
601
739
3
4
7
9
8
39
90.8
75.1
83.3
81.0
85.9
79.7
8,321
8,979
51,319
913
910
738
6
5
3
86.5
86.2
80.2
53,840
5,990
16,253
13,715
17,883
823
481
689
810
1,243
3
3
4
5
6
78.5
76.7
74.3
75.2
75.0
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status................................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2 .............................................
Represented by unions 3........................................
Not represented by a union....................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college 4 ...................................
Some college or associate degree.....................
Bachelor's degree and higher 5 ..........................
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety
of factors in addition to coverage by a collective bargaining agreement, including the distribution of
male and female employees by occupation, industry, firm size, or geographic region.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union, as well as
to workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee
association contract.
4
Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's, professional, or doctoral degree.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not
sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
5
9
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages
Both sexes
Occupation
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
107,339
$695
$2
39,147
996
15,977
11,009
1,043
893
10
69
784
60
97
444
1,070
238
253
154
Total, 16 years and older……………………………………
Management, professional, and related occupations……
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations……………………………………
Management occupations………………………………
Chief executives………………………………………
General and operations managers…………………
Legislators………………………………………………
Advertising and promotions managers………………
Marketing and sales managers………………………
Public relations managers……………………………
Administrative services managers……………………
Computer and information systems managers……
Financial managers……………………………………
Human resources managers…………………………
Industrial production managers………………………
Purchasing managers…………………………………
Transportation, storage, and
distribution managers………………………………
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers………
Construction managers………………………………
Education administrators…………………………….
Engineering managers…………………………………
Food service managers………………………………
Funeral directors……….………………………………
Gaming managers……………..………………………
Lodging managers……………………………………
Medical and health services managers………………
Natural sciences managers…………………………
Postmasters and mail superintendents………………
Property, real estate, and
community association managers……….. ………
Social and community service managers……………
Managers, all other……………………………………
Business and financial operations occupations………
Agents and business managers of
artists, performers, and athletes……………………
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products……
Wholesale and retail buyers,
except farm products…………………………………
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and
farm products…………………………………………
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners,
and investigators……………………………………
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and
transportation…………………………………………
Cost estimators…………………………………………
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists……………………………………………
Logisticians……………………………………………
Management analysts…………………………………
Meeting and convention planners……………………
Other business operations specialists………………
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
47,041
$614
$2
4
19,924
858
4
1,080
1,161
1,882
1,221
(1)
965
1,319
1,145
1,057
1,553
1,078
1,208
1,216
1,240
9
6
13
34
(1)
27
49
124
95
39
35
61
41
45
7,293
4,438
267
249
5
41
296
30
28
123
575
166
41
64
908
963
1,536
987
(1)
(1)
1,028
(1)
(1)
1,363
909
1,073
(1)
1,054
8
9
51
55
(1)
(1)
38
(1)
(1)
175
29
95
(1)
55
252
86
546
713
116
646
31
6
104
448
10
35
845
713
1,143
1,131
1,713
645
(1)
(1)
696
1,136
(1)
(1)
38
42
24
18
81
24
(1)
(1)
43
26
(1)
(1)
43
19
48
454
9
308
9
1
56
326
5
16
(1)
(1)
(1)
960
(1)
584
(1)
(1)
618
1,063
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
(1)
18
(1)
(1)
29
27
(1)
(1)
338
269
2,296
4,968
787
962
1,180
941
38
46
21
8
197
164
897
2,854
732
913
1,006
832
20
32
26
11
23
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
157
750
33
81
737
31
260
854
44
148
753
34
270
809
27
164
743
23
125
104
936
1,034
52
36
63
16
747
(1)
53
(1)
731
53
352
31
195
875
990
1,200
(1)
834
24
97
85
(1)
35
517
22
166
26
136
811
(1)
1,083
(1)
772
22
(1)
38
(1)
23
See footnotes at end of table.
10
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Total, 16 years and older..................................................
60,298
$766
$2
80.2
Management, professional, and related occupations……
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations……………………………………
Management occupations………………………………
Chief executives………………………………………
General and operations managers…………………
Legislators………………………………………………
Advertising and promotions managers………………
Marketing and sales managers………………………
Public relations managers……………………………
Administrative services managers……………………
Computer and information systems managers……
Financial managers……………………………………
Human resources managers…………………………
Industrial production managers………………………
Purchasing managers…………………………………
Transportation, storage, and
distribution managers………………………………
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers………
Construction managers………………………………
Education administrators…………………………….
Engineering managers…………………………………
Food service managers………………………………
Funeral directors……….………………………………
Gaming managers……………..………………………
Lodging managers……………………………………
Medical and health services managers………………
Natural sciences managers…………………………
Postmasters and mail superintendents………………
Property, real estate, and
community association managers……….. ………
Social and community service managers……………
Managers, all other……………………………………
Business and financial operations occupations………
Agents and business managers of
artists, performers, and athletes……………………
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products……
Wholesale and retail buyers,
except farm products…………………………………
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and
farm products…………………………………………
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners,
and investigators……………………………………
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and
transportation…………………………………………
Cost estimators…………………………………………
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists……………………………………………
Logisticians……………………………………………
Management analysts…………………………………
Meeting and convention planners……………………
Other business operations specialists………………
19,222
1,187
8
72.3
8,684
6,570
776
644
5
29
488
29
69
321
495
72
211
90
1,261
1,337
1,918
1,332
(1)
(1)
1,511
(1)
1,068
1,596
1,452
1,581
1,244
1,374
9
12
28
45
(1)
(1)
44
(1)
130
69
86
55
34
137
72.0
72.0
80.1
74.1
(²)
(²)
68.0
(²)
(²)
85.4
62.6
67.9
(²)
76.7
208
67
497
259
107
338
22
5
48
122
6
19
836
693
1,155
1,371
1,748
731
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,414
(1)
(1)
38
41
26
45
56
20
(1)
(1)
(1)
89
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
70.0
(²)
79.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
75.2
(²)
(²)
140
105
1,399
2,114
970
1,063
1,307
1,131
46
202
39
13
75.5
85.9
77.0
73.6
14
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
77
794
124
92.8
112
992
46
75.9
106
898
49
82.7
62
89
1,124
1,063
149
43
66.5
(²)
215
30
186
5
59
1,037
(1)
1,388
(1)
1,026
35
(1)
71
(1)
62
78.2
(²)
78.0
(²)
75.2
See footnotes at end of table.
11
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Accountants and auditors……………………………
1,519
Appraisers and assessors of real estate……………
67
Budget analysts………………………………………
53
Credit analysts…………………………………………
30
Financial analysts………………………………………
76
Personal financial advisors……………………………
260
Insurance underwriters………………………………
91
Financial examiners……………………………………
3
Loan counselors and officers…………………………
408
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents……
59
Tax preparers…………………………………………
52
Financial specialists, all other…………………………
43
Professional and related occupations…………………… 23,170
Computer and mathematical occupations……………
3,117
Computer scientists and systems analysts…………
712
Computer programmers………………………………
485
Computer software engineers………………………
872
Computer support specialists…………………………
273
Database administrators………………………………
101
Network and computer systems administrators……
205
Network systems and data communications
analysts………………………………………………
328
Actuaries………………………………………………
18
Mathematicians…………………………………………
3
Operations research analysts…………………………
85
Statisticians……………………………………………
31
Miscellaneous mathematical
science occupations…………………………………
3
Architecture and engineering occupations……………
2,633
Architects, except naval………………………………
160
Surveyors, cartographers, and
photogrammetrists…………………………………
36
127
Aerospace engineers…………………………………
2
Agricultural engineers…………………………………
Biomedical engineers…………………………………
12
Chemical engineers……………………………………
72
Civil engineers…………………………………………
330
Computer hardware engineers………………………
66
325
Electrical and electronics engineers…………………
Environmental engineers………………………………
29
Industrial engineers, including health and safety…
163
Marine engineers and naval architects………………
11
Materials engineers……………………………………
36
Mechanical engineers…………………………………
281
Mining and geological engineers, including
mining safety engineers……………………………
3
Nuclear engineers……………………………………
9
Petroleum engineers…………………………………
19
Engineers, all other……………………………………
310
Drafters…………………………………………………
161
Engineering technicians, except drafters……………
405
Surveying and mapping technicians…………………
75
Life, physical, and social science occupations………
1,152
Agricultural and food scientists………………………
17
See footnotes at end of table.
12
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$968
960
1,124
(1)
1,232
1,204
979
(1)
938
837
761
(1)
951
1,229
1,173
1,232
1,455
877
1,345
1,180
$16
120
64
(1)
38
76
66
(1)
24
49
47
(1)
4
14
29
22
27
35
38
37
1,039
(1)
(1)
1,182
(1)
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
942
22
33
14
25
89
65
2
219
33
32
30
12,632
790
201
124
178
73
37
27
$858
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,047
865
(1)
844
(1)
(1)
(1)
835
1,047
1,041
1,074
1,318
764
(1)
(1)
$21
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
52
26
(1)
32
(1)
(1)
(1)
5
29
66
82
74
48
(1)
(1)
51
(1)
(1)
86
(1)
91
6
38
15
853
(1)
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,213
1,151
(1)
18
44
1
384
40
(1)
981
(1)
(1)
22
(1)
(1)
1,557
(1)
(1)
1,410
1,337
1,325
1,454
(1)
1,223
(1)
(1)
1,354
(1)
65
(1)
(1)
89
30
87
31
(1)
43
(1)
(1)
33
5
13
2
18
35
3
32
11
28
2
22
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,350
823
902
748
1,053
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
34
38
28
31
25
(1)
1
2
35
35
90
7
469
4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
781
(1)
939
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
28
(1)
27
(1)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Accountants and auditors……………………………
577
Appraisers and assessors of real estate……………
45
Budget analysts………………………………………
20
Credit analysts…………………………………………
15
Financial analysts………………………………………
51
Personal financial advisors……………………………
171
Insurance underwriters………………………………
26
Financial examiners……………………………………
2
Loan counselors and officers…………………………
189
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents……
26
Tax preparers…………………………………………
21
Financial specialists, all other…………………………
13
Professional and related occupations…………………… 10,538
Computer and mathematical occupations……………
2,326
Computer scientists and systems analysts…………
511
Computer programmers………………………………
361
Computer software engineers………………………
694
Computer support specialists…………………………
200
Database administrators………………………………
64
Network and computer systems administrators……
178
Network systems and data communications
analysts………………………………………………
237
Actuaries………………………………………………
13
Mathematicians…………………………………………
3
Operations research analysts…………………………
47
Statisticians……………………………………………
16
Miscellaneous mathematical
science occupations…………………………………
3
Architecture and engineering occupations……………
2,249
Architects, except naval………………………………
120
Surveyors, cartographers, and
photogrammetrists…………………………………
31
Aerospace engineers…………………………………
114
Agricultural engineers…………………………………
2
Biomedical engineers…………………………………
10
Chemical engineers……………………………………
54
Civil engineers…………………………………………
295
Computer hardware engineers………………………
63
Electrical and electronics engineers…………………
292
Environmental engineers………………………………
18
Industrial engineers, including health and safety…
135
Marine engineers and naval architects………………
11
Materials engineers……………………………………
34
Mechanical engineers…………………………………
259
Mining and geological engineers, including
mining safety engineers……………………………
3
Nuclear engineers……………………………………
8
Petroleum engineers…………………………………
18
Engineers, all other……………………………………
275
Drafters…………………………………………………
126
Engineering technicians, except drafters……………
315
Surveying and mapping technicians…………………
68
Life, physical, and social science occupations………
683
Agricultural and food scientists………………………
13
See footnotes at end of table.
13
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
$1,186
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,238
1,377
(1)
(1)
1,129
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,148
1,294
1,243
1,268
1,509
905
1,400
1,204
$46
(1)
(1)
(1)
78
145
(1)
(1)
58
(1)
(1)
(1)
5
24
31
26
43
41
50
29
72.3
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
76.0
(²)
(²)
74.8
(²)
(²)
(²)
72.7
80.9
83.7
84.7
87.3
84.4
(²)
(²)
1,181
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
49
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
72.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
1,258
1,296
(1)
15
140
(²)
78.0
(²)
(1)
1,637
(1)
(1)
1,495
1,358
1,352
1,483
(1)
1,250
(1)
(1)
1,349
(1)
42
(1)
(1)
47
28
76
49
(1)
70
(1)
(1)
41
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,373
885
958
750
1,151
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
45
45
32
31
22
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
81.5
(²)
81.6
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Biological scientists……………………………………
Conservation scientists and foresters………………
Medical scientists………………………………………
Astronomers and physicists…………………………
Atmospheric and space scientists……………………
Chemists and materials scientists……………………
Environmental scientists and geoscientists…………
Physical scientists, all other…………………………
Economists……………………………………………
Market and survey researchers………………………
Psychologists…………………………………………
Sociologists……………………………………………
Urban and regional planners…………………………
Miscellaneous social scientists and related
workers…………………………………………………
Agricultural and food science technicians…………
Biological technicians…………………………………
Chemical technicians…………………………………
Geological and petroleum technicians………………
Nuclear technicians……………………………………
Other life, physical, and social science
technicians……………………………………………
Community and social services occupations…………
Counselors………………………………………………
Social workers…………………………………………
Miscellaneous community and social service
specialists……………………………………………
Clergy……………………………………………………
Directors, religious activities and education…………
Religious workers, all other……………………………
Legal occupations………………………………………
Lawyers…………………………………………………
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers……
Paralegals and legal assistants………………………
Miscellaneous legal support workers………………
Education, training, and library occupations…………
Postsecondary teachers………………………………
Preschool and kindergarten teachers………………
Elementary and middle school teachers……………
Secondary school teachers……………………………
Special education teachers……………………………
Other teachers and instructors………………………
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians………
Librarians………………………………………………
Library technicians……………………………………
Teacher assistants……………………………………
Other education, training, and library workers………
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations………………………………………………
Artists and related workers……………………………
Designers………………………………………………
Actors……………………………………………………
Producers and directors………………………………
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers…
Median
weekly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
81
29
145
16
7
120
78
120
20
122
100
8
29
$1,004
(1)
1,098
(1)
(1)
1,149
1,080
1,371
(1)
1,062
1,170
(1)
(1)
$34
(1)
64
(1)
(1)
41
158
99
(1)
49
65
(1)
(1)
34
4
66
4
53
20
41
4
68
63
7
5
(1)
(1)
$856
(1)
980
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,035
1,152
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$33
(1)
30
(1)
(1)
(1)
41
55
(1)
(1)
30
19
19
57
16
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
785
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
29
(1)
(1)
15
7
5
21
4
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
117
1,893
577
587
749
755
760
757
28
8
13
15
41
1,117
375
475
(1)
720
724
754
(1)
12
19
17
272
359
35
62
1,167
624
67
285
192
6,500
860
488
2,595
1,028
323
335
31
169
22
600
49
680
797
(1)
668
1,148
1,591
1,728
797
722
841
1,131
567
863
944
881
766
(1)
861
(1)
410
(1)
33
37
(1)
88
20
67
439
42
33
6
20
23
8
19
23
21
(1)
25
(1)
9
(1)
169
46
20
32
663
231
26
251
155
4,690
370
473
2,081
558
265
188
23
134
12
553
34
636
(1)
(1)
(1)
930
1,381
(1)
789
662
784
962
561
847
900
886
685
(1)
846
(1)
406
(1)
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
27
84
(1)
42
22
7
28
24
8
18
24
38
(1)
29
(1)
8
(1)
1,568
78
553
10
93
119
829
953
776
(1)
1,008
773
16
58
23
(1)
58
54
689
31
275
6
29
25
732
(1)
697
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
(1)
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Biological scientists……………………………………
Conservation scientists and foresters………………
Medical scientists………………………………………
Astronomers and physicists…………………………
Atmospheric and space scientists……………………
Chemists and materials scientists……………………
Environmental scientists and geoscientists…………
Physical scientists, all other…………………………
Economists……………………………………………
Market and survey researchers………………………
Psychologists…………………………………………
Sociologists……………………………………………
Urban and regional planners…………………………
Miscellaneous social scientists and related
workers…………………………………………………
Agricultural and food science technicians…………
Biological technicians…………………………………
Chemical technicians…………………………………
Geological and petroleum technicians………………
Nuclear technicians……………………………………
Other life, physical, and social science
technicians……………………………………………
Community and social services occupations…………
Counselors………………………………………………
Social workers…………………………………………
Miscellaneous community and social service
specialists……………………………………………
Clergy……………………………………………………
Directors, religious activities and education…………
Religious workers, all other……………………………
Legal occupations………………………………………
Lawyers…………………………………………………
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers……
Paralegals and legal assistants………………………
Miscellaneous legal support workers………………
Education, training, and library occupations…………
Postsecondary teachers………………………………
Preschool and kindergarten teachers………………
Elementary and middle school teachers……………
Secondary school teachers……………………………
Special education teachers……………………………
Other teachers and instructors………………………
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians………
Librarians………………………………………………
Library technicians……………………………………
Teacher assistants……………………………………
Other education, training, and library workers………
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations………………………………………………
Artists and related workers……………………………
Designers………………………………………………
Actors……………………………………………………
Producers and directors………………………………
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers…
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
46
25
78
12
7
67
58
78
15
54
38
1
24
(1)
(1)
$1,374
(1)
(1)
1,354
1,159
1,531
(1)
1,160
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$71
(1)
(1)
52
57
126
(1)
69
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
62.3
(²)
72.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
89.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
14
12
13
37
12
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
-
76
776
202
112
833
807
833
764
48
21
37
26
(²)
89.2
86.9
98.7
103
313
16
30
505
393
41
34
37
1,810
491
15
514
471
58
147
8
35
11
47
14
788
832
(1)
(1)
1,579
1,783
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,007
1,239
(1)
938
1,001
860
987
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
69
29
(1)
(1)
71
96
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
25
(1)
19
19
43
25
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
80.7
(²)
(²)
(²)
58.9
77.5
(²)
(²)
(²)
77.9
77.6
(²)
90.3
89.9
103.0
69.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
879
47
278
3
64
94
920
(1)
894
(1)
988
798
26
(1)
50
(1)
76
57
79.6
(²)
78.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Dancers and choreographers…………………………
Musicians, singers, and related workers……………
Entertainers and performers, sports and related
workers, all other……………………………..
