Highlights of Women’s
Earnings in 2009
BLS
U.S. Department of Labor
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
June 2010
Report 1025
Introduction
I
n 2009, women who were full-time wage and salary workers
had median weekly earnings of $657, or about 80 percent of
the $819 median for their male counterparts. In 1979, the first
year for which comparable earnings data are available, women
earned about 62 percent as much as men. After a gradual rise in
the 1980s and 1990s, the women's-to-men's earnings ratio peaked
at 81 percent in 2005 and 2006. (See chart 1 and tables 1 and 12.)
This report presents earnings data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a national monthly survey of approximately
60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Information on earnings is collected from one-fourth of the CPS sample each month. Readers
should note that the comparisons of earnings in this report are on a
broad level and do not control for many factors that can be significant in explaining earnings differences. For a detailed description
of the source of the data and an explanation of the concepts and
definitions used, see the accompanying technical note.
Highlights
Full-time workers
• Median weekly earnings were highest for women aged 55
to 64 ($727). Among men, earnings were highest for those
aged 45 to 64, with little difference between the earnings
of 45- to 54-year-olds and 55- to 64-year-olds ($967 and
$965, respectively). Young women and men aged 16 to
24 had the lowest earnings ($424 and $458, respectively).
(See table 1.)
• In the age groupings of those 35 years and older, women
had earnings that were roughly three-fourths as much as
their male counterparts. Among younger workers, the earnings differences between women and men were not as great.
Women earned 89 percent as much as men among workers
25 to 34 years old and 93 percent as much among 16- to
24-year-olds. (See table 1.)
• Between 1979 and 2009, the earnings gap between women
and men narrowed for most age groups. The women’s-tomen’s earnings ratio among 25- to 34-year-olds, for example, rose from 68 percent in 1979 to 89 percent in 2009, and
the ratio for 45- to 54-year-olds increased from 57 percent
to 74 percent. The earnings ratios for teenagers (91 percent
in 2009) and for workers aged 65 and older (76 percent
in 2009) fluctuated from 1979 to 2009, but the long-term
trends were essentially flat. (See table 12.)
• Asian women and men earned more than their White,
Black, and Hispanic counterparts in 2009. Among women, Whites ($669) earned 86 percent as much as Asians
($779), while Blacks ($582) and Hispanics ($509) earned
75 percent and 65 percent as much, respectively. In comparison, White men ($845) earned 89 percent as much as
Asian men ($952); Black men ($621) earned 65 percent as
much; and Hispanic men ($569), 60 percent. (See chart 2
and tables 1 and 14.)
• Earnings differences between women and men were widest
for Whites and for Asians. White women earned 79 percent
as much as their male counterparts in 2009, while Asian
women earned 82 percent as much. By comparison, Hispanic women had earnings that were 90 percent of those
of their male counterparts, while Black women earned 94
percent as much as Black men. (See tables 1 and 14.)
• Across the major race and Hispanic ethnicity categories,
women’s inflation-adjusted earnings grew significantly
from 1979 to 2009. Growth in real earnings for White women, however, has outpaced that of their Black and Hispanic
counterparts. Between 1979 and 2009, inflation-adjusted
earnings for White women rose by 32 percent, while earnings growth among Black and Hispanic women was 25 percent and 18 percent, respectively. In contrast, real earnings
for White men edged up by just 3 percent over the 30-year
span, those for Black men showed no growth, and Hispanic
men’s earnings fell by 6 percent. (See table 15.)
The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods—CPI-U-RS—is used to convert current dollars to constant
dollars for the inflation-adjusted comparisons in this report.
Asians could not be included in this analysis because of the limited comparable data series available. (See note in table 15.)
• Median weekly earnings vary significantly by educational
level. Among both women and men aged 25 and older, the
weekly earnings of those without a high school diploma
($382 for women and $500 for men) were less than half of
those with a college degree ($970 for women and $1,327 for
men) in 2009. Women and men with a high school diploma
but no college earned a little more than half of what college
graduates did. (See tables 1 and 6.)
• At all levels of education, women have fared better than
men with respect to earnings growth. Although both women
and men with less than a high school diploma have experi-
enced declines in inflation-adjusted earnings since 1979, the
drop for women was significantly less than that for men: 9
percent as opposed to 28 percent. On an inflation-adjusted
basis, earnings for women with college degrees have increased by 33 percent since 1979 while those of male college graduates have risen by 22 percent. (Data pertain to
workers aged 25 and older.) (See chart 3 and table 17.)
• Among full-time workers (that is, those working 35 hours
or more per week in a job), men were more likely than
women to have a longer workweek. In 2009, 25 percent of
men working full-time jobs had workweeks of 41 or more
hours, compared with 14 percent of female full-time workers. Women were more likely than men to work 35 to 39
hours per week: 13 percent as opposed to 5 percent. A large
majority of both male and female full-time workers had a
40-hour workweek; among these workers, women earned
86 percent as much as men. (See table 5.)
• Women working full time in management, business, and
financial operations jobs had median weekly earnings of
$955 in 2009, more than women earned in any other major occupational category. The second-highest paying job
group was professional and related occupations, in which
women earned $880 per week. Within management, business, and finance, the highest paying jobs for women were
chief executives and computer and information systems
managers. Within professional and related occupations,
women working as pharmacists or lawyers had the highest
median weekly earnings. (See table 2.)
Part-time workers
• Women are more likely than men to work part time—that
is, fewer than 35 hours per week in the sole or principal job.
Women who worked part time made up 26 percent of all
female wage and salary workers in 2009. In contrast, only
13 percent of men in wage and salary jobs worked part time.
(See tables 4 and 5.) These proportions have not changed
much over time.
• The occupational distributions of female and male full-time
workers differ considerably. Compared with men, relatively
few women work in construction, production, or transportation occupations, and women are far more concentrated in
administrative support jobs. (See chart 4 and table 2.)
• Median weekly earnings of female part-time workers were
$229, compared with $222 for their male counterparts.
The women’s-to-men’s earnings ratio for part-time workers is higher than that for full-time workers in part because
male part-timers are more concentrated in the youngest age
groups, which typically have low earnings. Forty-three percent of male part-timers were 16 to 24 years old, compared
with 29 percent of female part-timers. (See table 4.)
• Although women are more likely than men to work in professional and related occupations, they are not as well represented in the higher paying job groups within this broad
category. In 2009, only 9 percent of female professionals,
compared with 43 percent of male professionals, were employed in the relatively high paying computer and engineering fields. Professional women were more likely to work
in the education and health care occupations, in which pay
was generally lower. Sixty-nine percent of female professionals worked in these fields in 2009, compared with 30
percent of male professionals. (See table 2.)
Workers paid by the hour
• Sixty-one percent of women and 55 percent of men employed
in wage and salary jobs were paid by the hour in 2009. Women
who were paid hourly rates had median hourly earnings of
$11.76, about 86 percent of the median for men paid by the
hour ($13.76). (See tables 9, 10, and 18–22.)
• Among workers who were paid hourly rates in 2009, 6 percent of women and 4 percent of men had hourly earnings at
or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage. (See tables
11 and 22.)
• The ratio of female-to-male earnings varied by place of
residence, ranging from 65 percent in Louisiana to 97 percent in the District of Columbia. The differences among the
States reflect, in part, variation in the occupations and industries found in each State and in the age composition of
each State’s labor force. The sampling error for the State
estimates is considerably larger than it is for the national
estimates; thus, comparisons of State estimates should be
made with caution. (See table 3.)
On July 24, 2009, the Federal minimum wage rose from $6.55
to $7.25 an hour. Minimum wage data in this report reflect the average number of workers who earned $6.55 or less from January
2009 through July 2009 and those who earned $7.25 or less from
August 2009 through the end of the year. (For information about
workers with earnings below the Federal minimum wage, see the
accompanying technical note.)
• Median weekly earnings for married women and men were
higher than those for their unmarried counterparts. As a
group, married workers tend to be older and so are more
likely to be in their prime earning years. Among married
workers of either sex, the earnings of those with children
under age 18 were little different from those without children. Among unmarried workers, women without children
earned 14 percent more than those with children. The opposite was true among unmarried men: those with children
earned 8 percent more than those with no children. (See
table 8.)
• Among both women and men, hourly paid workers aged
16 to 19 were the most likely to have earnings at or below
the minimum wage. Nineteen percent of teenage workers
paid hourly rates earned the prevailing Federal minimum
wage or less, compared with just 3 percent of hourly paid
workers aged 25 and older. Among 20- to 24-year-olds, 9
percent had earnings at or below the minimum wage. (See
table 11.)
2
Chart 1. Women’s earnings as a percent of men’s, full-time wage and salary workers,
1979–2009 annual averages
Percent
90
Percent
90
85
85
80
80
75
75
70
70
65
65
60
60
55
55
50
50
1979
1984
1994
1989
1999
2004
2009
NOTE: Data relate to median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers.
Chart 2. Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 2009 annual averages
Earnings
(dollars)
Earnings
(dollars)
1,200
1,200
Men
Women
1,000
1,000
$952
$845
$819
$779
800
$657
$669
$582
600
800
$621
$569
600
$509
400
400
200
200
0
Total
White
Black or AfricanAmerican
Asian
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
3
Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity
0
Chart 3. Percent change of constant-dollar median usual weekly earnings, by educational attainment and sex,
1979–2009
Less than a high school diploma
Men
–28.0
Women
–8.8
–15.6
High school graduate, no college
6.3
–7.8
Some college or associate’s degree
8.4
21.6
Bachelor’s degree and higher
–40
33.4
–30
–20
–10
0
10
20
30
40
Percent change
NOTE: Data relate to earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older.
Chart 4. Distribution of full-time wage and salary employment, by sex and major occupation group,
2009 annual averages
Percent
of total
40
Percent
of total
40
Men
Women
28.9
30
30
22.9
20
18.7
16.2 15.7
18.5
17.8
20
16.1
12.9
9.6
9.4
10
10
6.8
5.6
0.9
0
0
Management,
Professional
business, and
and related
financial operations
Service
Sales and related
Occupation
4
Office and
Natural resources, Production,
administrative construction, and transportation,
support
maintenance
and material
moving
Statistical Tables
Page
1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by selected characteristics,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 7
2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 9
3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by State and sex, 2009 annual averages...................... 35
4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers, by selected characteristics,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 37
5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours usually worked and sex,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 39
6. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages.......................................................................................................................... 41
7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected characteristics,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 42
8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, marital status, and presence and
age of own children under 18 years old, 2009 annual averages................................................................................................ 44
9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by selected characteristics,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 45
1 0.Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected characteristics,
2009 annual averages................................................................................................................................................................. 47
1 1. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage,
by selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages..................................................................................................................... 49
1 2.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex and age,
1979–2009 annual averages....................................................................................................................................................... 51
1 3.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex and
age, 1979–2009 annual averages............................................................................................................................................... 55
1 4.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex, race, and
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual averages........................................................................................................ 58
1 5.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race,
and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual averages................................................................................................. 62
1 6.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, in current dollars, by
sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual averages................................................................................................... 65
1 7.Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, in constant (2009)
dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual averages................................................................................. 69
1 8.Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex and age,
1979–2009 annual averages....................................................................................................................................................... 72
5
Statistical Tables, continued
Page
1 9.Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex and
age, 1979–2009 annual averages............................................................................................................................................... 76
2 0.Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex, race, and
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual averages........................................................................................................ 79
2 1.Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex,
race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual averages........................................................................................ 83
2 2.Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage,
by sex, 1979–2009 annual averages.......................................................................................................................................... 86
6
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages
Both sexes
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years.......................................................
16 to 19 years....................................................
20 to 24 years....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years....................................................
35 to 44 years....................................................
45 to 54 years....................................................
55 to 64 years....................................................
65 years and older.............................................
99,820
8,957
1,121
7,836
90,863
23,860
24,368
25,323
14,729
2,584
$739
442
344
464
774
678
817
838
841
684
$2
3
5
4
2
3
5
5
6
11
44,712
3,943
448
3,496
40,769
10,412
10,582
11,695
6,943
1,138
$657
424
323
445
687
634
709
712
727
602
$2
4
6
5
3
5
6
5
6
11
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White.....................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian.....................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
80,873
11,713
4,923
14,624
757
601
880
541
2
3
12
5
35,144
6,327
2,196
5,474
669
582
779
509
3
4
18
4
25,622
57,792
16,406
10,954
3,862
1,590
595
829
691
728
598
662
2
3
4
5
7
13
11,331
23,828
9,554
6,391
1,959
1,204
577
708
646
680
561
629
4
4
5
6
9
13
13,602
14,960
84,860
908
901
710
5
5
2
5,733
6,417
38,295
840
833
628
7
7
2
90,863
7,289
25,377
25,117
33,080
774
454
626
726
1,137
2
4
3
3
3
40,769
2,370
10,619
12,181
15,599
687
382
542
630
970
3
3
4
3
5
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married.......................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated..........................................................
Widowed............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2 .............................................
Represented by unions 3........................................
Not represented by a union...................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college ...................................
Some college or associate's degree...................
Bachelor's degree and higher ..........................
See footnotes at end of table.
7
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years.......................................................
16 to 19 years....................................................
20 to 24 years....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years....................................................
35 to 44 years....................................................
45 to 54 years....................................................
55 to 64 years....................................................
65 years and older.............................................
55,108
5,014
674
4,340
50,094
13,448
13,786
13,627
7,786
1,446
$819
458
356
479
873
715
916
967
965
791
$3
5
6
3
3
5
6
6
7
17
80.2
92.6
90.7
92.9
78.7
88.7
77.4
73.6
75.3
76.1
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White.....................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian.....................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
45,730
5,386
2,727
9,150
845
621
952
569
4
5
12
6
79.2
93.7
81.8
89.5
14,291
33,964
6,852
4,564
1,903
386
608
936
761
805
649
791
3
4
7
9
16
28
94.9
75.6
84.9
84.5
86.4
79.5
7,869
8,543
46,565
957
953
786
6
6
4
87.8
87.4
79.9
50,094
4,919
14,758
12,936
17,481
873
500
716
835
1,327
3
3
4
6
9
78.7
76.4
75.7
75.4
73.1
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married.......................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated..........................................................
Widowed............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2 .............................................
Represented by unions 3........................................
Not represented by a union...................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college ...................................
Some college or associate's degree...................
Bachelor's degree and higher ..........................
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety of
factors in addition to coverage by a collective bargaining agreement, including the distribution of male
and female employees by occupation, industry, firm size, and geographic region.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3 Data refer to workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an
employee association contract, as well as to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
NOTE: Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not
sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
8
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older……………………………………
99,820
$739
$2
44,712
$657
$2
Management, professional, and related occupations……
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations……………………………………
Management occupations………………………………
Chief executives………………………………………
General and operations managers…………………
Legislators………………………………………………
Advertising and promotions managers………………
Marketing and sales managers………………………
Public relations managers……………………………
Administrative services managers……………………
Computer and information systems managers……
Financial managers……………………………………
Human resources managers…………………………
Industrial production managers………………………
Purchasing managers…………………………………
Transportation, storage, and
distribution managers………………………………
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers………
Construction managers………………………………
Education administrators…………………………….
Engineering managers…………………………………
Food service managers………………………………
Funeral directors……….………………………………
Gaming managers……………..………………………
Lodging managers……………………………………
Medical and health services managers………………
Natural sciences managers…………………………
Postmasters and mail superintendents………………
Property, real estate, and
community association managers……….. ………
Social and community service managers……………
Managers, all other……………………………………
Business and financial operations occupations………
Agents and business managers of
artists, performers, and athletes……………………
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products……
Wholesale and retail buyers,
except farm products…………………………………
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and
farm products…………………………………………
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners,
and investigators……………………………………
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and
transportation…………………………………………
Cost estimators…………………………………………
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists……………………………………………
Logisticians……………………………………………
Management analysts…………………………………
Meeting and convention planners……………………
Other business operations specialists………………
39,080
1,044
4
20,152
907
4
15,879
10,907
1,105
919
16
62
857
64
105
441
1,091
282
230
181
1,138
1,208
1,916
1,270
(1)
1,085
1,330
1,402
1,091
1,726
1,149
1,234
1,254
1,176
5
13
10
43
(1)
261
48
106
71
90
18
51
41
80
7,244
4,399
268
263
4
33
346
35
43
122
606
182
33
91
955
1,002
1,553
1,110
(1)
(1)
1,052
(1)
(1)
1,411
961
1,072
(1)
1,029
6
12
57
56
(1)
(1)
35
(1)
(1)
70
20
56
(1)
55
211
93
454
674
114
614
29
18
107
489
11
33
919
785
1,218
1,208
1,773
668
(1)
(1)
765
1,211
(1)
(1)
42
72
35
47
151
19
(1)
(1)
23
37
(1)
(1)
30
12
29
407
10
281
3
6
51
337
5
20
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,093
(1)
602
(1)
(1)
731
1,143
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
68
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
29
26
(1)
(1)
336
298
2,072
4,972
887
959
1,174
996
39
33
20
10
187
203
788
2,845
791
898
1,037
894
22
34
27
12
20
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
10
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
119
884
50
67
770
26
216
863
33
114
783
39
253
941
31
155
845
54
192
104
1,083
1,027
35
66
99
15
970
(1)
60
(1)
765
56
392
41
297
918
1,078
1,247
(1)
899
23
179
39
(1)
46
539
18
186
34
200
845
(1)
1,177
(1)
808
24
(1)
35
(1)
43
See footnotes at end of table.
9
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Total, 16 years and older..................................................
55,108
$819
$3
80.2
Management, professional, and related occupations……
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations……………………………………
Management occupations………………………………
Chief executives………………………………………
General and operations managers…………………
Legislators………………………………………………
Advertising and promotions managers………………
Marketing and sales managers………………………
Public relations managers……………………………
Administrative services managers……………………
Computer and information systems managers……
Financial managers……………………………………
Human resources managers…………………………
Industrial production managers………………………
Purchasing managers…………………………………
Transportation, storage, and
distribution managers………………………………
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers………
Construction managers………………………………
Education administrators…………………………….
Engineering managers…………………………………
Food service managers………………………………
Funeral directors……….………………………………
Gaming managers……………..………………………
Lodging managers……………………………………
Medical and health services managers………………
Natural sciences managers…………………………
Postmasters and mail superintendents………………
Property, real estate, and
community association managers……….. ………
Social and community service managers……………
Managers, all other……………………………………
Business and financial operations occupations………
Agents and business managers of
artists, performers, and athletes……………………
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products……
Wholesale and retail buyers,
except farm products…………………………………
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and
farm products…………………………………………
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners,
and investigators……………………………………
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and
transportation…………………………………………
Cost estimators…………………………………………
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists……………………………………………
Logisticians……………………………………………
Management analysts…………………………………
Meeting and convention planners……………………
Other business operations specialists………………
18,928
1,248
5
72.7
8,635
6,508
837
656
12
28
511
29
62
319
485
100
197
90
1,334
1,384
2,084
1,372
(1)
(1)
1,536
(1)
1,148
1,788
1,443
1,548
1,332
1,383
12
13
87
29
(1)
(1)
35
(1)
59
84
29
50
70
182
71.6
72.4
74.5
80.9
(²)
(²)
68.5
(²)
(²)
78.9
66.6
69.3
(²)
74.4
181
81
424
266
104
334
26
11
56
152
6
13
899
812
1,236
1,432
1,855
754
(1)
(1)
864
1,448
(1)
(1)
39
73
23
46
173
31
(1)
(1)
67
52
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
76.3
(²)
79.8
(²)
(²)
84.6
78.9
(²)
(²)
149
95
1,284
2,127
982
1,147
1,292
1,171
33
69
46
18
80.5
78.3
80.3
76.3
10
4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
53
958
50
80.4
103
999
35
78.4
98
1,128
57
74.9
93
89
1,162
1,050
51
62
83.5
(²)
226
38
206
7
97
1,103
(1)
1,371
(1)
1,207
86
(1)
66
(1)
139
76.6
(²)
85.8
(²)
66.9
See footnotes at end of table.
10
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Accountants and auditors……………………………
1,403
Appraisers and assessors of real estate……………
59
Budget analysts………………………………………
56
Credit analysts…………………………………………
25
Financial analysts………………………………………
73
Personal financial advisors……………………………
306
Insurance underwriters………………………………
89
Financial examiners……………………………………
7
Loan counselors and officers…………………………
321
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents……
72
Tax preparers…………………………………………
51
Financial specialists, all other…………………………
51
Professional and related occupations…………………… 23,201
Computer and mathematical occupations……………
3,151
Computer scientists and systems analysts…………
663
Computer programmers………………………………
431
Computer software engineers…………………………
902
Computer support specialists…………………………
361
Database administrators………………………………
97
Network and computer systems administrators……
199
Network systems and data communications
analysts………………………………………………
342
Actuaries………………………………………………
21
Mathematicians…………………………………………
3
O
Operations
ti
research
h analysts…………………………
l t
97
Statisticians……………………………………………
33
Miscellaneous mathematical
science occupations…………………………………
2
Architecture and engineering occupations……………
2,397
Architects, except naval………………………………
132
Surveyors, cartographers, and
photogrammetrists…………………………………
46
Aerospace engineers…………………………………
126
Agricultural engineers…………………………………
2
Biomedical engineers…………………………………
17
60
Chemical engineers……………………………………
289
Civil engineers…………………………………………
Computer hardware engineers………………………
52
Electrical and electronics engineers…………………
288
Environmental engineers………………………………
29
Industrial engineers, including health and safety……
179
Marine engineers and naval architects………………
10
25
Materials engineers……………………………………
Mechanical engineers…………………………………
278
Mining and geological engineers, including
mining safety engineers……………………………
9
Nuclear engineers……………………………………
13
Petroleum engineers…………………………………
19
302
Engineers, all other……………………………………
130
Drafters…………………………………………………
330
Engineering technicians, except drafters……………
Surveying and mapping technicians…………………
62
Life, physical, and social science occupations………
1,106
Agricultural and food scientists………………………
26
See footnotes at end of table.
