News
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Technical information:
(202) 691-6569
http://www.bls.gov/oes/
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902
United States
Department
of Labor
Washington, D.C. 20212
USDL 09-0457
For release: 10:00 A.M. (EDT)
Friday, May 1, 2009
(NOTE: This release was reissued on Friday, May 29, 2009, to correct wage
data in table 1 for three occupations: (1) postal service clerks; (2) postal service
mail carriers; and (3) postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators. These corrections did not affect any other tables in the release or
the analysis of occupational employment and wage data.)
OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES, 2008
In 2008, the U.S. median wage was $15.57 per hour or $32,390 per year, according to the Bureau
of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor. These data are from the Occupational
Employment Statistics (OES) program, which provides employment and wage estimates for wage and
salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 801 detailed occupations. OES produces data by
occupation for the nation, states, metropolitan areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas,
and by occupation and industry for the nation. National cross-industry employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in table 1. Complete data are available from the OES homepage at
http://www.bls.gov/oes/.
The median wage represents the pay of the typical worker. Table 4 shows employment and wage
information for occupations with median wages between 5 percent above and 5 percent below the U.S.
median wage. Many of the occupations with wages within this range were office and administrative
support, construction and extraction, or production occupations.
OES data can be used to compare employment and wages for different occupations, such as the
occupations with wages near the U.S. median shown in table 4. With employment of 1.9 and 1.3 million, respectively, bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks; and general maintenance and repair
Changes to Occupational Employment Statistics Data
Effective with this news release, the Occupational Employment Statistics program
has switched the basis for their industry classification from the 2002 North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS) to the 2007 NAICS. Historical data were not
revised.
2
workers were the largest occupations with wages near the U.S. median, and also were among the 20
largest occupations overall. The 2 largest occupations in the U.S., retail salespersons and cashiers,
had employment of approximately 4.4 and 3.5 million, respectively.
Other large occupations with wages near the U.S. median included all other teachers and instructors,
with employment of 574,540; billing and posting clerks and machine operators (512,120); inspectors,
testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers (467,010); welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers (392,520); and
dental assistants (293,090). Among the smallest occupations with wages near the U.S. median were
forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists, farm labor contractors, wood model makers, and wood
patternmakers, each of which had employment levels between 1,000 and 2,000.
While some of these occupations were concentrated in specific industries, others were more widely
distributed across industries. For example, although 93 percent of dental assistants worked in offices
of dentists, the largest employer of general maintenance and repair workers—lessors of real estate—employed only about 10 percent of this occupation.
Median wages for occupations shown in table 4 ranged from $14.83 to $16.35 per hour. In contrast, the lowest paying occupations included gaming dealers; combined food preparation and serving
workers; waiters and waitresses; dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers; and fast
food cooks, with median wages ranging from $7.84 to $8.12 per hour. Among the highest paying
occupations were several specialty physician and dentist occupations, which had median wages over
$80.00 per hour or $166,400 annually.
Major Occupational Group Employment and Wages by Industry Sector
Most occupations with wages near the U.S. median were office and administrative support;
construction and extraction; installation, maintenance, and repair; or production occupations. Table 4
contains 26 occupations in the production group, making this group the one with the largest number of
occupations earning near the median wage. Twelve office and administrative support occupations had
wages near the U.S. median; however, total employment in these 12 occupations was approximately
3.8 million, as compared to total employment of 2.1 million for the production occupations shown in
table 4.
Office and administrative support also was the largest occupational group overall, with total
employment of 23.2 million, followed by sales and related occupations, with total employment of 14.3
million, and food preparation and serving related occupations, with total employment of 11.4 million.
(See table 2.) While some occupational groups were highly concentrated in specific industry sectors,
others were distributed more evenly across sectors. For example, nearly 89 percent of employment in
education, training, and library occupations was found in the educational services sector, and over 87
percent of employment in healthcare support occupations was found in the health care and social
assistance sector. In contrast, although retail trade, finance and insurance, and health care and social
assistance were among the largest employers of office and administrative support occupations, no single
sector employed more than 12.4 percent of this group. (See table 2.)
The highest paying occupational groups included management occupations, with a median hourly
wage of $42.15, legal occupations ($34.49), and computer and mathematical science occupations
($34.26). Food preparation and serving related occupations ($8.59); farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ($9.34); personal care and service occupations ($9.82); and building and grounds cleaning and
maintenance occupations ($10.52) were among the lowest paying occupational groups. (See table 3.)
3
Wages for the occupational groups varied by industry. Utilities; transportation and warehousing;
information; and finance and insurance were among the highest paying industry sectors for several
occupational groups. Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting; retail trade; and accommodation and
food services were among the lowest paying sectors. For example, median hourly wages for business
and financial operations occupations ranged from $33.75 in utilities to $20.94 in accommodation and
food services, while median wages for office and administrative support occupations ranged from
$19.57 in transportation and warehousing to $10.75 in retail trade.
Detailed Occupational Employment and Wages by Detailed Industry
In addition to the occupational group and industry sector data previously discussed, OES data also
are available for detailed occupations and industries. For example, table 5 shows employment and
wages by industry for bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks. Employment in this occupation
was widely distributed across industries. The accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll
services industry employed more bookkeeping clerks than any other industry, but only about 5.4 percent
of bookkeeping clerks were employed in this industry. Other large employers of this occupation were
building equipment contractors, depository credit intermediation, management of companies and enterprises, and local government (OES designation); each representing less than 5 percent of occupational
employment. The median hourly wage for bookkeeping clerks in these industries ranged from $14.43 in
depository credit intermediation to $16.22 in building equipment contractors.
Although accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services employed a relatively
small percentage of all bookkeeping clerks, this was the second largest occupation in the accounting
services industry, representing about 11.4 percent of industry employment. (See table 6.) Accountants
and auditors was by far the largest occupation in the industry, with 286,110 jobs making up about onethird of industry employment. Tax preparers was the third largest occupation in accounting services,
with employment of 61,160. Most of the other large occupations in this industry were office and
administrative support occupations.
Occupational Employment and Wages by State and Area
OES data also allow comparison of occupational employment and wages across states and metropolitan areas. Tables 7 and 8 show the states and metropolitan areas with the highest employment and
highest employment concentrations of selected detailed occupations. Areas with high total employment
also tend to be among the largest employers of any individual occupation, while employment concentrations reflect factors other than overall employment levels, such as the area's industry mix. For example, Texas employed more welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers than any other state, with 53,530
jobs in this occupation; and Wyoming, although it employed fewer total welders than Texas, had one of
the highest employment concentrations in this occupation, with welders representing over 9 jobs out of
every 1,000 in the state. Louisiana was the only state with both high employment levels and a high
employment concentration of this occupation. (See table 7.)
Aside from Louisiana, the only state appearing on both sides of table 7 for the same occupation is
California, which was both one of the largest employers of dental assistants and one of the states with
the highest concentrations of this occupation. Other states with high concentrations of dental assistants
were Utah and Washington. Nevada and Hawaii had some of the highest concentrations of construction
and maintenance painters, while Connecticut and Nebraska had some of the highest concentrations of
insurance claims and policy processing clerks.
4
Although all of the selected occupations shown in table 7 had national median wages near the U.S.
median, wages for each occupation varied across states. For example, among the states shown in the
table, median wages for welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers varied from $13.83 in South Dakota to
$21.29 in Wyoming, while median wages for construction and maintenance painters varied from $13.82
in Texas to $23.14 in Hawaii.
At the metropolitan area level, as at the state level, areas with high employment of the selected
occupations also tended to have high overall employment levels. (See table 8.) Chicago-NapervilleJoliet, Ill., and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, Calif., were among the largest employers for all of
the selected occupations, while New York-White Plains-Wayne, N.Y.-N.J., and Houston-Sugar LandBaytown, Texas, were among the largest employers for 3 out of the 4 occupations. These also were
among the largest metropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions in the United States in terms of total
employment.
While both Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, Texas, and Dallas-Plano-Irving, Texas, were among the
metropolitan areas with the highest employment of welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers, two other
metropolitan areas in Texas—Odessa and Beaumont-Port Arthur—reported some of the highest employment concentrations of this occupation. Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux, La., and Peoria, Ill., also
had high concentrations of welders. Two metropolitan divisions in California—Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Glendale and Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine—were among the largest employers of dental assistants, while four of the metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of dental assistants also
were in California. Naples-Marco Island, Fla., and Beaumont-Port Arthur, Texas, were among the areas
with the highest concentrations of construction and maintenance painters, while Wausau, Wis., and
Macon, Ga., were among the areas with the highest concentrations of insurance claims and policy
processing clerks, although both areas employed relatively few workers in this occupation. Wages for
the selected occupations varied by metropolitan area. For example, among the metropolitan areas
shown, median wages for construction and maintenance painters ranged from $13.46 in Jacksonville,
N.C., to $21.85 in Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, Ill., while wages for insurance claims and policy processing clerks ranged from $14.21 in Wausau, Wis., to $19.30 in Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, Mass.
Additional Information
The Occupational Employment Statistics program produces cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates nationwide and for all states, 377 metropolitan areas, 34 metropolitan divisions, and 174 nonmetropolitan areas. OES also publishes national industry-specific occupational
employment and wage estimates for NAICS sectors and 3-, 4-, and selected 5-digit industries. In addition to mean hourly and annual wages, wage data include 10th, 25th, 50th (median), 75th, and 90th
percentile wages, which can be used to show the distribution of wages within an occupation or industry.
OES data are produced by a cooperative effort between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, and are
based on a sample of 1.2 million business establishments, collected in 6 semiannual panels over a 3-year
period. Complete May 2008 Occupational Employment Statistics data are available from the OES Web
site at http://www.bls.gov/oes/.
Technical Note
Scope of the survey
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey
is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational
employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in
nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their data
are not included in this release.
OES estimates are
constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 establishments in May and November of each year for a 3-year
period. The nationwide response rate for the May 2008
estimates is 78.2 percent based on establishments and 74.3
percent based on employment. The survey included establishments sampled in the May 2008, November 2007, May
2007, November 2006, May 2006, and November 2005
semiannual panels.
The occupational coding system
The OES survey uses the Office of Management and
Budget's (OMB) occupational classification system, the
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. The
SOC system is the first OMB-required occupational
classification system for federal agencies. The OES survey
categorizes workers into 801 detailed occupations. Together,
these detailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 major
occupational groups. Military specific occupations are not
included in the OES survey. The major groups are as
follows:
Management occupations
Business and financial operations occupations
Computer and mathematical science occupations
Architecture and engineering occupations
Life, physical, and social science occupations
Community and social services occupations
Legal occupations
Education, training, and library occupations
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
Healthcare support occupations
Protective service occupations
Food preparation and serving related occupations
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance
occupations
Personal care and service occupations
Sales and related occupations
Office and administrative support occupations
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
Construction and extraction occupations
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
Production occupations
Transportation and material moving occupations
Military specific occupations (not surveyed in OES)
For more information about the SOC system, please see
the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Web site at
http://www.bls.gov/soc/.
The industry coding system
The OES survey uses the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). The May 2008 estimates
and survey data are based on the 2007 NAICS. Earlier panel
data and estimates were based on the 2002 NAICS. For more
information about NAICS, see the BLS Web site at
http://www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
The OES survey includes establishments in NAICS
sectors 11 (logging and agricultural support activities only),
21, 22, 23, 31-33, 42, 44-45, 48-49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 61,
62, 71, 72, 81 (except private households), state government,
and local government. The U.S. Postal Service and the
executive branch of the federal government also are included.
An establishment is defined as an economic unit that
processes goods or provides services, such as a factory, mine,
or store. The establishment is generally at a single physical
location and is engaged primarily in one type of economic
activity.
The OES survey covers all full- and part-time wage and
salary workers in nonfarm industries. The survey does not
include the self-employed, owners and partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family workers.
Survey sample
BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and
technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies
(SWAs) collect most of the data. BLS produces crossindustry and industry-specific estimates for the nation, states,
metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), metropolitan divisions,
and nonmetropolitan areas. Industry-specific estimates are
produced at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 4-digit, and selected
5-digit industry levels. BLS releases all cross-industry and
national estimates; many SWAs release industry-specific
estimates at the state and MSA levels.
State unemployment insurance (UI) files provide the
universe from which the OES survey draws its sample.
Employment benchmarks are obtained from reports submitted
by employers to the UI program. Supplemental sources are
used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because
they do not report to the UI program. The OES survey
sample is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan
areas and industry. The 2000 Metropolitan Statistical Area
standards were used to define the metropolitan areas.
An annual census is taken of the executive branch of the
federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, state
government, and Hawaii's local government. In order to
provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are
more likely to be selected than smaller employers. The
unweighted employment of sampled establishments makes up
approximately 61 percent of total national employment.
duction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary benefits,
and tuition reimbursements.
Concepts
The OES survey collects wage data in 12 intervals.
Employers report the number of employees in an occupation
for each wage range. The wage intervals used for the May
2008 survey are shown in the previous column.
Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage
and salary employment in an occupation across the industries
surveyed. The OES survey defines employment as the
number of workers who can be classified as full- or part-time
employees, including workers on paid vacations or other
types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences;
salaried officers, executives, and staff members of
incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other
units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their
permanent duty station regardless of whether that unit
prepares their paycheck.
The OES survey forms sent to larger establishments,
generally those with 20 or more workers, contain between 50
and 225 SOC occupations selected on the basis of the
sampled establishment's industry classification. To reduce
paperwork and respondent burden, no survey form contains
every SOC occupation. Thus, data for specific occupations
are collected primarily from establishments in industries that
are the predominant employers of workers in those
occupations. Each survey form is structured, however, to
allow a respondent to provide detailed occupational
information for each worker at the establishment; that is,
unlisted occupations can be added to the survey form.
Smaller establishments, generally those with fewer than 20
workers, are sent a form with no occupations listed, and are
instructed to fill in the occupations for their workers.
Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay,
exclusive of premium pay.
Base rate, cost-of-living
allowances, guaranteed pay, hazardous-duty pay, incentive
pay including commissions and production bonuses, tips, and
on-call pay are included. Excluded are back pay, jury duty
pay, overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, nonproMay 2008 wage intervals
Interval
Wages
Hourly
Annual
Range A
Under $7.50
Under $15,600
Range B
$7.50 to $9.49
$15,600 to $19,759
Range C
$9.50 to $11.99
$19,760 to $24,959
Range D
$12.00 to $15.24
$24,960 to $31,719
Range E
$15.25 to $19.24
$31,720 to $40,039
Range F
$19.25 to $24.49
$40,040 to $50,959
Range G
$24.50 to $30.99
$50,960 to $64,479
Range H
$31.00 to $39.24
$64,480 to $81,639
Range I
$39.25 to $49.74
$81,640 to $103,479
Range J
$49.75 to $63.24
$103,480 to $131,559
Range K
$63.25 to $79.99
$131,560 to $166,399
Range L
$80.00 and over
$166,400 and over
Mean hourly wage. The mean hourly wage rate for an
occupation is the total wages that all workers in the
occupation earn in an hour divided by the total employment
of the occupation. To calculate the mean hourly wage of
each occupation, total weighted hourly wages are summed
across all intervals and divided by the occupation's weighted
survey employment. The mean wage for each interval is
based on occupational wage data collected by the BLS Office
of Compensation and Working Conditions for the National
Compensation Survey (NCS). With the exception of the
highest wage interval, mean wage rates for each panel are
calculated using NCS data for the panel's reference year.
The lower boundary of the highest wage interval was
$80.00. The mean hourly wage for this interval was
calculated using the average of the 2005, 2006, and 2007
NCS data.
Percentile wage. The p-th percentile wage rate for an
occupation is the wage where p percent of all workers earn
that amount or less and where (100-p) percent of all workers
earn that amount or more. This statistic is calculated by
uniformly distributing the workers inside each wage interval,
ranking the workers from lowest paid to highest paid, and
calculating the product of the total employment for the
occupation and the desired percentile to determine the worker
that earns the p-th percentile wage rate.
Annual wage. Many employees are paid at an hourly
rate by their employers and may work more than or less than
40 hours per week. Annual wage estimates for most
occupations in this release are calculated by multiplying the
mean hourly wage by a "year-round, full-time" figure of
2,080 hours (52 weeks by 40 hours). Thus, annual wage
estimates may not represent the actual annual pay received by
the employee if they work more or less than 2,080 hours per
year. Some workers typically work less than 40 hours per
week, year round. For these occupations, the OES survey
collects and reports either the annual salary or the hourly
wage rate, depending on how the occupation is typically paid,
but not both. For example, teachers, flight attendants, and
pilots may be paid an annual salary, but do not work the usual
2,080 hours per year. In this case, an annual salary is
reported. Other workers, such as entertainment workers, are
paid hourly rates, but generally do not work 40 hours per
week, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is
reported.
Hourly versus annual wage reporting. For each
occupation, respondents are asked to report the number of
employees paid within specific wage intervals. The intervals
are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual
rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by
multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of
2,080 hours. The responding establishment can reference
either the hourly or the annual rate for full-time workers, but
they are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time
workers.
Estimation methodology
With the exception of the May 2008 panel, each OES
panel includes approximately 200,000 establishments. Due
to budget constraints, the May 2008 sample was reduced to
approximately 174,000 establishments. The OES survey is
designed to produce estimates using six panels (3 years) of
data. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2 million
establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed
levels of geography, industry, and occupation.
Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling
errors are obtained by combining six panels of data,
particularly for small geographic areas and occupations.
Wages for the current panel need no adjustment. However,
wages in the five previous panels need to be updated to the
current panel's reference period.
The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost
Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before
combining them with the current panel's data. The wage
updating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage
rate, as measured in the earlier panel, according to the
average movement of its broader occupational division. The
procedure assumes that there are no major differences by
geography, industry, or detailed occupation within the
occupational division. The wage rates for the highest wage
interval are not updated.
Imputation. About 20 percent of establishments do not
respond for a given panel. A "nearest neighbor" hot deck
imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational
employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to
impute missing wage distributions. The variant of mean
imputation for wage distributions also is applied to
establishments that provide reports with occupational totals
but partial or missing wage data.
Weighting and benchmarking. The sample establishments in each panel are weighted to represent all establishments that were part of the in-scope frame from which the
panel was selected. Based on the sampled establishments,
sampling weights are adjusted when six panels are combined.
Sampling weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment totals (the average of November 2007 and May 2008
employment) from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employ-
ment and Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.
May 2008 OES survey estimates. The May 2008 OES
survey estimates are based on all data collected from
establishments in the May 2008, November 2007, May 2007,
November 2006, May 2006, and November 2005 semiannual
samples.
Reliability of the estimates. Estimates calculated from a
sample survey are subject to two types of error: sampling
and nonsampling. Sampling error occurs when estimates are
calculated from a subset (that is, a sample) of the population
instead of the full population. When a sample of the
population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample
estimate of the characteristic of interest may differ from the
population value of that characteristic. Differences between
the sample estimate and the population value will vary
depending on the sample selected. This variability can be
estimated by calculating the standard error (SE) of the sample
estimate. If we were to repeat the sampling and estimation
process countless times using the same survey design,
approximately 90 percent of the intervals created by adding
and subtracting 1.645 SEs from the sample estimate would
include the population value. These intervals are called 90percent confidence intervals. The OES survey, however,
usually uses the relative standard error (RSE) of a sample
estimate instead of its SE to measure sampling error. RSE is
defined as the SE of a sample estimate divided by the sample
estimate itself. This statistic provides the user with a measure
of the relative precision of the sample estimate. RSEs are
calculated for both occupational employment and mean wage
rate estimates.
Occupational employment RSEs are
calculated using a subsample, random group replication
technique called the jackknife. Mean wage rate RSEs are
calculated using a variance components model that accounts
for both the observed and unobserved components of the
wage data. The variances of the unobserved components are
estimated using wage data from the BLS National Compensation Survey. In general, estimates based on many establishments have lower RSEs than estimates based on few
establishments. If the distributional assumptions of the
models are violated, the resulting confidence intervals may
not reflect the prescribed level of confidence.
Nonsampling error occurs for a variety of reasons, none
of which are directly connected to sampling. Examples of
nonsampling error include: nonresponse, data incorrectly
reported by the respondent, errors in the administrative data
used to create the sampling frame, mistakes made in entering
collected data into the database, and mistakes made in editing
and processing the collected data. Every attempt is made to
minimize nonsampling error through survey methods such as
data editing, imputation methods, and benchmarking of data
to current employment totals.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2008
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Management occupations
Chief executives.................................................................................................................
General and operations managers....................................................................................
Legislators..........................................................................................................................
Advertising and promotions managers..............................................................................
Marketing managers..........................................................................................................
Sales managers.................................................................................................................
Public relations managers..................................................................................................
6,152,650
301,930
1,697,690
64,650
36,100
166,790
333,910
51,730
$48.23
77.13
51.91
(²)
45.54
56.81
53.07
48.66
$100,310
160,440
107,970
37,980
94,720
118,160
110,390
101,220
$42.15
76.23
44.02
(²)
38.57
52.20
46.76
43.00
Administrative services managers.....................................................................................
Computer and information systems managers..................................................................
Financial managers............................................................................................................
Compensation and benefits managers..............................................................................
Training and development managers................................................................................
Human resources managers, all other...............................................................................
Industrial production managers..........................................................................................
Purchasing managers........................................................................................................
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers..........................................................
246,930
276,820
500,590
38,810
29,350
60,980
154,030
67,150
96,300
38.22
57.07
53.19
44.91
45.11
49.96
43.85
45.34
40.64
79,500
118,710
110,640
93,410
93,830
103,920
91,200
94,300
84,520
35.35
53.95
47.76
41.59
42.16
46.22
40.04
42.86
37.98
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers...................................................................
Farmers and ranchers........................................................................................................
Construction managers......................................................................................................
Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program.................................
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school............................................
Education administrators, postsecondary..........................................................................
Education administrators, all other.....................................................................................
Engineering managers.......................................................................................................
Food service managers.....................................................................................................
Funeral directors................................................................................................................
Gaming managers.............................................................................................................
Lodging managers.............................................................................................................
Medical and health services managers..............................................................................
Natural sciences managers...............................................................................................
Postmasters and mail superintendents..............................................................................
Property, real estate, and community association managers............................................
Social and community service managers..........................................................................
Managers, all other............................................................................................................
3,410
490
220,550
49,630
219,100
97,410
28,090
182,300
196,080
25,680
3,790
32,460
258,130
43,060
26,410
159,700
117,150
365,460
30.00
23.62
43.16
22.29
(²)
44.67
37.13
57.97
24.19
28.27
35.33
25.26
42.67
59.20
28.44
27.05
29.12
46.10
62,400
49,140
89,770
46,370
86,060
92,920
77,220
120,580
50,320
58,810
73,480
52,550
88,750
123,140
59,150
56,250
60,570
95,890
27.03
16.13
38.39
19.20
(²)
38.79
34.44
55.42
22.27
25.10
32.83
22.02
38.58
54.23
28.52
22.18
26.92
43.38
Business and financial operations occupations
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes.................................
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products..................................................................
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products...........................................................
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products.......................................
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................................................................
Insurance appraisers, auto damage..................................................................................
Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and
transportation.................................................................................................................
Cost estimators..................................................................................................................
Emergency management specialists.................................................................................
Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists........................................................
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists........................................................
Training and development specialists................................................................................
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other.................................
Logisticians........................................................................................................................
Management analysts........................................................................................................
Meeting and convention planners......................................................................................
Business operations specialists, all other..........................................................................
6,135,520
12,110
13,010
132,420
286,990
277,230
11,280
31.12
39.21
28.25
26.70
27.70
27.67
25.95
64,720
81,550
58,760
55,540
57,630
57,550
53,980
27.89
30.26
23.88
23.42
25.93
26.81
25.69
242,270
218,400
12,260
205,800
116,250
206,890
217,440
98,590
535,850
47,960
1,030,320
25.85
29.00
25.70
25.90
27.43
26.36
28.00
32.98
39.87
22.84
31.25
53,760
60,320
53,460
53,870
57,060
54,830
58,230
68,600
82,920
47,500
64,990
23.50
27.17
24.26
21.86
25.89
24.73
26.79
31.96
35.37
21.28
28.81
Accountants and auditors..................................................................................................
Appraisers and assessors of real estate............................................................................
Budget analysts.................................................................................................................
Credit analysts...................................................................................................................
Financial analysts..............................................................................................................
Personal financial advisors................................................................................................
Insurance underwriters......................................................................................................
Financial examiners...........................................................................................................
Loan counselors.................................................................................................................
Loan officers......................................................................................................................
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents................................................................
Tax preparers.....................................................................................................................
Financial specialists, all other............................................................................................
1,133,580
66,260
62,630
74,400
236,720
146,690
98,690
26,020
29,430
321,850
66,030
63,030
145,110
31.65
25.68
32.76
31.05
40.76
44.69
30.09
37.59
20.18
30.55
25.53
17.08
30.71
65,840
53,410
68,140
64,580
84,780
92,970
62,600
78,180
41,970
63,540
53,090
35,520
63,880
28.57
22.77
31.41
26.56
35.17
33.20
27.31
34.10
18.02
26.30
23.12
14.14
27.48
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Computer and mathematical science occupations
Computer and information scientists, research..................................................................
Computer programmers.....................................................................................................
Computer software engineers, applications.......................................................................
Computer software engineers, systems software..............................................................
Computer support specialists.............................................................................................
Computer systems analysts...............................................................................................
Database administrators....................................................................................................
Network and computer systems administrators.................................................................
Network systems and data communications analysts........................................................
Computer specialists, all other...........................................................................................
3,308,260
26,610
394,230
494,160
381,830
545,520
489,890
115,770
327,850
230,410
191,780
$35.82
48.51
35.32
42.26
45.44
22.29
37.90
35.05
33.45
35.50
36.54
$74,500
100,900
73,470
87,900
94,520
46,370
78,830
72,900
69,570
73,830
76,000
$34.26
47.10
33.47
41.07
44.44
20.89
36.30
33.53
31.88
34.18
36.13
Actuaries............................................................................................................................
