Klamath Experiment Station
Oat Variety Screening in the Klamath Basin, 1997
R.L. Dovel and G. Chilcote'
A
bstract
The Uniform Northwestern States Oat
Nursery is planted at the Klamath
Experiment Station (KES) each year to identify
promising new oat lines for release by public and
private breeding programs.The highest yielding
line over a 3-year period was 87Ab5125, which
produced 200 lb/acre more than 89Ab6153, the
second highest entry. Yields of the highest
yielding commercially available varieties, Ogle
and Celsia were not significantly lower than
87Ab5 125. Rio Grande produced an average of
4650 lb/acre. Percent lodging in Cayuse was 48
percent in 1997, while 87Ab5125 produced high
yields and had 16 percent lodging in 1997. Rio
Grande may also be prone to lodging, averaging
13 percent in 1997. High yielding entries with low
or no lodging over the last 3 years include
89Ab6153, Celsia, Ogle, and Ajay. Among the
five highest yielding entries, Ogle and 89Ab6153
have slightly earlier heading dates than Cayuse.
Introduction
Oats have been a major crop in the
Klamath Basin in the past. Acreage has increased
in the past 2 years due to concerns about barley
stripe rust. About 10,000 acres were grown in
Klamath County in 1996 and more in 1997.
Klamath. Experiment Station (KES) has cooperated in the Uniform Northwestern States Oat
Nursery since the 1970's. Over the years,
several outstanding varieties have been identified
and adopted by the agricultural industry. Such
varieties include Cayuse, Appaloosa, Border,
and Ogle. Most of these varieties are still in use
today; however, there are several experimental
lines that appear to have higher yield potentials
than the currently grown varieties. Several high
yielding lines are also more lodging resistant and
have higher test weights than current industry
standards. The Uniform Northwestern States Oat
Nursery is planted at KES each year to identify
promising new oat lines for release by public and
private breeding programs.
Procedures
The Uniform Northwestern States Oat
Nursery was established at KES on Fordney fine
sandy loam soil that is moderately deep and
somewhat poorly drained. The previous crop was
potatoes. The crop was irrigated by a solid set
sprinkler system. The trial was arranged in a
randomized complete block design with four
replications. Seed was planted on May 8 at a
depth of 1 inch and a seeding rate of 100 lb/acre.
All plots were fertilized with 20 lb N, 12 lb P 2 O 5 ,
and 9 lb S/acre at time of seeding. Additional
fertilizer was broadcast before planting at 80 lb
N, 48 lb P 2 O 5 , and 35 lb S/acre. Plots measured
5 x 20 feet with a row spacing of 6 inches.
Bromoxynil and MCPA were applied at labeled
rates to control broadleaf weeds. Plots were
harvested in late September using a plot combine
with a 5-foot wide header. Grain yield was
recorded for all plots. Test weight was measured
in only one replication.
Results and Discussion
The highest yielding line over a 3-year
period was 87Ab5125, which produced 200 lb/
acre more than 89Ab6153, the second highest
'/Associate Professor and Research Technician, respectively, Klamath Experiment Station, Klamath Falls,
OR.
110 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
Klamath Experiment Station
Oat Variety Screening in the Klamath Basin, 1997
entry (Table 1). Yields of the highest yielding,
commercially available varieties, Ogle and
Celsia, were not significantly lower than
87Ab5125. Rio Grande was also an impressive variety, producing an average of 4650 lb/
acre, compared to 4280 and 4140 lb/acre for
Ajay and Cayuse, the two most commonly
planted oat varieties in the Klamath Basin.
Lodging has been a common problem with
Cayuse and most traditional oat varieties.
Percent lodging in Cayuse was 48, 0, and 25
percent in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively (Tables 2, 3, and 4). Although
87Ab5125 was high yielding, and did not
lodge in 1995 or 1996, it had 16 percent
lodging in 1997. Rio Grande may also be
prone to lodging, averaging 13, 0, and 8
percent for 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. High yielding entries with low or no
lodging over the last 3 years include
89Ab6153, Celsia, Ogle, and Ajay. Among
the five highest yielding entries, Ogle and
89Ab6153 have slightly earlier heading dates
than Cayuse. Celsia, Ajay, and 87Ab5125
have slightly later heading dates than Cayuse.
Seed of the three released varieties should be
available for the 1998 planting season and
appear to be improvements over Cayuse in
both yield and lodging resistance.