11
Median
weekly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$1,003
994
1,227
(1)
1,364
1,255
1,045
(1)
901
922
938
1,018
994
1,253
1,245
1,243
1,493
915
1,328
1,120
$17
48
50
(1)
81
55
88
(1)
50
50
101
130
5
11
22
27
25
32
177
46
857
24
29
11
24
98
57
3
185
52
36
33
12,908
782
184
91
192
93
34
43
$902
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,088
987
(1)
754
912
(1)
(1)
880
1,149
1,167
1,182
1,311
857
(1)
(1)
$19
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
55
53
(1)
31
51
(1)
(1)
5
16
36
47
109
72
(1)
(1)
1,147
(1)
(1)
1,248
1 248
(1)
25
(1)
(1)
279
(1)
77
10
1
43
15
1,032
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
53
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,266
1,175
(1)
14
56
1
321
32
(1)
1,061
(1)
(1)
39
(1)
(1)
1,488
(1)
(1)
1,551
1,326
1,342
1,502
(1)
1,280
(1)
(1)
1,343
(1)
52
(1)
(1)
29
40
71
41
(1)
111
(1)
(1)
23
10
14
2
12
24
5
25
9
32
1
2
14
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,450
916
937
764
1,059
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
38
34
26
41
39
(1)
1
4
41
32
56
4
481
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
799
(1)
940
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
44
(1)
20
(1)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Accountants and auditors……………………………
546
Appraisers and assessors of real estate……………
35
Budget analysts………………………………………
27
Credit analysts…………………………………………
14
Financial analysts………………………………………
49
Personal financial advisors……………………………
208
Insurance underwriters………………………………
32
Financial examiners……………………………………
3
Loan counselors and officers…………………………
137
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents……
20
Tax preparers…………………………………………
15
Financial specialists, all other…………………………
18
Professional and related occupations…………………… 10,293
Computer and mathematical occupations……………
2,369
Computer scientists and systems analysts…………
479
Computer programmers………………………………
340
Computer software engineers…………………………
710
Computer support specialists…………………………
267
Database administrators………………………………
63
Network and computer systems administrators……
156
Network systems and data communications
analysts………………………………………………
265
Actuaries………………………………………………
12
Mathematicians…………………………………………
2
O
Operations
ti
research
h analysts…………………………
l t
54
Statisticians……………………………………………
19
Miscellaneous mathematical
science occupations…………………………………
1
Architecture and engineering occupations……………
2,076
Architects, except naval………………………………
100
Surveyors, cartographers, and
photogrammetrists…………………………………
36
Aerospace engineers…………………………………
112
Agricultural engineers…………………………………
2
Biomedical engineers…………………………………
15
Chemical engineers……………………………………
48
Civil engineers…………………………………………
265
Computer hardware engineers………………………
47
Electrical and electronics engineers…………………
262
Environmental engineers………………………………
21
Industrial engineers, including health and safety……
147
Marine engineers and naval architects………………
9
Materials engineers……………………………………
22
Mechanical engineers…………………………………
264
Mining and geological engineers, including
mining safety engineers……………………………
9
Nuclear engineers……………………………………
13
Petroleum engineers…………………………………
15
Engineers, all other……………………………………
261
Drafters…………………………………………………
98
Engineering technicians, except drafters……………
274
Surveying and mapping technicians…………………
58
Life, physical, and social science occupations………
625
Agricultural and food scientists………………………
20
See footnotes at end of table.
12
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
$1,190
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,450
(1)
(1)
1,118
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,191
1,304
1,268
1,267
1,550
930
1,391
1,109
$39
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
74
(1)
(1)
66
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
27
41
39
33
44
52
57
75.8
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
75.0
(²)
(²)
67.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
73.9
88.1
92.0
93.3
84.6
92.2
(²)
(²)
1,187
(1)
(1)
1,380
1 380
(1)
67
(1)
(1)
93
(1)
86.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
1,318
1,197
(1)
23
89
(²)
80.5
(²)
(1)
1,505
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,336
(1)
1,521
(1)
1,358
(1)
(1)
1,350
(1)
62
(1)
(1)
(1)
34
(1)
48
(1)
40
(1)
(1)
24
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,495
936
959
769
1,190
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
63
33
26
45
39
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
83.3
(²)
79.0
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Biological scientists……………………………………
Conservation scientists and foresters………………
Medical scientists………………………………………
Astronomers and physicists…………………………
Atmospheric and space scientists……………………
Chemists and materials scientists……………………
Environmental scientists and geoscientists…………
Physical scientists, all other…………………………
Economists……………………………………………
Market and survey researchers………………………
Psychologists…………………………………………
Sociologists……………………………………………
Urban and regional planners…………………………
Miscellaneous social scientists and related
workers…………………………………………………
Agricultural and food science technicians…………
Biological technicians…………………………………
Chemical technicians…………………………………
Geological and petroleum technicians………………
Nuclear technicians……………………………………
Other life, physical, and social science
technicians……………………………………………
Community and social services occupations…………
Counselors………………………………………………
S i l workers…………………………………………
Social
k
Miscellaneous community and social service
specialists……………………………………………
Clergy……………………………………………………
Directors, religious activities and education…………
Religious workers, all other……………………………
Legal occupations………………………………………
Lawyers…………………………………………………
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers……
Paralegals and legal assistants………………………
Miscellaneous legal support workers………………
Education, training, and library occupations…………
Postsecondary teachers………………………………
Preschool and kindergarten teachers………………
Elementary and middle school teachers……………
Secondary school teachers……………………………
Special education teachers……………………………
Other teachers and instructors………………………
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians………
Librarians………………………………………………
Library technicians……………………………………
Teacher assistants……………………………………
Other education, training, and library workers………
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations………………………………………………
Artists and related workers……………………………
Designers………………………………………………
Actors……………………………………………………
Producers and directors………………………………
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers…
Median
weekly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
93
23
155
11
6
108
81
114
32
83
84
1
26
$1,120
(1)
1,102
(1)
(1)
1,205
1,158
1,422
(1)
1,097
1,145
(1)
(1)
$142
(1)
135
(1)
(1)
80
28
150
(1)
108
42
(1)
(1)
38
7
87
3
1
29
24
38
5
41
56
1
9
(1)
(1)
$975
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,091
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$35
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
108
(1)
(1)
29
30
20
50
13
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
767
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
62
(1)
(1)
18
15
9
19
6
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
121
1,913
551
627
736
783
761
787
29
13
17
16
69
1,162
376
496
740
741
750
774
27
11
18
16
291
356
47
40
1,217
653
64
309
191
6,426
873
496
2,444
1,106
334
310
33
144
26
596
63
712
935
(1)
(1)
1,200
1,757
1,101
846
845
887
1,169
612
918
978
970
796
(1)
886
(1)
472
1,002
17
30
(1)
(1)
35
86
120
22
67
8
25
15
10
15
29
45
(1)
34
(1)
11
33
188
49
27
25
681
239
28
268
146
4,728
428
487
1,986
603
284
194
18
113
21
546
48
680
(1)
(1)
(1)
985
1,449
(1)
845
791
836
1,030
614
891
940
967
723
(1)
875
(1)
474
(1)
20
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
54
(1)
22
45
7
38
14
10
17
30
44
(1)
80
(1)
11
(1)
1,416
64
454
9
87
131
888
1,085
836
(1)
1,070
826
14
315
25
(1)
81
139
600
17
219
3
36
21
775
(1)
730
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
(1)
24
(1)
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
13
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Biological scientists……………………………………
Conservation scientists and foresters………………
Medical scientists………………………………………
Astronomers and physicists…………………………
Atmospheric and space scientists……………………
Chemists and materials scientists……………………
Environmental scientists and geoscientists…………
Physical scientists, all other…………………………
Economists……………………………………………
Market and survey researchers………………………
Psychologists…………………………………………
Sociologists……………………………………………
Urban and regional planners…………………………
Miscellaneous social scientists and related
workers…………………………………………………
Agricultural and food science technicians…………
Biological technicians…………………………………
Chemical technicians…………………………………
Geological and petroleum technicians………………
Nuclear technicians……………………………………
Other life, physical, and social science
technicians……………………………………………
Community and social services occupations…………
Counselors………………………………………………
S i l workers…………………………………………
Social
k
Miscellaneous community and social service
specialists……………………………………………
Clergy……………………………………………………
Directors, religious activities and education…………
Religious workers, all other……………………………
Legal occupations………………………………………
Lawyers…………………………………………………
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers……
Paralegals and legal assistants………………………
Miscellaneous legal support workers………………
Education, training, and library occupations…………
Postsecondary teachers………………………………
Preschool and kindergarten teachers………………
Elementary and middle school teachers……………
Secondary school teachers……………………………
Special education teachers……………………………
Other teachers and instructors………………………
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians………
Librarians………………………………………………
Library technicians……………………………………
Teacher assistants……………………………………
Other education, training, and library workers………
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media
occupations………………………………………………
Artists and related workers……………………………
Designers………………………………………………
Actors……………………………………………………
Producers and directors………………………………
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers…
See footnotes at end of table.
14
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
55
15
68
9
4
79
57
76
26
42
28
17
$1,158
(1)
1,388
(1)
(1)
1,303
1,238
1,587
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$39
(1)
449
(1)
(1)
153
68
248
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
70.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
12
15
11
31
7
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
52
751
175
131
723
897
797
864
55
25
48
59
102.4
82.6
94.1
89.6
89 6
103
307
19
16
536
414
36
41
44
1,698
446
8
458
503
50
116
15
30
6
51
14
826
976
(1)
(1)
1,741
1,934
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,068
1,342
(1)
1,040
1,028
990
959
(1)
(1)
(1)
453
(1)
149
32
(1)
(1)
92
134
(1)
(1)
(1)
17
28
(1)
22
26
81
66
(1)
(1)
(1)
36
(1)
82.3
(²)
(²)
(²)
56.6
74.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
78.3
76.8
(²)
85.7
91.4
97.7
75.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
104.6
(²)
816
47
235
6
51
110
960
(1)
956
(1)
1,131
856
22
(1)
68
(1)
51
39
80.7
(²)
76.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Dancers and choreographers…………………………
Musicians, singers, and related workers……………
Entertainers and performers, sports and related
workers, all other……………………………………
Announcers……………………………………………
News analysts, reporters and correspondents……
Public relations specialists……………………………
Editors…………………………………………………
Technical writers………………………………………
Writers and authors……………………………………
Miscellaneous media and communication workers…
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians
and radio operators…………………………….……
Photographers…………………………………………
Television, video, and motion picture camera
operators and editors…………………………………
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations……
Chiropractors……………………………………………
Dentists…………………………………………………
Dietitians and nutritionists……………………………
Optometrists……………………………………………
Pharmacists……………………………………………
Physicians and surgeons……………………………
Physician assistants……………………………………
P di t i t
Podiatrists………………………………………………
Registered nurses……………………………………
Audiologists……………………………………………
Occupational therapists………………………………
Physical therapists……………………………………
Radiation therapists……………………………………
Recreational therapists………………………………
Respiratory therapists…………………………………
Speech-language pathologists………………………
Therapists, all other……………………………………
Veterinarians……………………………………………
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners,
all other………………………………………………
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians…
Dental hygienists………………………………………
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians…
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics…
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner
support technicians……………………...……………
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses…
Medical records and health information
technicians……………………………………………
Opticians, dispensing…………………………………
Miscellaneous health technologists and
technicians……………………………………………
Other healthcare practitioners and technical
occupations……………………………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
6
27
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
5
8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
21
65
108
119
41
75
52
(1)
(1)
$933
981
982
(1)
928
680
(1)
(1)
$64
62
64
(1)
112
53
5
1
28
57
62
24
43
33
(1)
(1)
(1)
$922
923
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$42
227
(1)
(1)
(1)
61
57
928
670
68
54
5
29
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
27
5,575
10
39
66
6
214
615
72
9
2,129
10
71
114
15
17
95
88
73
35
(1)
970
(1)
(1)
759
(1)
1,841
1,738
1,499
(1)
1,039
(1)
1,146
1,166
(1)
(1)
943
1,153
832
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
29
(1)
130
80
64
(1)
13
(1)
40
33
(1)
(1)
28
38
33
(1)
4
4,153
3
22
55
2
92
211
39
2
1,931
7
58
68
9
15
58
86
56
20
(1)
924
(1)
(1)
770
(1)
1,475
1,228
(1)
(1)
1,035
(1)
1,155
1,104
(1)
(1)
935
1,148
786
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
111
158
(1)
(1)
13
(1)
35
97
(1)
(1)
36
36
80
(1)
6
301
52
271
137
(1)
829
956
921
696
(1)
36
57
22
24
4
217
49
192
37
(1)
791
(1)
893
(1)
(1)
51
(1)
22
(1)
340
502
592
710
15
20
264
459
560
702
18
21
95
36
614
(1)
31
(1)
84
24
607
(1)
40
(1)
112
642
29
75
645
29
47
(1)
(1)
14
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
15
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Dancers and choreographers…………………………
Musicians, singers, and related workers……………
Entertainers and performers, sports and related
workers, all other……………………………………
Announcers……………………………………………
News analysts, reporters and correspondents……
Public relations specialists……………………………
Editors…………………………………………………
Technical writers………………………………………
Writers and authors……………………………………
Miscellaneous media and communication workers…
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians
and radio operators………………………….………
Photographers…………………………………………
Television, video, and motion picture camera
operators and editors…………………………………
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations……
Chiropractors……………………………………………
Dentists…………………………………………………
Dietitians and nutritionists……………………………
Optometrists……………………………………………
Pharmacists……………………………………………
Physicians and surgeons……………………………
Physician assistants……………………………………
P di t i t
Podiatrists………………………………………………
Registered nurses……………………………………
Audiologists……………………………………………
Occupational therapists………………………………
Physical therapists……………………………………
Radiation therapists……………………………………
Recreational therapists………………………………
Respiratory therapists…………………………………
Speech-language pathologists………………………
Therapists, all other……………………………………
Veterinarians……………………………………………
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners,
all other………………………………………………
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians…
Dental hygienists………………………………………
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians…
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics…
Health diagnosing and treating practitioner
support technicians……………………….…………
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses…
Medical records and health information
technicians……………………………………………
Opticians, dispensing…………………………………
Miscellaneous health technologists and
technicians……………………………………………
Other healthcare practitioners and technical
occupations……………………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
16
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
2
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
7
20
37
51
57
18
32
19
(1)
(1)
(1)
$1,044
992
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$137
55
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
88.3
93.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
56
27
954
(1)
57
(1)
(²)
(²)
24
1,422
7
17
11
3
122
404
33
7
197
2
13
46
6
3
36
2
17
15
(1)
1,184
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,954
1,914
(1)
(1)
1,090
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
37
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
96
23
(1)
(1)
43
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
78.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
75.5
64.2
(²)
(²)
95.0
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
2
85
2
78
101
(1)
925
(1)
1,018
717
(1)
37
(1)
239
36
(²)
85.5
(²)
87.7
(²)
76
43
733
(1)
47
(1)
76.4
(²)
11
13
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
38
(1)
(1)
(²)
33
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Service occupations………………………………………… 14,299
Healthcare support occupations…………………………
2,293
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides………
1,429
Occupational therapist assistants and aides………
9
Physical therapist assistants and aides……………
56
Massage therapists……………………………………
35
Dental assistants………………………………………
181
Medical assistants and other healthcare support
occupations……………………………………………
583
Protective service occupations…………………………… 2,705
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional
officers…………………………………………………
54
First-line supervisors/managers of police and
detectives………………………………………………
100
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting
and prevention workers………………………………
51
Supervisors, protective service workers, all other…
78
Fire fighters……………………………………………
265
Fire inspectors…………………………………………
17
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers……………
424
Detectives and criminal investigators………………
129
Fish and game wardens………………………………
5
7
Parking enforcement workers…………………………
Police and sheriff's p
patrol officers……………………
677
Transit and railroad police……………………………
4
Animal control workers………………………………
11
Private detectives and investigators…………………
65
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers…
745
Crossing guards………………………………………
18
Lifeguards and other protective service workers……
56
Food preparation and serving related occupations……… 3,809
Chefs and head cooks…………………………………
290
First-line supervisors/managers of food
preparation and serving workers……………………
439
Cooks…………………………………………………… 1,203
Food preparation workers……………………………
311
Bartenders………………………………………………
197
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food…………………………………
154
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession,
and coffee shop………………………………………
63
Waiters and waitresses………………………………
777
Food servers, nonrestaurant…………………………
77
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and
bartender helpers………………………..……………
128
Dishwashers……………………………………………
110
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and
coffee shop……………………………………………
55
Food preparation and serving related workers,
all other………………………………………………
6
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations………………………………………………… 3,298
First-line supervisors/managers of
housekeeping and janitorial workers………………
174
See footnotes at end of table.
17
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$470
472
438
(1)
667
(1)
533
$3
6
7
(1)
55
(1)
19
7,187
2,038
1,258
7
44
27
175
$418
464
430
(1)
(1)
(1)
532
$2
6
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
507
747
8
12
527
544
504
599
8
17
924
107
15
(1)
(1)
1,165
34
12
(1)
(1)
1,345
742
987
(1)
688
1,076
(1)
(1)
951
(1)
(1)
747
507
(1)
394
398
527
51
80
30
(1)
22
139
(1)
(1)
19
(1)
(1)
35
10
(1)
29
3
28
4
17
12
112
33
2
99
4
31
173
9
22
1,821
45
(1)
(1)
(1)
623
(1)
(1)
805
(1)
(1)
462
(1)
(1)
378
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
24
(1)
(1)
40
(1)
(1)
23
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
456
389
376
494
12
5
11
19
249
441
161
100
435
371
367
418
14
9
11
21
350
14
99
347
16
333
383
378
44
6
16
43
509
43
(1)
363
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
384
334
12
12
66
18
400
(1)
18
(1)
379
36
44
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
444
6
1,161
388
5
575
29
64
453
33
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Service occupations…………………………………………
Healthcare support occupations…………………………
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides………
Occupational therapist assistants and aides………
Physical therapist assistants and aides……………
Massage therapists……………………………………
Dental assistants………………………………………
Medical assistants and other healthcare support
occupations……………………………………………
Protective service occupations……………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional
officers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of police and
detectives………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting
and prevention workers………………………………
Supervisors, protective service workers, all other…
Fire fighters……………………………………………
Fire inspectors…………………………………………
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers……………
Detectives and criminal investigators………………
Fish and game wardens………………………………
Parking enforcement workers…………………………
Police and sheriff's patrol
officers……………………
p
Transit and railroad police……………………………
Animal control workers………………………………
Private detectives and investigators…………………
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers…
Crossing guards………………………………………
Lifeguards and other protective service workers……
Food preparation and serving related occupations………
Chefs and head cooks…………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of food
preparation and serving workers……………………
Cooks……………………………………………………
Food preparation workers……………………………
Bartenders………………………………………………
Combined food preparation and serving workers,
including fast food…………………………………
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession,
and coffee shop………………………………………
Waiters and waitresses………………………………
Food servers, nonrestaurant…………………………
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and
bartender helpers……………………………………
Dishwashers……………………………………………
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and
coffee shop……………………………………………
Food preparation and serving related workers,
all other………………………………………………
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of
housekeeping and janitorial workers………………
See footnotes at end of table.
18
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
7,113
255
171
2
12
8
6
$524
544
519
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$5
27
23
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
79.8
85.3
82.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
56
2,161
579
798
30
19
87.0
75.1
39
(1)
(1)
(²)
88
1,169
39
(²)
48
61
253
17
312
96
5
4
578
4
7
35
572
9
33
1,988
244
(1)
828
982
(1)
726
1,073
(1)
(1)
971
(1)
(1)
(1)
520
(1)
(1)
416
565
(1)
72
33
(1)
26
140
(1)
(1)
20
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
(1)
(1)
4
36
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
85.8
(²)
(²)
(²)
82.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
88.8
(²)
(²)
90.9
(²)
190
762
150
97
495
400
385
560
30
6
13
35
87.9
92.8
95.3
74.6
54
357
27
97.2
20
268
35
(1)
419
(1)
(1)
10
(1)
(²)
86.6
(²)
62
92
360
339
57
13
111.1
(²)
11
(1)
(1)
(²)
2
(1)
(1)
(²)
2,137
488
5
79.5
111
645
29
70.2
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
95
1,505
762
45
717
2,193
$727
473
377
(1)
437
440
$51
8
6
(1)
12
8
4
399
664
1
29
1,622
(1)
$401
371
(1)
(1)
415
(1)
$9
6
(1)
(1)
5
86
637
44
39
(1)
(1)
64
14
67
87
2
8
619
(1)
438
631
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
68
19
(1)
(1)
39
8
41
46
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
66
4
31
308
117
52
9
85
406
513
178
56
42
454
(1)
(1)
425
422
544
(1)
690
367
409
575
510
(1)
29
(1)
(1)
17
23
39
(1)
55
9
7
58
30
(1)
28
1
6
268
92
7
4
56
388
424
111
36
25
(1)
(1)
(1)
413
434
(1)
(1)
606
364
406
487
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
9
21
(1)
(1)
48
8
7
29
(1)
(1)
Sales and office occupations………………………………… 23,503
Sales and related occupations……………………………
9,489
First-line supervisors/managers of retail
sales workers………………………………………… 2,272
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail
sales workers………………. ………………………
815
Cashiers………………………………………………… 1,278
Counter and rental clerks……………………………
98
87
Parts salespersons……………………………………
Retail salespersons…………………………………… 1,837
Advertising sales agents………………………………
175
Insurance sales agents………………………………
390
Securities, commodities, and financial services
sales agents…………………………………………
259
Travel agents……………………………………………
44
Sales representatives, services, all other……………
418
Sales representatives, wholesale and
manufacturing………………………………………… 1,110
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters……
19
369
Real estate brokers and sales agents………………
Sales engineers………………………………………
31
62
Telemarketers…………………………………………
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street
vendors, and related workers………………………
44
624
665
2
6
14,458
4,208
590
525
2
7
688
9
1,009
597
9
972
378
496
571
523
940
760
25
6
57
36
11
44
20
260
903
42
8
786
95
205
780
361
(1)
(1)
443
847
692
32
6
(1)
(1)
12
119
25
1,139
(1)
850
24
(1)
30
70
37
129
798
(1)
747
106
(1)
31
939
(1)
820
(1)
417
16
(1)
58
(1)
20
297
16
199
3
41
736
(1)
745
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
(1)
(1)
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping,
lawn service, and groundskeeping workers………
Janitors and building cleaners………………………
Maids and housekeeping cleaners…………………
Pest control workers……………………………………
Grounds maintenance workers………………………
Personal care and service occupations…………………
First-line supervisors/managers of gaming
workers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of personal
service workers…………………..…………………
Animal trainers…………………………………………
Nonfarm animal caretakers……………………………
Gaming services workers……………………………
Motion picture projectionists…………………………
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers…………
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and
related workers………………………………………
Funeral service workers………………………………
Barbers…………………………………………………
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists………
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers………
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges…………
Tour and travel guides…………………………………
Transportation attendants……………………………
Child care workers……………………………………
Personal and home care aides………………………
Recreation and fitness workers………………………
Residential advisors……………………………………
Personal care and service workers, all other………
See footnotes at end of table.
