U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
D E C E M B E R
2 0 1 4 R E P O R T
1 0 5 1
Highlights of women’s earnings
in 2013
note that the comparisons of earnings in this report are
on a broad level and do not control for many factors that
can be significant in explaining earnings differences.
See the accompanying technical notes section for more
information, including a description of the source of the
data and an explanation of the concepts and definitions
used in this report.
Earnings of full-time workers
Below are data highlights for women and men who work
full time, with sections focusing on characteristics such as
age, race and ethnicity, education, occupation, and more.
Age
I
n 2013, women who were full-time wage and salary
workers had median usual weekly earnings of $706. On
average in 2013, women made 82 percent of the median
weekly earnings of male full-time wage and salary workers
($860). In 1979, the first year for which comparable
earnings data are available, women earned 62 percent of
what men earned. (See chart 1 and tables 1 and 12.)
This report presents earnings data from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), a national monthly survey of
approximately 60,000 households conducted by the U.S.
Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS). Information on earnings is collected from onefourth of the CPS sample each month. It is important to
Median weekly earnings were highest for women age 35 to
64 in 2013, with little difference in the earnings of 35- to
44-year-olds ($767), 45- to 54-year-olds ($761), and 55- to
64-year-olds ($779). Among men, workers who were age
CONTENTS
Earnings of full-time workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Race and ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Occupation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Earnings among parents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
State of residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Weekly work hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Earnings of part-time workers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Earnings of workers paid by the hour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Statistical Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Technical Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov1 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Chart 1
Women's earnings as a percentage of men's, for full-time wage and salary workers,
1979–2013 annual averages
In percent
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
Note:
are calculated
from annual
of median usual
weeklyusual
earnings
for full-time
wage and salary workers.
Note:Percentages
Percentages
are calculated
from averages
annual averages
of median
weekly
earnings
for full-time
wageofand
salary
workers.
Source:
U.S. Bureau
Labor
Statistics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
45 to 64 had the highest earnings, with 45- to 54-yearolds ($994) making about the same as 55- to 64-year-olds
($1,011). Young women and men age 16 to 24 had the
lowest earnings ($423 and $479, respectively). (See table 1.)
Among the four age groupings of those 35 years and older,
women’s earnings ranged from 74 percent to 80 percent of
the earnings of their male counterparts. In the younger age
groups, the earnings differences between women and men
were smaller, with women earning 89 to 90 percent of what
men earned. (See table 1.)
Between 1979 and 2013, women’s-to-men’s earnings ratios
rose for most age groups. Among 25- to 34-year-olds, for
example, the ratio increased from 68 percent in 1979 to
89 percent in 2013, while the ratio for 45- to 54-year-olds
increased from 57 percent to 77 percent. (See table 12.)
Race and ethnicity
Asian women and men earned more than their White,
Black, and Hispanic or Latino counterparts in 2013.
2
Among women, Whites ($722) earned 88 percent as
much as Asian women ($819), while Blacks ($606)
and Hispanics ($541) earned 74 percent and 66 percent
as much as their Asian counterparts, respectively. In
comparison, White men ($884) earned 83 percent as
much as Asian men ($1,059); Black men ($664) earned 63
percent as much; and Hispanic men ($594), 56 percent.
(See chart 2 and table 1.)
Earnings differences between women and men were
the most pronounced for Asians and for Whites. Asian
women earned 77 percent as much as Asian men in 2013,
and White women earned 82 percent as much as their
male counterparts. In comparison, Black and Hispanic
women had median earnings that were 91 percent of those
of their male counterparts. (See table 1.)
When adjusted for inflation, women’s earnings since 1979
have increased considerably across the major race and
Hispanic ethnicity categories. Earnings growth has been
greatest for White women, outpacing that of their Black
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Chart 2
Median usual weekly earnings of women and men who are full-time wage and salary
workers, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2013 annual averages
Earnings (dollars)
$1,200
Women
$1,000
$884
$860
$800
$706
Men
$1,059
$819
$722
$606
$600
$664
$541
$594
$400
$200
$0
Total
White
Black or African
American
Asian
Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity
Note:
of Hispanic
or Latino
ethnicity
may bemay
of any
Estimates
the race groups
Note:People
People
of Hispanic
or Latino
ethnicity
berace.
of any
race. for
Estimates
for theshown
race
(White,
or African
American,
Asian) American,
include Hispanics.
groupsBlack
shown
(White,
Black orand
African
and Asian) include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
and Hispanic counterparts. Between 1979 and 2013,
inflation-adjusted earnings (also called constant-dollar
earnings) rose by 31 percent for White women, compared
with an increase of 20 percent for Black women and
15 percent for Hispanic women. In contrast, inflationadjusted earnings for White and Black men declined
slightly (1 percent and 2 percent, respectively) from 1979
to 2013, and Hispanic men’s earnings fell by 9 percent.
(See table 18.) Asians were not included in this analysis
because comparable data for the group are not available
until 2003. (See note in table 18.)
Education
Median weekly earnings vary significantly by level of
educational attainment. Among all workers age 25 and
older, the weekly earnings of those without a high school
diploma ($472) were two-fifths of those with a bachelor’s
degree or higher ($1,194) in 2013. For workers with a
high school diploma who had not attended college ($651),
median earnings were a little more than half of those
with a bachelor’s degree or higher. Earnings for those
with some college or an associate’s degree ($748) were
just under two-thirds of what workers with a bachelor’s
degree or more made. (See table 1.)
At each level of education, women have fared better than
men with respect to earnings growth. Although both
women and men without a high school diploma have
experienced declines in inflation-adjusted earnings since
1979, the drop for women was much smaller than that
for men: a 12-percent decrease for women as opposed to
a 34-percent decline for men. On an inflation-adjusted
basis, earnings for women with a bachelor’s degree or
higher have increased by 32 percent since 1979, while
those of their male counterparts have risen by 18 percent.
(Data pertain to workers age 25 and older.) (See chart 3
and table 19.)
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov3 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Chart 3
Percentage change in inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings of women and men,
by educational attainment, 1979–2013
Women
Men
-12
Less than a high school diploma
-34
3
High school graduates, no college
-21
4
Some college or associate degree
-13
32
Bachelor's degree and higher
18
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Percentage change
Note:
Data
relate
to earnings
of full-time
wage
andworkers,
salary 25
workers,
25older.
years and older.
Note: Data
relate
to earnings
of full-time
wage and
salary
years and
Source: U.S.
Bureau
of Labor
Statistics.
Source:
U.S.
Bureau
of Labor
Statistics.
Occupation
Among both women and men, median weekly earnings
for those working full time in management, business,
and financial operations jobs were higher than in any
other major occupational category in 2013 ($1,049 for
women and $1,412 for men). Of women in management,
business, and financial operations occupations,
those who were chief executives and computer and
information systems managers had the highest median
weekly earnings ($1,811 and $1,549, respectively).
Among men in this job group, chief executives and
architectural and engineering managers had the highest
earnings ($2,266 and $1,898, respectively). The second
highest paying major occupational category for women
and men was professional and related occupations
($944 for women and $1,295 for men). Among women
in professional and related occupations, those who
were pharmacists ($1,802) and lawyers ($1,566) had the
highest earnings. For men in professional and related
4
occupations, those who were pharmacists ($2,092),
physicians and surgeons ($2,087), and lawyers ($1,986)
earned the most. (See table 2.)
The occupational distributions of female and male fulltime workers differ considerably. Compared with men,
relatively few women work in construction, production,
or transportation occupations, and women are far more
concentrated in office and administrative support jobs.
(See table 2.)
Women are more likely than men to work in professional
and related occupations. In 2013, 29 percent of women
worked in professional and related occupations, compared
with 19 percent of men. Within this occupational
category, though, the proportion of women employed in
the higher paying job groups is much smaller than the
proportion of men employed in them. In 2013, 9 percent
of women in professional and related occupations were
employed in the relatively high-paying computer and
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Chart 4
Distribution of full-time wage and salary employment for women and men, by major
occupational group, 2013 annual averages
Percentage of total employment
35
Women
Men
29.4
30
25
20
21.6
17.2
19.1
19.1
17.1
16.1
15.9
15
13.1
8.7 9.3
10
6.5
6.1
5
0.9
0
Management,
business, and
financial
operations
occupations
Professional and
related
occupations
Service
occupations
Sales and related
occupations
Natural resources, Production,
Office and
administrative construction, and transportation,
and material
maintenance
support
moving
occupations
occupations
occupations
Source:U.S.
U.S.
Bureau
of Labor
Statistics.
Source:
Bureau
of Labor
Statistics.
engineering fields, compared with 44 percent of men.
Women in professional and related occupations were
more likely to work in education and healthcare jobs, in
which the pay is generally lower than that for computer
and engineering jobs. Sixty-nine percent of women
in professional occupations worked in education and
healthcare jobs in 2013, compared with 30 percent of
men. (See chart 4 and table 2.)
Earnings among parents
In 2013, a little more than one-third of full-time wage
and salary workers were parents of children under age
18 (36 percent of women and 37 percent of men). Among
women, median weekly earnings for mothers of children
under age 18 ($701) were essentially the same as earnings
for women without children under 18 ($708). Among men,
earnings for fathers with children under 18 were $950,
compared with $804 for men without children under 18.
(See table 7.)
State of residence
Median weekly earnings and women’s-to-men’s earnings
ratios vary by state of residence. (In this section, “state”
refers to the 50 states and the District of Columbia.) The
differences among the states reflect, in part, variation in
the occupations and industries found in each state and
differences in the demographic composition of each state’s
labor force. In general, the sampling error for the state
estimates is considerably larger than it is for the national
estimates; thus, comparisons of state estimates should
be made with caution. In addition, it should be noted
that while earnings are shown based on workers’ state of
residence, their reported earnings may or may not be from
a job located in the same state. (See table 3.)
Weekly work hours
Among full-time workers (that is, those working at a job 35
hours or more per week), men are more likely than women
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov5 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
to have a longer workweek. Twenty-five percent of men
worked 41 or more hours per week in 2013, compared with
14 percent of women who did so. Women were more likely
than men to work 35 to 39 hours per week: 12 percent of
women worked those hours in 2013, while 5 percent of men
did. A large majority of both male and female full-time
workers had a 40-hour workweek; among these workers,
women earned 90 percent as much as men earned. (People
who usually work 35 or more hours per week but whose
hours vary were excluded from this analysis.) (See table 5.)
workers were 16 to 24 years old, compared with 29 percent
of female part-time workers. (See table 4.)
Earnings of part-time workers
Among workers who were paid hourly rates in 2013,
5 percent of women and 3 percent of men had hourly
earnings at or below the prevailing federal minimum wage
of $7.25. (See table 10.)
Women are more likely than men to work part time—that
is, less than 35 hours per week on a sole or principal job.
Women who worked part time made up 26 percent of all
female wage and salary workers in 2013. In contrast, 13
percent of men in wage and salary jobs worked part time.
(See tables 4 and 5.)
Women and men who worked part time had fairly similar
median earnings. Median weekly earnings for female parttimers were $241 in 2013, slightly above the $230 median
for their male counterparts. (See table 4.)
Men who work part time tend to be younger than women
who work part time. In 2013, 43 percent of male part-time
6
Earnings of workers paid by the hour
Sixty-two percent of women and 56 percent of men
employed in wage and salary jobs were paid by the hour
in 2013. Women who were paid hourly rates had median
hourly earnings of $12.12, which was 87 percent of the
median for men paid by the hour ($14.00). (See tables 8
and 11.)
Among both women and men, hourly paid workers age
16 to 19 were the most likely to have earnings at or below
the minimum wage. Twenty percent of teenage workers
who were paid hourly rates earned the prevailing federal
minimum wage or less in 2013, compared with just 3
percent of hourly paid workers age 25 and older. Eight
percent of workers age 20 to 24 had earnings at or below
the minimum wage. (See table 10.) See the technical notes
section for information about estimating the number of
minimum wage workers.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Statistical Tables
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov7 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by selected characteristics, 2013
annual averages
Total
Characteristic
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Age
Total, 16 years and older..................... . 104,262
16 to 24 years............................... .
9,247
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,084
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,164
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,015
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,081
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,303
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,100
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,066
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,465
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
$776
454
373
472
827
708
874
883
904
801
$2
4
5
4
2
4
5
4
5
16
46,268
4,041
453
3,587
42,228
10,891
10,480
11,391
7,967
1,498
$706
423
350
442
740
665
767
761
779
691
$3
3
7
5
2
4
5
5
7
13
57,994
5,207
630
4,577
52,787
14,190
13,823
13,708
9,100
1,966
$860
479
390
492
912
744
956
994
1,011
937
$3
4
6
4
3
5
7
7
9
19
82.1
88.3
89.7
89.8
81.1
89.4
80.2
76.6
77.1
73.7
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White............................................ .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82,672
12,439
6,073
16,859
802
629
942
578
3
4
11
4
35,619
6,588
2,698
6,534
722
606
819
541
3
4
17
7
47,053
5,851
3,376
10,325
884
664
1,059
594
3
7
21
4
81.7
91.3
77.3
91.1
Marital Status
Never married.................................. .
Married, spouse present...................... .
Other marital status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Divorced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Separated.................................... .
Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28,410
58,610
17,242
11,568
4,092
1,582
613
894
740
779
637
696
2
3
4
6
10
12
12,594
23,915
9,760
6,548
2,031
1,181
597
768
692
730
596
671
3
3
6
6
8
16
15,817
34,695
7,483
5,020
2,061
401
627
985
814
870
701
774
4
5
8
10
12
40
95.2
78.0
85.0
83.9
85.0
86.7
Union Affiliation1
Members of unions2........................... .
Represented by unions3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not represented by a union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13,020
14,341
89,921
950
944
750
5
5
2
5,612
6,248
40,020
898
893
676
7
7
3
7,409
8,093
49,902
991
985
831
7
7
4
90.6
90.7
81.3
Educational Attainment
Total, 25 years and older..................... .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
95,015
6,956
25,043
26,034
36,982
827
472
651
748
1,194
2
4
3
3
7
42,228
2,133
10,115
12,346
17,633
740
400
573
657
1,043
2
4
3
4
5
52,787
4,822
14,928
13,688
19,349
912
500
732
858
1,395
3
3
4
6
8
81.1
80.0
78.3
76.6
74.8
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety of factors in addition to coverage by a collective
bargaining agreement, including the distribution of workers by occupation, industry, and geographic region.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3
Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association
contract.
Note: Estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all
race groups. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
8
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Total, full-time wage and salary workers. . . . 104,262
Management, professional, and related
occupations.................................. .
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management occupations............... .
Chief executives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and operations managers. . .
Legislators.............................. .
Advertising and promotions
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marketing and sales managers. . . . . . .
Public relations and fundraising
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative services managers. . .
Computer and information systems
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compensation and benefits
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Human resources managers. . . . . . . . . .
Training and development
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial production managers. . . . . . .
Purchasing managers................. .
Transportation, storage, and
distribution managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Farmers, ranchers, and other
agricultural managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education administrators. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architectural and engineering
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food service managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Funeral service managers. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gaming managers..................... .
Lodging managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and health services
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural sciences managers. . . . . . . . . . .
Postmasters and mail
superintendents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property, real estate, and
community association
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social and community service
managers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency management directors. . .
Managers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business and financial operations
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agents and business managers of
artists, performers, and athletes. . .
Buyers and purchasing agents, farm
products.............................. .
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
$776
$2
46,268
$706
$3
57,994
$860
$3
82.1
41,820
1,132
4
21,530
973
4
20,290
1,349
6
72.1
17,137
11,501
1,051
947
10
1,208
1,285
2,069
1,370
–
10
16
72
32
–
7,937
4,737
286
250
4
1,049
1,103
1,811
1,161
–
8
16
107
43
–
9,200
6,764
764
698
6
1,412
1,456
2,266
1,444
–
12
12
98
33
–
74.3
75.8
79.9
80.4
–
53
829
1,526
1,389
590
41
35
353
–
1,124
–
39
18
476
–
1,658
–
34
–
67.8
51
109
1,159
1,198
27
76
29
38
–
–
–
–
21
71
–
1,232
–
70
–
–
570
1,127
1,728
1,236
51
22
163
613
1,549
1,064
54
24
407
514
1,769
1,518
98
43
87.6
70.1
11
211
–
1,327
–
169
8
152
–
1,240
–
49
3
60
–
1,536
–
67
–
80.7
33
256
181
–
1,338
1,358
–
39
52
17
41
89
–
–
1,290
–
–
63
16
215
92
–
1,352
1,441
–
44
22
–
–
89.5
252
1,005
26
58
920
124
194
1,029
49
89.4
97
414
698
731
1,275
1,259
37
63
23
19
38
450
–
–
1,130
–
–
33
78
376
248
716
1,328
1,543
68
54
40
–
–
73.2
117
716
4
16
98
1,894
701
–
–
901
24
19
–
–
48
13
335
3
4
53
–
620
–
–
858
–
12
–
–
152
104
381
1
12
45
1,898
801
–
–
–
25
45
–
–
–
–
77.4
–
–
–
529
12
1,258
–
30
–
375
4
1,224
–
34
–
154
8
1,412
–
91
–
86.7
–
30
–
–
17
–
–
13
–
–
–
358
862
39
198
784
30
161
1,068
100
73.4
280
9
2,431
1,042
–
1,264
50
–
22
185
3
905
1,004
–
1,105
61
–
31
94
6
1,527
1,150
–
1,399
58
–
36
87.3
–
79.0
5,636
1,091
14
3,199
979
13
2,436
1,263
21
77.5
38
–
–
18
–
–
20
–
–
–
17
–
–
5
–
–
11
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov9 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Wholesale and retail buyers, except
farm products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchasing agents, except
wholesale, retail, and farm
products.............................. .
Claims adjusters, appraisers,
examiners, and investigators. . . . . . .
Compliance officers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost estimators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Human resources workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
Compensation, benefits, and job
analysis specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Training and development
specialists............................ .
Logisticians............................. .
Management analysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meeting, convention, and event
planners.............................. .
Fundraisers............................. .
Market research analysts and
marketing specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business operations specialists, all
other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accountants and auditors. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appraisers and assessors of real
estate................................. .
Budget analysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credit analysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial analysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal financial advisors. . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance underwriters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial examiners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credit counselors and loan officers.. .
Tax examiners and collectors, and
revenue agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax preparers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial specialists, all other. . . . . . . .
Professional and related occupations. . . . .
Computer and mathematical
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and information research
scientists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems analysts.......... .
Information security analysts......... .
Computer programmers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software developers, applications
and systems software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Web developers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer support specialists. . . . . . . . .
Database administrators.............. .
Network and computer systems
administrators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer network architects. . . . . . . . .
Computer occupations, all other..... .
Actuaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mathematicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
158
899
31
88
930
49
71
871
37
106.8
263
984
28
151
912
26
112
1,116
71
81.7
300
182
102
498
931
1,124
1,050
981
32
53
52
34
195
99
13
366
838
1,081
–
958
41
58
–
22
104
83
89
131
1,144
1,170
1,071
1,139
29
94
52
50
73.3
92.4
–
84.1
72
1,033
89
59
1,010
99
14
–
–
–
109
91
547
1,079
993
1,450
68
40
35
62
33
229
979
–
1,319
277
–
101
47
58
318
–
1,045
1,614
–
154
65
95
80
930
1,124
56
89
80
58
901
1,084
119
133
15
22
–
–
–
–
–
–
190
1,139
36
110
967
39
80
1,171
57
82.6
180
1,516
1,044
1,109
28
23
110
945
899
1,029
66
24
69
571
1,226
1,268
70
55
73.3
81.2
60
58
31
89
288
98
10
360
1,142
1,389
–
1,466
1,424
1,045
–
970
91
93
–
87
105
110
–
35
27
26
19
33
72
61
6
208
–
–
–
–
1,149
879
–
864
–
–
–
–
52
57
–
33
33
31
12
56
215
37
4
152
–
–
–
1,757
1,565
–
–
1,162
–
–
–
94
56
–
–
68
–
–
–
–
73.4
–
–
74.4
62
56
87
24,683
952
767
962
1,071
25
33
50
6
43
34
49
13,594
–
–
–
944
–
–
–
5
19
22
38
11,089
–
–
–
1,295
–
–
–
14
–
–
–
72.9
3,621
1,365
14
928
1,174
20
2,693
1,452
18
80.9
15
443
53
437
–
1,367
1,460
1,372
–
32
248
36
3
158
10
106
–
1,216
–
1,162
–
75
–
58
12
285
43
332
–
1,455
–
1,428
–
33
–
51
–
83.6
–
81.4
1,053
137
474
95
1,643
1,060
980
1,345
26
97
28
71
209
53
134
30
1,370
937
901
–
40
153
74
–
844
84
340
65
1,737
1,157
1,019
1,563
18
59
37
160
78.9
81.0
88.4
–
210
131
359
25
2
1,237
1,630
1,149
–
–
34
93
31
–
–
37
9
81
9
0
–
–
1,176
–
–
–
–
52
–
–
173
122
277
17
2
1,252
1,593
1,136
–
–
34
132
42
–
–
–
–
103.5
–
–
–
–
81.7
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Operations research analysts. . . . . . . . .
