43
Potato Variety Screening Trials
K.A. Rykbost and J. Maxwell'
INTRODUCTION
The Oregon Potato Variety Development Program presently screens
approximately 80,000 first-generation seedlings. Survivors of the first
three levels of selection at Hermiston, Ontario, or Powell Butte are
advanced to replicated yield trials. The KES participates in the
Preliminary Yield trial and the Oregon Statewide trial, the next two
levels of screening. Graduates of the Statewide trial are advanced to
Tri-State or Western Regional trials.
Tri-State trials are conducted at one location each in Oregon,
Washington and Idaho. Entries from each state may be retained up to
three years at this level. Selections promoted out of this program and
entries from several western states receive the final level of coordinated evaluation in the Western Regional trial which is conducted at 13
locations in the western states, including at KES.
The Western Regional trial has only been included in the KES program
during the past two years. Several recently released selections have
not been thoroughly evaluated at this location. An Early Russet trial
was added to the KES program in 1989 to obtain a direct comparison of
several early russets under appropriate management practices.
Screening large numbers of selections requires use of standard
cultural management practices for any particular trial. As Russet
Burbank is the most widely grown variety throughout the northwest, many
screening trials are managed under conditions for optimum performance of
this cultivar. Russet Burbank requires low planting density to achieve
appropriate tuber size due to high tuber numbers per stem. Most other
varieties and selections set much lower tuber numbers. When planted at
low densities the result is often very large tubers and a tendency for
physiological disorders such as knobbiness, growth cracks and hollow
heart. High nitrogen fertilization rates required for realization of
the full season yield potential of Russet Burbank may be excessive for
earlier maturing selections or more efficient plant types. Under
management practices appropriate for Russet Burbank, selections with
highly desirable qualities may be overlooked due to disorders or tuber
size distribution that would not occur with appropriate management. A
study was initiated in 1988 to evaluate the effect of cultural management used in screening trials on the efficiency of the selection
process.
1/ Superintendent/Associate Professor, Biological Sciences Research
Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment Station
Acknowledgments: Partial funding for variety development programs by the
Oregon Potato Commission, the Cooperative State Research Service (USDA),
the Agricultural Research Service, and Plant Genetics, Inc. is gratefully recognized.
44
While yield is a very important criterion in selecting lines for
advanced testing, many other characteristics are also closely scrutinized. At the statewide level over 30 characteristics are routinely quantified. At latter stages in the process the list is expanded to include
disease reactions and additional quality parameters. Poor performance
in characteristics other than yield often result in discarding selections. However, it is very important for new varieties to be at least
equivalent in yield to the varieties they are intended to replace.
Although this report emphasizes the yield component the importance of
other factors is not overlooked in the selection process.
PROCEDURES
All variety screening trials were conducted in a randomized complete
block design. Cultural practices that varied between experiments are
discussed separately for each experiment. All trial areas were fumigated with Telone II applied at 20 gallons per acre (gpa) on May 3.
Aldicarb was applied in the seed furrow at planting at 3.0 lbs active
ingredient (ai)/A. Herbicides included Eptam, applied at 3.0 lbs ai/A
and incorporated with a rolling cultivator on June 5, and metribuzin
applied aerially at 0.30 lbs ai/A on July 6. Additional pest and
disease control practices included aerial applications of Duter and
Monitor on July 22 and Ridomil-Bravo and Pirimor on August 25, all at
labelled rates. Vines were desiccated with diquat applied at 1.5
pints/A on September 7 and shredded with a rotobeater several days prior
to harvest. All trials were conducted in fields following a two-year
rotation of potatoes and cereal grains.
Potatoes were planted with a two-row assisted feed planter with 32inch row spacing. Four trials received 600 lbs/A of 16-16-16 fertilizer
banded on both sides of rows at planting. The Early Russet Trial
received 800 lbs/A of 16-16-16 banded at planting. Additional nitrogen,
if any, was applied with a conventional ground sprayer as solution 32
in combination with Eptam. Seed was hand-cut to 1.5- to 2.0-ounce size,
treated with thiophanate-methyl at 0.50 lb/cwt and suberized for 10 to
14 days prior to planting.
Trials received approximately 3.5 inches of rainfall and 16.0 inches
of irrigation water during the growing season. Irrigation was applied
twice weekly with solid set sprinklers on a 40-foot x 48-foot spacing
to replenish 60-90 percent of pan evaporation, depending on plant
growth stage.
Potatoes were harvested with a one-row digger-bagger. Total weights
of all tubers were determined in the field. Samples were tagged and
stored until grading was done in October and November. Specific gravity
was determined on a 10-pound sample of US No l's in the 6- to 10-ounce
size grade by the weight-in-air, weight-in-water method. Internal
defects were observed by cutting the five largest tubers in each sample.
Yields of US No l's were not adjusted for surface blemishes such as
scab, nematodes or rhizoctonia, or for internal defects such as hollowheart or internal brown spot. Statistical analyses of data were performed with MSU Stat software.
45
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Preliminary Yield Trial
Sixty-nine entries included two seed sources of Russet Burbank,
three other standard varieties and 64 numbered selections. The trial
was planted on May 22 with three replications of 12-hills per entry at
12-inch seed spacing. Fertilizer applied at planting was supplemented
with 50 lbs N/A as solution 32. Tubers were harvested on September 27
and graded in late October.
Emergence and canopy vigor were generally good with very little
herbicide injury noted. Final plant stands were determined on June 27
(Table 1). Canopy vigor ratings on a scale of 1 to S were made on July
5. Senescence ratings were made on September 4.
Crop yields and tuber type were also generally good. In contrast to
the 1988 season, very little tuber infection with root-knot nematodes or
spraing was observed. The most commonly observed internal disorder was
hollow heart. In most selections it was confined to very large tubers.
Brown center, internal brown spot and vascular discolorations were noted
in a very small percentage of the selections. Low plant densities and a
border effect between adjacent plots account for much of the roughness,
mostly associated with large tubers.
The Russet Burbank standard produced a relatively high yield of US
No l's with a high percentage of 10-ounce tubers (Table 2). A commercial seed source of Russet Burbank (entry No. 69) produced a much lower
yield with smaller size than the Powell Butte seed source. Lemhi and
Norgold achieved high yields, but Norkotah was much lower in yield than
has been observed in most KES trials in recent years.