Announcers……………………………………………
News analysts, reporters and correspondents……
Public relations specialists……………………………
Editors…………………………………………………
Technical writers………………………………………
Writers and authors……………………………………
Miscellaneous media and communication workers…
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and
radio operators……………………... ………………
Photographers…………………………………………
Television, video, and motion picture camera
operators and editors…………………………………
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations……
Chiropractors……………………………………………
Dentists…………………………………………………
Dietitians and nutritionists……………………………
Optometrists……………………………………………
Pharmacists……………………………………………
Physicians and surgeons……………………………
Physician assistants……………………………………
Podiatrists………………………………………………
Registered nurses……………………………………
Audiologists……………………………………………
Occupational therapists………………………………
Physical therapists……………………………………
Radiation therapists……………………………………
Recreational therapists………………………………
Respiratory therapists…………………………………
Speech-language pathologists………………………
Therapists, all other……………………………………
Veterinarians……………………………………………
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners,
all other………………………………………………
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians…
Dental hygienists………………………………………
Diagnostic-related technologists and technicians…
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics…
Health-diagnosing and -treating practitioner
support technicians………………….. ………………
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses…
Medical records and health information
technicians……………………………………………
Opticians, dispensing…………………………………
Miscellaneous health technologists and
technicians……………………………………………
Other healthcare practitioners and technical
occupations……………………………………………
Service occupations…………………………………………
Healthcare support occupations…………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
12
32
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
14
31
63
110
134
47
80
37
(1)
(1)
$943
851
931
(1)
999
(1)
(1)
(1)
$99
140
35
(1)
23
(1)
7
10
27
70
59
25
46
25
(1)
(1)
(1)
$804
804
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$50
173
(1)
(1)
(1)
70
61
864
660
184
93
10
26
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
5,140
6
36
76
11
172
611
71
4
1,965
10
51
139
9
17
77
84
73
27
(1)
920
(1)
(1)
734
(1)
1,838
1,475
1,211
(1)
984
(1)
1,099
1,143
(1)
(1)
896
1,037
730
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
55
(1)
41
59
174
(1)
11
(1)
48
26
(1)
(1)
23
32
49
(1)
1
3,830
2
17
70
4
87
197
48
1
1,773
9
40
79
9
14
50
82
53
13
(1)
875
(1)
(1)
720
(1)
1,603
1,062
(1)
(1)
976
(1)
(1)
1,096
(1)
(1)
881
1,039
729
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
43
(1)
118
89
(1)
(1)
12
(1)
(1)
51
(1)
(1)
24
31
88
(1)
5
270
61
226
129
(1)
844
946
916
704
(1)
26
33
34
27
4
201
60
144
34
(1)
803
949
845
(1)
(1)
28
31
25
(1)
341
422
579
668
14
15
273
392
538
664
24
15
72
36
507
(1)
16
(1)
68
21
509
(1)
16
(1)
99
688
39
66
681
37
42
(1)
(1)
20
(1)
(1)
14,716
2,187
454
454
3
6
7,345
1,926
406
447
2
6
See footnotes at end of table.
16
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Dancers and choreographers…………………………
Musicians, singers, and related workers……………
Entertainers and performers, sports and related
workers, all other……………………………..
Announcers……………………………………………
News analysts, reporters and correspondents……
Public relations specialists……………………………
Editors…………………………………………………
Technical writers………………………………………
Writers and authors……………………………………
Miscellaneous media and communication workers…
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians
and radio operators……………………... …………
Photographers…………………………………………
Television, video, and motion picture camera
operators and editors…………………………………
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations……
Chiropractors……………………………………………
Dentists…………………………………………………
Dietitians and nutritionists……………………………
Optometrists……………………………………………
Pharmacists……………………………………………
Physicians and surgeons……………………………
Physician assistants……………………………………
Podiatrists………………………………………………
Registered nurses……………………………………
Audiologists……………………………………………
Occupational therapists………………………………
Physical therapists……………………………………
Radiation therapists……………………………………
Recreational therapists………………………………
Respiratory therapists…………………………………
Speech-language pathologists………………………
Therapists, all other……………………………………
Veterinarians……………………………………………
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners,
all other………………………………………………
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians…
Dental hygienists………………………………………
Diagnostic-related technologists and technicians…
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics…
Health-diagnosing and -treating practitioner
support technicians………………….. ………………
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses…
Medical records and health information
technicians……………………………………………
Opticians, dispensing…………………………………
Miscellaneous health technologists and
technicians……………………………………………
Other healthcare practitioners and technical
occupations……………………………………………
Service occupations…………………………………………
Healthcare support occupations…………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
5
22
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
7
21
36
39
75
22
34
12
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$979
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$46
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
82.1
(²)
(²)
(²)
60
35
893
(1)
336
(1)
(²)
(²)
24
1,310
4
19
6
7
84
413
22
3
192
1
11
60
2
27
2
21
14
(1)
1,156
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,887
1,796
(1)
(1)
1,098
(1)
(1)
1,247
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
33
122
(1)
(1)
57
(1)
(1)
65
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
75.7
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
84.9
59.1
(²)
(²)
88.9
(²)
(²)
87.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
1
68
1
83
95
(1)
1,049
(1)
1,050
751
(1)
88
(1)
43
69
(²)
76.5
(²)
80.5
(²)
68
30
687
(1)
49
(1)
78.3
(²)
4
15
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
33
(1)
(1)
(²)
22
(1)
(1)
(²)
7,371
261
515
522
4
21
78.8
85.6
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides………
Occupational therapist assistants and aides………
Physical therapist assistants and aides……………
Massage therapists……………………………………
Dental assistants………………………………………
Medical assistants and other healthcare support
occupations……………………………………………
Protective service occupations……………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional
officers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of police and
detectives………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and
prevention work………………………………………
Supervisors, protective service workers, all other…
Fire fighters……………………………………………
Fire inspectors…………………………………………
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers……………
Detectives and criminal investigators………………
Fish and game wardens………………………………
Parking enforcement workers…………………………
Police and sheriff's patrol officers……………………
Transit and railroad police……………………………
Animal control workers………………………………
Private detectives and investigators…………………
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers…
Crossing guards………………………………………
Lifeguards and other protective service workers……
Food preparation and serving related occupations……
Chefs and head cooks…………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of food
preparation and serving workers……………………
Cooks……………………………………………………
Food preparation workers……………………………
Bartenders………………………………………………
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food…………………………………
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession,
and coffee shop………………………………………
Waiters and waitresses………………………………
Food servers, nonrestaurant…………………………
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and
bartender helpers…………………... ………………
Dishwashers……………………………………………
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and
coffee shop……………………………………………
Food preparation and serving related workers,
all other………………………………………………
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of
housekeeping and janitorial workers………………
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping,
lawn service, and groundskeeping workers………
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
1,344
7
42
36
169
$423
(1)
(1)
(1)
508
$5
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
1,174
6
26
33
155
$416
(1)
(1)
(1)
508
$5
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
589
2,736
490
719
8
11
531
560
487
588
7
14
41
(1)
(1)
10
(1)
(1)
124
1,067
139
20
(1)
(1)
59
91
266
14
437
134
6
10
655
6
8
64
750
13
58
4,107
290
1,197
758
901
(1)
648
1,066
(1)
(1)
891
(1)
(1)
696
510
(1)
410
385
518
183
34
45
(1)
21
45
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
35
10
(1)
30
3
11
6
23
14
1
132
30
1
7
86
2
3
17
172
7
29
2,037
53
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
578
(1)
(1)
(1)
791
(1)
(1)
(1)
465
(1)
(1)
363
482
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
59
(1)
(1)
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
5
22
449
1,263
322
212
491
365
349
479
11
5
9
22
258
448
198
104
423
341
335
404
15
9
12
21
145
340
21
99
358
18
91
865
95
305
380
415
7
7
16
55
592
67
299
360
401
8
9
20
156
150
356
316
23
7
67
38
345
(1)
26
(1)
63
366
30
56
363
31
6
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
3,520
422
4
1,230
376
5
180
586
23
54
481
26
105
718
48
6
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
18
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides………
Occupational therapist assistants and aides………
Physical therapist assistants and aides……………
Massage therapists……………………………………
Dental assistants………………………………………
Medical assistants and other healthcare support
occupations……………………………………………
Protective service occupations……………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional
officers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of police and
detectives………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and
prevention work………………………………………
Supervisors, protective service workers, all other…
Fire fighters……………………………………………
Fire inspectors…………………………………………
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers……………
Detectives and criminal investigators………………
Fish and game wardens………………………………
Parking enforcement workers…………………………
Police and sheriff's patrol officers……………………
Transit and railroad police……………………………
Animal control workers………………………………
Private detectives and investigators…………………
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers…
Crossing guards………………………………………
Lifeguards and other protective service workers……
Food preparation and serving related occupations……
Chefs and head cooks…………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of food
preparation and serving workers……………………
Cooks……………………………………………………
Food preparation workers……………………………
Bartenders………………………………………………
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food…………………………………
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession,
and coffee shop………………………………………
Waiters and waitresses………………………………
Food servers, nonrestaurant…………………………
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and
bartender helpers…………………... ………………
Dishwashers……………………………………………
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and
coffee shop……………………………………………
Food preparation and serving related workers,
all other………………………………………………
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of
housekeeping and janitorial workers………………
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping,
lawn service, and groundskeeping workers………
See footnotes at end of table.
19
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
170
16
4
14
$500
(1)
(1)
(1)
$21
(1)
(1)
(1)
83.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
58
2,175
575
754
39
11
84.7
78.0
31
(1)
(1)
(²)
105
1,084
122
(²)
53
68
252
14
304
104
4
4
568
4
5
46
579
6
29
2,070
236
1,119
876
919
(1)
686
1,121
(1)
(1)
907
(1)
(1)
(1)
524
(1)
(1)
403
535
206
268
48
(1)
21
96
(1)
(1)
37
(1)
(1)
(1)
13
(1)
(1)
4
39
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
84.3
(²)
(²)
(²)
87.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
88.7
(²)
(²)
90.1
90.1
191
815
124
108
586
377
367
551
17
6
13
36
72.2
90.5
91.3
73.3
46
(1)
(1)
(²)
36
274
29
(1)
415
(1)
(1)
11
(1)
(²)
86.7
(²)
89
111
370
314
33
8
93.2
(²)
7
(1)
(1)
(²)
4
(1)
(1)
(²)
2,290
472
7
79.7
126
646
37
74.5
99
732
27
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
1,444
849
68
874
2,166
$434
366
516
420
434
$10
7
17
6
10
416
717
3
34
1,593
$388
357
(1)
(1)
402
$7
7
(1)
(1)
6
97
728
36
32
(1)
(1)
50
8
48
88
3
11
605
(1)
(1)
627
(1)
(1)
67
(1)
(1)
29
(1)
(1)
30
3
39
36
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
62
3
48
309
129
53
20
96
445
433
164
48
51
416
(1)
(1)
425
429
522
(1)
595
368
380
523
(1)
489
24
(1)
(1)
20
30
22
(1)
36
11
10
45
(1)
19
26
1
15
278
98
9
9
71
408
379
96
32
28
(1)
(1)
(1)
409
402
(1)
(1)
557
360
373
513
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
24
(1)
(1)
27
11
8
30
(1)
(1)
Sales and office occupations………………………………… 25,702
Sales and related occupations…………………………… 10,448
First-line supervisors/managers of retail
salesworkers…………………………………………
2,352
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail
salesworkers………………. …………………………
865
Cashiers………………………………………………… 1,459
Counter and rental clerks……………………………
95
122
Parts salespersons……………………………………
Retail salespersons…………………………………… 2,034
Advertising sales agents………………………………
185
Insurance sales agents………………………………
357
Securities, commodities, and financial services
sales agents…………………………………………
307
Travel agents……………………………………………
79
Sales representatives, services, all other……………
485
Sales representatives, wholesale and
manufacturing………………………………………… 1,228
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters……
21
Real estate brokers and sales agents………………
504
Sales engineers………………………………………
38
110
Telemarketers…………………………………………
Door-to-door salesworkers, news and street
vendors, and related workers………………………
55
Sales and related workers, all other…………………
152
598
643
2
7
15,976
4,675
550
493
3
5
647
9
1,004
538
13
928
356
504
598
513
741
747
20
4
17
22
8
40
16
278
1,074
45
21
841
110
189
768
344
(1)
(1)
409
683
644
26
4
(1)
(1)
6
25
30
1,128
649
854
91
68
36
100
60
164
1,031
670
713
74
61
40
933
(1)
851
(1)
407
15
(1)
46
(1)
12
327
14
263
4
60
784
(1)
701
(1)
391
26
(1)
44
(1)
17
464
736
45
35
29
91
(1)
682
(1)
48
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Janitors and building cleaners………………………
Maids and housekeeping cleaners…………………
Pest control workers……………………………………
Grounds maintenance workers………………………
Personal care and service occupations…………………
First-line supervisors/managers of gaming
workers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of personal
service workers…………….. ………………………
Animal trainers…………………………………………
Nonfarm animal caretakers……………………………
Gaming services workers……………………………
Motion picture projectionists…………………………
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers…………
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and
related workers………………………………………
Funeral service workers………………………………
Barbers…………………………………………………
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists………
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers………
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges…………
Tour and travel guides…………………………………
Transportation attendants……………………………
Childcare workers………………………………………
Personal and home care aides………………………
Recreation and fitness workers………………………
Residential advisors……………………………………
Personal care and service workers, all other………
See footnotes at end of table.
20
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Janitors and building cleaners………………………
Maids and housekeeping cleaners…………………
Pest control workers……………………………………
Grounds maintenance workers………………………
Personal care and service occupations…………………
First-line supervisors/managers of gaming
workers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of personal
service workers…………….. ………………………
Animal trainers…………………………………………
Nonfarm animal caretakers……………………………
Gaming services workers……………………………
Motion picture projectionists…………………………
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers…………
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and
related workers………………………………………
Funeral service workers………………………………
Barbers…………………………………………………
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists………
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers………
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges…………
Tour and travel guides…………………………………
Transportation attendants……………………………
Childcare workers………………………………………
Personal and home care aides………………………
Recreation and fitness workers………………………
Residential advisors……………………………………
Personal care and service workers, all other………
1,028
132
65
840
574
$475
439
518
421
578
$9
23
16
6
18
81.7
81.3
(²)
(²)
69.6
65
805
43
(²)
20
5
9
51
3
8
(1)
(1)
(1)
655
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
37
2
33
31
31
44
11
25
38
55
68
16
24
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
434
626
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
67
274
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
85.9
81.9
(²)
(²)
Sales and office occupations…………………………………
Sales and related occupations……………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of retail
salesworkers…………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail
salesworkers………………. …………………………
Cashiers…………………………………………………
Counter and rental clerks……………………………
Parts salespersons……………………………………
Retail salespersons……………………………………
Advertising sales agents………………………………
Insurance sales agents………………………………
Securities, commodities, and financial services
sales agents…………………………………………
Travel agents……………………………………………
Sales representatives, services, all other……………
Sales representatives, wholesale and
manufacturing…………………………………………
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters……
Real estate brokers and sales agents………………
Sales engineers………………………………………
Telemarketers…………………………………………
Door-to-door salesworkers, news and street
vendors, and related workers………………………
Sales and related workers, all other…………………
9,725
5,773
714
791
6
11
77.0
62.3
1,349
746
11
72.1
587
385
50
101
1,193
74
168
990
409
567
638
638
900
959
35
14
43
26
16
39
40
77.6
84.1
(²)
(²)
64.1
75.9
67.2
208
18
321
1,243
(1)
939
184
(1)
23
82.9
(²)
75.9
900
7
241
34
50
976
(1)
1,027
(1)
422
24
(1)
62
(1)
16
80.3
(²)
68.3
(²)
92.7
26
62
(1)
851
(1)
59
(²)
80.1
See footnotes at end of table.
21
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Office and administrative support occupations………… 15,253
First-line supervisors/managers of office and
administrative support workers……………………
1,396
Switchboard operators, including answering
service…………………………………………………
32
Telephone operators…………………………………
35
Communications equipment operators, all other……
4
Bill and account collectors……………………………
190
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators…
365
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks………
964
Gaming cage workers…………………………………
11
Payroll and timekeeping clerks………………………
156
Procurement clerks……………………………………
23
Tellers……………………………………………………
342
Brokerage clerks………………………………………
6
Correspondence clerks………………………………
7
Court, municipal, and license clerks…………………
92
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks……………
44
Customer service representatives…………………… 1,570
Eligibility interviewers, government programs………
68
File clerks………………………………………………
279
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks…………………
97
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan………………
107
Library assistants, clerical……………………………
44
Loan interviewers and clerks…………………………
122
New accounts clerks…………………………………
15
Order clerks……………………………………………
95
Human resources assistants, except payroll and
timekeeping……………………………………………
43
Receptionists and information clerks………………… 1,019
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and
travel clerks…………... ………………………………
130
Information and record clerks, all other………………
87
Cargo and freight agents………………………………
18
Couriers and messengers……………………………
191
Dispatchers……………………………………………
265
Meter readers, utilities…………………………………
36
Postal service clerks…………………………………
151
Postal service mail carriers……………………………
315
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and
processing machine operators………………………
81
Production, planning, and expediting clerks…………
240
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks………………
468
Stock clerks and order fillers…………………………
1,067
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers,
recordkeeping…………………………………………
53
Secretaries and administrative assistants…………
2,668
Computer operators……………………………………
145
Data entry keyers………………………………………
381
180
Word processors and typists…………………………
3
Desktop publishers……………………………………
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks……
246
Mail clerks and mail machine operators,
except postal service…………………………………
101
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$581
$2
711
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
11,301
$570
$3
13
990
675
13
(1)
(1)
(1)
537
560
606
(1)
652
(1)
455
(1)
(1)
623
(1)
541
661
525
406
560
(1)
639
(1)
542
(1)
(1)
(1)
27
21
7
(1)
44
(1)
10
(1)
(1)
24
(1)
11
61
16
15
26
(1)
25
(1)
31
28
23
1
118
327
859
9
142
14
304
3
6
74
39
1,085
54
222
64
90
38
103
13
68
(1)
(1)
(1)
521
560
601
(1)
636
(1)
457
(1)
(1)
626
(1)
521
619
519
396
550
(1)
633
(1)
529
(1)
(1)
(1)
20
21
7
(1)
41
(1)
10
(1)
(1)
27
(1)
6
30
11
14
23
(1)
22
(1)
33
(1)
482
(1)
6
35
940
(1)
480
(1)
6
564
597
(1)
707
602
(1)
831
896
35
20
(1)
46
22
(1)
56
17
71
80
5
24
143
4
76
105
565
586
(1)
(1)
551
(1)
850
799
36
18
(1)
(1)
40
(1)
51
37
832
746
508
445
70
25
9
13
36
128
150
383
(1)
658
500
441
(1)
27
12
17
513
599
595
519
585
(1)
571
22
5
19
9
17
(1)
20
30
2,578
71
302
164
1
214
(1)
597
562
521
586
(1)
559
(1)
4
35
10
17
(1)
24
516
15
51
523
21
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Office and administrative support occupations…………
First-line supervisors/managers of office and
administrative support workers……………………
Switchboard operators, including answering
service…………………………………………………
Telephone operators…………………………………
Communications equipment operators, all other……
Bill and account collectors……………………………
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators…
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks………
Gaming cage workers…………………………………
Payroll and timekeeping clerks………………………
Procurement clerks……………………………………
Tellers……………………………………………………
Brokerage clerks………………………………………
Correspondence clerks………………………………
Court, municipal, and license clerks…………………
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks……………
Customer service representatives……………………
Eligibility interviewers, government programs………
File clerks………………………………………………
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks…………………
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan………………
Library assistants, clerical……………………………
Loan interviewers and clerks…………………………
New accounts clerks…………………………………
Order clerks……………………………………………
Human resources assistants, except payroll and
timekeeping……………………………………………
Receptionists and information clerks…………………
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and
travel clerks…………... ………………………………
Information and record clerks, all other………………
Cargo and freight agents………………………………
Couriers and messengers……………………………
Dispatchers……………………………………………
Meter readers, utilities…………………………………
Postal service clerks…………………………………
Postal service mail carriers……………………………
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and
processing machine operators………………………
Production, planning, and expediting clerks…………
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks………………
Stock clerks and order fillers…………………………
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers,
recordkeeping…………………………………………
Secretaries and administrative assistants…………
Computer operators……………………………………
Data entry keyers………………………………………
Word processors and typists…………………………
Desktop publishers……………………………………
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks……
Mail clerks and mail machine operators,
except postal service…………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
23
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
3,952
$619
$6
92.1
406
803
26
84.1
3
12
4
72
39
105
2
14
9
37
2
1
17
5
485
14
57
33
17
6
19
2
27
(1)
(1)
(1)
586
(1)
666
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
608
(1)
574
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
32
(1)
37
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
16
(1)
44
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
88.9
(²)
90.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
85.7
(²)
90.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
8
79
(1)
503
(1)
23
(²)
95.4
59
7
13
167
122
32
75
209
562
(1)
(1)
720
649
(1)
812
929
74
(1)
(1)
56
33
(1)
37
15
100.5
(²)
(²)
(²)
84.9
(²)
104.7
86.0
45
112
318
684
(1)
885
514
448
(1)
64
12
18
(²)
74.4
97.3
98.4
24
90
74
80
16
2
32
(1)
694
628
511
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
45
55
17
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
86.0
89.5
102.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
50
509
22
102.8
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Office clerks, general…………………………………
748
Office machine operators, except computer………
31
10
Proofreaders and copy markers………………………
Statistical assistants……………………………………
20
Office and administrative support workers, all
other……………………………………………………
490
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations………………………………………………… 12,486
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations………………
739
First-line supervisors/managers of farming,
and forestry workers…………………………………
39
Agricultural inspectors…………………………………
10
Animal breeders………………………………………
1
Graders and sorters, agricultural products…………
70
Miscellaneous agricultural workers…………………
546
Fishers and related fishing workers…………………
7
Hunters and trappers…………………………………
1
Forest and conservation workers……………………
6
Logging workers………………………………………
59
Construction and extraction occupations………………… 7,227
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction workers ………
678
Boilermakers……………………………………………
20
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons……
170
Carpenters……………………………………………… 1,182
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers………
153
Cement masons, concrete finishers and
terrazzo workers………………………………………
86
Construction laborers…………………………………
1,374
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment
operators………………………………………………
27
Pile-driver operators……………………………………
5
Operating engineers and other construction
equipment operators…………………………………
376
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers…
189
Electricians……………………………………………
777
Glaziers…………………………………………………
44
Insulation workers………………………………………
49
Painters, construction and maintenance……………
435
Paperhangers…………………………………………
2
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters…
584
Plasterers and stucco masons………………………
63
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers…………………
7
Roofers…………………………………………………
190
Sheet metal workers…………………………………
123
Structural iron and steel workers……………………
71
Helpers, construction trades…………………………
91
Construction and building inspectors………………
92
Elevator installers and repairers………………………
31
28
Fence erectors…………………………………………
21
Hazardous materials removal workers………………
Highway maintenance workers………………………
102
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment
operators………………………………………………
11
See footnotes at end of table.