19
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping,
lawn service, and groundskeeping workers………
Janitors and building cleaners………………………
Maids and housekeeping cleaners…………………
Pest control workers……………………………………
Grounds maintenance workers………………………
Personal care and service occupations…………………
First-line supervisors/managers of gaming
workers…………………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of personal
service workers…………………..…………………
Animal trainers…………………………………………
Nonfarm animal caretakers……………………………
Gaming services workers……………………………
Motion picture projectionists…………………………
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers…………
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and
related workers………………………………………
Funeral service workers………………………………
Barbers…………………………………………………
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists………
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers………
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges…………
Tour and travel guides…………………………………
Transportation attendants……………………………
Child care workers……………………………………
Personal and home care aides………………………
Recreation and fitness workers………………………
Residential advisors……………………………………
Personal care and service workers, all other………
Sales and office occupations…………………………………
Sales and related occupations……………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of retail
sales workers…………………………………………
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail
sales workers………………. ………………………
Cashiers…………………………………………………
Counter and rental clerks……………………………
Parts salespersons……………………………………
Retail salespersons……………………………………
Advertising sales agents………………………………
Insurance sales agents………………………………
Securities, commodities, and financial services
sales agents…………………………………………
Travel agents……………………………………………
Sales representatives, services, all other……………
Sales representatives, wholesale and
manufacturing…………………………………………
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters……
Real estate brokers and sales agents………………
Sales engineers………………………………………
Telemarketers…………………………………………
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street
vendors, and related workers………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
20
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
91
1,105
98
43
688
572
$740
494
444
(1)
435
546
$36
7
38
(1)
12
29
(²)
81.2
83.6
(²)
(²)
76.0
47
(1)
(1)
(²)
24
6
26
41
1
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
38
3
26
40
25
45
4
29
17
89
67
20
18
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
424
677
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
21
39
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
95.8
71.9
(²)
(²)
9,045
5,281
737
793
5
11
80.1
66.2
1,264
770
10
77.5
555
374
57
80
1,051
81
185
1,059
422
557
589
624
1,201
860
39
13
131
37
14
125
61
73.7
85.5
(²)
(²)
71.0
70.5
80.5
189
7
289
1,237
(1)
936
258
(1)
44
64.5
(²)
79.8
813
4
169
28
21
986
(1)
939
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
23
(1)
(1)
74.6
(²)
79.3
(²)
(²)
29
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Sales and related workers, all other…………………
180
Office and administrative support occupations………… 14,014
First-line supervisors/managers of office and
administrative support workers……………………
1,451
Switchboard operators, including answering
service…………………………………………………
37
Telephone operators…………………………………
37
Communications equipment operators, all other……
12
Bill and account collectors……………………………
184
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators…
406
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks………
869
Gaming cage workers…………………………………
9
Payroll and timekeeping clerks………………………
122
Procurement clerks……………………………………
20
Tellers……………………………………………………
317
Brokerage clerks………………………………………
5
Correspondence clerks………………………………
5
Court, municipal, and license clerks…………………
90
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks……………
45
Customer service representatives…………………… 1,495
Eligibility interviewers, government programs………
61
File clerks………………………………………………
210
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks…………………
102
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan………………
96
Library assistants
assistants, clerical
clerical……………………………
47
Loan interviewers and clerks…………………………
98
New accounts clerks…………………………………
25
Order clerks……………………………………………
88
Human resources assistants, except payroll and
timekeeping……………………………………………
37
Receptionists and information clerks…………………
843
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and
travel clerks……………………..……………………
88
Information and record clerks, all other………………
90
Cargo and freight agents………………………………
18
Couriers and messengers……………………………
185
Dispatchers……………………………………………
243
Meter readers, utilities…………………………………
40
Postal service clerks…………………………………
149
Postal service mail carriers……………………………
330
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and
processing machine operators………………………
75
Production, planning, and expediting clerks…………
241
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks………………
398
Stock clerks and order fillers…………………………
936
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers,
recordkeeping…………………………………………
49
Secretaries and administrative assistants…………
2,425
Computer operators……………………………………
100
Data entry keyers………………………………………
282
130
Word processors and typists…………………………
2
Desktop publishers……………………………………
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks……
227
Mail clerks and mail machine operators,
except postal service…………………………………
72
See footnotes at end of table.
21
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$765
612
$35
2
94
10,249
$726
602
$136
2
740
9
1,000
705
11
(1)
(1)
(1)
572
582
633
(1)
656
(1)
480
(1)
(1)
711
(1)
592
787
583
422
596
(1)
645
(1)
567
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
12
9
(1)
38
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
47
(1)
8
68
19
16
20
(1)
27
(1)
36
32
28
9
131
363
782
7
108
9
276
5
4
66
39
997
53
179
63
81
42
82
19
57
(1)
(1)
(1)
563
579
627
(1)
648
(1)
477
(1)
(1)
705
(1)
587
757
581
408
608
(1)
625
(1)
595
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
12
9
(1)
37
(1)
9
(1)
(1)
46
(1)
8
99
21
15
19
(1)
32
(1)
32
(1)
517
(1)
6
27
778
(1)
516
(1)
6
697
679
(1)
683
657
(1)
904
936
83
18
(1)
46
25
(1)
43
22
46
80
5
28
133
4
73
98
(1)
681
(1)
(1)
614
(1)
904
908
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
20
(1)
53
55
930
717
534
483
30
23
20
8
29
125
122
327
(1)
644
525
479
(1)
28
25
12
(1)
620
629
587
606
(1)
625
(1)
5
32
12
16
(1)
19
24
2,349
47
220
120
1
183
(1)
619
(1)
568
604
(1)
620
(1)
4
(1)
14
15
(1)
21
514
28
33
(1)
(1)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Sales and related workers, all other…………………
Office and administrative support occupations…………
First-line supervisors/managers of office and
administrative support workers……………………
Switchboard operators, including answering
service…………………………………………………
Telephone operators…………………………………
Communications equipment operators, all other……
Bill and account collectors……………………………
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators…
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks………
Gaming cage workers…………………………………
Payroll and timekeeping clerks………………………
Procurement clerks……………………………………
Tellers……………………………………………………
Brokerage clerks………………………………………
Correspondence clerks………………………………
Court, municipal, and license clerks…………………
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks……………
Customer service representatives……………………
Eligibility interviewers, government programs………
File clerks………………………………………………
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks…………………
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan………………
Library assistants
assistants, clerical
clerical……………………………
Loan interviewers and clerks…………………………
New accounts clerks…………………………………
Order clerks……………………………………………
Human resources assistants, except payroll and
timekeeping……………………………………………
Receptionists and information clerks…………………
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and
travel clerks…………... ………………………………
Information and record clerks, all other………………
Cargo and freight agents………………………………
Couriers and messengers……………………………
Dispatchers……………………………………………
Meter readers, utilities…………………………………
Postal service clerks…………………………………
Postal service mail carriers……………………………
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and
processing machine operators………………………
Production, planning, and expediting clerks…………
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks………………
Stock clerks and order fillers…………………………
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers,
recordkeeping…………………………………………
Secretaries and administrative assistants…………
Computer operators……………………………………
Data entry keyers………………………………………
Word processors and typists…………………………
Desktop publishers……………………………………
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks……
Mail clerks and mail machine operators,
except postal service…………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
22
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
86
3,765
$828
657
$61
7
87.7
91.6
451
837
32
84.2
5
9
4
53
42
87
2
14
11
41
1
24
7
498
8
31
39
15
5
16
5
32
(1)
(1)
(1)
590
(1)
671
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
617
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
30
(1)
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
95.4
(²)
93.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
95.1
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
9
64
(1)
537
(1)
54
(²)
96.1
42
10
13
157
110
36
75
232
(1)
(1)
(1)
719
747
(1)
905
944
(1)
(1)
(1)
60
36
(1)
68
24
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
82.2
(²)
99.9
96.2
46
116
276
609
(1)
928
538
485
(1)
44
24
10
(²)
69.4
97.6
98.8
25
77
54
62
10
1
44
(1)
666
740
689
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
82
33
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
92.9
(²)
82.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
39
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Office clerks, general…………………………………
723
Office machine operators, except computer…………
34
5
Proofreaders and copy markers………………………
Statistical assistants……………………………………
15
Office and administrative support workers, all
other……………………………………………………
444
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations………………………………………………… 10,216
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations………………
707
First-line supervisors/managers of farming,
fishing, and forestry workers…………………………
37
Agricultural inspectors…………………………………
18
Animal breeders………………………………………
1
Graders and sorters, agricultural products…………
71
Miscellaneous agricultural workers…………………
515
Fishers and related fishing workers…………………
10
Hunters and trappers…………………………………
1
Forest and conservation workers……………………
16
Logging workers………………………………………
37
Construction and extraction occupations………………… 5,267
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction workers ………
532
Boilermakers……………………………………………
23
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons……
102
Carpenters
Carpenters………………………………………………
734
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers………
118
Cement masons, concrete finishers, and
terrazzo workers………………………………………
55
Construction laborers…………………………………
959
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment
operators………………………………………………
13
Pile-driver operators……………………………………
4
Operating engineers and other construction
equipment operators…………………………………
319
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers…
111
Electricians……………………………………………
644
Glaziers…………………………………………………
33
Insulation workers………………………………………
27
Painters, construction and maintenance……………
297
Paperhangers…………………………………………
2
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters…
415
Plasterers and stucco masons………………………
20
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers…………………
9
Roofers…………………………………………………
152
Sheet metal workers…………………………………
125
Structural iron and steel workers……………………
53
Helpers, construction trades…………………………
63
Construction and building inspectors………………
72
Elevator installers and repairers………………………
35
22
Fence erectors…………………………………………
27
Hazardous materials removal workers………………
Highway maintenance workers………………………
104
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment
operators………………………………………………
12
See footnotes at end of table.
23
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
$602
(1)
(1)
(1)
$8
(1)
(1)
(1)
594
20
5
8
$594
(1)
(1)
(1)
$9
(1)
(1)
(1)
649
17
337
617
11
719
416
5
7
416
135
542
372
19
14
(1)
(1)
(1)
408
396
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
718
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
6
3
8
45
77
1
1
113
(1)
(1)
(1)
346
(1)
(1)
673
(1)
(1)
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
55
965
(1)
701
662
586
21
(1)
36
20
23
14
1
14
4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
631
596
45
8
22
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
748
590
856
(1)
(1)
529
(1)
793
(1)
(1)
600
765
779
507
916
(1)
(1)
(1)
763
35
18
31
(1)
(1)
35
(1)
29
(1)
(1)
14
40
33
32
36
(1)
(1)
(1)
32
3
2
16
1
9
4
3
2
3
4
2
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Office clerks, general…………………………………
Office machine operators, except computer…………
Proofreaders and copy markers………………………
Statistical assistants……………………………………
Office and administrative support workers, all
other……………………………………………………
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations…………………………………………………
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations………………
First-line supervisors/managers of farming,
fishing, and forestry workers…………………………
Agricultural inspectors…………………………………
Animal breeders………………………………………
Graders and sorters, agricultural products…………
Miscellaneous agricultural workers…………………
Fishers and related fishing workers…………………
Hunters and trappers…………………………………
Forest and conservation workers……………………
Logging workers………………………………………
Construction and extraction occupations…………………
First-line supervisors/managers of
construction trades and extraction workers ………
Boilermakers……………………………………………
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons……
Carpenters
Carpenters………………………………………………
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers………
Cement masons, concrete finishers, and
terrazzo workers………………………………………
Construction laborers…………………………………
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment
operators………………………………………………
Pile-driver operators……………………………………
Operating engineers and other construction
equipment operators…………………………………
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers…
Electricians……………………………………………
Glaziers…………………………………………………
Insulation workers………………………………………
Painters, construction and maintenance……………
Paperhangers…………………………………………
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters…
Plasterers and stucco masons………………………
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers…………………
Roofers…………………………………………………
Sheet metal workers…………………………………
Structural iron and steel workers……………………
Helpers, construction trades…………………………
Construction and building inspectors………………
Elevator installers and repairers………………………
Fence erectors…………………………………………
Hazardous materials removal workers………………
Highway maintenance workers………………………
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment
operators………………………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
24
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
129
14
7
$647
(1)
(1)
$26
(1)
(1)
91.8
(²)
(²)
(²)
107
822
67
75.1
9,800
572
727
428
5
13
74.6
86.9
34
10
1
26
438
9
16
36
5,154
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
405
(1)
(1)
(1)
719
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
(1)
6
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
85.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
93.6
517
22
102
720
114
963
(1)
701
665
590
22
(1)
36
20
22
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
55
937
631
595
45
9
(²)
(²)
13
4
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
315
109
628
33
26
288
2
411
20
9
152
121
50
60
67
35
22
26
101
750
592
858
(1)
(1)
524
(1)
795
(1)
(1)
600
765
779
520
926
(1)
(1)
(1)
766
34
17
31
(1)
(1)
31
(1)
28
(1)
(1)
14
40
36
31
41
(1)
(1)
(1)
32
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
12
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners……
Miscellaneous construction and related workers……
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators,
oil, gas, and mining…………………………………
Earth drillers, except oil and gas……………………
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts,
and blasters……………………………………………
Mining machine operators……………………………
Roof bolters, mining……………………………………
Roustabouts, oil and gas………………………………
Helpers—extraction workers…………………………
Other extraction workers………………………………
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations………
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics,
installers, and repairers………………………………
Computer, automated teller, and office machine
repairers………………………………………………
Radio and telecommunications equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Avionics technicians……………………………………
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers……
Electrical and electronics installers and
repairers, transportation equipment………………
Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial
and utility
utility………………………………………………
Electronic equipment installers and repairers,
motor vehicles…………………………………………
Electronic home entertainment equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Security and fire alarm systems installers…………
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians…………
Automotive body and related repairers………………
Automotive glass installers and repairers……………
Automotive service technicians and mechanics……
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine
specialists……………………………………………
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service
technicians and mechanics…………………………
Small engine mechanics………………………………
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers………………
Control and valve installers and repairers…………
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers……………………………
Home appliance repairers……………………………
Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics……
Maintenance and repair workers, general…………
Maintenance workers, machinery……………………
Millwrights………………………………………………
Electrical power-line installers and repairers………
Telecommunications line installers and repairers…
Precision instrument and equipment repairers……
Coin, vending, and amusement machine
servicers and repairers………………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
7
29
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
22
15
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
10
52
5
4
6
37
4,242
(1)
$1,018
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
781
(1)
$33
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
1
2
167
(1)
(1)
$644
(1)
(1)
$22
318
964
40
30
(1)
(1)
282
801
28
44
(1)
(1)
155
13
28
900
(1)
(1)
29
(1)
(1)
12
1
-
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
-
7
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
12
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
17
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
58
61
128
129
20
621
656
718
948
661
(1)
667
48
25
40
68
(1)
20
3
1
5
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
297
803
18
1
(1)
(1)
208
36
837
(1)
50
(1)
3
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
67
26
450
(1)
47
(1)
2
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
309
31
400
371
31
46
128
176
47
764
(1)
800
719
(1)
(1)
1,018
795
(1)
28
(1)
24
31
(1)
(1)
63
37
(1)
2
1
12
10
1
2
6
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
33
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners……
Miscellaneous construction and related workers……
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators,
oil, gas, and mining…………………………………
Earth drillers, except oil and gas……………………
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts,
and blasters……………………………………………
Mining machine operators……………………………
Roof bolters, mining……………………………………
Roustabouts, oil and gas………………………………
Helpers--extraction workers…………………………
Other extraction workers………………………………
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations………
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics,
installers, and repairers………………………………
Computer, automated teller, and office machine
repairers………………………………………………
Radio and telecommunications equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Avionics technicians……………………………………
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers……
Electrical and electronics installers and
repairers, transportation equipment………………
Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial
and utility
utility………………………………………………
Electronic equipment installers and repairers,
motor vehicles…………………………………………
Electronic home entertainment equipment
installers and repairers………………………………
Security and fire alarm systems installers…………
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians…………
Automotive body and related repairers………………
Automotive glass installers and repairers……………
Automotive service technicians and mechanics……
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine
specialists……………………………………………
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service
technicians and mechanics…………………………
Small engine mechanics………………………………
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment
mechanics, installers, and repairers………………
Control and valve installers and repairers…………
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers……………………………
Home appliance repairers……………………………
Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics……
Maintenance and repair workers, general…………
Maintenance workers, machinery……………………
Millwrights………………………………………………
Electrical power-line installers and repairers………
Telecommunications line installers and repairers…
Precision instrument and equipment repairers……
Coin, vending, and amusement machine
servicers and repairers………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
26
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
7
28
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
22
15
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
10
52
5
4
5
35
4,075
(1)
$1,017
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
787
(1)
$33
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
81.8
288
988
24
(²)
238
808
28
(²)
142
12
28
911
(1)
(1)
28
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
7
(1)
(1)
(²)
12
(1)
(1)
(²)
17
(1)
(1)
(²)
55
60
123
128
20
612
671
722
946
663
(1)
669
71
29
39
67
(1)
20
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
295
804
18
(²)
205
36
848
(1)
50
(1)
(²)
(²)
65
25
445
(1)
47
(1)
(²)
(²)
306
30
388
361
31
46
126
170
42
764
(1)
805
731
(1)
(1)
1,026
799
(1)
30
(1)
25
30
(1)
(1)
66
36
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
27
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Commercial divers……………………………………
Locksmiths and safe repairers………………………
Manufactured building and mobile home installers…
Riggers…………………………………………………
Signal and track switch repairers……………………
Helpers—installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Other installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
4
25
3
6
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
19
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
127
$609
$33
7
(1)
(1)
605
610
3
4
2,500
1,712
$472
472
$6
7
855
31
112
680
31
(1)
(1)
5
(1)
(1)
525
(1)
(1)
542
455
26
(1)
(1)
13
40
80
3
268
57
486
(1)
488
466
17
(1)
12
63
491
11
56
418
18
(1)
493
(1)
730
(1)
30
(1)
44
5
21
3
5
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
570
17
17
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
714
(1)
(1)
18
(1)
1
21
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations………………………………………………… 12,722
Production occupations……………………………………
6,576
First-line supervisors/managers of production
and operating workers………………………………
686
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems
assemblers……………………………………………
17
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers……………………………………………
134
Engine and other machine assemblers………………
15
Structural metal fabricators and fitters………………
18
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators…………
733
Bakers…………………………………………………
118
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish
processing workers…………………………………
249
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying
machine operators and tenders……………………
12
Food batchmakers……………………………………
60
Food cooking machine operators and tenders………
6
Computer control programmers and operators……
64
Extruding and drawing machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
4
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic………………………………………
11
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic………………………………………
9
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
73
Drilling and boring machine tool setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
5
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine
tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
38
plastic…………………………………………………
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
15
Milling and planing machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
5
Machinists………………………………………………
341
Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders………
16
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and
plastic…………………………………………………
4
Molders and molding machine setters,
36
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
See footnotes at end of table.
27
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Commercial divers……………………………………
Locksmiths and safe repairers………………………
Manufactured building and mobile home installers…
Riggers…………………………………………………
Signal and track switch repairers……………………
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Other installation, maintenance, and repair
workers…………………………………………………
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
4
23
3
6
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
18
(1)
(1)
(²)
120
$621
$46
(²)
648
678
5
6
72.8
69.6
895
25
76.0
(1)
(1)
(²)
611
(1)
(1)
592
448
26
(1)
(1)
14
49
79.5
(²)
(²)
82.4
104.0
510
12
82.0
(1)
(1)
(1)
745
(1)
(1)
(1)
44
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
603
29
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
722
(1)
(1)
21
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(1)
(1)
(²)
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations………………………………………………… 10,222
Production occupations……………………………………
4,865
First-line supervisors/managers of production
and operating workers………………………………
574
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems
assemblers……………………………………………
12
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical
assemblers……………………………………………
54
Engine and other machine assemblers………………
12
Structural metal fabricators and fitters………………
18
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators…………
465
Bakers…………………………………………………
62
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish
processing workers…………………………………
193
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying
machine operators and tenders……………………
7
Food batchmakers……………………………………
39
3
Food cooking machine operators and tenders………
Computer control programmers and operators……
59
Extruding and drawing machine setters,
3
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders,
11
metal and plastic………………………………………
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders,
7
metal and plastic………………………………………
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters,
56
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Drilling and boring machine tool setters,
5
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine
tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
32
plastic…………………………………………………
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators,
13
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Milling and planing machine setters, operators,
4
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
320
Machinists………………………………………………
14
Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders………
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and
4
plastic…………………………………………………
Molders and molding machine setters,
30
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic…………
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Tool and die makers……………………………………
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers……………
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic…………………
Plating and coating machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners…………………
Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other…………
Bookbinders and bindery workers……………………
Job printers……………………………………………
Prepress technicians and workers……………………
Printing machine operators……………………………
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers……………………
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials…
Sewing machine operators……………………………
Shoe and leather workers and repairers……………
Shoe machine operators and tenders………………
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers……………………
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators,
and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers……………
Fabric and apparel patternmakers……………………
Upholsterers……………………………………………
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other…
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters………………
Furniture finishers………………………………………
Sawing machine setters, operators, and
tenders, wood…………………………………………
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and
tenders, except sawing……………………………..
Woodworkers, all other………………………………
Power plant operators, distributors, and
dispatchers……………………………………………
Stationary engineers and boiler operators…………
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and
system operators……………………………………
Miscellaneous plant and system operators…………
Chemical processing machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and
blending workers……………………………………
Cutting workers…………………………………………
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
See footnotes at end of table.
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
8
44
414
(1)
(1)
$675
(1)
(1)
$16
1
17
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
11
4
259
22
37
38
146
139
39
137
5
5
32
(1)
(1)
594
(1)
(1)
(1)
620
391
(1)
385
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
21
(1)
(1)
(1)
43
11
(1)
15
(1)
(1)
(1)
1
48
10
7
15
31
84
23
96
2
3
25
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$362
(1)
383
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
$14
(1)
14
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
2
(1)
(1)
16
(1)
(1)
12
(1)
(1)
1
4
31
10
33
8
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
5
3
1
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
(1)
(1)
4
(1)
(1)
23
13
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
2
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
37
98
(1)
919
(1)
45
2
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
71
40
765
(1)
29
(1)
5
1
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
47
(1)
(1)
5
(1)
(1)
97
72
601
511
24
21
10
15
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
30
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
29
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Tool and die makers……………………………………
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers……………
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic……………………………
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic…………………
Plating and coating machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic………………………
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners…………………
Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other…………
Bookbinders and bindery workers……………………
Job printers……………………………………………
Prepress technicians and workers……………………
Printing machine operators……………………………
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers……………………
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials…
Sewing machine operators……………………………
Shoe and leather workers and repairers……………
Shoe machine operators and tenders………………
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers……………………
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators,
and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers……………
Fabric and apparel patternmakers……………………
Upholsterers……………………………………………
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other…
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters………………
Furniture finishers………………………………………
Sawing machine setters, operators, and
tenders, wood…………………………………………
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and
tenders, except sawing……………………………..