A total of 18 selections were promoted to the Statewide trial for
1990. In KES ranking for yield of US No 1'S these included six of the
top 10 and 10 of the top 20 entries. The outstanding selections on a
state-wide basis included A085031-7, A085066-2, A085334-1, A085165-1,
A085027-1, A084515-2 and A085165-2. At KES four of these selections;
A085334-1, A085066-2, A084515-2 and A085165-2, ranked 1, 2, 4 and 7,
respectively, in total yield of US No l's. However, KES performance of
several selections differed widely from their performance at other locations. For example, A085035-1 ranked third and ninth in yield of US No
l's at KES and Powell Butte, but 47th and 53rd at Ontario and Hermiston,
respectively.
Oregon Statewide Trial
Selections promoted from the Preliminary Yield trial may be evaluated in this trial for up to three years. Selections advanced to TriState or Western Regional trials are also retained in the Statewide
trial. In 1989 this trial included four standard varieties and 46
numbered selections. At KES an additional five numbered selections
(No's 51 to 55) were included for a comparison of performance under
different cultural management practices.
46
The experiment was planted on May 24. Thirty-hill plots at 8.7-inch
seed spacing were replicated four times. Banded fertilizer was
supplemented with application of 50 lbs N/A on June 5 in the form of
solution 32. Tubers were harvested on September 28. All tubers from
each plot were stored and graded in late October.
Plant emergence was excellent in all entries (Table 3). Plants were
not as vigorous as in the Preliminary Yield trial. This appeared to be
due to soil differences between the two locations. High sodium content
was observed in portions of the field. The standard varieties produced
much lower yields in the Statewide trial and several other entries had
very low yields (Table 4). High experimental variability in the Statewide trial may also have been soil related. CV values were similar to
those observed in the Preliminary Yield trial even though plot size was
more than double and four replications were used in the Statewide trial.
A74212-1 was the outstanding selection at KES and all other locations. The early clone ranked first in total yield and US No l's and
the late clone ranked second on a statewide basis. At individual
locations the early clone ranked at least third and the late clone at
least fourth. Averaged over four locations, A74212-1E exceeded A742121L by 52 cwt/A and Russet Burbank by 221 cwt/A in yield of US No l's.
The late clone is scheduled for release in 1990. The early clone will
be evaluated in the Western Regional trial in 1990.
Entries 8, 9 and 10 were included in the Western Regional trial in
1989. Entry 8 was dropped for low yields and small size. These characteristics were noted at KES in both 1988 and 1989. Entries 9 and 10
were retained for further testing. Neither of them produced average
yields at KES.
Entries 11 through 18 were evaluated in Tri-State trials in 1989.
A083037-10 ranked second at KES, third at four locations in the Oregon
Statewide trial, and first at three locations in the Tri-State trial.
It will be included in the 1990 Tri-State trial. A083177-6 and
C0083008-1 were advanced to the 1990 Western Regional trial. The other
entries in this group were discarded for various reasons.
A082281-1 completed three years of evaluation in this trial and was
promoted to the Tri-State trial It ranked sixth at KES and fourth
overall in yield of US No l's. Entries 24, 25, 27, 31, 34, 35, 37, 41
and 48 were retained for further testing in the Statewide trial. Five
of these exhibited better than average yields at KES.
Western Regional Trial
Official entries in this trial included 14 numbered selections and
the standard varieties Russet Burbank, Lemhi, Norgold and Red LaSoda.
At KES, an additional five named varieties and four numbered selections
were included. The experiment was planted on May 25. Individual plots
were 30-hills at 8.7-inch spacing with four replications. Banded
fertilizer was supplemented with 50 lbs N/A, applied as solution 32.
Tubers were harvested on September 26 and graded in late October. All
tubers from each plot were graded.
47
Plant emergence data were recorded on June 20 and July 5 (Table 5).
Plant vigor and herbicide injury/disease ratings were also obtained on
July 5. Vine maturity was evaluated on September 4. Slow emergence was
noted for several entries. Final plant stands were low enough to affect
crop performance in Norgold, NDTX9-1068-11R and possibly others.
Several selections, including Shepody, Minnesota Russet, A7816-14 and
BC0038-1 appeared to exhibit Eptam injury. Cal Gold was severely
infected with mosaic virus and Cal-Ore exhibited a lesser virus problem.
Plant vigor was generally poor.
Hollow heart problems were noted in Lemhi, Cal-Ore, AC77101-1 and
C07918-11 (Table 5). With the exception of Cal-Ore, most of the tubers
cut were in excess of 16 ounces. Very low specific gravity occurred in
Minnesota russet, CO8011-5 and NDTX8-731-1R. Nice overall appearance
was noted for Frontier Russet, A082611-7, BC0038-1, NDTX9-1068-11R and
Cal-Ore. Minnesota Russet and NDTXB-731-1R demonstrated very early
maturity.
Yields ranged widely but were generally much lower than those
observed in this trial in 1988 and in several other 1989 experiments
(Table 6). In total yield of US No l's the top five entries were Red
LaSoda, A7961-1, Russet Burbank, A7411-2 and AC77101-1. In most cases,
KES results were quite consistent with performance elsewhere, as
indicated by average yields for 12 Western Regional trial locations.
Three named entries included in this trial have not been evaluated
extensively at KES. Cal Gold was included in this trial in 1988. In
both years it demonstrated a growth cracking problem and very low
specific gravity. Cal Gold is light colored for a russet type and is
not particularly well shaped. It does not appear to be a competitive
variety for the area.
Cal-Ore, the property of Plant Genetics, Inc.,
for the first time. It has a very attractive type
high specific gravity. A high incidence of hollow
its overall performance. This selection should be
KES.
was evaluated at KES
and skin color, and a
heart detracted from
evaluated further at
Minnesota Russet was in trial at KES for the first time. It had
very low specific gravity, was light in color and skinned badly at
harvest. It is probably not a contender except possibly as a first
early variety.
Three advanced California selections; AD7267-3, AD7818-5 and
NDD837-2, were evaluated for the first time at KES. NDD837-2 was best
overall but appears to be quite late in maturity. Poor vigor in all
three undoubtedly affected their performance.