24
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$556
(1)
(1)
(1)
$14
(1)
(1)
(1)
625
19
9
16
$550
(1)
(1)
(1)
$14
(1)
(1)
(1)
650
13
366
634
14
670
372
4
7
457
138
539
348
21
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
398
352
(1)
(1)
(1)
471
646
(1)
(1)
(1)
21
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
43
6
4
3
45
86
1
156
(1)
(1)
(1)
332
(1)
573
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
(1)
22
901
(1)
609
615
511
27
(1)
25
8
16
15
4
20
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
527
514
26
6
3
24
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
765
511
805
(1)
(1)
515
(1)
721
513
(1)
550
790
870
434
906
(1)
(1)
(1)
621
24
13
22
(1)
(1)
10
(1)
25
18
(1)
29
44
67
64
34
(1)
(1)
(1)
29
12
10
14
1
15
1
5
1
6
2
9
1
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Office clerks, general…………………………………
123
Office machine operators, except computer………
12
Proofreaders and copy markers………………………
1
Statistical assistants……………………………………
4
Office and administrative support workers, all
other……………………………………………………
125
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations………………………………………………… 12,028
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations………………
601
First-line supervisors/managers of farming,
and forestry workers…………………………………
35
Agricultural inspectors…………………………………
7
Animal breeders………………………………………
1
Graders and sorters, agricultural products…………
25
Miscellaneous agricultural workers…………………
461
Fishers and related fishing workers…………………
7
Hunters and trappers…………………………………
Forest and conservation workers……………………
6
Logging workers………………………………………
58
Construction and extraction occupations………………… 7,071
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction workers ………
663
Boilermakers……………………………………………
20
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons……
165
Carpenters……………………………………………… 1,162
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers………
148
Cement masons, concrete finishers and
terrazzo workers………………………………………
83
Construction laborers…………………………………
1,351
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment
operators………………………………………………
26
Pile-driver operators……………………………………
5
Operating engineers and other construction
equipment operators…………………………………
364
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers…
179
Electricians……………………………………………
764
Glaziers…………………………………………………
44
Insulation workers………………………………………
48
Painters, construction and maintenance……………
420
Paperhangers…………………………………………
2
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters…
579
Plasterers and stucco masons………………………
63
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers…………………
7
Roofers…………………………………………………
188
Sheet metal workers…………………………………
118
Structural iron and steel workers……………………
70
Helpers, construction trades…………………………
89
Construction and building inspectors………………
83
Elevator installers and repairers………………………
31
28
Fence erectors…………………………………………
19
Hazardous materials removal workers………………
102
Highway maintenance workers………………………
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment
operators………………………………………………
11
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$584
(1)
(1)
(1)
$27
(1)
(1)
(1)
94.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
719
45
88.2
674
382
4
9
80.0
91.1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
357
(1)
(1)
469
648
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
41
6
(²)
(²)
(²)
93.0
88.4
906
(1)
608
615
515
26
(1)
27
8
16
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
530
514
27
6
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
-
772
509
804
(1)
(1)
515
(1)
720
513
(1)
553
786
867
432
906
(1)
(1)
(1)
623
24
13
22
(1)
(1)
10
(1)
25
18
(1)
29
43
70
58
37
(1)
(1)
(1)
29
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
-
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners……
Miscellaneous construction and related workers……
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators,
oil, gas, and mining…………………………………
Earth drillers, except oil and gas……………………
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts,
and blasters……………………………………………
Mining machine operators……………………………
Roof bolters, mining……………………………………
Roustabouts, oil and gas………………………………
Helpers--extraction workers…………………………
Other extraction workers………………………………
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations………
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics,
installers, and repairers………………………………
Computer, automated teller, and office machine
repairers………………………………………………
Radio and telecommunications equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Avionics technicians……………………………………
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers……
Electrical and electronics installers and
repairers, transportation……………………………
Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial
and utility………………………………………………
Electronic equipment installers and repairers,
motor vehicles…………………………………………
Electronic home entertainment equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Security and fire alarm systems installers…………
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians…………
Automotive body and related repairers………………
Automotive glass installers and repairers……………
Automotive service technicians and mechanics……
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine
specialists……………………………………………
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service
technicians and mechanics…………………………
Small engine mechanics………………………………
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers………………
Control and valve installers and repairers…………
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers……………………………
Home appliance repairers……………………………
Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics……
Maintenance and repair workers, general…………
Maintenance workers, machinery……………………
Millwrights………………………………………………
Electrical power-line installers and repairers………
Telecommunications line installers and repairers…
Precision instrument and equipment repairers……
Coin, vending, and amusement machine
servicers and repairers………………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
4
34
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
42
30
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
4
59
3
5
7
57
4,520
(1)
$954
(1)
(1)
(1)
777
749
(1)
$41
(1)
(1)
(1)
40
6
1
1
163
(1)
(1)
$726
(1)
(1)
$23
324
960
40
18
(1)
(1)
251
751
24
34
(1)
(1)
182
13
24
927
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
25
3
-
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
-
4
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
14
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
26
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
48
59
128
119
11
670
(1)
739
889
620
(1)
655
(1)
26
44
33
(1)
24
2
2
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
332
698
16
4
(1)
(1)
226
45
803
(1)
21
(1)
2
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
70
20
508
(1)
30
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
345
34
393
444
53
74
98
212
44
728
(1)
798
694
700
897
1,008
843
(1)
22
(1)
23
16
49
51
37
52
(1)
3
1
12
12
1
1
11
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
50
685
23
7
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners……
Miscellaneous construction and related workers……
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators,
oil, gas, and mining…………………………………
Earth drillers, except oil and gas……………………
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts,
and blasters……………………………………………
Mining machine operators……………………………
Roof bolters, mining……………………………………
Roustabouts, oil and gas………………………………
Helpers--extraction workers…………………………
Other extraction workers………………………………
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations………
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics,
installers, and repairers………………………………
Computer, automated teller, and office machine
repairers………………………………………………
Radio and telecommunications equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Avionics technicians……………………………………
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers……
Electrical and electronics installers and
repairers, transportation……………………………
Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial
and utility………………………………………………
Electronic equipment installers and repairers,
motor vehicles…………………………………………
Electronic home entertainment equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Security and fire alarm systems installers…………
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians…………
Automotive body and related repairers………………
Automotive glass installers and repairers……………
Automotive service technicians and mechanics……
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine
specialists……………………………………………
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service
technicians and mechanics…………………………
Small engine mechanics………………………………
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers………………
Control and valve installers and repairers…………
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers……………………………
Home appliance repairers……………………………
Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics……
Maintenance and repair workers, general…………
Maintenance workers, machinery……………………
Millwrights………………………………………………
Electrical power-line installers and repairers………
Telecommunications line installers and repairers…
Precision instrument and equipment repairers……
Coin, vending, and amusement machine
servicers and repairers………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
27
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
4
33
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
42
29
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
3
57
3
5
7
56
4,357
(1)
$961
(1)
(1)
(1)
769
750
(1)
$40
(1)
(1)
(1)
54
7
(²)
(²)
96.8
306
961
40
(²)
217
777
28
(²)
157
10
24
923
(1)
(1)
28
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
-
4
(1)
(1)
-
14
(1)
(1)
-
25
(1)
(1)
(²)
48
59
126
117
11
667
(1)
739
895
623
(1)
656
(1)
43
33
37
(1)
24
(²)
(²)
(²)
328
697
16
(²)
224
44
802
(1)
22
(1)
(²)
(²)
70
19
506
(1)
30
(1)
(²)
342
33
381
432
52
73
98
201
38
729
(1)
798
694
703
902
1,007
849
(1)
23
(1)
22
16
49
51
38
50
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
43
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Commercial divers……………………………………
Locksmiths and safe repairers………………………
Manufactured building and mobile home installers…
Riggers…………………………………………………
Signal and track switch repairers……………………
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Other installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
7
20
9
6
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
21
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
134
$618
$32
10
(1)
(1)
577
581
3
4
3,338
2,396
$437
443
$5
6
824
19
150
615
21
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
488
(1)
(1)
524
433
17
(1)
(1)
12
36
114
3
2
362
69
447
(1)
(1)
460
404
20
(1)
(1)
16
14
495
16
57
406
12
(1)
493
(1)
780
(1)
36
(1)
52
2
41
2
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
563
36
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
700
(1)
(1)
19
(1)
1
22
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
580
33
12
(1)
(1)
Production, transportation, and material-moving
occupations………………………………………………… 15,289
Production occupations……………………………………
8,389
First-line supervisors/managers of production
and operating workers………………………………
876
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems
assemblers……………………………………………
8
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers……………………………………………
200
Engine and other machine assemblers………………
15
Structural metal fabricators and fitters………………
31
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators…………
951
Bakers…………………………………………………
134
Butchers and other meat-, poultry-, and fishprocessing workers…………………………………
240
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying
machine operators and tenders……………………
11
Food batchmakers……………………………………
74
Food cooking machine operators and tenders……
5
Computer control programmers and operators……
55
Extruding and drawing machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
17
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic………………………………………
9
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic………………………………………
13
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
120
Drilling and boring machine tool setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
2
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine
tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
49
plastic…………………………………………………
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
13
Milling and planing machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
3
Machinists………………………………………………
406
Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders………
23
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and
plastic…………………………………………………
12
Molders and molding machine setters,
73
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Commercial divers……………………………………
Locksmiths and safe repairers………………………
Manufactured building and mobile home installers…
Riggers…………………………………………………
Signal and track switch repairers……………………
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Other installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
7
20
9
5
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
-
19
(1)
(1)
(²)
124
$620
$32
(²)
616
641
3
6
70.9
69.1
864
17
71.2
(1)
(1)
(²)
543
(1)
(1)
587
498
27
(1)
(1)
16
19
82.3
(²)
(²)
78.4
81.1
558
34
72.8
(1)
(1)
(1)
798
(1)
(1)
(1)
51
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
577
42
(²)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
706
(1)
(1)
19
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
-
618
30
(²)
Production, transportation, and material-moving
occupations………………………………………………… 11,951
Production occupations……………………………………
5,992
First-line supervisors/managers of production
and operating workers………………………………
726
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems
assemblers……………………………………………
7
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers……………………………………………
86
Engine and other machine assemblers………………
12
Structural metal fabricators and fitters………………
29
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators…………
588
Bakers…………………………………………………
65
Butchers and other meat-, poultry-, and fishprocessing workers…………………………………
183
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying
machine operators and tenders……………………
9
Food batchmakers……………………………………
33
Food cooking machine operators and tenders……
3
51
Computer control programmers and operators……
Extruding and drawing machine setters,
16
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders,
7
metal and plastic………………………………………
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders,
8
metal and plastic………………………………………
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters,
101
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Drilling and boring machine tool setters,
2
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine
tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
42
plastic…………………………………………………
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators,
12
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Milling and planing machine setters, operators,
2
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
384
Machinists………………………………………………
21
Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders………
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and
11
plastic…………………………………………………
Molders and molding machine setters,
61
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
See footnotes at end of table.
29
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Tool and die makers……………………………………
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers……………
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic…………………
Plating and coating machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners…………………
Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other…………
Bookbinders and bindery workers……………………
Job printers……………………………………………
Prepress technicians and workers……………………
Printing machine operators……………………………
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers……………………
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials…
Sewing machine operators……………………………
Shoe and leather workers and repairers……………
Shoe machine operators and tenders………………
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers……………………
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators
and tenders…………………………………………
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine
setters, operators, and tenders……………………
Fabric and apparel patternmakers……………………
Upholsterers……………………………………………
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other…
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters………………
Furniture finishers………………………………………
Model makers and patternmakers, wood……………
Sawing machine setters, operators, and
tenders, wood…………………………………………
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and
tenders, except sawing……………………………..
Woodworkers, all other………………………………
Power plant operators, distributors, and
dispatchers……………………………………………
Stationary engineers and boiler operators…………
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and
system operators……………………………………
Miscellaneous plant and system operators…………
Chemical-processing machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and
blending workers……………………………………
Cutting workers…………………………………………
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
5
75
536
(1)
$918
607
(1)
$29
12
1
3
37
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
15
5
422
43
34
51
180
176
50
226
6
10
54
(1)
(1)
551
(1)
(1)
538
613
380
344
361
(1)
(1)
453
(1)
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
73
25
22
17
13
(1)
(1)
38
2
1
123
15
4
26
26
98
33
179
1
5
34
(1)
(1)
$482
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
340
(1)
359
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$23
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
13
(1)
13
(1)
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
11
(1)
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
23
6
34
11
67
11
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
598
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
21
(1)
(1)
14
6
2
2
6
3
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
54
483
25
5
(1)
(1)
25
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
47
88
(1)
752
(1)
34
4
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
74
40
722
(1)
39
(1)
5
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
44
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
(1)
103
84
607
527
27
28
10
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
30
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Tool and die makers……………………………………
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers……………
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic…………………
Plating and coating machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners…………………
Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other…………
Bookbinders and bindery workers……………………
Job printers……………………………………………
Prepress technicians and workers……………………
Printing machine operators……………………………
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers……………………
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials…
Sewing machine operators……………………………
Shoe and leather workers and repairers……………
Shoe machine operators and tenders………………
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers……………………
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators
and tenders…………………………………………
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine
setters, operators, and tenders……………………
Fabric and apparel patternmakers……………………
Upholsterers……………………………………………
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other…
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters………………
Furniture finishers………………………………………
Model makers and patternmakers, wood……………
Sawing machine setters, operators, and
tenders, wood…………………………………………
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and
tenders, except sawing……………………………..
Woodworkers, all other………………………………
Power plant operators, distributors, and
dispatchers……………………………………………
Stationary engineers and boiler operators…………
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and
system operators……………………………………
Miscellaneous plant and system operators…………
Chemical-processing machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and
blending workers……………………………………
Cutting workers…………………………………………
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
See footnotes at end of table.
31
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
4
72
499
(1)
$923
618
(1)
$42
12
(²)
(²)
(²)
9
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
-
14
4
299
28
30
25
153
78
17
47
5
5
20
(1)
(1)
588
(1)
(1)
(1)
657
496
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
(1)
(1)
(1)
55
20
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
82.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
68.5
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
4
(1)
(1)
(²)
5
(1)
(1)
(²)
2
(1)
(1)
(²)
8
32
9
61
7
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
607
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
-
49
(1)
(1)
(²)
19
18
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
43
86
(1)
757
(1)
34
(²)
(²)
69
35
731
(1)
24
(1)
(²)
(²)
37
(1)
(1)
(²)
94
63
604
546
28
25
(²)
(²)
22
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and
weighers………………………………………………
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers…
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory
technicians……………………………………………
Packaging and filling machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Painting workers………………………………………
Photographic process workers and processing
machine operators……………………………………
Semiconductor processors……………………………
Cementing and gluing machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling
equipment operators and tenders…………………
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Etchers and engravers…………………………………
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal
and plastic……………………………………………
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Tire builders……………………………………………
Helpers--production workers…………………………
Production workers, all other…………………………
Transportation and material-moving occupations………
Supervisors, transportation and material-moving
workers…………………………………………………
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers……………………
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations
specialists……………………………………………
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except
emergency medical technicians……………………
Busdrivers………………………………………………
Driver/salesworkers and truck drivers………………
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs……………………………
Motor vehicle operators, all other……………………
Locomotive engineers and operators………………
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators………
Railroad conductors and yardmasters………………
Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation
workers…………………………………………………
Sailors and marine oilers………………………………
Ship and boat captains and operators………………
Ship engineers…………………………………………
Bridge and lock tenders………………………………
Parking lot attendants…………………………………
Service station attendants……………………………
Transportation inspectors……………………………
Other transportation workers…………………………
Conveyor operators and tenders……………………
Crane and tower operators……………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
12
(1)
(1)
3
(1)
(1)
687
21
$625
(1)
$16
(1)
268
6
$506
(1)
$14
(1)
77
504
25
38
(1)
(1)
264
168
430
576
15
25
138
16
396
(1)
13
(1)
50
4
437
(1)
28
(1)
25
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
17
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
12
(1)
(1)
3
(1)
(1)
5
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
27
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
48
16
36
912
6,900
(1)
(1)
(1)
540
570
(1)
(1)
(1)
13
6
14
2
6
276
942
(1)
(1)
(1)
445
424
(1)
(1)
(1)
20
8
203
95
811
1,358
52
58
39
4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
(1)
10
(1)
(1)
14
365
2,772
217
37
54
7
51
(1)
507
665
501
(1)
1,157
(1)
912
(1)
10
10
17
(1)
101
(1)
110
3
178
113
28
4
2
2
(1)
476
499
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
17
16
38
3
3
71
63
41
18
7
55
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
410
404
(1)
(1)
(1)
715
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
16
(1)
(1)
(1)
51
1
1
6
6
5
2
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
See footnotes at end of table.