Mathematicians..................................................................................................................
Operations research analysts............................................................................................
Statisticians........................................................................................................................
Mathematical technicians...................................................................................................
Mathematical scientists, all other.......................................................................................
18,220
2,770
60,860
20,680
1,100
6,600
46.14
45.65
35.68
35.96
20.24
31.55
95,980
94,960
74,220
74,790
42,100
65,630
40.77
45.75
33.17
34.91
18.46
26.44
Architecture and engineering occupations
Architects, except landscape and naval.............................................................................
Landscape architects.........................................................................................................
Cartographers and photogrammetrists..............................................................................
Surveyors...........................................................................................................................
2,521,630
110,990
21,130
11,690
55,780
34.34
36.90
30.77
27.87
26.91
71,430
76,750
64,000
57,980
55,980
32.09
33.81
28.35
24.60
25.47
Aerospace engineers.........................................................................................................
Agricultural engineers........................................................................................................
Biomedical engineers.........................................................................................................
Chemical engineers...........................................................................................................
Civil engineers...................................................................................................................
Computer hardware engineers..........................................................................................
Electrical engineers............................................................................................................
Electronics engineers, except computer............................................................................
Environmental engineers...................................................................................................
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors..................
Industrial engineers............................................................................................................
Marine engineers and naval architects..............................................................................
Materials engineers............................................................................................................
Mechanical engineers........................................................................................................
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................................
Nuclear engineers..............................................................................................................
Petroleum engineers..........................................................................................................
Engineers, all other............................................................................................................
67,800
2,640
15,220
30,970
261,360
73,370
154,670
139,930
52,590
25,190
214,580
6,480
24,160
233,610
6,900
16,640
20,880
169,240
45.18
35.02
39.00
42.67
37.77
48.16
41.04
42.63
37.49
35.50
36.41
37.46
40.48
37.59
38.42
47.96
57.28
42.83
93,980
72,850
81,120
88,760
78,560
100,180
85,350
88,670
77,970
73,830
75,740
77,920
84,200
78,200
79,910
99,750
119,140
89,080
44.48
33.04
37.21
40.71
35.87
46.83
39.50
41.52
35.59
34.85
35.49
35.64
39.34
36.02
36.52
46.68
51.93
42.58
Architectural and civil drafters............................................................................................
Electrical and electronics drafters......................................................................................
Mechanical drafters............................................................................................................
Drafters, all other...............................................................................................................
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians..........................................................
Civil engineering technicians.............................................................................................
Electrical and electronic engineering technicians..............................................................
Electro-mechanical technicians.........................................................................................
Environmental engineering technicians.............................................................................
Industrial engineering technicians......................................................................................
Mechanical engineering technicians..................................................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other............................................................
Surveying and mapping technicians..................................................................................
114,910
32,710
77,070
20,720
8,540
88,140
162,330
16,290
20,740
72,820
45,770
73,870
71,920
22.30
25.85
23.36
22.73
27.06
21.98
25.96
23.13
21.36
24.07
24.06
27.19
18.03
46,390
53,770
48,600
47,290
56,280
45,730
53,990
48,110
44,440
50,070
50,040
56,560
37,500
21.39
24.67
22.42
21.60
26.46
21.29
25.60
22.27
19.76
22.69
23.14
27.33
16.88
Life, physical, and social science occupations
Animal scientists................................................................................................................
Food scientists and technologists......................................................................................
Soil and plant scientists.....................................................................................................
Biochemists and biophysicists...........................................................................................
Microbiologists...................................................................................................................
Zoologists and wildlife biologists........................................................................................
Biological scientists, all other.............................................................................................
Conservation scientists......................................................................................................
Foresters............................................................................................................................
Epidemiologists..................................................................................................................
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists.........................................................................
Life scientists, all other.......................................................................................................
1,296,840
2,760
10,510
10,790
22,230
15,750
17,780
28,290
15,830
10,160
4,370
99,750
12,030
30.90
29.64
31.06
30.82
42.53
33.73
28.28
32.71
28.93
26.46
31.01
39.36
33.18
64,280
61,640
64,610
64,110
88,450
70,150
58,820
68,030
60,170
55,040
64,500
81,870
69,020
27.51
26.94
28.61
28.07
39.83
30.94
26.58
31.29
28.23
25.84
29.50
34.90
29.55
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Life, physical, and social science occupations —Continued
Astronomers.......................................................................................................................
Physicists...........................................................................................................................
Atmospheric and space scientists......................................................................................
Chemists............................................................................................................................
Materials scientists.............................................................................................................
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.................................................
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers.........................................................
Hydrologists.......................................................................................................................
Physical scientists, all other...............................................................................................
1,280
14,810
8,860
83,080
9,650
80,120
31,260
7,590
22,900
$47.95
51.17
39.46
34.17
39.23
31.39
42.93
35.36
44.16
$99,730
106,440
82,080
71,070
81,600
65,280
89,300
73,540
91,850
$48.70
49.47
39.08
31.84
38.57
28.72
38.06
34.35
43.99
Economists........................................................................................................................
Market research analysts...................................................................................................
Survey researchers............................................................................................................
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists..................................................................
Industrial-organizational psychologists..............................................................................
Psychologists, all other......................................................................................................
12,600
230,070
21,100
97,880
1,460
9,870
43.67
32.37
20.22
33.74
41.57
43.49
90,830
67,340
42,060
70,190
86,460
90,460
40.19
29.36
17.42
30.84
37.03
41.41
Sociologists........................................................................................................................
Urban and regional planners..............................................................................................
Anthropologists and archeologists.....................................................................................
Geographers......................................................................................................................
Historians...........................................................................................................................
Political scientists...............................................................................................................
Social scientists and related workers, all other..................................................................
4,390
37,120
5,230
1,120
3,700
3,530
28,680
36.28
30.00
27.55
32.13
27.49
47.75
34.49
75,460
62,400
57,300
66,830
57,180
99,320
71,730
32.96
28.75
25.92
32.02
26.22
50.06
33.04
Agricultural and food science technicians..........................................................................
Biological technicians.........................................................................................................
Chemical technicians.........................................................................................................
Geological and petroleum technicians...............................................................................
Nuclear technicians............................................................................................................
Social science research assistants....................................................................................
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health.................................
Forensic science technicians.............................................................................................
Forest and conservation technicians.................................................................................
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other.....................................................
18,930
72,200
65,830
14,570
6,360
18,120
33,370
11,990
30,850
58,070
17.53
19.67
21.02
27.44
32.17
18.23
20.76
25.46
16.98
20.63
36,470
40,900
43,710
57,080
66,910
37,920
43,180
52,960
35,320
42,910
16.34
18.46
20.25
25.65
32.64
17.14
19.34
23.97
15.39
19.25
Community and social services occupations
Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors......................................................
Educational, vocational, and school counselors................................................................
Marriage and family therapists...........................................................................................
Mental health counselors...................................................................................................
Rehabilitation counselors...................................................................................................
Counselors, all other..........................................................................................................
Child, family, and school social workers............................................................................
Medical and public health social workers...........................................................................
Mental health and substance abuse social workers...........................................................
Social workers, all other.....................................................................................................
Health educators................................................................................................................
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists...................................................
Social and human service assistants.................................................................................
Community and social service specialists, all other...........................................................
Clergy.................................................................................................................................
Directors, religious activities and education.......................................................................
Religious workers, all other................................................................................................
1,861,750
79,180
243,100
24,520
104,650
112,700
29,980
274,140
131,730
131,010
68,230
62,120
97,130
332,880
107,910
42,040
14,790
5,640
20.09
19.07
25.74
22.56
19.36
16.64
20.31
20.73
22.87
19.05
23.16
23.36
23.81
14.03
19.21
21.85
19.36
15.56
41,790
39,670
53,540
46,930
40,270
34,600
42,240
43,120
47,560
39,630
48,180
48,590
49,520
29,170
39,950
45,440
40,260
32,360
18.38
17.80
24.54
21.44
17.70
14.87
19.20
19.01
21.95
17.89
22.22
21.16
22.07
13.12
18.11
20.06
17.35
13.30
Legal occupations
Lawyers..............................................................................................................................
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers............................................
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators..............................................................................
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates.....................................................................
Paralegals and legal assistants.........................................................................................
Court reporters...................................................................................................................
Law clerks..........................................................................................................................
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers......................................................................
Legal support workers, all other.........................................................................................
1,003,270
553,690
13,370
9,570
25,470
253,040
17,930
31,500
59,390
39,310
44.36
59.98
38.88
28.68
48.29
23.46
24.98
19.51
20.24
27.24
92,270
124,750
80,870
59,650
100,450
48,790
51,960
40,580
42,090
56,660
34.49
53.17
36.99
24.36
52.99
22.18
23.90
17.85
18.41
24.16
Education, training, and library occupations
Business teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................
Computer science teachers, postsecondary......................................................................
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary................................................................
8,451,250
69,690
32,520
45,710
23.30
(²)
(²)
(²)
48,460
77,340
74,050
68,130
21.26
(²)
(²)
(²)
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Education, training, and library occupations —Continued
Architecture teachers, postsecondary................................................................................
Engineering teachers, postsecondary................................................................................
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary..................................................................
Biological science teachers, postsecondary......................................................................
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary............................................
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary......................
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary...............................................................
Physics teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................
6,430
32,070
10,000
51,930
2,450
9,650
19,950
4,870
12,350
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
$75,450
90,070
77,770
83,270
67,400
81,470
76,310
74,610
81,880
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary....................................................
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary...............................................
Economics teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................
Geography teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................
Political science teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................
Psychology teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................
Sociology teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other...........................................................
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary..............................................................
Education teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................
Library science teachers, postsecondary...........................................................................
5,500
7,570
12,540
4,030
14,340
31,420
16,440
5,720
125,100
46,890
55,880
3,960
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
73,410
70,560
88,330
67,480
75,960
69,560
68,900
74,720
102,000
62,660
60,080
61,630
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary........................................
Law teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................
Social work teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................................................................
Communications teachers, postsecondary........................................................................
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary.................................................
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary.................................................
History teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary..............................................................
Graduate teaching assistants............................................................................................
Home economics teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary...................................................
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary..................................................................
Postsecondary teachers, all other......................................................................................
11,630
12,490
7,930
76,810
24,360
62,230
26,400
21,020
18,370
124,380
4,820
17,410
112,940
242,780
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
24.46
(²)
59,830
101,170
64,680
65,030
63,330
63,610
65,280
68,360
65,140
31,710
70,420
60,700
50,870
71,320
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
22.76
(²)
Preschool teachers, except special education...................................................................
Kindergarten teachers, except special education..............................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special education.....................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education.....................................
Vocational education teachers, middle school...................................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education..............................
Vocational education teachers, secondary school.............................................................
Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school..................
Special education teachers, middle school........................................................................
Special education teachers, secondary school..................................................................
Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors..............................
Self-enrichment education teachers..................................................................................
Teachers and instructors, all other.....................................................................................
392,170
174,530
1,544,270
661,820
15,720
1,090,490
99,800
226,250
100,650
147,210
73,050
163,190
574,540
12.80
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
23.95
19.68
(²)
26,610
49,770
52,240
52,570
50,150
54,390
53,700
52,970
53,540
55,050
49,830
40,920
40,770
11.48
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
22.26
17.17
(²)
Archivists............................................................................................................................
Curators.............................................................................................................................
Museum technicians and conservators..............................................................................
Librarians...........................................................................................................................
Library technicians.............................................................................................................
Audio-visual collections specialists....................................................................................
Farm and home management advisors.............................................................................
Instructional coordinators...................................................................................................
Teacher assistants.............................................................................................................
Education, training, and library workers, all other..............................................................
5,330
10,820
10,200
151,170
113,510
6,160
10,760
122,180
1,266,900
99,900
23.18
24.78
19.59
26.30
14.49
21.90
21.46
28.74
(²)
19.50
48,220
51,540
40,750
54,700
30,130
45,540
44,630
59,780
23,560
40,560
21.64
22.70
17.63
25.26
13.86
20.86
19.97
27.35
(²)
17.07
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
Art directors........................................................................................................................
Craft artists.........................................................................................................................
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators..................................................
Multi-media artists and animators......................................................................................
Artists and related workers, all other..................................................................................
1,804,940
33,670
5,440
9,380
31,500
8,470
24.36
42.55
15.66
23.22
29.99
26.51
50,670
88,510
32,570
48,300
62,380
55,140
19.99
37.01
13.98
20.51
27.08
24.81
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations —Continued
Commercial and industrial designers.................................................................................
Fashion designers..............................................................................................................
Floral designers.................................................................................................................
Graphic designers..............................................................................................................
Interior designers...............................................................................................................
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers...................................................................
Set and exhibit designers...................................................................................................
Designers, all other............................................................................................................