Woodworkers, all other………………………………
Power plant operators, distributors, and
dispatchers……………………………………………
Stationary engineers and boiler operators…………
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and
system operators……………………………………
Miscellaneous plant and system operators…………
Chemical processing machine setters,
operators, and tenders………………………………
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and
blending workers……………………………………
Cutting workers…………………………………………
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders…………
See footnotes at end of table.
30
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
7
43
396
(1)
(1)
$682
(1)
(1)
$15
(²)
(²)
(²)
6
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
10
4
211
11
30
23
115
55
16
40
3
2
7
(1)
(1)
623
(1)
(1)
(1)
672
493
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
24
(1)
(1)
(1)
31
43
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
73.4
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
2
(1)
(1)
(²)
2
(1)
(1)
(²)
2
(1)
(1)
(²)
3
(1)
(1)
(²)
1
2
27
7
31
6
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
21
(1)
(1)
(²)
21
10
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
36
95
(1)
925
(1)
56
(²)
(²)
66
39
787
(1)
67
(1)
(²)
(²)
43
(1)
(1)
(²)
87
57
606
541
28
51
(²)
(²)
25
(1)
(1)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and
weighers………………………………………………
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers…
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory
technicians……………………………………………
Packaging and filling machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Painting workers………………………………………
Photographic process workers and processing
machine operators……………………………………
Semiconductor processors……………………………
Cementing and gluing machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling
equipment operators and tenders…………………
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Etchers and engravers…………………………………
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal
and plastic……………………………………………
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Tire builders
builders……………………………………………
Helpers—production workers…………………………
Production workers, all other…………………………
Transportation and material moving occupations………
Supervisors, transportation and material moving
workers…………………………………………………
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers……………………
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations
specialists……………………………………………
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except
emergency medical technicians……………………
Bus drivers………………………………………………
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers………………
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs……………………………
Motor vehicle operators, all other……………………
Locomotive engineers and operators………………
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators………
Railroad conductors and yardmasters………………
Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation
workers…………………………………………………
Sailors and marine oilers………………………………
Ship and boat captains and operators………………
Ship engineers…………………………………………
Bridge and lock tenders………………………………
Parking lot attendants…………………………………
Service station attendants……………………………
Transportation inspectors……………………………
Other transportation workers…………………………
Conveyor operators and tenders……………………
Crane and tower operators……………………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
12
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
531
19
$671
(1)
$20
(1)
175
7
$513
(1)
$19
(1)
75
618
24
41
(1)
(1)
203
144
447
603
22
16
118
13
415
(1)
15
(1)
40
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
25
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
12
(1)
(1)
8
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
(1)
3
(1)
(1)
3
7
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
5
(1)
(1)
24
(1)
(1)
1
(1)
(1)
33
20
26
726
6,145
(1)
(1)
(1)
591
599
(1)
(1)
(1)
12
4
13
1
5
175
788
(1)
(1)
(1)
481
472
(1)
(1)
(1)
15
11
190
92
786
1,650
37
101
42
-
(1)
-
(1)
-
30
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
(1)
11
368
2,460
211
29
54
5
49
(1)
563
685
514
(1)
1,122
(1)
(1)
(1)
17
9
18
(1)
124
(1)
(1)
2
176
92
32
1
1
2
(1)
527
512
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
44
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
10
17
24
6
3
65
60
47
13
6
58
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
421
398
(1)
(1)
(1)
778
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
23
23
(1)
(1)
(1)
57
1
8
11
4
2
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
See footnotes at end of table.
31
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators
and tenders……………………………………………
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and
weighers………………………………………………
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers…
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory
technicians……………………………………………
Packaging and filling machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Painting workers………………………………………
Photographic process workers and processing
machine operators……………………………………
Semiconductor processors……………………………
Cementing and gluing machine operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling
equipment operators and tenders…………………
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and
tenders…………………………………………………
Etchers and engravers…………………………………
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal
and plastic……………………………………………
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and
tenders…………………………………………………
Tire builders
builders……………………………………………
Helpers--production workers…………………………
Production workers, all other…………………………
Transportation and material moving occupations………
Supervisors, transportation and material moving
workers…………………………………………………
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers……………………
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations
specialists……………………………………………
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except
emergency medical technicians……………………
Bus drivers………………………………………………
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers………………
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs……………………………
Motor vehicle operators, all other……………………
Locomotive engineers and operators………………
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators………
Railroad conductors and yardmasters………………
Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation
workers…………………………………………………
Sailors and marine oilers………………………………
Ship and boat captains and operators………………
Ship engineers…………………………………………
Bridge and lock tenders………………………………
Parking lot attendants…………………………………
Service station attendants……………………………
Transportation inspectors……………………………
Other transportation workers…………………………
Conveyor operators and tenders……………………
Crane and tower operators……………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
32
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
12
(1)
(1)
(²)
356
12
$754
(1)
$21
(1)
68.0
(²)
34
(1)
(1)
(²)
85
131
497
606
34
15
83.5
(²)
15
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
4
(1)
(1)
(²)
4
(1)
(1)
(²)
3
2
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(²)
(²)
23
(1)
(1)
(²)
20
20
21
551
5,357
(1)
(1)
(1)
635
618
(1)
(1)
(1)
18
5
(²)
(²)
(²)
75.7
76.4
148
92
799
1,652
42
100
(²)
(²)
23
(1)
(1)
(²)
10
193
2,368
179
28
53
5
47
(1)
605
690
519
(1)
1,140
(1)
(1)
(1)
32
9
18
(1)
88
(1)
(1)
(²)
87.1
74.2
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
10
17
24
6
2
57
48
43
13
4
58
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
415
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
778
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
22
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
57
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation and sex,
2009 annual averages—Continued
Both sexes
Occupation
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine
operators………………………………………………
Hoist and winch operators……………………………
Industrial truck and tractor operators…………………
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment…………………
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand……………………………………………………
Machine feeders and offbearers………………………
Packers and packagers, hand………………………
Pumping station operators……………………………
Refuse and recyclable material collectors…………
Shuttle car operators…………………………………
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders……………………
Material moving workers, all other……………………
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
34
5
479
214
(1)
(1)
$531
421
(1)
(1)
$14
10
1
36
23
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
1,156
23
289
29
59
2
4
45
502
(1)
408
(1)
463
(1)
(1)
(1)
6
(1)
12
(1)
30
(1)
(1)
(1)
155
11
168
4
9
$421
(1)
389
(1)
(1)
$17
(1)
13
(1)
(1)
See footnotes at end of table.
33
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed
occupation and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Occupation
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine
operators………………………………………………
Hoist and winch operators……………………………
Industrial truck and tractor operators…………………
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment…………………
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,
hand……………………………………………………
Machine feeders and offbearers………………………
Packers and packagers, hand………………………
Pumping station operators……………………………
Refuse and recyclable material collectors…………
Shuttle car operators…………………………………
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders……………………
Material moving workers, all other……………………
1
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
32
5
444
190
(1)
(1)
$532
423
(1)
(1)
$15
11
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
1,000
12
120
29
55
2
4
36
511
(1)
453
(1)
473
(1)
(1)
(1)
7
(1)
30
(1)
65
(1)
(1)
(1)
82.4
(²)
85.9
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
Data not shown where base is less than 50,000.
Data not shown where base for either the numerator or the denominator is less than 50,000.
NOTE: Dash indicates data not available or do not meet publication standards.
2
34
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by State
and sex, 2009 annual averages
Both sexes
State
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
UNITED STATES.....................
99,820
$739
$2
44,712
$657
$2
Alabama.......................................
Alaska...........................................
Arizona.........................................
Arkansas.......................................
California......................................
1,462
236
1,999
912
11,233
683
879
735
596
803
16
21
14
8
7
654
102
894
408
4,743
596
729
654
547
753
12
19
23
24
8
Colorado.......................................
Connecticut...................................
Delaware......................................
District of Columbia......................
Florida...........................................
1,762
1,200
305
245
5,775
797
965
754
952
704
16
23
15
14
8
749
536
147
123
2,760
723
824
699
938
626
18
30
19
17
7
Georgia.........................................
Hawaii...........................................
Idaho.............................................
Illinois............................................
Indiana..........................................
3,267
423
444
4,307
2,048
732
696
653
746
714
10
13
13
8
15
1,494
192
185
1,918
928
664
620
578
636
627
18
12
16
13
14
Iowa..............................................
Kansas..........................................
Kentucky.......................................
Louisiana......................................
Maine............................................
1,066
979
1,305
1,491
411
713
685
654
650
712
15
16
13
15
15
479
434
571
695
185
625
591
567
518
623
17
15
19
13
16
Maryland.......................................
Massachusetts..............................
Michigan.......................................
g
Minnesota.....................................
Mississippi....................................
2,158
2,190
2,841
,
1,823
854
857
945
771
801
595
17
12
13
16
11
1,036
985
1,256
,
823
411
797
797
658
733
521
28
24
11
14
12
Missouri........................................
Montana........................................
Nebraska......................................
Nevada.........................................
New Hampshire............................
2,038
290
650
912
483
681
626
688
706
839
15
12
13
13
20
974
135
296
394
215
596
549
607
635
716
12
16
15
12
20
New Jersey...................................
New Mexico..................................
New York......................................
North Carolina..............................
North Dakota................................
3,076
603
6,579
3,056
239
886
694
782
661
676
13
16
9
11
14
1,375
275
3,010
1,408
107
761
618
720
617
570
11
14
11
9
14
Ohio..............................................
Oklahoma.....................................
Oregon..........................................
Pennsylvania................................
Rhode Island................................
3,656
1,216
1,098
4,098
326
707
625
740
740
789
8
10
17
8
19
1,622
563
485
1,862
149
623
591
652
654
701
10
9
18
9
20
South Carolina..............................
South Dakota................................
Tennessee....................................
Texas............................................
Utah..............................................
1,354
276
1,945
8,274
891
648
628
637
661
714
10
10
16
8
10
652
130
949
3,453
351
581
567
580
596
608
16
12
11
7
12
Vermont........................................
Virginia..........................................
Washington..................................
West Virginia................................
Wisconsin.....................................
Wyoming......................................
219
2,913
2,249
577
1,877
191
745
775
844
684
744
785
16
15
16
14
9
14
101
1,347
975
243
858
78
668
705
726
603
660
616
21
18
19
13
16
14
See note at end of table.
35
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers, by State and sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
State
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
UNITED STATES.....................
55,108
$819
$3
80.2
Alabama.......................................
Alaska...........................................
Arizona.........................................
Arkansas.......................................
California......................................
808
134
1,105
504
6,490
800
1,009
860
620
849
22
21
28
10
14
74.5
72.2
76.0
88.2
88.7
Colorado.......................................
Connecticut...................................
Delaware......................................
District of Columbia......................
Florida...........................................
1,013
664
158
122
3,014
873
1,099
825
972
772
21
36
26
37
11
82.8
75.0
84.7
96.5
81.1
Georgia.........................................
Hawaii...........................................
Idaho.............................................
Illinois............................................
Indiana..........................................
1,773
231
259
2,388
1,120
789
761
724
851
796
28
19
16
18
21
84.2
81.5
79.8
74.7
78.8
Iowa..............................................
Kansas..........................................
Kentucky.......................................
Louisiana......................................
Maine............................................
587
546
734
796
226
777
786
728
797
798
19
25
19
30
21
80.4
75.2
77.9
65.0
78.1
Maryland.......................................
Massachusetts..............................
Michigan.......................................
g
Minnesota.....................................
Mississippi....................................
1,122
1,205
1,585
,
1,000
444
913
1,044
895
877
655
22
22
14
23
20
87.3
76.3
73.5
83.6
79.5
Missouri........................................
Montana........................................
Nebraska......................................
Nevada.........................................
New Hampshire............................
1,064
155
355
518
268
773
710
752
787
966
18
14
15
23
20
77.1
77.3
80.7
80.7
74.1
New Jersey...................................
New Mexico..................................
New York......................................
North Carolina..............................
North Dakota................................
1,701
329
3,568
1,648
132
994
793
858
698
757
22
27
12
14
12
76.6
77.9
83.9
88.4
75.3
Ohio..............................................
Oklahoma.....................................
Oregon..........................................
Pennsylvania................................
Rhode Island................................
2,034
653
614
2,235
177
784
678
849
825
901
13
19
30
13
34
79.5
87.2
76.8
79.3
77.8
South Carolina..............................
South Dakota................................
Tennessee....................................
Texas............................................
Utah..............................................
702
146
996
4,821
541
724
698
735
732
809
19
13
21
10
16
80.2
81.2
78.9
81.4
75.2
Vermont........................................
Virginia..........................................
Washington..................................
West Virginia................................
Wisconsin.....................................
Wyoming......................................
118
1,566
1,274
334
1,019
113
816
877
959
753
831
917
22
30
33
20
19
22
81.9
80.4
75.7
80.1
79.4
67.2
NOTE: Data refer to persons 16 years and older.
36
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of part
part-time
time wage and salary workers, by selected
characteristics 2009 annual averages
characteristics,
Both sexes
Women
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older
Total
older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
ears
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years
years.....................................................
25 yyears and
d older.................................................
ld
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years
years.....................................................
45 tto 54 yyears.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older
older..............................................
24,431
24
431
8 189
8,189
3,617
4 572
4,572
16 242
16,242
4,143
3 646
3,646
3 675
3,675
2,841
1 938
1,938
$226
167
136
197
270
263
293
289
271
217
$1
1
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
4
16,147
16
147
4 665
4,665
2,032
2 632
2,632
11 482
11,482
2,678
2 789
2,789
2 918
2,918
1,993
1 105
1,105
$229
163
133
194
268
258
289
284
270
206
$2
2
2
3
2
4
5
5
5
6
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
Whit
White......................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian
Asian......................................................................
Hi p i or Latino
Hispanic
L ti ethnicity....................................
th i ity
20,511
20
511
2,384
916
3 384
3,384
227
219
253
225
1
3
8
3
13,672
13
672
1,526
576
2 036
2,036
230
219
248
219
2
4
11
3
10,811
10 253
10,253
3,366
,
1,847
834
686
186
281
247
264
233
219
1
3
3
5
6
7
5,978
7 626
7,626
2,543
,
1,378
585
580
181
279
242
255
233
218
2
3
4
5
6
8
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married spouse present
Married,
present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
See note at end of table.
37
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time
part time wage and salary workers, by
selected characteristics
characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, 16 years and older
Total
older................................
16 to 24 years........................................................
ears
16 to 19 years.....................................................
20 to 24 years
years.....................................................
25 yyears and
d older.................................................
ld
25 to 34 years.....................................................
35 to 44 years
years.....................................................
45 tto 54 yyears.....................................................
55 to 64 years.....................................................
65 years and older
older..............................................
8,284
8
284
3 525
3,525
1,585
1 940
1,940
4 760
4,760
1,465
856
757
848
833
$222
172
140
202
275
271
304
310
274
233
$2
2
3
3
3
4
8
10
8
8
103.2
103
2
94 8
94.8
95.0
96 0
96.0
97 5
97.5
95.2
95 1
95.1
91 6
91.6
98.5
88 4
88.4
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
Whit
White......................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian
Asian......................................................................
Hi p i or Latino
Hispanic
L ti ethnicity....................................
th i ity
6,839
6
839
857
341
1 347
1,347
222
220
260
237
2
5
14
5
103.6
103
6
99.5
95 4
95.4
92 4
92.4
4,834
2 627
2,627
823
469
248
106
192
287
265
300
235
224
2
5
8
13
12
16
94.3
97 2
97.2
91.3
85.0
99 1
99.1
97.3
Characteristic
AGE
MARITAL STATUS
Never married........................................................
Married spouse present
Married,
present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced.............................................................
Separated
Separated...........................................................
Widowed.............................................................
NOTE: Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not
t totals
t t l because
b
d t are nott presented
t d for
f allll races. Persons
P
h
th i it is
i identified
id tifi d as
sum to
data
whose
ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
38
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours usually worked and sex,
2009 annual averages
Both sexes
Hours of work
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total 16 years and older
Total,
older................................
124 490
124,490
$627
$2
60 951
60,951
$542
$3
1 to 34 hours..........................................................
1 to 4 hours
hours........................................................
5 tto 9 h
hours........................................................
10 to 14 hours....................................................
15 to 19 hours
hours....................................................
20 tto 24 h
hours....................................................
25 to 29 hours....................................................
30 to 34 hours
hours....................................................
21,866
491
1,182
1,182
1,897
2 705
2,705
6,437
6,437
3,001
6 154
6,154
231
57
72
108
153
212
261
332
1
3
2
1
2
1
2
4
14,567
324
797
1,264
1 865
1,865
4,268
4,268
2,016
4 031
4,031
234
56
73
110
155
218
264
341
2
3
2
1
2
2
3
4
35 or more hours
hours...................................................
35 to 39 hours
hours....................................................
40 hours.............................................................
41 or more hours
hours................................................
41 to 44 hours
hours.................................................
45 to 48 hours.................................................
49 to 59 hours
hours.................................................
60 or more ho
hours.............................................
rs
94,593
94
593
8 284
8,284
67,227
19 082
19,082
1 136
1,136
5,337
8 543
8,543
4 066
4,066
743
494
693
1 143
1,143
855
992
1 232
1,232
1 273
1,273
2
4
2
5
14
10
9
23
42,693
42
693
5 535
5,535
31,088
6 069
6,069
454
1,974
2 612
2,612
1 029
1,029
663
505
639
1 014
1,014
762
938
1 123
1,123
1 132
1,132
2
5
2
9
19
11
16
26
8,031
8
031
2,565
2,565
5,227
411
189
626
6
4
11
3,692
3
692
1,580
1,580
2,020
307
186
463
5
5
17
Hours vary……………………………………………
vary
U
Usually
lly less
l
than
th 35 hours…………………………
h
Usually 35 or more hours…………………………
See note at end of table
table.
39
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours
usually worked and sex
sex, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total 16 years and older
Total,
older................................
63 539
63,539
$737
$3
73 5
73.5
1 to 34 hours..........................................................
1 to 4 hours
hours........................................................
5 tto 9 h
hours........................................................
10 to 14 hours....................................................
15 to 19 hours
hours....................................................
20 tto 24 h
hours....................................................
25 to 29 hours....................................................
30 to 34 hours
hours....................................................
7,299
166
385
632
840
2,168
2,168
985
2 123
2,123
225
59
70
105
146
203
254
319
2
5
3
2
3
2
4
3
104.0
94 9
94.9
104 3
104.3
104.8
106 2
106.2
107 4
107.4
103.9
106 9
106.9
35 or more hours
hours...................................................
35 to 39 hours
hours....................................................
40 hours.............................................................
41 or more hours
hours................................................
41 to 44 hours
hours.................................................
45 to 48 hours.................................................
49 to 59 hours
hours.................................................
60 or more ho
hours.............................................
rs
51,900
51
900
2 749
2,749
36,139
13 012
13,012
683
3,363
5 931
5,931
3 036
3,036
822
472
746
1 203
1,203
921
1,039
1 288
1,288
1 346
1,346
3
8
3
10
21
14
21
18
80 7
80.7
107.0
107
0
85.7
84 3
84.3
82 7
82.7
90.3
87 2
87.2
84 1
84.1
4,339
4
339
985
3,207
575
194
748
15
6
15
53.4
53
4
95 9
95.9
61.9
Hours of work
Hours vary……………………………………………
vary
U
Usually
lly less
l
than
th 35 hours…………………………
h
Usually 35 or more hours…………………………
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time workers. Estimates for the "hours
t l b
d t are nott presented
t d for
f a smallll number
b off multiple
lti l
vary"" groups d
do nott sum tto ttotals
because data
jobholders whose usual number of hours on the principal job is not identifiable.
40
Table 6. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers, by selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages
Upper limit of:
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
First
decile
First
quartile
Second
quartile
(median)
Third
quartile
Ninth
decile
SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC
OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Total, 16 years and older.............................
Women....................................................
Men..........................................................
99,820
44,712
55,108
$350
328
377
$492
452
526
$739
657
819
$1,146
981
1,272
$1,744
1,443
1,910
White...........................................................
Women....................................................
Men..........................................................
80,873
35,144
45,730
357
333
383
502
463
547
757
669
845
1,167
997
1,318
1,773
1,462
1,930
Black or African American...........................
Women....................................................
Men..........................................................
11,713
6,327
5,386
317
311
328
416
403
439
601
582
621
893
850
945
1,266
1,193
1,373
Asian...........................................................
Women....................................................
Men..........................................................
4,923
2,196
2,727
372
344
392
542
499
595
880
779
952
1,380
1,225
1,528
1,920
1,755
2,162
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity..........................
Women....................................................
Men..........................................................
14,624
5,474
9,150
298
286
309
383
355
398
541
509
569
810
745
856
1,247
1,112
1,331
90,863
7,289
25,377
25,117
33,080
375
281
341
382
554
518
343
454
513
768
774
454
626
726
1,137
1,187
617
894
1,030
1,680
1,800
859
1,230
1,422
2,388
40,769
2,370
10,619
12,181
15,599
345
252
313
351
507
479
304
402
470
700
687
382
542
630
970
1,016
501
734
877
1,386
1,485
630
988
1,173
1,905
50,094
4,919
14,758
12,936
17,481
400
296
379
423
608
581
378
505
591
884
873
500
716
835
1,327
1,345
686
995
1,174
1,907
1,978
935
1,363
1,589
2,880
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.............................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college ...........................
Some college or associate's degree.........
Bachelor's degree and higher ...............
Women, 25 years and older........................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college ...........................
Some college or associate's degree.........
Bachelor's degree and higher ...............
Men, 25 years and older..............................
Less than a high school diploma..............
High school, no college ...........................
Some college or associate's degree.........
Bachelor's degree and higher ...............
NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent
earn less than the upper limit of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median;
75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth
decile. Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data
are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
41
Table 7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages
(In thousands)
Number of workers by usual weekly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$150.00
$150.00
to
$249.99
$250.00
to
$349.99
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1,000.00
to
$1,499.99
$1,500.00
or
more
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older......