32
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and
weighers………………………………………………
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers…
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory
technicians……………………………………………
Packaging and filling machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Painting workers………………………………………
Photographic process workers and processing
machine operators……………………………………
Semiconductor processors……………………………
Cementing and gluing machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling
equipment operators and tenders…………………
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Etchers and engravers…………………………………
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal
and plastic……………………………………………
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Tire builders……………………………………………
Helpers--production workers…………………………
Production workers, all other…………………………
Transportation and material-moving occupations………
Supervisors, transportation and material-moving
workers…………………………………………………
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers……………………
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations
specialists……………………………………………
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except
emergency medical technicians……………………
Busdrivers………………………………………………
Driver/salesworkers and truck drivers………………
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs……………………………
Motor vehicle operators, all other……………………
Locomotive engineers and operators………………
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators………
Railroad conductors and yardmasters………………
Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation
workers…………………………………………………
Sailors and marine oilers………………………………
Ship and boat captains and operators………………
Ship engineers…………………………………………
Bridge and lock tenders………………………………
Parking lot attendants…………………………………
Service station attendants……………………………
Transportation inspectors……………………………
Other transportation workers…………………………
Conveyor operators and tenders……………………
Crane and tower operators……………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
33
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
9
(1)
(1)
(²)
419
15
$735
(1)
$18
(1)
68.8
(²)
38
(1)
(1)
(²)
126
153
493
590
26
22
80.3
(²)
25
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
9
(1)
(1)
(²)
9
(1)
(1)
(²)
4
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
24
(1)
(1)
(²)
34
15
29
636
5,959
(1)
(1)
(1)
583
596
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
4
(²)
(²)
(²)
76.3
71.1
164
92
836
1,381
22
171
(²)
(²)
21
(1)
(1)
(²)
11
187
2,658
189
32
51
7
49
(1)
540
672
518
(1)
1,184
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
10
17
(1)
137
(1)
(1)
(²)
88.1
74.3
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
16
14
38
3
3
64
57
36
17
7
55
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
422
411
(1)
(1)
(1)
716
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
17
(1)
(1)
(1)
51
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
-
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2007 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine
operators………………………………………………
Hoist and winch operators……………………………
Industrial truck and tractor operators…………………
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment…………………
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand……………………………………………………
Machine feeders and offbearers……………………
Packers and packagers, hand………………………
Pumping station operators……………………………
Refuse and recyclable material collectors…………
Shuttle car operators…………………………………
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders……………………
Material moving workers, all other……………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
44
6
532
233
(1)
(1)
$519
405
(1)
(1)
$8
11
2
29
33
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,428
23
335
17
60
2
4
36
474
(1)
374
(1)
517
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
10
(1)
34
(1)
(1)
(1)
233
10
221
3
1
4
$418
(1)
362
(1)
(1)
(1)
$12
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
34
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine
operators………………………………………………
Hoist and winch operators……………………………
Industrial truck and tractor operators…………………
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment…………………
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand……………………………………………………
Machine feeders and offbearers……………………
Packers and packagers, hand………………………
Pumping station operators……………………………
Refuse and recyclable material collectors…………
Shuttle car operators…………………………………
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders……………………
Material moving workers, all other……………………
1
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
44
4
503
200
(1)
(1)
$522
413
(1)
(1)
$10
11
(²)
(²)
(²)
1,195
13
114
17
58
1
4
32
486
(1)
414
(1)
525
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
23
(1)
33
(1)
(1)
(1)
86.0
(²)
87.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
Data not shown where base for either the numerator or the denominator is less than 50,000.
NOTE: Dash indicates data not available or does not meet publication standards.
2
35
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by State
and sex, 2007 annual averages
Both sexes
State
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
UNITED STATES..................... 107,339
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$695
$2
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
47,041
$614
$2
Alabama.......................................
Alaska..........................................
Arizona.........................................
Arkansas......................................
California......................................
1,602
229
2,260
977
12,329
608
821
659
590
748
9
16
12
9
6
733
98
949
446
5,149
517
692
610
514
700
10
17
10
12
8
Colorado......................................
Connecticut..................................
Delaware......................................
District of Columbia......................
Florida..........................................
1,857
1,265
337
248
6,622
757
862
730
881
649
12
20
14
26
7
786
551
158
127
3,075
692
759
636
843
594
15
18
22
17
6
Georgia........................................
Hawaii..........................................
Idaho............................................
Illinois...........................................
Indiana.........................................
3,643
463
515
4,780
2,296
664
687
637
713
676
11
16
15
9
15
1,634
209
200
2,059
982
594
611
560
621
583
10
12
18
8
13
Iowa.............................................
Kansas.........................................
Kentucky......................................
Louisiana.....................................
Maine...........................................
1,119
1,030
1,422
1,437
440
668
675
621
629
664
11
13
12
14
12
495
456
628
684
193
588
579
544
515
592
14
13
19
9
14
Maryland......................................
Massachusetts.............................
Michigan......................................
Minnesota....................................
Mississippi...................................
2,213
2,211
3,274
1,853
907
830
823
734
773
575
19
15
8
14
14
1,023
909
1,397
807
415
750
705
614
677
488
16
16
10
20
10
Missouri.......................................
Montana.......................................
Nebraska.....................................
Nevada........................................
New Hampshire...........................
2,134
310
663
1,032
498
666
607
639
646
776
15
12
11
10
16
981
138
300
437
215
580
523
577
593
689
11
11
13
9
21
New Jersey..................................
New Mexico.................................
New York.....................................
North Carolina..............................
North Dakota................................
3,281
648
6,807
3,166
243
838
673
735
624
606
11
15
7
8
8
1,427
284
3,080
1,461
110
748
554
659
573
536
8
18
9
12
15
Ohio.............................................
Oklahoma....................................
Oregon.........................................
Pennsylvania...............................
Rhode Island................................
4,102
1,257
1,232
4,409
391
675
610
682
697
713
9
8
14
9
16
1,791
560
500
1,977
174
603
520
594
606
643
7
9
17
8
19
South Carolina.............................
South Dakota...............................
Tennessee...................................
Texas...........................................
Utah.............................................
1,578
281
2,204
8,464
924
605
616
609
619
661
9
8
10
6
12
715
129
986
3,565
362
522
555
544
558
554
12
17
15
10
17
Vermont.......................................
Virginia.........................................
Washington..................................
West Virginia................................
Wisconsin....................................
Wyoming......................................
225
2,967
2,329
612
2,056
195
696
730
784
666
705
706
15
12
16
14
13
13
102
1,336
1,010
258
905
79
625
644
700
571
613
535
15
16
17
19
11
13
See note at end of table.
36
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers, by State and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
State
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
UNITED STATES.....................
60,298
$766
$2
80.2
Alabama.......................................
Alaska..........................................
Arizona.........................................
Arkansas......................................
California......................................
869
131
1,311
531
7,180
685
950
715
634
796
18
29
18
15
12
75.5
72.8
85.3
81.1
87.9
Colorado......................................
Connecticut..................................
Delaware......................................
District of Columbia......................
Florida..........................................
1,071
714
179
121
3,548
830
955
805
947
714
20
29
20
16
10
83.4
79.5
79.0
89.0
83.2
Georgia........................................
Hawaii..........................................
Idaho............................................
Illinois...........................................
Indiana.........................................
2,010
253
314
2,722
1,314
751
757
718
796
783
17
18
15
12
20
79.1
80.7
78.0
78.0
74.5
Iowa.............................................
Kansas.........................................
Kentucky......................................
Louisiana.....................................
Maine...........................................
625
575
794
753
247
757
750
703
729
737
17
17
17
19
20
77.7
77.2
77.4
70.6
80.3
Maryland......................................
Massachusetts.............................
Michigan......................................
Minnesota....................................
Mississippi...................................
1,190
1,302
1,877
1,046
492
907
943
833
880
645
26
24
16
20
18
82.7
74.8
73.7
76.9
75.7
Missouri.......................................
Montana.......................................
Nebraska.....................................
Nevada........................................
New Hampshire...........................
1,153
172
364
595
284
773
688
716
706
878
18
11
19
16
30
75.0
76.0
80.6
84.0
78.5
New Jersey..................................
New Mexico.................................
New York.....................................
North Carolina..............................
North Dakota................................
1,854
363
3,727
1,704
133
930
784
800
685
668
15
21
15
16
14
80.4
70.7
82.4
83.6
80.2
Ohio.............................................
Oklahoma....................................
Oregon.........................................
Pennsylvania...............................
Rhode Island................................
2,311
697
732
2,432
218
759
682
753
783
766
14
17
24
13
24
79.4
76.2
78.9
77.4
83.9
South Carolina.............................
South Dakota...............................
Tennessee...................................
Texas...........................................
Utah.............................................
863
153
1,218
4,899
563
669
674
674
677
748
15
15
18
10
13
78.0
82.3
80.7
82.4
74.1
Vermont.......................................
Virginia.........................................
Washington..................................
West Virginia................................
Wisconsin....................................
Wyoming......................................
123
1,631
1,319
354
1,151
117
767
828
880
749
769
866
21
28
25
16
17
22
81.5
77.8
79.5
76.2
79.7
61.8
NOTE: Data refer to persons 16 years and older.
37
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers, by selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages
Both sexes
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years.....................................................
45 to 54 years.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older..............................................
22,172
8,108
4,120
3,988
14,063
3,494
3,229
2,985
2,513
1,843
$213
158
132
192
260
260
275
283
261
199
$1
1
2
2
2
3
4
5
4
4
15,139
4,628
2,307
2,321
10,511
2,462
2,661
2,471
1,816
1,100
$218
155
128
188
259
256
271
281
256
187
$1
2
2
3
2
4
4
5
5
6
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
18,637
2,099
856
2,554
214
202
222
206
1
3
6
3
12,873
1,350
549
1,651
220
200
225
201
2
4
8
4
10,140
9,191
2,841
1,537
637
667
170
270
235
255
225
200
1
2
4
5
6
7
5,691
7,205
2,243
1,203
462
579
167
269
231
254
215
202
2
3
4
6
6
8
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
See note at end of table.
38
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years.....................................................
45 to 54 years.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older..............................................
7,032
3,480
1,814
1,666
3,552
1,032
568
514
697
742
$203
162
137
197
264
269
293
291
273
215
$2
2
2
3
4
5
10
11
9
6
107.4
95.7
93.4
95.4
98.1
95.2
92.5
96.6
93.8
87.0
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
5,765
749
307
903
203
205
217
219
2
5
10
6
108.4
97.6
103.7
91.8
4,449
1,986
597
334
175
88
175
274
248
257
253
188
2
6
7
10
10
21
95.4
98.2
93.1
98.8
85.0
107.4
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not
sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
39
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours usually worked and sex,
2007 annual averages
Both sexes
Hours of work
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
129,767
$608
$1
62,299
$513
$1
1 to 34 hours..........................................................
1 to 4 hours........................................................
5 to 9 hours........................................................
10 to 14 hours....................................................
15 to 19 hours....................................................
20 to 24 hours....................................................
25 to 29 hours....................................................
30 to 34 hours....................................................
19,820
453
1,074
1,751
2,586
6,072
2,630
5,255
216
63
71
104
145
202
248
322
1
4
2
1
2
2
3
3
13,624
308
734
1,202
1,818
4,151
1,805
3,605
222
60
73
106
149
208
255
332
2
4
2
2
2
2
3
5
35 hours or more................................................... 101,610
35 to 39 hours....................................................
7,766
40 hours.............................................................
72,028
41 hours or more................................................
21,816
41 to 44 hours.................................................
1,321
45 to 48 hours.................................................
6,270
49 to 59 hours.................................................
9,545
60 hours or more.............................................
4,680
695
469
636
1,031
769
927
1,110
1,164
2
5
2
6
12
8
11
11
44,782
5,347
32,937
6,497
541
2,162
2,742
1,052
617
473
597
939
729
864
1,026
1,056
2
6
2
7
18
12
14
37
476
180
670
8
4
11
3,893
1,516
2,260
323
176
497
6
5
10
Hours vary……………………………………………
Usually less than 35 hours…………………………
Usually 35 hours or more…………………………
8,338
2,352
5,729
See note at end of table.
40
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours
usually worked and sex, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
67,468
$708
$3
72.5
1 to 34 hours..........................................................
1 to 4 hours........................................................
5 to 9 hours........................................................
10 to 14 hours....................................................
15 to 19 hours....................................................
20 to 24 hours....................................................
25 to 29 hours....................................................
30 to 34 hours....................................................
6,196
145
340
548
768
1,920
825
1,650
205
74
67
101
135
191
234
306
2
13
3
2
3
3
5
5
108.3
81.1
109.0
105.0
110.4
108.9
109.0
108.5
35 hours or more...................................................
35 to 39 hours....................................................
40 hours.............................................................
41 hours or more................................................
41 to 44 hours.................................................
45 to 48 hours.................................................
49 to 59 hours.................................................
60 hours or more.............................................
56,828
2,419
39,091
15,319
780
4,108
6,803
3,628
765
458
685
1,080
813
966
1,145
1,200
3
10
3
8
23
11
8
17
80.7
103.3
87.2
86.9
89.7
89.4
89.6
88.0
4,444
836
3,470
638
186
778
14
6
15
50.6
94.6
63.9
Hours of work
Hours vary……………………………………………
Usually less than 35 hours…………………………
Usually 35 hours or more…………………………
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time workers. Estimates for the above
"hours vary" groups do not sum to totals because data are not presented for a small number of
multiple jobholders whose usual number of hours on the principal job is not identifiable.
41
Table 6. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers, by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages
Upper limit of:
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Characteristic
First
decile
First
quartile
Second
quartile
(median)
Third
quartile
Ninth
decile
SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC
OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Total, 16 years and older.............................
Women.....................................................
Men...........................................................
107,339
47,041
60,298
$330
309
357
$464
418
502
$695
614
766
$1,070
922
1,192
$1,602
1,346
1,836
White............................................................
Women.....................................................
Men...........................................................
86,653
36,764
49,889
336
312
366
478
425
513
716
626
788
1,102
938
1,224
1,647
1,367
1,876
Black or African American............................
Women.....................................................
Men...........................................................
13,061
6,874
6,186
304
295
316
400
387
415
569
533
600
834
774
891
1,207
1,144
1,283
Asian............................................................
Women.....................................................
Men...........................................................
5,155
2,297
2,858
358
326
392
511
468
588
830
731
936
1,335
1,124
1,526
1,894
1,585
2,058
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity..........................
Women.....................................................
Men...........................................................
16,201
5,953
10,248
289
275
299
362
332
380
503
473
520
755
696
794
1,148
1,030
1,202
96,089
8,746
27,997
26,190
33,157
353
278
324
373
519
495
326
428
499
740
738
428
604
704
1,072
1,133
603
860
1,002
1,578
1,668
839
1,175
1,391
2,287
42,249
2,756
11,744
12,475
15,274
323
248
295
337
486
444
297
382
446
667
646
369
512
609
932
960
483
698
845
1,313
1,392
624
938
1,151
1,841
53,840
5,990
16,253
13,715
17,883
385
290
368
412
587
547
356
493
581
832
823
481
689
810
1,243
1,258
656
968
1,150
1,866
1,887
915
1,326
1,537
2,592
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.............................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college1 ..........................
Some college or associate degree...........
Bachelor's degree and higher
2
..............
Women, 25 years and older.........................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college1 ..........................
Some college or associate degree...........
Bachelor's degree and higher
2
..............
Men, 25 years and older..............................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college1 ..........................
Some college or associate degree...........
Bachelor's degree and higher
2
..............
1
Includes persons with a high school diploma or
equivalent.
2
Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's,
professional, or doctoral degree.
NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary
workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25
percent earn less than the upper limit of the first quartile;
50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the
second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the
upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent earn less
than the upper limit of the ninth decile. Estimates for the
above race groups (white, black or African American, and
Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented
for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
42
Table 7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages
(In thousands)
Number of workers by usual weekly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$150.00
$150.00
to
$249.99
$250.00
to
$349.99
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1,000.00
to
$1,499.99
$1,500.00
or
more
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older...... 107,339
16 to 24 years........................... 11,250
16 to 19 years........................
1,673
20 to 24 years........................
9,577
25 years and older.................... 96,089
25 to 34 years........................ 25,869
35 to 44 years........................ 26,999
45 to 54 years........................ 26,693
55 to 64 years........................ 14,196
65 years and older.................
2,332
971
214
71
143
756
210
183
192
104
67
2,147
634
195
439
1,513
503
358
371
173
109
9,022
2,401
608
1,793
6,621
2,247
1,760
1,584
801
229
19,258
3,850
531
3,319
15,408
5,181
3,983
3,670
2,114
460
26,489
2,755
211
2,544
23,733
7,298
6,416
6,307
3,165
547
18,262
889
33
856
17,374
4,764
4,863
4,834
2,588
325
18,003
387
15
372
17,617
3,801
5,242
5,433
2,866
274
13,187
121
9
112
13,066
1,866
4,194
4,302
2,384
319
Women, 16 years and older..
16 to 24 years...........................
16 to 19 years........................
20 to 24 years........................
25 years and older....................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years........................
55 to 64 years........................
65 years and older.................
47,041
4,792
646
4,146
42,249
10,934
11,534
12,193
6,625
964
522
114
34
80
407
110
104
109
58
26
1,263
344
98
246
919
293
232
240
109
45
5,084
1,164
263
901
3,920
1,156
1,100
1,042
498
125
9,885
1,638
194
1,443
8,247
2,414
2,121
2,154
1,326
233
12,494
1,066
48
1,019
11,428
3,228
3,006
3,253
1,681
259
7,714
331
7
325
7,382
1,912
2,056
2,105
1,186
123
6,560
106
106
6,454
1,307
1,828
2,091
1,133
94
3,520
29
2
26
3,491
514
1,087
1,199
634
57
Men, 16 years and older.......
16 to 24 years...........................
16 to 19 years........................
20 to 24 years........................
25 years and older....................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years........................
55 to 64 years........................
65 years and older.................
60,298
6,458
1,027
5,431
53,840
14,935
15,466
14,500
7,571
1,368
449
100
37
63
349
100
79
83
46
41
884
290
97
193
594
210
125
131
64
63
3,938
1,237
345
892
2,702
1,091
661
542
304
104
9,373
2,212
337
1,875
7,161
2,767
1,862
1,516
788
227
13,994
1,689
163
1,525
12,305
4,070
3,410
3,054
1,484
288
10,549
557
26
531
9,992
2,851
2,807
2,729
1,402
202
11,444
281
15
266
11,163
2,494
3,414
3,342
1,733
180
9,667
92
7
86
9,575
1,352
3,108
3,102
1,750
263
See note at end of table.
43
Table 7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
(In thousands)
Number of workers by usual weekly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$150.00
$150.00
to
$249.99
$250.00
to
$349.99
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1,000.00
to
$1,499.99
$1,500.00
or
more
RACE, HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY,
AND SEX
White.....................................
Women......................................
Men...........................................
86,653
36,764
49,889
756
406
351
1,623
949
674
6,861
3,773
3,088
14,720
7,434
7,286
21,238
9,797
11,441
15,117
6,247
8,869
15,058
5,267
9,791
11,280
2,892
8,389
Black or African American.....
Women......................................
Men...........................................
