33
Winter Small Grain Variety Trials
in the Klamath Basin, 1987
R.L. Dovel, G.E. Carter, and G. Chilcote 1
Introduction
Winter cereals are of minor importance in the small grain industry in
the Klamath Basin. Late spring frosts when winter small grains are
flowering and susceptible to cold injury have limited their use in the area.
Cold dry winters common to the Klamath Basin often result in stand failure
of fall-planted small grains. This in conjunction with frost heaving, which
is a common occurrence in the area, makes fall-planting of small grains
a risky. venture. Winter small grains may be planted in March and still be
vernalized, avoiding the hazards of Klamath Basin winter. Winter barley and
wheat trials were planted with seed furnished from Oregon State University
to assess the feasibility of growing winter cereals in the Klamath Basin and
to screen promising released varieties and experimental lines for adaptation
to this area.
Procedures
Winter barley and winter wheat trials were seeded on March 2. Both
trials were planted at the Klamath Experiment Station on mineral soil. The
agronomic practices and procedures described for the spring small grain
variety trials were also employed in the winter variety trials. The trials
were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications.
Results
Corvallis Source Winter Barley Trial (Table 1)
Scio and Boyer were the two highest-yielding released varieties in the
study, yielding 4828 and 4012 lbs/A, respectively. The four top-yielding
varieties in order of yield were ORWF 8414, ORWF 8422, ORWF 8410, and ORWF
8416. The highest yield was 5266 lbs/A and the average yield was 3876
lbs/A. This compares poorly to the Commercial Source Spring Barley Trial
where the highest yield was 8697 lbs/A and the average yield was 6831
lbs/A.
1/ Assistant Professor, Associate Professor Emeritus, Research Aide,
respectively, Klamath Experiment Station.
34
Corvallis Source Winter Wheat Variety Trial (Table 2)
The two highest-yielding varieties in this trial were commercially
available white wheats, Dusty and Ute, which yielded 6311 and 6008 lbs/A,
respectively. The highest-yielding red wheat was ORCR 8511, which yielded
5051 lbs/A. These values compare poorly to the Commercial Source Spring
Wheat Variety Trial where the average yields of white and red wheats were
6243 and 5861 lbs/A, respectively.
Discussion and Conclusions
Winter planted cereals yielded well in 1987; however, conditions were
unusually favorable for their development. Spring temperatures were
unusually high and there were no late spring frosts. Such frosts may be
expected in the Klamath Basin one out of every four years resulting in
severe yield losses of winter grains, especially wheat. Even with the
favorable weather, yields of both winter wheat and barley were less than
their spring-planted counterparts. Lower yields coupled with increased risk
of winter-planted wheat are considerations which weigh heavily against the
use of winter wheat in the Klamath Basin. Winter barley appears to yield
less than spring varieties in the Klamath Basin. However, barley is not as
susceptible to frost damage as wheat. The use of late winter planted winter
barley as well as spring-planted varieties would spread out the period for
timely planting and harvasting of small grains.
-
35
Table 1. Corvallis Source Winter Barley Trial; 1987 observations
of plant height, grain yield, test weight, and percent
thins for winter barley planted on March 2, 1987, at the
Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath Falls, Oregon.
----YIELD
RANK LBS/A
ENTRY
TEST WT.
LBS/BU
PERCENT
THINS
HEIGHT •
cm
SCIO
HESK
OR 1730001
KAMIAK
OR WF 8406
5
13
16
27
19
4828
4405
4312
3953
4196
54.0
49.0.