48
None of the official entries in the trial were outstanding. NDTX91068-11R has demonstrated good yields and excellent appearance but is
very susceptible to harvest injury and storage diseases. It will be
difficult to maintain healthy seed stocks. The seedling should probably
be discarded for that reason. B00038-1 has nice appearance, and
produced high yields in 1988; however, it was seriously affected by
herbicide injury.
A7816-14 and A081216-1 were discarded from the program. A7961-1
will be evaluated further by industry, as is the case for NDTX9-106811R. All other official selections will be retained in the Western
Regional trial. The trial will be continued at KES in 1990 with a few
entries of local interest included.
Early Russet Trial
Seven selections were planted at 8.7-inch seed spacing on May 26.
Individual plots were two rows, 32 feet long (88-hills), with four
replications. All fertilizer, 800 lbs/A of 16-16-16, was banded at
planting. Vines were desiccated on September 1 and potatoes were
harvested on September 26 and graded in late October.
Krantz, HiLite and Frontier Russet were slow in emergence and
exhibited smaller plant habit than the other entries (Table 7). Krantz
and Frontier plants were quite erect while HiLite plants were short and
more prostrate. At the relatively low nitrogen rate used all selections
except A74212-1 were well into the senescence phase at the time of vine
desiccation.
Crop yields and quality were generally very good. Norgold achieved
much higher yield than in the Statewide trial but similar to that
observed in the Preliminary Yield trial (Table 8). Norgold had the
highest incidence of hollow heart.
Over several years of trials at KES, Norkotah has consistently
produced higher yields than Krantz. In 1989 that was not the case in
this and two other trials. Krantz has often experienced poor stands
which have contributed to lower yields. In this trial the higher
planting density and fair plant stands resulted in excellent yields,
size distribution and quality in Krantz. Russet Norkotah was similar in
yield but exhibited somewhat excessive tuber size, a higher than normal
percentage of No. 2's and culls, and a slight incidence of hollow heart.
HiLite and Frontier were very similar in yield, tuber size distribution and percentage of No. l's, at a yield level well below that
observed in the other selections. Tuber appearance was very acceptable
in both varieties. HiLite tubers had a tendency towards pear shape.
Frontier had the highest specific gravity of the seven selections.
This was the first large plot comparison of the early and late
clones of A74212-1. Both clones were considerably later in vine
maturity than all other varieties in the trial. Vine maturity ratings
49
were not made in this experiment. In the Statewide trial (Table 3), the
early clone was intermediate between Norkotah and A74212-1L in maturity.
In this trial A74212-1E was just beginning to senesce at the time of
vine desiccation while the late clone was very vigorous. A larger tuber
size in A74212-1E also suggested earlier maturity for this clone.
Yields of both clones of A74212-1 were similar to yields of Norgold,
Krantz and Russet Norkotah. On the basis of vine maturity both clones
would have achieved considerably higher yields if desiccation had been
delayed. Neither of these clones can be considered early maturing; however they are clearly different in maturity. Given a longer growing
season the late clone would probably produce a higher yield. In view of
difficulty in achieving skin maturity and minimizing tuber damage at
harvest the early clone offers significant advantages.
Seedling Screening Procedures Trial
Russet Burbank, A084168-1, A084170-1, A084190-2, A084355-2 and
C0084171-2 were planted at 12-inch seed spacing in 30-hill plots with
four replications on May 22. Supplemental nitrogen fertilizer was
applied at 80 lbs N/A as solution 32 on June 6. Potatoes were harvested
on September 29. All tubers were stored and graded in late October.
Cultural practices in the Seedling Screening trial which included,
12-inch seed spacing and 176 lbs N/A, are typical management for Russet
Burbank production. In the Statewide trial, management practices of
8.7-inch spacing and 146 lbs N/A were more appropriate for selections
with lower tuber set and earlier maturity. Plot size in number of hills
was the same in both experiments. The Statewide trial was planted two
days later and harvested one day earlier. In all other respects both
trials were managed the same. The trials were located adjacent to each
other with four rows separating them. Emergence, final stands, vine
vigor and maturity was similar for all selections in both trials (Table
9).
The selections included in this trial were evaluated in the 1988
Preliminary Yield trial where all of them exceeded Russet Burbank in
yield (Table 10). In the Seedling Screening trial Russet Burbank
achieved the highest yield of US No. l's. A084168-1 and A084190-2
produced more No. 2's and culls than Russet Burbank. On the basis of
yields none of the selections would be retained for further testing.
In the Statewide trial four selections exhibited higher yields of US
No. l's than Russet Burbank. Yields of No. 2's and culls were much
lower in A084168-1 and A084190-2 in this trial. All numbered selections
performed better at the higher plant density and lower nitrogen rate.
Russet Burbank was clearly better at the low density and higher nitrogen
rate.
CONCLUSIONS
In both preliminary and statewide trials a number of selections
demonstrated substantially better performance than the standard varieties. Several Oregon selections are being retained for evaluation in
the Tri-State and Western Regional trials. A74212-1 is being submitted
for release under the tentative name, Century Russet. An early
50
selection of A74212-1 was tested in several locations in 1989. It
consistently produced equivalent or higher yield than the original clone
and was clearly earlier in vine maturity. This clone will undergo more
extensive evaluation in 1990.
Although yields were generally low in the Western Regional trial,
the relative performance of individual selections was consistent with
average results for the 12 locations in seven western states. A7961-1
and NDTX9-1068-11R have been in the program for three years. Their
performance in commercial production will determine whether they are
named and released or discarded. Two recent graduates of the program,
A74114-4 and BR7093-24, have been officially released as Frontier Russet
and Gemchip, respectively. Frontier does not yield as well as several
other early russets, locally. Gemchip has produced high yields in two
years of testing at KES, and is a good candidate for growers interested
in producing chipping potatoes under contract.
In the Oregon selection program outstanding selections often demonstrate good performance at all four locations. However, frequently a
selection will do well at one or two locations and poorly at others.
Contrary to expectations, similar performance at the two short season,
or two long season areas does not necessarily occur. In many cases
selections perform well at one short and one long season area, and
poorly at the other sites. This suggests that the philosophy of performing initial selections in the long season sites at Hermiston or
Ontario, to enhance the likelihood of selecting full season varieties,
may have questionable merit.
