TABLE 18. Doctorate recipients, by citizenship status and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
42,123
43,385
45,622
48,132
48,778
49,553
48,031
48,914
50,961
52,747
54,070
28.4
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
8,813
1,155
5,940
1,718
9,310
1,160
6,367
1,783
9,704
1,146
6,652
1,906
10,702
1,321
7,238
2,143
11,086
1,198
7,797
2,091
11,403
1,283
8,025
2,095
11,258
1,100
8,046
2,112
11,462
1,206
8,153
2,103
12,029
1,255
8,426
2,348
12,303
1,328
8,470
2,505
12,504
1,303
8,991
2,210
41.9
12.8
51.4
28.6
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
6,047
1,986
948
686
1,076
1,351
6,693
2,126
1,129
714
1,205
1,519
7,464
2,364
1,453
757
1,325
1,565
7,998
2,318
1,654
875
1,388
1,763
8,133
2,246
1,787
865
1,400
1,835
8,324
2,392
1,610
877
1,553
1,892
8,310
2,304
1,664
862
1,590
1,890
8,664
2,432
1,713
852
1,606
2,061
8,948
2,418
1,843
841
1,703
2,143
9,290
2,484
1,901
881
1,819
2,205
9,859
2,673
2,072
989
1,879
2,246
63.0
34.6
118.6
44.2
74.6
66.2
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
7,043
531
959
587
3,327
580
1,059
7,045
456
1,061
618
3,322
536
1,052
7,124
472
1,029
616
3,260
579
1,168
7,198
512
1,004
588
3,276
576
1,242
7,515
483
1,091
628
3,358
601
1,354
7,829
503
1,118
682
3,472
662
1,392
7,769
507
1,073
728
3,422
639
1,400
8,090
553
1,121
685
3,577
657
1,497
8,342
547
1,243
724
3,603
633
1,592
8,393
550
1,184
803
3,595
636
1,625
8,657
527
1,194
776
3,765
678
1,717
22.9
-0.8
24.5
32.2
13.2
16.9
62.1
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
5,777
201
638
547
1,389
217
475
754
1,556
6,426
219
774
622
1,547
221
493
892
1,658
7,186
238
799
655
1,786
234
583
1,045
1,846
7,749
267
817
703
1,967
279
646
1,071
1,999
7,864
266
873
713
1,888
280
636
1,082
2,126
7,642
297
807
707
1,693
251
625
1,095
2,167
7,547
252
822
643
1,778
215
670
983
2,184
7,986
262
823
634
1,886
258
662
1,084
2,377
8,422
307
840
496
1,940
226
743
1,220
2,650
8,952
348
826
543
1,897
241
815
1,281
3,001
9,568
387
975
622
1,957
298
836
1,332
3,161
65.6
92.5
52.8
13.7
40.9
37.3
76.0
76.7
103.1
Education
Education administration
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
6,635
2,342
2,805
270
758
460
6,227
2,167
2,674
263
663
460
6,122
2,051
2,751
250
707
363
6,448
2,161
2,671
297
873
446
6,561
2,238
2,640
274
912
497
6,528
2,146
2,663
332
906
481
5,288
1,439
2,443
245
800
361
4,670
924
2,438
204
805
299
4,803
1,057
2,569
156
757
264
4,942
966
2,708
111
892
265
4,793
895
2,558
153
919
268
-27.8
-61.8
-8.8
-43.3
21.2
-41.7
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
5,210
587
976
1,407
2,240
5,141
607
924
1,389
2,221
5,326
615
973
1,457
2,281
5,092
607
937
1,340
2,208
4,719
627
971
1,420
1,701
4,891
598
1,045
1,413
1,835
4,971
601
1,005
1,516
1,849
5,209
644
1,065
1,513
1,987
5,499
684
1,087
1,638
2,090
5,666
702
1,148
1,605
2,211
5,486
676
1,182
1,553
2,075
5.3
15.2
21.1
10.4
-7.4
Citizenship status and major field of study
All doctorate recipientsa
TABLE 18. Doctorate recipients, by citizenship status and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
2,598
1,256
450
892
0
2,543
1,171
488
883
1
2,696
1,311
510
871
4
2,945
1,506
560
876
3
2,900
1,421
557
922
0
2,936
1,405
627
904
0
2,888
1,365
638
885
0
2,833
1,327
650
856
0
2,918
1,404
595
919
0
3,201
1,552
648
1,001
0
3,203
1,583
664
956
0
23.3
26.0
47.6
7.2
-
28,039
27,945
29,028
29,501
30,844
32,327