32,940
16,920
57,500
209,290
53,290
63,320
7,940
11,160
$29.60
34.33
11.78
22.48
24.53
13.73
23.40
24.10
$61,580
71,400
24,510
46,750
51,020
28,560
48,660
50,130
$27.57
29.41
11.17
20.39
21.61
12.47
21.47
21.07
Actors.................................................................................................................................
Producers and directors.....................................................................................................
Athletes and sports competitors.........................................................................................
Coaches and scouts..........................................................................................................
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials.....................................................................
Dancers..............................................................................................................................
Choreographers.................................................................................................................
Music directors and composers.........................................................................................
Musicians and singers.......................................................................................................
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other...................................
44,360
78,060
13,960
175,720
12,970
11,370
13,860
9,120
47,030
36,190
29.05
39.92
(²)
(²)
(²)
15.06
20.13
26.36
28.28
17.91
(²)
83,030
79,460
35,580
28,330
(²)
41,870
54,840
(²)
(²)
16.59
30.98
(²)
(²)
(²)
12.22
18.52
19.84
21.24
14.62
Radio and television announcers.......................................................................................
Public address system and other announcers...................................................................
Broadcast news analysts...................................................................................................
Reporters and correspondents..........................................................................................
Public relations specialists.................................................................................................
Editors................................................................................................................................
Technical writers................................................................................................................
Writers and authors...........................................................................................................
Interpreters and translators................................................................................................
Media and communication workers, all other.....................................................................
37,290
8,280
6,310
50,690
240,610
110,010
47,460
44,170
36,610
24,470
19.43
18.04
34.00
21.17
28.34
27.49
30.87
31.04
20.74
22.97
40,410
37,530
70,730
44,030
58,960
57,180
64,210
64,560
43,130
47,770
12.95
13.18
24.65
16.75
24.65
24.04
29.62
25.51
18.68
19.99
Audio and video equipment technicians............................................................................
Broadcast technicians........................................................................................................
Radio operators.................................................................................................................
Sound engineering technicians..........................................................................................
Photographers...................................................................................................................
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture...................................................
Film and video editors........................................................................................................
Media and communication equipment workers, all other...................................................
45,200
33,550
820
16,600
61,670
19,270
18,720
19,770
19.86
18.30
18.52
25.53
17.14
22.94
30.05
26.98
41,310
38,070
38,520
53,110
35,640
47,710
62,500
56,120
18.30
15.82
17.85
22.83
14.15
20.03
24.31
25.45
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
Chiropractors.....................................................................................................................
Dentists, general................................................................................................................
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons.........................................................................................
Orthodontists......................................................................................................................
Prosthodontists..................................................................................................................
Dentists, all other specialists..............................................................................................
Dietitians and nutritionists..................................................................................................
Optometrists.......................................................................................................................
Pharmacists.......................................................................................................................
7,076,800
27,050
85,910
4,760
5,500
370
4,770
53,630
25,970
266,410
32.64
39.11
74.17
91.55
93.72
81.64
68.30
24.75
50.58
50.13
67,890
81,340
154,270
190,420
194,930
169,810
142,070
51,470
105,200
104,260
27.20
31.97
68.69
(³)
(³)
(³)
66.33
24.32
46.31
51.16
Anesthesiologists...............................................................................................................
Family and general practitioners........................................................................................
Internists, general..............................................................................................................
Obstetricians and gynecologists........................................................................................
Pediatricians, general........................................................................................................
Psychiatrists.......................................................................................................................
Surgeons............................................................................................................................
Physicians and surgeons, all other....................................................................................
34,230
106,210
46,980
19,750
29,170
22,140
47,070
262,850
94.99
77.64
84.97
92.68
73.74
74.06
99.41
79.33
197,570
161,490
176,740
192,780
153,370
154,050
206,770
165,000
(³)
75.60
(³)
(³)
70.21
74.13
(³)
(³)
Physician assistants...........................................................................................................
Podiatrists..........................................................................................................................
Registered nurses..............................................................................................................
Audiologists........................................................................................................................
Occupational therapists.....................................................................................................
71,950
9,670
2,542,760
12,480
94,800
39.24
60.46
31.31
31.49
32.65
81,610
125,760
65,130
65,500
67,920
39.05
54.60
30.03
29.82
32.10
Physical therapists.............................................................................................................
Radiation therapists...........................................................................................................
Recreational therapists......................................................................................................
Respiratory therapists........................................................................................................
167,300
14,850
22,510
103,870
35.77
36.28
19.20
25.55
74,410
75,450
39,930
53,150
35.00
35.05
18.45
25.10
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations —Continued
Speech-language pathologists...........................................................................................
Therapists, all other...........................................................................................................
Veterinarians......................................................................................................................
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other.......................................................
107,340
12,960
53,110
34,890
$31.80
26.32
43.00
37.76
$66,130
54,750
89,450
78,540
$30.25
24.37
38.01
31.67
Medical and clinical laboratory technologists.....................................................................
Medical and clinical laboratory technicians........................................................................
Dental hygienists................................................................................................................
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians...................................................................
Diagnostic medical sonographers......................................................................................
Nuclear medicine technologists.........................................................................................
Radiologic technologists and technicians..........................................................................
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics..............................................................
166,510
149,670
173,090
48,040
48,920
21,200
208,570
207,610
25.99
17.86
32.19
23.38
30.12
32.44
25.59
15.38
54,050
37,150
66,950
48,640
62,660
67,480
53,230
31,980
25.72
17.01
32.00
22.60
29.80
32.05
25.10
14.10
Dietetic technicians............................................................................................................
Pharmacy technicians........................................................................................................
Psychiatric technicians.......................................................................................................
Respiratory therapy technicians.........................................................................................
Surgical technologists........................................................................................................
Veterinary technologists and technicians...........................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses............................................................
Medical records and health information technicians..........................................................
Opticians, dispensing.........................................................................................................
Orthotists and prosthetists.................................................................................................
Health technologists and technicians, all other..................................................................
Occupational health and safety specialists........................................................................
Occupational health and safety technicians.......................................................................
Athletic trainers..................................................................................................................
Healthcare practitioner and technical workers, all other....................................................
24,620
324,110
54,800
16,210
89,600
78,920
730,500
168,650
59,470
5,490
74,990
53,250
10,540
15,070
55,750
13.26
13.70
15.48
21.00
19.27
14.35
19.28
15.85
16.85
31.76
19.89
30.31
22.79
(²)
24.28
27,580
28,500
32,190
43,670
40,070
29,850
40,110
32,960
35,060
66,060
41,380
63,030
47,410
41,620
50,510
12.54
13.32
14.06
20.40
18.62
13.89
18.77
14.71
15.77
30.09
18.25
29.93
21.81
(²)
20.98
Healthcare support occupations
Home health aides.............................................................................................................
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants...........................................................................
Psychiatric aides................................................................................................................
Occupational therapist assistants......................................................................................
Occupational therapist aides..............................................................................................
Physical therapist assistants..............................................................................................
Physical therapist aides.....................................................................................................
Massage therapists............................................................................................................
Dental assistants................................................................................................................
Medical assistants..............................................................................................................
Medical equipment preparers............................................................................................
Medical transcriptionists.....................................................................................................
Pharmacy aides.................................................................................................................
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers....................................................
Healthcare support workers, all other................................................................................
3,779,280
892,410
1,422,720
59,050
25,610
7,410
61,820
44,410
51,250
293,090
475,950
44,340
86,200
53,190
71,950
189,890
12.66
10.31
11.84
13.10
23.29
14.22
22.26
11.91
19.16
15.95
13.97
14.08
15.84
10.34
10.96
14.74
26,340
21,440
24,620
27,260
48,440
29,580
46,300
24,770
39,850
33,170
29,060
29,290
32,960
21,500
22,790
30,650
11.80
9.84
11.46
12.77
23.19
12.96
22.18
11.42
16.78
15.57
13.60
13.66
15.41
9.66
10.20
14.11
Protective service occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers.....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives..................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers............................
First-line supervisors/managers, protective service workers, all other..............................
3,128,960
40,840
92,840
53,300
49,310
19.33
28.07
36.93
34.07
22.93
40,200
58,380
76,820
70,860
47,700
16.65
27.58
36.29
32.42
20.95
Fire fighters........................................................................................................................
Fire inspectors and investigators.......................................................................................
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists...............................................................
298,900
12,920
1,580
21.97
26.37
17.50
45,700
54,840
36,400
21.28
25.50
15.09
Bailiffs................................................................................................................................
Correctional officers and jailers..........................................................................................
Detectives and criminal investigators.................................................................................
Fish and game wardens.....................................................................................................
Parking enforcement workers............................................................................................
Police and sheriff's patrol officers......................................................................................
Transit and railroad police..................................................................................................
19,290
428,040
104,480
7,720
9,530
633,710
3,830
18.79
19.88
30.69
26.94
16.36
25.39
23.34
39,090
41,340
63,840
56,030
34,020
52,810
48,540
18.18
18.45
29.29
23.53
15.57
24.72
22.44
Animal control workers.......................................................................................................
Private detectives and investigators..................................................................................
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators.....................................................
Security guards..................................................................................................................
15,480
35,820
9,100
1,046,760
15.38
22.35
15.17
12.42
31,990
46,480
31,550
25,840
14.57
20.08
13.87
11.28
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Protective service occupations—Continued
Crossing guards.................................................................................................................
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers..........................
Protective service workers, all other..................................................................................
68,530
111,560
85,440
$11.68
9.58
15.66
$24,290
19,930
32,580
$10.96
8.87
14.00
Food preparation and serving related occupations
Chefs and head cooks.......................................................................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers........................
Cooks, fast food.................................................................................................................
Cooks, institution and cafeteria..........................................................................................
Cooks, private household..................................................................................................
Cooks, restaurant...............................................................................................................
Cooks, short order.............................................................................................................
Cooks, all other..................................................................................................................
Food preparation workers..................................................................................................
11,438,550
98,040
805,360
559,160
370,920
960
899,620
168,770
17,340
880,480
9.72
20.39
14.81
8.47
11.19
14.91
10.94
9.73
11.91
9.54
20,220
42,410
30,810
17,620
23,260
31,020
22,750
20,230
24,770
19,850
8.59
18.64
13.93
8.12
10.68
11.57
10.57
9.26
11.09
8.96
Bartenders.........................................................................................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food...............................
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop.....................................
Waiters and waitresses......................................................................................................
Food servers, nonrestaurant..............................................................................................
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers............................................
Dishwashers.......................................................................................................................
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop...............................................
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other....................................................
503,420
2,708,840
527,530
2,371,750
188,390
416,410
521,150
349,990
50,420
9.84
8.36
8.90
9.41
10.19
8.72
8.54
8.93
10.32
20,460
17,400
18,520
19,580
21,190
18,140
17,750
18,570
21,460
8.54
7.90
8.42
8.01
9.32
8.05
8.19
8.42
9.39
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers...........................
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and
groundskeeping workers.............................................................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners.....................................
Maids and housekeeping cleaners....................................................................................
Building cleaning workers, all other....................................................................................
Pest control workers...........................................................................................................
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................................................
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation.................................................
Tree trimmers and pruners................................................................................................
Grounds maintenance workers, all other...........................................................................
4,429,870
183,560
11.72
17.46
24,370
36,310
10.52
16.34
108,940
2,145,320
917,120
13,580
63,180
921,900
25,060
35,420
15,790
20.67
11.30
9.76
13.78
14.92
11.95
15.01
15.12
13.07
42,990
23,500
20,290
28,660
31,040
24,860
31,210
31,450
27,180
19.19
10.31
9.13
13.09
14.37
11.13
14.31
14.41
10.76
Personal care and service occupations
Gaming supervisors...........................................................................................................
Slot key persons................................................................................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers............................................
Animal trainers...................................................................................................................
Nonfarm animal caretakers................................................................................................
3,437,520
26,110
15,390
129,070
10,030
126,740
11.59
22.40
13.68
18.38
14.99
10.36
24,120
46,600
28,460
38,230
31,190
21,550
9.82
21.87
12.24
16.78
13.11
9.31
Gaming dealers..................................................................................................................
Gaming and sports book writers and runners....................................................................
Gaming service workers, all other......................................................................................
Motion picture projectionists..............................................................................................
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers.......................................................................
Amusement and recreation attendants..............................................................................
Costume attendants...........................................................................................................
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants....................................................
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other....................................................
Embalmers.........................................................................................................................
Funeral attendants.............................................................................................................
Barbers..............................................................................................................................
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists...................................................................
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance.......................................................................
Manicurists and pedicurists................................................................................................
Shampooers.......................................................................................................................
Skin care specialists..........................................................................................................
91,130
16,140
13,910
10,200
106,570
258,820
5,120
18,170
43,930
8,090
33,060
10,330
355,990
1,930
51,590
15,570
26,300
9.56
10.96
12.16
10.91
9.18
9.10
15.46
10.33
10.06
18.90
11.19
12.79
12.82
18.76
10.60
8.80
15.40
19,890
22,800
25,290
22,700
19,100
18,930
32,150
21,490
20,920
39,320
23,270
26,610
26,660
39,020
22,040
18,300
32,040
7.84
9.46
11.58
9.46
8.35
8.40
12.62
9.48
9.39
18.32
10.63
11.56
11.13
12.63
9.46
8.32
13.81
Baggage porters and bellhops...........................................................................................
