Arctic Security
CDR James Kraska, JAGC, USN
U.S. Naval War College
Geostrategic Context
• Competing perspectives
• International community
• Coastal States
• Security interests
• Sovereignty
• Safety
S f t
• Security
• Air and sea mobility • Resource development
UNCLASSIFIED
Pacific Ocean
U.S.
Canada
Northwest Passage
Northern Sea Route
PACOM
NORTHCOM
Russia
AOR Boundaries
200 NM EEZ Limits
EUCOM
Polar SLOC
Sep 08 Sea Ice Projections
Extreme
Greenland
(Denmark)
Aggressive
Conservative
Norway
AOR Regions
COCOMS
USEUCOM
USNORTHCOM
USPACOM
The representation of boundaries
are not necessarily authoritative
Arctic COCOM Boundaries and Projected September 08 Ice Extents
0
125
250
500
750
1,000 Nautical Miles
UNCLASSIFIED
Note: Russia, Europe, and Greenland
landmasses are contained within the EUCOM AOR
Strategic Deterrence
Missile Defense
Maritime Domain
Northern Edge
Logistics
Arctic Warfare—World War II
Northern Edge
Submarine Operations
Thank You
Thank You
The Northwest Passage
Transit Passage
z
Continuous and expeditious
z
Unimpeded passage
z
Without notice/consent
Without notice/consent
z
Shoreline‐to‐Shoreline
Nonsuspendable
z
Extreme Cold