TABLE 15. Doctorate recipients, by sex and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
42,123
43,385
45,622
48,132
48,778
49,553
48,031
48,914
50,961
52,747
54,070
28.4
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
8,813
1,155
5,940
1,718
9,310
1,160
6,367
1,783
9,704
1,146
6,652
1,906
10,702
1,321
7,238
2,143
11,086
1,198
7,797
2,091
11,403
1,283
8,025
2,095
11,258
1,100
8,046
2,112
11,462
1,206
8,153
2,103
12,029
1,255
8,426
2,348
12,303
1,328
8,470
2,505
12,504
1,303
8,991
2,210
41.9
12.8
51.4
28.6
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
6,047
1,986
948
686
1,076
1,351
6,693
2,126
1,129
714
1,205
1,519
7,464
2,364
1,453
757
1,325
1,565
7,998
2,318
1,654
875
1,388
1,763
8,133
2,246
1,787
865
1,400
1,835
8,324
2,392
1,610
877
1,553
1,892
8,310
2,304
1,664
862
1,590
1,890
8,664
2,432
1,713
852
1,606
2,061
8,948
2,418
1,843
841
1,703
2,143
9,290
2,484
1,901
881
1,819
2,205
9,859
2,673
2,072
989
1,879
2,246
63.0
34.6
118.6
44.2
74.6
66.2
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
7,043
531
959
587
3,327
580
1,059
7,045
456
1,061
618
3,322
536
1,052
7,124
472
1,029
616
3,260
579
1,168
7,198
512
1,004
588
3,276
576
1,242
7,515
483
1,091
628
3,358
601
1,354
7,829
503
1,118
682
3,472
662
1,392
7,769
507
1,073
728
3,422
639
1,400
8,090
553
1,121
685
3,577
657
1,497
8,342
547
1,243
724
3,603
633
1,592
8,393
550
1,184
803
3,595
636
1,625
8,657
527
1,194
776
3,765
678
1,717
22.9
-0.8
24.5
32.2
13.2
16.9
62.1
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
5,777
201
638
547
1,389
217
475
754
1,556
6,426
219
774
622
1,547
221
493
892
1,658
7,186
238
799
655
1,786
234
583
1,045
1,846
7,749
267
817
703
1,967
279
646
1,071
1,999
7,864
266
873
713
1,888
280
636
1,082
2,126
7,642
297
807
707
1,693
251
625
1,095
2,167
7,547
252
822
643
1,778
215
670
983
2,184
7,986
262
823
634
1,886
258
662
1,084
2,377
8,422
307
840
496
1,940
226
743
1,220
2,650
8,952
348
826
543
1,897
241
815
1,281
3,001
9,568
387
975
622
1,957
298
836
1,332
3,161
65.6
92.5
52.8
13.7
40.9
37.3
76.0
76.7
103.1
Education
Education administration
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
6,635
2,342
2,805
270
758
460
6,227
2,167
2,674
263
663
460
6,122
2,051
2,751
250
707
363
6,448
2,161
2,671
297
873
446
6,561
2,238
2,640
274
912
497
6,528
2,146
2,663
332
906
481
5,288
1,439
2,443
245
800
361
4,670
924
2,438
204
805
299
4,803
1,057
2,569
156
757
264
4,942
966
2,708
111
892
265
4,793
895
2,558
153
919
268
-27.8
-61.8
-8.8
-43.3
21.2
-41.7
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
5,210
587
976
1,407
2,240
5,141
607
924
1,389
2,221
5,326
615
973
1,457
2,281
5,092
607
937
1,340
2,208
4,719
627
971
1,420
1,701
4,891
598
1,045
1,413
1,835
4,971
601
1,005
1,516
1,849
5,209
644
1,065
1,513
1,987
5,499
684
1,087
1,638
2,090
5,666
702
1,148
1,605
2,211
5,486
676
1,182
1,553
2,075
5.3
15.2
21.1
10.4
-7.4
Sex and major field of study
All doctorate recipientsa
TABLE 15. Doctorate recipients, by sex and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
2,598
1,256
450
892
0
2,543
1,171
488
883
1
2,696
1,311
510
871
4
2,945
1,506
560
876
3
2,900
1,421
557
922
0
2,936
1,405
627
904
0
2,888
1,365
638
885
0
2,833
1,327
650
856
0
2,918
1,404
595
919
0
3,201
1,552
648
1,001
0
3,203
1,583
664
956
0
23.3
26.0
47.6
7.2
-
22,966
23,737
25,021
26,202
26,272
26,332
25,526
26,192
27,370
28,351
29,049
26.5
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
4,450
726
3,183
541
4,561
744
3,253
564
4,690
698
3,377
615
5,197
802