Statisticians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous mathematical science
occupations...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architecture and engineering
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Architects, except naval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Surveyors, cartographers, and
photogrammetrists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aerospace engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biomedical engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civil engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer hardware engineers. . . . . . .
Electrical and electronics
engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial engineers, including health
and safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marine engineers and naval
architects............................. .
Materials engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mechanical engineers................. .
Mining and geological engineers,
including mining safety
engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engineers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drafters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engineering technicians, except
drafters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Surveying and mapping
technicians........................... .
Life, physical, and social science
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural and food scientists. . . . . . .
Biological scientists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conservation scientists and
foresters.............................. .
Medical scientists...................... .
Life scientists, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Astronomers and physicists. . . . . . . . . . .
Atmospheric and space scientists. . . .
Chemists and materials scientists. . . .
Environmental scientists and
geoscientists......................... .
Physical scientists, all other.......... .
Economists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Survey researchers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Psychologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sociologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Urban and regional planners......... .
Miscellaneous social scientists and
related workers...................... .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
119
65
1,444
1,414
45
87
63
23
1,313
–
105
–
56
42
1,569
–
95
–
83.7
–
1
–
–
1
–
–
0
–
–
–
2,540
118
1,365
1,292
13
55
330
30
1,143
–
27
–
2,209
88
1,403
1,347
22
37
81.5
–
32
137
3
10
56
324
92
–
1,865
–
–
1,568
1,373
1,507
–
87
–
–
431
35
69
9
13
0
2
8
36
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22
124
3
9
48
288
82
–
1,873
–
–
–
1,417
1,544
–
72
–
–
–
53
41
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
268
28
1,522
–
49
–
21
6
–
–
–
–
247
22
1,514
–
58
–
–
–
181
1,385
71
30
–
–
151
1,417
56
–
12
43
297
–
–
1,496
–
–
94
0
7
24
–
–
–
–
–
–
12
36
273
–
–
1,554
–
–
63
–
–
–
16
4
34
371
104
–
–
–
1,528
974
–
–
–
37
53
2
0
2
48
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13
4
33
322
85
–
–
–
1,561
991
–
–
–
37
30
–
–
–
–
–
361
1,011
24
59
934
92
302
1,027
33
90.9
48
–
–
5
–
–
43
–
–
–
1,063
30
107
1,152
–
1,157
16
–
49
456
12
53
1,030
–
1,104
32
–
109
608
19
54
1,271
–
1,233
66
–
153
81.0
–
89.5
27
131
1
13
11
109
–
1,216
–
–
–
1,182
–
160
–
–
–
87
5
73
0
1
2
42
–
1,142
–
–
–
–
–
57
–
–
–
–
23
58
1
13
9
68
–
1,430
–
–
–
1,380
–
346
–
–
–
72
–
79.9
–
–
–
–
76
132
29
1
96
4
20
1,330
1,517
–
–
1,267
–
–
201
62
–
–
153
–
–
18
44
14
1
69
3
7
–
–
–
–
1,178
–
–
–
–
–
–
97
–
–
58
88
15
0
27
2
12
1,392
1,597
–
–
–
–
–
77
58
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
40
–
–
18
–
–
22
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov11 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Agricultural and food science
technicians........................... .
Biological technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Geological and petroleum
technicians........................... .
Nuclear technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social science research assistants.. .
Miscellaneous life, physical, and
social science technicians. . . . . . . . . .
Community and social service
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counselors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Probation officers and correctional
treatment specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Social and human service
assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous community and social
service specialists, including
health educators and community
health workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clergy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directors, religious activities and
education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Religious workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . .
Legal occupations........................ .
Lawyers................................. .
Judicial law clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Judges, magistrates, and other
judicial workers...................... .
Paralegals and legal assistants. . . . . .
Miscellaneous legal support
workers............................... .
Education, training, and library
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postsecondary teachers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preschool and kindergarten
teachers.............................. .
Elementary and middle school
teachers.............................. .
Secondary school teachers. . . . . . . . . . .
Special education teachers. . . . . . . . . . .
Other teachers and instructors. . . . . . .
Archivists, curators, and museum
technicians........................... .
Librarians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Library technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teacher assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other education, training, and library
workers............................... .
Arts, design, entertainment, sports,
and media occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Artists and related workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
Designers............................... .
Actors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Producers and directors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
23
16
62
–
–
849
–
–
61
12
8
21
–
–
–
–
–
–
12
9
41
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23
1
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
1
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
18
0
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
105
761
29
47
–
–
59
911
134
–
1,913
568
636
847
885
845
14
26
23
1,158
391
507
808
884
818
12
27
15
755
178
129
930
889
978
23
63
60
86.9
99.4
83.6
105
888
53
43
–
–
62
927
46
–
102
668
43
68
641
39
34
–
–
–
83
343
756
935
38
26
64
47
740
–
32
–
19
296
–
968
–
35
–
–
41
34
1,305
710
9
–
–
1,253
1,880
–
–
–
22
36
–
21
17
707
247
6
–
–
1,010
1,566
–
–
–
23
51
–
20
17
598
463
3
–
–
1,764
1,986
–
–
–
69
103
–
–
–
57.3
78.9
–
49
337
–
846
–
31
19
287
–
825
–
29
30
50
–
923
–
50
–
89.4
199
873
44
148
787
67
51
1,013
289
77.7
6,589
893
937
1,172
6
27
4,782
424
888
1,100
7
37
1,808
469
1,091
1,338
26
36
81.4
82.2
496
638
41
484
624
31
12
–
–
–
2,669
956
337
336
954
1,031
951
905
9
20
15
39
2,138
529
271
187
937
986
944
729
10
25
17
63
531
427
65
149
1,025
1,093
977
1,055
27
38
54
55
91.4
90.2
96.6
69.1
33
149
18
571
–
919
–
479
–
31
–
11
20
121
14
501
–
905
–
475
–
36
–
13
13
28
4
70
–
–
–
501
–
–
–
25
–
–
–
94.8
131
1,031
35
91
992
34
39
–
–
–
1,510
63
514
18
104
988
1,032
961
–
1,166
17
88
18
–
113
649
25
244
10
38
884
–
866
–
–
22
–
47
–
–
861
38
270
8
66
1,118
–
1,095
–
1,331
30
–
33
–
72
79.1
–
79.1
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and
related workers...................... .
Dancers and choreographers. . . . . . . . .
Musicians, singers, and related
workers............................... .
Entertainers and performers, sports
and related workers, all other. . . . . .
Announcers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
News analysts, reporters and
correspondents...................... .
Public relations specialists. . . . . . . . . . . .
Editors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical writers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Writers and authors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous media and
communication workers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcast and sound engineering
technicians and radio operators. . .
Photographers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television, video, and motion picture
camera operators and editors. . . . . .
Media and communication
equipment workers, all other. . . . . . .
Healthcare practitioners and technical
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chiropractors........................... .
Dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dietitians and nutritionists. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optometrists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pharmacists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physicians and surgeons. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physician assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Podiatrists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audiologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Occupational therapists............... .
Physical therapists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radiation therapists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recreational therapists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Respiratory therapists................. .
Speech-language pathologists. . . . . . . .
Exercise physiologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Therapists, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Veterinarians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Registered nurses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nurse anesthetists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nurse midwives........................ .
Nurse practitioners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health diagnosing and treating
practitioners, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clinical laboratory technologists and
technicians........................... .
Dental hygienists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic related technologists and
technicians........................... .
Emergency medical technicians and
paramedics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
115
1
889
–
55
–
29
1
–
–
–
–
86
0
934
–
73
–
–
–
46
–
–
13
–
–
33
–
–
–
9
18
–
–
–
–
7
6
–
–
–
–
2
13
–
–
–
–
–
–
68
109
112
57
79
1,041
1,129
1,092
1,364
996
114
95
144
71
57
22
68
59
30
40
–
921
988
–
–
–
59
40
–
–
46
41
53
27
39
–
–
1,239
–
–
–
–
87
–
–
–
–
79.7
–
–
32
–
–
24
–
–
8
–
–
–
68
48
947
–
83
–
7
17
–
–
–
–
61
31
1,029
–
110
–
–
–
45
–
–
6
–
–
38
–
–
–
1
–
–
0
–
–
1
–
–
–
6,142
13
55
82
14
215
667
103
4
10
78
161
12
10
96
98
4
96
41
2,278
22
3
102
1,048
–
1,533
885
–
1,960
1,885
1,456
–
–
1,295
1,382
–
–
1,095
1,218
–
864
–
1,099
–
–
1,615
10
–
366
24
–
110
24
75
–
–
47
51
–
–
25
77
–
31
–
13
–
–
70
4,585
1
18
71
2
117
241
67
3
7
68
87
8
8
52
93
3
77
23
2,023
14
3
91
994
–
–
864
–
1,802
1,497
1,491
–
–
1,240
1,300
–
–
1,059
1,191
–
870
–
1,086
–
–
1,539
8
–
–
52
–
168
109
44
–
–
87
40
–
–
137
93
–
32
–
12
–
–
132
1,558
12
37
10
11
98
426
36
1
3
11
74
4
2
44
5
1
19
18
254
7
0
11
1,312
–
–
–
–
2,092
2,087
–
–
–
–
1,457
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,236
–
–
–
38
–
–
–
–
22
228
–
–
–
–
32
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
40
–
–
–
7
–
–
6
–
–
1
–
–
307
82
891
1,005
32
51
226
80
858
1,011
86
48
81
2
980
–
112
–
87.6
–
287
919
21
195
909
23
92
959
71
94.8
140
796
56
58
785
42
82
832
108
94.4
75.8
–
–
–
–
86.1
71.7
–
–
–
–
89.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
87.9
–
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov13 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Health practitioner support
technologists and technicians. . . . . .
Licensed practical and licensed
vocational nurses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical records and health
information technicians............. .
Opticians, dispensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous health technologists
and technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other healthcare practitioners and
technical occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service occupations........................... .
Healthcare support occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health
aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Occupational therapy assistants and
aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical therapist assistants and
aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Massage therapists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dental assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical transcriptionists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pharmacy aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Veterinary assistants and laboratory
animal caretakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phlebotomists............................. .
Miscellaneous healthcare support
occupations, including medical
equipment preparers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protective service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of correctional
officers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of police and
detectives............................... .
First-line supervisors of fire fighting
and prevention workers............... .
First-line supervisors of protective
service workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Firefighters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fire inspectors............................ .
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and
jailers.................................... .
Detectives and criminal investigators. . .
Fish and game wardens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parking enforcement workers. . . . . . . . . . .
Police and sheriff’s patrol officers. . . . . . .
Transit and railroad police. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Animal control workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private detectives and investigators. . . .
Security guards and gaming
surveillance officers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crossing guards...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation security screeners. . . . . .
Lifeguards and other recreational, and
all other protective service workers.. .
14
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
416
619
15
337
613
14
78
664
54
92.3
444
741
15
404
732
16
40
–
–
–
78
37
612
–
54
–
72
25
595
–
58
–
6
13
–
–
–
–
–
–
114
849
65
73
782
37
41
–
–
–
69
15,052
2,324
1,065
493
491
32
2
5
31
7,456
2,020
–
452
486
–
3
5
37
7,597
304
–
555
546
–
7
23
–
81.4
89.0
1,393
457
6
1,207
450
7
186
499
23
90.2
11
–
–
11
–
–
0
–
–
–
39
48
181
365
34
22
–
–
571
531
–
–
–
–
17
17
–
–
26
32
174
339
33
19
–
–
571
523
–
–
–
–
17
12
–
–
13
15
7
26
1
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
23
97
–
583
–
24
20
77
–
573
–
20
3
19
–
–
–
–
–
–
112
2,685
462
783
20
13
81
512
440
643
18
24
31
2,172
–
824
–
16
–
78.0
33
–
–
5
–
–
28
–
–
–
114
1,139
42
17
–
–
97
1,182
200
–
60
1,082
337
0
–
–
60
1,082
337
–
82
294
18
785
996
–
36
47
–
25
9
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
57
285
17
788
1,000
–
49
48
–
–
–
–
418
159
2
5
682
2
10
72
683
1,054
–
–
1,007
–
–
948
21
147
–
–
41
–
–
50
120
30
1
2
89
0
4
32
599
–
–
–
881
–
–
–
18
–
–
–
39
–
–
–
298
128
1
4
593
2
6
40
729
1,120
–
–
1,032
–
–
–
28
108
–
–
50
–
–
–
82.2
–
–
–
85.4
–
–
–
643
14
25
532
–
–
18
–
–
125
7
10
500
–
–
16
–
–
517
7
16
549
–
–
22
–
–
91.1
–
–
52
484
35
36
–
–
16
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Food preparation and serving related
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chefs and head cooks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of food
preparation and serving workers. . . . .
Cooks...................................... .
Food preparation workers............... .
Bartenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combined food preparation and
serving workers, including fast
food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food
concession, and coffee shop. . . . . . . . .
Waiters and waitresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food servers, nonrestaurant. . . . . . . . . . . .
Dining room and cafeteria attendants
and bartender helpers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dishwashers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant,
lounge, and coffee shop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food preparation and serving related
workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of housekeeping
and janitorial workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of landscaping,
lawn service, and groundskeeping
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Janitors and building cleaners.......... .
Maids and housekeeping cleaners. . . . .
Pest control workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grounds maintenance workers. . . . . . . . . .
Personal care and service occupations. . .
First-line supervisors of gaming
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of personal
service workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Animal trainers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonfarm animal caretakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gaming services workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture projectionists. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket
takers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous entertainment
attendants and related workers. . . . . . .
Embalmers and funeral attendants. . . . .
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral
directors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Barbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and
cosmetologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous personal appearance
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baggage porters, bellhops, and
concierges.............................. .
Tour and travel guides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
4,140
351
416
574
3
20
1,953
69
400
510
4
19
2,187
282
437
589
9
22
91.5
86.6
423
1,209
398
207
491
402
387
513
17
4
7
19
249
418
191
109
448
382
380
483
18
8
10
20
174
791
206
98
580
411
392
594
27
5
8
21
77.2
92.9
96.9
81.3
175
384
14
107
370
20
68
413
28
89.6
57
883
109
320
413
458
15
6
33
43
558
74
–
400
410
–
8
22
14
325
36
–
449
–
–
30
–
–
89.1
–
130
127
412
356
16
10
55
21
398
–
20
–
76
106
426
359
26
10
93.4
–
69
393
22
60
391
23
9
–
–
–
1
–
–
0
–
–
1
–
–
–
3,421
475
5
1,142
417
5
2,279
505
6
82.6
186
638
43
78
511
20
108
801
23
63.8
104
1,537
733
62
799
2,482
766
487
413
609
445
481
25
7
6
37
15
5
5
421
605
2
31
1,829
–
418
406
–
–
464
–
8
7
–
–
7
99
1,116
128
60
768
654
759
517
467
606
441
549
24
8
31
38
15
21
–
80.9
86.9
–
–
84.5
97
755
21
48
–
–
49
–
–
–
72
8
78
74
3
595
–
458
651
–
22
–
25
48
–
44
5
57
39
2
–
–
468
–
–
–
–
30
–
–
28
3
22
35
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9
–
–
5
–
–
4
–
–
–
74
10
419
–
48
–
37
6
–
–
–
–
37
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
60
–
389
–
57
7
9
–
–
–
–
21
51
–
369
–
31
–
–
329
488
10
308
485
10
21
–
–
–
170
495
17
136
480
21
34
–
–
–
71
21
491
–
27
–
10
13
–
–
–
–
60
8
495
–
30
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov15 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Childcare workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal care aides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recreation and fitness workers. . . . . . . . .
Residential advisors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal care and service workers, all
other..................................... .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of retail sales
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of non-retail
sales workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cashiers................................... .
Counter and rental clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parts salespersons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail salespersons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising sales agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance sales agents.................. .
Securities, commodities, and financial
services sales agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales representatives, services, all
other..................................... .
Sales representatives, wholesale and
manufacturing...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Models, demonstrators, and product
promoters............................... .
Real estate brokers and sales agents.. .
Sales engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telemarketers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Door-to-door sales workers, news and
street vendors, and related
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related workers, all other. . . .
Office and administrative support
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of office and
administrative support workers. . . . . . .
Switchboard operators, including
answering service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telephone operators..................... .
Communications equipment operators,
all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bill and account collectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Billing and posting clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing
clerks.................................... .
Gaming cage workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payroll and timekeeping clerks. . . . . . . . . .
Procurement clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tellers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial clerks, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brokerage clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Correspondence clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Court, municipal, and license clerks. . . .
16
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
441
657
213
32
418
449
538
–
9
11
32
–
410
539
123
18
418
445
523
–
9
11
29
–
31
119
90
13
–
470
561
–
–
26
49
–
–
94.7
93.2
–
36
23,120
9,376
–
659
708
–
3
7
13
14,008
4,005
–
615
566
–
2
9
22
9,112
5,371
–
756
835
–
5
11
–
81.3
67.8
2,320
709
11
981
612
9
1,338
778
15
78.7
757
1,350
58
83
1,829
207
431
980
392
612
663
598
938
838
31
6
39
32
10
50
28
217
932
24
8
737
96
216
934
379
–
–
485
868
733
49
6
–
–
8
47
17
540
418
35
75
1,092
110
216
1,004
426
–
665
719
1,005
1,029
41
16
–
36
18
71
55
93.0
89.0
–
–
67.5
86.4
71.2
219
42
1,119
–
70
–
75
32
863
–
104
–
145
10
1,389
–
177
–
62.1
–
348
948
32
106
766
34
242
1,013
59
75.6
1,085
1,042
42
247
859
34
838
1,131
21
76.0
24
357
33
49
–
809
–
–
–
53
–
–
13
209
4
32
–
756
–
–
–
52
–
–
11
148
29
18
–
928
–
–
–
81
–
–
–
81.5
–
–
34
150
–
915
–
32
11
65
–
724
–
64
23
85
–
1,161
–
47
–
62.4
13,744
638
3
10,003
628
3
3,741
673
9
93.3
1,224
772
11
828
748
12
395
846
37
88.4
22
20
–
–
–
–
16
17
–
–
–
–
6
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
2
156
422
–
599
637
–
18
14
2
111
380
–
586
629
–
15
13
0
45
42
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
804
12
128
30
265
54
2
12
74
677
–
731
–
494
686
–
–
676
15
–
22
–
11
58
–
–
54
702
6
118
18
229
34
1
7
53
670
–
727
–
494
–
–
–
665
15
–
23
–
11
–
–
–
64
102
6
9
12
36
20
1
4
21
751
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
45
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
89.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Credit authorizers, checkers, and
clerks.................................... .
Customer service representatives. . . . . .
Eligibility interviewers, government
programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
File clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks. . . .
Interviewers, except eligibility and
loan...................................... .
Library assistants, clerical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loan interviewers and clerks. . . . . . . . . . . .
New accounts clerks..................... .
Order clerks............................... .
Human resources assistants, except
payroll and timekeeping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receptionists and information clerks. . .
Reservation and transportation ticket
agents and travel clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information and record clerks, all
other..................................... .
Cargo and freight agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dispatchers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meter readers, utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postal service clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postal service mail carriers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Postal service mail sorters,
processors, and processing machine
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production, planning, and expediting
clerks.................................... .
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks.. .
Stock clerks and order fillers. . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and
samplers, recordkeeping. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Secretaries and administrative
assistants........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data entry keyers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Word processors and typists. . . . . . . . . . . .
Desktop publishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insurance claims and policy
processing clerks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mail clerks and mail machine
operators, except postal service..... .
Office clerks, general. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office machine operators, except
computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proofreaders and copy markers. . . . . . . .
