145
Oat Variety Screening in the Klamath Basin
R.L. Dovel and G. Chilcote l
INTRODUCTION
Variety trials were established in three locations in the Klamath Basin in
1990. A large trial (36 entries) was established at the KES in cooperation
with regional testing programs (Uniform Northwestern States Oat Nursery). Two
smaller trials (16 entries) were established on organic soil sites in the
Lower Lake area.
PROCEDURES
All small grain variety trials at the KES were on land planted in potatoes
the previous year. Soils at the station include Poe, Fordney and Mosley
series, all of which have a fine loamy to sandy texture and are moderately
deep and somewhat poorly drained. The off-station trials were on very deep,
poorly drained, lake bottom soils with high organic matter content. All plots
at KES were sprinkler irrigated, while only one organic soil test site was
irrigated.
All trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either
three or four replications. Trials at the KES were planted between April 25
and 27. Plots at the irrigated organic soil site were planted on May 26 and
the dryland study was established on May 31. Seed was planted to a depth of
one inch at a seeding rate of 100 lbs/A. All plots were fertilized with 100
lbs N, 60 lbs P,0,, and 44 lbs S/A at time of seeding. Plots measured 5 x 20
feet with a row spacing of six inches. At KES, Bromoxynil and MCPA were
applied at labeled rates to control broadleaf weeds. Chemical weed control at
the organic soil sites was achieved using a mixture of 2,4-D and Banvel.
Plots were harvested using a plot combine with a five foot wide head. Grain
yield was recorded for all plots. Test weight was measured in only one
replication.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Oat yields at KES were similar to those observed in 1989 and 1987.
However, several varieties which were high-yielding in the previous three
years were ranked lower in 1990. These include Border, Ogle, and 82Ab248.
Despite lower yields in 1990, Border is the second and 82Ab248 is the third
highest yielding variety over a four-year period (Table 1). There is interest
in the release of 82Ab248 for use in this area. Although yields of Border and
82Ab248 are similar over a four-year period, Border is susceptible to crown
1/ Assistant Professor, Research Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment
Station, OR.
Acknowledgments: Menzel Farms provided the off-station site and crop care.
146
rust and 82Ab248 would be a good crown rust resistant alternative. Border has
also had lower test weights than 82Ab248 (34.0 and 38.2 lbs/bu, respectively)
over the past four years (Table 2). Both of these varieties have consistently
outyielded Cayuse in this trial. Several other varieties have yielded quite
well over a four-year period and have better test weight and are more lodging
resistant than 82Ab248 (Tables 1-3). Performance of varieties at the organic
soil sites was similar to that seen at KES on mineral soil (Table 4).
In addition to yield, test weight is an important factor in oat variety
selection. Border has had lower test weights than Cayuse over the last four
years (34.0 and 37.2 lbs/bu, respectively) while test weights of 82Ab248 were
slightly higher than Cayuse (38.2 and 37.2 lbs/bu, respectively). Varieties
which have had high test weights include 80Ab5322 (39.8 lbs/bu), 80Ab988 (39.5
lbs/bu), and Calibre (39.5 lbs/bu) (Table 2).
Although Border and 82Ab248 are higher yielding than Cayuse, they show no
increase in lodging resistance (Table 3). High yielding varieties which show
increased lodging resistance include 81Ab5792, 80Ab5322, and 82Ab1142, which
has recently been released as Ajay. Ajay is a semi-dwarf variety that yields
quite well at higher levels of fertilization without lodging. This would be
an excellent oat variety in high N situations such as following potatoes or
alfalfa.
147
Table 1. Summary of Northwestern States Oat Nursery Yields, 1987-1990. Grain yields
of spring oat varieties planted at the Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
1987
Avg.
2-year
lbs/A
Rank
Avg.
3-year
lbs/A
Rank
Avg.
4-year
lbs/A
Rank
1373
1625
1587
1433
1836
3225
3757
3717
4630
4258
4021
4407
3726
4228
5075
18
14
23
16
5
3138
3480
3013
3296
3995
14
9
18
12
2
3160
3549
3189
3630
4061
16
10
15
8
2
5312
3881
4010
4264
5605
1405
1746
1534
1567
1788
3513
4433
4016
4113
4019
4546
4074
3923
4019
5334
12
17
21
19
1
3499
3298
3127
3201
4152.