Concierges.........................................................................................................................
Tour guides and escorts....................................................................................................
Travel guides.....................................................................................................................
Flight attendants................................................................................................................
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants and baggage porters.........................
49,770
20,380
31,760
4,510
99,480
21,870
11.14
13.52
12.09
16.18
(²)
10.76
23,170
28,120
25,150
33,660
39,840
22,370
9.49
13.07
11.19
14.60
(²)
9.98
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Personal care and service occupations—Continued
Child care workers.............................................................................................................
Personal and home care aides..........................................................................................
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors...........................................................................
Recreation workers............................................................................................................
Residential advisors...........................................................................................................
Personal care and service workers, all other.....................................................................
581,670
614,190
229,030
282,680
52,240
75,780
$9.79
9.47
16.50
11.81
12.17
10.88
$20,350
19,690
34,310
24,570
25,320
22,630
$9.12
9.22
14.04
10.56
11.26
9.59
Sales and related occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers.....................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers..............................................
Cashiers.............................................................................................................................
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers....................................................................
14,336,430
1,186,270
275,390
3,545,610
22,280
17.35
19.19
38.40
9.08
11.00
36,080
39,910
79,870
18,880
22,890
11.69
16.97
32.74
8.49
10.57
Counter and rental clerks...................................................................................................
Parts salespersons............................................................................................................
Retail salespersons............................................................................................................
448,480
226,530
4,426,280
11.74
14.83
12.04
24,430
30,850
25,050
10.05
13.71
9.86
161,550
327,780
271,900
86,420
569,130
415,120
25.56
29.06
44.26
15.61
28.38
38.11
53,170
60,440
92,050
32,470
59,030
79,260
20.90
21.84
33.02
14.70
23.77
33.75
1,493,760
83,540
1,660
51,390
164,080
78,030
345,220
9,520
146,480
29.55
13.05
14.50
37.13
26.16
43.16
11.91
13.27
20.10
61,470
27,150
30,160
77,240
54,410
89,770
24,770
27,600
41,810
24.68
11.18
13.18
27.64
19.30
39.95
10.56
10.09
16.99
Office and administrative support occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers..................
Switchboard operators, including answering service.........................................................
Telephone operators..........................................................................................................
Communications equipment operators, all other...............................................................
23,231,750
1,404,330
153,860
22,820
3,500
15.49
23.42
12.14
16.25
17.79
32,220
48,700
25,250
33,800
37,000
14.32
22.02
11.65
15.23
16.85
Bill and account collectors.................................................................................................
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators..............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks...................................................................
Gaming cage workers........................................................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks..........................................................................................
Procurement clerks............................................................................................................
Tellers................................................................................................................................
408,760
512,120
1,855,010
17,060
203,210
79,610
600,380
15.47
15.44
16.25
12.48
17.07
16.96
11.66
32,180
32,120
33,800
25,970
35,500
35,280
24,250
14.73
14.88
15.63
11.97
16.74
16.72
11.35
Brokerage clerks................................................................................................................
Correspondence clerks......................................................................................................
Court, municipal, and license clerks..................................................................................
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks............................................................................
Customer service representatives.....................................................................................
Eligibility interviewers, government programs....................................................................
File clerks...........................................................................................................................
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks...................................................................................
68,430
13,450
115,070
65,020
2,233,270
112,510
204,760
230,230
19.89
15.04
16.88
15.37
15.28
19.16
12.16
9.92
41,370
31,280
35,120
31,980
31,790
39,850
25,290
20,630
18.61
14.73
15.96
14.61
14.36
18.90
11.44
9.37
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan..............................................................................
Library assistants, clerical..................................................................................................
Loan interviewers and clerks.............................................................................................
New accounts clerks..........................................................................................................
Order clerks.......................................................................................................................
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping..........................................
Receptionists and information clerks.................................................................................
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.........................................
All other information and record clerks..............................................................................
224,690
114,740
212,340
87,300
248,030
164,340
1,097,610
163,880
215,780
13.96
11.68
16.29
14.90
14.08
17.70
12.21
15.41
16.78
29,040
24,290
33,890
30,990
29,300
36,810
25,400
32,060
34,910
13.53
10.88
15.61
14.53
13.46
17.19
11.80
14.94
16.15
Cargo and freight agents...................................................................................................
Couriers and messengers..................................................................................................
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers............................................................................
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................................................................
85,950
96,110
96,360
193,210
18.67
12.07
16.99
17.58
38,830
25,100
35,340
36,560
17.92
11.22
16.19
16.28
Advertising sales agents....................................................................................................
Insurance sales agents......................................................................................................
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents............................................
Travel agents.....................................................................................................................
Sales representatives, services, all other..........................................................................
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products……
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific
products.........................................................................................................................
Demonstrators and product promoters..............................................................................
Models...............................................................................................................................
Real estate brokers............................................................................................................
Real estate sales agents....................................................................................................
Sales engineers.................................................................................................................
Telemarketers....................................................................................................................
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.....................
Sales and related workers, all other...................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Office and administrative support occupations —Continued
Meter readers, utilities........................................................................................................
Postal service clerks..........................................................................................................
Postal service mail carriers................................................................................................
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators....................
Production, planning, and expediting clerks.......................................................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks................................................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers..............................................................................................
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................................
44,730
78,250
354,570
185,770
281,660
760,950
1,873,390
72,720
$16.77
c 24.11
c 22.58
c 21.87
20.26
14.03
11.13
13.70
$34,890
c 50,150
c 46,970
c 45,490
42,150
29,180
23,140
28,500
$15.84
c 24.54
c 23.94
c 24.05
19.46
13.30
10.00
12.95
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants..........................................................
Legal secretaries................................................................................................................
Medical secretaries............................................................................................................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive.............................................................
1,491,520
257,810
454,500
1,872,070
20.35
20.02
14.81
14.42
42,340
41,640
30,800
29,990
19.24
19.16
14.27
13.96
Computer operators...........................................................................................................
Data entry keyers...............................................................................................................
Word processors and typists.............................................................................................
Desktop publishers............................................................................................................
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................................................................
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service.........................................
Office clerks, general.........................................................................................................
Office machine operators, except computer......................................................................
Proofreaders and copy markers.........................................................................................
Statistical assistants...........................................................................................................
Office and administrative support workers, all other..........................................................
107,450
272,810
128,010
26,210
237,800
137,350
2,906,600
79,470
15,300
16,900
272,190
17.82
13.04
15.73
18.62
16.75
12.70
12.90
13.13
15.50
17.32
15.15
37,070
27,110
32,710
38,740
34,830
26,420
26,830
27,310
32,240
36,020
31,510
17.11
12.56
15.09
17.59
15.91
12.07
12.17
12.40
14.66
16.76
14.10
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.........................
Farm labor contractors.......................................................................................................
Agricultural inspectors........................................................................................................
Animal breeders.................................................................................................................
Graders and sorters, agricultural products.........................................................................
Agricultural equipment operators.......................................................................................
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse..............................................
Farmworkers, farm and ranch animals..............................................................................
Agricultural workers, all other.............................................................................................
Fishers and related fishing workers...................................................................................
Forest and conservation workers.......................................................................................
Fallers................................................................................................................................
Logging equipment operators............................................................................................
Log graders and scalers....................................................................................................
Logging workers, all other..................................................................................................
438,490
20,800
1,110
14,340
2,080
37,500
22,110
242,390
38,110
7,680
1,110
8,280
7,120
27,010
3,610
5,180
11.32
20.55
17.62
19.87
15.90
9.85
11.77
9.27
11.02
13.13
13.68
12.55
16.43
15.76
16.51
15.82
23,560
42,740
36,640
41,330
33,070
20,490
24,490
19,280
22,920
27,310
28,460
26,110
34,180
32,780
34,330
32,900
9.34
19.11
16.10
19.80
13.02
9.06
10.92
8.64
10.13
12.00
13.44
10.98
14.66
15.18
15.64
15.96
Construction and extraction occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers................
Boilermakers......................................................................................................................
Brickmasons and blockmasons.........................................................................................
Stonemasons.....................................................................................................................
Carpenters.........................................................................................................................
Carpet installers.................................................................................................................
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles...............................................................
Floor sanders and finishers................................................................................................
Tile and marble setters......................................................................................................
Cement masons and concrete finishers.............................................................................
Terrazzo workers and finishers..........................................................................................
Construction laborers.........................................................................................................
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators........................................................
Pile-driver operators...........................................................................................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators....................................
Drywall and ceiling tile installers........................................................................................
Tapers................................................................................................................................
6,548,760
577,390
20,400
106,270
18,910
899,920
34,390
14,250
8,220
51,210
201,730
5,550
1,020,290
61,230
4,790
398,910
128,740
31,850
20.36
29.46
25.53
22.95
19.68
20.64
19.87
19.03
16.93
20.13
18.75
18.90
15.51
17.54
24.83
20.97
19.68
22.07
42,350
61,280
53,100
47,740
40,930
42,940
41,330
39,580
35,220
41,870
39,000
39,300
32,250
36,490
51,640
43,630
40,940
45,900
18.24
27.95
25.13
21.94
18.17
18.72
17.80
17.50
15.41
18.85
16.87
17.25
13.71
16.00
23.01
18.88
18.12
21.03
Electricians.........................................................................................................................
Glaziers..............................................................................................................................
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall..........................................................................
Insulation workers, mechanical..........................................................................................
Painters, construction and maintenance............................................................................
633,010
51,730
28,390
30,150
250,310
23.98
18.74
16.79
19.99
17.56
49,890
38,990
34,920
41,570
36,510
22.32
17.11
15.34
17.95
15.85
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Construction and extraction occupations —Continued
Paperhangers....................................................................................................................
Pipelayers..........................................................................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters...............................................................................
Plasterers and stucco masons...........................................................................................
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers....................................................................................
Roofers..............................................................................................................................
Sheet metal workers..........................................................................................................
Structural iron and steel workers........................................................................................
4,610
54,440
437,540
43,290
28,620
120,200
163,480
68,670
$19.00
17.45
23.65
19.27
21.34
18.00
21.30
22.68
$39,520
36,300
49,200
40,070
44,380
37,430
44,310
47,170
$16.76
15.72
21.94
18.01
19.18
16.17
19.37
20.68
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters.............
Helpers--carpenters...........................................................................................................
Helpers--electricians..........................................................................................................
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons....................................
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters..............................................
Helpers--roofers.................................................................................................................
Helpers, construction trades, all other...............................................................................
53,300
81,260
104,050
19,900
79,870
18,730
27,210
14.24
12.69
13.20
11.70
13.10
11.85
13.04
29,610
26,390
27,450
24,330
27,260
24,660
27,130
13.19
12.21
12.69
11.23
12.73
11.47
12.01
Construction and building inspectors.................................................................................
Elevator installers and repairers........................................................................................
Fence erectors...................................................................................................................
Hazardous materials removal workers...............................................................................
Highway maintenance workers..........................................................................................
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators...................................................
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners..................................................................
Segmental pavers..............................................................................................................
Construction and related workers, all other........................................................................
96,000
25,070
25,710
42,500
136,420
15,020
24,730
1,170
55,820
25.08
32.57
14.49
19.37
16.84
21.57
17.09
13.68
16.91
52,160
67,750
30,130
40,290
35,040
44,870
35,550
28,450
35,170
24.12
33.35
13.49
17.94
16.35
21.26
16.19
13.17
15.65
Derrick operators, oil and gas............................................................................................
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas......................................................................................
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining.......................................................................
Earth drillers, except oil and gas........................................................................................
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters..........................................
Continuous mining machine operators..............................................................................
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators...............................................................
Mining machine operators, all other...................................................................................
Rock splitters, quarry.........................................................................................................
Roof bolters, mining...........................................................................................................
Roustabouts, oil and gas...................................................................................................
Helpers--extraction workers...............................................................................................
Extraction workers, all other...............................................................................................
23,590
27,020
36,850
20,220
6,060
10,920
9,190
4,650
4,210
4,950
62,540
25,550
7,800
20.18
26.14
19.86
19.88
21.39
21.91
19.96
20.79
14.50
21.97
15.70
16.36
19.89
41,980
54,370
41,320
41,360
44,490
45,570
41,510
43,240
30,160
45,690
32,660
34,030
41,370
20.15
23.94
18.07
18.39
20.18
22.09
19.94
20.62
13.41
21.74
14.72
15.74
18.49
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers...........................
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers................................................
Radio mechanics...............................................................................................................
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.................
Avionics technicians...........................................................................................................
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers...............................................................
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment....................
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........................
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay...........................
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles...........................................
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers...................................
Security and fire alarm systems installers..........................................................................
