TABLE 44. Worldwide, domestic, and foreign total and R&D employment, by industry and company size: 2012
(Thousands)
Worldwide employees
Industry and company size
All industries
Manufacturing industries
Food
Beverage and tobacco products
Textile, apparel, and leather products
Wood products
Paper
Printing and related support activities
Petroleum and coal products
Chemicals
Basic chemicals
Resin, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers
and filaments
Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical
Pharmaceuticals and medicines
Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation
Paint, coating, adhesive, and other chemicals
Plastics and rubber products
Nonmetallic mineral products
Primary metals
Fabricated metal products
Machinery
Agricultural implement
Semiconductor machinery
Engine, turbine, and power transmission equipment
Other machinery
Computer and electronic products
Communications equipment
Semiconductor and other electronic components
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control
instruments
Electromedical, electrotherapeutic, and irradiation
Search, detection, navigation, guidance, aeronautical,
and nautical system and instrument
Other measuring and controlling device
Other computer and electronic products
Electrical equipment, appliances, and components
Transportation equipment
Automobiles, bodies, trailers, and parts
Aerospace products and parts
Aircraft, aircraft engine, and aircraft parts
Guided missile, space vehicle, and related parts
Total
R&D
Foreign employees
% R&D
employees
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
NAICS code
Total
21–23, 31–33, 42–81
31–33
311
312
313–16
321
322
323
324
325
3251
28,429
17,376
1,449
917
361
113
281
122
162
2,566
691
2,065
1,261
32
6
8
8i
8
5
6
220
20
7.3
7.3
2.2
0.7
2.2
6.8
2.8
3.8
3.4
8.6
2.9
18,294
9,988
1,009
371
226
93
167
108
92
1,473
487
1,469
886
24
3
7
8i
7
4
4
162
15
8.0
8.9
2.4
0.9
3.2
8.3
4.2
3.9
4.9
11.0
3.1
10,135
7,388
440
546
135
21
114
14
70
1,093
204
597
375
8
3
1
*
1
*
1
58
5
5.9
5.1
1.8
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.9
3.0
1.5
5.3
2.7
3252
3253
3254
3256
3255, 3259
326
327
331
332
333
33311
333295
3336
other 333
334
3342
3344
204
61
1,022
405
183
771
235
348
570
1,794
138
39
469
1,147
3,127
374
919
8
8
151
18
15
36
12
8
33
131
13
9
41
68
426
79
175
4.1
13.2
14.8
4.3
8.0
4.6
5.1
2.2
5.8
7.3
9.2
22.4
8.8
6.0
13.6
21.1
19.0
127
45
539
151
125
534
165
260
458
922
85
24
223
590
1,439
224
305
6
6
114
11
10
30
8
7
31
89
8
7
24
50
267
53
101
4.6
13.6
21.2
7.3
7.8
5.6
4.8
2.7
6.8
9.6
9.3
29.6
10.7
8.5
18.6
23.7
33.0
77
16
483
254
58
237
70
88
112
872
52
16
246
557
1,689
150
614
3
2
36
7
5
6
4
*
2
43
5
2
18
18
158
26
75
3.3
12.1
7.5
2.6
8.3
2.5
5.9
0.5
1.7
4.9
8.9
11.6
7.2
3.3
9.4
17.3
12.1
3345
334510, 334517
1,073
179
98
26
9.2
14.8
663
136
76
22
11.5
16.4
410
42
22
4
5.4
9.5
334511
372
522
761
643
2,742
1,780
720
671
49
33
39
73
42
202
110
82
76
5
8.8
7.5
9.6
6.6
7.4
6.2
11.3
11.4
10.7
279
247
247
325
1,611
794
615
569
46
30
24
37
25
147
64
73
68 i
5
10.9
9.5
15.2
7.8
9.2
8.1
11.9
11.9
11.4
93
275
514
319
1,130
987
105
102
3
3
16
36
17
55
46
9
9
*
2.8
5.7
7.0
5.3
4.9
4.6
8.2
8.4
0.8
other 3345
other 334
335
336
3361–63
3364
336411–13
336414–15, 336419
R&D
Domestic employees
% R&D
employees
TABLE 44. Worldwide, domestic, and foreign total and R&D employment, by industry and company size: 2012
(Thousands)
Worldwide employees
Industry and company size
Military armored vehicle, tank, and tank component
Other transportation
Furniture and related products
Miscellaneous manufacturing
Medical equipment and supplies
Other miscellaneous manufacturing
Nonmanufacturing industries
Mining, extraction, and support activities
Utilities
Wholesale trade
Electronic shopping and electronic auctions
Transportation and warehousing
Information
Publishing
Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers
Software publishers
Telecommunications
Data processing, hosting, and related services
Other information
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental and leasing
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except