In two years of trials, a comparison of cultural management practices in evaluation of seedlings, suggests that in a majority of cases
selections will perform better under management that is not ideal for
Russet Burbank. Few selections exhibit the high tuber numbers typical
of Russet Burbank. At planting densities appropriate for Russet
Burbank most other varieties and seedlings produce excessive size. In
many cases this leads to increased physiological disorders and reduced
production of US No. l's. Russet Burbank also requires higher nitrogen
fertilization rates than the majority of other varieties. Screening
under high nitrogen regimes may negate advantages of more efficient
plant types and result in discarding selections which offer this very
important attribute. In consideration of these factors, it seems
appropriate to conduct screening trials using higher planting densities
and lower nitrogen rates than traditionally used for Russet Burbank.
However, in doing so it must be recognized that the Russet Burbank
standard may not perform up to its potential.
All of these experiments represent important segments of the total
statewide and regional potato variety development effort. All aspects
of the program will be continued in 1990.
51
Table 1. Performance of entries in the Prelimary Yield Trial, Klamath Experiment
Station, 1989.
Entry
No. Selection
Stand
X
Vigor
Senescence
rating'
rating'
Specific
Gravity
H.H. 3
X
Comments4
Russet Burbank
Lemhi
Norgold
Norkotah
A084515-2
100
97
89
100
100
4.0
3.3
4.7
4.3
3.7
3.3
3.3
1.0
1.7
3.3
1.079
1.082
1.067
1.066
1.076
20
20
0
0
13
Rough, Poor
Rough, Ugly
6
7
8
9
10
A085004-3
A085010-1
A085010-4
A085010-7
A085010-10
92
97
89
97
100
3.7
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.7
4.0
3.7
3.3
3.0
3.3
1.079
1.081
1.075
1.073
1.080
33
20
0
0
0
SEB, Smooth, E.H, Nice
Mice Damage, C.C.
Rough
Fair
IPS, Smooth, Nice
11
12
13
14
15
A085010-13
A085010-14
A085010-16
A085011-2 '
A085015-1
97
83
100
97
95
3.0
3.7
4.0
4.0
2.7
3.0
3.7
3.3
4.0
3.7
1.072
1.072
1.075
1.071
1.072
27
33
33
33
27
Rough, Ugly, Fusarium
Skinning, Poor Shape
Rough, E.H.
Rough, E.H.
E.H., Ugly
16
17
18
19
20
A085018-2
A085019-1
A085019-2
A085027-1
A085031-2
100
100
100
100
97
3.3
2.0
3.3
3.0
3.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
3.7
4.0
1.072
1.070
1.083
1.076
1.073
0
20
0
7
54
Nice Lot
Fair
Fair
Smooth, Skinning
Big, Off-Types
21
22
23
24
25
A085031-7
A085035-1
A085038-7
A085058-1
A085062-4
95
100
95
100
97
4.0
3.7
4.0
2.3
2.7
3.7
4.0
3.3
4.0
2.7
1.073
1.070
1.074
1.062
1.069
0
7
0
40
0
Poor
IPS, Rough, Fusarium
Banana, Rough
Red Eyes, G.C.
Rough, Ugly
26
27
28
29
30
A085063-1
A085066-2
A085069-1
A085101-4
A085105-2
89
97
95
97
100
3.0
4.3
4.7
3.0
4.0
4.0
2.0
4.7
2.3
2.7
1.068
1.072
1.071
1.073
1.070
53
20
0
13
13
Big, Rough
Smooth, Fusarium
Rough, Skinning
SEB, G.C.
C.C.
31
32
33
34
35
A085108-1
A085110-2
A085111-3
A085116-1
A085133-1
86
95
95
97
86
3.0
4.0
2.7
3.3
3.0
1.3
3.7
3.0
3.0
3.3
1.069
1.073
1.074
1.080
1.069
0
7
7
7
67
Fair, Kennebec Type
Severe Bruising
E.H., Little Rough
Rough, Poor Type
Pointy
36
37
38
39
40
A085145-3
A085163-1
A085164-2
A085165-1
A085165-2
97
100
95
95
100
2.3
4.0
3.7
3.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
3.3
2.7
1.075
1.071
1.081
1.070
1.076
7
7
0
13
27
Fair
Skinning, Rough, Ugly
Smooth, Fair
Rough, Off-Type
Nice
1
2
3
4
5
E.H. Bumpy
IPS, Fair
52
Table 1. (contd) Performance of entries in the Prelimary Yield Trial, Klamath Experiment
Station, 1989.
Entry
No. Selection
Stand
X
Vigor
Senescence
rating'
rating'
Specific
Gravity
H.H. 3
Z
Comments'
41
42
43
44
45
A085185-2
A085192-1
A085196-1
A085205-2
A085206-3
92
97
100
100
97
4.0
4.0
3.3
3.0
3.3
1.7
4.0
3.3
3.3
3.7
1.069
1.056
1.067
1.082
1.075
33
27
0
33
60
Smooth
E.H., Rough, Ugly
Fair
Fair
E.H., Poor
46
47
48
49
50
A085222-1
A085224-1
A085224-2
A085230-1
A085234-1
100
89
100
100
100
2.7
4.0
3.0
2.3
3.7
3.3
3.0
3.0
3.3
4.0
1.078
1.084
1.080
1.071
1.073
20
0
7
0
27
Ugly
Fair
Rough, Off-Types
Fair
Ugly, C.C.
51
52
53
54
55
A085238-1
A085249-1
A085254-1
A085257-2
A085257-3
97
83
89
97
95
2.3
3.3
3.3
3.0
2.7
3.3
3.3
3.7
3.7
3.7
1.077
1.072
1.075
1.085
1.074
0
67
33
20
20
Rough
Skinning, Rough
Big, E.H.