Statistical assistants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office and administrative support
workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations.................. .
Farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
40
1,615
–
621
–
8
30
1,068
–
616
–
7
10
547
–
639
–
19
–
96.4
75
182
71
778
625
418
58
20
14
60
140
50
746
604
417
54
21
16
15
42
21
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
110
50
158
29
79
621
559
719
–
583
32
31
29
–
36
89
42
129
26
42
605
–
688
–
–
31
–
31
–
–
21
8
29
3
37
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
129
901
877
536
40
9
103
828
873
527
46
9
26
73
–
600
–
24
–
87.8
100
699
41
54
620
18
46
–
–
–
85
26
127
246
24
90
277
710
–
624
676
–
968
964
33
–
38
27
–
27
19
62
9
16
140
6
45
101
727
–
–
617
–
–
878
25
–
–
33
–
–
59
23
17
112
107
19
45
176
–
–
616
747
–
–
1,012
–
–
25
31
–
–
22
–
–
–
82.6
–
–
86.8
70
873
62
35
–
–
35
–
–
–
272
493
918
745
539
496
30
20
10
148
151
321
690
524
484
28
21
15
124
342
596
864
547
503
75
26
13
79.9
95.8
96.2
74
624
32
37
–
–
37
–
–
–
2,232
80
235
90
0
681
732
634
621
–
8
61
19
25
–
2,113
39
189
82
0
677
–
632
607
–
7
–
20
23
–
120
41
46
8
0
772
–
–
–
–
40
–
–
–
–
87.7
–
–
–
–
252
652
26
206
631
27
46
–
–
–
48
852
–
598
–
8
22
734
–
596
–
8
26
118
–
620
–
71
–
96.1
35
3
18
–
–
–
–
–
–
21
3
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
14
0
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
431
724
22
331
695
30
100
795
70
87.4
10,341
747
6
434
578
19
9,906
757
6
76.4
720
448
12
144
368
8
576
472
12
78.0
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov17 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
First-line supervisors of farming,
fishing, and forestry workers. . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural inspectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Animal breeders...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graders and sorters, agricultural
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous agricultural workers. . . . .
Fishers and related fishing workers. . . .
Hunters and trappers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forest and conservation workers. . . . . . .
Logging workers.......................... .
Construction and extraction
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of construction
trades and extraction workers. . . . . . . .
Boilermakers.............................. .
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and
stonemasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carpenters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and
finishers................................. .
Cement masons, concrete finishers,
and terrazzo workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction laborers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paving, surfacing, and tamping
equipment operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pile-driver operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating engineers and other
construction equipment operators. . . .
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers,
and tapers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricians................................ .
Glaziers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insulation workers........................ .
Painters, construction and
maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperhangers............................. .
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and
steamfitters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plasterers and stucco masons. . . . . . . . . .
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers. . . . .
Roofers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sheet metal workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Structural iron and steel workers. . . . . . .
Solar photovoltaic installers............. .
Helpers, construction trades. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and building inspectors. . .
Elevator installers and repairers. . . . . . . .
Fence erectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hazardous materials removal
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Highway maintenance workers. . . . . . . . . .
Rail-track laying and maintenance
equipment operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe
cleaners................................. .
18
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
34
11
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
8
3
0
–
–
–
–
–
–
25
8
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
91
516
16
0
11
39
416
428
–
–
–
–
20
13
–
–
–
–
57
71
2
0
1
1
389
352
–
–
–
–
22
10
–
–
–
–
34
445
15
0
10
37
–
447
–
–
–
–
–
15
–
–
–
–
–
78.7
–
–
–
–
5,353
732
9
112
654
31
5,242
736
10
88.9
509
14
990
–
28
–
8
0
–
–
–
–
501
14
996
–
27
–
–
–
106
712
768
657
68
21
0
10
–
–
–
–
106
703
766
659
71
23
–
–
80
582
25
2
–
–
78
579
25
–
46
1,087
–
594
–
9
0
29
–
–
–
–
46
1,058
–
592
–
9
–
–
18
1
–
–
–
–
1
0
–
–
–
–
18
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
322
801
35
4
–
–
317
804
34
–
81
641
31
44
521
949
–
–
19
23
–
–
0
11
0
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
81
630
31
42
522
952
–
–
20
23
–
–
–
–
–
–
331
0
576
–
19
–
14
0
–
–
–
–
318
0
579
–
18
–
–
–
450
24
8
133
100
38
6
46
73
25
24
909
–
–
566
789
–
–
–
903
–
–
17
–
–
32
33
–
–
–
69
–
–
4
0
0
0
7
0
0
2
5
0
0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
447
24
8
133
93
38
5
44
67
25
24
912
–
–
566
797
–
–
–
920
–
–
17
–
–
32
37
–
–
–
73
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
95
–
709
–
24
8
0
–
–
–
–
20
95
–
709
–
24
–
–
16
–
–
0
–
–
16
–
–
–
7
–
–
0
–
–
7
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Miscellaneous construction and related
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit
operators, oil, gas, and mining. . . . . . .
Earth drillers, except oil and gas. . . . . . . .
Explosives workers, ordnance
handling experts, and blasters. . . . . . . .
Mining machine operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roof bolters, mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roustabouts, oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Helpers--extraction workers............. .
Other extraction workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of mechanics,
installers, and repairers............... .
Computer, automated teller, and office
machine repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio and telecommunications
equipment installers and repairers. . .
Avionics technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric motor, power tool, and related
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical and electronics installers and
repairers, transportation equipment.. .
Electrical and electronics repairers,
industrial and utility. . .................. .
Electronic equipment installers and
repairers, motor vehicles. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic home entertainment
equipment installers and repairers. . .
Security and fire alarm systems
installers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aircraft mechanics and service
technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automotive body and related
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automotive glass installers and
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automotive service technicians and
mechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel
engine specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment
service technicians and mechanics.. .
Small engine mechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile
equipment mechanics, installers,
and repairers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control and valve installers and
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heating, air conditioning, and
refrigeration mechanics and
installers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home appliance repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial and refractory machinery
mechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
21
–
–
0
–
–
21
–
–
–
38
26
–
–
–
–
0
0
–
–
–
–
38
26
–
–
–
–
–
–
8
60
2
12
3
86
–
1,014
–
–
–
920
–
263
–
–
–
96
0
2
0
0
0
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8
58
2
12
3
83
–
1,084
–
–
–
909
–
305
–
–
–
75
–
–
–
–
–
–
4,268
821
8
179
710
27
4,089
824
9
86.2
258
980
52
29
–
–
229
990
58
–
240
875
35
29
–
–
211
894
31
–
122
10
1,025
–
52
–
13
4
–
–
–
–
108
6
1,021
–
52
–
–
–
24
–
–
1
–
–
23
–
–
–
6
–
–
0
–
–
6
–
–
–
13
–
–
1
–
–
12
–
–
–
24
–
–
2
–
–
22
–
–
–
42
–
–
1
–
–
41
–
–
–
60
780
20
2
–
–
58
780
19
–
155
978
45
3
–
–
152
974
45
–
124
687
17
1
–
–
123
688
16
–
20
–
–
0
–
–
20
–
–
–
672
713
15
13
–
–
659
714
15
–
302
794
24
0
–
–
301
795
24
–
196
32
867
–
36
–
1
1
–
–
–
–
195
31
868
–
36
–
–
–
74
468
100
2
–
–
72
480
37
–
24
–
–
2
–
–
22
–
–
–
316
38
792
–
38
–
3
0
–
–
–
–
313
38
791
–
40
–
–
–
434
896
18
20
–
–
414
899
18
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov19 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Maintenance and repair workers,
general.................................. .
Maintenance workers, machinery. . . . . . .
Millwrights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical power-line installers and
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications line installers and
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precision instrument and equipment
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wind turbine service technicians. . . . . . . .
Coin, vending, and amusement
machine servicers and repairers. . . . .
Commercial divers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Locksmiths and safe repairers. . . . . . . . . .
Manufactured building and mobile
home installers......................... .
Riggers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal and track switch repairers. . . . . . .
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and
repair workers.......................... .
Other installation, maintenance, and
repair workers.......................... .
Production, transportation, and material
moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
First-line supervisors of production and
operating workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging,
and systems assemblers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical, electronics, and
electromechanical assemblers. . . . . . . .
Engine and other machine
assemblers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Structural metal fabricators and
fitters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous assemblers and
fabricators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and
fish processing workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and tobacco roasting, baking,
and drying machine operators and
tenders.................................. .
Food batchmakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food cooking machine operators and
tenders.................................. .
Food processing workers, all other. . . . .
Computer control programmers and
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extruding and drawing machine
setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forging machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic. . . . . . .
Rolling machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic. . . . . . .
20
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
405
33
62
805
–
1,019
17
–
63
18
3
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
386
30
61
807
–
1,025
17
–
118
–
–
–
113
922
62
1
–
–
112
929
72
–
177
930
32
6
–
–
172
929
34
–
58
3
951
–
24
–
7
2
–
–
–
–
51
1
956
–
23
–
–
–
32
2
17
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
0
0
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
1
16
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
13
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
13
5
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
18
–
–
3
–
–
15
–
–
–
135
667
27
6
–
–
129
674
44
–
13,930
7,307
621
623
3
5
2,840
1,925
498
498
4
5
11,090
5,382
674
697
5
6
73.9
71.4
675
902
25
125
682
54
550
952
20
71.6
16
–
–
3
–
–
13
–
–
–
126
503
17
61
490
19
64
522
68
93.9
19
–
–
2
–
–
17
–
–
–
21
–
–
0
–
–
21
–
–
–
900
117
564
505
14
20
335
61
493
524
9
29
566
56
610
488
10
27
80.8
107.4
284
506
10
73
476
15
211
525
20
90.7
6
66
–
516
–
47
2
33
–
–
–
–
4
33
–
–
–
–
–
–
6
113
–
571
–
29
3
35
–
–
–
–
3
78
–
635
–
56
–
–
69
849
37
2
–
–
66
859
37
–
16
–
–
2
–
–
14
–
–
–
9
–
–
0
–
–
9
–
–
–
3
–
–
0
–
–
3
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Cutting, punching, and press machine
setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drilling and boring machine tool
setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and
buffing machine tool setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lathe and turning machine tool
setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Milling and planing machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinists................................. .
Metal furnace operators, tenders,
pourers, and casters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Model makers and patternmakers,
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Molders and molding machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Multiple machine tool setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tool and die makers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welding, soldering, and brazing
workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heat treating equipment setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Layout workers, metal and plastic. . . . . .
Plating and coating machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners. . .
Metal workers and plastic workers, all
other..................................... .
Prepress technicians and workers. . . . . .
Printing press operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Print binding and finishing workers. . . . .
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers. . . . . .
Pressers, textile, garment, and related
materials.. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sewing machine operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shoe and leather workers and
repairers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shoe machine operators and tenders.. .
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers. . . . . .
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine
operators and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile cutting machine setters,
operators, and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile knitting and weaving machine
setters, operators, and tenders. . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
70
545
38
10
–
–
60
532
41
–
1
–
–
0
–
–
1
–
–
–
50
610
37
6
–
–
44
–
–
–
11
–
–
3
–
–
8
–
–
–
5
388
–
777
–
22
0
21
–
–
–
–
5
367
–
795
–
25
–
–
23
–
–
0
–
–
23
–
–
–
3
–
–
1
–
–
2
–
–
–
51
717
65
13
–
–
38
–
–
–
4
55
–
908
–
50
1
1
–
–
–
–
3
55
–
911
–
50
–
–
524
723
17
25
–
–
499
730
15
–
9
4
–
–
–
–
1
0
–
–
–
–
8
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
16
4
–
–
–
–
1
0
–
–
–
–
15
4
–
–
–
–
–
–
323
25
175
22
121
592
–
656
–
385
19
–
55
–
15
66
9
30
13
71
557
–
–
–
360
24
–
–
–
14
257
17
145
8
50
606
–
703
–
425
24
–
30
–
32
91.9
–
–
–
84.7
35
121
–
405
–
18
17
91
–
405
–
23
18
29
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
3
42
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
1
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
1
13
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2
–
–
1
–
–
1
–
–
–
5
–
–
1
–
–
5
–
–
–
3
–
–
3
–
–
0
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov21 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing
out machine setters, operators, and
tenders.................................. .
Extruding and forming machine
setters, operators, and tenders,
synthetic and glass fibers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabric and apparel patternmakers. . . . . .
Upholsterers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile, apparel, and furnishings
workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cabinetmakers and bench
carpenters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture finishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Model makers and patternmakers,
wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sawing machine setters, operators,
and tenders, wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Woodworking machine setters,
operators, and tenders, except
sawing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Woodworkers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power plant operators, distributors,
and dispatchers........................ .
Stationary engineers and boiler
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water and wastewater treatment plant
and system operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous plant and system
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemical processing machine setters,
operators, and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing,
and blending workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cutting workers........................... .
Extruding, forming, pressing, and
compacting machine setters,
operators, and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle
operators and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers,
and weighers........................... .
Jewelers and precious stone and
metal workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic
laboratory technicians................. .
Packaging and filling machine
operators and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Painting workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Photographic process workers and
processing machine operators. . . . . . . .
Semiconductor processors.............. .
Adhesive bonding machine operators
and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling
equipment operators and tenders. . . .
Cooling and freezing equipment
operators and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Etchers and engravers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
12
–
–
5
–
–
7
–
–
–
1
1
19
–
–
–
–
–
–
0
1
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
0
17
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12
–
–
3
–
–
8
–
–
–
28
5
–
–
–
–
0
1
–
–
–
–
27
4
–
–
–
–
–
–
0
–
–
0
–
–
0
–
–
–
25
–
–
2
–
–
23
–
–
–
18
9
–
–
–
–
4
1
–
–
–
–
14
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
41
–
–
6
–
–
35
–
–
–
90
903
37
5
–
–
84
922
44
–
68
828
42
4
–
–
64
829
42
–
41
–
–
2
–
–
40
–
–
–
46
–
–
5
–
–
41
–
–
–
88
40
716
–
48
–
11
10
–
–
–
–
77
30
807
–
100
–
–
–
31
–
–
5
–
–
26
–
–
–
10
–
–
0
–
–
10
–
–
–
650
741
15
211
583
27
439
835
32
69.8
23
–
–
6
–
–
17
–
–
–
67
701
27
33
–
–
34
–
–
–
297
125
488
664
9
36
159
17
429
–
20
–
137
108
537
673
26
32
79.9
–
26
2
–
–
–
–
11
1
–
–
–
–
15
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
11
–
–
5
–
–
5
–
–
–
3
–
–
1
–
–
2
–
–
–
1
2
–
–
–
–
0
0
–
–
–
–
1
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Molders, shapers, and casters, except
metal and plastic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper goods machine setters,
operators, and tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tire builders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Helpers--production workers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production workers, all other. . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving
occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supervisors of transportation and
material moving workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers. . . . . .
Air traffic controllers and airfield
operations specialists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flight attendants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulance drivers and attendants,
except emergency medical
technicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bus drivers.. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Driver/sales workers and truck
drivers................................... .
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle operators, all other. . . . . . .
Locomotive engineers and operators. . .
Railroad brake, signal, and switch
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Railroad conductors and yardmasters.. .
Subway, streetcar, and other rail
transportation workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sailors and marine oilers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ship and boat captains and
operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ship engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bridge and lock tenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parking lot attendants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automotive and watercraft service
attendants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation inspectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation attendants, except flight
attendants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other transportation workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
Conveyor operators and tenders. . . . . . . .
Crane and tower operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dredge, excavating, and loading
machine operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hoist and winch operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial truck and tractor operators. . .
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment. . .
Laborers and freight, stock, and
material movers, hand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machine feeders and offbearers. . . . . . . .
Packers and packagers, hand.......... .
Pumping station operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refuse and recyclable material
collectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Women
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Men
Standard
error of
median
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
31
–
–
3
–
–
28
–
–
–
21
23
29
866
–
–
–
586
–
–
–
10
3
7
9
236
–
–
–
501
–
–
–
12
18
16
20
630
–
–
–
619
–
–
–
11
–
–
–
80.9
6,623
619
5
916
497
8
5,707
645
8
77.1
165
100
882
1,845
47
40
38
7
–
–
–
–
126
93
930
1,859
24
59
–
–
41
69
–
767
–
31
5
54
–
749
–
26
37
16
–
–
–
–
–
–
12
339
–
579
–
17
3
147
–
556
–
35
9
192
–
597
–
28
–
93.1
2,587
202
39
50
730
521
–
1,396
10
19
–
72
106
30
3
2
583
–
–
–
34
–
–
–
2,482
172
37
48
738
540
–
–
10
96
–
–
79.0
–
–
–
12
46
–
–
–
–
0
3
–
–
–
–
11
43
–
–
–
–
–
–
5
29
–
–
–
–
0
1
–
–
–
–
5
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
32
7
5
50
–
–
–
423
–
–
–
18
0
0
0
7
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
32
7
5
43
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
78
41
398
–
12
–
12
6
–
–
–
–
67
35
403
–
14
–
–
–
30
17
4
70
–
–
–
846
–
–
–
191
16
1
1
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14
15
3
69
–
–
–
871
–
–
–
214
–
–
–
–
28
7
542
235
–
–
559
429
–
–
17
15
0
0
32
28
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
7
510
206
–
–
559
434
–
–
18
15
–
–
–
–
1,277
20
331
24
511
–
422
–
6
–
11
–
221
4
182
0
421
–
416
–
13
–
14
–
1,056
15
149
24
524
–
434
–
11
–
28
–
80.3
–
95.9
–
75
550
37
1
–
–
74
555
37
–
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov23 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by detailed occupation, 2013
annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Occupation
Mine shuttle car operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders. . . . . . .
Material moving workers, all other. . . . . .
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
3
6
45
–
–
–
Women
Standard
error of
median
–
–
–
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
0
0
5
–
–
–
Standard
error of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
–
–
–
–
–
–
Men
Standard
error of
median
–
–
–
Number Median
of
weekly
workers earnings
3
6
41
–
–
–
Note: Median earnings are not shown where employment is less than 50,000. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s are not shown where
employment for either women or men is less than 50,000. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
24
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by state, 2013 annual averages
Total
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
United States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State
Women
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
104,262
$776
$2
1,557
255
1,970
912
11,767
1,775
1,204
308
271
6,347
3,373
449
469
4,293
2,149
1,124
983
1,372
1,422
428
2,244
2,261
2,996
1,945
868
2,075
313
697
951
489
3,108
573
6,715
3,164
273
3,698
1,295
1,143
4,425
356
1,545
289
2,033
9,184
970
216
2,988
2,278
572
1,959
211
733
888
764
660
821
875
995
790
1,152
740
742
783
707
816
733
757
743
682
692
751
942
1,001
811
878
660
743
687
738
702
884
905
746
839
705
791
744
677
781
782
856
703
679
687
721
754
777
897
882
740
784
847
13
17
13
14
9
18
19
19
22
6
11
18
14
13
12
13
13
15
12
14
20
19
14
17
18
14
10
13
11
19
18
20
11
12
14
9
12
21
10
24
15
12
20
7
11
15
18
18
15
15
20
Men
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
57,994
$860
$3
82.1
843
143
1,101
512
6,760
1,009
665
166
133
3,315
1,840
245
290
2,348
1,212
615
554
754
794
226
1,177
1,258
1,706
1,096
457
1,127
173
386
529
274
1,708
330
3,654
1,735
155
2,036
730
649
2,468
191
826
157
1,147
5,280
604
117
1,631
1,333
319
1,088
128
820
1,027
848
705
864
978
1,106
884
1,212
816
830
863
741
891
830
861
826
749
808
802
1,012
1,109
883
956
739
852
778
801
745
956
993
827
910
768
903
822
756
873
879
954
785
754
745
800
864
816
971
963
847
851
978
26
35
26
19
12
29
44
47
61
14
23
28
14
15
28
22
26
15
32
26
28
28
17
27
23
31
22
17
16
23
20
22
12
15
22
15
18
27
14
28
13
17
17
14
22
26
26
31
25
19
20
77.2
74.0
82.8
86.1
89.4
77.9
80.8
82.4
90.8
83.2
81.6
84.2
87.6
81.6
78.3
77.9
79.1
81.4
73.1
85.3
86.0
81.2
81.5
82.6
80.2
78.1
76.3
83.4
87.1
82.4
79.5
78.1
83.3
82.7
76.6
82.7
78.2
80.8
79.7
79.2
79.2
79.8
84.4
78.6
74.3
91.3
83.2
79.3
74.7
81.9
68.6
Median
weekly
earnings
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
workers
(in
thousands)
46,268
$706
$3
715
112
869
400
5,007
765
539
142
138
3,032
1,533
204
180
1,945
936
509
430
618
627
202
1,067
1,002
1,290
850
411
948
141
311
421
215
1,400
243
3,061
1,428
118
1,662
565
494
1,957
165
719
132
886
3,904
366
99
1,357
945
253
871
83
633
760
702
607
772
762
894
728
1,100
679
677
727
649
727
650
671
653
610
591
684
870
900
720
790
593
665
594
668
649
788
789
646
758
635
692
680
591
705
701
756
622
602
629
629
642
745
808
764
633
697
671
24
15
18
15
10
15
28
20
55
10
17
18
19
13
15
18
22
14
13
26
28
20
15
20
17
17
16
17
14
32
16
15
8
12
12
11
12
15
12
19
14
13
16
9
16
19
21
24
25
20
22
Note: In general, the sampling error for the state estimates is considerably larger than it is for the national estimates; thus, comparisons of state estimates should be made
with caution. Data shown are based on workers’ state of residence; workers’ reported earnings, however, may or may not be from a job located in the same state.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov25 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers, by selected demographic
characteristics, 2013 annual averages
Total
Characteristic
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Age
Total, 16 years and older..................... .