13,061
6,874
6,186
132
76
56
378
227
152
1,534
947
587
3,244
1,783
1,461
3,592
1,907
1,684
1,904
900
1,003
1,581
735
847
696
300
396
Asian......................................
Women......................................
Men...........................................
5,155
2,297
2,858
55
22
33
83
48
36
329
205
124
739
393
346
1,012
488
524
887
427
461
1,015
431
585
1,034
283
751
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....
Women......................................
Men...........................................
16,201
5,953
10,248
155
83
73
548
295
253
2,796
1,258
1,539
4,409
1,615
2,794
4,042
1,401
2,641
1,942
631
1,310
1,498
455
1,042
810
215
595
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not
presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates data not
available or does not meet publication standards.
44
Table 8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, marital
status, and presence and age of own children under 18 years old, 2007 annual averages
Number of
workers
(in thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, all marital statuses…………………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
47,041
17,654
10,952
6,702
29,387
$614
605
621
578
619
$2
3
4
5
2
Total, married, spouse present……………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
24,567
11,665
7,077
4,589
12,902
665
658
658
656
671
3
5
6
8
5
22,474
5,988
3,876
2,113
16,486
568
514
571
448
588
3
3
7
7
3
Total, all marital statuses…………………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
60,298
22,367
12,022
10,345
37,931
766
874
924
812
713
2
5
6
7
3
Total, married, spouse present……………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
36,359
20,677
11,008
9,669
15,682
886
894
939
838
878
4
5
7
8
5
23,939
1,690
1,014
676
22,249
616
683
776
572
612
3
14
19
15
3
Characteristic
WOMEN
1
Total, other marital statuses ……………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
MEN
1
Total, other marital statuses ……………………………………
With children under 18 years old………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years old………………………………
With no children under 18 years old……………………………
1
Includes never-married, divorced, separated, and
widowed persons.
NOTE: Children refer to "own" children and include
sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children.
Excluded are other related children such as
grandchildren, nieces, nephews, and cousins, as well as
unrelated children.
45
Table 9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
AGE
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years.....................................................
45 to 54 years.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older..............................................
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
hourly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
75,873
16,275
5,434
10,841
59,597
16,912
16,026
15,551
8,613
2,495
$11.95
8.65
7.57
9.66
13.16
12.05
13.93
14.39
13.71
10.37
$0.02
.04
.03
.07
.04
.03
.06
.11
.12
.14
38,082
7,961
2,782
5,179
30,121
7,798
8,045
8,179
4,714
1,386
$10.98
8.15
7.41
9.00
12.05
11.21
12.36
12.85
12.23
10.15
$0.03
.02
.03
.04
.03
.08
.10
.07
.10
.07
61,061
9,965
2,730
13,168
12.08
10.89
12.22
10.24
.02
.07
.14
.06
30,117
5,483
1,469
5,372
11.06
10.45
11.83
9.80
.04
.11
.12
.05
26,868
35,893
13,112
8,273
3,312
1,527
9.87
13.90
12.22
13.11
10.91
11.15
.02
.04
.06
.08
.11
.21
12,424
17,628
8,031
5,016
1,790
1,225
9.14
12.21
11.76
12.19
10.22
10.93
.03
.05
.08
.08
.09
.19
9,486
10,321
65,552
17.56
17.25
11.26
.15
.13
.04
3,564
3,988
34,095
15.09
15.01
10.59
.10
.09
.05
59,597
8,080
22,650
18,594
10,273
13.16
10.00
12.65
14.07
17.75
.04
.03
.06
.05
.15
30,121
3,072
10,848
10,204
5,998
12.05
8.77
11.05
12.80
17.16
.03
.06
.05
.07
.20
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American......................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status................................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2...............................................
3
Represented by a union .......................................
Not represented by a union....................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
4
High school, no college ....................................
Some college or associate degree.....................
Bachelor's degree and higher 5 ..........................
See footnotes at end of table.
46
Table 9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates,
by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
Men
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
AGE
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years.....................................................
45 to 54 years.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older..............................................
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
37,790
8,314
2,652
5,662
29,476
9,114
7,981
7,372
3,899
1,110
$12.95
9.13
7.77
9.96
14.75
12.83
15.17
16.15
15.45
11.01
$0.04
.04
.04
.03
.06
.07
.06
.12
.24
.24
84.8
89.3
95.4
90.4
81.7
87.4
81.5
79.6
79.2
92.2
30,944
4,482
1,260
7,796
13.22
11.57
13.22
11.07
.07
.16
.37
.07
83.7
90.3
89.5
88.5
14,444
18,265
5,081
3,257
1,522
302
10.14
15.18
13.86
14.87
11.87
12.62
.02
.05
.11
.09
.13
.96
90.1
80.4
84.8
82.0
86.1
86.6
5,922
6,333
31,457
19.10
18.91
12.09
.17
.15
.03
79.0
79.4
87.6
29,476
5,008
11,802
8,391
4,275
14.75
11.03
14.76
15.83
18.10
.06
.07
.08
.11
.14
81.7
79.5
74.9
80.9
94.8
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White......................................................................
Black or African American......................................
Asian......................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status................................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION 1
Members of unions 2...............................................
3
Represented by a union .......................................
Not represented by a union....................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
4
High school, no college ....................................
Some college or associate degree.....................
Bachelor's degree and higher 5 ..........................
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety of
factors in addition to coverage by a collective bargaining agreement, including the distribution of male
and female employees by occupation, industry, firm size, or geographic region.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union, as well as to
workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee
association contract.
4
Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's, professional, or doctoral degree.
NOTE: Workers paid by the hour account for approximately three-fifths of all wage and salary
workers. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum
to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic
or Latino may be of any race.
5
47
Table 10. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages
(In thousands)
Number of workers by hourly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$4.00
$4.00
to
$4.99
$5.00
to
$5.99
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$14.99
$15.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older......
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
75,873
16,275
5,434
10,841
59,597
16,912
16,026
15,551
8,613
2,495
926
384
127
257
542
271
128
85
44
15
152
76
28
48
75
28
21
15
9
3
1,062
609
387
223
453
162
115
81
56
40
9,445
4,747
2,553
2,194
4,698
1,620
1,171
977
550
380
12,960
4,315
1,453
2,862
8,645
2,848
2,141
1,895
1,214
547
12,296
2,881
540
2,341
9,415
2,983
2,314
2,252
1,366
500
12,717
1,812
212
1,601
10,905
3,398
2,820
2,729
1,558
400
12,525
1,028
98
929
11,498
2,988
3,353
3,181
1,663
314
13,789
423
38
385
13,366
2,615
3,963
4,337
2,154
296
Women, 16 years and older.
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
38,082
7,961
2,782
5,179
30,121
7,798
8,045
8,179
4,714
1,386
644
285
89
196
359
168
90
61
31
9
116
62
20
42
54
19
15
11
8
2
661
365
223
143
295
110
72
53
37
23
5,658
2,647
1,408
1,239
3,011
944
794
683
357
233
7,443
2,143
731
1,412
5,300
1,533
1,368
1,282
792
325
6,490
1,227
216
1,011
5,263
1,387
1,302
1,394
898
282
6,326
728
62
665
5,599
1,533
1,420
1,504
918
224
5,341
334
23
311
5,007
1,124
1,441
1,462
820
161
5,404
170
11
159
5,234
980
1,544
1,730
853
126
Men, 16 years and older.......
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
37,790
8,314
2,652
5,662
29,476
9,114
7,981
7,372
3,899
1,110
282
99
38
62
183
103
37
23
13
6
36
14
8
7
22
9
6
4
1
1
401
244
164
80
157
51
42
28
19
17
3,787
2,101
1,145
955
1,686
675
377
294
193
147
5,517
2,171
722
1,450
3,345
1,315
774
613
422
222
5,807
1,654
324
1,330
4,153
1,597
1,012
858
468
218
6,391
1,085
150
935
5,306
1,865
1,401
1,225
640
176
7,184
693
75
618
6,491
1,863
1,912
1,719
843
153
8,385
253
27
226
8,132
1,636
2,419
2,607
1,301
170
See note at end of table.
48
Table 10. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
(In thousands)
Number of workers by hourly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$4.00
$4.00
to
$4.99
$5.00
to
$5.99
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$14.99
$15.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
RACE, HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY,
AND SEX
White........................................
Women........................................
Men.............................................
61,061
30,117
30,944
787
537
250
132
102
30
808
486
323
7,447
4,483
2,964
10,075
5,778
4,298
9,654
5,048
4,605
10,106
4,922
5,184
10,392
4,354
6,038
11,659
4,407
7,252
Black or African American.......
Women........................................
Men.............................................
9,965
5,483
4,482
83
67
17
10
7
3
189
128
61
1,388
833
555
2,007
1,157
851
1,860
1,037
823
1,843
1,009
834
1,390
654
736
1,194
589
604
Asian........................................
Women........................................
Men.............................................
2,730
1,469
1,260
30
18
12
8
6
2
21
18
2
312
178
134
438
272
166
429
235
194
419
232
186
429
207
222
644
303
341
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity......
Women........................................
Men.............................................
13,168
5,372
7,796
113
63
49
16
8
7
178
96
82
2,133
1,161
972
2,949
1,376
1,573
2,416
894
1,521
2,183
782
1,401
1,789
571
1,218
1,391
420
971
NOTE: Workers paid hourly rates represent approximately three-fifths of all wage and salary workers. Estimates for the above race
groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose
ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
49
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing
Federal minimum wage, by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older.......................................
16 to 24 years..............................................................
16 to 19 years...........................................................
20 to 24 years...........................................................
25 years and older.......................................................
25 to 34 years...........................................................
35 to 44 years...........................................................
45 to 54 years...........................................................
55 to 64 years...........................................................
65 years and older....................................................
75,873
16,275
5,434
10,841
59,597
16,912
16,026
15,551
8,613
2,495
1,462
669
280
389
793
366
187
128
75
38
267
145
93
52
122
35
39
20
17
11
1,729
814
373
441
915
401
226
148
92
49
2.3
5.0
6.9
4.1
1.5
2.4
1.4
1.0
1.1
2.0
Women, 16 years and older..................................
16 to 24 years..............................................................
16 to 19 years...........................................................
20 to 24 years...........................................................
25 years and older.......................................................
25 to 34 years...........................................................
35 to 44 years...........................................................
45 to 54 years...........................................................
55 to 64 years...........................................................
65 years and older....................................................
38,082
7,961
2,782
5,179
30,121
7,798
8,045
8,179
4,714
1,386
1,002
479
182
297
523
228
129
91
53
22
181
93
56
37
88
26
27
16
12
7
1,183
572
238
334
611
254
156
107
65
29
3.1
7.2
8.6
6.4
2.0
3.3
1.9
1.3
1.4
2.1
Men, 16 years and older........................................
16 to 24 years..............................................................
16 to 19 years...........................................................
20 to 24 years...........................................................
25 years and older.......................................................
25 to 34 years...........................................................
35 to 44 years...........................................................
45 to 54 years...........................................................
55 to 64 years...........................................................
65 years and older....................................................
37,790
8,314
2,652
5,662
29,476
9,114
7,981
7,372
3,899
1,110
460
190
99
92
270
138
58
36
23
16
86
52
37
14
34
10
12
4
5
4
546
242
136
106
304
148
70
40
28
20
1.4
2.9
5.1
1.9
1.0
1.6
.9
.5
.7
1.8
See footnotes at end of table.
50
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing
Federal minimum wage, by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Characteristic
Total
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO
ETHNICITY, AND SEX
White.........................................................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
61,061
30,117
30,944
1,216
818
398
204
131
73
1,420
949
471
2.3
3.2
1.5
Black or African American........................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
9,965
5,483
4,482
150
111
39
55
45
10
205
156
49
2.1
2.8
1.1
Asian, 16 years and older.........................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
2,730
1,469
1,260
50
36
14
1
1
-
51
37
14
1.9
2.5
1.1
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.......................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
13,168
5,372
7,796
205
110
95
41
22
19
246
132
114
1.9
2.5
1.5
Full-time workers......................................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
57,745
25,743
32,003
658
405
253
94
64
30
752
469
283
1.3
1.8
.9
Part-time workers......................................................
Women.........................................................................
Men..............................................................................
17,997
12,276
5,721
799
594
204
172
117
56
971
711
260
5.4
5.8
4.5
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS AND SEX 1
1
The distinction between full- and part-time workers
is based on hours usually worked. These data do not
sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the
principal job is not identifiable for a small number of
multiple jobholders.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white,
black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to
totals because data are not presented for all races.
Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or
Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates data not
available or does not meet publication standards.
51
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
$241
$172
$144
$186
$265
$255
$280
$276
$262
$198
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
187
200
208
211
217
224
232
243
249
259
154
161
164
164
169
174
178
186
196
204
200
213
220
223
231
240
248
259
266
276
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
276
296
311
321
335
349
360
373
383
394
302
326
354
370
389
406
419
435
450
472
298
320
345
367
385
400
416
429
453
472
285
309
325
346
366
381
397
405
419
431
203
222
253
261
272
297
298
310
323
334
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
269
277
276
282
286
292
298
306
319
341
209
213
212
214
221
231
240
252
268
281
285
291
290
297
300
306
312
321
339
363
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
407
415
422
436
439
451
463
481
502
518
486
498
503
517
537
550
559
579
597
611
489
507
522
542
566
582
594
607
620
652
457
469
483
492
501
514
535
558
592
604
343
381
378
393
384
389
384
393
405
404
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
361
375
381
387
390
397
409
424
297
305
305
311
309
318
324
337
383
394
399
402
406
411
423
450
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
549
576
591
594
604
610
621
643
625
657
668
687
713
731
748
769
669
693
706
723
743
748
773
790
620
638
674
708
725
742
765
803
463
488
502
516
560
569
583
605
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
52
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
WOMEN
1979………………
$182
$154
$132
$161
$195
$199
$196
$192
$189
$170
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
167
180
192
198
203
211
219
227
235
246
145
154
158
158
162
166
170
172
184
197
175
191
201
207
213
221
231
242
251
260
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
218
239
258
272
285
296
306
316
327
340
214
238
258
272
292
307
319
337
354
370
209
225
252
264
279
292
308
324
339
357
205
222
245
257
270
285
296
308
317
333
175
189
211
212
219
242
256
261
280
292
346
366
380
393
399
406
418
431
456
473
254
266
267
273
276
275
284
292
305
324
198
205
205
205
211
215
223
240
249
266
269
280
280
289
290
291
298
306
319
343
369
387
400
415
421
428
444
462
485
497
356
371
382
395
397
403
415
427
451
470
390
407
418
435
448
453
463
482
498
503
377
398
417
440
450
464
481
495
516
534
348
363
376
395
398
403
420
433
476
492
300
319
328
335
336
353
334
348
350
370
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
344
353
367
371
375
381
395
409
283
288
295
299
293
304
305
318
366
375
385
387
391
396
413
426
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
493
512
530
546
561
573
583
597
521
547
571
590
608
621
645
668
564
587
602
609
625
644
659
677
508
536
574
601
615
639
658
679
392
390
430
435
478
492
510
534
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
53
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
MEN
1979………………
$292
$196
$155
$211
$314
$295
$336
$338
$312
$219
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
208
218
225
223
231
241
246
257
262
271
162
168
170
168
174
183
186
196
205
209
224
237
244
242
250
258
264
275
279
290
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
314
340
358
371
382
394
402
412
421
434
367
397
422
442
471
487
499
510
517
542
367
396
419
444
470
489
506
520
549
569
345
377
399
416
439
467
484
495
509
521
229
266
300
308
328
367
358
380
395
393
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
282
285
284
288
294
303
307
317
334
356
218
219
218
221
228
244
251
262
281
291
298
300
297
303
307
315
321
338
357
379
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
449
458
466
476
479
490
499
515
544
577
560
576
581
596
617
624
632
651
677
702
591
612
634
653
671
685
698
713
732
763
546
563
579
586
603
623
643
669
699
725
403
467
421
451
441
441
477
452
482
470
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
375
391
391
398
400
409
418
443
306
319
312
321
318
330
348
357
395
408
410
412
417
422
435
472
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
598
617
627
628
639
644
661
687
728
754
759
775
804
822
836
873
771
799
807
834
857
853
897
909
735
760
802
827
843
855
902
933
522
565
583
612
641
644
658
686
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
54
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
1979………………
62.3
78.6
85.2
76.3
62.1
67.5
58.3
56.8
60.6
77.6
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
80.3
82.6
85.3
88.8
87.9
87.6
89.0
88.3
89.7
90.8
89.5
91.7
92.9
94.0
93.1
90.7
91.4
87.8
89.8
94.3
78.1
80.6
82.4
85.5
85.2
85.7
87.5
88.0
90.0
89.7
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
69.4
70.3
72.1
73.3
74.6
75.1
76.1
76.7
77.7
78.3
58.3
59.9
61.1
61.5
62.0
63.0
63.9
66.1
68.5
68.3
56.9
56.8
60.1
59.5
59.4
59.7
60.9
62.3
61.7
62.7
59.4
58.9
61.4
61.8
61.5
61.0
61.2
62.2
62.3
63.9
76.4
71.1
70.3
68.8
66.8
65.9
71.5
68.7
70.9
74.3
19901………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1………………
1998 1………………
1999 1………………
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74.4
76.3
76.5
90.1
93.3
94.0
94.8
93.9
90.8
92.5
92.1
91.3
91.0
90.8
93.6
94.0
92.8
92.5
88.1
88.8
91.6
88.6
91.4
90.3
93.3
94.3
95.4
94.5
92.4
92.8
90.5
89.4
90.5
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
79.3
81.0
82.0
83.0
82.9
82.2
83.2
82.9
82.9
81.5
69.6
70.7
71.9
73.0
72.6
72.6
73.3
74.0
73.6
71.7
63.8
65.0
65.8
67.4
67.1
67.7
68.9
69.4
70.5
70.0
63.7
64.5
64.9
67.4
66.0
64.7
65.3
64.7
68.1
67.9
74.4
68.3
77.9
74.3
76.2
80.0
70.0
77.0
72.6
78.7
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
91.7
90.3
93.9
93.2
93.8
93.2
94.5
92.3
92.5
90.3
94.6
93.1
92.1
92.1
87.6
89.1
92.7
91.9
93.9
93.9
93.8
93.8
94.9
90.3
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
82.4
83.0
84.5
86.9
87.8
89.0
88.2
86.9
71.6
72.5
75.2
76.1
75.6
75.5
77.2
76.5
73.2
73.5
74.6
73.0
72.9
75.5
73.5
74.5
69.1
70.5
71.6
72.7
73.0
74.7
72.9
72.8
75.1
69.0
73.8
71.1
74.6
76.4
77.5
77.8
Year and sex
WOMEN'S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN'S
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
55
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2007) dollars
by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
$641
$457
$383
$495
$705
$678
$745
$734
$697
$527
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
628
621
623
620
620
632
648
653
648
645
448
438
429
418
413
412
419
424
419
418
369
352
338
325
321
320
321
325
330
330
480
466
454
442
439
441
448
452
448
446
686
674
674
679
688
697
706
703
697
690
662
648
641
636
637
642
650
651
645
637
724
713
730
733
740
746
756
759
758
763
715
700
711
727
732
735
751
749
763
763
683
676
670
685
696
700
717
707
705
696
487
486
522
517
517
546
538
541
544
540
634
632
637
648
646
647
645
648
665
683
414
411
399
398
396
395
392
394
405
424
322
316
307
302
306
312
316
325
341
350
438
432
420
419
415
414
411
414
431
451
691
693
693
694
692
689
684
696
727
736
626
616
611
616
607
609
609
620
638
644
748
739
728
730
743
743
736
746
759
760
752
752
755
766
783
786
782
782
788
811
703
696
699
695
693
695
704
719
752
751
528
565
547
555
531
526
505
506
515
502
693
698
700
699
700
691
690
695
434
439
439
436
428
421
421
424
357
357
351
351
339
338
333
337
461
461
460
453
446
436
435
450
733
738
744
746
750
739
739
738
661
674
681
670
663
648
639
643
752
769
770
775
783
776
770
769
805
811
813
815
816
794
795
790
746
747
776
798
796
788
787
803
557
571
578
582
615
604
600
605
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
56
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2007) dollars
by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
WOMEN
1979………………
$484
$410
$351
$428
$519
$529
$521
$511
$503
$452
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
482
479
493
499
504
509
525
529
530
530
400
394
396
392
386
388
395
396
396
397
348
337
326
313
308
305
307
300
310
318
420
418
414
410
405
406
417
422
423
420
511
510
526
531
538
544
556
560
564
567
523
523
532
539
542
544
552
551
551
549
513
521
532
539
555
564
576
588
596
598
501
492
520
523
530
537
556
565
571
577
492
486
505
509
513
524
534
538
534
538
420
414
435
420
416
445
462
455
471
472
532
543
550
555
552
549
550
555
579
588
391
395
386
386
382
372
374
376
388
403
305
304
297
290
292
291
293
309
316
331
414
415
405
408
401
393
392
394
405
427
568
574
579
586
582
578
584
595
616
618
548
550
553
558
549
545
546
550
573
585
600
604
605
614
620
612
609
621
633
626
580
591
603
621
622
627
633
638
656
664
535
539
544
558
550
545
553
558
605
612
462
473
475
473
465
477
439
448
445
460
593
600
609
622
629
621
617
614
414
413
423
418
412
404
406
409
341
337
340
337
322
323
314
318
440
439
444
436
429
420
425
426
621
636
654
658
658
650
645
646
593
600
611
616
616
608
600
597
627
641
658
665
667
659
664
668
679
687
694
687
686
684
678
677
611
628
661
678
675
678
677
679
472
457
495
490
525
522
525
534
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
57
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in constant (2007) dollars
by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
MEN
1979………………
$777
$521
$412
$561
$835
$785
$894
$899
$830
$582
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
751
744
751
750
745
748
756
757
756
756
499
477
464
442
439
443
444
449
441
438
388
368
351
333
331
336
336
342
345
338
537
519
503
479
475
474
477
480
470
468
813
814
810
806
802
814
836
832
820
808
753
744
738
735
726
724
726
719
709
701
880
869
870
875
895
895
901
890
870
876
880
867
864
879
894
899
913
908
924
919
827
825
823
824
835
858
874
864
857
842
549
582
619
610
624
675
646
663
665
635
740
731
725
720
722
727
733
746
760
769
434
423
411
407
407
409
404
409
424
443
335
325
315
312
315
330
330
338
357
362
458
445
430
428
425
426
422
436
454
471
788
776
776
784
797
795
788
793
812
831
691
680
674
672
663
662
657
664
691
718
862
855
841
842
853
843
832
839
860
873
909
908
918
922
928
926
918
919
930
949
840
835
838
828
834
842
846
862
888
902
620
693
609
637
610
596
628
582
612
585
771
785
782
784
783
766
764
766
451
458
450
449
439
434
430
443
368
374
359
362
349
350
358
357
475
478
472
464
458
448
448
472
834
843
843
839
836
818
820
823
720
722
722
708
701
684
680
687
876
883
874
874
883
873
860
873
928
936
930
940
941
906
923
909
884
890
924
932
925
908
928
933
628
662
672
690
704
684
677
686
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has been
affected at various times by methodological and conceptual
changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the
Household Data technical documentation provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using
current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to
constant dollars. See Technical Note.
