Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales: geographic breakdown
Asian chemicals production equals that
of Europe plus America
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
1200
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
363
Chemicals sales (€ billion)
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
1000
•World chemicals turnover was valued at €2353
billion in 2010. Data for 2010 confirms that solid
recovery of the chemicals industry occurred
during the year. Sales in value terms were up
in 2010 by 26.9 per cent compared with 2009, a
year when the economic and financial crisis was
in full swing. Emerging economies contributed
largely to the worldwide recovery of the sector in
2010.
56
153
800
600
575
87
491
400
455
200
128
45
0
Asia
China
EU-27
Europe
Rest of Asia
Rest of Europe*
NAFTA
Latin America
Japan
Rest of the World
India
•The European chemicals industry, including
the European Union and the Rest of Europe, is
still in a strong position, posting sales of €578
billion in 2010, one-fourth of world chemicals
sales in value terms. Worldwide competition
is getting fiercer, however, witnessed by the
European Union losing its top ranking in terms
of sales to China for the second consecutive
year. Chemicals sales in Asia are more than
double that of the European Union. Taken
together, Europe, Asia and North American
Free Trade Area account for 92.7 per cent of
world chemicals turnover.
World chemicals sales in 2010 are valued at € 2353 billion. The EU accounts for 21% of the total.
* Rest of Europe: Switzerland, Norway and other Central & Eastern Europe (excl. the new EU 12 countries)
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
* Rest of Europe = Switzerland, Norway and other Central & Eastern Europe
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
3
Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales by region
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World Sales
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
World Sales
35
World chemicals sales by region
30
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
25
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
2.International Trade
Percentage share
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
Emerging economies outpace industrial
countries in chemicals production
29.2
•Developments during the previous 10 years
from 2000 to 2010 indicate that the European
Union was the clear leader in terms of world
chemicals sales, but the region has gradually
lost ground to China and Asia (excluding Japan).
28.1
24.4
20.9
20
19.3
•The European Union contribution to world
chemicals sales declined in 2010 by 8.3
percentage points compared with 2000. In fact,
the total value of sales in the European Union
has been growing continuously, but overall
world chemicals sales are growing at an even
faster clip. The level of world chemicals sales in
value terms increased by 63.7 per cent in 2010
compared with 2000.
17.8
14.6
15
12.0
10
6.5
6.4
5
4.7 5.4
2.7
3.7
2.3 2.0
0
EU-27
NAFTA
Japan
2000: €1437 billion
Rest of
Asia*
China
Latin
America
Rest of
Europe
Rest of
the world
2010: €2353 billion
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
* Asia excluding China and Japan
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
*Asia excluding China and Japan
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
4
Chemicals Industry Profile
Chemicals sales by country: top 30
China – the biggest chemicals producer
in 2010
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
650
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
600
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
500
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
550
Chemicals sales 2010 (€ billion)
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
•In 2010, the 30 largest chemical-producing
countries had a combined turnover of €2103
billion.
575.3
450
•Twelve of the top 30 major countries are Asian,
generating chemicals sales of €1026 billion.
This figure represents nearly 49 per cent of the
top 30 and 43.6 per cent of the share of world
chemicals sales.
395.2
400
350
•Eleven of the top 30 major countries are
European, generating chemicals sales of €506
billion. This figure represents 24 per cent of the
top 30 and 21.6 per cent of the share of world
chemicals sales.
300
250
200
152.7
150
141.6
100
76.1
75.6
74.8
Brazil
Korea
Republic
50
0
China
US
Japan Germany France
55.9
50.2
49.4
India
Italy
Taiwan
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
5.Energy
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
5
Chemicals Industry Profile
EU chemicals industry sales by geographic breakdown
Sales2010:
2010:e491
€491billion
billion
Sales
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
Eight countries account for 90 per cent
of EU chemicals production
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
NL
9.5%
UK
9.1%
Percentage shares
ES
6.8%
IT
10.2%
BE
6.3%
PL
2.7%
Others
11.1%
FR
15.5%
HU
PT 0.8%
0.8%
DK
0.9%
FI
1.1%
CZ
1.2%
DE
28.8%
Others
3.0%
AT
1.5%
SE
1.8%
•Germany remains the largest chemicals
producer in Europe, followed by France, Italy
and the Netherlands. Together, these four
countries generated in 2010 64 per cent of EU
chemicals sales, valued at €315 billion. The
share rises to 88.9 per cent, or €437 billion,
when including the United Kingdom, Spain,
Belgium and Poland.