16 to 24 years............................... .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24,664
8,375
3,263
5,112
16,289
4,281
3,287
3,358
3,110
2,253
$237
181
143
207
274
264
291
289
286
243
$1
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
4
15,960
4,673
1,790
2,883
11,287
2,740
2,462
2,623
2,194
1,268
$241
177
139
205
274
265
288
285
287
236
$1
2
2
2
2
4
5
5
5
6
8,704
3,702
1,473
2,229
5,002
1,541
825
735
916
985
$230
186
148
209
274
264
298
309
283
252
$2
2
3
3
3
4
8
11
8
7
104.8
95.2
93.9
98.1
100.0
100.4
96.6
92.2
101.4
93.7
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White............................................ .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19,848
2,817
1,188
3,855
238
231
246
229
1
3
6
3
12,966
1,715
779
2,281
242
235
251
222
2
4
8
3
6,883
1,103
409
1,574
231
225
236
238
2
4
11
4
104.8
104.4
106.4
93.3
Marital Status
Never married.................................. .
Married, spouse present...................... .
Other marital status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Divorced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Separated.................................... .
Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,774
9,532
3,357
1,887
826
645
201
288
263
270
260
246
1
3
3
4
6
8
6,458
6,991
2,511
1,376
595
540
198
287
260
265
258
245
2
3
3
4
7
8
5,316
2,541
846
511
231
104
205
291
275
287
266
249
2
5
7
12
11
24
96.6
98.6
94.5
92.3
97.0
98.4
Note: Estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all
race groups. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
26
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of wage and salary workers, by hours usually worked, 2013 annual
averages
Total
Hours of work
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Total, 16 years and older..................... . 129,110
0 to 34 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,185
0 to 4 hours........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
520
5 to 9 hours........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,155
10 to 14 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,785
15 to 19 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,604
20 to 24 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6,654
25 to 29 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,200
30 to 34 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6,268
35 hours and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,836
35 to 39 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,128
40 hours................................... . 70,466
41 hours and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,241
41 to 44 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,031
45 to 48 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,493
49 to 59 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9,119
60 hours and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4,599
Hours vary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,089
Usually less than 35 hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,478
Usually 35 or more hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5,427
$665
240
58
75
113
159
217
264
336
781
495
732
1,202
880
1,054
1,270
1,373
463
205
672
Women
Standard
error
of
median
$2
1
3
3
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
2
9
19
10
10
16
9
4
13
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
62,316
14,460
338
771
1,168
1,760
4,307
2,081
4,035
44,208
5,380
32,504
6,324
390
1,957
2,805
1,173
3,648
1,500
2,060
$584
245
56
76
115
163
223
270
352
713
507
691
1,099
841
996
1,193
1,202
324
202
496
Men
Standard
error
of
median
$2
1
3
3
2
2
2
2
4
3
5
3
14
27
17
22
46
6
4
12
Number
of
Median
workers
weekly
(in
earnings
thousands)
66,794
7,725
182
383
617
844
2,347
1,120
2,232
54,627
2,748
37,963
13,917
642
3,536
6,314
3,426
4,441
978
3,367
$764
232
61
74
109
151
209
255
315
864
466
771
1,255
912
1,097
1,317
1,436
618
210
791
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
$3
2
5
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
7
3
7
30
20
16
22
12
6
17
76.4
105.6
91.8
102.7
105.5
107.9
106.7
105.9
111.7
82.5
108.8
89.6
87.6
92.2
90.8
90.6
83.7
52.4
96.2
62.7
Note: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full-time and part-time workers. Estimates for the ″hours vary″ groups do not sum to totals because data
are not presented for a small number of multiple jobholders whose usual number of hours on the principal job is not identifiable.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov27 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 6. Distribution of full-time wage and salary workers, by usual weekly earnings and selected demographic
characteristics, 2013 annual averages
[In thousands]
Number of workers by usual weekly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Age
Total, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
104,262
9,247
1,084
8,164
95,015
25,081
24,303
25,100
17,066
3,465
7,881
2,130
441
1,690
5,751
1,889
1,354
1,309
848
351
16,496
3,270
407
2,863
13,225
4,578
3,039
3,106
2,024
479
10,022
1,175
91
1,084
8,847
2,870
2,051
2,143
1,453
331
14,128
1,214
73
1,141
12,914
3,910
3,216
3,239
2,135
414
17,822
864
41
823
16,958
4,680
4,314
4,464
2,983
517
10,179
305
11
293
9,875
2,448
2,503
2,648
1,981
295
18,784
240
17
222
18,544
3,683
5,268
5,294
3,649
650
8,951
50
3
47
8,901
1,023
2,559
2,898
1,993
428
Women, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46,268
4,041
453
3,587
42,228
10,891
10,480
11,391
7,967
1,498
4,345
1,089
222
866
3,256
961
787
825
503
180
8,275
1,475
167
1,308
6,800
2,061
1,553
1,772
1,164
250
5,173
496
24
471
4,678
1,385
1,063
1,204
854
172
6,800
486
25
462
6,314
1,841
1,519
1,626
1,114
213
8,009
326
10
316
7,684
2,049
1,891
2,075
1,425
243
4,370
101
3
98
4,269
1,038
1,047
1,161
895
127
6,866
53
2
50
6,813
1,288
1,896
1,956
1,441
232
2,430
15
1
14
2,415
268
723
772
571
81
Men, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57,994
5,207
630
4,577
52,787
14,190
13,823
13,708
9,100
1,966
3,537
1,042
218
823
2,495
928
567
484
346
171
8,221
1,795
240
1,555
6,426
2,517
1,486
1,333
860
229
4,849
679
66
613
4,170
1,485
987
939
599
159
7,328
727
48
679
6,600
2,069
1,697
1,613
1,021
200
9,813
539
31
507
9,274
2,631
2,422
2,389
1,557
274
5,809
203
8
195
5,606
1,410
1,455
1,487
1,086
167
11,918
187
15
172
11,731
2,395
3,371
3,338
2,208
418
6,521
34
2
32
6,486
755
1,837
2,126
1,421
348
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82,672
35,619
47,053
12,439
6,588
5,851
6,073
2,698
3,376
16,859
6,534
10,325
5,746
3,084
2,663
1,457
876
581
387
211
176
2,355
1,129
1,226
12,298
6,074
6,224
2,715
1,507
1,208
812
401
411
4,407
1,743
2,663
7,753
3,928
3,825
1,476
844
632
463
248
215
1,961
774
1,187
11,180
5,348
5,832
1,878
954
925
629
311
318
2,448
907
1,541
14,496
6,360
8,136
1,966
974
992
887
457
430
2,394
929
1,465
8,349
3,488
4,861
950
499
451
630
281
349
1,040
385
655
15,362
5,415
9,947
1,527
726
802
1,461
561
901
1,689
516
1,173
7,487
1,922
5,566
469
209
260
805
229
576
566
150
415
Under
$350.00
$350.00
to
$499.99
$500.00
to
$599.99
$600.00
to
$749.99
$750.00
to
$999.99
$1,000.00
to
$1,199.99
$1,200.00
to
$1,999.99
$2,000.00
or
more
Note: Estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all race groups. People
of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
28
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 7. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by marital status and presence
and age of own children under 18 years old, 2013 annual averages
Number of
workers (in
thousands)
Median weekly
earnings
Standard error of
median
Women
Total, all marital statuses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
46,268
16,470
9,967
6,503
29,798
$706
701
720
674
708
$3
5
6
7
3
Total, married, spouse present...................................................................... .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
23,915
10,855
6,529
4,326
13,060
768
781
771
800
760
3
6
6
12
4
Total, other marital statuses1........................................................................ .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
22,353
5,615
3,438
2,176
16,738
630
575
617
496
659
3
5
5
6
4
Men
Total, all marital statuses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
57,994
21,293
11,584
9,710
36,701
860
950
1,005
890
804
3
5
9
8
4
Total, married, spouse present...................................................................... .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
34,695
18,799
10,335
8,464
15,896
985
990
1,038
942
979
5
6
12
8
6
Total, other marital statuses1........................................................................ .
With children under 18 years old................................................................. .
With children 6 to 17, none younger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
With children under 6 years old................................................................ .
With no children under 18 years old............................................................. .
23,299
2,495
1,249
1,245
20,805
687
692
796
598
686
4
10
20
9
4
Characteristic
1
Includes never-married, divorced, separated, and widowed persons.
Note: Children refer to ″own″ children and include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Excluded are other related children such as
grandchildren, nieces, nephews, and cousins, as well as unrelated children.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov29 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 8. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by selected characteristics,
2013 annual averages
Total
Characteristic
Number
of
Median
workers
hourly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Women
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
hourly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Men
Standard
error
of
median
Number
of
Median
workers
hourly
(in
earnings
thousands)
Standard
error
of
median
Women’s
earnings
as a
percentage
of men’s
Age
Total, 16 years and older..................... .
16 to 24 years............................... .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75,948
15,110
4,089
11,021
60,838
17,607
14,195
15,097
10,713
3,227
$12.93
9.16
8.19
9.83
14.50
12.88
14.98
15.17
15.62
12.47
$0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.15
0.20
38,404
7,552
2,115
5,437
30,852
8,326
7,082
7,916
5,798
1,731
$12.12
8.93
8.09
9.40
13.36
12.23
13.77
13.94
14.53
12.22
$0.02
0.03
0.02
0.08
0.06
0.07
0.12
0.07
0.18
0.14
37,544
7,558
1,975
5,584
29,985
9,281
7,112
7,181
4,915
1,496
$14.00
9.67
8.37
10.00
15.27
13.42
16.21
17.17
17.28
12.88
$0.04
0.07
0.05
0.03
0.07
0.14
0.16
0.14
0.22
0.22
86.6
92.3
96.7
94.0
87.5
91.1
84.9
81.2
84.1
94.9
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White............................................ .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
59,515
10,233
3,495
14,706
13.15
11.90
13.62
11.25
0.04
0.04
0.27
0.09
29,569
5,643
1,888
6,341
12.21
11.54
13.04
10.49
0.04
0.13
0.18
0.11
29,947
4,590
1,606
8,365
14.24
12.16
14.24
11.99
0.09
0.06
0.28
0.05
85.7
94.9
91.6
87.5
Marital Status
Never married.................................. .
Married, spouse present...................... .
Other marital status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Divorced. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Separated.................................... .
Widowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28,651
34,479
12,818
8,133
3,236
1,449
10.23
15.10
13.65
14.50
12.07
12.78
0.03
0.03
0.10
0.16
0.07
0.19
13,697
16,965
7,742
4,813
1,799
1,130
10.04
13.99
12.77
13.29
11.53
12.65
0.02
0.05
0.09
0.13
0.16
0.24
14,954
17,514
5,076
3,320
1,437
319
10.83
16.55
15.07
16.04
13.09
13.22
0.05
0.12
0.07
0.14
0.20
0.49
92.7
84.5
84.7
82.9
88.1
95.7
Union Affiliation1
Members of unions2........................... .
Represented by unions3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not represented by a union. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8,641
9,440
66,508
18.58
18.34
12.21
0.19
0.16
0.03
3,383
3,781
34,624
16.36
16.23
11.89
0.22
0.19
0.02
5,258
5,659
31,884
20.09
20.02
13.02
0.08
0.08
0.05
81.4
81.1
91.3
Educational Attainment
Total, 25 years and older..................... .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60,838
6,821
21,374
20,084
12,558
14.50
10.51
13.73
14.92
19.02
0.06
0.11
0.07
0.04
0.13
30,852
2,586
9,846
10,993
7,428
13.36
9.68
12.07
13.79
18.52
0.06
0.10
0.04
0.07
0.22
29,985
4,235
11,528
9,092
5,131
15.27
11.76
15.15
16.47
19.78
0.07
0.10
0.04
0.16
0.22
87.5
82.3
79.7
83.7
93.6
1
Differences in earnings levels between workers with and without union affiliation reflect a variety of factors in addition to coverage by a collective
bargaining agreement, including the distribution of workers by occupation, industry, and geographic region.
2
Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
3
Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association
contract.
Note: Estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all
race groups. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
30
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 9. Distribution of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by hourly earnings and selected
demographic characteristics, 2013 annual averages
[In thousands]
Number of workers by hourly earnings
Characteristic
Total
employed
Under
$6.00
$6.00
to
$7.99
$8.00
to
$9.99
$10.00
to
$11.99
$12.00
to
$14.99
$15.00
to
$19.99
$20.00
or
more
Age
Total, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older.................................... .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 16 years and older............................ .
16 to 24 years. .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older.................................... .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 16 years and older................................ .
16 to 24 years. .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older.................................... .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75,948
15,110
4,089
11,021
60,838
17,607
14,195
15,097
10,713
3,227
38,404
7,552
2,115
5,437
30,852
8,326
7,082
7,916
5,798
1,731
37,544
7,558
1,975
5,584
29,985
9,281
7,112
7,181
4,915
1,496
1,202
522
176
346
680
354
141
124
36
24
842
371
117
253
472
236
99
94
24
18
360
152
59
93
208
118
42
30
12
6
4,694
2,527
1,294
1,233
2,167
774
471
431
287
204
2,782
1,412
723
688
1,371
432
310
310
199
120
1,912
1,115
571
545
797
341
162
121
89
84
13,800
5,500
1,713
3,787
8,300
3,006
1,797
1,761
1,170
566
7,909
2,897
900
1,997
5,012
1,602
1,129
1,185
766
330
5,891
2,603
813
1,790
3,289
1,404
668
575
405
236
12,195
3,041
554
2,487
9,154
3,103
2,026
2,014
1,387
624
6,362
1,412
242
1,170
4,949
1,468
1,110
1,198
846
327
5,833
1,628
312
1,317
4,205
1,635
916
816
541
297
12,795
1,902
224
1,678
10,894
3,442
2,369
2,621
1,916
545
6,797
834
91
744
5,963
1,656
1,295
1,557
1,153
302
5,998
1,067
133
934
4,931
1,786
1,074
1,064
764
243
14,201
1,201
93
1,107
13,001
3,479
3,161
3,444
2,322
594
6,623
448
30
418
6,175
1,514
1,429
1,723
1,206
304
7,578
752
63
690
6,826
1,965
1,733
1,721
1,116
291
17,060
418
35
383
16,643
3,449
4,229
4,701
3,594
669
7,089
177
10
167
6,911
1,417
1,711
1,848
1,605
330
9,972
240
25
216
9,731
2,032
2,518
2,854
1,989
339
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity............................. .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
59,515
29,569
29,947
10,233
5,643
4,590
3,495
1,888
1,606
14,706
6,341
8,365
994
706
289
117
75
42
36
23
13
192
109
83
3,524
2,092
1,431
822
492
330
179
95
83
982
573
409
10,393
5,873
4,521
2,193
1,353
841
603
353
250
3,605
1,844
1,762
9,279
4,829
4,450
1,869
997
872
561
308
253
2,896
1,194
1,702
9,990
5,223
4,767
1,778
1,027
752
567
319
247
2,588
1,104
1,484
11,276
5,143
6,134
1,878
963
915
600
329
271
2,393
869
1,524
14,058
5,704
8,355
1,575
736
839
949
461
488
2,049
647
1,402
Note: Estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all
race groups. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov31 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 10. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing federal minimum
wage, by selected demographic characteristics, 2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Workers paid hourly rates
Characteristic
Total
Total at or below
prevailing federal
minimum wage
Below
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage
Number
Percentage of
workers
paid hourly
rates
Age
Total, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 16 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65 years and older. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
75,948
15,110
4,089
11,021
60,838
17,607
14,195
15,097
10,713
3,227
38,404
7,552
2,115
5,437
30,852
8,326
7,082
7,916
5,798
1,731
37,544
7,558
1,975
5,584
29,985
9,281
7,112
7,181
4,915
1,496
1,768
808
321
487
961
454
211
179
66
51
1,148
534
194
340
614
278
139
132
40
25
621
273
127
147
347
177
72
47
26
26
1,532
855
476
379
677
249
144
135
89
60
910
473
272
201
437
140
100
99
59
39
622
382
205
178
240
109
44
36
29
21
3,301
1,663
797
866
1,638
704
355
314
155
111
2,058
1,007
466
541
1,051
418
239
231
99
64
1,243
656
331
324
587
286
116
83
56
47
4.3
11.0
19.5
7.9
2.7
4.0
2.5
2.1
1.4
3.4
5.4
13.3
22.0
10.0
3.4
5.0
3.4
2.9
1.7
3.7
3.3
8.7
16.8
5.8
2.0
3.1
1.6
1.2
1.1
3.1
Race and Hispanic or
Latino Ethnicity
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
59,515
29,569
29,947
10,233
5,643
4,590
3,495
1,888
1,606
14,706
6,341
8,365
1,394
914
480
224
137
87
71
45
26
325
168
157
1,160
691
470
276
155
121
43
25
18
318
195
123
2,554
1,605
949
500
292
209
114
70
44
644
363
281
4.3
5.4
3.2
4.9
5.2
4.5
3.3
3.7
2.7
4.4
5.7
3.4
Full- and Part-time Status1
Full-time workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55,387
25,078
30,309
20,453
13,265
7,188
726
435
291
1,040
711
328
447
263
184
1,085
648
438
1,173
698
475
2,125
1,359
766
2.1
2.8
1.6
10.4
10.2
10.7
1
The distinction between full- and part-time workers is based on hours usually worked. These data do not sum to totals because full- or part-time status on the principal job
is not identifiable for a small number of multiple jobholders.