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 111
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 1. Northwestern Uniform Oat Nursery: grain yield of oats established at KES, Klamath Falls, OR,
1995-97.
2-Year Average
rank
yield
3-Year Average
yield
rank
1997
Yield
1996
1995
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
lb/A
82Ab248
84Ab825
86Ab664
87Ab4983
87Ab5125
3970
4320
4940
4630
5290
3390
4540
3730
2620
4600
5050
5160
4930
6840
5620
3590
4430
4340
3630
4940
20
6
10
19
1
4070
4670
4530
4700
5170
21
7
12
6
1
89Ab1545
89Ab4088
89Ab6153
90Ab1322
91Ab502
4230
5640
5460
3760
4820
2360
2700
3660
3870
3070
5640
5280
5740
6970
5700
3300
4170
4560
3810
3940
25
11
5
17
14
4080
4540
4950
4860
4530
20
11
2
5
13
Aj ay
Cayuse
Celsia
Derby
IA H61-3-3
4420
4440
5760
3540
4493
2720
3300
3850
2870
4260
5700
4670
5120
3250
3990
3570
3870
4800
3200
4380
23
16
2
26
8
4280
4140
4910
3220
4250
17
19
4
24
18
Monida
ND 860416
Newdak
Ogle
Otana
5670
3230
4590
5700
4310
3700
3730
2580
3150
3860
4550
4690
5720
5930
3730
4690
3480
3580
4430
4080
4
24
21
7
13
4640
3880
4300
4930
3970
9
23
16
3
22
Powell
Prairie
Rio Grande
Whitestone
86Ab4582
4620
5010
4710
4990
3980
3580
2150
3040
3760
3280
4850
6160
6210
4960
4100
3580
3870
4380
3630
12
22
15
9
18
4350
4440
4650
4570
15
14
8
10
AbSP9-2
91Ab406
AbSP 19-9
CDC Boyer
CDC Pacer
5430
4070
5350
5020
4390
4120
4780
3
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (C7r)
4690
NS
24
3400
NS
30
Variety
112 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
5270
1000
14
4040
1090
26
lb/A
4440
850
22
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 2. Northwestern Uniform Oat Nursery: grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and day of
year of 50% heading in Julian days (number of days after January 1) of oat lines established , May 8 at
KES, Klamath Falls, OR, 1997.
Entry
Variety
Yield
Test
wt
Lodging
Height
50%
heading
lb/A
lb/bu
%
inches
Julian
1
2
3
4
5
Cayuse
Otana
Monida
Ogle
Rio Grande (81Ab5792)
4440
4310
5670
5700
4710
36.0
38.5
37.5
38.0
38.0
48
33
54
8
13
34
46
42
41
38
194
195
195
189
191
6
7
8
9
10
82Ab248
Ajay (82Ab1142)
Powell (83Ab3250)
86Ab664
Newdak
3970
4420
4620
4940
4590
36.5
37.0
35.0
36.5
39.0
48
1
41
56
26
38
33
39
44
37
195
195
195
195
189
11
12
13
14
15
ND 860416
87Ab5125
84Ab825
Derby
87Ab4983
3230
5290
4320
3540
4630
39.5
39.5
37.0
40.0
39.0
40
16
23
18
4
37
37
37
45
34
194
195
195
195
189
16
17
18
19
20
89Ab6153
IA H61-3-3
Whitestone (ND 870258)
89Ab1545
90Ab1322
5460
4490
4990
4230
3760
41.0
36.0
41.0
39.0
35.0
0
23
35
3
11
33
39
39
38
31
189
194
194
185
195
21
22
23
24
25
Celsia
Prairie
89Ab4088
91Ab502
86Ab4582
5760
5010
5640
4820
3980
39.0
38.0
40.5
36.0
38.0
8
4
18
35
59
40
37
38
35
35
195
191
192
189
192
26
27
28
29
30
AbSP9-2
AbSP 19-9
91Ab406
CDC Boyer
CDC Pacer
5430
5350
4070
5020
4390
41.5
37.0
32.0
40.0
37.0
24
30
29
46
39
39
38
31
43
39
193
194
194
193
192
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (%)
4690
NS
24
37.9
26
39
106
38
NS
17
193
2
1
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 113
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 3. Northwestern Uniform Oat Nursery: grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and day of year
of 50% heading in Julian days (number of days after January 1) of oat lines established May 8, at KES,
Klamath Falls, OR, 1996.