5,374,850
443,840
122,400
5,440
195,170
18,360
23,400
15,860
77,270
23,180
19,980
38,680
62,720
19.82
28.44
18.95
20.45
25.31
23.73
17.84
21.60
23.68
29.18
14.31
16.26
18.57
41,230
59,160
39,420
42,530
52,650
49,360
37,110
44,940
49,260
60,700
29,770
33,830
38,630
18.60
27.55
18.18
19.36
26.73
23.71
16.96
21.37
23.29
29.34
13.29
15.42
17.63
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians.......................................................................
Automotive body and related repairers..............................................................................
Automotive glass installers and repairers..........................................................................
Automotive service technicians and mechanics................................................................
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists....................................................
Farm equipment mechanics...............................................................................................
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines........................................................
Rail car repairers................................................................................................................
Motorboat mechanics.........................................................................................................
Motorcycle mechanics.......................................................................................................
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics..........................................
Bicycle repairers................................................................................................................
Recreational vehicle service technicians...........................................................................
Tire repairers and changers...............................................................................................
116,310
147,200
18,330
649,460
248,620
30,240
125,930
20,780
19,640
16,850
26,440
9,690
13,400
98,520
24.83
19.21
15.95
18.05
19.57
15.79
21.30
21.59
17.35
16.10
14.41
11.61
16.05
11.46
51,650
39,950
33,180
37,540
40,710
32,850
44,300
44,920
36,080
33,490
29,970
24,140
33,380
23,830
24.71
17.81
15.44
16.88
18.94
15.32
20.59
21.48
16.60
15.08
13.91
11.15
15.14
10.80
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations—Continued
Mechanical door repairers.................................................................................................
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door..................................
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers................................
Home appliance repairers..................................................................................................
Industrial machinery mechanics.........................................................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general..........................................................................
Maintenance workers, machinery......................................................................................
Millwrights..........................................................................................................................
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons..........................................................
Electrical power-line installers and repairers......................................................................
Telecommunications line installers and repairers..............................................................
Camera and photographic equipment repairers................................................................
Medical equipment repairers..............................................................................................
Musical instrument repairers and tuners............................................................................
Watch repairers.................................................................................................................
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other....................................................
17,530
43,900
261,610
37,300
280,620
1,305,170
73,650
46,250
2,450
111,580
168,050
3,820
34,260
5,310
2,770
12,990
$17.00
22.72
20.31
17.16
21.77
17.13
18.56
24.05
20.07
26.11
22.75
18.27
21.17
17.28
18.08
24.23
$35,360
47,260
42,240
35,690
45,280
35,630
38,610
50,030
41,750
54,300
47,330
37,990
44,030
35,950
37,600
50,400
$16.11
22.62
19.08
16.30
20.99
16.21
17.69
22.87
19.78
26.49
23.12
16.49
19.96
15.90
16.66
23.54
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers.....................................
Commercial divers.............................................................................................................
Fabric menders, except garment.......................................................................................
Locksmiths and safe repairers...........................................................................................
Manufactured building and mobile home installers............................................................
Riggers...............................................................................................................................
Signal and track switch repairers.......................................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers.....................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other.....................................................
41,280
2,370
960
18,500
8,290
13,490
6,570
149,350
139,100
14.89
26.42
13.42
17.26
14.17
20.49
23.59
12.34
17.89
30,970
54,940
27,920
35,900
29,460
42,620
49,060
25,670
37,220
14.39
22.28
13.69
16.57
13.58
19.77
23.89
11.46
16.46
Production occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers..............................
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers...........................................
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers.....................................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers................................................................
Electromechanical equipment assemblers........................................................................
Engine and other machine assemblers..............................................................................
Structural metal fabricators and fitters...............................................................................
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators................................................................................
Team assemblers..............................................................................................................
Timing device assemblers, adjusters, and calibrators.......................................................
Assemblers and fabricators, all other.................................................................................
9,919,120
658,500
43,330
22,160
215,230
62,310
39,270
111,620
30,890
1,131,060
2,700
318,060
15.54
25.72
20.96
13.81
14.14
14.67
16.78
16.28
13.79
13.28
14.76
15.79
32,320
53,500
43,600
28,720
29,410
30,520
34,900
33,860
28,680
27,630
30,710
32,840
13.99
24.25
21.22
13.33
13.22
14.11
15.70
15.58
13.48
12.32
13.73
13.37
Bakers................................................................................................................................
Butchers and meat cutters.................................................................................................
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers......................................................................
Slaughterers and meat packers.........................................................................................
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders..............
Food batchmakers.............................................................................................................
Food cooking machine operators and tenders...................................................................
141,130
128,210
166,150
97,000
17,870
99,170
39,300
12.03
14.28
10.77
11.19
13.76
12.64
11.59
25,020
29,700
22,400
23,270
28,610
26,290
24,110
11.20
13.60
10.49
11.07
12.81
11.62
11.00
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic........................................
Numerical tool and process control programmers.............................................................
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................................
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic.............................................................................................................................
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic .............................................................................................
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...........
143,030
16,990
92,160
28,800
34,970
16.60
22.29
14.92
15.56
17.02
34,520
46,360
31,030
32,370
35,410
16.03
21.30
14.31
14.90
16.40
242,970
33,550
14.15
15.64
29,420
32,520
13.54
14.83
91,990
56,500
15.01
16.38
31,230
34,070
14.16
15.84
26,220
419,070
19,280
15,320
8,990
6,220
15,240
16.56
18.03
17.94
16.11
21.49
18.98
14.61
34,450
37,490
37,310
33,510
44,700
39,490
30,390
16.00
17.41
17.47
15.66
19.55
17.75
14.13
145,760
87,800
14.07
15.76
29,270
32,780
13.17
14.87
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................
Machinists..........................................................................................................................
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders....................................................................
Pourers and casters, metal................................................................................................
Model makers, metal and plastic.......................................................................................
Patternmakers, metal and plastic.......................................................................................
Foundry mold and coremakers..........................................................................................
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic......................................................................................................................
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Production occupations—Continued
Tool and die makers..........................................................................................................
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers...........................................................................
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders........................
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic.....................................................................................
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners.................................................................................
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other......................................................................
85,610
392,520
51,840
23,630
8,340
40,300
16,410
43,690
$23.17
17.01
16.20
15.93
17.87
14.46
16.29
17.10
$48,180
35,370
33,700
33,140
37,170
30,090
33,880
35,570
$22.32
16.13
15.20
15.40
16.79
13.65
15.37
15.61
Bindery workers.................................................................................................................
Bookbinders.......................................................................................................................
Job printers........................................................................................................................
Prepress technicians and workers.....................................................................................
Printing machine operators................................................................................................
60,560
6,150
42,640
61,170
193,510
13.99
16.33
16.98
17.52
16.42
29,100
33,970
35,330
36,440
34,150
13.17
14.92
16.21
16.84
15.46
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.....................................................................................
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials...............................................................
Sewing machine operators.................................................................................................
Shoe and leather workers and repairers............................................................................
Shoe machine operators and tenders................................................................................
Sewers, hand.....................................................................................................................
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers.........................................................................
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders...........................................
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders....................................................
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders.........
221,230
67,500
190,440
8,170
4,910
7,050
31,700
16,180
20,170
30,250
36,540
9.72
9.55
10.43
11.60
12.22
11.14
12.94
11.77
11.45
12.33
11.83
20,230
19,860
21,690
24,130
25,420
23,170
26,920
24,480
23,810
25,650
24,600
9.14
9.15
9.55
11.00
12.06
10.58
12.01
11.38
10.88
12.21
11.53
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and
glass fibers……………………………………………………………………………..
Fabric and apparel patternmakers.....................................................................................
Upholsterers.......................................................................................................................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other............................................................
14,440
7,500
39,090
17,430
15.29
20.28
14.69
13.20
31,800
42,190
30,560
27,450
14.98
18.15
13.94
11.85
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters...............................................................................
Furniture finishers..............................................................................................................
Model makers, wood..........................................................................................................
Patternmakers, wood.........................................................................................................
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood....................................................
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing............................
Woodworkers, all other......................................................................................................
120,960
21,630
1,740
1,930
51,830
88,510
11,260
14.72
13.66
17.16
18.61
13.01
12.44
12.78
30,620
28,410
35,690
38,720
27,070
25,880
26,570
13.93
12.93
15.06
16.35
12.41
11.89
11.57
Nuclear power reactor operators.......................................................................................
Power distributors and dispatchers....................................................................................
Power plant operators........................................................................................................
Stationary engineers and boiler operators.........................................................................
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators..........................................
Chemical plant and system operators................................................................................
Gas plant operators...........................................................................................................
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers................................
Plant and system operators, all other................................................................................
4,970
9,820
34,700
39,000
110,300
44,600
14,500
45,710
12,370
35.34
31.76
28.05
24.36
19.21
25.07
26.61
26.42
23.36
73,510
66,070
58,340
50,660
39,950
52,150
55,350
54,950
48,590
35.25
31.68
28.11
23.94
18.48
25.23
26.81
26.45
23.37
Chemical equipment operators and tenders......................................................................
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters,
operators, and tenders…................................................................................................
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders......................
Grinding and polishing workers, hand................................................................................
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..........................................
Cutters and trimmers, hand...............................................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................................
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters,
operators, and tenders....................................................................................................
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders..............................................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.........................................................
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers...............................................................
Dental laboratory technicians.............................................................................................
Medical appliance technicians...........................................................................................
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians.....................................................................................
52,890
21.92
45,580
21.76
41,200
41,270
40,290
140,120
24,700
76,500
18.27
15.08
13.03
15.70
12.28
14.44
38,010
31,360
27,100
32,650
25,540
30,020
17.64
14.38
12.36
15.04
11.38
13.85
85,130
22,950
467,010
24,780
42,640
12,930
32,930
14.63
15.84
16.29
17.00
17.78
18.58
14.01
30,430
32,950
33,890
35,360
36,990
38,640
29,130
13.92
15.31
15.02
15.84
16.43
16.57
13.08
357,480
103,310
12.76
14.27
26,550
29,680
11.73
13.66
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders.......................................................
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.........................
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
Production occupations—Continued
Painters, transportation equipment....................................................................................
Painting, coating, and decorating workers.........................................................................
Photographic process workers...........................................................................................
Photographic processing machine operators.....................................................................
Semiconductor processors................................................................................................
50,310
31,200
21,040
49,550
32,230
$19.37
12.54
14.14
10.93
16.43
$40,300
26,090
29,410
22,740
34,170
$17.86
11.57
12.51
9.79
15.49
Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders.....................................................
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders.........................
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders....................................................
Etchers and engravers.......................................................................................................
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic..................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................................
Tire builders.......................................................................................................................
Helpers--production workers..............................................................................................
Production workers, all other..............................................................................................
19,640
18,870
9,940
10,760
41,900
104,170
21,740
499,870
280,160
13.96
12.57
13.11
14.14
13.98
16.35
18.31
11.21
14.57
29,030
26,140
27,260
29,400
29,090
34,010
38,080
23,320
30,310
13.23
11.53
12.05
13.22
13.40
15.91
19.35
10.48
12.86
Transportation and material moving occupations
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors....................................................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand............
First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and
vehicle operators............................................................................................................
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers........................................................................
Commercial pilots..............................................................................................................
Air traffic controllers...........................................................................................................
Airfield operations specialists.............................................................................................
9,508,750
4,950
186,230
15.12
22.43
21.33
31,450
46,660
44,380
13.14
19.23
20.18
218,480
77,090
31,250
24,260
8,050
25.94
(²)
(²)
51.97
20.46
53,960
119,750
75,500
108,090
42,550
24.67
(²)
(²)
53.78
19.88
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians.....................
Bus drivers, transit and intercity.........................................................................................
Bus drivers, school.............................................................................................................
Driver/sales workers..........................................................................................................
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer..............................................................................
Truck drivers, light or delivery services..............................................................................
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs................................................................................................
Motor vehicle operators, all other.......................................................................................
21,790
184,160
460,100
372,720
1,672,580
908,960
170,520
78,610
11.25
17.16
13.01
12.52
18.62
14.55
11.32
14.26
23,400
35,700
27,060
26,050
38,720
30,260
23,540
29,650
10.77
16.32
12.79
10.70
17.92
13.27
10.36
11.97
Locomotive engineers........................................................................................................
Locomotive firers................................................................................................................
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers..........................................................
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators.....................................................................
Railroad conductors and yardmasters...............................................................................
Subway and streetcar operators........................................................................................
Rail transportation workers, all other..................................................................................
42,760
970
5,480
24,610
39,580
7,430
4,660
25.71
25.46
16.76
23.75
26.02
23.72
21.25
53,470
52,950
34,850
49,400
54,120
49,330
44,200
23.29
23.17
15.68
22.94
25.40
25.59
21.12
Sailors and marine oilers...................................................................................................
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels.....................................................................
Motorboat operators...........................................................................................................
Ship engineers...................................................................................................................
32,420
30,600
3,380
11,190
17.25
32.56
17.54
31.80
35,880
67,730
36,480
66,140
16.53
29.79
15.34
29.18
Bridge and lock tenders.....................................................................................................
Parking lot attendants........................................................................................................
Service station attendants..................................................................................................