Note: See the technical notes section for information about the federal minimum wage level and estimating the number of minimum wage workers. Estimates for the race
groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all race groups. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
32
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing federal minimum
wage, 1979-2013 annual averages
[Numbers in thousands]
Workers paid hourly rates
Year
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Total at or below
prevailing federal
minimum wage
Percentage
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage1
At
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage1
Number
Percentage
of
workers
paid hourly
rates
Total
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87,529
87,644
88,516
87,368
88,290
92,194
94,521
96,903
99,303
101,407
103,480
104,876
103,723
104,668
106,101
107,989
110,038
111,960
114,533
116,730
118,963
122,089
122,229
121,826
122,358
123,554
125,889
128,237
129,767
129,377
124,490
124,073
125,187
127,577
129,110
51,721
51,335
51,869
50,846
51,820
54,143
55,762
57,529
59,552
60,878
62,389
63,172
62,627
63,610
64,274
66,549
68,354
69,255
70,735
71,440
72,306
73,496
73,392
72,508
72,946
73,939
75,609
76,514
75,873
75,305
72,611
72,902
73,926
75,276
75,948
59.1
58.6
58.6
58.2
58.7
58.7
59.0
59.4
60.0
60.0
60.3
60.2
60.4
60.8
60.6
61.6
62.1
61.9
61.8
61.2
60.8
60.2
60.0
59.5
59.6
59.8
60.1
59.7
58.5
58.2
58.3
58.8
59.1
59.0
58.8
2,916
3,087
3,513
2,348
2,077
1,838
1,639
1,599
1,468
1,319
1,372
2,132
2,377
1,939
1,707
1,995
1,699
1,863
2,990
2,834
2,194
1,752
1,518
1,579
1,555
1,483
1,403
1,283
1,462
1,940
2,592
2,541
2,152
1,984
1,768
3,997
4,686
4,311
4,148
4,261
4,125
3,899
3,461
3,229
2,608
1,790
1,096
2,906
2,982
2,625
2,132
1,956
1,861
1,764
1,593
1,146
898
656
567
545
520
479
409
267
286
980
1,820
1,677
1,566
1,532
6,912
7,773
7,824
6,496
6,338
5,963
5,538
5,060
4,698
3,927
3,162
3,228
5,283
4,921
4,332
4,128
3,656
3,724
4,754
4,427
3,340
2,650
2,174
2,146
2,100
2,003
1,882
1,692
1,729
2,226
3,572
4,361
3,829
3,550
3,301
13.4
15.1
15.1
12.8
12.2
11.0
9.9
8.8
7.9
6.5
5.1
5.1
8.4
7.7
6.7
6.2
5.3
5.4
6.7
6.2
4.6
3.6
3.0
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.2
2.3
3.0
4.9
6.0
5.2
4.7
4.3
Women
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38,129
38,944
39,672
39,777
40,433
42,172
43,506
44,961
46,365
47,495
48,691
49,323
49,105
49,842
50,626
51,419
52,369
53,488
54,708
55,757
23,329
23,626
24,294
24,365
24,989
26,003
26,869
27,863
29,078
29,820
30,702
31,069
30,988
31,454
31,937
33,021
33,934
34,418
35,214
35,680
61.2
60.7
61.2
61.3
61.8
61.7
61.8
62.0
62.7
62.8
63.1
63.0
63.1
63.1
63.1
64.2
64.8
64.3
64.4
64.0
2,070
2,104
2,394
1,651
1,492
1,348
1,198
1,192
1,105
1,008
994
1,420
1,582
1,286
1,133
1,322
1,157
1,244
1,843
1,794
2,644
2,990
2,778
2,561
2,603
2,499
2,356
2,125
1,946
1,542
1,056
711
1,792
1,751
1,534
1,241
1,161
1,106
1,092
965
4,714
5,095
5,172
4,212
4,095
3,847
3,554
3,317
3,051
2,550
2,050
2,131
3,374
3,036
2,667
2,563
2,318
2,350
2,935
2,760
20.2
21.6
21.3
17.3
16.4
14.8
13.2
11.9
10.5
8.6
6.7
6.9
10.9
9.7
8.4
7.8
6.8
6.8
8.3
7.7
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov33 See footnotes at end of table.
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 11. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing federal minimum
wage, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Workers paid hourly rates
Year
Total
wage
and
salary
workers
Total
Total at or below
prevailing federal
minimum wage
Percentage
of total
wage
and
salary
workers
Below
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage1
At
prevailing
federal
minimum
wage1
Number
Percentage
of
workers
paid hourly
rates
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57,050
58,427
58,582
58,555
59,122
59,408
60,423
61,426
62,299
62,532
60,951
60,542
60,502
61,679
62,316
36,233
36,777
36,848
36,508
37,093
37,133
37,957
38,321
38,082
37,972
37,426
37,404
37,469
38,163
38,404
63.5
62.9
62.9
62.3
62.7
62.5
62.8
62.4
61.1
60.7
61.4
61.8
61.9
61.9
61.6
1,426
1,170
1,021
997
1,062
1,013
944
861
1,002
1,302
1,603
1,598
1,366
1,288
1,148
700
579
409
350
332
310
290
263
181
196
612
1,151
1,029
999
910
2,126
1,749
1,430
1,347
1,394
1,323
1,234
1,124
1,183
1,498
2,215
2,749
2,395
2,287
2,058
5.9
4.8
3.9
3.7
3.8
3.6
3.3
2.9
3.1
3.9
5.9
7.3
6.4
6.0
5.4
Men
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
49,400
48,700
48,844
47,591
47,856
50,022
51,015
51,942
52,938
53,912
54,789
55,553
54,618
54,826
55,475
56,570
57,669
58,473
59,825
60,973
61,914
63,662
63,647
63,272
63,236
64,145
65,466
66,811
67,468
66,846
63,539
63,531
64,686
65,898
66,794
28,392
27,709
27,576
26,481
26,831
28,140
28,893
29,666
30,474
31,058
31,687
32,104
31,639
32,155
32,337
33,528
34,420
34,838
35,521
35,761
36,073
36,720
36,544
36,000
35,853
36,806
37,652
38,193
37,790
37,334
35,185
35,498
36,457
37,113
37,544
57.5
56.9
56.5
55.6
56.1
56.3
56.6
57.1
57.6
57.6
57.8
57.8
57.9
58.6
58.3
59.3
59.7
59.6
59.4
58.7
58.3
57.7
57.4
56.9
56.7
57.4
57.5
57.2
56.0
55.9
55.4
55.9
56.4
56.3
56.2
846
983
1,119
697
585
490
440
408
364
311
379
712
795
653
573
674
542
619
1,147
1,039
768
582
497
582
493
470
459
422
460
638
990
943
785
696
621
1,353
1,696
1,533
1,587
1,658
1,626
1,544
1,336
1,283
1,066
733
385
1,114
1,231
1,091
891
796
755
673
628
446
319
247
217
213
210
189
146
86
90
368
669
648
567
622
2,199
2,678
2,652
2,284
2,243
2,116
1,984
1,743
1,647
1,377
1,112
1,097
1,909
1,885
1,664
1,565
1,338
1,374
1,820
1,667
1,214
901
744
799
706
680
648
568
546
728
1,358
1,612
1,433
1,263
1,243
7.7
9.7
9.6
8.6
8.4
7.5
6.9
5.9
5.4
4.4
3.5
3.4
6.0
5.9
5.1
4.7
3.9
3.9
5.1
4.7
3.4
2.5
2.0
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.9
3.9
4.5
3.9
3.4
3.3
1
Data for 1990-91, 1996-97, and 2007-09 reflect changes in the minimum wage that took place in those years.
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current Population Survey (CPS).
Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. See the technical notes section for information about the federal minimum
wage level and estimating the number of minimum wage workers.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
34
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 12. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s, by age, for full-time wage and salary workers,
1979-2013
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62.3
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74.4
76.3
76.5
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
79.9
80.2
81.2
82.2
80.9
82.1
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
78.6
80.3
82.6
85.3
88.8
87.9
87.6
89.0
88.3
89.7
90.8
90.1
93.3
94.0
94.8
93.9
90.8
92.5
92.1
91.3
91.0
91.7
90.3
93.9
93.2
93.8
93.2
94.5
92.3
91.1
92.6
95.3
92.5
88.9
88.3
85.2
89.5
91.7
92.9
94.0
93.1
90.7
91.4
87.8
89.8
94.3
90.8
93.6
94.0
92.8
92.5
88.1
88.8
91.6
88.6
91.4
92.5
90.3
94.6
93.1
92.1
92.1
87.6
89.1
87.3
90.7
94.6
88.6
88.5
89.7
76.3
78.1
80.6
82.4
85.5
85.2
85.7
87.5
88.0
90.0
89.7
90.3
93.3
94.3
95.4
94.5
92.4
92.8
90.5
89.4
90.5
92.7
91.9
93.9
93.9
93.8
93.8
94.9
90.3
92.5
92.9
93.8
93.2
89.0
89.8
62.1
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
78.2
78.7
80.5
81.0
79.9
81.1
67.5
69.4
70.3
72.1
73.3
74.6
75.1
76.1
76.7
77.7
78.3
79.3
81.0
82.0
83.0
82.9
82.2
83.2
82.9
82.9
81.5
82.4
83.0
84.5
86.9
87.8
89.0
88.2
86.9
88.5
88.7
90.8
92.3
90.2
89.4
58.3
58.3
59.9
61.1
61.5
62.0
63.0
63.9
66.1
68.5
68.3
69.6
70.7
71.9
73.0
72.6
72.6
73.3
74.0
73.6
71.7
71.6
72.5
75.2
76.1
75.6
75.5
77.2
76.5
74.5
77.4
79.9
78.5
78.1
80.2
56.8
56.9
56.8
60.1
59.5
59.4
59.7
60.9
62.3
61.7
62.7
63.8
65.0
65.8
67.4
67.1
67.7
68.9
69.4
70.5
70.0
73.2
73.5
74.6
73.0
72.9
75.5
73.5
74.5
74.9
73.6
76.5
76.0
75.1
76.6
60.6
59.4
58.9
61.4
61.8
61.5
61.0
61.2
62.2
62.3
63.9
63.7
64.5
64.9
67.4
66.0
64.7
65.3
64.7
68.1
67.9
69.1
70.5
71.6
72.7
73.0
74.7
72.9
72.8
75.4
75.3
75.2
75.1
76.2
77.1
77.6
76.4
71.1
70.3
68.8
66.8
65.9
71.5
68.7
70.9
74.3
74.4
68.3
77.9
74.3
76.2
80.0
70.0
77.0
72.6
78.7
75.1
69.0
73.8
71.1
74.6
76.4
77.5
77.8
74.8
76.1
75.7
80.9
77.6
73.7
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The women’s-to-men’s
earnings ratios shown here are calculated from the current-dollar median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in table 22.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov35 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 13. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for full-time
wage and salary workers, 1979-2013
Year
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
ethnicity
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
62.3
64.2
64.4
65.7
66.5
67.6
68.1
69.5
69.8
70.2
70.1
71.9
74.2
75.8
77.1
76.4
75.5
75.0
74.4
76.3
76.5
76.9
76.4
77.9
79.4
80.4
81.0
80.8
80.2
79.9
80.2
81.2
82.2
80.9
82.1
61.7
63.4
63.1
64.5
65.6
66.8
67.2
67.9
68.2
68.4
69.3
71.5
73.7
75.3
76.5
74.6
73.3
73.8
74.6
76.1
75.7
75.8
75.8
77.9
79.3
79.8
80.2
80.0
79.4
79.3
79.2
80.5
82.1
80.8
81.7
74.4
75.8
76.9
78.1
78.9
79.5
82.6
82.8
84.4
82.8
86.5
85.3
86.1
88.2
88.8
86.5
86.4
87.9
86.8
85.5
83.8
84.1
85.8
90.3
88.5
88.8
89.3
87.8
88.8
89.4
93.7
93.5
91.1
90.1
91.3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
79.9
76.9
74.9
77.5
76.4
80.6
79.3
78.1
78.0
81.8
82.6
77.4
73.0
77.3
71.7
73.5
75.7
75.5
78.5
77.7
77.7
80.6
82.0
84.4
85.4
87.4
90.4
89.1
90.5
88.9
87.1
88.8
85.7
86.4
85.7
87.8
88.2
88.0
88.4
87.3
87.7
87.1
91.0
89.6
89.5
90.7
90.7
88.0
91.1
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The women’s-to-men’s
earnings ratios shown here are calculated from the current-dollar median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers in table 23. As of
2003, estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people
who selected more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they
identified as the main race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for
Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Dash indicates data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
36
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 14. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s, by educational attainment, for full-time wage and salary
workers 25 years and older, 1979-2013
Year
Total, 25
years and
older
Less than a
high school
diploma
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
62.1
62.8
62.6
64.9
65.8
67.1
66.8
66.5
67.3
68.8
70.2
72.1
74.0
74.6
74.8
73.1
72.8
74.1
75.1
75.9
74.4
74.5
75.4
77.6
78.5
78.6
79.4
78.7
78.5
78.2
78.7
80.5
81.0
79.9
81.1
60.3
61.4
61.2
62.8
64.8
64.9
64.3
64.8
66.0
66.6
66.8
68.8
71.6
72.9
73.9
75.1
75.5
75.1
75.3
73.9
73.4
74.9
75.4
77.2
76.7
74.9
74.9
76.3
76.7
76.1
76.4
79.8
80.9
76.0
80.0
High school Some college
graduates, no or associate
college
degree
60.1
61.5
61.0
63.1
63.4
64.9
65.8
66.6
68.1
68.2
67.6
68.6
69.8
70.4
71.3
70.8
70.2
70.7
70.7
70.8
69.8
71.1
72.7
74.2
75.5
75.7
75.6
73.7
74.3
73.3
75.7
76.5
76.9
76.3
78.3
64.1
64.5
65.6
66.7
68.2
68.4
67.2
68.0
69.8
71.6
73.3
72.9
72.6
73.3
73.8
72.1
71.6
73.2
73.9
74.0
73.4
73.1
71.9
74.3
75.7
75.8
76.6
75.6
75.2
75.7
75.4
75.5
76.8
76.9
76.6
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
66.7
67.9
66.9
68.8
71.2
69.4
70.2
70.6
71.4
71.4
71.9
72.2
73.6
75.1
75.8
76.8
76.2
75.2
75.0
75.3
75.7
74.1
73.7
74.2
73.6
75.2
75.7
75.1
75.0
74.3
73.1
74.1
74.9
73.0
74.8
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The women’s-to-men’s
earnings ratios shown here are calculated from the current-dollar median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and
older in table 24.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov37 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 15. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s, by age, for wage and salary workers paid hourly rates,
1979-2013
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64.1
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
85.4
85.5
86.0
86.8
86.4
86.6
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
81.8
84.1
86.1
86.3
87.2
86.0
85.7
85.8
85.9
89.1
90.7
91.0
91.0
91.3
91.7
90.5
90.9
92.1
92.2
90.3
92.7
91.7
90.5
92.5
93.2
93.9
92.6
90.9
89.3
91.2
93.1
93.6
94.6
93.0
92.3
95.0
93.2
96.7
97.0
96.7
96.5
96.3
95.5
93.9
94.4
93.4
93.8
97.9
97.7
97.1
97.0
96.1
97.0
96.6
96.7
96.8
93.8
95.8
96.9
97.6
95.9
96.0
95.7
95.4
96.6
97.1
97.8
97.5
97.9
96.7
75.9
77.0
80.0
81.8
84.4
84.5
87.2
86.7
86.1
87.2
86.9
90.1
91.7
92.5
94.2
91.2
89.3
89.6
91.2
89.1
89.9
93.0
89.7
91.3
91.0
91.7
92.4
90.5
90.4
91.6
92.0
91.7
92.5
92.0
94.0
58.3
58.7
60.3
62.1
62.9
63.7
64.7
66.0
67.2
68.7
69.8
71.8
73.5
76.0
77.3
78.2
76.1
78.2
78.8
77.9
79.4
80.8
79.2
82.1
83.1
81.7
83.2
83.2
81.7
83.0
84.7
85.6
86.7
86.8
87.5
63.3
64.1
66.7
67.7
70.3
71.1
72.4
74.1
74.3
75.6
78.0
79.4
80.4
82.6
83.6
85.5
83.7
83.1
82.7
86.1
83.9
88.3
85.8
85.1
87.5
88.3
89.2
87.6
87.4
87.0
90.6
91.9
92.0
91.5
91.1
55.8
54.9
57.5
57.1
57.6
59.0
60.3
61.4
62.9
66.1
67.0
68.7
70.4
73.1
73.1
73.4
72.6
74.6
75.7
77.4
76.9
76.3
75.0
78.7
79.1
78.4
79.6
80.0
81.5
80.5
80.7
82.9
83.8
83.9
84.9
54.1
54.4
54.1
55.7
56.7
56.9
57.8
59.0
61.3
61.6
63.4
64.3
65.0
66.1
67.3
69.9
70.8
72.1
72.3
75.0
72.7
73.2
76.1
77.6
79.0
79.1
80.2
76.4
79.6
78.2
77.0
79.9
81.5
81.2
81.2
56.9
56.4
56.2
59.0
58.0
59.5
60.4
60.3
62.0
62.4
63.8
66.2
68.9
69.3
69.0
70.7
71.4
72.4
70.5
72.4
76.4
76.8
80.2
80.8
78.4
79.6
80.2
80.6
79.2
81.8
84.5
83.2
82.2
83.1
84.1
87.6
89.2
88.1
88.1
87.6
89.0
88.8
91.3
91.2
92.8
87.1
89.6
92.6
92.6
92.1
94.0
94.2
91.6
98.1
93.2
95.4
94.7
90.4
89.3
90.3
92.5
97.8
93.0
92.2
91.6
92.6
93.8
91.5
90.9
94.9
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information on historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The women’s-to-men’s
earnings ratios shown here are calculated from the current-dollar median hourly earnings of workers paid hourly rates in table 25.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
38
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 16. Women’s earnings as a percentage of men’s, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for wage and
salary workers paid hourly rates, 1979-2013
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
64.1
64.8
65.1
67.3
69.4
69.8
70.0
70.2
72.1
73.8
75.4
77.9
78.6
80.3
80.4
80.6
80.8
81.2
80.8
81.8
83.8
83.8
85.2
85.0
84.8
84.6
84.8
84.0
84.8
85.4
85.5
86.0
86.8
86.4
86.6
62.5
63.6
63.8
66.0
68.0
68.6
67.8
68.8
70.9
72.7
74.0
75.6
76.6
78.6
78.9
79.7
78.4
79.6
80.3
81.8
82.3
83.0
83.8
83.8
84.0
84.0
84.2
83.6
83.7
84.5
84.8
85.0
85.9
85.3
85.7
72.6
74.9
72.1
75.2
79.2
79.1
82.0
78.7
80.1
80.8
83.2
84.5
86.5
87.1
89.6
87.5
87.3
88.0
87.5
86.9
83.2
88.8
89.9
92.3
91.7
91.3
91.1
88.5
90.3
89.9
89.7
92.1
93.5
92.0
94.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
90.5
85.1
91.7
89.8
88.8
91.3
90.7
89.5
87.3
90.4
88.0
89.8
90.1
91.6
71.8
75.1
76.4
75.6
76.1
77.0
79.4
80.8
80.2
81.1
83.0
86.1
86.9
88.3
88.6
89.3
90.9
88.8
86.3
87.6
86.6
87.3
85.6
86.1
88.5
90.2
90.1
87.6
88.5
85.1
84.6
86.2
86.8
85.4
87.5
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The women’s-to-men’s
earnings ratios shown here are calculated from the current-dollar median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates in table 26. As
of 2003, estimates for the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people
who selected more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they
identified as the main race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for
Asians were not tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics.