31,603
31,726
32,983
33,978
34,005
21.3
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
6,082
611
4,206
1,265
6,282
599
4,392
1,291
6,506
631
4,504
1,371
7,009
686
4,833
1,490
7,279
647
5,141
1,491
7,803
712
5,528
1,563
7,775
618
5,585
1,572
7,848
697
5,614
1,537
8,250
675
5,874
1,701
8,448
740
5,857
1,851
8,438
728
6,097
1,613
38.7
19.1
45.0
27.5
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
3,258
1,185
448
438
511
676
3,355
1,212
468
444
543
688
3,686
1,276
588
473
619
730
3,808
1,190
639
551
602
826
4,044
1,231
697
536
673
907
4,420
1,391
734
559
772
964
4,521
1,323
786
573
838
1,001
4,724
1,407
819
555
813
1,130
4,777
1,386
818
539
842
1,192
4,875
1,444
786
569
873
1,203
5,061
1,447
848
627
934
1,205
55.3
22.1
89.3
43.2
82.8
78.3
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
5,241
445
359
471
2,796
455
715
5,157
358
344
459
2,894
417
685
5,280
404
356
459
2,825
472
764
5,173
410
327
425
2,780
440
791
5,491
400
405
441
2,892
463
890
5,618
403
418
483
2,908
506
900
5,696
384
459
522
2,874
519
938
5,958
455
428
488
3,063
511
1,013
6,190
445
517
536
3,047
512
1,133
6,301
456
506
594
3,067
516
1,162
6,268
407
468
571
3,046
540
1,236
19.6
-8.5
30.4
21.2
8.9
18.7
72.9
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
2,190
77
295
178
433
77
197
273
660
2,288
98
306
192
480
75
177
301
659
2,500
90
359
195
478
69
216
353
740
2,546
118
310
221
492
73
251
332
749
2,958
122
396
207
558
90
266
371
948
3,166
160
411
262
578
70
254
421
1,010
3,307
141
433
231
627
62
313
403
1,097
3,321
145
393
216
617
100
278
440
1,132
3,546
181
377
160
613
75
350
505
1,285
3,741
194
366
182
603
77
349
548
1,422
4,029
246
447
229
577
91
364
558
1,517
84.0
219.5
51.5
28.7
33.3
18.2
84.8
104.4
129.8
Education
Education administration
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
5,452
1,989
2,343
216
586
318
5,255
1,950
2,263
211
516
315
5,171
1,861
2,314
198
531
267
5,358
1,927
2,178
238
675
340
5,584
2,025
2,207
236
721
395
5,584
1,979
2,230
260
743
372
4,477
1,296
2,059
203
647
272
3,878
833
1,989
156
679
221
4,039
936
2,142
134
613
214
4,122
843
2,220
92
740
227
3,931
762
2,101
133
733
202
-27.9
-61.7
-10.3
-38.4
25.1
-36.5
Citizenship status and major field of study
Otherb
Business management and administration
Communication
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
Unknown field
U.S. citizen or permanent resident
TABLE 18. Doctorate recipients, by citizenship status and major field of study: 2004–14
Citizenship status and major field of study
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
4,233
433
858
1,197
1,745
4,026
400
779
1,180
1,667
4,249
413
845
1,234
1,757
3,908
402
791
1,086
1,629
3,743
389
802
1,199
1,353
3,888
385
880
1,169
1,454
4,025
389
843
1,287
1,506
4,189
426
893
1,288
1,582
4,396
472
890
1,383
1,651
4,531
468
946
1,352
1,765
4,360
470
965
1,303
1,622
3.0
8.5
12.5
8.9
-7.0
Otherb
Business management and administration
Communication
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
Unknown field
1,583
647
325
611
0
1,582
631
334
617
0
1,636
673
360
603
0
1,699
743
382
574
0
1,745
703
402
640
0
1,848
780
443
625
0
1,802
745
468
589
0
1,808
755
473
580
0
1,785
736
426
623
0
1,960
831
471
658
0
1,918
847
474
597
0
21.2
30.9
45.8
-2.3
-
11,629
12,832
14,198
15,123
15,261
14,737
13,636
14,235
14,784
15,684
15,852
36.3
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