Rough, Ugly
Banana, Poor
56
57
58
59
60
A085257-4
A085288-2
A085334-1
A085336-1
C0085004-1
100
100
89
100
92
4.0
3.0
4.7
3.7
3.3
3.0
2.3
3.3
4.0
5.0
1.075
1.080
1.071
1.074
1.081
13
7
7
13
53
Skinning, Off-Type
Rough, Mix
Big, Fusarium
IPS, Long, Rough
Skinning, Rough, Ugly
61
62
63
64
65
C0085097-2
C0085168-7
C0085199-2
C0085219-4
C0085225-4
100
89
92
100
83
3.0
3.3
4.7
2.7
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.3
2.7
2.3
1.075
1.073
1.080
1.077
1.073
7
7
53
7
0
Fair
Bumpy, Flat, Poor
Nice
Nice
Too Round
66
67
68
69
95
ND02664-1
100
ND03211-1
86
ND03214-3
Russet Burbankll 100
3.0
2.7
3.7
3.3
2.0
2.7
3.0
3.0
1.059
1.072
1.070
1.080
7
7
7
7
AVERAGE
CV (X)
LSD
1/
2/
3/
4/
Vine Vigor - (1 - small, weak; 5 Senescence Rating - (1 - dead; 5 H.H. - hollow heart - percent in 5
EH - elephant hide
IPS - internal purple spot
GC - growth cracks
SEB - stem end
1.074
0.300
0.005
large, robust)
lush)
largest tubers/sample
browning
Off-Types
Fair, like Atlantic
Poor Lot
53
Table 2. Tuber yield by grade for entries in the Preliminary Yield Trial, Klamath
Experiment Station, 1989.
Entry
No.
Selection
4-6 oz
Yield U.S. No. l's
6-10 oz >10 oz Total
cwt/A Rank
):
B's
Yield
2's Total
cwt/A
Rank
Russet Burbank
Lemhi
Norgold
Norkotah
A084515-2
143
55
108
90
59
138
109
176
112
180
145
257
120
114
276
426
421
404
316
515
17
22
30
52
4
71
72
86
75
85
54
21
29
16
29
79
86
5
29
31
599
581
468
421
608
10
13
40
47
9
6*
7*
8
9
10 *
A085004-3
A085010-1
A085010-4
A085010-7
A085010-10
88
62
41
144
97
151
90
131
166
207
185
141
261
109
177
423
293
433
419
481
20
54
14
23
6
91
70
75
84
79
28
19
13
64
74
6
5
62
9
27
463
421
581
496
609
41
48
12
26
7
11
12
13
14
15
A085010-13
A085010-14
A085010-16
A085011-2
A085015-1
57
89
148
70
16
108
177
195
99
50
68
188
74
169
96
233
453
417
338
162
64
10
25
44
68
43
88
86
63
52
27
21
53
42
7
74
25
0
47
48
538
514
486
538
313
17
22
31
16
68
16
17
18
19 *
20
A085018-2
A085019-1
A085019-2
A085027-1
A085031-2
101
70
41
50
79
177
96
160
102
116
61
112
118
282
228
339
268
319
434
422
43
58
49
15
21
81
78
81
85
86
56
43
20
26
35
10
9
21
7
20
417
343
392
509
492
50
66
56
24
28
21 *
22
23
24
25
A085031-7
A085035-1
A085038-7
A085058-1
A085062-4
70
61
64
44
58
155
135
152
112
103
218
325
228
139
177
443
521
444
295
338
13
3
12
53
45
75
85
70
64
70
14
24
21
10
24
61
29
81
65
39
587
610
637
463
480
11
6
3
42
33
26
27 *
28
29
30
A085063-1
A085066-2
A085069-1
A085101-4
A085105-2
32
83
20
74
82
102
155
95
68
130
208
300
348
56
166
342
538
463
199
378
42
2
9
67
36
87
88
81
50
69
9
20
15
36
39
0
9
56
23
26
391
610
575
395
548
57
5
14
55
15
31
32
33
34 *
35
A085108-1
A085110-2
A085111-3
A085116-1
A085133-1
62
97
53
56
83
125
184
106
142
108
144
148
159
205
85
331
428
318
402
275
47
16
50
33
57
90
80
77
78
70
22
47
3
22
36
0
24
70
40
0
368
537
413
515
391
62
18
52
21
58
36
37
38 *
39 *
40 *
A085145-3
A085163-1
A085164-2
A085165-1
A085165-2
34
72
126
76
90
126
159
198
103
208
225
216
86
222
182
385
447
410
402
480
35
11
27
32
7
93
68
82
77
90
20
33
53
11
35
0
83
16
42
15
414
655
500
520
532
51
2
25
20
19
1
2
3
4
5*
54
Table 2. (contd) Tuber yield by grade for entries in the Preliminary Yield Trial, Klamath
Experiment Station, 1989.
Entry
No.
Selection
4-6 oz
41
42
43
44 *
45
A085185-2
A085192-1
A085196-1
A085205-2
A085206-3
123
40
63
113
83
92
105
151
173
109
52
184
254
130
196
267
328
467
416
388
46
47 *
48
49
50
A085222-1
A085224-1
A085224-2
A085230-1
A085234-1
98
116
41
64
98
109
171
110
145
136
74
132
192
128
13
51
52
53
54 *
55
A085238-1
A085249-1
A085254-1
A085257-2
A085257-3
119
52
21
56
38
92
111
47
141
69
56 *
57
58 *
59
60 *
A085257-4
A085288-2
A085334-1
A085336-1
00085004-1
97
55
108
57
32
61
62
63
64
65 *
00085097-2
00085168-7
00085199-2
00085219-4
00085225-4
66
67
68
69
ND02664-1
ND03211-1
ND03214-3
Russet Burbank II
AVERAGE
CV (%)
LSD (.05)
Yield U.S. No. l's
6-10 oz >10 oz Total Rank
cwt/A Yield
2's Total
cwt/A :1
B's
60
48
8
26
34
77
69
76
88
76
73
30
20
36
40
0
53
57
10
23
345
476
618
475
512
65
36
4
38
23
280
419
343
338
247
55
24
40
46
62
59
85
75
92
65
68
44
13
28
35
37
15
24
0
20
476
495
457
368
382
37
27
44
61
60
30
154
285
166
102
241
317
353
363
209
63
51
39
38
66
63
74
84
77
57
22
18
8
12
22
55
39
12
33
47
384
428
418
469
364
59
46
49
39
64
152
116
141
130
45
250
96
305
216
46
498
267
553
403
123
5
59
1
31
69
73
65
91
83
43
21
34
19
11
17
93
28
22
18
23
686
410
608
488
286
1
53
8
30
69
62
61
71
31
146
181
152
132
120
214
135
191
207
192
64
378
404
410
342
423
37
29
28
41
19
82
83
86
85
86
29
21
42
17
52
25
39
18
37
2
461
484
479
402
490
43
32
34
54
29
54
72
156
114
71
137
195
106
90
47
72
68
215
255
424
287
65
61
18
55
68
69
89
64
36
47
19
91
16
13
0
39
316
367
476
450
67
63
35
45
75
44
53
131
31
65
161
39
101
367
24
142
76
---
30
54
26
30
91
44
478
19
147
* These selections were promoted to the 1990 Statewide Trial
Rank
55
Table 3. Performance of entries in the Oregon Statewide Trial, Klamath Experiment
Station, 1989.