16 to 24 years...........................
16 to 19 years........................
20 to 24 years........................
25 years and older....................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years........................
55 to 64 years........................
65 years and older.................
99,820
8,957
1,121
7,836
90,863
23,860
24,368
25,323
14,729
2,584
885
196
61
134
690
164
179
172
115
60
1,507
439
105
334
1,068
326
244
266
166
65
6,933
1,746
394
1,352
5,187
1,886
1,255
1,142
680
225
16,316
3,039
379
2,660
13,277
4,272
3,359
3,288
1,905
452
24,155
2,195
143
2,052
21,960
6,750
5,544
5,776
3,288
602
17,485
769
24
746
16,716
4,570
4,470
4,556
2,735
386
18,271
447
11
436
17,824
3,879
4,962
5,436
3,164
382
14,267
126
4
122
14,141
2,012
4,353
4,687
2,675
413
Women, 16 years and older..
16 to 24 years...........................
16 to 19 years........................
20 to 24 years........................
25 years and older....................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years
years........................
55 to 64 years........................
65 years and older.................
44,712
3,943
448
3,496
40,769
10,412
10,582
11 695
11,695
6,943
1,138
470
105
25
80
365
73
92
102
65
33
852
215
46
169
638
190
143
164
108
34
3,891
854
181
674
3,037
977
729
758
433
139
8,573
1,329
143
1,185
7,245
2,039
1,892
2 018
2,018
1,081
215
12,046
922
36
886
11,125
3,090
2,746
3 124
3,124
1,855
309
7,806
326
13
313
7,480
1,990
1,905
2 083
2,083
1,339
163
6,968
155
2
152
6,814
1,429
1,856
2 089
2,089
1,280
159
4,105
38
1
37
4,067
623
1,220
1 358
1,358
781
86
Men, 16 years and older.......
16 to 24 years...........................
16 to 19 years........................
20 to 24 years........................
25 years and older....................
25 to 34 years........................
35 to 44 years........................
45 to 54 years........................
55 to 64 years........................
65 years and older.................
55,108
5,014
674
4,340
50,094
13,448
13,786
13,627
7,786
1,446
415
91
36
55
324
92
87
70
50
26
655
225
59
166
430
137
102
102
58
31
3,042
891
213
678
2,151
908
527
384
247
85
7,743
1,710
236
1,475
6,032
2,233
1,467
1,271
824
237
12,109
1,273
107
1,165
10,836
3,659
2,798
2,652
1,433
293
9,679
443
11
433
9,236
2,580
2,566
2,472
1,396
223
11,302
292
9
284
11,010
2,449
3,107
3,347
1,884
223
10,162
88
3
85
10,074
1,390
3,133
3,329
1,894
327
See note at end of table.
42
Table 7. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
(In thousands)
Number of workers by usual weekly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$150.00
$150.00
to
$249.99
$250.00
to
$349.99
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1,000.00
to
$1,499.99
$1,500.00
or
more
RACE, HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY,
AND SEX
White.....................................
Women.....................................
Men..........................................
80,873
35,144
45,730
689
373
316
1,120
626
494
5,295
2,891
2,404
12,539
6,505
6,034
19,302
9,506
9,796
14,375
6,223
8,152
15,336
5,664
9,672
12,216
3,355
8,861
Black or African American.....
Women.....................................
Men..........................................
11,713
6,327
5,386
121
56
65
255
144
111
1,174
738
435
2,671
1,534
1,137
3,294
1,771
1,523
1,917
1,041
876
1,520
712
808
762
332
430
Asian.....................................
Women.....................................
Men..........................................
4,923
2,196
2,727
56
29
27
87
55
32
247
144
103
641
306
335
956
476
480
830
386
444
1,038
444
594
1,069
357
712
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....
Women.....................................
Men..........................................
14,624
5,474
9,150
128
66
62
373
177
196
2,134
1,016
1,118
3,747
1,376
2,371
3,862
1,450
2,411
1,884
629
1,255
1,558
516
1,042
939
243
695
NOTE: Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not
presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
43
Table 8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by sex, marital
status, and presence and age of own children under 18 years old, 2009 annual averages
Number of
workers
(in thousands)
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Total, all marital statuses…………………………………………
With children under 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
44,712
16,003
9,847
6,156
28,709
$657
646
653
635
663
$2
4
5
7
3
Total, married, spouse present……………………………………
With children under 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
23,828
10,891
6,558
4,333
12,937
708
705
687
730
710
4
5
7
7
5
Total, other marital statuses1 ……………………………………
With children under 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
20,884
5,112
3,289
1,823
15,772
607
546
597
472
625
3
6
6
7
4
Total, all marital statuses…………………………………………
With children
hild
under
d 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
55,108
20 190
20,190
10,898
9,292
34,918
819
920
963
873
764
3
5
7
8
3
Total, married, spouse present……………………………………
With children under 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
33,964
18,685
10,021
8,663
15,280
936
939
978
897
934
4
6
7
8
5
21,143
1,505
877
629
19,638
653
702
809
592
649
4
13
15
12
4
Characteristic
WOMEN
MEN
1
Total, other marital statuses ……………………………………
With children under 18 years……………………………………
With children 6 to 17 years, none younger…………………
With children under 6 years…………………………………
With no children under 18 years………………………………
1
Includes never-married, divorced, separated, and widowed persons.
NOTE: Children refer to "own" children and include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Excluded
are other related children such as grandchildren, nieces, nephews, and cousins, as well as unrelated children.
44
Table 9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages
Both sexes
Characteristic
AGE
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years.......................................................
16 to 19 years....................................................
20 to 24 years....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years....................................................
35 to 44 years....................................................
45 to 54 years....................................................
55 to 64 years....................................................
65 years and older.............................................
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
hourly
earnings
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
72,611
14,389
4,397
9,991
58,222
16,363
14,575
15,468
9,151
2,665
$12.44
8.90
7.92
9.77
13.91
12.60
14.59
14.85
14.70
11.49
$0.04
.03
.02
.04
.03
.08
.11
.05
.11
.17
37,426
7,344
2,345
4,999
30,082
7,827
7,385
8,381
5,017
1,473
$11.76
8.58
7.82
9.19
12.76
11.96
13.00
13.09
13.59
11.11
$0.04
.04
.02
.04
.05
.05
.07
.06
.16
.16
58,633
9,269
2,718
12,740
12.66
11.64
13.16
11.04
.04
.10
.24
.06
29,760
5,231
1,460
5,449
11.83
11.01
12.67
10.09
.03
.09
.27
.04
25,437
34,919
12,254
7 663
7,663
3,121
1,470
10.06
14.62
12.89
13 75
13.75
11.50
12.02
.02
.07
.06
.11
11
.24
.16
12,220
17,535
7,672
4 752
4,752
1,736
1,184
9.76
13.03
12.09
12 80
12.80
10.56
11.81
.04
.05
.05
.11
11
.21
.18
9,150
10,020
62,591
18.24
18.09
11.92
.13
.08
.02
3,489
3,939
33,487
15.78
15.76
11.21
.19
.19
.04
58,222
7,206
21,446
18,893
10,678
13.91
10.18
13.09
14.72
18.19
.03
.03
.04
.08
.16
30,082
2,850
10,272
10,598
6,362
12.76
9.21
11.66
13.32
17.89
.05
.06
.07
.10
.16
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White.....................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian.....................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married.......................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced
Divorced.............................................................
Separated..........................................................
Widowed............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION1
Members of unions 2..............................................
Represented by a union 3 ......................................
Not represented by a union...................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college ....................................
Some college or associate's degree...................
Bachelor's degree and higher ...........................
See footnotes at end of table.
45
Table 9. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates,
by selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
Men
Characteristic
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
AGE
Total, 16 years and older................................
16 to 24 years.......................................................
16 to 19 years....................................................
20 to 24 years....................................................
25 years and older.................................................
25 to 34 years....................................................
35 to 44 years....................................................
45 to 54 years....................................................
55 to 64 years....................................................
65 years and older.............................................
Median
hourly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women's
earnings
as
percent
of men's
35,185
7,045
2,053
4,992
28,140
8,536
7,191
7,087
4,134
1,192
$13.76
9.22
8.05
9.99
15.07
13.20
16.10
16.99
16.09
12.00
$0.07
.05
.03
.03
.03
.09
.10
.11
.19
.16
85.5
93.1
97.1
92.0
84.7
90.6
80.7
77.0
84.5
92.6
28,873
4,038
1,258
7,291
13.95
12.27
14.01
11.92
.05
.12
.18
.05
84.8
89.7
90.4
84.6
13,218
17,384
4,583
2 912
2,912
1,385
286
10.45
16.00
14.44
15 13
15.13
12.32
13.84
.10
.07
.23
.09
09
.20
.90
93.4
81.4
83.7
84 6
84.6
85.7
85.3
5,661
6,081
29,103
19.98
19.87
12.65
.08
.07
.06
79.0
79.3
88.6
28,140
4,356
11,174
8,295
4,316
15.07
11.81
15.01
16.24
19.21
.03
.06
.04
.15
.37
84.7
78.0
77.7
82.0
93.1
RACE AND HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY
White.....................................................................
Black or African American.....................................
Asian.....................................................................
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity....................................
MARITAL STATUS
Never married.......................................................
Married, spouse present........................................
Other marital status...............................................
Divorced
Divorced.............................................................
Separated..........................................................
Widowed............................................................
UNION AFFILIATION 1
Members of unions 2..............................................
Represented by a union 3 ......................................
Not represented by a union...................................
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Total, 25 years and older.......................................
Less than a high school diploma........................
High school, no college ....................................
Some college or associate's degree...................
Bachelor's degree and higher ...........................
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety of
factors in addition to coverage by a collective bargaining agreement, including the distribution of male
and female employees by occupation, industry, firm size, and geographic region.
2 Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3 Data refer to workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an
employee association contract, as well as to members of a labor union or an employee association
similar to a union.
NOTE: Workers paid hourly rates represented 58 percent of all wage and salary workers in 2009.
Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals
because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or
Latino may be of any race.
46
Table 10. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages
(In thousands)
Number of workers by hourly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$4.00
$4.00
to
$4.99
$5.00
to
$5.99
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$14.99
$15.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older......
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
72,611
14,389
4,397
9,991
58,222
16,363
14,575
15,468
9,151
2,665
779
352
105
247
427
213
108
69
25
12
258
107
30
77
151
69
45
22
13
2
307
136
70
66
171
67
45
38
13
7
6,811
3,397
1,810
1,587
3,413
1,194
747
696
472
304
12,921
4,653
1,604
3,049
8,268
2,807
1,908
1,841
1,181
531
11,345
2,648
503
2,144
8,697
2,669
2,024
2,177
1,296
531
12,513
1,693
182
1,511
10,820
3,290
2,579
2,852
1,654
445
12,496
954
72
882
11,542
3,152
3,041
3,177
1,779
393
15,182
450
22
428
14,732
2,901
4,079
4,595
2,717
439
Women, 16 years and older.
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
37,426
7,344
2,345
4,999
30,082
7,827
7,385
8,381
5,017
1,473
570
271
73
198
299
150
72
47
21
10
167
68
20
48
99
45
26
17
8
2
162
77
42
34
86
32
22
23
5
4
4,128
1,913
1,033
880
2,215
701
482
515
322
195
7,603
2,511
851
1,660
5,091
1,502
1,231
1,296
761
302
6,254
1,199
230
969
5,055
1,337
1,198
1,429
788
303
6,601
736
64
672
5,865
1,553
1,411
1,673
980
248
5,744
375
19
356
5,369
1,281
1,358
1,533
986
211
6,197
196
13
183
6,002
1,225
1,584
1,847
1,146
199
Men, 16 years and older.......
16 to 24 years.............................
16 to 19 years..........................
20 to 24 years..........................
25 years and older......................
25 to 34 years..........................
35 to 44 years..........................
45 to 54 years..........................
55 to 64 years..........................
65 years and older...................
35,185
7,045
2,053
4,992
28,140
8,536
7,191
7,087
4,134
1,192
209
81
32
49
128
63
36
22
5
2
91
39
10
29
52
24
18
5
5
-
144
59
27
32
85
36
23
15
8
3
2,682
1,484
777
707
1,198
493
265
181
150
109
5,318
2,142
753
1,389
3,176
1,305
677
545
420
229
5,091
1,449
274
1,175
3,642
1,332
826
748
508
229
5,912
957
118
840
4,955
1,737
1,168
1,179
674
197
6,752
579
53
526
6,173
1,871
1,682
1,644
794
183
8,985
254
9
245
8,730
1,675
2,495
2,748
1,572
240
See note at end of table.
47
Table 10. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected
characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
(In thousands)
Number of workers by hourly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$4.00
$4.00
to
$4.99
$5.00
to
$5.99
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$14.99
$15.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
RACE, HISPANIC OR
LATINO ETHNICITY,
AND SEX
White........................................
Women........................................
Men.............................................
58,633
29,760
28,873
676
502
173
233
151
82
240
138
102
5,341
3,202
2,139
10,157
5,923
4,234
8,968
4,901
4,068
9,992
5,260
4,732
10,197
4,592
5,605
12,829
5,092
7,737
Black or African American.......
Women........................................
Men.............................................
9,269
5,231
4,038
59
38
21
5
2
3
40
12
28
1,085
700
385
1,900
1,184
716
1,644
954
690
1,755
950
805
1,512
779
733
1,270
611
658
Asian........................................
Women........................................
Men.............................................
2,718
1,460
1,258
32
20
12
8
7
1
19
8
10
179
106
73
454
265
189
410
228
182
444
236
208
447
222
225
725
367
358
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity......
Women........................................
Men.............................................
12,740
5,449
7,291
93
57
37
26
13
13
51
22
29
1,345
768
577
3,076
1,554
1,522
2,297
954
1,343
2,322
911
1,411
1,913
701
1,211
1,617
470
1,148
NOTE: Workers paid hourly rates represented 58 percent of all wage and salary workers in 2009. Estimates for the race groups listed
(White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose
ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates data not available or do not meet publication standards.
48
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing
Federal minimum wage, by selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and older.......................................
16 to 24 years...............................................................
16 to 19 years............................................................
20 to 24 years............................................................
25 years and older........................................................
25 to 34 years............................................................
35 to 44 years............................................................
45 to 54 years............................................................
55 to 64 years............................................................
65 years and older.....................................................
72,611
14,389
4,397
9,991
58,222
16,363
14,575
15,468
9,151
2,665
2,592
1,229
530
699
1,363
557
336
250
140
80
980
508
288
220
472
159
104
100
69
40
3,572
1,737
818
919
1,835
716
440
350
209
120
4.9
12.1
18.6
9.2
3.2
4.4
3.0
2.3
2.3
4.5
Women, 16 years and older..................................
16 to 24 years...............................................................
16 to 19 years............................................................
20 to 24 years............................................................
25 years and older........................................................
25 to 34 years............................................................
35 to 44 years............................................................
45 to 54 years............................................................
55 to 64 years............................................................
65 years and older.....................................................
37,426
7,344
2,345
4,999
30,082
7,827
7,385
8,381
5,017
1,473
1,603
769
329
440
833
341
194
168
83
48
612
295
167
127
318
96
71
79
46
26
2,215
1,064
496
567
1,151
437
265
247
129
74
5.9
14.5
21.2
11.3
3.8
5.6
3.6
2.9
2.6
5.0
Men, 16 years and older........................................
16 to 24 years...............................................................
16 to 19 years............................................................
20 to 24 years............................................................
25 years and older........................................................
25 to 34 years............................................................
35 to 44 years............................................................
45 to 54 years............................................................
55 to 64 years............................................................
65 years and older.....................................................
35,185
7,045
2,053
4,992
28,140
8,536
7,191
7,087
4,134
1,192
990
460
201
259
530
216
142
82
57
32
368
214
121
93
154
63
33
21
23
14
1,358
674
322
352
684
279
175
103
80
46
3.9
9.6
15.7
7.1
2.4
3.3
2.4
1.5
1.9
3.9
49
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing
Federal minimum wage, by selected characteristics, 2009 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO
ETHNICITY, AND SEX
White.........................................................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
58,633
29,760
28,873
2,094
1,320
774
763
463
300
2,857
1,783
1,074
4.9
6.0
3.7
Black or African American.........................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
9,269
5,231
4,038
327
185
142
168
117
50
495
302
192
5.3
5.8
4.8
Asian, 16 years and older.........................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
2,718
1,460
1,258
96
55
41
21
15
6
117
70
47
4.3
4.8
3.7
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.......................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
12,740
5,449
7,291
439
229
210
183
102
80
622
331
290
4.9
6.1
4.0
Full-time workers.......................................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
52,454
24,066
28,388
952
511
442
320
183
137
1,272
694
579
2.4
2.9
2.0
Part-time workers......................................................
Women..........................................................................
Men...............................................................................
20,027
13,307
6,721
1,625
1,085
540
656
428
229
2,281
1,513
769
11.4
11.4
11.4
FULL- AND PART-TIME STATUS AND SEX1
1 The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data do not sum to
totals because full- or part-time status on the principal or main job is not identifiable for a small number of multiple
jobholders.
NOTE: Estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals
because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of
any race.