8
11
15
13
1
3502
3582
3349
3429
4119
11
9
14
13
1
3555
4725
4865
3428
4423
4041
4982
5172
3774
5071
1721
1486
1293
1214
1541
4674
4178
4058
-4456
3798
4854
5019
3601
4747
22
7
6
24
11
3106
3731
3777
2805
3678
16
5
4
19
6
- 3498
3843
3847
-3873
12
6
5
-4
82Ab248
82Ab1178
82Ab1142
Robert
Trucker
3801
4105
3978
3589
3414
5855
5397
4889
4363
3085
1731
1360
1333
1182
1124
4605
4212
----
4828
4751
4434
3976
3250
8
10
13
20
25
3796
3621
3400
3045
2541
3
7
10
17
20
3998
3769
3
7
21
22
23
24
25
Minimax
NPB 871742
83Ab3119
83Ab3250
83Ab3725
4479
5171
5429
5242
4897
4166
5051
5047
5208
4627
4323
5111
5238
5225
4762
15
4
2
3
9
26
27
28
29
30
NPB 871754
NPB 88301
NPB 88304
86Ab664
86Ab1867
5226
4945
5268
3134
5330
Mean:
LSD (0.05)
CV (%)
4304
1309
22
Yield
1989 1988
lbs/A Entry
Selection
1990
1
2
3
4
5
Park
Cayuse
Otana
Appaloosa
Border.
3831
4049
3593
3530
4390
4210
4765
3859
4926
5760
6
7
8
9
10
Monida
Ogle
Calibre
Dumont
81Ab5792
3779
4267
3836
3773
5063
11
12
13
14
15
Riel
80Ab988
80Ab5807
Valley
80Ab5322
16
17
18
19
20
4693
953
16
1494
441
21
4117
566
11
5706
1031
18
4339
683
20
4706
579
18
148
Table 2 Summary of Northwestern States Oat Nursery Test Weights, 19871990. Test weights of spring oat varieties planted at the
Klamath Experiment Station, OR.
Avg.
2-year
lbs/bu
Rank
Avg.
3-year
lbs/bu
Rank
32.0
38.0
34.0
39.0
28.0
37.8
36.8
41.0
33.5
37.0
15
19
4
25
17
35.8
37.2
38.7
35.3
34.0
13
9
4
14
16
44.0
39.0
45.5
41.0
42.0
33.0
30.0
34.0
30.0
33.0
41.0
36.5
42.3
39.8
37.3
3
20
1
9
16
38.3
34.3
39.5
36.5
35.8
6
15
3
10
12
37.0
38.5
39.0
35.0
38.0
43.0
41.0
42.0
43.0
43.5
35.0
39.0
33.0
-38.0
40.0
39.8
40.5
39.0
40.8
8
10
7
13
5
38.3
39.5
38.0
-39.8
5
2
8
-1
82Ab248
82Ab1178
82Ab1142
Robert
Trucker
31.5
28.0
31.0
32.5
37.0
44.0
42.0
42.0
41.0
44.5
39.0
38.0
37.8
35.0
36.5
36.8
40.8
14
23
21
18
6
38.2
36.0
7
11
21
22
23
24
25
Minimax
NPB 871742
83Ab3119
83Ab3250
83Ab3725
27.0
34.0
36.0
40.0
36.0
41.0
37.5
42.0
42.0
42.0
--
34.0
35.8
39.0
41.0
39.0
24
22
12
2
11
26
27
28
29
30
NPB 871754
NPB 88301
NPB 88304
86Ab664
86Ab1867
34.0
28.0
27.0
28.0
40.0
Mean:
34.2
41.9
34.6
38.4
Entry
Selection
Test Weight
1990
1989
1987
lbs/bu 1
2
3
4
5
Park
Cayuse
Otana
Appaloosa
Border
34.5
32.5
40.0
27.0
31.5
41.0
41.0
42.0
40.0
42.5
6
7
8
9
10
Monida
Ogle
Calibre
Dumont
81Ab5792
38.0
34.0
39.0
38.5
32.5
11
12
13
14
15
Riel
80Ab988
80Ab5807
Valley
80Ab5322
16
17
18
19
20
--
37.2
149
Table 3. Summary of Northwestern States Oat Nursery Lodging, 1987-1990. Percent
lodging of spring oat varieties planted at the Klamath Experiment
Station, OR.