X
Vigor
rating
Senescence
rating
Specific
Gravity
H.H.
X
Russet Burbank
Lemhi
Norgold
Norkotah
A74212-1E
98
95
87
95
98
3.5
2.8
3.5
3.5
4.0
3.8
2.8
1.8
1.3
2.5
1.079
1.081
1.068
1.067
1.074
5
35
30
15
15
Rough, Ugly
Big, Little Rough
Smooth
Smooth
Nice
6
7
8
9
10
A74212-1L
C008014-1
A081216-1
A082283-1
A082611-7
98
91
94
92
97
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.3
3.0
4.8
3.5
3.0
3.3
2.5
1.070
1.075
1.076
1.078
1.085
25
25
10
15
0
Skinning, Rough, Fair
Smooth, Coarse Skin
No Yield
Misshapes, Yellow Flesh
Pointy
11
12
13
14
15
A082616-18
A081362-3
C0083008-1
CO083021-10
A083037-10
88
94
96
97
88
2.8
2.5
3.8
2.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.8
4.3
4.3
1.086
1.082
1.080
1.079
1.071
0
0
15
10
30
Rough, Small
Nice
Little Rough
Pink Eyes, Rough, Poor
E.H., Fair
16
17
18
19
20
A083110-3
A083119-3
A083177-6
A081178-12
A082281-1
96
97
94
90
91
2.8
2.8
3.8
3.3
2.5
3.5
2.3
3.3
3.8
3.5
1.072
1.077
1.073
1.083
1.081
20
10
0
15
35
Skinning, Fair
E.H., Coarse
Skinning, Little Rough
Big, Coarse, Not Bad
Big, Coarse
21
22
23
24
25
C0083021-5
C0083085-5
C0082177-3
A083196-15
A082260-4 Dark
94
92
93
94
86
2.0
2.8
3.0
4.0
3.5
3.3
4.0
1.5
1.3
1.5
1.085
1.072
1.070
1.073
1.072
5
10
40
40
0
Small, Poor
Skinning, Misshapes
Discard
Very nice net, Smooth
Small, Nice
26
27
28
29
30
A082260-4 Light
ND02845-1
ND02848-8
ND02871-1
ND02904-1
88
88
94
97
97
3.8
2.8
3.8
3.3
2.8
2.0
4.8
3.8
3.0
2.5
1.078
1.074
1.073
1.073
1.067
0
0
15
30
0
Little Rough, Light
Small, Pink Eyes
Coarse, Pink Blush, Ugly
Fair, Coarse
Nice Net, Coarse, Not bad
Entry
No. Selection
1
2
3
4
5
Stand
Comments
56
Table 3. (contd) Performance of entries in the Oregon Statewide Trial, Klamath
Experiment Station, 1989.
Entry
No. Selection
Stand
Vigor
rating
rating
Specific
Gravity
Senescence
H.H.
X
Comments
31
32
33
34
35
ND02904-7
ND02971-1
ND03056-3
ND03057-2
C0084206-2
88
93
93
99
97
3.5
4.3
2.5
3.5
3.3
2.8
2.3
4.0
2.0
2.5
1.069
1.067
1.076
1.068
1.067
5
5
0
0
0
36
37
38
39
40
A084040-1
A084050-2
A084107-1
A084134-1
A084172-3
94
93
97
95
96
4.3
2.8
3.3
3.5
3.5
1.3
3.5
2.5
3.3
2.5
1.069
1.090
1.072
1.086
1.078
0
5
40
10
20
Rough, Poor
Pointy
IPS, Coarse
Slight EH, Nice
EH, Pointy
41
42
43
44
45
A084172-6
A084175-6
A084180-1
A084180-2
A084183-1
97
95
96
99
99
3.3
3.8
3.0
3.0
3.5
1.5
2.5
3.0
3.3
2.8
1.078
1.085
1.073
1.077
1.065
0
75
15
45
55
Small, No Yield
Big, Coarse
Pointy, Crooked
EH, Not Pretty
EH, Rough, Poor
46
47
48
49
50
A084217-1
C0084026-201
CO084055-205
A084418-202
A084427-203
97
93
98
93
98
3.3
3.5
2.5
3.3
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.8
4.0
3.8
1.077
1.076
1.081
1.098
1.079
0
0
35
5
25
Rough, Mice like it
Fair
Rough, Poor
Pointy, Fair
Rough
51
52
53
54
55
56
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
C0084171-2
Russet Burbankll
98
98
95
94
87
98
3.3
3.3
3.0
2.8
2.5
3.0
2.0
3.0
3.8
3.3
2.3
3.0
1.072
1.079
1.073
1.078
1.075
1.079
35
10
55
15
10
10
Rough
Pointy
IPS, Pointy
Misshapes, Poor
Pointy, Poor
Rough
E.H., Smooth, Fair
Flat, Fair
IPS, Rough
Light, Smooth, Nice
Nice Net, Little Rough,
Fair
57
Table 4. Tuber yield by grade for entries in the Oregon Statewide Trial, Klamath
Experiment Station, 1989.
Entry
No.