2,316
480
1,471
365
2,553
484
1,681
388
2,723
463
1,857
403
3,039
538
2,030
471
3,252
492
2,302
458
3,097
509
2,190
398
2,909
412
2,084
413
3,008
472
2,124
412
3,190
529
2,181
480
3,169
517
2,170
482
3,156
498
2,241
417
36.3
3.8
52.3
14.2
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
2,560
723
459
225
528
625
2,988
801
598
234
602
753
3,438
956
797
244
665
776
3,650
951
897
283
694
825
3,683
879
1,005
293
651
855
3,533
890
791
295
713
844
3,353
847
766
251
686
803
3,438
907
772
246
690
823
3,605
880
887
266
747
825
3,915
887
1,019
275
845
889
4,094
1,002
1,067
314
819
892
59.9
38.6
132.5
39.6
55.1
42.7
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
1,300
62
551
88
189
103
307
1,458
67
668
130
209
84
300
1,483
43
612
135
247
96
350
1,475
68
600
127
233
95
352
1,611
63
621
160
249
119
399
1,708
81
656
178
258
139
396
1,548
88
556
162
270
95
377
1,578
73
623
150
238
113
381
1,586
74
656
150
254
85
367
1,620
76
616
163
282
92
391
1,553
88
626
145
251
92
351
19.5
41.9
13.6
64.8
32.8
-10.7
14.3
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
3,312
116
306
351
871
135
259
456
818
3,756
115
408
402
983
128
289
543
888
4,295
117
400
416
1,222
144
335
649
1,012
4,591
118
449
437
1,298
171
361
671
1,086
4,492
127
439
468
1,219
175
339
651
1,074
4,221
126
383
419
1,050
175
352
646
1,070
3,860
99
359
378
1,040
142
326
519
997
4,151
100
379
373
1,109
152
350
568
1,120
4,338
107
414
303
1,181
140
334
631
1,228
4,734
138
410
334
1,160
156
435
666
1,435
4,936
124
483
340
1,218
185
421
688
1,477
49.0
6.9
57.8
-3.1
39.8
37.0
62.5
50.9
80.6
Temporary visa holder
TABLE 18. Doctorate recipients, by citizenship status and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
Education
Education administration
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
627
90
316
30
151
40
536
78
283
29
109
37
611
74
335
32
123
47
601
63
321
27
151
39
567
61
303
27
136
40
567
47
315
32
119
54
478
35
277
19
112
35
497
41
294
26
96
40
460
46
278
13
101
22
515
44
319
17
116
19
478
39
265
14
134
26
-23.8
-56.7
-16.1
-53.3
-11.3
-35.0
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
737
127
85
143
382
796
173
102
151
370
777
175
97
160
345
790
170
101
153
366
698
190
122
145
241
727
183
131
158
255
647
179
113
134
221
750
180
131
157
282
738
160
136
141
301
755
179
134
150
292
705
142
146
140
277
-4.3
11.8
71.8
-2.1
-27.5
777
745
871
977
958
Otherb
Business management and administration
475
449
537
634
619
Communication
107
128
125
135
116
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
195
168
209
208
223
Unknown field
0
0
0
0
0
- = no value possible; percent change could not be calculated because there were no doctorate recipients with unknown field in 2004.
884
530
145
209
0
841
499
131
211
0
813
477
132
204
0
867
542
107
218
0
976
600
134
242
0
930
587
137
206
0
19.7
23.6
28.0
5.6
-
Citizenship status and major field of study
S&E = science and engineering.
a
Includes respondents who did not report citizenship status: 2,455 in 2004; 2,608 in 2005; 2,396 in 2006; 3,508 in 2007; 2,673 in 2008; 2,489 in 2009; 2,792 in 2010; 2,953 in 2011; 3,194 in 2012; 3,085 in 2013; and 4,213 in
2014.
b
Non-science and engineering fields.
NOTE: See table A-6 in the technical notes for a listing of major fields and their constituent subfields.
SOURCE: NSF, NIH, USED, USDA, NEH, NASA, Survey of Earned Doctorates.