copyrighted works)
Other real estate and rental and leasing
Professional, scientific, and technical services
Architectural, engineering, and related services
Computer systems design and related services
Scientific research and development services
Biotechnology research and development
Physical, engineering, and life sciences (except
biotechnology) research and development
Social sciences and humanities research and development
Other professional, scientific, and technical services
Health care services
Other nonmanufacturing
All companies (number of domestic employees)
Small companiesa
5–499
5–99
5–49
Domestic employees
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
Foreign employees
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
NAICS code
Total
336992
other 336
337
339
3391
3399
21–23, 42–81
21
22
42
454111–12
48–49
51
511
5111
5112
517
518
other 51
52
53
2
239
171
1,001
615
387
11,053
440
402
496
130
837
2,923
1,283
176 i
1,108
828
479
333
1,601
53
*
11
5
75
52
23
804
13
2
26 i
11
4
326
233
3i
230
14 i
41
37
31
2
9.6
4.6
2.8
7.5
8.5
5.9
7.3
2.9
0.5
5.3
8.6
0.4
11.1
18.1
1.5
20.8
1.7
8.6
11.2
1.9
3.5
2
201
142
592
367
225
8,306
220
394
370
93
679
2,050
621
151 i
470
797
357
275
1,323
41
*
10
5
57
40
17
583
9
2
25 i
9
3
225
148
2i
146
13 i
33
31
26
1
10.5
5.1
3.2
9.6
11.0
7.4
7.0
4.3
0.5
6.6
9.6
0.5
11.0
23.9
1.7
31.0
1.7
9.3
11.1
2.0
3.6
*
38
29
409
248
161
2,747
220
8
125 i
37
158 i
873
662
25 i
637
31
122
57
278
12
0
1
*
18
12
6
222
3
*
2i
2
*
100
85
*i
85
1
8
6
5
*
0.0
1.7
0.5
4.5
4.9
3.8
8.1
1.5
4.6
1.4
6.1
0.1
11.5
12.8
0.2
13.3
3.6
6.8
11.2
1.7
3.4
533
other 53
54
5413
5415
5417
541711
9
43
1,746
342
789
263
97
1
1i
353
42
162 i
107
32
14.6
1.2
20.2
12.4
20.6
40.7
32.5
6
35
1,269
257
509
208
87
1
1i
248
39
101
75
25
15.8
1.5
19.6
15.3
19.9
36.0
28.4
3
8
477
85
281 i
56
10
*
*
105 i
3
61 i
32
7
12.3
*
21.9
3.8
21.7
58.4
67.9
541712
160
6
351
270
72
4
41
6
45.1
55.1
11.7
2.3
114
6
295
263
46
4
33
6
40.6
55.2
11.1
2.3
45
*
56
6
26
*
8i
*i
56.3
29.8
14.5
2.2
–
2,155
28,429
31
2,065
1.4
7.3
1,603
18,294
28
1,469
1.7
8.0
552
10,135
3
597
0.6
5.9
–
–
–
3,827
1,619
1,002
494
286
201
12.9
17.7
20.0
3,200
1,469
927
437
258
181
13.7
17.6
19.5
626
150
75
57
28
19
9.1
18.7
26.0
541720
other 54
621–23
23, 44–45 (excluding
454111–12), 55–56,
624, 71–72, 81
R&D
% R&D
employees
TABLE 44. Worldwide, domestic, and foreign total and R&D employment, by industry and company size: 2012
(Thousands)
Worldwide employees
Domestic employees
Foreign employees
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
5–9
–
151
42
27.8
130
10–24
–
356
76
21.3
342
16.7
455
25–49
–
496
83
50–99
–
617
86
13.9
542
100–249
–
1,310
116
8.8
993
250–499
–
897
93
10.3
738
Medium and large companies
500–999
–
1,035
83
8.1
755
1,000–4,999
–
4,338
335
7.7
2,583
5,000–9,999
–
3,140
247
7.9
1,557
10,000–24,999
–
4,028
263
6.5
2,590
25,000 or more
–
12,062
643
5.3
7,608
* = amount < 500 employees or 1% of R&D employees; i = > 50% of the estimate is a combination of imputation and reweighting to account for nonresponse.
38
73
70
77
101
79
29.4
21.4
15.4
14.2
10.1
10.7
21
13
41
75
317
160
4
3
13
9
15
14
18.3
19.2
32.3
11.5
4.8
8.7
67
226
138
198
401
8.9
8.8
8.9
7.7
5.3
279
1,755
1,583
1,438
4,453
16
108
109
65
242
5.7
6.2
6.9
4.5
5.4
Industry and company size
NAICS code
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
Total
R&D
% R&D
employees
NAICS = 2007 North American Industry Classification System.
a
The upper bound is based on the U.S. Small Business Administration's definition of a small business; the Business R&D and Innovation Survey does not include companies with fewer than five domestic employees.
NOTES: Detail may not add to total because of rounding. The industry classification is based on the dominant business code for domestic R&D performance, where available. For companies that did not report business codes, the
classification used for sampling was assigned. Statistics are representative of companies located in the United States that performed or funded R&D.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, and U.S. Census Bureau, Business R&D and Innovation Survey, 2012.