Dash indicates data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov39 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 17. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by age, for full-time wage and salary workers,
1979-2013 annual averages
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
Total
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$722
704
698
701
696
697
711
728
733
728
724
712
710
715
729
726
727
725
728
746
768
779
784
788
785
787
777
775
781
781
802
798
783
779
776
$515
503
491
483
469
464
463
471
476
471
470
465
462
449
448
445
443
441
443
455
477
488
493
494
490
481
474
472
476
479
480
462
455
450
454
$431
414
396
381
364
361
360
361
365
371
370
361
355
345
340
344
351
355
365
382
393
402
401
395
394
381
379
374
379
378
374
371
364
361
373
$557
538
523
510
496
494
496
503
508
503
501
492
485
472
471
467
464
462
465
484
508
518
518
517
509
501
490
488
506
505
504
485
473
471
472
$793
769
757
759
762
774
783
793
790
783
775
775
778
779
779
778
774
769
781
816
828
824
829
837
838
842
831
829
829
824
840
835
825
827
827
$763
742
727
722
713
716
721
730
731
724
715
703
692
686
692
683
684
685
696
716
724
743
758
766
752
745
728
717
722
721
736
729
717
717
708
$838
812
801
821
822
831
839
850
853
851
857
839
830
818
821
835
835
827
838
852
855
846
864
865
870
879
872
864
864
870
887
880
866
870
874
$826
801
786
800
816
823
826
844
841
856
857
845
845
849
860
880
883
879
878
884
912
905
912
915
915
916
893
893
888
890
910
902
896
890
883
$784
766
759
754
769
782
787
805
794
792
782
789
782
785
781
779
780
791
808
845
845
839
839
873
896
894
885
883
902
893
913
919
912
910
904
$593
546
545
587
580
581
614
604
608
611
606
592
635
615
624
597
590
568
569
578
565
627
642
650
653
691
679
673
680
697
743
731
768
768
801
$545
540
538
555
560
566
572
590
594
595
595
598
610
618
624
621
616
$461
449
442
445
440
434
436
444
445
444
446
439
443
434
433
429
417
$395
390
378
367
351
346
343
345
337
348
358
342
342
333
325
328
326
$482
470
469
466
460
455
457
469
475
474
472
465
467
455
459
451
442
$584
573
572
592
596
605
612
625
629
633
637
637
645
650
659
655
649
$596
586
587
599
604
609
612
621
620
618
617
615
618
621
627
617
612
$587
575
585
599
604
624
634
647
661
669
672
674
678
680
690
697
687
$575
562
553
585
587
596
603
625
635
641
648
651
663
678
698
700
704
$566
551
545
568
571
577
589
600
604
599
604
601
605
611
627
619
612
$509
470
464
490
471
468
500
519
512
529
530
518
532
533
532
523
536
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 17. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by age, for full-time wage and salary workers,
1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
618
624
650
662
667
674
685
699
707
698
693
690
690
713
715
708
701
706
420
423
435
453
465
464
475
470
462
455
456
460
455
460
451
436
422
423
330
347
355
372
383
379
382
378
361
363
352
357
348
351
359
340
335
350
441
443
455
480
495
493
499
490
482
473
477
479
482
483
469
453
435
442
657
669
692
695
698
714
736
739
739
730
724
726
725
746
752
743
737
740
614
618
643
657
667
674
687
691
692
684
673
671
674
688
692
685
675
665
685
698
710
703
705
720
740
747
750
741
745
751
738
770
781
760
758
767
712
716
736
747
763
772
780
771
771
768
761
761
765
773
780
770
757
761
621
627
679
688
687
705
744
761
758
763
760
763
769
789
786
775
777
779
494
504
499
517
530
513
557
551
589
587
589
600
609
654
642
687
676
691
$874
841
835
845
842
838
841
850
851
849
849
831
822
815
810
812
816
824
838
853
864
867
882
880
880
879
862
858
861
864
889
880
861
866
860
$587
559
536
522
496
494
498
499
504
495
492
487
475
462
457
457
460
454
459
476
498
507
514
506
504
493
488
483
498
499
497
473
471
475
479
$464
435
413
394
373
372
378
377
384
388
379
377
365
354
351
355
370
371
379
401
407
414
420
404
406
392
394
402
401
399
387
379
383
378
390
$632
602
582
566
538
534
533
535
539
527
526
515
500
483
481
477
478
475
489
509
530
535
537
531
522
514
504
502
530
521
520
500
487
489
492
$940
911
914
912
904
902
915
939
935
921
907
884
872
872
881
896
892
886
890
912
934
938
947
948
942
940
920
920
925
927
948
934
917
923
912
$883
844
835
831
824
816
814
815
808
796
788
775
763
758
756
745
744
738
745
776
807
809
812
812
795
788
768
763
772
762
776
763
742
748
744
$1,006
987
975
979
982
1,006
1,006
1,012
1,000
977
984
967
960
945
946
960
947
935
942
966
982
985
992
983
981
991
981
965
981
990
995
978
968
971
956
$1,012
987
973
972
987
1,004
1,010
1,026
1,020
1,038
1,033
1,021
1,020
1,031
1,037
1,044
1,039
1,033
1,032
1,044
1,067
1,043
1,051
1,045
1,056
1,057
1,018
1,036
1,021
1,022
1,050
1,019
1,013
1,008
994
$934
927
926
926
924
938
965
982
971
962
946
943
938
941
930
938
945
951
968
997
1,014
995
1,000
1,039
1,047
1,039
1,020
1,042
1,048
1,021
1,048
1,046
1,032
1,019
1,011
$656
616
654
696
684
701
758
726
745
747
713
696
778
685
716
686
669
706
654
688
657
706
743
755
775
790
768
760
771
815
859
848
850
872
937
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov41 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The Consumer Price
Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars. See the technical
notes section.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
42
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 18. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for
full-time wage and salary workers, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Total, 16
years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$722
704
698
701
696
697
711
728
733
728
724
712
710
715
729
726
727
725
728
746
768
779
784
788
785
787
777
775
781
781
802
798
783
779
776
$743
723
715
719
711
718
736
753
753
747
742
732
737
745
754
753
750
749
751
777
801
798
803
807
805
810
802
797
804
803
822
817
802
803
802
$596
570
577
568
580
575
572
590
590
594
579
568
580
580
586
577
581
572
579
608
622
641
646
645
651
647
621
640
639
637
653
653
637
630
629
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$832
841
852
877
873
899
905
933
932
955
913
896
933
942
$581
562
548
557
556
553
558
562
559
548
541
525
520
522
525
504
499
501
508
528
538
540
549
549
557
562
562
561
565
573
587
572
568
576
578
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
$545
540
538
555
560
566
572
590
594
595
595
598
610
618
624
621
616
618
$551
546
543
561
564
573
581
596
602
601
606
610
622
629
637
635
630
633
$506
497
506
503
516
515
521
535
541
544
546
532
538
545
552
538
539
536
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$470
462
467
471
478
476
475
489
492
491
488
480
487
491
497
474
463
467
Year
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov43 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 18. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for
full-time wage and salary workers, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
Total, 16
years and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
624
650
662
667
674
685
699
707
698
693
690
690
713
715
708
701
706
643
668
676
679
687
709
718
720
711
703
703
708
726
731
728
720
722
543
571
572
581
597
613
622
623
595
599
599
600
632
632
616
608
606
–
–
–
$740
741
733
757
756
794
807
821
815
846
826
777
781
819
460
481
487
495
511
514
519
517
512
508
531
542
553
543
536
528
541
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$874
841
835
845
842
838
841
850
851
849
849
831
822
815
810
812
816
824
838
853
864
867
882
880
880
879
862
858
861
864
889
880
861
866
860
$892
860
860
870
860
857
864
878
882
879
875
853
843
836
832
851
859
858
861
877
892
896
907
909
905
903
887
879
885
893
917
908
886
891
884
$680
656
658
645
653
647
630
647
641
658
632
623
625
618
622
622
624
609
625
668
683
690
696
679
703
702
667
682
674
671
674
676
676
674
664
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$927
963
979
977
989
984
1,018
1,052
1,045
1,034
1,000
1,004
1,070
1,059
$656
629
617
624
609
613
612
606
600
582
572
549
538
551
549
533
531
527
537
556
568
564
579
584
587
592
584
583
584
605
618
598
591
600
594
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. As of 2003, estimates for
the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people who selected more
than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main
44
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for Asians were not
tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics. The Consumer
Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars. See the
technical notes section. Dash indicates data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov45 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 19. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by educational attainment, for full-time wage and
salary workers 25 years and older, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
46
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High school
graduates, no
college
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
$793
769
757
759
762
774
783
793
790
783
775
775
778
779
779
778
774
769
781
816
828
824
829
837
838
842
831
829
829
824
840
835
825
827
827
$629
597
590
575
569
562
558
564
557
544
539
523
512
506
498
477
469
469
465
481
484
490
503
503
501
494
488
484
481
490
493
474
467
478
472
$746
715
703
701
691
690
688
698
698
696
681
667
662
655
659
655
656
655
667
683
685
683
684
693
701
708
696
687
679
669
680
669
660
661
651
$844
817
796
814
807
816
824
830
825
813
820
822
815
787
784
776
771
766
774
796
811
806
812
815
809
815
800
799
791
781
788
784
765
760
748
$1,030
1,011
1,000
1,016
1,024
1,038
1,045
1,065
1,106
1,106
1,105
1,102
1,110
1,132
1,135
1,140
1,134
1,121
1,127
1,171
1,203
1,206
1,212
1,219
1,220
1,216
1,209
1,200
1,204
1,207
1,235
1,222
1,190
1,182
1,194
$584
573
572
592
596
605
612
625
629
633
637
637
645
650
659
655
649
657
$455
441
430
427
433
427
417
422
420
418
419
415
417
416
417
400
398
396
$554
540
533
548
547
553
554
562
565
563
552
544
547
548
551
546
540
540
$632
621
627
636
640
652
655
669
680
681
688
682
682
662
670
658
648
654
$790
780
781
803
820
833
855
884
914
917
920
924
937
966
970
986
977
972
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 19. Inflation-adjusted median usual weekly earnings, by educational attainment, for full-time wage and
salary workers 25 years and older, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Total,
25 years
and older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High school
graduates, no
college
Some
college or
associate
degree
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
669
692
695
698
714
736
739
739
730
724
726
725
746
752
743
737
740
398
404
406
411
416
421
416
412
407
413
415
409
415
415
409
391
400
547
565
566
568
583
593
600
602
588
577
575
563
588
580
573
569
573
664
679
683
683
684
703
709
711
700
695
684
680
684
682
668
668
657
973
1,009
1,035
1,023
1,034
1,048
1,053
1,060
1,054
1,045
1,047
1,034
1,053
1,053
1,033
1,015
1,043
$940
911
914
912
904
902
915
939
935
921
907
884
872
872
881
896
892
886
890
912
934
938
947
948
942
940
920
920
925
927
948
934
917
923
912
$754
718
703
680
669
658
649
651
635
628
628
603
582
571
565
532
527
528
528
546
552
549
551
545
543
550
543
542
540
538
543
519
505
515
500
$922
879
875
868
862
853
841
844
829
826
817
793
783
779
773
771
769
763
774
797
811
800
801
799
795
795
778
783
774
767
777
759
745
745
732
$985
962
956
954
938
953
975
984
975
951
938
936
938
902
908
913
904
893
899
917
930
935
951
947
937
938
914
919
910
898
907
903
870
869
858
$1,186
1,148
1,167
1,167
1,151
1,201
1,219
1,254
1,280
1,284
1,279
1,280
1,273
1,286
1,279
1,285
1,282
1,293
1,297
1,340
1,366
1,380
1,404
1,412
1,432
1,409
1,393
1,391
1,397
1,391
1,441
1,421
1,379
1,390
1,395
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The Consumer Price
Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars. See the technical
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov47 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
notes section.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
48
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 20. Inflation-adjusted median hourly earnings, by age, for wage and salary workers paid hourly rates,
1979-2013 annual averages
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
Total
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$13.29
12.96
12.65
12.53
12.42
12.46
12.46
12.58
12.69
12.72
12.69
12.49
12.50
12.55
12.49
12.46
12.40
12.43
12.66
12.98
13.33
13.41
13.41
13.56
13.73
13.56
13.35
13.58
13.43
13.24
13.51
13.35
13.16
12.98
12.93
$10.45
9.97
9.75
9.40
9.07
8.93
8.80
8.95
9.00
9.05
8.98
8.91
8.77
8.73
8.75
8.74
8.80
8.79
8.90
9.39
9.61
9.80
10.12
10.12
10.00
9.84
9.63
9.52
9.72
9.60
9.66
9.51
9.29
9.18
9.16
$9.28
8.66
8.80
8.35
8.02
7.80
7.58
7.53
7.47
7.62
7.66
7.75
7.82
7.69
7.62
7.64
7.65
7.65
7.97
8.39
8.50
8.67
8.89
8.95
8.77
8.63
8.41
8.35
8.51
8.48
8.60
8.55
8.34
8.22
8.19
$12.04
11.53
11.33
10.81
10.42
10.30
10.21
10.26
10.22
10.17
10.25
10.21
10.00
9.80
9.76
9.67
9.74
9.90
10.00
10.33
10.83
10.92
11.03
10.97
10.96
10.83
10.63
10.58
10.85
10.56
10.61
10.18
9.95
9.84
9.83
$15.30
14.92
14.72
14.57
14.56
14.62
14.57
14.67
14.63
14.63
14.41
14.09
14.13
14.20
14.21
14.18
14.20
14.23
14.28
14.45
14.64
14.72
15.00
15.32
15.25
15.08
14.89
14.94
14.79
14.95
15.10
14.94
14.62
14.45
14.50
$15.57
15.22
14.96
14.73
14.44
14.47
14.30
14.22
14.10
14.05
13.87
13.64
13.40
13.28
13.13
13.03
13.22
13.05
13.08
13.77
13.96
13.78
14.04
14.22
14.24
14.02
14.03
13.80
13.54
13.53
13.68
13.39
13.16
13.00
12.88
$15.84
15.48
15.23
15.34
15.36
15.32
15.48
15.80
15.57
15.44
15.54
15.23
15.28
15.25
15.25
15.43
15.20
15.00
14.99
15.49
15.41
15.36
15.75
15.78
15.77
15.89
15.64
15.58
15.65
15.56
15.84
15.61
15.35
15.07
14.98
$15.45
15.19
14.77
14.90
14.96
15.13
15.23
15.68
15.41
15.43
15.28
15.18
15.18
15.48
15.65
15.58
15.37
15.15
15.34
15.63
15.85
15.99
16.01
16.14
16.42
16.31
16.09
16.20
16.17
16.09
16.12
16.00
15.53
15.28
15.17
$14.88
14.49
14.28
14.18
14.24
14.15
14.28
14.54
14.55
14.14
14.19
13.85
13.65
13.79
14.13
14.03
13.96
13.89
14.08
14.38
14.52
14.64
14.96
15.35
15.43
15.51
15.45
15.39
15.40
15.37
15.96
15.91
15.60
15.61
15.62
$9.67
9.57
9.63
9.56
9.78
9.89
9.79
10.08
9.96
9.89
9.84
9.93
9.90
9.98
10.14
9.94
10.09
10.01
9.97
10.56
10.77
10.89
11.22
11.75
11.63
11.86
11.85
11.72
11.65
11.79
12.48
12.34
12.62
12.38
12.47
$10.84
10.62
10.52
10.70
10.67
10.62
10.60
10.81
10.98
11.04
11.09
11.12
11.25
11.32
11.30
11.28
11.32
$9.55
9.27
9.12
8.77
8.49
8.40
8.29
8.34
8.27
8.47
8.51
8.55
8.47
8.39
8.37
8.27
8.33
$9.07
8.44
8.65
8.24
7.89
7.67
7.46
7.40
7.27
7.39
7.44
7.51
7.73
7.63
7.51
7.51
7.50
$10.54
10.19
10.05
9.72
9.47
9.32
9.42
9.55
9.59
9.55
9.49
9.62
9.52
9.38
9.46
9.30
9.24
$11.68
11.40
11.52
11.65
11.62
11.71
11.84
12.07
12.08
12.17
12.30
12.21
12.23
12.44
12.49
12.52
12.40
$12.10
11.94
12.01
12.04
12.09
11.97
11.96
12.07
12.04
12.02
12.12
12.11
11.98
12.11
12.08
12.10
12.02
$11.89
11.53
11.72
11.79
11.80
11.99
12.21
12.43
12.45
12.78
12.89
12.73
12.88
12.99
12.95
13.13
13.10
$11.50
11.37
11.28
11.48
11.53
11.77
11.90
12.15
12.31
12.46
12.52
12.37
12.68
12.91
12.98
13.16
13.23
$11.23
10.97
10.88
11.14
11.27
11.26
11.28
11.66
11.82
11.49
11.58
11.62
11.58
11.71
12.00
12.16
12.03
$9.34
9.09
9.12
9.12
9.24
9.34
9.15
9.59
9.51
9.68
9.33
9.41
9.60
9.71
9.81
9.70
9.79
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov49 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 20. Inflation-adjusted median hourly earnings, by age, for wage and salary workers paid hourly rates,
1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
Total
25 years and older
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
11.43
11.49
11.74
12.08
12.26
12.68
12.81
12.76
12.54
12.30
12.30
12.34
12.44
12.77
12.64
12.40
12.16
12.12
8.40
8.61
8.90
9.23
9.47
9.54
9.65
9.61
9.51
9.31
9.23
9.16
9.12
9.32
9.21
9.04
8.90
8.93
7.53
7.84
8.25
8.36
8.43
8.70
8.81
8.67
8.46
8.26
8.21
8.33
8.34
8.49
8.45
8.24
8.13
8.09
9.26
9.48
9.89
10.10
10.55
10.53
10.51
10.37
10.26
10.14
10.18
10.11
9.91
9.98
9.70
9.48
9.30
9.40
12.47
12.66
13.02
13.33
13.38
13.42
13.87
13.94
13.85
13.82
13.71
13.54
13.51
13.85
13.76
13.56
13.36
13.36
11.92
11.87
12.55
12.73
13.11
13.08
13.11
13.30
13.09
12.96
12.78
12.60
12.68
12.99
12.86
12.55
12.32
12.23
13.15
13.23
13.78
13.75
13.57
13.74
14.22
14.14
14.12
14.13
13.91
13.89
13.95
14.12
14.02
13.91
13.65
13.77
13.22
13.40
13.95
13.92
13.78
14.28
14.48
14.92
14.73
14.47
14.16
14.44
14.24
14.21
14.42
14.24
14.00
13.94
11.94
12.03
12.62
13.05
13.32
13.67
14.00
13.99
14.27
14.15
14.00
13.74
14.07
14.76
14.62
14.52
14.56
14.53
9.54
9.88
10.29
10.49
10.65
10.71
11.31
11.19
11.29
11.72
11.51
11.40
11.40
12.06
11.94
12.17
12.01
12.22
$16.92
16.40
16.14
15.89
15.38
15.21
15.14
15.40
15.24
14.95
14.70
14.28
14.32
14.10
14.06
14.00
14.01
14.08
14.23
14.35
14.42
14.63
14.89
15.08
15.05
14.82
14.51
14.64
14.55
14.57
14.94
14.70
14.29
14.08
14.00
$11.68
11.02
10.59
10.16
9.73
9.76
9.67
9.72
9.63
9.51
9.38
9.40
9.30
9.19
9.13
9.14
9.17
9.13
9.33
9.86
9.96
10.32
10.54
10.43
10.30
10.12
10.05
10.15
10.26
10.00
10.01
9.84
9.55
9.57
9.67
$9.55
9.06
8.94
8.49
8.16
7.95
7.75
7.75
7.75
7.83
7.97
8.01
7.90
7.80
7.73
7.74
7.80
7.77
8.12
8.53
8.64
8.99
9.08
9.09
8.89
8.82
8.60
8.58
8.73
8.64
8.74
8.64
8.45
8.31
8.37
$13.89
13.23
12.56
11.88
11.22
11.03
10.81
11.01
11.14
10.95
10.93
10.67
10.38
10.15
10.05
10.20
10.35
10.34
10.39
11.10
11.23
11.35
11.74
11.50
11.39
11.18
10.98
11.26
11.19
10.82
10.85
10.58
10.25
10.11
10.00
$20.03
19.41
19.12
18.75
18.47
18.38
18.29
18.30
17.96
17.73
17.62
16.99
16.63
16.36
16.16
16.00
16.28
15.95
16.06
16.72
16.78
16.56
16.95
16.90
16.77
16.94
16.60
16.48
16.57
16.27
16.36
16.07
15.64
15.39
15.27
$19.10
18.63
18.01
17.80
17.20
16.84
16.53
16.29
16.20
15.90
15.54
15.25
14.90
14.67
14.44
14.15
14.36
14.35
14.36
14.58
15.16
14.84
15.24
15.40
15.20
14.83
14.52
14.58
14.42
14.58
14.33
14.00
13.64
13.47
13.42
$21.32
20.99
20.39
20.63
20.49
20.32
20.25
20.26
19.80
19.32
19.22
18.53
18.30
17.77
17.71
17.88
18.04
17.62
17.47
17.80
17.87
17.78
18.32
18.08
17.89
18.00
17.76
17.39
17.04
17.34
17.48
16.91
16.59
16.28
16.21
$21.26
20.91
20.86
20.60
20.36
20.71
20.60
20.59
20.08
20.21
19.75
19.22
19.52
19.54
19.29
18.82
18.69
18.34
18.52
18.60
19.13
18.81
18.75
18.65
18.90
18.63
18.05
18.52
18.15
18.20
18.45
18.04
17.47
17.23
17.17
$19.73
19.46
19.36
18.89
19.42
18.93
18.68
19.35
19.06
18.41
18.15
17.56
16.80
16.89
17.40
17.20
16.86
16.49
17.06
17.43
17.08
17.33
17.04
17.33
17.84
17.93
17.65
17.37
17.36
17.21
17.47
17.57
17.67
17.53
17.28
$10.66
10.19
10.34
10.35
10.56
10.49
10.31
10.51
10.43
10.43
10.71
10.50
10.37
10.49
10.65
10.33
10.39
10.41
10.07
11.04
10.99
11.24
11.84
12.67
12.39
12.21
11.98
12.38
12.37
12.45
13.03
12.74
13.30
13.22
12.88
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
50
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. The Consumer Price
Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars. See the technical
notes section.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov51 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 21. Inflation-adjusted median hourly earnings, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for wage and
salary workers paid hourly rates, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Total,
16 years
and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$13.29
12.96
12.65
12.53
12.42
12.46
12.46
12.58
12.69
12.72
12.69
12.49
12.50
12.55
12.49
12.46
12.40
12.43
12.66
12.98
13.33
13.41
13.41
13.56
13.73
13.56
13.35
13.58
13.43
13.24
13.51
13.35
13.16
12.98
12.93
$13.50
13.12
12.73
12.69
12.58
12.61
12.60
12.74
12.86
12.87
12.85
12.66
12.68
12.72
12.65
12.61
12.63
12.68
12.85
13.15
13.62
13.48
13.50
13.87
13.89
13.72
13.70
13.70
13.57
13.57
13.75
13.61
13.36
13.23
13.15
$12.31
11.94
12.04
11.74
11.44
11.45
11.36
11.76
11.75
11.63
11.67
11.76
11.67
11.48
11.40
11.34
11.62
11.48
11.59
11.97
12.38
12.64
12.87
12.86
12.85
12.56
12.14
12.31
12.24
12.12
12.64
12.57
12.20
12.01
11.90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$13.63
14.14
13.42
14.08
13.69
14.33
14.47
13.73
14.08
14.29
14.12
13.82
13.42
13.62
$12.22
11.94
11.82
11.62
11.31
11.26
11.30
11.46
11.41
11.25
11.02
10.85
10.77
10.81
10.84
10.78
10.62
10.61
10.69
11.30
11.29
11.56
11.92
11.94
12.35
12.10
11.87
11.69
11.51
11.87
11.99
11.62
11.44
11.28
11.25
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
$10.84
10.62
10.52
10.70
10.67
10.62
10.60
10.81
10.98
11.04
11.09
11.12
11.25
11.32
11.30
11.28
11.32
$10.84
10.65
10.52
10.70
10.69
10.64
10.62
10.85
11.02
11.08
11.13
11.16
11.27
11.37
11.37
11.42
11.44
$10.63
10.43
10.29
10.42
10.49
10.41
10.41
10.49
10.59
10.60
10.67
10.76
10.92
10.80
10.90
10.78
10.80
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$10.30
10.16
10.07
10.05
9.82
9.94
9.96