58
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current
dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual averages
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$241
$248
$199
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
269
291
310
320
336
356
371
384
395
409
212
235
245
261
269
277
291
301
314
319
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
424
442
458
475
484
494
506
519
545
573
329
348
357
369
371
383
387
400
426
445
-
2000 1……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
590
610
623
636
657
672
690
716
474
491
498
514
525
520
554
569
$615
639
658
693
708
753
784
830
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
See footnote at end of table.
59
-
$194
209
223
240
250
259
270
277
285
290
298
304
312
321
331
324
329
339
351
370
385
399
417
424
440
456
471
486
503
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current
dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$182
$184
$169
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
203
221
242
254
268
281
294
307
318
334
185
206
217
232
241
252
264
276
288
301
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
346
366
380
393
399
406
418
431
456
473
353
373
387
401
408
415
428
444
468
483
308
323
335
348
346
355
362
375
400
409
-
20001……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
502
522
547
567
584
596
609
626
429
454
473
491
505
499
519
533
$547
563
566
598
613
665
699
731
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
See footnote at end of table.
60
-
$157
172
190
203
215
223
230
241
251
260
269
278
292
302
313
305
305
316
318
337
348
366
388
397
410
419
429
440
473
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current
dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$292
$298
$227
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
320
350
375
387
401
418
433
450
465
482
244
268
278
294
303
305
319
327
348
348
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
494
506
514
524
547
566
580
595
615
638
361
375
380
392
400
411
412
432
468
488
-
20001……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
662
689
702
715
732
743
761
788
510
529
524
555
569
559
591
600
$685
732
756
772
802
825
882
936
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
See footnote at end of table.
61
-
$219
234
251
269
274
287
296
299
306
308
315
318
323
339
346
343
350
356
371
390
406
417
440
451
464
480
489
505
520
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in current
dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
71.7
85.3
86.1
88.2
88.8
86.5
86.4
87.9
86.8
85.5
83.8
-
84.1
85.8
90.3
88.5
88.8
89.3
87.8
88.8
79.9
76.9
74.9
77.5
76.4
80.6
79.3
78.1
87.8
88.2
88.0
88.4
87.3
87.7
87.1
91.0
1979……………………………………
62.3
61.7
74.4
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
63.4
63.1
64.5
65.6
66.8
67.2
67.9
68.2
68.4
69.3
75.8
76.9
78.1
78.9
79.5
82.6
82.8
84.4
82.8
86.5
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74.4
76.3
76.5
71.5
73.7
75.3
76.5
74.6
73.3
73.8
74.6
76.1
75.7
20001……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
75.8
75.8
77.9
79.3
79.8
80.2
80.0
79.4
1
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by
methodological and conceptual changes in the
Current Population Survey (CPS). For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability
section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the above
race groups (white, black or African American, and
Asian) include persons who selected this race
73.5
75.7
75.5
78.5
77.7
77.7
80.6
82.0
84.4
85.4
87.4
90.4
89.1
90.5
88.9
87.1
88.8
85.7
86.4
85.7
group only; persons who selected more than one
race group are not included. Prior to 2003,
persons who reported more than one race were
included in the group they identified as the main
race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Data for
2000-2002 are for the category Asians and Pacific
Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate
category. Data for Asians were not tabulated prior
to 2000. Dash indicates data not available.
62
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$641
$660
$529
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
628
621
623
620
620
632
648
653
648
645
645
637
639
634
639
654
670
670
665
661
508
514
505
517
511
509
525
525
529
515
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
634
632
637
648
646
647
645
648
665
683
652
656
663
671
669
668
666
669
693
713
506
516
517
521
513
518
509
515
541
553
-
2000 1……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
693
698
700
699
700
691
690
695
710
714
718
717
721
713
710
716
570
575
574
579
576
552
570
569
$740
748
758
781
777
799
807
830
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
See footnote at end of table.
63
-
$516
501
488
495
495
492
496
500
497
488
481
468
463
465
468
448
445
446
452
470
479
480
488
488
496
501
500
500
503
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$484
$489
$449
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
482
479
493
499
504
509
525
529
530
530
487
484
499
503
510
517
531
536
535
540
444
451
447
459
458
463
477
482
485
486
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
532
543
550
555
552
549
550
555
579
588
543
553
560
566
564
561
563
572
595
601
474
479
485
492
479
480
476
483
508
509
-
20001……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
593
600
609
622
629
621
617
614
604
611
630
639
641
633
627
626
516
532
545
554
554
530
534
533
$658
659
652
674
673
706
719
731
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
See footnote at end of table.
64
-
$418
412
416
419
426
424
423
435
438
438
435
428
433
437
442
422
412
416
410
428
433
440
454
457
462
460
455
453
473
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$777
$793
$604
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
751
744
751
750
745
748
756
757
756
756
767
766
773
766
762
768
782
785
783
779
585
586
573
582
576
561
576
571
586
562
19901……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971……………………………………
19981……………………………………
19991……………………………………
740
731
725
720
722
727
733
746
760
769
760
751
744
740
757
765
763
767
781
794
555
556
550
554
553
555
542
557
595
607
-
20001……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
771
785
782
784
783
766
764
766
797
807
809
806
804
789
783
788
614
619
604
626
625
593
608
600
$824
857
871
870
880
876
907
936
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
1
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by
methodological and conceptual changes in the
Current Population Survey (CPS). For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability
section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the above
race groups (white, black or African American, and
Asian) include persons who selected this race
group only; persons who selected more than one
-
$582
561
549
555
543
546
544
540
534
519
509
489
479
491
489
474
473
468
478
496
505
502
515
520
523
527
519
520
520
race group are not included. Prior to 2003,
persons who reported more than one race were
included in the group they identified as the main
race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Data for
2000-2002 are for the category Asians and Pacific
Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate
category. Data for Asians were not tabulated prior
to 2000. Dash indicates data not available. The
Consumer Price Index research series using current
methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current
dollars to constant dollars. See Technical Note.
65
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in current dollars by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$265
$210
$249
$282
$344
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
222
240
248
256
263
270
278
284
288
297
266
286
302
311
323
333
344
356
368
375
304
324
351
363
382
399
409
421
430
452
376
407
438
461
486
506
525
564
585
609
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
303
307
311
314
307
309
317
321
337
346
386
397
403
415
421
432
443
461
479
490
476
489
484
494
499
508
518
535
558
580
638
666
696
715
733
747
758
779
821
860
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
362
382
388
396
401
409
419
428
505
520
535
554
574
583
595
604
596
617
629
639
661
670
692
704
891
921
941
964
986
1,013
1,039
1,072
3
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
3
1997 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
3
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
66
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in current dollars by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
WOMEN
1979……………………………………
$195
$152
$185
$211
$264
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
164
175
184
195
200
202
208
214
221
231
201
217
236
246
259
268
277
288
298
304
231
255
274
288
305
317
330
347
360
379
290
318
346
369
390
414
436
466
485
507
1990 3 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 3 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
369
387
400
415
421
428
444
462
485
497
240
250
256
263
257
262
268
275
283
290
315
328
337
347
351
356
365
378
396
405
395
409
407
422
423
427
442
459
476
488
535
562
594
611
634
644
657
672
707
740
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
304
316
325
329
334
341
358
369
420
443
458
474
488
493
500
512
505
520
543
560
577
587
602
609
756
786
809
832
860
883
905
932
3
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
67
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in current dollars by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
MEN
1979……………………………………
$314
$252
$308
$329
$396
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
267
286
293
301
308
314
321
324
332
346
327
356
374
388
399
407
416
423
437
450
358
389
411
422
446
472
485
497
503
517
427
475
503
518
562
590
618
653
679
705
1990 3 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
3
1997 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
349
349
351
356
342
347
357
365
383
395
459
470
479
487
496
507
516
535
559
580
542
563
555
572
587
596
604
621
643
665
741
764
791
806
826
845
874
896
939
977
2000 3 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
406
419
421
429
446
455
469
481
591
609
617
628
645
652
678
689
691
723
731
740
761
766
796
810
1,020
1,067
1,090
1,131
1,143
1,167
1,205
1,243
See footnotes at end of table.
68
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in current dollars by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2007 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
1979……………………………………
62.1
60.3
60.1
64.1
66.7
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
61.4
61.2
62.8
64.8
64.9
64.3
64.8
66.0
66.6
66.8
61.5
61.0
63.1
63.4
64.9
65.8
66.6
68.1
68.2
67.6
64.5
65.6
66.7
68.2
68.4
67.2
68.0
69.8
71.6
73.3
67.9
66.9
68.8
71.2
69.4
70.2
70.6
71.4
71.4
71.9
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
68.8
71.6
72.9
73.9
75.1
75.5
75.1
75.3
73.9
73.4
68.6
69.8
70.4
71.3
70.8
70.2
70.7
70.7
70.8
69.8
72.9
72.6
73.3
73.8
72.1
71.6
73.2
73.9
74.0
73.4
72.2
73.6
75.1
75.8
76.8
76.2
75.2
75.0
75.3
75.7
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
74.9
75.4
77.2
76.7
74.9
74.9
76.3
76.7
71.1
72.7
74.2
75.5
75.7
75.6
73.7
74.3
73.1
71.9
74.3
75.7
75.8
76.6
75.6
75.2
74.1
73.7
74.2
73.6
75.2
75.7
75.1
75.0
3
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
3
1997 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
3
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
1
Includes persons with a high school diploma or
equivalent.
and conceptual
changes
in
the
Current
Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see
the Historical Comparability section of the
Household Data technical documentation provided
at http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
2
Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's,
professional, or doctoral degree.
3
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by methodological
69
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in constant (2007) dollars by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2007 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$705
$559
$662
$750
$915
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
686
674
674
679
688
697
706
703
697
690
532
525
511
507
500
496
502
496
485
480
638
626
623
616
614
612
621
621
620
606
729
709
724
719
726
733
738
735
724
730
902
891
903
913
924
930
948
984
985
984
691
693
693
694
692
689
684
696
727
736
466
455
450
444
425
418
417
414
428
430
594
589
583
586
582
584
583
594
609
609
732
726
700
698
690
686
682
689
709
721
982
988
1,007
1,010
1,014
1,009
997
1,004
1,043
1,070
733
738
744
746
750
739
739
738
436
447
447
446
440
434
431
428
608
609
616
625
630
619
612
604
717
722
725
720
726
711
712
704
1,072
1,078
1,084
1,087
1,082
1,075
1,069
1,072
3
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
3
1997 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
3
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
70
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in constant (2007) dollars by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
WOMEN
1979……………………………………
$519
$404
$492
$561
$702
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
511
510
526
531
538
544
556
560
564
567
393
383
379
386
380
371
375
373
372
373
482
475
487
487
492
493
500
503
502
491
554
558
565
570
580
583
596
606
606
612
695
696
713
731
741
761
787
813
816
819
1990 3 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 3 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
568
574
579
586
582
578
584
595
616
618
369
371
370
371
355
354
353
354
360
361
485
487
488
490
485
481
480
487
503
504
608
607
589
596
585
577
582
591
605
607
823
834
860
863
877
870
864
866
898
920
621
636
654
658
658
650
645
646
366
370
374
371
367
362
368
369
505
519
528
534
536
523
514
512
608
609
626
631
633
623
619
609
910
920
932
938
944
937
931
932
3
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
71
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older in constant (2007) dollars by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college1
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher 2
MEN
1979……………………………………
$835
$670
$819
$875
$1,053
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
3
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
813
814
810
806
802
814
836
832
820
808
640
626
604
596
586
577
579
565
559
559
784
779
771
768
759
748
751
738
736
727
859
851
847
836
848
868
875
867
847
835
1,024
1,039
1,037
1,026
1,068
1,085
1,116
1,140
1,143
1,139
1990 3 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
3
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
3
1997 …………………………………
3
1998 …………………………………
3
1999 …………………………………
788
776
776
784
797
795
788
793
812
831
537
518
508
503
473
469
470
470
487
491
706
697
693
688
686
685
679
689
710
721
834
835
803
808
812
805
795
800
817
827
1,140
1,134
1,145
1,138
1,142
1,142
1,150
1,155
1,193
1,215
2000 3 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
3
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
834
843
843
839
836
818
820
823
489
491
485
484
490
483
483
481
711
713
711
708
708
692
698
689
832
847
842
834
835
813
819
810
1,227
1,249
1,256
1,275
1,255
1,239
1,240
1,243
1
Includes persons with a high school diploma or
equivalent.
Comparability section of the Household Data
technical
documentation
provided
at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research
series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to
convert current dollars to constant dollars. See
Technical Note.
2
Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's,
professional, or doctoral degree.
