Matakuliah
Tahun
: L0194 – Psikologi Kepribadian
: 2010
Abraham Maslow
Holistic-Dynamic Theory
Pertemuan 18
Who is Abraham Harold Maslow?
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Average student  High grades
Intellectually superior student  get flunk out from school
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(1970) Holistic Approach to Motivation
• Motivation is ussualy complex
– Behavior spring from several separate motives
– Motivation maybe unconscious or unknown to the person
• People are continually motivates by one needs or
another
• People everywhere are motivates by the same basic
needs  can be arrange on hierarchy
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Heirarchy of Needs
Metapathology:
Absent of value, lack of fulfillment,
Loss meaning in life
Self doubt, self-depreciation,
Lack of confidence
Defensive, overly aggresisive,
Socially timid
Irrational fear, insecutiry, dread,
basic anxiety
Malnutrition, fatigue, loss of energy
Obsession of sex, etc.
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In addition to these 5 conative needs are:
1. Aesthetic
Deprivation same sickness as conative needs
2. Cognitive
3. Neurotic
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Deprivation results in pathology
Reversed order of Needs
Chief crazy horse monument sculptured by Korczak Ziolkowski
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Unmotivated Behavior
Expressive Behavior
The person’s mode of expression
No need reward
Unlearned, spontaneous, force within person rather than
environment
Versus
Coping Behavior
Conscious, learned, determined by external environment
Serves some aims or goals
Motivated by some deficit needs
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Criteria for Self Actualization
• Free from psychopathology
• Had progressed through the hierarchy of needs
• Embracing of the B-Values
• Full use and exploitation of talents, capacities,
potentialities
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B-Values
• Metamotivation  motives of self actualizing people
• Deprivation of any B-Values  Metapathology (the lack
of a meaningful philosophy of life)
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Characteristic of self actualizing people:
• More efficient perception of reality
• Acceptance of self, others, & naturalness
• Problem-centering
• Need for privacy
• Autonomy
• Continued freshness of appreciation
• The peak experience
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Characteristic of self actualizing people:
(cont…)
• Kinship with other human beings
• Profound interpersonal relations
• The democratic character structure
• Enjoy doing something for its own sake
• Philosophical sense of humor
• Creativeness
• Resistence to enculturation
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Jonah Complex
Takut akan kesuksesan yang diimpikan karena akan
bandingkan dengan yang dirasa lebh hebat
Psychotherapy
Break their dependency on others
Warm & healthy relationship with therapist
Fulfill love & belongingness  confident
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