Height
50%
heading
inches
Julian
50
0
0
0
0
43
39
45
45
35
199
197
198
199
196
39.0
34.0
38.0
36.0
38.0
0
0
0
0
0
39
35
28
30
35
196
199
198
199
198
2580
3730
4600
4540
2980
30.0
38.0
38.5
35.0
46.5
0
0
0
0
0
37
45
41
37
28
195
198
199
199
199
Derby
86Ab1616+
87Ab4983
89Ab6153
IA H61-3-3
2870
3410
2620
3660
4260
38.0
44.0
34.0
35.5
36.0
5
0
0
0
0
49
45
24
33
45
199
199
194
196
199
21
22
23
2 4
25
Whitestone (ND 870258)
Paul (ND 862915)+
89Ab1545
90Ab1322
Celsia
3760
3220
2360
3870
3850
35.0
45.0
34.0
41.5
39.0
0
0
0
0
0
37
35
31
28
30
199
199
193
199
199
26
27
28
29
30
Prairie
89Ab4088
91Ab502
86Ab4582 *
AbSP 9-2 *
2150
2700
3070
3280
4120
33.0
30.5
31.5
33.0
42.0
0
0
0
0
0
33
35
33
43
39
197
198
193
197
197
3360
NS
30
37.0
2
37
198
1
0
Yield
Test
wt
lb/A
lb/bu
Park
Cayuse
Otana
Monida
Ogle
2750
3300
3860
3700
3150
38.0
36.0
37.0
38.0
35.0
6
7
8
9
10
Rio Grande (81Ab5792)
82Ab248
Ajay (82Ab1142)
83Ab3250
86Ab664
3040
3390
2720
3580
3730
11
12
13
14
15
Newdak
ND 860416
87Ab5125
84Ab825
88Ab3073+
16
17
18
19
20
Entry
2
3
4
5
Variety
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (%)
114 Klamath Experiment Station 1997
Lodging
Klamath Experiment Station
Table 4. Northwestern Uniform Oat Nursery: grain yield, test weight, lodging, plant height, and day of year
of 50% heading in Julian days (number of days after January 1) of oat lines established May 18, KES,
Klamath Falls, OR, 1995.
Height
50%
heading
inches
Julian
15
25
30
30
0
48
45
50
47
40
207
204
206
207
204
38.0
40.5
42.0
38-.0 40.5
24
8
8
38
0
53
38
45
4439
209
202
204
207
207
5800
4850
4930
5330
5720
38.5
37.5
37.5
39.5
38.0
0
51
1
0
6
40
41
47
41
45
208
205
206
206
201
ND 860416
87Ab5125
84Ab825
88Ab3073+
Derby
4690
5620
5160
4940
3250
42.0
40.5
38.5
46.0
40.5
23
0
3
0
0
49
40
40
42
49
204
208
208
208
204
21
22
23
24
25
86Ab1616+
87Ab4983
89Ab6153
IA H61-3-3
Whitestone (ND 870258)
4300
6840
5740
3990
4960
45.0
41.0
41.0
36.5
39.5
0
0
0
5
13
47
37
35
50
45
209
201
203
206
206
26
27
28
29
30
Paul (ND 862915)+
89Ab1545
90Ab1322
Celsia
Prairie
3940
5640
6970
5120
6160
44.5
41.0
42.0
39.5
40.0
0
0
1
0
0
55
40
40
48
44
207
201
206
206
200
31
32
89Ab4088
91Ab502
5280
5700
42.0
39.5
4
45
43
39
202
200
3360
NS
30
37.0
2
37
198
1
0
Yield
Test
wt
lb/A
lb/bu
Park
Cayuse
Otana
Monida
Ogle
4050
4670
3730
4550
5930
39.0
38.0
40.5
38.5
38.5
6
7
8
9
10
Calibre
Rio Grande (81Ab5792)
Valley (ND 820603)
82Ab248
Ajay (82Ab1142)
1830
6210
5100
5050
6600
11
12
13
14
15
83Ab3119
83Ab3250
86Ab664
86Ab1867
Newdak
16
17
18
19
20
Entry
1
2
3
4
5
Variety
Mean
LSD (P= 0.05)
CV (%)
Lodging
Klamath Experiment Station 1997 115