3
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by methodological
and conceptual changes in the Current Population
Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
72
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$4.44
$3.49
$3.10
$4.02
$5.11
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
3.71
3.97
4.05
4.08
4.18
4.26
4.41
4.59
4.79
4.95
3.22
3.58
3.60
3.61
3.65
3.67
3.71
3.81
4.03
4.22
4.29
4.61
4.66
4.69
4.82
4.94
5.06
5.21
5.38
5.65
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9.10
9.53
5.16
5.26
5.37
5.51
5.62
5.80
5.94
6.15
6.58
6.87
4.49
4.69
4.73
4.80
4.91
5.04
5.17
5.51
5.88
6.08
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
7.24
7.69
7.81
7.90
7.98
8.07
8.24
8.65
6.41
6.76
6.91
6.93
7.00
7.05
7.23
7.57
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$5.20
$5.29
$5.16
$4.97
$3.23
5.55
5.99
6.28
6.55
6.84
7.05
7.23
7.46
7.74
7.94
5.66
6.09
6.35
6.50
6.77
6.92
7.01
7.19
7.43
7.64
5.76
6.20
6.61
6.91
7.17
7.49
7.79
7.94
8.17
8.56
5.65
6.01
6.42
6.73
7.08
7.37
7.73
7.86
8.16
8.42
5.39
5.81
6.11
6.41
6.62
6.91
7.17
7.42
7.48
7.82
3.56
3.92
4.12
4.40
4.63
4.74
4.97
5.08
5.23
5.42
5.91
6.00
6.03
6.15
6.22
6.42
6.69
6.91
7.24
7.74
8.16
8.48
8.73
8.95
9.12
9.36
9.62
9.87
10.13
10.47
7.90
8.04
8.17
8.27
8.38
8.71
8.82
9.04
9.65
9.98
8.82
9.17
9.38
9.61
9.92
10.02
10.14
10.36
10.86
11.02
8.79
9.11
9.52
9.86
10.02
10.13
10.24
10.60
10.96
11.33
8.02
8.19
8.48
8.90
9.02
9.20
9.39
9.73
10.08
10.38
5.75
5.94
6.14
6.39
6.39
6.65
6.77
6.89
7.40
7.70
8.07
8.38
8.47
8.66
8.78
8.91
9.16
9.66
10.88
11.40
11.83
12.05
12.23
12.48
12.94
13.16
10.18
10.67
10.98
11.25
11.37
11.76
11.95
12.05
11.35
11.97
12.18
12.46
12.89
13.11
13.49
13.93
11.82
12.17
12.46
12.97
13.23
13.48
14.03
14.39
10.82
11.37
11.85
12.19
12.58
12.95
13.33
13.71
8.05
8.53
9.07
9.19
9.62
9.93
10.15
10.37
Total
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
73
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$3.62
$3.19
$3.03
$3.52
$3.90
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
3.45
3.71
3.78
3.82
3.93
4.01
4.11
4.22
4.48
4.69
3.14
3.52
3.55
3.55
3.59
3.61
3.65
3.71
3.91
4.10
3.79
4.09
4.19
4.26
4.36
4.56
4.71
4.89
5.05
5.23
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
7.73
7.94
8.23
8.64
4.95
5.08
5.16
5.27
5.32
5.49
5.68
5.95
6.24
6.60
4.35
4.64
4.69
4.73
4.83
4.94
5.09
5.42
5.78
5.98
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
7.00
7.25
7.45
7.59
7.71
7.80
7.99
8.15
6.23
6.61
6.80
6.85
6.86
6.92
7.11
7.41
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$4.04
$3.97
$3.84
$3.75
$3.12
4.24
4.69
5.02
5.23
5.48
5.73
5.95
6.16
6.44
6.78
4.44
4.89
5.19
5.44
5.60
5.79
5.95
6.14
6.36
6.68
4.29
4.77
5.08
5.31
5.61
5.91
6.13
6.35
6.76
7.10
4.23
4.59
4.95
5.19
5.51
5.76
5.99
6.28
6.59
6.90
4.08
4.43
4.80
5.07
5.27
5.46
5.75
6.03
6.08
6.38
3.38
3.71
3.93
4.16
4.37
4.43
4.73
4.85
5.12
5.14
5.57
5.71
5.77
5.96
5.98
6.09
6.26
6.55
6.93
7.22
7.07
7.34
7.65
7.87
8.05
8.17
8.43
8.75
9.13
9.53
7.01
7.19
7.45
7.61
7.78
7.92
8.06
8.20
8.80
9.10
7.37
7.73
7.99
8.16
8.44
8.63
8.89
9.14
9.66
9.83
7.16
7.61
7.94
8.18
8.46
8.72
8.94
9.26
9.78
9.95
6.73
6.95
7.20
7.56
7.82
7.93
8.07
8.31
8.85
9.33
5.45
5.76
5.97
6.18
6.24
6.45
6.45
6.83
7.21
7.50
7.80
8.00
8.11
8.19
8.32
8.50
8.82
9.00
9.89
10.20
10.71
11.01
11.23
11.58
11.87
12.05
9.69
9.94
10.12
10.51
10.62
10.86
11.07
11.21
10.03
10.44
10.98
11.17
11.45
11.84
12.05
12.36
10.18
10.85
11.18
11.79
11.95
12.13
12.26
12.85
9.84
10.39
10.81
11.05
11.57
11.86
12.12
12.23
7.87
8.14
8.73
8.84
9.16
9.82
9.97
10.15
Total
WOMEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
74
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$5.65
$3.90
$3.19
$4.64
$6.69
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
4.10
4.31
4.38
4.38
4.57
4.68
4.79
4.91
5.03
5.17
3.37
3.64
3.66
3.67
3.72
3.75
3.82
3.95
4.14
4.39
4.92
5.11
5.12
5.05
5.16
5.23
5.43
5.68
5.79
6.02
1990 ……………… 8.27
1991………………
8.59
1992………………
8.67
1993………………
8.86
1994 1 ……………… 9.00
1995………………
9.23
1996………………
9.52
1997 1 ……………… 9.83
1998 1 ……………… 10.06
1999 1 ……………… 10.31
5.44
5.58
5.65
5.75
5.88
6.04
6.17
6.45
6.91
7.12
4.64
4.74
4.80
4.87
4.98
5.14
5.25
5.61
5.98
6.18
7.63
8.01
8.05
8.14
8.21
8.42
8.79
9.13
6.64
6.90
7.02
7.02
7.15
7.21
7.43
7.77
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$6.38
$7.12
$7.10
$6.59
$3.56
7.22
7.78
8.08
8.31
8.60
8.85
9.02
9.16
9.38
9.71
6.93
7.33
7.67
7.74
7.88
8.00
8.03
8.26
8.41
8.56
7.81
8.30
8.89
9.22
9.51
9.80
9.99
10.10
10.22
10.59
7.78
8.49
8.88
9.16
9.69
9.97
10.15
10.24
10.69
10.88
7.24
7.88
8.14
8.74
8.86
9.04
9.54
9.72
9.74
10.00
3.79
4.21
4.46
4.75
4.91
4.99
5.18
5.32
5.52
5.90
6.18
6.23
6.24
6.33
6.56
6.82
6.99
7.18
7.78
8.03
9.84
9.98
10.06
10.18
10.29
10.73
10.78
11.10
11.72
12.00
8.83
8.94
9.02
9.10
9.10
9.46
9.70
9.92
10.22
10.84
10.73
10.98
10.93
11.16
11.50
11.89
11.91
12.07
12.48
12.78
11.13
11.71
12.02
12.15
12.10
12.32
12.40
12.80
13.04
13.68
10.17
10.08
10.39
10.96
11.06
11.11
11.15
11.79
12.22
12.21
6.08
6.22
6.45
6.71
6.64
6.85
7.04
6.96
7.74
7.86
8.39
8.92
8.88
9.00
9.07
9.20
9.75
9.96
12.24
12.88
13.05
13.25
13.74
13.91
14.27
14.75
10.97
11.58
11.89
12.01
12.03
12.17
12.63
12.83
13.14
13.92
13.96
14.13
14.60
14.88
15.06
15.17
13.90
14.25
14.40
14.93
15.11
15.13
16.04
16.15
12.81
12.95
13.38
14.09
14.54
14.79
15.04
15.45
8.31
9.00
9.78
9.79
9.90
10.04
10.72
11.01
Total
MEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
See footnote at end of table.
75
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in current dollars by sex
and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
WOMEN'S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN'S
1979………………
64.1
81.8
95.0
75.9
58.3
63.3
55.8
54.1
56.9
87.6
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
84.1
86.1
86.3
87.2
86.0
85.7
85.8
85.9
89.1
90.7
93.2
96.7
97.0
96.7
96.5
96.3
95.5
93.9
94.4
93.4
77.0
80.0
81.8
84.4
84.5
87.2
86.7
86.1
87.2
86.9
58.7
60.3
62.1
62.9
63.7
64.7
66.0
67.2
68.7
69.8
64.1
66.7
67.7
70.3
71.1
72.4
74.1
74.3
75.6
78.0
54.9
57.5
57.1
57.6
59.0
60.3
61.4
62.9
66.1
67.0
54.4
54.1
55.7
56.7
56.9
57.8
59.0
61.3
61.6
63.4
56.4
56.2
59.0
58.0
59.5
60.4
60.3
62.0
62.4
63.8
89.2
88.1
88.1
87.6
89.0
88.8
91.3
91.2
92.8
87.1
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
91.0
91.0
91.3
91.7
90.5
90.9
92.1
92.2
90.3
92.7
93.8
97.9
97.7
97.1
97.0
96.1
97.0
96.6
96.7
96.8
90.1
91.7
92.5
94.2
91.2
89.3
89.6
91.2
89.1
89.9
71.8
73.5
76.0
77.3
78.2
76.1
78.2
78.8
77.9
79.4
79.4
80.4
82.6
83.6
85.5
83.7
83.1
82.7
86.1
83.9
68.7
70.4
73.1
73.1
73.4
72.6
74.6
75.7
77.4
76.9
64.3
65.0
66.1
67.3
69.9
70.8
72.1
72.3
75.0
72.7
66.2
68.9
69.3
69.0
70.7
71.4
72.4
70.5
72.4
76.4
89.6
92.6
92.6
92.1
94.0
94.2
91.6
98.1
93.2
95.4
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
91.7
90.5
92.5
93.2
93.9
92.6
90.9
89.3
93.8
95.8
96.9
97.6
95.9
96.0
95.7
95.4
93.0
89.7
91.3
91.0
91.7
92.4
90.5
90.4
80.8
79.2
82.1
83.1
81.7
83.2
83.2
81.7
88.3
85.8
85.1
87.5
88.3
89.2
87.6
87.4
76.3
75.0
78.7
79.1
78.4
79.6
80.0
81.5
73.2
76.1
77.6
79.0
79.1
80.2
76.4
79.6
76.8
80.2
80.8
78.4
79.6
80.2
80.6
79.2
94.7
90.4
89.3
90.3
92.5
97.8
93.0
92.2
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
76
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant
(2007) dollars by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$11.81
$9.28
$8.24
$10.69
$13.59
$13.83
$14.07
$13.72
$13.22
$8.59
11.56
11.27
11.13
11.07
11.08
11.08
11.19
11.29
11.33
11.29
8.90
8.69
8.35
8.08
7.95
7.83
7.96
8.01
8.06
8.00
7.72
7.83
7.42
7.15
6.94
6.75
6.70
6.65
6.78
6.82
10.29
10.09
9.61
9.29
9.16
9.08
9.13
9.09
9.06
9.13
13.31
13.11
12.95
12.97
13.00
12.96
13.05
13.02
13.03
12.83
13.57
13.33
13.09
12.87
12.87
12.72
12.65
12.55
12.51
12.34
13.81
13.57
13.63
13.68
13.63
13.77
14.06
13.86
13.75
13.83
13.55
13.15
13.24
13.33
13.46
13.55
13.95
13.72
13.74
13.60
12.93
12.71
12.60
12.69
12.59
12.70
12.94
12.95
12.59
12.63
8.54
8.58
8.49
8.71
8.80
8.71
8.97
8.87
8.80
8.76
11.12
11.13
11.17
11.12
11.08
11.04
11.05
11.28
11.56
11.85
7.94
7.80
7.77
7.78
7.77
7.84
7.82
7.93
8.36
8.54
6.91
6.96
6.85
6.78
6.79
6.81
6.80
7.10
7.47
7.56
9.09
8.90
8.73
8.69
8.60
8.68
8.80
8.90
9.20
9.63
12.55
12.58
12.63
12.64
12.61
12.65
12.66
12.72
12.87
13.02
12.15
11.93
11.82
11.68
11.59
11.77
11.61
11.65
12.26
12.41
13.57
13.61
13.57
13.57
13.72
13.54
13.34
13.35
13.80
13.71
13.52
13.52
13.78
13.93
13.86
13.69
13.47
13.66
13.93
14.09
12.34
12.15
12.27
12.57
12.48
12.43
12.36
12.54
12.81
12.91
8.85
8.81
8.89
9.03
8.84
8.99
8.91
8.88
9.40
9.58
11.93
11.93
12.06
12.23
12.07
11.88
12.10
11.95
8.71
9.00
9.00
8.91
8.76
8.57
8.48
8.65
7.71
7.92
7.96
7.81
7.68
7.48
7.44
7.57
9.71
9.81
9.76
9.76
9.64
9.46
9.42
9.66
13.09
13.35
13.63
13.59
13.42
13.25
13.31
13.16
12.25
12.49
12.65
12.68
12.48
12.48
12.29
12.05
13.66
14.02
14.03
14.05
14.15
13.92
13.88
13.93
14.22
14.25
14.35
14.62
14.52
14.31
14.43
14.39
13.02
13.31
13.65
13.74
13.81
13.75
13.71
13.71
9.69
9.99
10.45
10.36
10.56
10.54
10.44
10.37
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
77
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant
(2007) dollars by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
65 years
and
older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$9.63
$8.48
$8.06
$9.36
$10.37
$10.74
$10.56
$10.21
$9.97
$8.30
9.47
9.37
9.51
9.50
9.45
9.43
9.62
9.77
9.83
9.87
8.27
8.12
7.79
7.56
7.47
7.37
7.42
7.36
7.54
7.58
7.53
7.70
7.32
7.03
6.83
6.64
6.59
6.47
6.58
6.62
9.09
8.95
8.64
8.44
8.29
8.38
8.50
8.53
8.50
8.45
10.17
10.26
10.35
10.36
10.42
10.53
10.74
10.75
10.84
10.95
10.65
10.70
10.70
10.77
10.65
10.64
10.74
10.72
10.71
10.79
10.29
10.44
10.47
10.51
10.67
10.86
11.06
11.08
11.38
11.47
10.14
10.04
10.21
10.28
10.48
10.59
10.81
10.96
11.09
11.15
9.78
9.69
9.90
10.04
10.02
10.04
10.38
10.52
10.24
10.31
8.11
8.12
8.10
8.24
8.31
8.14
8.54
8.46
8.62
8.30
9.91
10.01
10.07
10.06
10.03
10.08
10.17
10.23
10.46
10.75
7.62
7.54
7.47
7.44
7.36
7.42
7.47
7.67
7.93
8.21
6.69
6.88
6.79
6.68
6.68
6.68
6.70
6.98
7.34
7.44
8.57
8.47
8.35
8.42
8.27
8.23
8.24
8.44
8.81
8.98
10.88
10.89
11.07
11.12
11.13
11.04
11.09
11.28
11.60
11.85
10.78
10.67
10.78
10.75
10.76
10.70
10.61
10.57
11.18
11.32
11.34
11.47
11.56
11.53
11.67
11.66
11.70
11.78
12.27
12.23
11.02
11.29
11.49
11.55
11.70
11.78
11.76
11.93
12.43
12.38
10.35
10.31
10.42
10.68
10.82
10.72
10.62
10.71
11.25
11.60
8.38
8.55
8.64
8.73
8.63
8.72
8.49
8.80
9.16
9.33
10.90
11.29
11.39
11.36
11.16
10.94
10.96
10.98
8.42
8.49
8.58
8.56
8.46
8.28
8.22
8.15
7.50
7.74
7.83
7.72
7.53
7.35
7.31
7.41
9.39
9.37
9.34
9.23
9.13
9.02
9.07
9.00
11.90
11.94
12.34
12.41
12.33
12.29
12.21
12.05
11.66
11.64
11.66
11.85
11.66
11.53
11.39
11.21
12.07
12.22
12.65
12.59
12.57
12.57
12.40
12.36
12.25
12.70
12.88
13.29
13.12
12.88
12.61
12.85
11.84
12.17
12.45
12.46
12.70
12.59
12.47
12.23
9.47
9.53
10.06
9.97
10.05
10.42
10.26
10.15
WOMEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1
1986 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
78
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in constant
(2007) dollars by sex and age, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$15.03
$10.37
$8.48
$12.34
$17.79
$16.97
$18.94
$18.88
$17.53
$9.47
14.63
14.38
14.12
13.70
13.54
13.47
13.70
13.56
13.32
13.09
9.83
9.43
9.03
8.67
8.69
8.60
8.65
8.57
8.47
8.35
8.08
7.96
7.55
7.27
7.07
6.89
6.90
6.89
6.97
7.09
11.80
11.18
10.56
10.00
9.81
9.61
9.80
9.91
9.75
9.73
17.31
17.02
16.66
16.46
16.35
16.27
16.28
15.99
15.79
15.69
16.62
16.04
15.81
15.33
14.98
14.71
14.49
14.42
14.16
13.83
18.73
18.16
18.33
18.26
18.08
18.01
18.03
17.63
17.21
17.11
18.66
18.58
18.31
18.14
18.42
18.33
18.32
17.87
18.00
17.58
17.36
17.24
16.78
17.31
16.84
16.62
17.22
16.96
16.40
16.16
9.09
9.21
9.20
9.41
9.33
9.17
9.35
9.28
9.29
9.53
12.72
12.74
12.55
12.51
12.45
12.47
12.53
12.67
12.78
12.82
8.37
8.28
8.18
8.12
8.13
8.16
8.12
8.31
8.78
8.86
7.14
7.03
6.95
6.88
6.89
6.95
6.91
7.23
7.60
7.69
9.51
9.24
9.03
8.94
9.07
9.22
9.20
9.25
9.89
9.99
15.14
14.81
14.56
14.38
14.23
14.50
14.18
14.30
14.89
14.93
13.58
13.26
13.05
12.85
12.59
12.78
12.76
12.78
12.99
13.48
16.51
16.29
15.82
15.76
15.91
16.07
15.67
15.55
15.86
15.90
17.12
17.37
17.40
17.16
16.74
16.65
16.32
16.49
16.57
17.01
15.65
14.96
15.04
15.48
15.30
15.01
14.67
15.19
15.53
15.19
9.35
9.23
9.33
9.48
9.18
9.26
9.26
8.97
9.83
9.78
13.01
13.26
13.41
13.40
13.19
12.91
13.05
12.95
9.18
9.38
9.27
9.18
9.01
8.94
9.04
9.13
7.99
8.08
8.09
7.91
7.85
7.65
7.64
7.77
10.10
10.44
10.23
10.15
9.96
9.77
10.03
9.96
14.73
15.08
15.03
14.94
15.08
14.77
14.68
14.75
13.20
13.56
13.70
13.54
13.21
12.92
12.99
12.83
15.81
16.30
16.08
15.93
16.03
15.80
15.49
15.17
16.73
16.69
16.59
16.83
16.59
16.06
16.50
16.15
15.42
15.16
15.41
15.89
15.96
15.70
15.47
15.45
10.00
10.54
11.27
11.04
10.87
10.66
11.03
11.01
MEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1999 1 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has been
affected at various times by methodological and conceptual
changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the
Household Data technical documentation provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using
current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to
constant dollars. See Technical Note.
79
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
current dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$4.44
$4.51
$4.11
-
$4.08
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
4.88
5.18
5.47
5.66
5.90
6.10
6.28
6.56
6.81
7.08
4.44
4.90
5.06
5.15
5.36
5.50
5.80
5.99
6.15
6.43
-
4.44
4.81
5.01
5.09
5.27
5.47
5.65
5.82
5.95
6.07
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9.10
9.53
7.33
7.61
7.82
7.97
8.11
8.32
8.57
8.88
9.22
9.74
6.81
7.00
7.06
7.18
7.29
7.66
7.76
8.01
8.39
8.85
-
6.28
6.46
6.65
6.83
6.93
7.00
7.17
7.39
7.92
8.07
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
9.96
10.26
10.71
10.97
11.13
11.48
11.86
12.08
9.34
9.78
9.93
10.15
10.19
10.17
10.66
10.89
$10.07
10.75
10.36
11.12
11.10
12.01
12.53
12.22
8.54
9.06
9.22
9.76
9.81
9.95
10.12
10.24
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
80
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
current dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$3.62
$3.62
$3.55
-
$3.44
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
3.96
4.28
4.61
4.81
4.98
5.14
5.35
5.62
5.86
6.13
3.88
4.19
4.49
4.72
4.87
5.04
5.17
5.40
5.61
5.88
-
3.78
4.10
4.33
4.42
4.65
4.82
5.00
5.11
5.28
5.53
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
7.73
7.94
8.23
8.64
6.46
6.76
6.99
7.16
7.34
7.54
7.79
8.00
8.33
8.73
6.23
6.55
6.64
6.87
6.93
7.12
7.20
7.59
7.90
8.13
-
5.80
5.98
6.17
6.31
6.40
6.60
6.77
6.82
7.22
7.46
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
9.09
9.73
9.94
10.11
10.21
10.50
10.77
11.06
8.86
9.15
9.45
9.91
9.93
9.93
10.11
10.45
$9.77
10.07
10.10
10.68
10.57
11.64
11.95
11.83
7.89
8.28
8.54
8.88
9.04
9.18
9.50
9.80
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
81
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
current dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$5.65
$5.79
$4.89
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
6.23
6.71
6.98
7.07
7.26
7.58
7.78
7.93
8.06
8.28
8.27
8.59
8.67
8.86
9.00
9.23
9.52
9.83
10.06
10.31
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
$4.79
5.18
5.81
5.97
5.96
6.16
6.15
6.57
6.74
6.94
7.07
-
8.55
8.82
8.89
9.07
9.21
9.62
9.79
9.96
10.18
10.61
7.37
7.57
7.62
7.67
7.92
8.16
8.18
8.67
9.09
9.77
-
6.74
6.88
6.99
7.12
7.17
7.26
7.62
7.90
8.24
8.61
10.95
11.61
11.86
12.03
12.16
12.47
12.88
13.22
9.98
10.18
10.24
10.81
10.88
10.90
11.42
11.57
$10.79
11.84
11.02
11.89
11.90
12.75
13.18
13.22
9.04
9.67
9.92
10.03
10.02
10.19
10.84
11.07
See footnote at end of table.
