Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Aromatic Compounds
Essential feature: benzene-like rings
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
An example:
O
C
C
CH3O
HO
N
H
naphthalene
capsaicin
anthracene
phenanthrene
note the benzene-like rings
pyrene
Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
benzo[a]pyrene
coronene
Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds
Essential feature: rings with three conjugated electron pairs
N
N
N
N
H
N
H
pyrrole
imidazole
N
pyridine
pyrimidine
N
N
N
H
O
S
furan
thiophene
N
indole
N
H
purine
C60 or “buckminsterfullerene”
Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds
NH2
N
O
purines
N
N
toluene
NH2
O
NH2
DNA bases
O
R
cytosine
OCH3
NH2
guanine
adenine
N
OH
R
R
N
CH3
NH
N
N
Nomenclature: Root names
pyrimidines
H3C
styrene
CO2H
phenol
CHO
anisole
CN
NH
N
R
thymine
O
aniline
benzoic acid
benzaldehyde
benzonitrile
Memorize!
1
Nomenclature:
Di-substitution rebus
Nomenclature: Substituent names
M.D.
M.D.
M.D.
M.D.
CH2
M.D.
phenyl
benzyl
OH
M.D.
phenol
para-docs
ortho-docs
CO2H
benzoic acid
Nomenclature:
multiple substitution
Nomenclature: Di-substitution
CH3
OH
H 3C
OH
Br
meta-physicians
CH3
O 2N
NO2
CH3
NO2
ortho-bromophenol
meta-nitrotoluene
para-xylene
2-bromophenol
3-nitrotoluene
1,4-dimethylbenzene
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene
“mesitylene”
2,6-di-t-butyl4-methylphenol
NO2
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene
“TNT”
“BHT”
2