3,708
687
5,223
700
3,861
662
5,183
722
3,834
627
5,060
609
3,823
628
5,185
652
3,879
654
5,327
698
3,934
695
5,498
704
3,986
808
5,468
673
4,134
661
22.9
-7.3
29.9
22.2
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
4,440
1,350
749
448
771
1,122
4,923
1,403
905
470
877
1,268
5,395
1,551
1,142
490
932
1,280
5,754
1,486
1,322
542
985
1,419
5,858
1,479
1,387
548
966
1,478
5,861
1,491
1,260
539
1,067
1,504
5,855
1,440
1,312
496
1,123
1,484
6,182
1,508
1,350
522
1,144
1,658
6,392
1,522
1,464
496
1,219
1,691
6,591
1,497
1,554
498
1,291
1,751
7,004
1,643
1,657
580
1,336
1,788
57.7
21.7
121.2
29.5
73.3
59.4
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
3,143
238
674
391
1,081
240
519
3,111
199
741
373
1,058
201
539
3,030
203
717
396
936
216
562
2,981
196
684
345
941
216
599
3,125
189
717
367
999
235
618
3,257
195
735
409
991
263
664
3,306
201
703
434
1,033
250
685
3,278
223
734
389
1,003
254
675
3,479
187
840
420
1,040
230
762
3,416
188
768
469
999
259
733
3,477
197
784
433
1,072
248
743
10.6
-17.2
16.3
10.7
-0.8
3.3
43.2
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
4,756
177
488
461
1,195
174
390
670
1,201
5,226
190
590
503
1,338
177
380
778
1,270
5,729
212
583
538
1,535
167
430
901
1,363
6,141
236
620
538
1,662
201
482
940
1,462
6,168
238
641
568
1,568
201
482
930
1,540
6,006
255
591
559
1,433
186
466
942
1,574
5,803
215
574
473
1,462
159
495
858
1,567
6,204
228
566
486
1,579
180
496
934
1,735
6,523
268
583
389
1,596
164
556
1,042
1,925
6,902
293
567
417
1,616
176
598
1,085
2,150
7,349
331
684
470
1,618
209
619
1,128
2,290
54.5
87.0
40.2
2.0
35.4
20.1
58.7
68.4
90.7
Education
Education administration
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
2,264
908
845
72
263
176
2,065
844
809
63
205
144
2,130
839
866
63
248
114
2,103
805
816
72
281
129
2,158
892
763
58
289
156
2,161
838
819
92
275
137
1,662
547
706
59
234
116
1,432
349
699
38
250
96
1,500
389
761
43
229
78
1,573
373
828
22
275
75
1,467
371
721
35
267
73
-35.2
-59.1
-14.7
-51.4
1.5
-58.5
Sex and major field of study
Otherb
Business management and administration
Communication
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
Unknown field
Male
TABLE 15. Doctorate recipients, by sex and major field of study: 2004–14
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
2,516
220
568
569
1,159
2,549
240
539
558
1,212
2,651
236
575
618
1,222
2,580
237
553
569
1,221
2,256
220
561
527
948
2,355
224
608
524
999
2,402
218
556
625
1,003
2,527
248
586
616
1,077
2,654
238
603
659
1,154
2,762
271
632
665
1,194
2,697
248
661
659
1,129
7.2
12.7
16.4
15.8
-2.6
Otherb
Business management and administration
Communication
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
Unknown field
1,397
800
185
412
0
1,302
696
214
392
0
1,396
798
220
377
1
1,446
863
209
374
0
1,484
861
232
391
0
1,509
872
263
374
0
1,438
813
247
378
0
1,384
792
233
359
0
1,495
837
244
414
0
1,609
909
246
454
0
1,587
907
278
402
0
13.6
13.4
50.3
-2.4
-
19,155
19,582
20,560
21,904
22,495
23,187
22,489
22,700
23,535
24,384
24,857
29.8
Life sciences
Agricultural sciences and natural resources
Biological, biomedical sciences
Health sciences
4,363
429
2,757
1,177
4,735
413
3,106
1,216
5,007
448
3,271
1,288
5,497
516
3,529
1,452
5,859
498
3,934
1,427
6,210
559
4,185
1,466
6,193
490
4,219
1,484
6,274
554
4,272
1,448
6,686
554
4,482
1,650
6,802
624
4,481
1,697
6,998
629
4,825
1,544
60.4
46.6
75.0
31.2
Physical sciences
Chemistry
Computer and information sciences
Geosciences
Mathematics