82
5.03
5.37
5.73
5.81
6.04
6.07
6.19
6.37
6.51
6.66
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
current dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
64.1
62.5
72.6
-
71.8
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
63.6
63.8
66.0
68.0
68.6
67.8
68.8
70.9
72.7
74.0
74.9
72.1
75.2
79.2
79.1
82.0
78.7
80.1
80.8
83.2
-
75.1
76.4
75.6
76.1
77.0
79.4
80.8
80.2
81.1
83.0
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
75.6
76.6
78.6
78.9
79.7
78.4
79.6
80.3
81.8
82.3
84.5
86.5
87.1
89.6
87.5
87.3
88.0
87.5
86.9
83.2
-
86.1
86.9
88.3
88.6
89.3
90.9
88.8
86.3
87.6
86.6
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
83.0
83.8
83.8
84.0
84.0
84.2
83.6
83.7
88.8
89.9
92.3
91.7
91.3
91.1
88.5
90.3
90.5
85.1
91.7
89.8
88.8
91.3
90.7
89.5
87.3
85.6
86.1
88.5
90.2
90.1
87.6
88.5
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by
methodological and conceptual changes in the
Current Population Survey (CPS).
For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability section
of the Household Data technical documentation
provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the above
race groups (white, black or African American, and
Asian) include persons who selected this race group
only; persons who selected more than one race
group are not included. Prior to 2003, persons who
reported more than one race were included in the
group they identified as the main race. Persons
whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino
may be of any race. Data for 2000-2002 are for the
category Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003,
Asians constitute a separate category. Data for
Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash
indicates data not available.
83
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$11.81
$11.99
$10.93
-
$10.85
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
11.56
11.27
11.13
11.07
11.08
11.08
11.19
11.29
11.33
11.29
11.70
11.33
11.28
11.21
11.22
11.21
11.34
11.45
11.46
11.44
10.65
10.72
10.43
10.20
10.19
10.11
10.47
10.45
10.35
10.39
-
10.65
10.53
10.33
10.08
10.02
10.06
10.20
10.16
10.02
9.81
11.12
11.13
11.17
11.12
11.08
11.04
11.05
11.28
11.56
11.85
11.28
11.29
11.32
11.26
11.22
11.24
11.28
11.44
11.72
12.11
10.48
10.39
10.22
10.14
10.08
10.35
10.21
10.32
10.66
11.01
-
9.66
9.58
9.62
9.65
9.59
9.46
9.43
9.52
10.06
10.04
11.93
11.93
12.06
12.23
12.07
11.88
12.10
11.95
11.99
12.01
12.34
12.37
12.22
12.19
12.20
12.08
11.24
11.45
11.44
11.44
11.19
10.80
10.97
10.89
$12.12
12.59
11.94
12.54
12.18
12.75
12.89
12.22
10.28
10.61
10.62
11.00
10.77
10.56
10.41
10.24
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
84
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$9.63
$9.63
$9.44
-
$9.15
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
9.47
9.37
9.51
9.50
9.45
9.43
9.62
9.77
9.83
9.87
9.50
9.37
9.51
9.52
9.47
9.45
9.66
9.81
9.87
9.90
9.30
9.17
9.26
9.35
9.26
9.26
9.33
9.42
9.44
9.50
-
9.06
8.97
8.93
8.75
8.84
8.86
9.03
8.92
8.89
8.93
9.91
10.01
10.07
10.06
10.03
10.08
10.17
10.23
10.46
10.75
9.94
10.03
10.12
10.11
10.15
10.19
10.25
10.31
10.58
10.86
9.58
9.72
9.61
9.70
9.59
9.62
9.47
9.78
10.04
10.11
-
8.92
8.87
8.93
8.91
8.85
8.92
8.91
8.79
9.17
9.28
10.90
11.29
11.39
11.36
11.16
10.94
10.96
10.98
10.94
11.39
11.45
11.40
11.21
11.15
11.08
11.06
10.66
10.71
10.89
11.17
10.90
10.54
10.40
10.45
$11.76
11.79
11.64
12.04
11.60
12.36
12.29
11.83
9.49
9.70
9.84
10.01
9.92
9.75
9.77
9.80
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
85
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in
constant (2007) dollars by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
$12.74
12.42
12.71
12.31
11.80
11.71
11.31
11.86
11.76
11.68
11.42
-
13.15
13.09
12.87
12.81
12.74
13.00
12.88
12.84
12.94
13.20
11.34
11.23
11.03
10.83
10.95
11.03
10.76
11.17
11.55
12.15
-
10.37
10.21
10.12
10.06
9.92
9.81
10.03
10.18
10.47
10.71
13.18
13.59
13.66
13.56
13.35
13.24
13.25
13.22
12.01
11.92
11.80
12.19
11.94
11.57
11.75
11.57
$12.98
13.86
12.70
13.40
13.06
13.54
13.56
13.22
10.88
11.32
11.43
11.31
11.00
10.82
11.15
11.07
1979……………………………………
$15.03
$15.40
$13.01
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
14.63
14.38
14.12
13.70
13.54
13.47
13.70
13.56
13.32
13.09
14.94
14.68
14.39
14.00
13.80
13.93
14.04
13.84
13.57
13.38
12.72
12.74
12.55
12.51
12.45
12.47
12.53
12.67
12.78
12.82
13.01
13.26
13.41
13.40
13.19
12.91
13.05
12.95
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data
has been affected at various times by
methodological and conceptual changes in the
Current Population Survey (CPS).
For an
explanation, see the Historical Comparability section
of the Household Data technical documentation
provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the above
race groups (white, black or African American, and
Asian) include persons who selected this race group
only; persons who selected more than one race
12.06
11.75
11.81
11.50
11.48
11.16
11.17
11.12
10.96
10.76
group are not included. Prior to 2003, persons who
reported more than one race were included in the
group they identified as the main race. Persons
whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino
may be of any race. Data for 2000-2002 are for the
category Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003,
Asians constitute a separate category. Data for
Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash
indicates data not available. The Consumer Price
Index research series using current methods (CPI-URS) is used to convert current dollars to constant
dollars. See Technical Note.
86
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage by sex, 1979–2007 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
BOTH SEXES
87,529
51,721
59.1
2,916
3,997
6,912
13.4
1980…………………………… 87,644
1981…………………………… 88,516
1982…………………………… 87,368
1983…………………………… 88,290
1984…………………………… 92,194
1985…………………………… 94,521
1
96,903
1986 …………………………
1987…………………………… 99,303
1988…………………………… 101,407
1989…………………………… 103,480
51,335
51,869
50,846
51,820
54,143
55,762
57,529
59,552
60,878
62,389
58.6
58.6
58.2
58.7
58.7
59.0
59.4
60.0
60.0
60.3
3,087
3,513
2,348
2,077
1,838
1,639
1,599
1,468
1,319
1,372
4,686
4,311
4,148
4,261
4,125
3,899
3,461
3,229
2,608
1,790
7,773
7,824
6,496
6,338
5,963
5,538
5,060
4,698
3,927
3,162
15.1
15.1
12.8
12.2
11.0
9.9
8.8
7.9
6.5
5.1
104,876
103,723
104,668
106,101
107,989
110,038
111,960
114,533
116,730
118,963
63,172
62,627
63,610
64,274
66,549
68,354
69,255
70,735
71,440
72,306
60.2
60.4
60.8
60.6
61.6
62.1
61.9
61.8
61.2
60.8
2,377
1,939
1,707
1,995
1,699
2
1,863
2
2,990
2,834
2,194
1,096
2,906
2,982
2,625
2,132
1,956
2
1,861
2
1,764
1,593
1,146
3,228
5,283
4,921
4,332
4,128
3,656
2
3,724
2
4,754
4,427
3,340
5.1
8.4
7.7
6.7
6.2
5.3
2
5.4
2
6.7
6.2
4.6
122,089
122,229
121,826
122,358
123,554
125,889
128,237
129,767
73,496
73,392
72,508
72,946
73,939
75,609
76,514
75,873
60.2
60.0
59.5
59.6
59.8
60.1
59.7
58.5
1,752
1,518
1,579
1,555
1,483
1,403
1,283
2
1,462
898
656
567
545
520
479
409
2
267
2,650
2,174
2,146
2,100
2,003
1,882
1,692
2
1,729
3.6
3.0
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.2
2
2.3
1979……………………………
1
1990 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
1
1997 …………………………
1
1998 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
1
2003 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
87
2
2,132
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage by sex, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
WOMEN
1979……………………………
38,129
23,329
61.2
2,070
2,644
4,714
20.2
1980……………………………
1981……………………………
1982……………………………
1983……………………………
1984……………………………
1985……………………………
1
1986 …………………………
1987……………………………
1988……………………………
1989……………………………
38,944
39,672
39,777
40,433
42,172
43,506
44,961
46,365
47,495
48,691
23,626
24,294
24,365
24,989
26,003
26,869
27,863
29,078
29,820
30,702
60.7
61.2
61.3
61.8
61.7
61.8
62.0
62.7
62.8
63.1
2,104
2,394
1,651
1,492
1,348
1,198
1,192
1,105
1,008
994
2,990
2,778
2,561
2,603
2,499
2,356
2,125
1,946
1,542
1,056
5,095
5,172
4,212
4,095
3,847
3,554
3,317
3,051
2,550
2,050
21.6
21.3
17.3
16.4
14.8
13.2
11.9
10.5
8.6
6.7
19901 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
1
1997 …………………………
1
1998 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
49,323
49,105
49,842
50,626
51,419
52,369
53,488
54,708
55,757
57,050
31,069
30,988
31,454
31,937
33,021
33,934
34,418
35,214
35,680
36,233
63.0
63.1
63.1
63.1
64.2
64.8
64.3
64.4
64.0
63.5
1,582
1,286
1,133
1,322
1,157
2
1,244
2
1,843
1,794
1,426
711
1,792
1,751
1,534
1,241
1,161
2
1,106
2
1,092
965
700
58,427
58,582
58,555
59,122
59,408
60,423
61,426
62,299
36,777
36,848
36,508
37,093
37,133
37,957
38,321
38,082
62.9
62.9
62.3
62.7
62.5
62.8
62.4
61.1
1,170
1,021
997
1,062
1,013
944
861
2
1,002
579
409
350
332
310
290
263
2
181
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
1
2003 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
88
2
1,420
2
2
2
2
2,131
2
3,374
3,036
2,667
2,563
2,318
2
2,350
2
2,935
2,760
2,126
1,749
1,430
1,347
1,394
1,323
1,234
1,124
2
1,183
2
2
6.9
10.9
9.7
8.4
7.8
6.8
2
6.8
2
8.3
7.7
5.9
4.8
3.9
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.3
2.9
2
3.1
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage by sex, 1979–2007 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
MEN
1979……………………………
49,400
28,392
57.5
846
1,353
2,199
7.7
1980……………………………
1981……………………………
1982……………………………
1983……………………………
1984……………………………
1985……………………………
1
1986 …………………………
1987……………………………
1988……………………………
1989……………………………
48,700
48,844
47,591
47,856
50,022
51,015
51,942
52,938
53,912
54,789
27,709
27,576
26,481
26,831
28,140
28,893
29,666
30,474
31,058
31,687
56.9
56.5
55.6
56.1
56.3
56.6
57.1
57.6
57.6
57.8
983
1,119
697
585
490
440
408
364
311
379
1,696
1,533
1,587
1,658
1,626
1,544
1,336
1,283
1,066
733
2,678
2,652
2,284
2,243
2,116
1,984
1,743
1,647
1,377
1,112
9.7
9.6
8.6
8.4
7.5
6.9
5.9
5.4
4.4
3.5
55,553
54,618
54,826
55,475
56,570
57,669
58,473
59,825
60,973
61,914
32,104
31,639
32,155
32,337
33,528
34,420
34,838
35,521
35,761
36,073
57.8
57.9
58.6
58.3
59.3
59.7
59.6
59.4
58.7
58.3
712
795
653
573
674
542
2
619
2
1,147
1,039
768
63,662
63,647
63,272
63,236
64,145
65,466
66,811
67,468
36,720
36,544
36,000
35,853
36,806
37,652
38,193
37,790
57.7
57.4
56.9
56.7
57.4
57.5
57.2
56.0
582
497
582
493
470
459
422
2
460
1
1990 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
1
1997 …………………………
1
1998 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
1
2003 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has
been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey
(CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at
http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf .
2
2
2
2
2
385
1,114
1,231
1,091
891
796
2
755
2
673
628
446
319
247
217
213
210
189
146
2
86
2
1,097
1,909
1,885
1,664
1,565
1,338
2
1,374
2
1,820
1,667
1,214
2
901
744
799
706
680
648
568
2
546
2
3.4
2
6.0
5.9
5.1
4.7
3.9
2
3.9
2
5.1
4.7
3.4
2.5
2.0
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.5
2
1.4
changes in the minimum wage that took place in
those years.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was
$2.90 in 1979, $3.10 in 1980, and $3.35 in 1981-89.
The minimum wage rose to $3.80 in April 1990, to
$4.25 in April 1991, to $4.75 in October 1996, to $5.15
in September 1997, and to $5.85 in July 2007. See
Technical Note for more information about minimum
wage workers.
Data for 1990-91, 1996-97, and 2007 reflect
89
Technical Note
T
he estimates in this report were obtained from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), which provides a wide range of
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment. The survey is conducted monthly for the U.S. Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau, using a national sample of about 60,000 households, with coverage in all
50 States and the District of Columbia. The earnings data are collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample.
Material in this report is in the public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be used without permission. This information
is available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice
telephone: (202) 691–5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–
8339.
through the linear interpolation of the interval in which the median lies.
Over-the-year changes in the medians (and quantile boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be consistent with
the movements estimated for the overall quantile boundary. The
most common reasons for this possible anomaly are as follows:
• There could be a change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For example, the medians of both 16- to 24-year-olds and
those 25 years and older may rise, but if the lower earning 16-to24 age group accounts for a greatly increased share of the total,
the overall median actually could fall.
• There could be a large change in the shape of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a quantile boundary. This change could be caused by survey observations that are
clustered at rounded values—for example, $250, $300, or $400.
An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered interval containing such
a cluster, or “spike,” tends to change more slowly than one in
other intervals. For example, medians measure the central tendency of a multipeaked distribution that shifts over time. As the
distribution shifts, the median does not necessarily move at the
same rate. Specifically, the median takes relatively more time to
move through a frequently reported interval, but once above the
upper limit of such an interval, it can move relatively quickly to
the next frequently reported earnings interval. BLS procedures for
estimating medians (and other quantile boundaries) mitigate such
irregular movements of the measures; however, users should be
cautious of these effects when evaluating short-term changes in
the medians and in ratios of the medians.
Concepts and definitions
The principal concepts and definitions used in connection with the earnings data in this report are described next.
Usual weekly earnings. Data are collected on wages and salaries before taxes and other deductions, and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the principal
job in the case of multiple jobholders). Self-employed workers are excluded, regardless of whether their businesses are incorporated. Prior to 1994, respondents were asked how much
they usually earned per week. Since January 1994, respondents
have been asked to identify the easiest way for them to report
earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly,
annually, other) and how much they usually earn in the period
reported. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are
converted to a weekly equivalent. The term “usual” is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of “usual,” interviewers are instructed to define the term as
“more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.”
Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars
to constant dollars. BLS has made numerous improvements to the
Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the past quarter century. Although these improvements make the present and future CPI more
accurate, historical price index series are not adjusted to reflect the
improvements. Because many researchers need a historical series
that measures price change consistently over the entire period,
the CPI-U-RS provides an estimate of the CPI that incorporates
most of the methodological improvements made since 1978 into
the entire series. (For further information, see Kenneth J. Stewart
and Stephen B. Reed, “CPI research series using current methods,
1978–98,” Monthly Labor Review, June 1999, pp. 29–38; and
“Questions and Answers: Consumer Price Index Research Series
Using Current Methods,” on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/
cpi/cpirsdc.htm.)
This report uses the most recent version of the CPI-U-RS
available at the time of production. Users should note, however,
that the CPI-U-RS is subject to periodic revision. As a result, the
rate of inflation incorporated into the constant-dollar earnings estimates in this report may differ from that in previous reports in
Medians (and quantiles) of weekly earnings. Most of the earnings estimates shown in this report are medians. The median (or
upper limit of the second quartile) is the amount that divides a
given earnings distribution into two equal groups, one having
earnings above the median and the other having earnings below
the median. Ten percent of workers in a given distribution have
earnings below the upper limit of the first decile (90 percent have
higher earnings), 25 percent have earnings below the upper limit
of the first quartile (75 percent have higher earnings), 75 percent
have earnings below the upper limit of the third quartile (25 percent have higher earnings), and 90 percent have earnings below
the upper limit of the ninth decile (10 percent have higher earnings).
The BLS estimating procedure for determining the median of
an earnings distribution places each reported or calculated weekly
earnings value into a $50-wide interval that is centered around
a multiple of $50. The actual value of the median is estimated
90
this series or in other publications.
1991; $4.75, effective October 1996; $5.15, effective September
1997; and $5.85, effective July 2007. Data for 1990–91, 1996–97,
and 2007 in table 22 reflect changes in the minimum wage that
took place during those years. Note that some States have established minimum-wage standards that exceed the Federal level.
The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act, because there are exemptions to the minimum
wage provisions of the law. In addition, some workers might have
rounded their hourly earnings to the nearest dollar in response
to survey questions. As a result, some might have been reported
with hourly earnings below the minimum wage when, in fact,
they earned the minimum wage or higher.
Wage and salary workers. These are workers who receive wages,
salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The
group includes employees in both the private and public sectors
but, for purposes of the earnings series, excludes all self-employed
persons, regardless of whether their businesses are incorporated.
Full-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of
earnings, workers who usually work 35 or more hours per week at
their sole or principal job are defined as working full time.
Part-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of
earnings, workers who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week
at their sole or principal job are defined as working part time.
Reliability
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than an entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the “true” population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies with the particular sample selected,
and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the “true” population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses generally are conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. Estimates of earnings and their standard
errors can be used to construct approximate confidence intervals,
or ranges of values that include the true population value with
known probabilities.
Workers paid by the hour. Workers who are paid an hourly wage
make up approximately three-fifths of all wage and salary workers. Workers paid by the hour are, therefore, included in the fulland part-time worker tables in this report, along with salaried
workers and other workers not paid by the hour. (Data for workers paid at hourly rates are presented separately in tables 9 to 11
and 18 to 22.)
Workers paid at or below the Federal minimum wage. The estimates of the numbers of workers with reported earnings at or
below the Federal minimum wage in tables 11 and 22 pertain
only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and
other workers who are not paid by the hour are not included, even
though some have earnings that, when converted to hourly rates,
are at or below the minimum wage. Consequently, the estimates
presented in this report likely understate the actual number of
workers with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage.
Research has shown, however, that the degree of understatement
is small. BLS does not routinely estimate the hourly earnings of
workers not paid by the hour, because of data quality concerns
associated with such an estimation process.
The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $2.90, effective
January 1979; $3.10, effective January 1980; $3.35, effective
January 1981; $3.80, effective April 1990; $4.25, effective April
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. This kind
of error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information
on all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in data
collection or processing.
For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and information on estimating standard errors, see the “Explanatory Notes
and Estimates of Error” section of Employment and Earnings, on the
BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
91