Lodging
1989 1988
2,3,4-year Average and Rank
Rank 90-88 Rank 90-87 Rank
1987
90-89
85
58
70
50
68
10
0
5
15
23
28
18
41
19
12
3
11
1
9
12
47
31
51
29
30
2
7
1
9
8
38
23
39
26
29
2
10
1
8
5
7
0
0
0
0
65
40
58
30
13
5
0
15
5
5
21
0
24
35
5
5
17
4
2
16
36
13
35
33
8
4
14
5
6
17
28
10
30
26
7
6
12
4
7
14
5
0
15
0
23
16
0
0
0
0
0
85
45
33
13
0
15
0
-0
11
0
8
0
12
14
17
15
17
13
7
28
20
11
12
18
10
12
16
15
5
25
15
-9
15
9
11
-13
82Ab248
82Ab1178
82Ab1142
Robert
Trucker
38
0
0
40
40
0
0
0
0
0
70
1
0
9
35
10
0
19
0
0
20
20
10
17
17
6
8
36
0
0
16
25
3
19
19
13
11
30
0
3
16
21
22
23
24
25
Minimax
NPB 871742
83Ab3119
83Ab3250
83Ab3725
0
0
0
18
0
0
0
0
22
0
--
0
0
0
20
0
17
17
17
7
17
26
27
28
29
30
NPB 871754
NPB 88301
NPB 88304
86Ab664
86Ab1867
3
0
0
38
5
Mean
19
6
13
Entry
Selection
1990
1
2
3
4
5
Park
Cayuse
Otana
Appaloosa
Border
53
35
45
38
23
2
0
37
0
0
6
7
8
9
10
Monida
Ogle
Calibre
Dumont
81Ab5792
35
0
48
70
10
11
12
13
14
15
Riel
80Ab988
80Ab5807
Valley
80Ab5322
16
17
18
19
20
3
----
41
23
--
--
20
150
Table 4.
Entry
Summary of Oat Yield in Klamath County, 1990.
across three locations in Klamath County, OR.
Selection
Mineral
Soil
Irrigated
Organic
Soil
Unirrigated
Summary of 1990 oat yields
Yield (Rank)
Organic
Average
Soil
Organic
Irrigated
Soils
lbs/A
Average
All
Sites
lbs/A
1
2
3
4
Cayuse
Monida
Appaloosa
Border
4049
3779
3530
4390
3229
3723
3193
3312
2959
3077
3457
3830
3094
3400
3325
3571
(12)
( 6)
( 9)
( 4)
3412
3526
3393
3844
(12)
( 9)
(13)
( 5)
5
6
7
8
Ogle
Sierra
80Ab988
80Ab4725
4267
-4725
3563
2701
4327
3617
4043
2367
3659
2173
3803
2534
3993
2895
( 3)
(15)
( 1)
(14)
3958
-4237
( 4)
9
10
11
12
80Ab5322
80Ab5807
81Ab5792
82Ab248
4423
4865
5063
3801
3707
3814
3161
3692
4100
2634
2903
2959
3904
3224
3032
3326
( 2)
(10)
(13)
( 8)
4077
3771
3709
3484
( 2)
( 6)
( 7)
(10)
13
14
15
16
82Ab1142
82Ab1178
83Ab3250
Dane
3978
4105
5242
3865
3699
2830
3692
2233
3065
3432
3215
2034
3382
3131
3454
2134
( 7)
(11)
( 5)
(16)
3581
3456
4050
2711
( 8)
(11)
( 3)
(14)
Mean:
LSD (0.05):
CV (%)
4578
1309
22
3406
801
16
3119
489
11
3263
3658
( 1)