10.14
10.02
9.98
10.04
10.02
9.97
10.03
10.02
9.95
10.02
Year
52
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 21. Inflation-adjusted median hourly earnings, by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, for wage and
salary workers paid hourly rates, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In constant 2013 dollars]
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
11.43
11.49
11.74
12.08
12.26
12.68
12.81
12.76
12.54
12.30
12.30
12.34
12.44
12.77
12.64
12.40
12.16
12.12
11.52
11.58
11.88
12.21
12.30
12.80
12.88
12.80
12.59
12.53
12.44
12.43
12.66
12.84
12.69
12.47
12.25
12.21
10.65
10.98
11.27
11.37
11.99
12.04
12.24
12.54
12.24
11.85
11.67
11.74
11.67
11.95
11.97
11.68
11.39
11.54
–
–
–
–
$13.22
13.25
13.08
13.52
13.03
13.89
13.80
13.29
13.26
13.76
13.26
13.25
12.93
13.04
10.01
9.87
10.30
10.43
10.68
10.89
11.06
11.24
11.15
10.95
10.97
11.01
10.90
10.96
10.80
10.61
10.35
10.49
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$16.92
16.40
16.14
15.89
15.38
15.21
15.14
15.40
15.24
14.95
14.70
14.28
14.32
14.10
14.06
14.00
14.01
14.08
14.23
14.35
14.42
14.63
14.89
15.08
15.05
14.82
14.51
14.64
14.55
14.57
14.94
14.70
14.29
14.08
14.00
$17.34
16.75
16.49
16.19
15.71
15.51
15.66
15.78
15.55
15.24
15.03
14.77
14.70
14.46
14.40
14.32
14.60
14.48
14.41
14.52
14.84
14.82
15.28
15.36
15.23
14.99
14.88
14.87
14.85
14.99
15.15
14.93
14.51
14.37
14.24
$14.64
13.92
14.28
13.85
13.24
13.16
12.71
13.33
13.22
13.12
12.83
12.73
12.62
12.39
12.17
12.32
12.38
12.10
12.55
12.97
13.66
13.50
13.39
13.26
13.68
13.42
13.01
13.19
13.00
12.98
13.32
12.99
12.48
12.37
12.16
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$14.60
15.58
14.27
15.05
14.67
15.21
15.22
14.85
15.18
15.21
15.07
14.75
14.35
14.24
$14.34
13.52
13.19
13.29
12.91
12.91
12.54
12.56
12.49
12.31
12.09
11.64
11.47
11.37
11.30
11.15
11.02
11.27
11.43
11.75
12.04
12.23
12.72
12.85
12.70
12.36
12.16
12.52
12.44
12.80
12.94
12.53
12.23
12.13
11.99
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov53 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. As of 2003, estimates for
the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people who selected more
than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main
race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for Asians were not
tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics. The Consumer
Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS) is used to convert current dollars to constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars. See the
technical notes section. Dash indicates data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
54
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 22. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by age, 1979-2013 annual
averages
[In current dollars]
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
Total
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$241
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
722
739
747
756
768
776
$172
187
200
208
211
217
224
232
243
249
259
269
277
276
282
286
292
298
306
319
341
361
375
381
387
390
397
409
424
443
442
432
440
444
454
$144
154
161
164
164
169
174
178
186
196
204
209
213
212
214
221
231
240
252
268
281
297
305
305
311
309
318
324
337
349
344
347
352
356
373
$186
200
213
220
223
231
240
248
259
266
276
285
291
290
297
300
306
312
321
339
363
383
394
399
402
406
411
423
450
467
464
454
457
464
472
$265
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
761
774
782
797
815
827
$255
276
296
311
321
335
349
360
373
383
394
407
415
422
436
439
451
463
481
502
518
549
576
591
594
604
610
621
643
666
678
682
693
707
708
$280
302
326
354
370
389
406
419
435
450
472
486
498
503
517
537
550
559
579
597
611
625
657
668
687
713
731
748
769
804
817
824
837
858
874
$276
298
320
345
367
385
400
416
429
453
472
489
507
522
542
566
582
594
607
620
652
669
693
706
723
743
748
773
790
822
838
844
866
878
883
$262
285
309
325
346
366
381
397
405
419
431
457
469
483
492
501
514
535
558
592
604
620
638
674
708
725
742
765
803
825
841
860
881
897
904
$198
203
222
253
261
272
297
298
310
323
334
343
381
378
393
384
389
384
393
405
404
463
488
502
516
560
569
583
605
644
684
684
742
757
801
Women
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$182
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
346
366
380
393
399
406
$154
167
180
192
198
203
211
219
227
235
246
254
266
267
273
276
275
$132
145
154
158
158
162
166
170
172
184
197
198
205
205
205
211
215
$161
175
191
201
207
213
221
231
242
251
260
269
280
280
289
290
291
$195
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
369
387
400
415
421
428
$199
218
239
258
272
285
296
306
316
327
340
356
371
382
395
397
403
$196
214
238
258
272
292
307
319
337
354
370
390
407
418
435
448
453
$192
209
225
252
264
279
292
308
324
339
357
377
398
417
440
450
464
$189
205
222
245
257
270
285
296
308
317
333
348
363
376
395
398
403
$170
175
189
211
212
219
242
256
261
280
292
300
319
328
335
336
353
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov55 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 22. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by age, 1979-2013 annual
averages — Continued
[In current dollars]
Year
Total,
16 years
and
older
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
418
431
456
473
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
638
657
669
684
691
706
284
292
305
324
344
353
367
371
375
381
395
409
420
424
422
421
416
423
223
240
249
266
283
288
295
299
293
304
305
318
322
323
336
328
330
350
298
306
319
343
366
375
385
387
391
396
413
426
445
445
439
438
429
442
444
462
485
497
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
670
687
704
718
727
740
415
427
451
470
493
512
530
546
561
573
583
597
623
634
648
662
666
665
463
482
498
503
521
547
571
590
608
621
645
668
682
709
731
734
747
767
481
495
516
534
564
587
602
609
625
644
659
677
707
712
730
744
746
761
420
433
476
492
508
536
574
601
615
639
658
679
711
727
736
749
766
779
334
348
350
370
392
390
430
435
478
492
510
534
563
602
601
664
667
691
$292
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
798
819
824
832
854
860
$196
208
218
225
223
231
241
246
257
262
271
282
285
284
288
294
303
307
317
334
356
375
391
391
398
400
409
418
443
461
458
443
455
468
479
$155
162
168
170
168
174
183
186
196
205
209
218
219
218
221
228
244
251
262
281
291
306
319
312
321
318
330
348
357
369
356
355
370
373
390
$211
224
237
244
242
250
258
264
275
279
290
298
300
297
303
307
315
321
338
357
379
395
408
410
412
417
422
435
472
481
479
468
470
482
492
$314
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
857
873
874
886
910
912
$295
314
340
358
371
382
394
402
412
421
434
449
458
466
476
479
490
499
515
544
577
598
617
627
628
639
644
661
687
704
715
714
717
738
744
$336
367
397
422
442
471
487
499
510
517
542
560
576
581
596
617
624
632
651
677
702
728
754
759
775
804
822
836
873
915
916
915
935
957
956
$338
367
396
419
444
470
489
506
520
549
569
591
612
634
653
671
685
698
713
732
763
771
799
807
834
857
853
897
909
944
967
954
979
994
994
$312
345
377
399
416
439
467
484
495
509
521
546
563
579
586
603
623
643
669
699
725
735
760
802
827
843
855
902
933
943
965
979
997
1,005
1,011
$219
229
266
300
308
328
367
358
380
395
393
403
467
421
451
441
441
477
452
482
470
522
565
583
612
641
644
658
686
753
791
794
821
860
937
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
56
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov57 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 23. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by race and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In current dollars]
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
ethnicity
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$241
262
284
302
313
326
344
359
374
385
399
412
426
440
459
467
479
490
503
523
549
576
596
608
620
638
651
671
695
722
739
747
756
768
776
$248
269
291
310
320
336
356
371
384
395
409
424
442
458
475
484
494
506
519
545
573
590
610
623
636
657
672
690
716
742
757
765
775
792
802
$199
212
235
245
261
269
277
291
301
314
319
329
348
357
369
371
383
387
400
426
445
474
491
498
514
525
520
554
569
589
601
611
615
621
629
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$615
639
658
693
708
753
784
830
861
880
855
866
920
942
$194
209
223
240
250
259
270
277
285
290
298
304
312
321
331
324
329
339
351
370
385
399
417
424
440
456
471
486
503
529
541
535
549
568
578
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
$182
201
219
239
252
265
277
291
303
315
328
346
366
380
393
399
406
$184
203
221
242
254
268
281
294
307
318
334
353
373
387
401
408
415
$169
185
206
217
232
241
252
264
276
288
301
308
323
335
348
346
355
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$157
172
190
203
215
223
230
241
251
260
269
278
292
302
313
305
305
Year
58
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 23. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers, by race and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In current dollars]
Year
Total,
16 years
and older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic
or
Latino
ethnicity
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
418
431
456
473
493
512
529
552
573
585
600
614
638
657
669
684
691
706
428
444
468
483
502
522
547
567
584
596
609
626
654
669
684
703
710
722
362
375
400
409
429
454
473
491
505
499
519
533
554
582
592
595
599
606
–
–
–
–
$547
563
566
598
613
665
699
731
753
779
773
751
770
819
316
318
337
348
366
388
397
410
419
429
440
473
501
509
508
518
521
541
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$292
313
340
364
379
392
407
419
434
449
468
481
493
501
510
522
538
557
579
598
618
641
670
679
695
713
722
743
766
798
819
824
832
854
860
$298
320
350
375
387
401
418
433
450
465
482
494
506
514
524
547
566
580
595
615
638
662
689
702
715
732
743
761
788
825
845
850
856
879
884
$227
244
268
278
294
303
305
319
327
348
348
361
375
380
392
400
411
412
432
468
488
510
529
524
555
569
559
591
600
620
621
633
653
665
664
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$685
732
756
772
802
825
882
936
966
952
936
970
1,055
1,059
$219
234
251
269
274
287
296
299
306
308
315
318
323
339
346
343
350
356
371
390
406
417
440
451
464
480
489
505
520
559
569
560
571
592
594
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov59 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. As of 2003, estimates for
the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people who selected more
than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main
race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for Asians were not
tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics. Dash indicates
data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
60
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 24. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, by
educational attainment, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In current dollars]
Total, 25
years and
older
Less than a
high school
diploma
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$265
286
308
327
343
362
379
391
403
414
427
449
467
479
491
500
510
520
540
572
592
609
630
646
662
683
696
718
738
761
774
782
797
815
827
$210
222
240
248
256
263
270
278
284
288
297
303
307
311
314
307
309
317
321
337
346
362
382
388
396
401
409
419
428
453
454
444
451
471
472
$249
266
286
302
311
323
333
344
356
368
375
386
397
403
415
421
432
443
461
479
490
505
520
535
554
574
583
595
604
618
626
626
638
652
651
$282
304
324
351
363
382
399
409
421
430
452
476
489
484
494
499
508
518
535
558
580
596
617
629
639
661
670
692
704
722
726
734
739
749
748
$344
376
407
438
461
486
506
525
564
585
609
638
666
696
715
733
747
758
779
821
860
891
921
941
964
986
1,013
1,039
1,072
1,115
1,137
1,144
1,150
1,165
1,194
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
$195
213
233
255
268
283
296
308
321
335
351
369
387
400
415
421
428
444
$152
164
175
184
195
200
202
208
214
221
231
240
250
256
263
257
262
268
$185
201
217
236
246
259
268
277
288
298
304
315
328
337
347
351
356
365
$211
231
255
274
288
305
317
330
347
360
379
395
409
407
422
423
427
442
$264
290
318
346
369
390
414
436
466
485
507
535
562
594
611
634
644
657
Year
High school Some college
graduates, no or associate
college
degree
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov61 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 24. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers 25 years and older, by
educational attainment, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In current dollars]
Year
Total, 25
years and
older
Less than a
high school
diploma
High school Some college
graduates, no or associate
college
degree
Bachelor’s
degree and
higher
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
462
485
497
516
543
568
584
599
612
627
646
670
687
704
718
727
740
275
283
290
304
316
325
329
334
341
358
369
378
382
388
395
386
400
378
396
405
420
443
458
474
488
493
500
512
520
542
543
554
561
573
459
476
488
505
520
543
560
577
587
602
609
628
630
638
645
659
657
672
707
740
756
786
809
832
860
883
905
932
955
970
986
998
1,001
1,043
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
$314
339
372
393
407
422
443
463
477
487
500
512
523
536
555
576
588
599
615
639
668
693
720
732
744
762
771
797
823
857
873
874
886
910
912
$252
267
286
293
301
308
314
321
324
332
346
349
349
351
356
342
347
357
365
383
395
406
419
421
429
446
455
469
481
497
500
486
488
508
500
$308
327
356
374
388
399
407
416
423
437
450
459
470
479
487
496
507
516
535
559
580
591
609
617
628
645
652
678
689
709
716
710
720
735
732
$329
358
389
411
422
446
472
485
497
503
517
542
563
555
572
587
596
604
621
643
665
691
723
731
740
761
766
796
810
830
835
845
840
857
858
$396
427
475
503
518
562
590
618
653
679
705
741
764
791
806
826
845
874
896
939
977
1,020
1,067
1,090
1,131
1,143
1,167
1,205
1,243
1,285
1,327
1,330
1,332
1,371
1,395
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
62
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 25. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by age, 1979-2013 annual
averages
[In current dollars]
Year
Total
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
$4.44
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9.10
9.53
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
12.23
12.44
12.50
12.71
12.80
12.93
$3.49
3.71
3.97
4.05
4.08
4.18
4.26
4.41
4.59
4.79
4.95
5.16
5.26
5.37
5.51
5.62
5.80
5.94
6.15
6.58
6.87
7.24
7.69
7.81
7.90
7.98
8.07
8.24
8.65
8.87
8.90
8.90
8.97
9.05
9.16
$3.10
3.22
3.58
3.60
3.61
3.65
3.67
3.71
3.81
4.03
4.22
4.49
4.69
4.73
4.80
4.91
5.04
5.17
5.51
5.88
6.08
6.41
6.76
6.91
6.93
7.00
7.05
7.23
7.57
7.84
7.92
8.00
8.06
8.10
8.19
$4.02
4.29
4.61
4.66
4.69
4.82
4.94
5.06
5.21
5.38
5.65
5.91
6.00
6.03
6.15
6.22
6.42
6.69
6.91
7.24
7.74
8.07
8.38
8.47
8.66
8.78
8.91
9.16
9.66
9.76
9.77
9.53
9.61
9.70
9.83
$5.11
5.55
5.99
6.28
6.55
6.84
7.05
7.23
7.46
7.74
7.94
8.16
8.48
8.73
8.95
9.12
9.36
9.62
9.87
10.13
10.47
10.88
11.40
11.83
12.05
12.23
12.48
12.94
13.16
13.81
13.91
13.98
14.12
14.25
14.50
$5.20
5.66
6.09
6.35
6.50
6.77
6.92
7.01
7.19
7.43
7.64
7.90
8.04
8.17
8.27
8.38
8.71
8.82
9.04
9.65
9.98
10.18
10.67
10.98
11.25
11.37
11.76
11.95
12.05
12.50
12.60
12.53
12.71
12.82
12.88
$5.29
5.76
6.20
6.61
6.91
7.17
7.49
7.79
7.94
8.17
8.56
8.82
9.17
9.38
9.61
9.92
10.02
10.14
10.36
10.86
11.02
11.35
11.97
12.18
12.46
12.89
13.11
13.49
13.93
14.38
14.59
14.61
14.83
14.86
14.98
$5.16
5.65
6.01
6.42
6.73
7.08
7.37
7.73
7.86
8.16
8.42
8.79
9.11
9.52
9.86
10.02
10.13
10.24
10.60
10.96
11.33
11.82
12.17
12.46
12.97
13.23
13.48
14.03
14.39
14.87
14.85
14.98
15.00
15.07
15.17
$4.97
5.39
5.81
6.11
6.41
6.62
6.91
7.17
7.42
7.48
7.82
8.02
8.19
8.48
8.90
9.02
9.20
9.39
9.73
10.08
10.38
10.82
11.37
11.85
12.19
12.58
12.95
13.33
13.71
14.20
14.70
14.89
15.07
15.39
15.62
$3.23
3.56
3.92
4.12
4.40
4.63
4.74
4.97
5.08
5.23
5.42
5.75
5.94
6.14
6.39
6.39
6.65
6.77
6.89
7.40
7.70
8.05
8.53
9.07
9.19
9.62
9.93
10.15
10.37
10.89
11.49
11.55
12.19
12.21
12.47
$3.62
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
$3.19
3.45
3.71
3.78
3.82
3.93
4.01
4.11
4.22
4.48
4.69
4.95
5.08
5.16
5.27
5.32
5.49
$3.03
3.14
3.52
3.55
3.55
3.59
3.61
3.65
3.71
3.91
4.10
4.35
4.64
4.69
4.73
4.83
4.94
$3.52
3.79
4.09
4.19
4.26
4.36
4.56
4.71
4.89
5.05
5.23
5.57
5.71
5.77
5.96
5.98
6.09
$3.90
4.24
4.69
5.02
5.23
5.48
5.73
5.95
6.16
6.44
6.78
7.07
7.34
7.65
7.87
8.05
8.17
$4.04
4.44
4.89
5.19
5.44
5.60
5.79
5.95
6.14
6.36
6.68
7.01
7.19
7.45
7.61
7.78
7.92
$3.97
4.29
4.77
5.08
5.31
5.61
5.91
6.13
6.35
6.76
7.10
7.37
7.73
7.99
8.16
8.44
8.63
$3.84
4.23
4.59
4.95
5.19
5.51
5.76
5.99
6.28
6.59
6.90
7.16
7.61
7.94
8.18
8.46
8.72
$3.75
4.08
4.43
4.80
5.07
5.27
5.46
5.75
6.03
6.08
6.38
6.73
6.95
7.20
7.56
7.82
7.93
$3.12
3.38
3.71
3.93
4.16
4.37
4.43
4.73
4.85
5.12
5.14
5.45
5.76
5.97
6.18
6.24
6.45
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov63 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 25. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by age, 1979-2013 annual
averages — Continued
[In current dollars]
Year
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men
1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total,
16 years
and
older
16 to 24 years
25 years and older
Total
16 to 19
years
20 to 24
years
Total
25 to 34
years
35 to 44
years
45 to 54
years
55 to 64
years
65 years
and
older
7.73
7.94
8.23
8.64
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
11.49
11.76
11.83
11.98
11.99
12.12
5.68
5.95
6.24
6.60
7.00
7.25
7.45
7.59
7.71
7.80
7.99
8.15
8.43
8.58
8.62
8.73
8.78
8.93
5.09
5.42
5.78
5.98
6.23
6.61
6.80
6.85
6.86
6.92
7.11
7.41
7.71
7.82
7.91
7.96
8.02
8.09
6.26
6.55
6.93
7.22
7.80
8.00
8.11
8.19
8.32
8.50
8.82
9.00
9.16
9.19
9.08
9.16
9.17
9.40
8.43
8.75
9.13
9.53
9.89
10.20
10.71
11.01
11.23
11.58
11.87
12.05
12.48
12.76
12.88
13.10
13.17
13.36
8.06
8.20
8.80
9.10
9.69
9.94
10.12
10.51
10.62
10.86
11.07
11.21
11.72
11.96
12.04
12.12
12.15
12.23
8.89
9.14
9.66
9.83
10.03
10.44
10.98
11.17
11.45
11.84
12.05
12.36
12.89
13.00
13.12
13.44
13.46
13.77
8.94
9.26
9.78
9.95
10.18
10.85
11.18
11.79
11.95
12.13
12.26
12.85
13.16
13.09
13.50
13.76
13.80
13.94
8.07
8.31
8.85
9.33
9.84
10.39
10.81
11.05
11.57
11.86
12.12
12.23
13.00
13.59
13.68
14.03
14.36
14.53
6.45
6.83
7.21
7.50
7.87
8.14
8.73
8.84
9.16
9.82
9.97
10.15
10.53
11.11
11.18
11.76
11.84
12.22
$5.65
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
8.27
8.59
8.67
8.86
9.00
9.23
9.52
9.83
10.06
10.31
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
13.46
13.76
13.76
13.80
13.88
14.00
$3.90
4.10
4.31
4.38
4.38
4.57
4.68
4.79
4.91
5.03
5.17
5.44
5.58
5.65
5.75
5.88
6.04
6.17
6.45
6.91
7.12
7.63
8.01
8.05
8.14
8.21
8.42
8.79
9.13
9.24
9.22
9.21
9.23
9.44
9.67
$3.19
3.37
3.64
3.66
3.67
3.72
3.75
3.82
3.95
4.14
4.39
4.64
4.74
4.80
4.87
4.98
5.14
5.25
5.61
5.98
6.18
6.64
6.90
7.02
7.02
7.15
7.21
7.43
7.77
7.98
8.05
8.09
8.16
8.19
8.37
$4.64
4.92
5.11
5.12
5.05
5.16
5.23
5.43
5.68
5.79
6.02
6.18
6.23
6.24
6.33
6.56
6.82
6.99
7.18
7.78
8.03
8.39
8.92
8.88
9.00
9.07
9.20
9.75
9.96
10.00
9.99
9.90
9.90
9.97
10.00
$6.69
7.22
7.78
8.08
8.31
8.60
8.85
9.02
9.16
9.38
9.71
9.84
9.98
10.06
10.18
10.29
10.73
10.78
11.10
11.72
12.00
12.24
12.88
13.05
13.25
13.74
13.91
14.27
14.75
15.03
15.07
15.04
15.11
15.17
15.27
$6.38
6.93
7.33
7.67
7.74
7.88
8.00
8.03
8.26
8.41
8.56
8.83
8.94
9.02
9.10
9.10
9.46
9.70
9.92
10.22
10.84
10.97
11.58
11.89
12.01
12.03
12.17
12.63
12.83
13.47
13.20
13.10
13.18
13.28
13.42
$7.12
7.81
8.30
8.89
9.22
9.51
9.80
9.99
10.10
10.22
10.59
10.73
10.98
10.93
11.16
11.50
11.89
11.91
12.07
12.48
12.78
13.14
13.92
13.96
14.13
14.60
14.88
15.06
15.17
16.02
16.10
15.83
16.03
16.05
16.21
$7.10
7.78
8.49
8.88
9.16
9.69
9.97
10.15
10.24
10.69
10.88
11.13
11.71
12.02
12.15
12.10
12.32
12.40
12.80
13.04
13.68
13.90
14.25
14.40
14.93
15.11
15.13
16.04
16.15
16.82
16.99
16.89
16.88
16.99
17.17
$6.59
7.24
7.88
8.14
8.74
8.86
9.04
9.54
9.72
9.74
10.00
10.17
10.08
10.39
10.96
11.06
11.11
11.15
11.79
12.22
12.21
12.81
12.95
13.38
14.09
14.54
14.79
15.04
15.45
15.90
16.09
16.45
17.07
17.28
17.28
$3.56
3.79
4.21
4.46
4.75
4.91
4.99
5.18
5.32
5.52
5.90
6.08
6.22
6.45
6.71
6.64
6.85
7.04
6.96
7.74
7.86
8.31
9.00
9.78
9.79
9.90
10.04
10.72
11.01
11.50
12.00
11.92
12.85
13.03
12.88
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
64
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov65 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 26. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by race and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 1979-2013 annual averages