•The other 19 EU countries in 2010 generated
11.1 per cent of EU chemicals sales, valued at
€54 billion, half of which was attributable to
four EU countries – Sweden, Austria, Czech
Republic and Finland.
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
Source: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
6
Chemicals Industry Profile
World exports and imports of chemicals by regional shares
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World
2010
World exports
exports of
of chemicals*
chemicals* 2010
World
2010
Worldimports
imports of
of chemicals*
chemicals* 2010
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
Percentage shares
2%
5% 2%
5%
•In 2010, the key trading regions were the
European Union, Asia – including China and
Japan – and the market comprising North
American Free Trade Agreement countries.
4%
6%
14%
11%
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
37%
44%
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
33%
The European Union is the world’s top
exporter and importer of chemicals
37%
•The European Union was the leading exporter
and importer of chemicals in the world,
accounting for 41 per cent of global trade,
defined as the total value of exports plus
imports. This includes intra-EU trade, mainly
for reasons of comparison with other regions,
as these figures include this type of trade activity
as well.
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
Asia
NAFTA
Rest of Europe
Latin America
Africa & Oceania
EU
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
* Including intra EU trade
Source: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
4.Employment
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
* Including intra EU trade
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
7
Chemicals Industry Profile
EU chemicals industry sales by sectoral breakdown
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
2009: E420 billion
2009: €420 billion
2010: E491 billion
2010: €491 billion
•Output from the EU chemicals industry covers
three wide ranges of products: base chemicals,
speciality chemicals and consumer chemicals.
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
Polymers
22.5%
Petrochemicals
23.5%
Polymers
24.0%
Petrochemicals
24.0%
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Specialties
26.8%
Consumer
chemicals
13.5%
Basic
inorganics
13.7%
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
Specialties
25.6%
Consumer
chemicals
12.8%
Basic
inorganics
13.6%
•Base chemicals cover petrochemicals and
derivatives and basic inorganics. They are
produced in large volumes, and are sold within
the chemicals industry itself or to other industries.
In 2009, they represented 59.7 per cent of total
EU chemicals sales, increasing in 2010 to 61.6 per
cent.
•Specialty chemicals cover the auxiliaries for
industry, paints & inks, crop protection, and dyes
& pigments. Specialty chemicals are produced
in small volumes but nevertheless represented
25.6 per cent of total EU chemicals sales in 2010.
•Consumer chemicals are sold to final consumers,
such as soaps and detergents as well as perfumes
and cosmetics. Together, they represented 12.8 per
cent of total EU chemicals sales in 2010.
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
4.Employment
Petrochemicals and polymers account
for about half of EU chemicals sales
•Comparing 2009 to 2010 on the contribution of each
sector to EU chemicals sales, data show that the
polymers and petrochemicals sectors increased
their contributions in 2010 compared with 2009.
This is due to polymers and petrochemicals
being seriously affected by the economic crisis in
2009 and experiencing a strong recovery in 2010.
Consumer chemicals and specialty chemicals were
less affected by the crisis, however, and registered
a less pronounced recovery.
8
Chemicals Industry Profile
EU chemicals industry sales: structure by destination
Intra-EU trade increased significantly
due to success of EU internal market
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
550
World chemicals sales by region
500
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
450
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
2.International Trade
400
100.1
350
€ billion
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
125.7
300
54.7
250
97.5
70.3
129.8
159.3
141.2
104.7
263.4
261.6
189.3
200
150
179.0
161.4
161.9
100
143.8
127.3
88.5
50
•EU chemicals sales were valued at €491 billion
in 2010. Sales to EU partner countries have
more than doubled during the period from 1995
to 2010 (261.6 versus 97.5).
•The European internal market during that 15-year
period had a profoundly positive effect on the
chemicals industry. Removing both trade and
non-trade barriers inside the EU area has been
a key driver for growth and competitiveness of
the chemicals industry in the European Union.
•The internal market, today numbering more than
500 million consumers, is a key competitiveness
factor. With the accession of new EU member
states in 2004 and 2007, the internal market has
received an intra-trade boost.
0
1995
1998
2001
Home country sales
2004
Intra-EU export
2007
2010
Extra-EU export
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
Source: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
7.Sustainable Development
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
9
Chemicals Industry Profile
EU chemicals industry sales structure
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
1995:€331
E331billion
billion
1995:
2010:
E491
billion
2010:
€491
billion
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
World chemicals sales by region
Percentage shares
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
Extra-EU export
29%
Extra-EU
export
17%
Intra-EU
export
29%
Home
country
sales
18%
Home
country sales
54%
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
•EU chemicals sales in 2010 were 48 per cent
higher compared to the value in 1995. Over
the period 1995-2010, EU chemicals sales have
increased on average by 2.7 per cent per annum.