50
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
$241
$172
$144
$186
$265
$255
$280
$276
$262
$198
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
187
200
208
211
217
224
232
243
249
259
154
161
164
164
169
174
178
186
196
204
200
213
220
223
231
240
248
259
266
276
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
276
296
311
321
335
349
360
373
383
394
302
326
354
370
389
406
419
435
450
472
298
320
345
367
385
400
416
429
453
472
285
309
325
346
366
381
397
405
419
431
203
222
253
261
272
297
298
310
323
334
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
269
277
276
282
286
292
298
306
319
341
209
213
212
214
221
231
240
252
268
281
285
291
290
297
300
306
312
321
339
363
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
407
415
422
436
439
451
463
481
502
518
486
498
503
517
537
550
559
579
597
611
489
507
522
542
566
582
594
607
620
652
457
469
483
492
501
514
535
558
592
604
343
381
378
393
384
389
384
393
405
404
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
722
739
361
375
381
387
390
397
409
424
443
442
297
305
305
311
309
318
324
337
349
344
383
394
399
402
406
411
423
450
467
464
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
761
774
549
576
591
594
604
610
621
643
666
678
625
657
668
687
713
731
748
769
804
817
669
693
706
723
743
748
773
790
822
838
620
638
674
708
725
742
765
803
825
841
463
488
502
516
560
569
583
605
644
684
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
51
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
WOMEN
1979………………
$182
$154
$132
$161
$195
$199
$196
$192
$189
$170
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
167
180
192
198
203
211
219
227
235
246
145
154
158
158
162
166
170
172
184
197
175
191
201
207
213
221
231
242
251
260
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
218
239
258
272
285
296
306
316
327
340
214
238
258
272
292
307
319
337
354
370
209
225
252
264
279
292
308
324
339
357
205
222
245
257
270
285
296
308
317
333
175
189
211
212
219
242
256
261
280
292
346
366
380
393
399
406
418
431
456
473
254
266
267
273
276
275
284
292
305
324
198
205
205
205
211
215
223
240
249
266
269
280
280
289
290
291
298
306
319
343
369
387
400
415
421
428
444
462
485
497
356
371
382
395
397
403
415
427
451
470
390
407
418
435
448
453
463
482
498
503
377
398
417
440
450
464
481
495
516
534
348
363
376
395
398
403
420
433
476
492
300
319
328
335
336
353
334
348
350
370
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
638
657
344
353
367
371
375
381
395
409
420
424
283
288
295
299
293
304
305
318
322
323
366
375
385
387
391
396
413
426
445
445
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
670
687
493
512
530
546
561
573
583
597
623
634
521
547
571
590
608
621
645
668
682
709
564
587
602
609
625
644
659
677
707
712
508
536
574
601
615
639
658
679
711
727
392
390
430
435
478
492
510
534
563
602
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
2008 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
52
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
MEN
1979………………
$292
$196
$155
$211
$314
$295
$336
$338
$312
$219
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
208
218
225
223
231
241
246
257
262
271
162
168
170
168
174
183
186
196
205
209
224
237
244
242
250
258
264
275
279
290
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
314
340
358
371
382
394
402
412
421
434
367
397
422
442
471
487
499
510
517
542
367
396
419
444
470
489
506
520
549
569
345
377
399
416
439
467
484
495
509
521
229
266
300
308
328
367
358
380
395
393
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
282
285
284
288
294
303
307
317
334
356
218
219
218
221
228
244
251
262
281
291
298
300
297
303
307
315
321
338
357
379
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
449
458
466
476
479
490
499
515
544
577
560
576
581
596
617
624
632
651
677
702
591
612
634
653
671
685
698
713
732
763
546
563
579
586
603
623
643
669
699
725
403
467
421
451
441
441
477
452
482
470
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
798
819
375
391
391
398
400
409
418
443
461
458
306
319
312
321
318
330
348
357
369
356
395
408
410
412
417
422
435
472
481
479
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
857
873
598
617
627
628
639
644
661
687
704
715
728
754
759
775
804
822
836
873
915
916
771
799
807
834
857
853
897
909
944
967
735
760
802
827
843
855
902
933
943
965
522
565
583
612
641
644
658
686
753
791
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
2008 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
53
Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
1979………………
62.3
78.6
85.2
76.3
62.1
67.5
58.3
56.8
60.6
77.6
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
80.3
82.6
85.3
88.8
87.9
87.6
89.0
88.3
89.7
90.8
89.5
91.7
92.9
94.0
93.1
90.7
91.4
87.8
89.8
94.3
78.1
80.6
82.4
85.5
85.2
85.7
87.5
88.0
90.0
89.7
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
69.4
70.3
72.1
73.3
74.6
75.1
76.1
76.7
77.7
78.3
58.3
59.9
61.1
61.5
62.0
63.0
63.9
66.1
68.5
68.3
56.9
56.8
60.1
59.5
59.4
59.7
60.9
62.3
61.7
62.7
59.4
58.9
61.4
61.8
61.5
61.0
61.2
62.2
62.3
63.9
76.4
71.1
70.3
68.8
66.8
65.9
71.5
68.7
70.9
74.3
19901………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1………………
1998 1………………
1999 1………………
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74 4
74.4
76.3
76.5
90.1
93.3
94.0
94.8
93.9
90.8
92.5
92.1
92 1
91.3
91.0
90.8
93.6
94.0
92.8
92.5
88.1
88.8
91.6
91 6
88.6
91.4
90.3
93.3
94.3
95.4
94.5
92.4
92.8
90.5
90 5
89.4
90.5
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75 1
75.9
74.4
79.3
81.0
82.0
83.0
82.9
82.2
83.2
82.9
82 9
82.9
81.5
69.6
70.7
71.9
73.0
72.6
72.6
73.3
74.0
74 0
73.6
71.7
63.8
65.0
65.8
67.4
67.1
67.7
68.9
69.4
69 4
70.5
70.0
63.7
64.5
64.9
67.4
66.0
64.7
65.3
64.7
64 7
68.1
67.9
74.4
68.3
77.9
74.3
76.2
80.0
70.0
77.0
77 0
72.6
78.7
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
79.9
80.2
91.7
90.3
93.9
93.2
93.8
93.2
94.5
92.3
91.1
92.6
92.5
90.3
94.6
93.1
92.1
92.1
87.6
89.1
87.3
90.7
92.7
91.9
93.9
93.9
93.8
93.8
94.9
90.3
92.5
92.9
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
78.2
78.7
82.4
83.0
84.5
86.9
87.8
89.0
88.2
86.9
88.5
88.7
71.6
72.5
75.2
76.1
75.6
75.5
77.2
76.5
74.5
77.4
73.2
73.5
74.6
73.0
72.9
75.5
73.5
74.5
74.9
73.6
69.1
70.5
71.6
72.7
73.0
74.7
72.9
72.8
75.4
75.3
75.1
69.0
73.8
71.1
74.6
76.4
77.5
77.8
74.8
76.1
Year and sex
WOMEN'S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN'S
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1………………
2009 ………………
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
54
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2009) dollars,
by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
$664
$474
$397
$512
$730
$702
$771
$760
$722
$545
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
649
643
644
640
640
654
670
675
671
666
463
452
443
431
426
426
433
439
434
432
381
364
350
335
332
331
332
336
341
341
495
482
469
456
454
456
463
468
463
461
708
697
697
701
711
721
729
727
721
713
683
670
663
656
658
663
672
673
667
658
748
738
755
757
764
772
782
785
784
788
738
724
736
751
756
760
776
774
789
788
705
699
693
708
719
724
741
731
730
720
502
502
539
534
534
565
556
560
563
558
655
654
659
671
668
669
667
670
687
707
428
425
413
412
409
408
405
407
419
439
332
327
317
313
316
323
327
336
352
362
453
447
434
434
429
427
424
427
445
467
714
717
717
718
715
712
707
719
752
762
647
637
632
637
628
630
630
640
660
667
773
765
753
756
768
768
761
771
784
786
777
779
781
792
810
813
808
808
815
839
727
720
723
719
717
718
728
743
778
777
545
585
566
575
549
543
522
523
532
520
717
722
725
723
724
715
714
719
719
739
450
454
454
451
443
436
435
438
441
442
370
369
364
362
351
349
345
349
348
344
477
477
476
469
461
452
450
465
465
464
758
763
770
772
775
765
764
763
758
774
684
697
704
692
686
670
661
665
663
678
778
795
796
801
809
803
796
795
801
817
833
839
841
843
843
822
822
817
819
838
772
772
803
825
823
815
814
830
822
841
577
591
598
601
636
625
620
626
641
684
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
55
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2009) dollars,
by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
WOMEN
1979………………
$501
$424
$364
$444
$537
$548
$540
$529
$521
$468
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
498
495
510
515
521
527
543
547
549
548
413
407
409
405
399
401
409
410
409
411
359
348
337
323
318
316
317
310
321
329
433
432
429
423
418
420
431
437
437
434
527
527
544
548
556
563
575
579
584
586
540
541
550
556
560
563
571
570
570
568
530
538
550
556
574
584
595
608
617
618
517
509
537
540
548
555
575
585
591
596
507
502
522
526
530
542
552
556
552
556
433
428
450
434
430
460
478
471
488
487
550
562
569
575
571
567
569
574
599
609
404
409
400
399
395
384
386
389
401
417
315
315
307
300
302
300
303
320
327
342
428
430
419
423
415
406
405
407
419
441
587
594
599
607
602
598
604
615
637
640
566
570
572
577
568
563
565
569
593
605
620
625
626
636
641
633
630
642
654
647
599
611
624
643
644
648
654
659
678
687
553
558
563
577
569
563
571
577
625
633
477
490
491
490
481
493
454
463
460
476
614
620
631
643
650
643
638
635
635
657
428
427
437
432
426
419
420
423
418
424
352
349
352
348
333
334
324
329
321
323
456
454
459
451
444
435
439
441
443
445
643
657
677
681
680
673
667
668
667
687
614
620
632
636
637
630
620
617
621
634
649
662
681
688
690
682
686
691
679
709
702
711
718
710
709
708
701
700
704
712
633
649
684
700
698
702
700
702
708
727
488
472
513
507
543
541
543
552
561
602
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
2008 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
56
Table 13. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in constant (2009) dollars,
by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and older
MEN
1979………………
$804
$540
$427
$581
$865
$813
$926
$931
$860
$603
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
19861 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
775
769
776
775
770
774
782
783
782
781
515
493
480
456
454
458
459
464
456
452
401
380
362
344
342
348
347
354
357
349
554
536
520
495
491
490
493
496
486
484
839
842
838
832
829
842
864
861
848
835
777
769
763
759
750
749
750
744
733
725
908
898
900
904
925
926
931
921
901
905
908
896
893
908
923
930
944
939
956
950
854
853
851
851
862
888
903
894
887
870
567
602
640
630
644
698
668
686
688
656
765
757
750
746
747
751
758
771
786
795
448
438
425
421
421
423
418
422
439
458
347
336
326
323
326
341
341
349
369
375
474
461
445
443
439
440
437
450
469
488
814
803
802
811
824
821
815
819
840
860
714
704
698
696
685
684
679
686
715
743
890
885
870
871
883
872
860
867
890
903
940
940
949
955
960
957
950
949
962
982
868
865
867
857
863
870
875
891
919
933
641
717
630
659
631
616
649
602
633
605
798
811
809
810
809
793
790
792
795
819
467
473
466
464
454
449
445
458
459
458
381
386
372
374
361
363
370
369
368
356
492
494
489
480
473
464
463
488
479
479
863
872
872
867
865
847
848
851
854
873
745
747
747
732
725
708
703
710
701
715
907
913
905
903
913
903
889
903
911
916
960
967
962
972
973
937
954
940
940
967
915
920
956
964
957
940
960
965
939
965
650
684
695
713
728
708
700
709
750
791
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1
1999 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
1
2003 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
1
2008 ………………
2009 ………………
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to
constant dollars. (See Technical Note.)
57
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current
dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual averages
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$241
$248
$199
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
269
291
310
320
336
356
371
384
395
409
212
235
245
261
269
277
291
301
314
319
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
424
442
458
475
484
494
506
519
545
573
329
348
357
369
371
383
387
400
426
445
-
2000 1……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
722
739
590
610
623
636
657
672
690
716
742
757
474
491
498
514
525
520
554
569
589
601
$615
639
658
693
708
753
784
830
861
880
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
See footnote at end of table.
58
-
$194
209
223
240
250
259
270
277
285
290
298
304
312
321
331
324
329
339
351
370
385
399
417
424
440
456
471
486
503
529
541
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current
dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$182
$184
$169
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
203
221
242
254
268
281
294
307
318
334
185
206
217
232
241
252
264
276
288
301
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
346
366
380
393
399
406
418
431
456
473
353
373
387
401
408
415
428
444
468
483
308
323
335
348
346
355
362
375
400
409
-
20001 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
638
657
502
522
547
567
584
596
609
626
654
669
429
454
473
491
505
499
519
533
554
582
$547
563
566
598
613
665
699
731
753
779
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
See footnote at end of table.
59
-
$157
172
190
203
215
223
230
241
251
260
269
278
292
302
313
305
305
316
318
337
348
366
388
397
410
419
429
440
473
501
509
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current
dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$292
$298
$227
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
320
350
375
387
401
418
433
450
465
482
244
268
278
294
303
305
319
327
348
348
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
494
506
514
524
547
566
580
595
615
638
361
375
380
392
400
411
412
432
468
488
-
20001 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
798
819
662
689
702
715
732
743
761
788
825
845
510
529
524
555
569
559
591
600
620
621
$685
732
756
772
802
825
882
936
966
952
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
See footnote at end of table.
60
-
$219
234
251
269
274
287
296
299
306
308
315
318
323
339
346
343
350
356
371
390
406
417
440
451
464
480
489
505
520
559
569
Table 14. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in current
dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
71.7
85.3
86.1
88.2
88.8
86.5
86.4
87.9
86.8
85.5
85 5
83.8
-
84.1
85.8
90.3
88.5
88.8
89.3
87.8
88.8
89.4
93.7
79.9
76.9
74.9
77.5
76.4
80.6
79.3
78.1
78.0
81.8
87.8
88.2
88.0
88.4
87.3
87.7
87.1
91.0
89.6
89.5
1979……………………………………
62.3
61.7
74.4
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
63.4
63.1
64.5
65.6
66.8
67.2
67.9
68.2
68.4
69.3
75.8
76.9
78.1
78.9
79.5
82.6
82.8
84.4
82.8
86.5
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74.4
76 3
76.3
76.5
71.5
73.7
75.3
76.5
74.6
73.3
73.8
74.6
76.1
76 1
75.7
20001 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
79.9
80.2
75.8
75.8
77.9
79.3
79.8
80.2
80.0
79.4
79.3
79.2
1
73.5
75.7
75.5
78.5
77.7
77.7
80.6
82.0
84.4
85.4
87.4
90.4
89.1
90.5
88.9
87.1
88.8
85.7
86 4
86.4
85.7
The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian)
include persons who selected that race group only; persons who selected more than one race group are not
included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified
as the main race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Asian data
for 2000–2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data
for Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash indicates data not available.
61
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$664
$683
$548
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
649
643
644
640
640
654
670
675
671
666
666
658
661
654
660
677
692
693
688
683
525
532
522
534
528
527
543
543
547
533
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
655
654
659
671
668
669
667
670
687
707
674
679
686
694
692
690
688
691
716
737
523
535
534
539
531
535
527
533
560
573
-
2000 1……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
717
722
725
723
724
715
714
719
719
739
735
738
743
741
746
738
734
740
739
757
590
594
594
599
596
571
589
588
587
601
$766
774
784
808
804
827
834
858
858
880
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
See footnote at end of table.
62
-
$534
517
505
512
511
509
513
517
514
505
497
483
479
481
484
464
459
461
467
486
495
497
505
505
513
518
518
517
520
527
541
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$501
$507
$466
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
498
495
510
515
521
527
543
547
549
548
502
500
516
519
527
534
549
554
554
558
458
466
463
474
473
479
493
498
502
503
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
550
562
569
575
571
567
569
574
599
609
561
573
579
586
584
580
582
591
615
622
490
496
501
509
495
496
493
499
526
526
-
20001 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
614
620
631
643
650
643
638
635
635
657
625
632
652
661
663
655
648
647
651
669
534
550
564
572
573
548
552
551
552
582
$681
682
675
697
696
731
744
756
750
779
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
See footnote at end of table.
63
-
$433
426
430
433
440
438
437
450
453
453
449
442
449
452
458
436
426
430
423
443
448
456
470
473
478
476
471
468
489
499
509
Table 15. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$804
$821
$625
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
775
769
776
775
770
774
782
783
782
781
792
792
800
791
788
795
808
812
810
805
604
606
593
601
595
580
595
590
606
581
19901 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
19941 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
19971 ……………………………………
19981 ……………………………………
19991 ……………………………………
765
757
750
746
747
751
758
771
786
795
785
777
769
766
783
791
789
792
808
821
574
576
569
573
572
574
561
575
615
628
-
20001 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
20031 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
20081 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
798
811
809
810
809
793
790
792
795
819
824
834
837
833
831
816
810
815
822
845
635
640
625
647
646
614
629
620
618
621
$853
886
901
900
910
907
938
968
962
952
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
-
$603
579
568
574
560
564
563
558
552
537
526
506
496
507
506
491
489
484
494
512
523
519
533
538
541
545
537
537
538
557
569
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian)
include persons who selected that race group only; persons who selected more than one race group are not
included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified
as the main race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Asian data
for 2000–2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data
for Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash indicates data not available. The Consumer Price Index
research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant dollars. (See
Technical Note.)
64
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and
older, in current dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$265
$210
$249
$282
$344
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1986 1 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
222
240
248
256
263
270
278
284
288
297
266
286
302
311
323
333
344
356
368
375
304
324
351
363
382
399
409
421
430
452
376
407
438
461
486
506
525
564
585
609
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
303
307
311
314
307
309
317
321
337
346
386
397
403
415
421
432
443
461
479
490
476
489
484
494
499
508
518
535
558
580
638
666
696
715
733
747
758
779
821
860
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
761
774
362
382
388
396
401
409
419
428
453
454
505
520
535
554
574
583
595
604
618
626
596
617
629
639
661
670
692
704
722
726
891
921
941
964
986
1,013
1,039
1,072
1,115
1,137
1
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1994 1 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 …………………………………
1998 1 …………………………………
1999 1 …………………………………
1
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
2008 1 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
65
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and
older, in current dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
WOMEN
1979……………………………………
$195
$152
$185
$211
$264
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1986 1 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
164
175
184
195
200
202
208
214
221
231
201
217
236
246
259
268
277
288
298
304
231
255
274
288
305
317
330
347
360
379
290
318
346
369
390
414
436
466
485
507
1990 1 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1994 1 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 …………………………………
1998 1 …………………………………
1
1999 …………………………………
369
387
400
415
421
428
444
462
485
497
240
250
256
263
257
262
268
275
283
290
315
328
337
347
351
356
365
378
396
405
395
409
407
422
423
427
442
459
476
488
535
562
594
611
634
644
657
672
707
740
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
670
687
304
316
325
329
334
341
358
369
378
382
420
443
458
474
488
493
500
512
520
542
505
520
543
560
577
587
602
609
628
630
756
786
809
832
860
883
905
932
955
970
1
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
1
2008 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
66
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and
older, in current dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
MEN
1979……………………………………
$314
$252
$308
$329
$396
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
267
286
293
301
308
314
321
324
332
346
327
356
374
388
399
407
416
423
437
450
358
389
411
422
446
472
485
497
503
517
427
475
503
518
562
590
618
653
679
705
1990 1 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 …………………………………
1
1998 …………………………………
1
1999 …………………………………
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
349
349
351
356
342
347
357
365
383
395
459
470
479
487
496
507
516
535
559
580
542
563
555
572
587
596
604
621
643
665
741
764
791
806
826
845
874
896
939
977
2000 1 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
1
2008 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
857
873
406
419
421
429
446
455
469
481
497
500
591
609
617
628
645
652
678
689
709
716
691
723
731
740
761
766
796
810
830
835
1,020
1,067
1,090
1,131
1,143
1,167
1,205
1,243
1,285
1,327
See footnote at end of table.
67
Table 16. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and
older, in current dollars, by sex and educational attainment, 1979–2009 annual
averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
1979……………………………………
62.1
60.3
60.1
64.1
66.7
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
61.4
61.2
62.8
64.8
64.9
64.3
64.8
66.0
66.6
66.8
61.5
61.0
63.1
63.4
64.9
65.8
66.6
68.1
68.2
67.6
64.5
65.6
66.7
68.2
68.4
67.2
68.0
69.8
71.6
73.3
67.9
66.9
68.8
71.2
69.4
70.2
70.6
71.4
71.4
71.9
1
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
68.8
71.6
72.9
73.9
75.1
75.5
75.1
75.3
73.9
73.4
68.6
69.8
70.4
71.3
70.8
70.2
70.7
70.7
70.8
69.8
72.9
72.6
73.3
73.8
72.1
71.6
73.2
73.9
74.0
73.4
72.2
73.6
75.1
75.8
76.8
76.2
75.2
75.0
75.3
75.7
1
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
78.2
78.7
74.9
75.4
77.2
76.7
74.9
74.9
76.3
76.7
76.1
76.4
71.1
72.7
74.2
75.5
75.7
75.6
73.7
74.3
73.3
75.7
73.1
71.9
74.3
75.7
75.8
76.6
75.6
75.2
75.7
75.4
74.1
73.7
74.2
73.6
75.2
75.7
75.1
75.0
74.3
73.1
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 …………………………………
1
1998 …………………………………
1
1999 …………………………………
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
3
2008 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
68
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2009 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$730
$579
$686
$777
$948
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1986 1 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
708
697
697
701
711
721
729
727
721
713
550
543
529
524
517
513
519
513
502
496
658
647
644
636
635
633
642
643
641
626
752
733
748
742
750
759
763
760
749
755
931
921
934
943
955
962
979
1,018
1,019
1,017
714
717
717
718
715
712
707
719
752
762
482
472
466
459
439
432
431
427
443
445
614
610
603
607
602
603
603
614
629
631
757
751
725
722
714
709
705
712
733
746
1,014
1,023
1,042
1,045
1,049
1,043
1,031
1,037
,
1,079
1,107
758
763
770
772
775
765
764
763
758
774
451
462
462
462
455
449
446
443
451
454
629
630
638
646
652
641
633
625
616
626
742
747
750
745
750
736
736
728
719
726
1,110
1,115
1,122
1,124
1,119
1,113
1,105
1,109
1,111
1,137
1
1990 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1994 1 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 …………………………………
1998 1 …………………………………
1999 1 …………………………………
1
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
2008 1 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
69
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
WOMEN
1979……………………………………
$537
$419
$510
$581
$727
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1986 1 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
527
527
544
548
556
563
575
579
584
586
406
396
392
399
393
384
388
386
385
386
498
491
503
503
509
510
517
520
519
508
572
577
584
589
599
603
616
626
627
633
718
719
738
755
766
787
813
841
845
846
1990 1 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1994 1 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 …………………………………
1998 1 …………………………………
1
1999 …………………………………
587
594
599
607
602
598
604
615
637
640
382
384
383
385
368
366
365
366
372
373
501
504
504
507
502
497
497
503
520
521
628
628
609
617
605
596
601
611
625
628
851
863
889
893
907
899
894
895
929
952
643
657
677
681
680
673
667
668
667
687
379
383
387
383
379
375
381
382
376
382
523
536
546
552
554
542
532
529
518
542
629
630
647
653
655
645
640
630
625
630
941
952
964
970
976
970
963
964
951
970
1
2000 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
1
2008 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
70
Table 17. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years
and older, in constant (2009) dollars, by sex and educational attainment,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High
school,
no college
Some
college or
associate's
degree
Bachelor's
degree and
higher
MEN
1979……………………………………
$865
$694
$848
$906
$1,091
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ………………………………..
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
839
842
838
832
829
842
864
861
848
835
661
647
625
616
605
597
599
585
578
578
809
805
797
793
784
774
776
764
761
751
886
880
876
863
876
897
905
897
876
863
1,057
1,075
1,072
1,059
1,104
1,122
1,153
1,179
1,183
1,177
1990 1 …………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 …………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 …………………………………
1
1998 …………………………………
1
1999 …………………………………
814
803
802
811
824
821
815
819
840
860
555
536
525
520
489
485
486
486
503
508
730
722
717
712
710
708
702
712
735
746
862
865
831
836
840
832
822
827
845
856
1,178
1,174
1,184
1,178
1,182
1,180
1,189
1,193
,
1,234
1,257
2000 1 …………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 …………………………………
2004 …………………………………
2005 …………………………………
2006 …………………………………
2007 …………………………………
1
2008 …………………………………
2009 …………………………………
863
872
872
867
865
847
848
851
854
873
506
507
502
500
506
500
499
497
495
500
736
737
735
732
732
716
721
713
706
716
861
875
871
862
864
842
847
838
827
835
1,270
1,292
1,299
1,318
1,297
1,282
1,282
1,285
1,280
1,327
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert
current dollars to constant dollars. (See Technical Note.)