Physics and astronomy
1,606
635
199
238
305
229
1,763
723
221
244
326
249
2,064
810
311
266
393
284
2,242
832
332
333
402
343
2,273
767
400
316
433
357
2,450
895
349
338
483
385
2,454
864
352
366
467
405
2,476
922
361
330
460
403
2,548
895
379
345
481
448
2,696
985
347
382
528
454
2,820
1,020
407
408
535
450
75.6
60.6
104.5
71.4
75.4
96.5
Social sciences
Anthropology
Economics
Political science
Psychology
Sociology
Other social sciences
3,900
293
285
196
2,246
340
540
3,929
256
318
245
2,263
335
512
4,089
269
310
220
2,322
363
605
4,214
316
319
242
2,335
360
642
4,390
294
374
261
2,359
366
736
4,570
308
382
272
2,481
399
728
4,462
306
369
294
2,389
389
715
4,811
330
387
296
2,574
403
821
4,859
360
402
303
2,562
402
830
4,975
362
416
333
2,595
377
892
5,155
330
404
342
2,678
430
971
32.2
12.6
41.8
74.5
19.2
26.5
79.8
Engineering
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering
Chemical engineering
Civil engineering
Electrical, electronics, and communication engineering
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
Materials science engineering
Mechanical engineering
Other engineering
1,021
24
150
86
194
43
85
84
355
1,182
29
183
118
205
41
112
114
380
1,452
25
216
117
250
67
152
144
481
1,605
31
197
165
304
78
164
131
535
1,693
28
232
145
319
79
154
152
584
1,631
41
216
148
260
65
159
152
590
1,741
37
248
169
315
55
175
125
617
1,774
34
256
147
301
78
166
150
642
1,882
39
256
106
336
62
184
177
722
2,048
55
259
126
279
65
217
196
851
2,179
55
290
147
326
89
213
197
862
113.4
129.2
93.3
70.9
68.0
107.0
150.6
134.5
142.8
Education
Education administration
4,370
1,434
4,152
1,319
3,985
1,211
4,344
1,356
4,402
1,346
4,366
1,308
3,624
892
3,234
574
3,299
665
3,369
593
3,316
524
-24.1
-63.5
Sex and major field of study
Female
TABLE 15. Doctorate recipients, by sex and major field of study: 2004–14
Sex and major field of study
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
% change
2004–14
Education research
Teacher education
Teaching fields
Other education
1,959
198
495
284
1,862
199
457
315
1,884
186
457
247
1,854
225
592
317
1,876
216
623
341
1,844
240
630
344
1,736
186
566
244
1,736
166
555
203
1,808
113
527
186
1,880
89
617
190
1,828
118
651
195
-6.7
-40.4
31.5
-31.3
2,694
367
408
838
1,081
2,586
366
384
831
1,005
2,670
379
398
839
1,054
2,510
370
384
771
985
2,463
407
410
893
753
2,535
374
437
888
836
2,568
382
449
891
846
2,682
396
479
897
910
2,843
446
484
978
935
2,903
431
516
940
1,016
2,785
426
520
894
945
3.4
16.1
27.5
6.7
-12.6
1,201
1,235
1,293
1,492
1,415
Otherb
Business management and administration
456
471
507
638
560
Communication
265
273
290
351
325
Non-S&E fields not elsewhere classified
480
490
493
500
530
Unknown field
0
1
3
3
0
- = no value possible; percent change could not be calculated because there were no doctorate recipients with unknown field in 2004.
1,425
533
364
528
0
1,447
550
390
507
0
1,449
535
417
497
0
1,418
564
350
504
0
1,591
642
402
547
0
1,604
670
383
551
0
33.6
46.9
44.5
14.8
-
Humanities
Foreign languages and literature
History
Letters
Other humanities
S&E = science and engineering.
a
Includes respondents who did not report sex: 2 in 2004, 66 in 2005, 41 in 2006, 26 in 2007, 11 in 2008, 34 in 2009, 16 in 2010, 22 in 2011, 56 in 2012, 12 in 2013, and 164 in 2014.
b
Non-science and engineering fields.
NOTE: See table A-6 in the technical notes for a listing of major fields and their constituent subfields.
SOURCE: NSF, NIH, USED, USDA, NEH, NASA, Survey of Earned Doctorates.