Selection
4-6 oz
Yield U.S. No. l's
6-10 oz >10 oz Total Rank
cwt/A
X
B's
Yield
2's Total
cwt/A
Rank
Russet Burbank
Lemhi
Norgold
Norkotah
A74212-1E
88
75
86
53
88
114
131
121
68
211
52
128
59
91
219
254
334
266
212
518
39
16
36
44
1
64
80
81
75
90
32
33
28
28
23
41
21
16
28
11
394
418
327
284
578
24
20
40
45
1
6*
7*
8
9*
10*
A74212-1L
C008014-1
A081216-1
A082283-1
A082611-7
48
65
61
87
96
131
110
65
110
121
236
92
18
73
68
415
267
144
270
285
3
35
48
32
27
80
78
76
62
75
15
31
31
35
49
53
23
6
110
32
521
342
190
435
380
2
38
48
15
31
11
12*
13
14*
15*
A082616-18
A081362-3
C0083008-1
C0083021-10
A083037-10
107
104
58
40
55
77
138
93
96
148
24
116
127
273
249
208
358
278
409
452
45
12
30
4
2
64
83
72
80
88
63
34
23
24
12
35
12
58
45
30
325
429
384
510
512
41
17
28
5
3
16
17
18*
19
20*
A083110-3
A083119-3
A083177-6
A081178-12
A082281-1
97
73
64
73
46
102
104
134
147
139
31
45
173
168
213
230
222
371
388
398
42
43
10
7
6
73
65
75
85
86
44
75
29
13
18
28
16
47
23
33
315
340
496
455
461
43
39
7
11
10
21
22
23
24*
25*
CO083021-5
C0083085-5
CO082177-3
A083196-15
A082260-4Dark
66
60
38
76
92
77
167
50
130
102
26
140
24
113
47
169
367
112
319
241
47
11
50
18
40
72
82
69
77
81
40
21
38
55
41
18
32
5
26
11
234
445
163
413
298
47
13
50
21
44
26
27*
28
29
30
A082260-4Light
ND02845-1
ND02848-8
ND02871-1
ND02904-1
77
54
84
46
62
115
50
135
107
134
108
12
89
157
96
300
116
308
310
292
22
49
21
20
25
80
69
71
86
76
46
45
67
25
39
20
2
46
6
36
377
167
436
360
383
32
49
14
37
29
1
2
3
4
5*
58
Table 4. (contd) Tuber yield by grade for entries in the Oregon Statewide Trial,
Klamath Experiment Station, 1989.
Yield U.S. No. l's
6-10 oz >10 oz Total Rank
cwt/A Entry
No.
Selection
4-6 oz
31*
32
33
34*
35*
ND02904-7
ND02971-1
ND03056-3
ND03057-2
CO084206-2
44
108
37
97
76
87
156
79
168
116
108
142
152
89
180
239
406
268
354
372
36
37*
38
39*
40
A084040-1
A084050-2
A084107-1
A084134-1
A084172-3
87
71
55
77
93
105
113
108
156
128
78
137
98
122
76
41*
42
43
44
45
A084172-6
A084175-6
A084180-1
A084180-2
A084183-1
101
72
72
55
99
83
120
112
104
94
46
47
48*
49
50
A084217-1
C0084026-201
C0084055-205
A084418-202
A084427-203
56
92
58
114
73
51
52
53
54
55
56
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
C0084171-2
Russet BurbankII
Average
CV(%)
LSD(.05)
Yield
2's Total
cwt/A X
B's
41
5
34
15
9
74
79
73
78
79
30
45
20
52
32
37
43
53
26
35
322
512
369
454
470
42
4
35
12
9
270
321
261
355
297
33
17
37
13
24
68
74
71
83
79
42
40
24
31
48
31
20
60
23
19
400
434
367
426
377
22
16
36
18
33
16
120
106
195
88
200
312
290
354
281
46
19
26
14
29
71
82
78
75
67
61
31
29
33
47
14
22
40
51
46
282
381
371
474
420
46
30
34
8
19
105
193
126
108
120
137
100
72
60
78
298
385
256
282
271
23
8
38
28
31
77
78
66
73
69
24
44
31
57
40
27
43
61
36
52
386
496
389
385
394
26
6
25
27
23
46
79
59
57
65
91
100
129
115
126
63
79
147
51
119
116
25
57
293
259
293
299
153
227
67
78
76
83
69
65
21
37
30
20
37
60
60
22
43
30
18
29
440
330
386
360
223
349
72
31
31
115
27
44
106
47
70
293
23
93
76
---
36
41
21
32
63
28
385
18
97
* These selections were retained for further evaluation.
Rank
59
Table 5. Performance of entries in the Western Regional Trial, Klamath Experiment
Station, 1989.
Selection
Stand, IC
6/20 7/5
Vine
vigor
Injury
rating
Senesc.
rating
Specific H.H.
Gravity
X
Comments
Russet Burbank
Leah!
Norgold
Red LaSoda
Shepody
89
59
68
93
75
98
97
82
99
93
4.3
2.3
3.0
4.3
4.0
0.3
0
0
0
1.8
3.5
3.0
2.0
2.3
3.5
1.083
1.085
1.073
1.070
1.082
15
35
15
10
0
Rough
Coarse
Smooth
Rough
O.K.
Cal Gold
Cal Ore
Minnesota Russet
Frontier Russet
76
66
78
65
88
98
93
99
2.3
2.3
3.5
2.5
1.5 M
0.8 M
1.3
0
2.3
2.3
1.3
3.0
1.062
1.084
1.064
1.083
10
60
10
10
Cracks
Nice
Skinning
Nice
A7816-14
A7961-1
AC77101-1
AC7869-17
AC81198-11
90
94
63
88
53
95
97
86
98
93
3.0
4.0
3.0
3.3
2.5
2.3
0
0.3
0
0
3.3
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.3
1.081
1.082
1.075
1.080
1.083
15
0
50
5
10
Rough
Rough, Scab
Rough
Pointy
Cracks
A081216-1
A082283-1
A082611-7
BC0038-1
C07918-11
88
63
79
80
51
97
86
95
97
84
3.0
3.0
3.5
2.8
2.8
1.3
1.0
0
2.3
1.0
3.3
4.0
3.5
2.3
2.5
1.081
1.084
1.084
1.081
1.077
25
0
5
0
40
Pickles
Ugly, YF'
Nice
Nice
Cracks
CO8011-5
NDTX8-731-1R
NDTX9-1068-11R
TND329-1RUS
48
90
71
75
86
96
77
93
2.8
2.0
2.5
3.0
0
1.0
1.0
0.3
2.3
1.3
3.5
2.5
1.067
1.062
1.070
1.071
0
0
5
0
Flat
O.K.
Skinning, Nice
O.K.