71
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$4.44
$3.49
$3.10
$4.02
$5.11
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
3.71
3.97
4.05
4.08
4.18
4.26
4.41
4.59
4.79
4.95
3.22
3.58
3.60
3.61
3.65
3.67
3.71
3.81
4.03
4.22
4.29
4.61
4.66
4.69
4.82
4.94
5.06
5.21
5.38
5.65
1
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9.10
9 53
9.53
5.16
5.26
5.37
5.51
5.62
5.80
5.94
6.15
6.58
6.87
6 87
4.49
4.69
4.73
4.80
4.91
5.04
5.17
5.51
5.88
6.08
6 08
1
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
12.23
12.44
7.24
7.69
7.81
7.90
7.98
8.07
8.24
8.65
8.87
8.90
6.41
6.76
6.91
6.93
7.00
7.05
7.23
7.57
7.84
7.92
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$5.20
$5.29
$5.16
$4.97
$3.23
5.55
5.99
6.28
6.55
6.84
7.05
7.23
7.46
7.74
7.94
5.66
6.09
6.35
6.50
6.77
6.92
7.01
7.19
7.43
7.64
5.76
6.20
6.61
6.91
7.17
7.49
7.79
7.94
8.17
8.56
5.65
6.01
6.42
6.73
7.08
7.37
7.73
7.86
8.16
8.42
5.39
5.81
6.11
6.41
6.62
6.91
7.17
7.42
7.48
7.82
3.56
3.92
4.12
4.40
4.63
4.74
4.97
5.08
5.23
5.42
5.91
6.00
6.03
6.15
6.22
6.42
6.69
6.91
7.24
7.74
7 74
8.16
8.48
8.73
8.95
9.12
9.36
9.62
9.87
10.13
10.47
10 47
7.90
8.04
8.17
8.27
8.38
8.71
8.82
9.04
9.65
9.98
9 98
8.82
9.17
9.38
9.61
9.92
10.02
10.14
10.36
10.86
11.02
11 02
8.79
9.11
9.52
9.86
10.02
10.13
10.24
10.60
10.96
11.33
11 33
8.02
8.19
8.48
8.90
9.02
9.20
9.39
9.73
10.08
10.38
10 38
5.75
5.94
6.14
6.39
6.39
6.65
6.77
6.89
7.40
7.70
7 70
8.07
8.38
8.47
8.66
8.78
8.91
9.16
9.66
9.76
9.77
10.88
11.40
11.83
12.05
12.23
12.48
12.94
13.16
13.81
13.91
10.18
10.67
10.98
11.25
11.37
11.76
11.95
12.05
12.50
12.60
11.35
11.97
12.18
12.46
12.89
13.11
13.49
13.93
14.38
14.59
11.82
12.17
12.46
12.97
13.23
13.48
14.03
14.39
14.87
14.85
10.82
11.37
11.85
12.19
12.58
12.95
13.33
13.71
14.20
14.70
8.05
8.53
9.07
9.19
9.62
9.93
10.15
10.37
10.89
11.49
Total
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1999 1 ………………
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
72
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$3.62
$3.19
$3.03
$3.52
$3.90
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
3.45
3.71
3.78
3.82
3.93
4.01
4.11
4.22
4.48
4.69
3.14
3.52
3.55
3.55
3.59
3.61
3.65
3.71
3.91
4.10
3.79
4.09
4.19
4.26
4.36
4.56
4.71
4.89
5.05
5.23
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
7.73
7.94
8.23
8 64
8.64
4.95
5.08
5.16
5.27
5.32
5.49
5.68
5.95
6.24
6.60
6 60
4.35
4.64
4.69
4.73
4.83
4.94
5.09
5.42
5.78
5.98
5 98
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
11.49
11.76
7.00
7.25
7.45
7.59
7.71
7.80
7.99
8.15
8.43
8.58
6.23
6.61
6.80
6.85
6.86
6.92
7.11
7.41
7.71
7.82
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$4.04
$3.97
$3.84
$3.75
$3.12
4.24
4.69
5.02
5.23
5.48
5.73
5.95
6.16
6.44
6.78
4.44
4.89
5.19
5.44
5.60
5.79
5.95
6.14
6.36
6.68
4.29
4.77
5.08
5.31
5.61
5.91
6.13
6.35
6.76
7.10
4.23
4.59
4.95
5.19
5.51
5.76
5.99
6.28
6.59
6.90
4.08
4.43
4.80
5.07
5.27
5.46
5.75
6.03
6.08
6.38
3.38
3.71
3.93
4.16
4.37
4.43
4.73
4.85
5.12
5.14
5.57
5.71
5.77
5.96
5.98
6.09
6.26
6.55
6.93
7.22
7 22
7.07
7.34
7.65
7.87
8.05
8.17
8.43
8.75
9.13
9.53
9 53
7.01
7.19
7.45
7.61
7.78
7.92
8.06
8.20
8.80
9.10
9 10
7.37
7.73
7.99
8.16
8.44
8.63
8.89
9.14
9.66
9.83
9 83
7.16
7.61
7.94
8.18
8.46
8.72
8.94
9.26
9.78
9.95
9 95
6.73
6.95
7.20
7.56
7.82
7.93
8.07
8.31
8.85
9.33
9 33
5.45
5.76
5.97
6.18
6.24
6.45
6.45
6.83
7.21
7.50
7 50
7.80
8.00
8.11
8.19
8.32
8.50
8.82
9.00
9.16
9.19
9.89
10.20
10.71
11.01
11.23
11.58
11.87
12.05
12.48
12.76
9.69
9.94
10.12
10.51
10.62
10.86
11.07
11.21
11.72
11.96
10.03
10.44
10.98
11.17
11.45
11.84
12.05
12.36
12.89
13.00
10.18
10.85
11.18
11.79
11.95
12.13
12.26
12.85
13.16
13.09
9.84
10.39
10.81
11.05
11.57
11.86
12.12
12.23
13.00
13.59
7.87
8.14
8.73
8.84
9.16
9.82
9.97
10.15
10.53
11.11
Total
WOMEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1999 1 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
73
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
$5.65
$3.90
$3.19
$4.64
$6.69
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
4.10
4.31
4.38
4.38
4.57
4.68
4.79
4.91
5.03
5.17
3.37
3.64
3.66
3.67
3.72
3.75
3.82
3.95
4.14
4.39
4.92
5.11
5.12
5.05
5.16
5.23
5.43
5.68
5.79
6.02
1990 ……………… 8.27
1991………………
8.59
1992………………
8.67
1993………………
8.86
1994 1 ……………… 9.00
1995………………
9.23
1996………………
9.52
1997 1 ……………… 9.83
1998 1 ……………… 10.06
1999 1 ……………… 10.31
5.44
5.58
5.65
5.75
5.88
6.04
6.17
6.45
6.91
7.12
4.64
4.74
4.80
4.87
4.98
5.14
5.25
5.61
5.98
6.18
7.63
8.01
8.05
8.14
8.21
8.42
8.79
9.13
9.24
9.22
6.64
6.90
7.02
7.02
7.15
7.21
7.43
7.77
7.98
8.05
25 to 34
years
65 years
and
older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
$6.38
$7.12
$7.10
$6.59
$3.56
7.22
7.78
8.08
8.31
8.60
8.85
9.02
9.16
9.38
9.71
6.93
7.33
7.67
7.74
7.88
8.00
8.03
8.26
8.41
8.56
7.81
8.30
8.89
9.22
9.51
9.80
9.99
10.10
10.22
10.59
7.78
8.49
8.88
9.16
9.69
9.97
10.15
10.24
10.69
10.88
7.24
7.88
8.14
8.74
8.86
9.04
9.54
9.72
9.74
10.00
3.79
4.21
4.46
4.75
4.91
4.99
5.18
5.32
5.52
5.90
6.18
6.23
6.24
6.33
6.56
6.82
6.99
7.18
7.78
8.03
9.84
9.98
10.06
10.18
10.29
10.73
10.78
11.10
11.72
12.00
8.83
8.94
9.02
9.10
9.10
9.46
9.70
9.92
10.22
10.84
10.73
10.98
10.93
11.16
11.50
11.89
11.91
12.07
12.48
12.78
11.13
11.71
12.02
12.15
12.10
12.32
12.40
12.80
13.04
13.68
10.17
10.08
10.39
10.96
11.06
11.11
11.15
11.79
12.22
12.21
6.08
6.22
6.45
6.71
6.64
6.85
7.04
6.96
7.74
7.86
8.39
8.92
8.88
9.00
9.07
9.20
9.75
9.96
10.00
9.99
12.24
12.88
13.05
13.25
13.74
13.91
14.27
14.75
15.03
15.07
10.97
11.58
11.89
12.01
12.03
12.17
12.63
12.83
13.47
13.20
13.14
13.92
13.96
14.13
14.60
14.88
15.06
15.17
16.02
16.10
13.90
14.25
14.40
14.93
15.11
15.13
16.04
16.15
16.82
16.99
12.81
12.95
13.38
14.09
14.54
14.79
15.04
15.45
15.90
16.09
8.31
9.00
9.78
9.79
9.90
10.04
10.72
11.01
11.50
12.00
Total
MEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
13.46
13.76
See footnote at end of table.
74
Table 18. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in current dollars, by sex
and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and
older
Total
16 to 19
years
25 years and older
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
WOMEN'S
EARNINGS
AS PERCENT
OF MEN'S
1979………………
64.1
81.8
95.0
75.9
58.3
63.3
55.8
54.1
56.9
87.6
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
84.1
86.1
86.3
87.2
86.0
85.7
85.8
85.9
89.1
90.7
93.2
96.7
97.0
96.7
96.5
96.3
95.5
93.9
94.4
93.4
77.0
80.0
81.8
84.4
84.5
87.2
86.7
86.1
87.2
86.9
58.7
60.3
62.1
62.9
63.7
64.7
66.0
67.2
68.7
69.8
64.1
66.7
67.7
70.3
71.1
72.4
74.1
74.3
75.6
78.0
54.9
57.5
57.1
57.6
59.0
60.3
61.4
62.9
66.1
67.0
54.4
54.1
55.7
56.7
56.9
57.8
59.0
61.3
61.6
63.4
56.4
56.2
59.0
58.0
59.5
60.4
60.3
62.0
62.4
63.8
89.2
88.1
88.1
87.6
89.0
88.8
91.3
91.2
92.8
87.1
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80 8
80.8
81.8
83.8
91.0
91.0
91.3
91.7
90.5
90.9
92.1
92.2
92 2
90.3
92.7
93.8
97.9
97.7
97.1
97.0
96.1
97.0
96.6
96 6
96.7
96.8
90.1
91.7
92.5
94.2
91.2
89.3
89.6
91.2
91 2
89.1
89.9
71.8
73.5
76.0
77.3
78.2
76.1
78.2
78.8
78 8
77.9
79.4
79.4
80.4
82.6
83.6
85.5
83.7
83.1
82.7
82 7
86.1
83.9
68.7
70.4
73.1
73.1
73.4
72.6
74.6
75.7
75 7
77.4
76.9
64.3
65.0
66.1
67.3
69.9
70.8
72.1
72.3
72 3
75.0
72.7
66.2
68.9
69.3
69.0
70.7
71.4
72.4
70.5
70 5
72.4
76.4
89.6
92.6
92.6
92.1
94.0
94.2
91.6
98.1
98 1
93.2
95.4
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
85.4
85.5
91.7
90.5
92.5
93.2
93.9
92.6
90.9
89.3
91.2
93.1
93.8
95.8
96.9
97.6
95.9
96.0
95.7
95.4
96.6
97.1
93.0
89.7
91.3
91.0
91.7
92.4
90.5
90.4
91.6
92.0
80.8
79.2
82.1
83.1
81.7
83.2
83.2
81.7
83.0
84.7
88.3
85.8
85.1
87.5
88.3
89.2
87.6
87.4
87.0
90.6
76.3
75.0
78.7
79.1
78.4
79.6
80.0
81.5
80.5
80.7
73.2
76.1
77.6
79.0
79.1
80.2
76.4
79.6
78.2
77.0
76.8
80.2
80.8
78.4
79.6
80.2
80.6
79.2
81.8
84.5
94.7
90.4
89.3
90.3
92.5
97.8
93.0
92.2
91.6
92.6
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1
1994 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1
1997 ………………
19981 ………………
19991 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
1
The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
75
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant
(2009) dollars, by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages
16 to 24 years
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$12.23
$9.61
$8.54
$11.07
$14.08
$14.33
$14.57
$14.21
$13.69
$8.90
11.93
11.65
11.51
11.43
11.45
11.46
11.57
11.68
11.72
11.67
9.18
8.98
8.64
8.34
8.21
8.10
8.23
8.29
8.34
8.26
7.97
8.10
7.68
7.38
7.17
6.98
6.92
6.88
7.02
7.05
10.62
10.43
9.94
9.59
9.47
9.39
9.44
9.40
9.37
9.43
13.74
13.55
13.39
13.39
13.44
13.40
13.49
13.47
13.48
13.26
14.01
13.78
13.54
13.29
13.30
13.16
13.08
12.98
12.94
12.75
14.26
14.03
14.09
14.13
14.09
14.24
14.53
14.33
14.23
14.29
13.99
13.60
13.69
13.76
13.91
14.01
14.42
14.19
14.22
14.06
13.34
13.14
13.03
13.11
13.01
13.14
13.38
13.39
13.03
13.06
8.81
8.87
8.78
9.00
9.10
9.01
9.27
9.17
9.11
9.05
1
11.49
11.52
11.56
11.51
11.46
11.41
11.43
11.65
11.96
12 27
12.27
8.20
8.08
8.04
8.06
8.04
8.10
8.08
8.19
8.65
8.84
8 84
7.14
7.20
7.08
7.02
7.02
7.04
7.03
7.34
7.73
7.82
7 82
9.40
9.22
9.03
8.99
8.90
8.97
9.10
9.20
9.51
9.96
9 96
12.97
13.03
13.07
13.08
13.05
13.07
13.09
13.14
13.31
13.47
13 47
12.56
12.35
12.23
12.09
11.99
12.16
12.00
12.04
12.68
12.84
12 84
14.02
14.09
14.04
14.05
14.19
13.99
13.80
13.79
14.27
14.18
14 18
13.97
13.99
14.25
14.42
14.33
14.15
13.93
14.11
14.40
14.58
14 58
12.75
12.58
12.69
13.01
12.90
12.85
12.78
12.96
13.25
13.36
13 36
9.14
9.12
9.19
9.34
9.14
9.29
9.21
9.17
9.72
9.91
9 91
1
12.34
12.34
12.48
12.65
12.49
12.30
12.51
12.36
12.18
12.44
9.02
9.31
9.31
9.21
9.06
8.87
8.77
8.95
8.83
8.90
7.98
8.18
8.24
8.08
7.95
7.75
7.69
7.83
7.81
7.92
10.05
10.15
10.10
10.09
9.97
9.79
9.74
9.99
9.72
9.77
13.55
13.80
14.10
14.04
13.88
13.71
13.77
13.61
13.75
13.91
12.68
12.92
13.09
13.11
12.91
12.92
12.71
12.46
12.45
12.60
14.13
14.49
14.52
14.52
14.63
14.41
14.35
14.41
14.32
14.59
14.72
14.73
14.85
15.12
15.02
14.81
14.93
14.88
14.81
14.85
13.47
13.77
14.12
14.21
14.28
14.23
14.18
14.18
14.14
14.70
10.02
10.33
10.81
10.71
10.92
10.91
10.80
10.72
10.85
11.49
Year and sex
BOTH SEXES
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1999 1 ………………
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
76
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant
(2009) dollars, by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$9.97
$8.79
$8.35
$9.70
$10.74
$11.13
$10.94
$10.58
$10.33
$8.60
1980………………
9.78
1981………………
9.68
1982………………
9.83
1983………………
9.82
1984………………
9.76
1985………………
9.75
1986 1 ……………… 9.94
1987………………
10.11
1988………………
10.17
1989………………
10.20
8.54
8.39
8.06
7.81
7.72
7.62
7.67
7.62
7.80
7.83
7.77
7.96
7.57
7.26
7.05
6.86
6.81
6.70
6.81
6.84
9.38
9.25
8.93
8.71
8.57
8.67
8.79
8.83
8.80
8.73
10.50
10.61
10.70
10.70
10.77
10.89
11.10
11.12
11.22
11.32
10.99
11.06
11.07
11.12
11.00
11.01
11.10
11.08
11.08
11.15
10.62
10.79
10.83
10.86
11.02
11.24
11.44
11.46
11.78
11.85
10.47
10.38
10.55
10.61
10.83
10.95
11.18
11.34
11.48
11.52
10.10
10.02
10.23
10.37
10.35
10.38
10.73
10.88
10.59
10.65
8.37
8.39
8.38
8.51
8.59
8.42
8.82
8.75
8.92
8.58
10.24
10.37
10.42
10.41
10.37
10.42
10.52
10.57
10.81
11 12
11.12
7.87
7.80
7.72
7.70
7.61
7.67
7.73
7.92
8.20
8.49
8 49
6.92
7.13
7.02
6.92
6.91
6.90
6.93
7.22
7.60
7.70
7 70
8.86
8.77
8.64
8.71
8.56
8.51
8.52
8.72
9.11
9.29
9 29
11.24
11.27
11.45
11.51
11.52
11.41
11.47
11.65
12.00
12.27
12 27
11.14
11.04
11.15
11.13
11.13
11.06
10.97
10.92
11.56
11.71
11 71
11.72
11.87
11.96
11.93
12.07
12.05
12.10
12.17
12.69
12.65
12 65
11.38
11.69
11.89
11.96
12.10
12.18
12.16
12.33
12.85
12.81
12 81
10.70
10.68
10.78
11.05
11.19
11.08
10.98
11.07
11.63
12.01
12 01
8.66
8.85
8.94
9.04
8.93
9.01
8.78
9.09
9.47
9.65
9 65
11.28
11.67
11.79
11.75
11.54
11.33
11.33
11.35
11.44
11.76
8.72
8.78
8.88
8.85
8.75
8.57
8.50
8.43
8.40
8.58
7.76
8.00
8.10
7.98
7.79
7.60
7.56
7.66
7.68
7.82
9.71
9.69
9.67
9.55
9.44
9.34
9.38
9.31
9.12
9.19
12.32
12.35
12.77
12.83
12.75
12.73
12.63
12.46
12.43
12.76
12.07
12.03
12.06
12.25
12.05
11.93
11.78
11.59
11.67
11.96
12.49
12.64
13.09
13.02
13.00
13.01
12.82
12.78
12.84
13.00
12.68
13.14
13.33
13.74
13.56
13.33
13.04
13.29
13.11
13.09
12.25
12.58
12.88
12.88
13.13
13.03
12.89
12.65
12.95
13.59
9.80
9.85
10.41
10.30
10.40
10.79
10.61
10.50
10.49
11.11
Year and sex
WOMEN
1979………………
1
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1
1998 ………………
1999 1 ………………
1
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
See footnote at end of table.
77
Table 19. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in constant
(2009) dollars, by sex and age, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
16 to 24 years
Total,
16 years
and
older
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$15.56
$10.74
$8.79
$12.78
$18.43
$17.58
$19.61
$19.56
$18.15
$9.81
15.10
14.86
14.61
14.15
13.99
13.94
14.16
14.03
13.78
13.52
10.15
9.75
9.34
8.96
8.98
8.90
8.94
8.86
8.76
8.63
8.34
8.24
7.80
7.51
7.31
7.13
7.13
7.13
7.21
7.33
12.18
11.56
10.92
10.33
10.14
9.94
10.13
10.25
10.09
10.05
17.87
17.60
17.23
16.99
16.90
16.83
16.83
16.53
16.34
16.21
17.15
16.58
16.35
15.83
15.48
15.21
14.98
14.91
14.65
14.29
19.33
18.78
18.96
18.85
18.68
18.63
18.64
18.23
17.80
17.68
19.26
19.21
18.93
18.73
19.04
18.95
18.94
18.48
18.62
18.16
17.92
17.83
17.36
17.87
17.41
17.19
17.80
17.55
16.97
16.69
9.38
9.52
9.51
9.71
9.65
9.49
9.66
9.60
9.62
9.85
1
13.15
13.20
12.98
12.95
12.88
12.89
12.95
13.09
13.22
13.27
8.65
8.57
8.46
8.41
8.41
8.44
8.39
8.59
9.08
9.16
7.38
7.28
7.19
7.12
7.12
7.18
7.14
7.47
7.86
7.95
9.83
9.57
9.34
9.25
9.38
9.53
9.51
9.56
10.22
10.33
15.64
15.33
15.06
14.88
14.72
14.99
14.67
14.78
15.40
15.44
14.04
13.73
13.50
13.30
13.02
13.21
13.20
13.21
13.43
13.95
17.06
16.87
16.36
16.32
16.45
16.61
16.20
16.07
16.40
16.45
17.69
17.99
17.99
17.76
17.31
17.21
16.87
17.04
17.14
17.61
16.17
15.48
15.55
16.02
15.82
15.52
15.17
15.70
16.06
15.71
9.67
9.55
9.66
9.81
9.50
9.57
9.58
9.27
10.17
10.12
1
13.46
13.70
13.87
13.86
13.64
13.36
13.49
13.39
13.41
13.76
9.50
9.70
9.59
9.49
9.32
9.25
9.35
9.44
9.20
9.22
8.27
8.35
8.37
8.18
8.12
7.92
7.90
8.04
7.95
8.05
10.45
10.80
10.58
10.49
10.30
10.11
10.37
10.30
9.96
9.99
15.24
15.59
15.55
15.44
15.60
15.29
15.18
15.25
14.97
15.07
13.66
14.02
14.17
14.00
13.65
13.37
13.44
13.27
13.42
13.20
16.36
16.85
16.64
16.47
16.57
16.35
16.02
15.69
15.96
16.10
17.31
17.25
17.16
17.40
17.15
16.63
17.06
16.70
16.75
16.99
15.95
15.68
15.95
16.42
16.50
16.25
16.00
15.98
15.84
16.09
10.35
10.90
11.66
11.41
11.24
11.03
11.40
11.39
11.45
12.00
Year and sex
MEN
1979………………
1980………………
1981………………
1982………………
1983………………
1984………………
1985………………
1986 1 ………………
1987………………
1988………………
1989………………
1990 ………………
1991………………
1992………………
1993………………
1994 1 ………………
1995………………
1996………………
1997 1 ………………
1998 1 ………………
1999 1 ………………
2000 ………………
2001………………
2002………………
2003 1 ………………
2004 ………………
2005 ………………
2006 ………………
2007 ………………
2008 1 ………………
2009 ………………
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and conceptual changes in
the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability section of the Household Data technical
documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
NOTE: The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to
constant dollars. (See Technical Note.)
78
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
current dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$4.44
$4.51
$4.11
-
$4.08
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
4.88
5.18
5.47
5.66
5.90
6.10
6.28
6.56
6.81
7.08
4.44
4.90
5.06
5.15
5.36
5.50
5.80
5.99
6.15
6.43
-
4.44
4.81
5.01
5.09
5.27
5.47
5.65
5.82
5.95
6.07
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9 10
9.10
9.53
7.33
7.61
7.82
7.97
8.11
8.32
8.57
8.88
9.22
9 22
9.74
6.81
7.00
7.06
7.18
7.29
7.66
7.76
8.01
8.39
8 39
8.85
-
6.28
6.46
6.65
6.83
6.93
7.00
7.17
7.39
7 92
7.92
8.07
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
12.23
12.44
9.96
10.26
10.71
10.97
11.13
11.48
11.86
12.08
12.54
12.66
9.34
9.78
9.93
10.15
10.19
10.17
10.66
10.89
11.20
11.64
$10.07
10.75
10.36
11.12
11.10
12.01
12.53
12.22
13.01
13.16
8.54
9.06
9.22
9.76
9.81
9.95
10.12
10.24
10.97
11.04
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
2008 1 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
79
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
current dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$3.62
$3.62
$3.55
-
$3.44
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
3.96
4.28
4.61
4.81
4.98
5.14
5.35
5.62
5.86
6.13
3.88
4.19
4.49
4.72
4.87
5.04
5.17
5.40
5.61
5.88
-
3.78
4.10
4.33
4.42
4.65
4.82
5.00
5.11
5.28
5.53
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
7.73
7.94
8.23
8.64
6.46
6.76
6.99
7.16
7.34
7.54
7.79
8.00
8.33
8.73
6.23
6.55
6.64
6.87
6.93
7.12
7.20
7.59
7.90
8.13
-
5.80
5.98
6.17
6.31
6.40
6.60
6.77
6.82
7.22
7.46
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
11.49
11.76
9.09
9.73
9.94
10.11
10.21
10.50
10.77
11.06
11.70
11.83
8.86
9.15
9.45
9.91
9.93
9.93
10.11
10.45
10.78
11.01
$9.77
10.07
10.10
10.68
10.57
11.64
11.95
11.83
12.25
12.67
7.89
8.28
8.54
8.88
9.04
9.18
9.50
9.80
10.07
10.09
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
1
2008 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
80
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
current dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$5.65
$5.79
$4.89
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
6.23
6.71
6.98
7.07
7.26
7.58
7.78
7.93
8.06
8.28
8.27
8.59
8.67
8.86
9.00
9.23
9.52
9.83
10 06
10.06
10.31
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
13.46
13.76
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
2008 1 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
$4.79
5.18
5.81
5.97
5.96
6.16
6.15
6.57
6.74
6.94
7.07
-
8.55
8.82
8.89
9.07
9.21
9.62
9.79
9.96
10 18
10.18
10.61
7.37
7.57
7.62
7.67
7.92
8.16
8.18
8.67
9 09
9.09
9.77
-
6.74
6.88
6.99
7.12
7.17
7.26
7.62
7.90
8 24
8.24
8.61
10.95
11.61
11.86
12.03
12.16
12.47
12.88
13.22
13.85
13.95
9.98
10.18
10.24
10.81
10.88
10.90
11.42
11.57
11.99
12.27
$10.79
11.84
11.02
11.89
11.90
12.75
13.18
13.22
14.03
14.01
9.04
9.67
9.92
10.03
10.02
10.19
10.84
11.07
11.83
11.92
See footnote at end of table.