Traffic technicians..............................................................................................................
Transportation inspectors..................................................................................................
Transportation workers, all other.......................................................................................
4,490
136,470
84,480
7,030
24,940
43,330
19.20
9.67
9.78
20.10
28.46
17.11
39,930
20,120
20,340
41,810
59,200
35,590
19.54
9.04
9.11
19.00
26.56
15.87
Conveyor operators and tenders.......................................................................................
Crane and tower operators................................................................................................
Dredge operators...............................................................................................................
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators..................................................
Loading machine operators, underground mining.............................................................
Hoist and winch operators..................................................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor operators.................................................................................
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment..................................................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand....................................................
Machine feeders and offbearers........................................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand...........................................................................................
41,920
44,490
1,910
65,160
3,670
2,810
620,450
330,850
2,335,510
144,820
777,630
14.46
21.84
18.77
18.36
21.26
19.87
14.78
10.43
11.87
12.92
10.15
30,090
45,430
39,040
38,180
44,230
41,340
30,750
21,700
24,690
26,880
21,100
13.95
20.13
16.70
16.93
20.54
17.50
13.98
9.35
10.89
12.29
9.16
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation,
May 2008—Continued
Mean wages
Occupation
Employment
Hourly
Production occupations—Continued
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators........................................................
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers.......................................................................
Wellhead pumpers.............................................................................................................
Refuse and recyclable material collectors..........................................................................
Shuttle car operators..........................................................................................................
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders.......................................................................................
Material moving workers, all other.....................................................................................
4,050
9,280
17,050
129,080
3,050
12,330
41,140
21.35
19.72
18.96
15.76
20.53
19.00
16.68
Annual ¹
Median
hourly wages
44,410
41,020
39,430
32,790
42,700
39,510
34,700
1
21.45
18.81
18.20
14.93
20.29
18.14
15.68
Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those
occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
2
Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries
depending on how they are typically paid.
3
Represents a wage above $80.00 per hour.
c = corrected.
Table 2. Employment by industry and occupational group, May 2008—Continued
Occupational group
Industry
All industries .............................
Agriculture, forestry, fishing,
and hunting.....................................
Mining...............................................
Utilities..............................................
Construction......................................
Manufacturing...................................
Wholesale trade................................
Retail trade.......................................
Transportation and
warehousing…………………...........
Information........................................
Finance and insurance......................
Real estate and rental
and leasing………………................
Professional, scientific, and
technical services...........................
Management of companies
and enterprises...............................
Administrative and support
and waste management
and remediation services................
Educational services.........................
Health care and social
assistance.......................................
Arts, entertainment, and
recreation........................................
Accommodation and food
services..........................................
Other services (except
public administration)......................
Federal, state, and local
government.....................................
1
Data not available.
Healthcare
support
Protective
service
Food
preparation
and serving
related
Building and
grounds
cleaning and
maintenance
Personal
care and
service
Sales and
related
Office and
administrative
support
Farming,
Construction
fishing,
and extraction
and
forestry
Installation,
maintenance,
and repair
Production
Transportation and
material
moving
3,779,280
3,128,960
11,438,550
4,429,870
3,437,520
14,336,430
23,231,750
438,490
6,548,760
5,374,850
9,919,120
9,508,750
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
( 1)
810
970
58,630
390
( 1)
4,840
4,840
18,440
5,320
69,990
( 1)
230
( 1)
( 1)
36,520
5,390
487,980
3,990
1,420
3,030
43,460
85,440
26,420
126,360
5,320
( 1)
( 1)
1,270
770
1,330
88,490
2,480
9,310
9,380
143,020
407,860
1,609,610
8,531,570
20,210
58,430
114,650
721,860
1,310,160
1,422,210
2,676,430
275,050
( 1)
270
( 1)
32,520
50,870
20,200
720
286,610
31,970
4,908,950
247,470
22,680
55,130
7,020
56,130
145,150
555,500
674,560
389,110
790,200
12,250
53,320
80,220
110,950
7,161,840
321,940
429,280
49,790
98,550
11,730
262,950
1,231,100
1,238,450
1,161,480
200
150
2,100
18,510
5,430
12,250
7,700
42,950
1,570
36,860
11,990
13,720
153,690
55,280
1,090
89,640
403,730
745,350
1,552,790
659,520
2,871,320
2,870
( 1)
180
29,690
4,640
1,330
292,930
304,690
12,150
71,620
71,870
3,080
2,761,530
63,020
3,550
4,490
30,890
21,950
159,130
24,130
533,080
483,130
950
31,820
331,970
11,460
143,860
71,320
11,820
5,900
38,550
31,690
350,730
1,855,440
5,140
64,550
76,040
114,560
57,310
7,370
8,790
13,870
11,520
8,770
98,030
562,140
1,270
9,240
44,590
31,080
61,430
99,550
37,640
718,470
108,270
( 1)
466,480
1,711,110
541,700
63,450
214,270
523,730
38,720
1,861,270
1,358,930
( 1)
2,870
300,910
41,160
204,330
148,340
741,830
20,720
943,490
285,060
3,303,300
68,440
527,940
455,710
1,058,470
56,170
2,710,180
860
17,180
126,960
107,950
112,350
5,480
76,300
321,790
193,190
561,700
155,390
187,370
3,590
9,750
69,870
6,550
40,290
7,880
67,470
9,194,110
606,500
143,540
331,150
428,190
560
4,430
98,790
77,170
211,300
33,010
46,640
102,730
106,710
729,010
232,130
602,300
1,260
14,020
658,830
324,420
352,200
146,140
1,851,220
112,190
253,060
295,090
65,340
1,775,220
26,440
466,500
387,720
167,020
419,290
Table 3. Hourly median wage rates by industry and occupational group, May 2008
Occupational group
Industry
All industries ..............................
Agriculture, forestry, fishing,
and hunting.....................................
Mining...............................................
Utilities..............................................
Construction......................................
Manufacturing...................................
Wholesale trade................................
Retail trade........................................
Transportation and warehousing…..
Information........................................
Finance and insurance.....................
Real estate and rental
and leasing………………................
Professional, scientific, and
technical services...........................
Management of companies
and enterprises...............................
Administrative and support
and waste management
and remediation services................
Educational services.........................
Health care and social
assistance.......................................
Arts, entertainment, and
recreation........................................
Accommodation and food
services...........................................
Other services (except
public administration)......................
Federal, state, and local
government.....................................
See footnote at end of table.
Business and Computer and
Management
financial
mathematical
operations
science
Architecture
and
engineering
Life,
physical, Community and
and social social services
science
Legal
Education,
training, and
library
Arts, design,
Healthcare
entertainment,
Healthcare
practitioner and
sports, and
support
technical
media
$42.15
$27.89
$34.26
$32.09
$27.51
$18.38
$34.49
$21.26
$19.99
$27.20
$11.80
33.43
47.88
50.81
41.31
48.41
49.46
35.61
37.71
54.87
50.51
25.01
30.34
33.75
28.13
28.78
27.75
23.11
27.47
31.58
28.19
28.40
33.82
36.45
29.32
38.30
34.92
23.76
32.29
36.16
35.27
26.93
40.95
35.92
30.05
33.04
32.19
28.20
30.06
34.40
37.80
18.55
33.52
34.05
26.59
28.58
30.89
24.35
28.84
35.41
29.24
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
24.99
22.53
18.00
20.93
17.73
22.45
(1)
31.69
50.97
39.82
54.14
51.54
16.97
53.46
52.66
27.34
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
28.88
21.87
15.51
25.50
19.24
25.18
15.73
28.46
30.07
(1)
21.57
19.47
12.85
20.94
21.25
25.22
30.14
29.67
33.76
26.75
26.92
23.09
17.15
22.09
28.91
29.22
(1)
(1)
(1)
10.97
14.54
13.64
9.77
13.17
17.58
14.09
27.39
25.99
27.47
30.87
22.69
17.13
27.68
18.48
19.60
21.57
11.92
56.96
30.33
36.23
30.51
27.64
19.74
35.36
23.79
23.13
19.34
10.20
52.34
29.57
34.96
36.89
33.07
17.84
49.03
15.94
25.91
28.59
13.90
39.50
(1)
24.69
24.85
30.22
24.88
29.27
27.46
24.10
23.87
15.83
25.01
26.30
(1)
19.58
22.18
19.74
16.53
28.14
25.16
12.27
13.84
35.25
23.88
27.81
28.46
28.52
15.97
28.15
10.93
20.50
27.73
11.74
34.59
24.50
25.90
37.48
20.44
14.88
58.77
17.01
17.98
17.48
16.51
23.87
20.94
24.04
28.43
21.06
12.26
36.39
11.88
15.12
21.88
14.21
34.12
24.04
26.92
28.76
24.12
16.45
36.95
12.76
20.72
23.46
14.32
38.13
28.32
32.78
34.11
27.43
20.48
34.02
18.76
24.86
26.57
14.12
Table 3. Hourly median wage rates by industry and occupational group, May 2008—Continued
Occupational group
Industry
All industries ..............................
Agriculture, forestry, fishing,
and hunting.....................................
Mining...............................................
Utilities..............................................
Construction......................................
Manufacturing...................................
Wholesale trade................................
Retail trade........................................
Transportation and warehousing…..
Information........................................
Finance and insurance.....................
Real estate and rental
and leasing………………................
Professional, scientific, and
technical services...........................
Management of companies
and enterprises...............................
Administrative and support
and waste management
and remediation services................
Educational services.........................
Health care and social
assistance.......................................
Arts, entertainment, and
recreation........................................
Accommodation and food
services...........................................
Other services (except
public administration)......................
Federal, state, and local
government.....................................
1
Data not available.
Protective
service
Food
preparation
and serving
related
Building and
grounds
Personal care Sales and
cleaning and and service
related
maintenance
Office and
administrative
support
Farming,
fishing, Construction
and extraction
and
forestry
Installation,
maintenance,
and repair
Production
Transportation and
material
moving
16.65
8.59
10.52
9.82
11.69
14.32
9.34
18.24
18.60
13.99
13.14
10.49
(1)
22.04
(1)
14.51
11.74
11.61
14.93
13.75
17.95
(1)
8.76
(1)
(1)
9.15
8.46
9.21
10.64
7.94
10.46
10.95
10.00
15.16
11.60
11.37
10.95
9.74
19.26
11.03
10.47
11.37
(1)
(1)
10.72
11.12
10.18
9.02
14.65
8.15
11.75
23.97
27.65
22.84
23.93
25.79
24.38
9.62
24.85
20.10
23.49
12.24
15.00
18.29
14.71
15.58
14.44
10.75
19.57
15.67
14.57
8.95
(1)
11.11
(1)
11.37
9.52
9.67
11.95
(1)
11.39
14.35
19.08
25.82
18.16
18.83
17.44
15.94
21.75
23.10
21.77
14.27
20.71
28.06
18.45
20.61
18.60
15.76
21.97
26.85
17.59
9.65
19.89
27.98
16.35
14.46
13.40
11.97
17.54
15.69
16.06
9.89
17.39
21.02
15.56
13.22
13.35
9.87
16.52
11.70
12.30
12.45
9.19
10.91
11.45
12.91
13.76
11.48
18.14
14.96
13.63
11.13
17.93
8.84
11.15
9.08
24.62
15.49
10.03
21.61
21.26
15.09
12.80
15.74
10.15
11.29
10.95
24.13
16.17
12.18
21.46
20.63
16.16
13.70
10.96
13.99
9.25
9.98
10.28
12.71
9.88
10.83
12.69
14.03
12.80
14.66
9.91
(1)
14.67
21.15
16.93
17.86
10.09
18.91
10.23
12.56
13.50
9.78
10.15
9.31
14.52
14.12
8.90
22.04
16.66
10.22
10.63
10.06
9.07
10.21
9.54
9.41
12.55
11.17
20.88
14.89
14.25
11.05
11.38
8.37
9.09
9.25
8.14
10.81
10.08
20.93
13.33
9.82
7.93
9.62
8.66
10.12
10.52
10.42
12.82
11.66
19.16
16.42
10.54
9.34
22.31
10.93
13.31
10.49
12.74
16.32
16.34
19.05
21.29
20.76
17.66
Table 4. National employment and wage data for occupations with wages near the all-occupations median, May 2008
Median wages
Occupation
1
Employment
2
Mean hourly
wages
Hourly
Annual
135,185,230
$15.57
$32,390
$20.32
1,855,010
512,120
237,800
215,780
212,340
193,210
163,880
128,010
115,070
96,360
44,730
22,820
15.63
14.88
15.91
16.15
15.61
16.28
14.94
15.09
15.96
16.19
15.84
15.23
32,510
30,950
33,100
33,600
32,470
33,850
31,070
31,390
33,200
33,670
32,950
31,670
16.25
15.44
16.75
16.78
16.29
17.58
15.41
15.73
16.88
16.99
16.77
16.25
467,010
392,520
193,510
143,030
140,120
111,620
104,170
87,800
56,500
51,840
43,690
42,640
39,270
33,550
32,230
28,800
26,220
24,780
23,630
22,950
16,410
15,320
15.02
16.13
15.46
16.03
15.04
15.58
15.91
14.87
15.84
15.20
15.61
16.21
15.70
14.83
15.49
14.90
16.00
15.84
15.40
15.31
15.37
15.66
31,240
33,560
32,170
33,330
31,280
32,400
33,080
30,920
32,940
31,610
32,460
33,710
32,660
30,850
32,230
31,000
33,270
32,940
32,030
31,840
31,970
32,570
16.29
17.01
16.42
16.60
15.70
16.28
16.35
15.76
16.38
16.20
17.10
16.98
16.78
15.64
16.43
15.56
16.56
17.00
15.93
15.84
16.29
16.11
14,440
6,150
1,930
1,740
14.98
14.92
16.35
15.06
31,160
31,040
34,010
31,320
15.29
16.33
18.61
17.16
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
Maintenance and repair workers, general.....................................................................