AD7267-3
AD7818-5
NDD837-2
78
66
41
97
94
95
2.5
2.5
2.3
0
0
0.3
2.3
3.5
3.8
1.078
1.087
1.083
0
0
0
Smooth
Pointy, IPS
Skinning, Knobs
A7411-2
98
98
4.0
0
2.8
1.082
0
Skinning, Rough
Average
72
93
3.0
0.6
2.8
1.078
12
*
YF - yellow flesh color
60
Table 6. Tuber yield by grade for entries in the Western Regional Trial, Klamath
Experiment Station, 1989.
Selection
Russet Burbank
Lemhi
Norgold
Red LaSoda
Shepody
4-6oz
Yield U.S. No. l's
6-10oz >10oz Total
B's
cwt/A
Yield
No 2's Culls
Total
No l's
294
349
264
383
111
64
74
50
53
175
109
107
131
78
69
122
52
211
88
355
295
233
392
219
63
25
30
31
23
59
56
24
93
33
82
50
12
34
54
559
426
299
550
330
Cal Gold
Cal Ore
Minnesota Russet
Frontier Russet
43
66
54
72
58
134
112
112
49
104
51
78
150
304
218
262
15
24
31
31
51
6
26
14
46
5
22
7
262
339
296
314
A7816-14
A7961-1
AC77101-1
AC7869-17
AC81198-11
52
59
61
53
62
112
111
136
117
115
117
190
157
156
146
281
360
354
326
323
25
34
15
19
23
34
91
85
56
58
37
16
20
8
54
377
501
474
409
458
315
310
352
300
363
A081216-1
A082283-1
A082611-7
B00038-1
C07918-11
64
62
116
85
55
60
113
149
95
118
15
63
72
39
123
139
238
338
219
296
43
37
47
40
20
21
171
56
27
33
9
26
11
31
45
212
472
452
317
394
226
373
353
279
302
C08011-5
NDTX8-731-1R
NDTX9-1068-11R
TND329-1RUS
78
45
48
65
119
83
123
106
95
42
181
150
292
170
352
321
30
37
20
17
52
26
33
32
23
9
21
8
397
242
426
378
326
294
387
316
AD7267-3
AD7818-5
N0D837-2
A7411-2
79
62
34
57
85
104
110
126
50
74
183
172
214
240
327
355
52
29
15
18
27
53
67
127
6
34
24
48
299
356
433
548
Average
CV(X)
LSD (.05)
64
26
24
111
25
40
106
43
62
280
20
80
29
36
15
52
46
33
27
92
34
389
18
99
1/ Average yield of U.S. No. l's for 12 locations of 1989 Western Regional Trials.
61
Table 7. Performance of seven selections in the Early Russet
Variety Trial, Klamath Experiment Station, 1989.
Stand, X
June 20
July 5
Selection
Vine
vigor
Specific
Gravity
H.H.
Norgold Russet
Krantz
Russet Norkotah
HiLite Russet
82
46
85
47
97
82
97
97
4.3
2.5
3.5
3.0
1.073
1.075
1.068
1.071
13
0
10
0
A74212-1E
A74212-1L
Frontier Russet
67
61
35
85
91
97
3.3
3.3
2.5
1.072
1.074
1.079
3
5
0
Average
60
92
3.2
1.073
4
Table 8. Tuber yield by grade for seven selections in the Early
Russet Variety Trial, Klamath Experiment Station, 1989.
Selection
Yield U.S. No l's
Yield
4-6oz 6-10oz >10oz Total B's No 2's Culls Total
cwt/A
Norgold Russet
Krantz
Russet Norkotah
HiLite Russet
111
89
83
120
182
177
142
152
148
165
193
65
441
431
418
337
43
31
30
57
42
27
50
20
16
18
29
8
542
507
527
422
A74212-1E
A74212-1L
Frontier Russet
105
126
92
167
186
162
163
106
77
435
419
331
44
46
43
21
27
25
31
15
9
531
507
408
Average
CV (X)
LSD (.05)
104
26
39
167
17
43
131
33
63
402
19
NS
42
34
21
30
49
22
18
68
17
492
17
128
62
Table 9. Performance of six selections under two cultural management
regimes, Klamath Experiment Station, 1989.
Selection
Vine
Stand, X June 20 July 5 vigor
Senescence Specific H.H.
rating
Gravity
Statewide Trial
Russet Burbank
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
00084171-2
94
82
88
72
40
58
98
98
98
95
94
87
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.0
2.8
2.5
3.8
2.0
3.0
3.8
3.3
2.3
1.079
1.072
1.079
1.073
1.078
1.075
5
35
10
55
15
10
Average
72
94
3.1
3.0
1.076
22
Seedling Screening Trial
Russet Burbank
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
00084171-2
96
97
90
75
58
62
98
99
100
88
93
91
3.5
4.0
4.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
3.8
1.8
3.0
2.0
3.0
2.5
1.079
1.072
1.078
1.070
1.078
1.070
10
33
20
79
23
23
Average
80
95
3.3
2.7
1.075
31
63
Table 10. Tuber yield by grade for Russet Burbank and five potato
selections, Klamath Experiment Station.
Selection
Yield U.S. No l's
Yield
4-6oz 6-10oz >10oz Total B's No 2's & Culls Total
cwt/A
1988 Preliminary Yield Trial
Russet Burbank
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
00084171-2
110
85
162
99
89
78
124
178
233
193
179
159
49
230
67
168
115
122
283
494
462
459
383
360
53
25
60
30
28
34
39
20
10
0
15
24
375
539
532
489
426
418
Average
104
178
125
407
38
18
463
1989 Statewide Trial
Russet Burbank
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
00084171-2
88
46
79
59
57
65
114
100
129
115
126
63
52
147
51
119
116
25
254
293
259
293
299
153
32
21
37
30
20
37
108
126
34
63
41
33
394
440
330
386
360
223
Average
CV (%)
LSD (.05)
66
44
53
108
31
65
85
39
101
259
24
143
30
54
NS
68
356
19
147
1989 Seedling Screening Trial
Russet Burbank
A084168-1
A084170-1
A084190-2
A084355-2
00084171-2
75
47
69
45
45
32
153
85
118
84
120
33
96
118
56
91
97
21
324
250
243
221
262
86
34
22
32
25
34
15
111
208
35
115
30
22
469
480
310
361
326
123
Average
CV (%)
LSD (.05)
52
24
19
99
22
33
80
47
57
231
22
77
27
41
17
87
345
15
79