81
5.03
5.37
5.73
5.81
6.04
6.07
6.19
6.37
6.51
6.66
Table 20. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
current dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
64.1
62.5
72.6
-
71.8
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
63.6
63.8
66.0
68.0
68.6
67.8
68.8
70.9
72.7
74.0
74.9
72.1
75.2
79.2
79.1
82.0
78.7
80.1
80.8
83.2
-
75.1
76.4
75.6
76.1
77.0
79.4
80.8
80.2
81.1
83.0
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
75.6
76.6
78.6
78.9
79.7
78.4
79.6
80.3
81.8
82.3
84.5
86.5
87.1
89.6
87.5
87.3
88.0
87.5
86.9
83.2
-
86.1
86.9
88.3
88.6
89.3
90.9
88.8
86.3
87.6
86.6
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
85.4
85.5
83.0
83.8
83.8
84.0
84.0
84.2
83.6
83.7
84.5
84.8
88.8
89.9
92.3
91.7
91.3
91.1
88.5
90.3
89.9
89.7
90.5
85.1
91.7
89.8
88.8
91.3
90.7
89.5
87.3
90.4
87.3
85.6
86.1
88.5
90.2
90.1
87.6
88.5
85.1
84.6
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN'S EARNINGS
AS PERCENT OF MEN'S
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
2008 1 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian)
include persons who selected that race group only; persons who selected more than one race group are
not included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more than one race were included in the group they
identified as the main race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Asian data for 2000–2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate
category. Data for Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash indicates data not available.
82
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
BOTH SEXES
1979……………………………………
$12.23
$12.42
$11.32
-
$11.24
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
11.93
11.65
11.51
11.43
11.45
11.46
11.57
11.68
11.72
11.67
12.08
11.72
11.66
11.57
11.59
11.60
11.72
11.84
11.86
11.82
10.99
11.09
10.79
10.53
10.53
10.46
10.82
10.81
10.71
10.73
-
10.99
10.88
10.68
10.41
10.35
10.40
10.54
10.51
10.37
10.13
11.49
11.52
11.56
11.51
11.46
11.41
11.43
11.65
11 96
11.96
12.27
11.65
11.69
11.71
11.65
11.60
11.62
11.66
11.82
12.12
12 12
12.54
10.83
10.75
10.57
10.50
10.43
10.70
10.56
10.67
11.02
11 02
11.39
-
9.98
9.92
9.96
9.99
9.91
9.78
9.76
9.84
10 41
10.41
10.39
12.34
12.34
12.48
12.65
12.49
12.30
12.51
12.36
12.18
12.44
12.40
12.42
12.77
12.79
12.63
12.62
12.62
12.49
12.49
12.66
11.63
11.84
11.84
11.83
11.57
11.18
11.34
11.26
11.16
11.64
$12.54
13.01
12.35
12.96
12.60
13.20
13.33
12.64
12.96
13.16
10.64
10.97
10.99
11.38
11.14
10.93
10.77
10.59
10.93
11.04
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
2008 1 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
83
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
1979……………………………………
$9.97
$9.97
$9.78
-
$9.48
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
1
1986 ……………………………………
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
9.78
9.68
9.83
9.82
9.76
9.75
9.94
10.11
10.17
10.20
9.80
9.68
9.83
9.84
9.78
9.77
9.98
10.14
10.21
10.23
9.60
9.48
9.57
9.65
9.57
9.58
9.65
9.75
9.77
9.82
-
9.36
9.28
9.23
9.04
9.14
9.16
9.33
9.22
9.20
9.23
10.24
10.37
10.42
10.41
10.37
10.42
10.52
10.57
10.81
11.12
10.27
10.38
10.46
10.47
10.50
10.53
10.60
10.65
10.95
11.24
9.90
10.06
9.94
10.04
9.91
9.94
9.80
10.11
10.38
10.46
-
9.22
9.19
9.24
9.23
9.16
9.22
9.21
9.08
9.49
9.60
11.28
11.67
11.79
11.75
11.54
11.33
11.33
11.35
11.44
11.76
11.32
11.78
11.85
11.78
11.59
11.54
11.46
11.44
11.65
11.83
11.03
11.08
11.26
11.55
11.27
10.91
10.76
10.81
10.74
11.01
$12.17
12.19
12.04
12.45
12.00
12.79
12.71
12.23
12.20
12.67
9.83
10.02
10.18
10.35
10.26
10.09
10.11
10.13
10.03
10.09
Year and sex
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
WOMEN
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1
1997 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
1
2003 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
1
2008 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
See footnote at end of table.
84
Table 21. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, in
constant (2009) dollars, by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
Year and sex
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
MEN
$13.20
12.82
13.14
12.73
12.19
12.10
11.69
12.26
12.17
12.09
11.80
-
13.59
13.55
13.31
13.26
13.18
13.44
13.32
13.26
13 38
13.38
13.66
11.72
11.63
11.41
11.21
11.33
11.40
11.13
11.54
11 94
11.94
12.57
-
10.72
10.57
10.46
10.41
10.26
10.14
10.37
10.52
10 83
10.83
11.08
13.64
14.06
14.14
14.02
13.80
13.70
13.70
13.67
13.79
13.95
12.43
12.32
12.21
12.60
12.35
11.98
12.15
11.96
11.94
12.27
$13.44
14.33
13.13
13.86
13.51
14.01
14.02
13.67
13.97
14.01
11.26
11.71
11.82
11.69
11.37
11.20
11.53
11.45
11.78
11.92
1979……………………………………
$15.56
$15.95
$13.47
1980……………………………………
1981……………………………………
1982……………………………………
1983……………………………………
1984……………………………………
1985……………………………………
19861 ……………………………….....
1987……………………………………
1988……………………………………
1989……………………………………
15.10
14.86
14.61
14.15
13.99
13.94
14.16
14.03
13.78
13.52
15.42
15.18
14.88
14.46
14.26
14.41
14.51
14.31
14.04
13.82
13.15
13.20
12.98
12.95
12.88
12.89
12.95
13.09
13 22
13.22
13.27
13.46
13.70
13.87
13.86
13.64
13.36
13.49
13.39
13.41
13.76
1
1990 ……………………………………
1991……………………………………
1992……………………………………
1993……………………………………
1
1994 ……………………………………
1995……………………………………
1996……………………………………
1997 1 ……………………………………
1
1998 ……………………………………
1
1999 ……………………………………
1
2000 ……………………………………
2001……………………………………
2002……………………………………
2003 1 ……………………………………
2004 ……………………………………
2005 ……………………………………
2006 ……………………………………
2007 ……………………………………
2008 1 ……………………………………
2009 ……………………………………
1
12.45
12.15
12.22
11.88
11.87
11.54
11.55
11.50
11.34
11.12
The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical
Comparability section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_
methods.pdf.
NOTE: As of 2003, estimates for the race groups listed (White, Black or African American, and Asian)
include persons who selected that race group only; persons who selected more than one race group are
not included. Prior to 2003, persons who reported more than one race were included in the group they
identified as the main race. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
Asian data for 2000–2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate
category. Data for Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. Dash indicates data not available. The Consumer
Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant
dollars. (See Technical Note.)
85
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage, by sex, 1979–2009 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
BOTH SEXES
87,529
51,721
59.1
2,916
3,997
6,912
13.4
1980…………………………… 87,644
1981…………………………… 88,516
1982…………………………… 87,368
1983…………………………… 88,290
1984…………………………… 92,194
1985…………………………… 94,521
96,903
19861 …………………………
1987…………………………… 99,303
1988…………………………… 101,407
1989…………………………… 103,480
51,335
51,869
50,846
51,820
54,143
55,762
57,529
59,552
60,878
62,389
58.6
58.6
58.2
58.7
58.7
59.0
59.4
60.0
60.0
60.3
3,087
3,513
2,348
2,077
1,838
1,639
1,599
1,468
1,319
1,372
4,686
4,311
4,148
4,261
4,125
3,899
3,461
3,229
2,608
1,790
7,773
7,824
6,496
6,338
5,963
5,538
5,060
4,698
3,927
3,162
15.1
15.1
12.8
12.2
11.0
9.9
8.8
7.9
6.5
5.1
104,876
103,723
104,668
106 101
106,101
107,989
110,038
111,960
114,533
116,730
118,963
63,172
62,627
63,610
64,274
64 274
66,549
68,354
69,255
70,735
71,440
72,306
60.2
60.4
60.8
60.6
60 6
61.6
62.1
61.9
61.8
61.2
60.8
2
2,132
2
2,377
1,939
1,707
1 707
1,995
1,699
2
1,863
2
2,990
2,834
2,194
1,096
2,906
2,982
2,625
2 625
2,132
1,956
2
1,861
2
1,764
1,593
1,146
3,228
5,283
4,921
4,332
4 332
4,128
3,656
2
3,724
2
4,754
4,427
3,340
5.1
8.4
7.7
6.7
67
6.2
5.3
2
5.4
2
6.7
6.2
4.6
122,089
122,229
121,826
122,358
123,554
125,889
128,237
129,767
129,377
124,490
73,496
73,392
72,508
72,946
73,939
75,609
76,514
75,873
75,305
72,611
60.2
60.0
59.5
59.6
59.8
60.1
59.7
58.5
58.2
58.3
1,752
1,518
1,579
1,555
1,483
1,403
1,283
2
1,462
2
1,940
2
2,592
898
656
567
545
520
479
409
2
267
2
286
2 980
2,650
2,174
2,146
2,100
2,003
1,882
1,692
2
1,729
2
2,226
2 3,572
3.6
3.0
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.2
2
2.3
2
3.0
2
4.9
1979……………………………
1
1990 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
1
1997 …………………………
1
1998 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
1
2003 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
1
2008 …………………………
2009 …………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
86
2
2
2
2
2
2
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage, by sex, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
WOMEN
1979……………………………
38,129
23,329
61.2
2,070
2,644
4,714
20.2
1980……………………………
1981……………………………
1982……………………………
1983……………………………
1984……………………………
1985……………………………
19861 …………………………
1987……………………………
1988……………………………
1989……………………………
38,944
39,672
39,777
40,433
42,172
43,506
44,961
46,365
47,495
48,691
23,626
24,294
24,365
24,989
26,003
26,869
27,863
29,078
29,820
30,702
60.7
61.2
61.3
61.8
61.7
61.8
62.0
62.7
62.8
63.1
2,104
2,394
1,651
1,492
1,348
1,198
1,192
1,105
1,008
994
2,990
2,778
2,561
2,603
2,499
2,356
2,125
1,946
1,542
1,056
5,095
5,172
4,212
4,095
3,847
3,554
3,317
3,051
2,550
2,050
21.6
21.3
17.3
16.4
14.8
13.2
11.9
10.5
8.6
6.7
19901 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
19971 …………………………
19981 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
49,323
49,105
49,842
50 626
50,626
51,419
52,369
53,488
54,708
55,757
57,050
31,069
30,988
31,454
31,937
31 937
33,021
33,934
34,418
35,214
35,680
36,233
63.0
63.1
63.1
63.1
63 1
64.2
64.8
64.3
64.4
64.0
63.5
58,427
58,582
58,555
59,122
59,408
60,423
61,426
62,299
62,532
60,951
36,777
36,848
36,508
37,093
37,133
37,957
38,321
38,082
37,972
37,426
62.9
62.9
62.3
62.7
62.5
62.8
62.4
61.1
60.7
61.4
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
1
2003 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
1
2008 …………………………
2009 …………………………
See footnotes at end of table.
87
2
1,420
2
2
1,582
1,286
1,133
1 133
1,322
1,157
2
1,244
2
1,843
1,794
1,426
711
1,792
1,751
1,534
1 534
1,241
1,161
2
1,106
2
1,092
965
700
2
2,131
2
1,170
1,021
997
1,062
1,013
944
861
2
1,002
2
1,302
2
1,603
579
409
350
332
310
290
263
2
181
2
196
2
612
1,749
1,430
1,347
1,394
1,323
1,234
1,124
2
1,183
2
1,498
2 2,215
2
3,374
3,036
2,667
2 667
2,563
2,318
2
2,350
2
2,935
2,760
2,126
2
2
6.9
10.9
9.7
8.4
84
7.8
6.8
2
6.8
2
8.3
7.7
5.9
4.8
3.9
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.3
2.9
2
3.1
2
3.9
2
5.9
Table 22. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the
prevailing Federal minimum wage, by sex, 1979–2009 annual averages—Continued
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers paid hourly rates
Year and sex
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Percent
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below
prevailing Federal
minimum wage
Number
Percent of
workers
paid hourly
rates
MEN
1979……………………………
49,400
28,392
57.5
846
1,353
2,199
7.7
1980……………………………
1981……………………………
1982……………………………
1983……………………………
1984……………………………
1985……………………………
1
1986 …………………………
1987……………………………
1988……………………………
1989……………………………
48,700
48,844
47,591
47,856
50,022
51,015
51,942
52,938
53,912
54,789
27,709
27,576
26,481
26,831
28,140
28,893
29,666
30,474
31,058
31,687
56.9
56.5
55.6
56.1
56.3
56.6
57.1
57.6
57.6
57.8
983
1,119
697
585
490
440
408
364
311
379
1,696
1,533
1,587
1,658
1,626
1,544
1,336
1,283
1,066
733
2,678
2,652
2,284
2,243
2,116
1,984
1,743
1,647
1,377
1,112
9.7
9.6
8.6
8.4
7.5
6.9
5.9
5.4
4.4
3.5
55,553
54,618
54,826
55 475
55,475
56,570
57,669
58,473
59,825
60,973
61,914
32,104
31,639
32,155
32,337
32 337
33,528
34,420
34,838
35,521
35,761
36,073
57.8
57.9
58.6
58.3
58 3
59.3
59.7
59.6
59.4
58.7
58.3
712
795
653
573
674
542
2
619
2
1,147
1,039
768
63,662
63,647
63,272
63,236
64,145
65,466
66,811
67,468
66,846
63,539
36,720
36,544
36,000
35,853
36,806
37,652
38,193
37,790
37,334
35,185
57.7
57.4
56.9
56.7
57.4
57.5
57.2
56.0
55.9
55.4
582
497
582
493
470
459
422
2
460
2
638
2 990
1
1990 …………………………
1991……………………………
1992……………………………
1993
1993……………………………
1
1994 …………………………
1995……………………………
1996……………………………
1
1997 …………………………
1
1998 …………………………
1
1999 …………………………
1
2000 …………………………
2001……………………………
2002……………………………
20031 …………………………
2004 …………………………
2005 …………………………
2006 …………………………
2007 …………………………
20081 …………………………
2009 …………………………
2
2
2
2
385
1,114
1,231
1,091
1 091
891
796
2
755
2
673
628
446
2
2
1,097
1,909
1,885
1,664
1 664
1,565
1,338
2
1,374
2
1,820
1,667
1,214
2
3.4
2
319
247
217
213
210
189
146
2
86
2
90
2 368
901
744
799
706
680
648
568
2
546
2
728
2
1,358
2.5
2.0
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.5
2
1.4
2
1.9
2 3.9
6.0
5.9
5.1
51
4.7
3.9
2
3.9
2
5.1
4.7
3.4
1 The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and
conceptual changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS). For an explanation, see the Historical Comparability
section of the Household Data technical documentation provided at www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
2 Data for 1990–91, 1996–97, and 2007–09 reflect changes in the minimum wage that took place in those years.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $2.90 in 1979, $3.10 in 1980, and $3.35 in 1981–89. The
minimum wage rose to $3.80 in April 1990, to $4.25 in April 1991, to $4.75 in October 1996, to $5.15 in September
1997, to $5.85 in July 2007, to $6.55 in July 2008, and to $7.25 in July 2009. (See Technical Note for more
information about minimum-wage workers.)
88
Technical Note
T
he estimates in this report were obtained from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), which provides a wide range of
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment.
The survey is conducted monthly for the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau, using a national sample of about 60,000 households, with coverage in all 50 States and
the District of Columbia. The earnings data are collected from
one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample.
Material in this report is in the public domain and may be used
without permission. This information is available to sensoryimpaired individuals upon request. Voice telephone: (202) 691–
5200; Federal Relay Service: 1–800–877–8339.
Concepts and definitions
The principal concepts and definitions used in connection with the
earnings data in this report are described next.
Usual weekly earnings. Data are collected on wages and salaries
before taxes and other deductions, and include any overtime pay,
commissions, and tips usually received (at the principal job in
the case of multiple jobholders). All self-employed workers are
excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with
unincorporated businesses. Prior to 1994, respondents were asked
how much they usually earned per week. Since January 1994, respondents have been asked to identify the easiest way for them to
report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, or other) and how much they usually earn in the
period reported. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly
are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term “usual” is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition
of “usual,” interviewers are instructed to define the term as “more
than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.”
Medians (and other quantiles) of weekly earnings. Most of the
earnings estimates shown in this report are medians. The median
(or upper limit of the second quartile) is the amount that divides
a given earnings distribution into two equal groups, one having
earnings above the median and the other having earnings below
the median. Ten percent of workers in a given distribution have
earnings below the upper limit of the first decile (90 percent have
higher earnings), 25 percent have earnings below the upper limit
of the first quartile (75 percent have higher earnings), 75 percent
have earnings below the upper limit of the third quartile (25 percent have higher earnings), and 90 percent have earnings below
the upper limit of the ninth decile (10 percent have higher earnings).
The BLS estimating procedure for determining the median of
an earnings distribution places each reported or calculated weekly
earnings value into a $50-wide interval that is centered around a
multiple of $50. The median is estimated through the linear interpolation of the interval in which the median lies.
Over-the-year changes in the medians (and other quantile
boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be consistent with the movements estimated for the overall quantile
boundary. The most common reasons for this possible anomaly
are as follows:
•
There could be a change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For example, the medians of both 16- to 24-yearolds and those 25 years and older may rise, but if the lower
earning 16-to-24 age group accounts for a greatly increased
share of the total, the overall median could actually fall.
•
There could be a large change in the shape of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a quantile
boundary. This change could be caused by survey observations that are clustered at rounded values—for example,
$300, $400, or $500. An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered interval containing such a cluster, or “spike,” tends to
change more slowly than one in other intervals. Consider,
for example, the calculation of the median for a multipeaked distribution that shifts over time. As such a distribution shifts, the median does not necessarily move at the
same rate. Specifically, the median takes relatively more
time to move through a frequently reported earnings interval, but once above the upper limit of such an interval, it
can move relatively quickly to the next frequently reported
interval. BLS procedures for estimating medians (and other
quantile boundaries) mitigate such irregular movements of
the measures; however, users should be cautious of these
effects when evaluating short-term changes in the medians
and in ratios of the medians.
Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant dollars. BLS has made numerous improvements
to the Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the years. Although
these improvements make the CPI more accurate, the official
histories of price index series are not adjusted to reflect the improvements. Because many researchers need a historical series
that measures price change consistently over time, BLS developed the CPI-U-RS to provide an estimate of the CPI that incorporates most of the methodological improvements made since
1978 into the entire series. (For further information, see Kenneth
J. Stewart and Stephen B. Reed, “CPI research series using current methods, 1978–98,” Monthly Labor Review, June 1999, on
the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/1999/06/art4full.pdf;
and “Questions and Answers: Consumer Price Index Research Series Using Current Methods,” on the Internet at
http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpirsdc.htm.)
This report uses the most recent version of the CPI-U-RS
available at the time of production. Users should note, however,
that the CPI-U-RS is subject to periodic revision. As a result, the
rate of inflation incorporated into the constant-dollar earnings estimates in this report may differ from that in previous reports in
this series or in other publications.
Wage and salary workers. These are workers who receive wages,
salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The
group includes employees in both the private and public sectors
but, for purposes of the earnings series, excludes all self-employed
persons, both those with incorporated businesses and those with
unincorporated businesses.
89
have established minimum-wage standards that exceed the Federal level.
The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violations of the Fair
Labor Standards Act, because there are a number of exemptions
to the minimum-wage provisions of the law. In addition, some
workers might have rounded their hourly earnings in response to
survey questions. As a result, some might have reported hourly
earnings below the minimum wage when, in fact, they earned the
minimum wage or higher.
Full-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of
earnings, workers who usually work 35 hours or more per week at
their sole or principal job are defined as working full time.
Part-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of
earnings, workers who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week
at their sole or principal job are defined as working part time.
Workers paid by the hour. Historically, workers paid an hourly wage
have made up approximately three-fifths of all wage and salary workers. Workers paid by the hour are included in the full- and part-time
worker tables in this report, along with salaried workers and other
workers not paid by the hour. Data for workers paid at hourly rates are
presented separately in tables 9 to 11 and 18 to 22.
Reliability
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Whenever a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the “true” population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies with the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of
the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because
of sampling error. BLS analyses generally are conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence. Estimates of earnings and their
standard errors can be used to construct approximate confidence
intervals, or ranges of values, that include the true population value with known probabilities.
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. This
kind of error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information on all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in
data collection or processing.
For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and
for information on estimating standard errors, see the “Reliability of
the estimates” section of Household Data technical documentation
on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_methods.pdf.
Workers paid at or below the Federal minimum wage. The estimates of the numbers of workers with reported earnings at or
below the Federal minimum wage in tables 11 and 22 pertain
only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and
other workers who are not paid by the hour are not included, even
though some have earnings that, if converted to hourly rates,
would be at or below the minimum wage. Consequently, the estimates presented in this report likely understate the actual number
of workers with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage.
Research has shown, however, that the degree of understatement
is small. BLS does not routinely estimate the hourly earnings of
workers not paid by the hour because of data quality concerns associated with such an estimation process.
The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $2.90, effective
January 1, 1979; $3.10, effective January 1, 1980; $3.35, effective
January 1, 1981; $3.80, effective April 1, 1990; $4.25, effective
April 1, 1991; $4.75, effective October 1, 1996; $5.15, effective
September 1, 1997; $5.85, effective July 24, 2007; $6.55, effective July 24, 2008; and $7.25, effective July 24, 2009. Data for
1990–91, 1996–97, and 2007–09 reflect changes in the minimum
wage that took place during those years. Note that some States
90