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers..............................
Home appliance repairers.............................................................................................
Farm equipment mechanics..........................................................................................
Automotive glass installers and repairers......................................................................
Mechanical door repairers.............................................................................................
Motorcycle mechanics...................................................................................................
Recreational vehicle service technicians.......................................................................
Musical instrument repairers and tuners.......................................................................
1,305,170
38,680
37,300
30,240
18,330
17,530
16,850
13,400
5,310
16.21
15.42
16.30
15.32
15.44
16.11
15.08
15.14
15.90
33,710
32,080
33,910
31,860
32,110
33,500
31,360
31,480
33,080
17.13
16.26
17.16
15.79
15.95
17.00
16.10
16.05
17.28
Construction and extraction occupations
Painters, construction and maintenance.......................................................................
Highway maintenance workers.....................................................................................
Roofers.........................................................................................................................
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators...................................................
Construction and related workers, all other..................................................................
Pipelayers.....................................................................................................................
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall....................................................................
Helpers--extraction workers..........................................................................................
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners.............................................................
Floor sanders and finishers...........................................................................................
250,310
136,420
120,200
61,230
55,820
54,440
28,390
25,550
24,730
8,220
15.85
16.35
16.17
16.00
15.65
15.72
15.34
15.74
16.19
15.41
32,960
34,000
33,630
33,270
32,550
32,710
31,900
32,730
33,680
32,050
17.56
16.84
18.00
17.54
16.91
17.45
16.79
16.36
17.09
16.93
Education, training, and library occupations
Teachers and instructors, all other................................................................................
574,540
Total, all occupations …….…........…................….….…...………….……………
Office and administrative support occupations
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks..............................................................
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators.........................................................
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..............................................................
All other information and record clerks.........................................................................
Loan interviewers and clerks.........................................................................................
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance...........................................................
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.....................................
Word processors and typists.........................................................................................
Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................................................................
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers........................................................................
Meter readers, utilities...................................................................................................
Telephone operators.....................................................................................................
Production occupations
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers....................................................
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers.......................................................................
Printing machine operators...........................................................................................
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic...................................
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................
Structural metal fabricators and fitters..........................................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.....................
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.................................................................
Job printers...................................................................................................................
Engine and other machine assemblers.........................................................................
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.....
Semiconductor processors............................................................................................
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...........
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers...........................................................
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.................
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders.........................................
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners............................................................................
Pourers and casters, metal...........................................................................................
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and
glass fibers…………………………………..….……………………………………………
Bookbinders...................................................................................................................
Patternmakers, wood.....................................................................................................
Model makers, wood.....................................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
(³)
31,100
(³)
Table 4. National employment and wage data for occupations with wages near the all-occupations median,
May 2008—Continued
Median wages
Occupation
1
Employment
Hourly
Annual
2
Mean hourly
wages
Transportation and material moving occupations
Bus drivers, transit and intercity....................................................................................
Refuse and recyclable material collectors.....................................................................
Transportation workers, all other...................................................................................
Material moving workers, all other................................................................................
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.....................................................
Motorboat operators......................................................................................................
184,160
129,080
43,330
41,140
5,480
3,380
16.32
14.93
15.87
15.68
15.68
15.34
33,940
31,050
33,000
32,620
32,610
31,910
17.16
15.76
17.11
16.68
16.76
17.54
Healthcare support occupations
Dental assistants...........................................................................................................
Medical transcriptionists................................................................................................
293,090
86,200
15.57
15.41
32,380
32,060
15.95
15.84
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers......................
183,560
16.34
33,980
17.46
Community and social services occupations
Rehabilitation counselors..............................................................................................
112,700
14.87
30,930
16.64
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
Opticians, dispensing....................................................................................................
59,470
15.77
32,810
16.85
Life, physical, and social science occupations
Forest and conservation technicians............................................................................
Agricultural and food science technicians.....................................................................
30,850
18,930
15.39
16.34
32,000
33,990
16.98
17.53
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
Logging equipment operators.......................................................................................
Logging workers, all other.............................................................................................
Log graders and scalers................................................................................................
Farm labor contractors..................................................................................................
27,010
5,180
3,610
1,110
15.18
15.96
15.64
16.10
31,580
33,190
32,520
33,500
15.76
15.82
16.51
17.62
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
Broadcast technicians...................................................................................................
33,550
15.82
32,900
18.30
Protective service occupations
Parking enforcement workers.......................................................................................
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists..........................................................
9,530
1,580
15.57
15.09
32,390
31,380
16.36
17.50
1
Occupations shown have wages within plus or minus 5 percent of the all-occupation median. Occupations with employment less than
1,000 are not shown. Major groups are ranked from highest to lowest total employment in occupations paying near the median wage.
Within each group, occupations are shown in order of highest to lowest employment.
2
Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for
those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported
survey data.
3
Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries
depending on how they are typically paid.
Table 5. National employment and wages for bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks by industry, May 2008
Percent of
Employment occupational
employment
Industry
Total, all industries ¹ ................................................................
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll
services………………………………………..……….………………
Management of companies and enterprises................................
2
Local government ……………………………………..……………
Depository credit intermediation...................................................
Building equipment contractors....................................................
Median wages
Hourly
Annual
Mean
hourly
wage
1,855,010
100.0
$15.63
$32,510
$16.25
100,300
80,020
75,540
56,940
43,400
5.4
4.3
4.1
3.1
2.3
15.21
16.17
16.19
14.43
16.22
31,640
33,640
33,680
30,010
33,740
15.88
16.73
16.58
15.01
16.84
¹ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
OES designation. Includes all activities carried out by local government except schools and hospitals.
2
Table 6. National employment and wages for the 10 largest occupations in the accounting, tax preparation,
bookkeeping, and payroll services industry, May 2008
Occupation
Employment
Percent of
industry
employment
Median wages
Hourly
Annual
Mean
hourly
wage
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping,
and payroll services (NAICS 541200)
Accountants and auditors...............................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks..............................
Tax preparers...............................................................................
Office clerks, general ....................................................................
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators.........................
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive........................
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants.....................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks......................................................
Bill and account collectors.............................................................
First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative
support workers…………………………..………………………….
286,110
100,300
61,160
37,580
37,160
33,860
25,870
24,030
19,320
32.6
11.4
7.0
4.3
4.2
3.9
3.0
2.7
2.2
$29.56
15.21
14.01
11.24
14.57
13.58
19.34
16.91
15.66
$61,480
31,640
29,150
23,370
30,300
28,240
40,230
35,180
32,580
$34.74
15.88
16.89
12.05
15.35
13.91
20.41
17.24
16.58
17,710
2.0
23.57
49,020
25.23
Table 7. States with highest employment and highest employment concentration in selected occupations, May 2008
Highest employment
State
Employment
Highest employment concentration
Employment
per 1,000
1
jobs
Hourly
median
wage
State
Employment
Employment
per 1,000
1
jobs
Hourly
median
wage
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers
Texas ………………………….………......
California ………………………..…………
Pennsylvania ……………………………..
Illinois ………...…………………….……..
Louisiana ……………………………….…
53,530
28,340
16,860
16,810
15,540
5.2
1.9
3.0
2.8
8.2
$15.82
16.01
16.42
16.12
18.38
Wyoming ……………………..……
Louisiana ……………………………
Oklahoma …………………..………
North Dakota ……………...………
South Dakota …………………..…
2,630
15,540
11,560
2,470
2,480
9.3
8.2
7.4
7.0
6.3
$21.29
18.38
14.69
16.88
13.83
7,030
3,730
1,290
1,760
7,120
4.1
4.0
3.3
2.9
2.6
$18.75
14.66
12.08
15.07
15.11
4,000
1,910
8,890
5,860
4,800
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.1
2.8
$19.09
23.14
15.85
14.87
14.62
4,380
9,310
46,690
1,860
830
3.6
3.3
3.1
2.9
2.7
$12.80
17.61
15.51
13.96
19.97
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks
California ……………………...……………
Texas ………..……………………….……
Ohio …………………………….…………
New York ………………………...…………
Pennsylvania ……………………………..
33,630
14,300
12,540
12,140
11,860
2.2
1.4
2.4
1.4
2.1
$17.33
15.34
15.80
17.04
15.72
Connecticut ……………………..…
Nebraska …………………...………
South Dakota …………………..…
Maine………………..……..…….…
Wisconsin…………………..…….…
Painters, construction and maintenance
California ……………………...……………
Florida ………..…………………..…………
Texas ……………….………………….……
New York ………………………...…………
Illinois ……………..………………..….……
37,000
20,600
18,440
14,370
9,890
2.4
2.6
1.8
1.7
1.7
$18.76
14.48
13.82
19.83
20.90
Nevada ……………………..………
Hawaii……………………….………
Washington……………...…………
Louisiana ……………………………
Oregon……………….……………..
Dental assistants
California ……………………...……………
Texas ……………………..…………….…
New York ………………...……………….
Florida …………………………....…………
Illinois ………...…………………….……..
1
46,690
18,960
16,210
15,000
12,370
3.1
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.1
$15.51
14.90
15.58
16.00
15.11
Represents state employment in selected occupation per 1,000 jobs in state.
Utah..………….…………..…………
Washington……………...…………
California ……………………...……
Idaho…………………...……………
Alaska…………………...………….
Table 8. Metropolitan areas or divisions with highest employment and highest employment concentration in selected occupations, May 2008
Highest employment
Metropolitan area or division
Highest employment concentration
Employment
per 1,000
Employment
1
jobs
Hourly
median
wage
Metropolitan area or division
Employment
Employment Hourly
per 1,000
median
1
wage
jobs
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .........
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale,
CA metropolitan division ......................
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL
metropolitan division ............................
Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX
metropolitan division ............................
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA ......
Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux,
LA ..................................................
2,670
28.3
$18.09
1.9
14.36 Peoria, IL .........................................
3,080
16.9
15.44
7,360
1.9
16.16 Odessa, TX ......................................
1,010
16.9
16.97
5,740
5,150
2.7
2.1
14.66 Casper, WY .....................................
15.39 Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX ................
640
2,370
15.8
14.8
18.52
18.63
$14.21
19,040
7.4
7,740
$17.09
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale,
CA metropolitan division ......................
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL
metropolitan division ............................
New York-White Plains-Wayne,
NY-NJ metropolitan division ................
Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX
metropolitan division ............................
Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA
NECTA division ...................................
9,410
2.3
$15.30 Wausau, WI ......................................
750
10.8
5,390
1.4
790
8.0
14.39
5,220
1.0
370
7.6
15.70
4,620
2.2
17.85 Macon, GA .......................................
Lewiston-Auburn, ME
18.56 metropolitan NECTA ......................
Hartford-West Hartford-East
15.97 Hartford, CT metropolitan NECTA
4,250
7.4
18.99
4,580
2.7
19.30 Chattanooga, TN-GA .......................
1,700
7.3
15.00
Painters, construction and maintenance
New York-White Plains-Wayne,
NY-NJ metropolitan division ................
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale,
CA metropolitan division ......................
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL
metropolitan division ............................
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .........
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ ................
8,400
1.6
$20.31 Naples-Marco Island, FL ..................
1,010
8.1
$14.78
7,290
1.8
17.45 Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX ................
1,200
7.5
14.49
6,330
5,700
5,250
1.7
2.2
2.8
21.85 Bremerton-Silverdale, WA ...............
14.41 Jacksonville, NC ...............................
14.41 Bend, OR ..........................................
600
270
410
7.3
6.4
6.0
21.77
13.46
14.13
Dental assistants
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale,
CA metropolitan division ......................
New York-White Plains-Wayne,
NY-NJ metropolitan division ................
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL
metropolitan division ............................
Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, CA
metropolitan division ............................
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .........
1
11,340
2.7
$13.96 Hanford-Corcoran, CA .....................
180
4.6
9,510
1.8
15.68 Chico, CA .........................................
330
4.6
13.10
8,230
2.2
15.39 Vallejo-Fairfield, CA..........................
540
4.3
17.00
5,480
4,840
3.6
1.9
14.99 Yuba City, CA ..................................
15.80 Provo-Orem, UT................................
170
760
4.3
4.2
15.10
12.17
Represents metropolitan area employment in selected occupation per 1,000 area jobs.
$14.23