56.0
50.0
53.0
10.0
18.2
18.8
6.9
15.8
60
55
56
61
58
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
OR
OR
OR
OR
FB
WF 8411
WF 8422
WM 8411
WF 8328
75075-01
47
2
14
35
28
2662
5086
4404
3625
3937
53.0
53.0
53.0
51.5
48.0
12.0
14.7
4.6
20.6
7.4
58
58
68
56
55
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
WF
WF
WF
WF
WF
8410
8413
8414
8416
8419
3
8
1
4
38
4942
4692
5266
4841
3438
50.0
53.0
52.0
50.0
51.0
17.3
9.8
9.3
15.3
10.7
53
56
65
58
50
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
WF
WF
WM
WF
WF
8421
8425
8409
8524
8528
17
15
31
18
43
4275
4336
3806
4259
3134
53.0
52.0
51.0
48.0
50.0
3.7
11.1
2.2
8.3
14.9
63
56
58
55
48
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)
OR
OR
OR
BH
OR
WF 8535
WM 8519
1861021
1906
1861023
40
10
45
6
21
3216
4505
2962
4748
4052
48.0
55.0
50.0
50.0
54.0
15.1
3.6
8.9
6.1
6.8
53
60
50
63
60
26)
27)
28)
29)
30)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
1861024
1861025
1861026
1861027
1861028
22
44
36
42
26
4041
3131
3585
3156
3994
53.0
46.5
51.0
51.5
51.0
11.2
12.6
12.0
9.4
9.6
53
56
61
55
56
31)
32)
33)
34)
35)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
1861029
1861030
1861031
1861032
1861033
12
37
32
25
9
4423
3578
3786
4002
4524
49.0
51.0
57.0
52.0
53.0
5.5
5.7
20.5
7.8
8.1
58
56
65
50
61
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
(continued)
36
Table 1. Corvallis Source Winter Barley Trial (cont'd)
ENTRY
-YIELD-LBS/A
RANK
TEST WT.
LBS/BU
PERCENT
THINS
HEIGHT
cm
36)
37)
38)
39)
40)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
1861034
1861035
1861036
1861037
1861038
41
30
20
33
24
3173
3817
4185
3759
4010
50.5
54.0
51.0
50.0
51.0
11.7
21.0
16.4
13.3
16.1
60
68
63
61
61
41)
42)
43)
44)
45)
OR 1861039
OR 1861040
OR 1861041
OR 1861042
SHOWIN
34
11
29
39
46
3734
4470
3904
3411
2721
50.0
55.0
55.0
51.5
47.0
20.3
22.4
17.6
6.5
15.1
56
61
66
55
53
46)
47)
48)
SCHUYLER
BOYER
STEPTOE
23
7
48
4012
4697
1586
50.5
54.0
50.5
12.6
11.9
2.9
58
63
45
3876
15
984
51.5
11.7
58
Mean
CV
LSD(0.05)
37
Table 2. 1987 Corvallis Source Winter Wheat; grain yield,
test weight, and plant height observations of
winter wheat grown on mineral soil at the Klamath
Experiment Station, Klamath Falls, Oregon.
TYPE 1
YIELD
LBS/A
RANK
TEST
WEIGHT
LBS/BU
PLANT
HEIGHT
cm
OR7996
ORCW 8723
PRCW 8724
ORCW 8725
ORCW 8726
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
5733
3532
3626
4834
4290
3
23
21
10
17
59
59
58
-58
75
70
70
65
75
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
830166
830211
832665
832665
832784
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
4832
4648
3551
4229
3241
11
13
22
18
28
58
61
57
59
59
70
60
55
70
60
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
833032
833053
833103
833313
833646
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
4589
3426
4674
4311
3994
14
26
12
16
19
57
56
61
58
58
75
70
65
75
65
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
OR 833649
OR 833725
OR 833765
OR 834686
EXP. 2222
SW
SW
SW
SW
4909
5031
3441
5709
4341
8
7
25
4
15
60
59
56
60
60
65
65
70
65
65
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)
ORCR 8313
ORCR 8414
ORCR 8601
ORCR 8511
NUGAINS
HR
HR
HR
HR
SW
3278
3762
3521
5051
5196
27
20
24
6
5
61
61
61
62
63
65
65
70
70
65
26)
27)
28)
29)
30)
HILL 81
DUSTY
UTE
YAMHILL
BORAH
SW
SW
SW
SW
HR
4836
6311
6008
2161
2149
9
1
2
29
30
59
59
61
37
59
--70
65
55
75
55
58
67
ENTRY
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Mean
CV (S/Mean)
LSD(0.05)
1/
4307
17
1222
SW Soft White, HR Hard Red