[In current dollars]
Year
Total
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Women
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
66
Total,
16 years
and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
$4.44
4.82
5.15
5.40
5.59
5.83
6.03
6.20
6.47
6.73
6.99
7.23
7.50
7.72
7.87
8.01
8.17
8.40
8.75
9.10
9.53
9.91
10.19
10.47
10.85
11.00
11.19
11.76
11.95
12.23
12.44
12.50
12.71
12.80
12.93
$4.51
4.88
5.18
5.47
5.66
5.90
6.10
6.28
6.56
6.81
7.08
7.33
7.61
7.82
7.97
8.11
8.32
8.57
8.88
9.22
9.74
9.96
10.26
10.71
10.97
11.13
11.48
11.86
12.08
12.54
12.66
12.74
12.91
13.04
13.15
$4.11
4.44
4.90
5.06
5.15
5.36
5.50
5.80
5.99
6.15
6.43
6.81
7.00
7.06
7.18
7.29
7.66
7.76
8.01
8.39
8.85
9.34
9.78
9.93
10.15
10.19
10.17
10.66
10.89
11.20
11.64
11.77
11.79
11.84
11.90
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$10.07
10.75
10.36
11.12
11.10
12.01
12.53
12.22
13.01
13.16
13.22
13.35
13.23
13.62
$4.08
4.44
4.81
5.01
5.09
5.27
5.47
5.65
5.82
5.95
6.07
6.28
6.46
6.65
6.83
6.93
7.00
7.17
7.39
7.92
8.07
8.54
9.06
9.22
9.76
9.81
9.95
10.12
10.24
10.97
11.04
10.88
11.05
11.12
11.25
$3.62
3.95
4.28
4.61
4.80
4.97
5.13
5.33
5.60
5.84
6.11
6.44
6.75
6.96
7.12
7.25
7.46
7.73
$3.62
3.96
4.28
4.61
4.81
4.98
5.14
5.35
5.62
5.86
6.13
6.46
6.76
6.99
7.16
7.34
7.54
7.79
$3.55
3.88
4.19
4.49
4.72
4.87
5.04
5.17
5.40
5.61
5.88
6.23
6.55
6.64
6.87
6.93
7.12
7.20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$3.44
3.78
4.10
4.33
4.42
4.65
4.82
5.00
5.11
5.28
5.53
5.80
5.98
6.17
6.31
6.40
6.60
6.77
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Table 26. Median hourly earnings of wage and salary workers paid hourly rates, by race and Hispanic or Latino
ethnicity, 1979-2013 annual averages — Continued
[In current dollars]
Year
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Men
1979............................................................................. .
1980............................................................................. .
1981............................................................................. .
1982............................................................................. .
1983............................................................................. .
1984............................................................................. .
1985............................................................................. .
1986............................................................................. .
1987............................................................................. .
1988............................................................................. .
1989............................................................................. .
1990............................................................................. .
1991............................................................................. .
1992............................................................................. .
1993............................................................................. .
1994............................................................................. .
1995............................................................................. .
1996............................................................................. .
1997............................................................................. .
1998............................................................................. .
1999............................................................................. .
2000............................................................................. .
2001............................................................................. .
2002............................................................................. .
2003............................................................................. .
2004............................................................................. .
2005............................................................................. .
2006............................................................................. .
2007............................................................................. .
2008............................................................................. .
2009............................................................................. .
2010............................................................................. .
2011............................................................................. .
2012............................................................................. .
2013............................................................................. .
Total,
16 years
and
older
White
Black or
African
American
Asian
Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity
7.94
8.23
8.64
9.06
9.64
9.89
10.08
10.17
10.31
10.65
10.98
11.49
11.76
11.83
11.98
11.99
12.12
8.00
8.33
8.73
9.09
9.73
9.94
10.11
10.21
10.50
10.77
11.06
11.70
11.83
11.88
12.05
12.08
12.21
7.59
7.90
8.13
8.86
9.15
9.45
9.91
9.93
9.93
10.11
10.45
10.78
11.01
11.20
11.28
11.23
11.54
–
–
–
$9.77
10.07
10.10
10.68
10.57
11.64
11.95
11.83
12.25
12.67
12.41
12.80
12.75
13.04
6.82
7.22
7.46
7.89
8.28
8.54
8.88
9.04
9.18
9.50
9.80
10.07
10.09
10.11
10.25
10.21
10.49
$5.65
6.10
6.57
6.85
6.92
7.12
7.33
7.59
7.77
7.91
8.10
8.27
8.59
8.67
8.86
9.00
9.23
9.52
9.83
10.06
10.31
10.81
11.32
11.64
11.89
12.02
12.16
12.68
12.95
13.46
13.76
13.76
13.80
13.88
14.00
$5.79
6.23
6.71
6.98
7.07
7.26
7.58
7.78
7.93
8.06
8.28
8.55
8.82
8.89
9.07
9.21
9.62
9.79
9.96
10.18
10.61
10.95
11.61
11.86
12.03
12.16
12.47
12.88
13.22
13.85
13.95
13.97
14.02
14.17
14.24
$4.89
5.18
5.81
5.97
5.96
6.16
6.15
6.57
6.74
6.94
7.07
7.37
7.57
7.62
7.67
7.92
8.16
8.18
8.67
9.09
9.77
9.98
10.18
10.24
10.81
10.88
10.90
11.42
11.57
11.99
12.27
12.16
12.06
12.20
12.16
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
$10.79
11.84
11.02
11.89
11.90
12.75
13.18
13.22
14.03
14.01
14.11
14.25
14.15
14.24
$4.79
5.03
5.37
5.73
5.81
6.04
6.07
6.19
6.37
6.51
6.66
6.74
6.88
6.99
7.12
7.17
7.26
7.62
7.90
8.24
8.61
9.04
9.67
9.92
10.03
10.02
10.19
10.84
11.07
11.83
11.92
11.73
11.81
11.96
11.99
Note: The comparability of historical labor force data has been affected at various times by methodological and other changes in the Current
Population Survey (CPS). Information about historical comparability is online at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#comp. As of 2003, estimates for
the race groups shown (White, Black or African American, and Asian) include people who selected that race group only; people who selected more
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov67 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main
race. Asian data for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders. As of 2003, Asians constitute a separate category. Data for Asians were not
tabulated prior to 2000. People of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race; estimates for the race groups include Hispanics. Dash indicates
data not available.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
68
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Technical Notes
The estimates in this report were obtained from the Current
Population Survey (CPS), which provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment.
The survey is conducted monthly for the U.S. Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau
using a scientifically selected national sample of about
60,000 eligible households representing all 50 states
and the District of Columbia. The survey also provides
data on earnings, which are based on one-fourth of the
CPS monthly sample and are limited to wage and salary
workers. All self-employed workers, both incorporated and
unincorporated, are excluded from the data presented in
this report.
Concepts and definitions
The principal concepts and definitions used in connection
with the earnings data in this report are described briefly
below.
Wage and salary workers. These are workers age 16 and
older who receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips,
payments in kind, or piece rates on their sole or principal
job. This group includes employees in both the public and
private sectors. All self-employed workers are excluded
whether or not their businesses are incorporated.
Full-time workers. People who usually work 35 hours or
more per week at their sole or principal job are defined as
working full time for the purpose of these estimates. The
federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) does not define
full- or part-time employment.
It is important to note that the comparisons of earnings
in this report are on a broad level and do not control for
many factors that can be significant in explaining earnings
differences. This includes the direct comparisons of
earnings levels among demographic groups discussed in the
narrative and the women’s-to-men’s earnings ratios shown
in the tables (that is, women’s earnings as a percentage
of men’s). For example, the overall ratio of women’s-tomen’s earnings for full-time workers presented here is
not controlled for differences in important determinants
of earnings such as age, occupation, and educational
attainment. Readers should not construe the earnings
comparisons in this report as being restricted to workers
with otherwise comparable characteristics and comparable
jobs. One must be cautious even when attempting to
control for one of the important factors that may explain
earnings differences. Comparisons of women’s and men’s
earnings by detailed occupation, for example, are not
simultaneously controlled for differences in key factors
such as job skills and responsibilities, work experience, and
specialization.
Part-time workers. People who usually work fewer than 35
hours per week at their sole or principal job are defined as
working part time for the purpose of these estimates. The
federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) does not define
full- or part-time employment.
Material in this report is in the public domain and may
be used without permission. This information is available
to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice
telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1 (800)
877-8339.
Medians of usual weekly earnings. The earnings estimates
shown in this report are medians. The median is the
midpoint in a given earnings distribution, with half of
workers having earnings above the median and the other
half having earnings below the median.
Usual weekly earnings. The data represent earnings before
taxes and other deductions and include any overtime pay,
commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in
the case of multiple jobholders). Prior to 1994, respondents
were asked how much they usually earned per week. Since
January 1994, respondents have been asked to identify the
easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly,
biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, or other)
and how much they usually earn in the reported time
period. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly
are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term “usual” is
determined by each respondent’s own understanding of
the term. If the respondent asks for a definition of “usual,”
interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than
half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov69 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
The BLS procedure for estimating the median of a weekly
earnings distribution places each reported or calculated
weekly earnings value into a $50-wide interval that
is centered around a multiple of $50. The median is
calculated through the linear interpolation of the interval in
which the median lies.
Changes over time in the medians for specific groups may
not necessarily be consistent with the movements estimated
for the overall median boundary. The most common
reasons for this possible anomaly are as follows:
• There could be a change in the relative weights of the
subgroups. For example, the median earnings of 16- to
24-year-olds and the median earnings of those 25 years
and older may rise, but if the lower earning 16-to-24 age
group accounts for a greatly increased share of the total,
the overall median could actually fall.
• There could be a large change in the shape of the
distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a
median boundary. This change could be caused by
survey observations that are clustered at rounded
values, such as $600 or $700. An estimate lying in a
$50-wide centered interval containing such a cluster
tends to change more slowly than one in other intervals.
Consider, for example, the calculation of the median
for a multipeaked earnings distribution that shifts over
time. As such a distribution shifts, the median does
not necessarily move at the same rate. Specifically, the
median takes relatively more time to move through a
frequently reported earnings interval, but once above the
upper limit of such an interval, it can move relatively
quickly to the next frequently reported interval. BLS
procedures for estimating medians mitigate such
irregular movements; however, users should be cautious
of these effects when evaluating short-term changes in
the medians and in ratios of the medians.
Workers paid by the hour. These are employed wage and
salary workers who report that they are paid at an hourly
rate on their job. Typically, workers paid an hourly wage
have made up approximately three-fifths of all wage and
salary workers. Estimates of workers paid by the hour
70
include both full- and part-time workers unless otherwise
specified.
Hourly earnings. These data are for wage and salary
workers who are paid by the hour and pertain to earnings
from a person’s sole or principal job. Hourly earnings
for hourly paid workers do not include overtime pay,
commissions, or tips received.
Workers paid at or below the federal minimum wage. The
CPS does not include questions on whether workers are
covered by the minimum wage provisions of the federal
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) or by individual state or
local minimum wage laws. The estimates of workers paid
at or below the federal minimum wage in this report are
based solely on whether the hourly wage they report (which
does not include overtime pay, tips, or commissions) is at
or below the federal minimum wage. It should be noted
that some respondents might round hourly earnings when
answering survey questions. As a result, some workers
might be reported as having hourly earnings above or
below the federal minimum wage when in fact they earn
the minimum wage.
Some workers reported as earning at or below the
prevailing federal minimum wage may not in fact be
covered by federal or state minimum wage laws because
of exclusions and exemptions in the statutes. Thus, the
presence of workers with hourly earnings below the federal
minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violations of
the FLSA or state statutes in cases where such standards
apply.
The estimates of the number of workers with reported
earnings at or below the federal minimum wage pertain
only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers
and other nonhourly paid workers are excluded, even
though some have earnings that, if converted to hourly
rates, would be at or below the federal minimum wage.
Consequently, the estimates presented in this report likely
understate the actual number of workers with hourly
earnings at or below the minimum wage. BLS does not
routinely estimate the hourly earnings of workers not
paid by the hour because there are data quality concerns
associated with constructing such an estimate.
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov
HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
Regular collection of earnings data in the basic CPS began
in 1979. The prevailing federal minimum wage for 1979
and later years is listed below.
Federal minimum wage
Effective date
$2.90
January 1, 1979
$3.10
January 1, 1980
$3.35
January 1, 1981
$3.80
April 1, 1990
$4.25
April 1, 1991
$4.75
October 1, 1996
$5.15
September 1, 1997
$5.85
July 24, 2007
$6.55
July 24, 2008
$7.25
July 24, 2009
When the minimum wage has increased during a given
year, the estimates of the annual average number of
minimum wage workers reflect both minimum wage levels
in effect during the year. For example, data for 2007 reflect
the number of workers who earned the federal minimum
wage of $5.15 for January to July and the number of
workers who earned the minimum wage of $5.85 for
August to December.
Race. In the survey process, race is determined by the
household respondent. In accordance with the Office of
Management and Budget guidelines, White, Black or
African American, and Asian are terms used to describe
a person’s race. Beginning in 2003, people in these
categories are those who selected that race group only.
Those who identify multiple race groups are categorized as
people of two or more races. Prior to 2003, people of two
or more races identified one group as their main race. More
information on the 2003 changes to questions on race is
available at http://www.bls.gov/cps/rvcps03.pdf. Data for
other race groups—American Indians and Alaska Natives,
Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders—and for
people of two or more races are included in totals but not
separately identified in this report because the number of
survey respondents is too small to develop estimates of
sufficient quality.
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. This phrase refers to people
who identified themselves in the survey process as being of
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. People whose ethnicity
is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and
are included in estimates for the race groups (White, Black
or African American, and Asian) in addition to being shown
separately.
Inflation adjustment/constant dollars. The Consumer Price
Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS)
is used to convert current dollars to constant dollars for
the inflation-adjusted median earnings estimates shown in
this report. BLS has made numerous improvements to the
Consumer Price Index (CPI) over the years. Although these
improvements make the CPI more accurate, the official
histories of price index series are not adjusted to reflect the
improvements. Because many researchers need a historical
series that measures price change consistently over time,
BLS developed the CPI-U-RS to provide an estimate
of the CPI that incorporates most of the methodological
improvements made since 1978 into the entire series. For
further information, see Kenneth J. Stewart and Stephen
B. Reed, “CPI research series using current methods,
1978–98,” Monthly Labor Review, June 1999, available at
http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/1999/06/cpimlr.pdf; and
“Questions and Answers: Consumer Price Index Research
Series Using Current Methods,” at http://www.bls.gov/
cpi/cpirsqa.pdf.
This report uses the most recent version of the CPI-U-RS
available at the time of production. Users should note that the
CPI-U-RS is subject to periodic revision. As a result, the rate
of inflation incorporated into the inflation-adjusted median
earnings estimates in this report may differ from the rate used
in previous reports in this series or in other publications.
Reliability
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling
and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the
entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the true population
values they represent. The component of this difference
that occurs because samples differ by chance is known
as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the
standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov71 HIGHLIGHTS OF WOMEN’S EARNINGS IN 2013
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from
the true population value because of sampling error. BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of
confidence.
to obtain information on all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct
information, and errors made in the collection or processing
of the data.
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including
the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability
Information about the reliability of data from the CPS
is available at http://ww.bls.gov/cps/documentation.
htm#reliability.
72
BLS Reports │ December 2014 • www.bls.gov