•By 2010, intra-EU sales – excluding domestic
sales – accounted for more than half of total
chemicals sales by the sector in the European
Union.
•While intra-EU sales are rising, the importance
of domestic sales is decreasing, however, only
accounting for 18 per cent of total EU sales.
Intra-EU export
53%
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Intra-EU sales, excluding home country
sales, account for more than half of total
chemicals sales
•Twenty-nine per cent of chemicals sales are
exported outside of the EU market. European
Union neighbour countries, the NAFTA trade
bloc, and Asia are the three primary markets for
EU chemicals exports.
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
4.Employment
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
10
Chemicals Industry Profile
Contribution of the chemicals industry to the EU economy
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
Percentage of GDP, 2010
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
Percentage of GDP, 2010
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
The chemicals industry directly accounts
for 1.1 per cent of total EU gross domestic
product, down from 1.5 per cent in 1995
Financial
economy
28.8%
Chemicals
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
Public
services
23.9%
Industry
18.7%
Rest of
manufacturing
1.1%
14.3%
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
Agriculture
1.7%
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Services
20.9%
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
Construction
6.0%
Rest of industry
3.3%
•The chemicals industry’s contribution to EU
gross domestic product, or GDP, amounts to
1.1 per cent. This may seem small at first, but
should be reassessed taking into consideration
both the shrinking contribution of industry as a
whole to GDP in advanced economies along with
a rise in the service sector. The manufacturing
sector share of GDP in the European Union
declined from 23.7 per cent in 1995 to 18.7 per
cent in 2010.
•There is a wide contribution of chemicals
products that are present in all branches of the
economy. For example, the chemicals industry
in Germany is the most important supplier
of innovative materials for manufacturing.
Chemicals represent 10 per cent of the supply
of input and intermediary products and they
show an above average research & development
content.
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
5.Energy
Source: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
11
Chemicals Industry Profile
Added value* in the EU manufacturing sector (2007)
EU chemicals industry – the third largest
manufacturing sector in terms of added
value*
Percentage of added value in 2007
1.Chemicals Industry Profile
World chemicals sales:
geographic breakdown
World chemicals sales by region
Chemicals sales by country:
top 30
World exports and imports
of chemicals by regional shares
EU chemicals industry sales
by sectoral breakdown
EU chemicals industry sales:
structure by destination
EU chemicals industry sales
structure
Contribution of the chemicals
industry to the EU economy
Added value in the EU
manufacturing sector (2007)
Key sectors: Top 15
EU chemicals industry sales
by geographic breakdown
Machinery and equipment
Food products and beverages
Chemicals**
Metal products
Motor vehicles & and (semi) trailers
Publishing, printing and recorded media
Basic metals
Electrical machinery
Other non-metallic mineral products
Rubber and plastic products
Optical instruments, watches and clocks
Furniture; manufacturing n.e.c.
Other transport equipment
Radio, TV & communication equipment
Pulp, paper and paper products
% 0
10.7%
•According to Eurostat data, 34.5 million people
were employed in 2.3 million enterprises in the
EU-27 manufacturing sector in 2007. Together
they generated €1813 billion of added value.
2
2.International Trade
3.Growth and Competitiveness
4.Employment
* Including pharmaceuticals
Source: Eurostat (SBS, ebd_all) and Cefic Analysis
5.Energy
6.Investment and R&D
7.Sustainable Development
•Added value at factor costs is defined as the
gross income from operating activities after
adjusting for operating subsidies and indirect
taxes. Value adjustments, such as depreciation,
are not subtracted. (Source: EU Commission,
SBS database)
11.6%
Sources: Eurostat (SBS, ebd_all) and Cefic Analysis
* Added value at factor cost
** Including pharmaceuticals
4
6
8
10
12
14
•The chart above shows the largest three
subsectors in 2007 in terms of added value,
at the NACE division level. The three top
subsectors were: machinery and equipment;
food and beverages; and chemicals, including
pharmaceuticals. Sectors such as tobacco,
leather and office machinery & computers,
however, contributed to less than one per cent
of the EU manufacturing added value in 2007.
•There is great diversity between manufacturing
subsectors in EU member states. Some
manufacturing activities have relatively low
labour productivity, personnel costs per
employee and investment rates, such as the
manufacture of textiles, leather products,
wearing apparel, compared with those with
considerably higher values for the same
indicators, such as chemicals.
Unless specified, chemicals industry excludes pharmaceuticals
Unless specified, EU refers to EU-27
Facts and Figures 2011
12